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Five thousand people attended the Replace Hazelwood Rally in Melbourne on Saturday, 6 November, increasing pressure on John Brumby and Ted Baillieu to commit to replacing all of Hazelwood power station within the next term of Government.
The future of Hazelwood has become the key test of parties’ climate change credentials at this state election. The power station was recently described by Premier Brumby as the “dirtiest and most polluting power station in Australia”.
Photo credit: James Thomas
6-inch Mk.VII Gun Emplacement constructed in 1941 using reinforced concrete and iron throughout, with an anti-strafing protective cover. It replaced and almost totally removed the 1901 6-inch BL gun emplacement, while re-using its magazine and shelter, it partially superseded a pillbox.
The casemate is a rectangular wall 9ft 8in high extending around part of the sides and the rear of the gun emplacement, and entered through a simple opening in the west or rear wall. Against the northern side it includes a small rectangular room, measuring 8ft x 4ft, reached through a doorway 3ft wide x 5ft 11in high. The door opened outward. The room probably received and directed electric and hydraulic power to the gun and emplacement, a continuous channel in the floor leads around the room and out into the gun pit. Scars on the walls are probably from shelving, power boxes and coat hooks.
The casemate roof is an anti-strafing cover, comprising a framework of iron girders supporting a roof of 3ft square x 3in thick concrete-asphalt tiles. The upright girders holding the roof are carried on small concrete pads. Along the back wall of the casemate are five recessed ready-use ammunition lockers, two of which abut the sides of the pillbox. Measuring on average 3ft 3in wide, 3ft 1in deep x 3ft 1in high, the recesses have metal frames for outward opening double doors, one is labelled ''CARTRIDGE''
The gun emplacement itself is reached by two upward flights of steps at the northern and southern ends of the casemate. The rear of the emplacement contains five recessed lockers for ready-use ammunition, measuring on average, 3ft 3in wide, 3ft 1in deep x 2ft 11in high. Several heavy-duty metal frames for outward-opening double metal doors, and at least one is labelled ''SHEL''. A drainage gully runs around the outside of the emplacement. The emplacement defines a circular gun pit 24ft 7in in diameter and 5ft 3in deep, partly covered by a platform supported on concrete pillars leaving a central circular aperture, 13ft 1in wide, for mounting of the 6-inch Mk.VII gun. The heavy holdfast bolts in the base of the gun pit are offset in two concentric circles of 7ft 3in and 7ft 4in diameter.
The channel bringing the power to the gun, rebated for metal covers, runs into the gun pit through a gap in the emplacement, 2ft 5in wide, in the north-west corner. This gun was sited on the edge of the promontory overlooking the Haven. Such was the potential of instability of the site that the emplacement has been strengthened with six tires of roughly concentric concrete buttressing, such that it resembles a ''wedding cake'' when viewed from a distance. The buttressing, which is visible in aerial photographs dated 1944, has not prevented the appearance of large cracks in the structure.
Behind the casemate to the west, but offset southward from its entrance, is a covered corridor, 33ft 1in long x 6ft 0.5in wide internally. It is lit partly by natural light at high level in the north wall by three six-light windows, each 1ft 8in wide x 1ft 2in high. At the far end the south wall is carried around the shaft of an ammunition lift from the magazine below, accessed through an opening in the wall, 5ft 10in x 5ft 5indeep, with a shelf 1ft 7in wide projecting into the corridor at waist level. An electric light bracket survives above the lift. Brickwork in the lift opening is a late feature. Ammunition would have been unloaded and taken along the corridor on wheeled trolleys to the ready-use ammunition lockers in the casemate. An external sign on the northern wall denotes the most recent military designation of the gun ''A3 EMPLACEMENT''.
Detail of the the roof of the south transept. The transept roofs were replaced in the 15th century by the present East Anglian style angel roofs, with hammerbeams carved in the form of large angel figures, all richly coloured and gilded.
Ely Cathedral is in the top rank of the great English cathedrals, and indeed earns its place among the best of medieval churches internationally for its unique architecture and astonishing beauty. It is a church I've visited several times over the years and never fails to impress, its form at once imposing and strikingly individual. Owing to the flatness of the surrounding countryside it is visible from afar as a major landmark, which makes approaching this tiny city all the more enticing.
The church was founded as an abbey by St Etheldreda in 672 and didn't achieve cathedral status until the foundation of the diocese in 1109. Much of the present building dates from the following years, with the nave and transepts still substantially as they were built (aside from a few altered windows and later ceilings) and a fine example of Norman / Romanesque architecture. A little later during the 1170s the soaring west tower and western transepts were added which would have created a magnificent facade when complete and of a type rarely seen in this country. The style is richer with more use of ornamentation than before, but also many of the arches (particularly the upper parts of the tower) are pointed, making it an early example of the transition to Gothic (the octagonal top storey is from two centuries later, but follows the original overall plan in form, if not detail). The north-west transept however collapsed in the late 15th century and was never rebuilt, leaving the front of the cathedral will the curiously lopsided but not unattractive west front we see today. The Galilee porch that projects from the base of the tower dates from the beginning of the 13th century, only a few decades later but now fully Gothic in style.
The Norman eastern limb had been fairly short so the next major building phases saw the great eastward extension of the presbytery built in Gothic style in 1234-50. It makes an interesting contrast with the earlier parts of the building being so rich in style, externally punctuated with pinnacles and flying buttresses and profusely ornamented withing, making the Romanesque nave and transepts seem somewhat austere by comparison. Then in 1321 an ambitious new lady chapel was begun at the north-east corner, but soon afterwards work was delayed by unforeseen events.
In 1322 the old Norman central tower collapsed, bringing down with it most of the old Romanesque choir (but not the recently built presbytery beyond). The aftermath left the cathedral with a gaping hole at its heart, but this must have inspired those charged with its recovery, and under the direction of Alan of Walsingham the crossing was rebuilt in a unique way; rather than build a new tower of a similar form the central piers that supported it were entirely cleared away along with the adjoining bay of nave, transepts and choir to create a much larger octagonal central space. This then rose to become the unique central tower that Ely is so famous for, the Octagon, a combination of a lower octagonal tower built of stone crowned by a delicate lantern built of wood and covered with lead externally. The result is an incredible, piece of architecture, and the view inside of the open space rising to the curved vaults above on which the glazed lantern appears to float is unforgettable.
After the Octagon and beautifully spacious and richly adorned Lady Chapel were completed there was no more major work at the cathedral. The transept roofs were replaced in the 15th century with the wooden hammerbeam structures we see today, adorned with large angel figures in the East Anglian tradition. The most significant late medieval additions are the two sumptuously decorated chantry chapels built within the end of each choir aisle, each a riot of later medieval ornament and Bishop West's also being remarkable for its fusion of Gothic and Renaissance detail. The cloister appears to have been rebuilt at a similar stage though sadly very little of it survives today.
Sadly the Reformation saw a wave of iconoclasm of particular ferocity unleashed here in Ely. The most telling reminder is the Lady Chapel with its richly ornamented arcading carved with hundreds of small scenes and figures, all brutally beheaded (not a single head survives). Free standing statues in niches have all gone without trace, but in the case of Bishop West's chantry chapel the topmost figures were carved in relief, so these were hammered away leaving the mutilated remains as a testament to zealotry and intolerance. Most of the stained glass appears to have also been removed around this time, so there was surprisingly little damage here during the Civil War a century later as the Puritan frenzy had already been unleashed.
A corner of the north transept collapsed in 1699 but was rebuilt almost identically, a rare early example of such an exacting approach to reconstruction. The classical form of a window and doorway below are the only reminders of the rebuilding, some say with advice from Christopher Wren whose uncle had been bishop here decades earlier (Wren knew the cathedral as a result, and the Octagon is believed to have inspired his plans for St Paul's, as the ground plans of the Octagon and his domed central space at St Paul's are remarkably similar).
The cathedral saw further changes in the 18th century when the structure was in need of repair. James Essex was called in to repair the Octagon and the wooden lantern was stabilised but its external was appearance simplified by stripping away much of its original detail. The medieval choir stalls had originally sat directly underneath the Octagon with painted walls on either side, but these were removed at this time and the stalls relocated further east to the position they are in now. Sadly the Norman pulpitum screen at the end of the nave was also removed (the earliest of its kind to survive in any cathedral).
By the mid 19th century tastes had changed again and the Victorian preference for richness over Georgian austerity saw the cathedral restored under the direction of George Gilbert Scott. He restored the Octagon lantern to something much closer to its original appearance and added new screens at the crossing and behind the altar. Stained glass gradually filled the cathedral again and it remains one of the richest collections of Victorian glass in the country. The ceiling of the nave which had been left plain for centuries was given a new richly painted finish with scenes from the Old & New Testaments, begun by Henry le Strange but finished by Thomas Gambier Parry after the former had died halfway through the project. Gambier Parry also undertook the lavish redecoration of the interior of the Octagon lantern.
The cathedral has remained little change since and is one of the rewarding in the country. There is much of beauty to enjoy here beyond the architecture, with many interesting tombs and monuments from the medieval and post-Reformation periods. There is a wealth of stained glass of unusual richness; not everyone appreciates Victorian glass (indeed Alec Clifton Taylor was quite scathing about the glass here) but while it is very mixed I find much of it is of remarkably high quality.
Since 1972 the Stained Glass Museum has been housed in the nave triforium (originally on the north side, it was later transferred to the south where it currently remains). This is the only collection in the country solely devoted to the medium and is a great ambassador for it, with fine pieces covering a range of styles and illustrating the development of the art through the various backlit panels on show in the gallery.
Visitors can usually take tours to ascend the Octagon and even the west tower on more select days. Tours do get booked up though so it took me many visits before I could make my ascent, but happily this time I finally managed it and it was a wonderful experience I won't forget. Frustratingly I was unable to ascend the west tower since I was at a symposium on the day when tours were held so I hope to have better luck next time.
For more historical detail and context see below:-
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ely_Cathedral
For entry fees and tower tours see the cathedral's website below:-
Inspired by Richard Mosse (uses a specialist film to reveal a part of the light spectrum that changes some of the colours, most prominently greens change to red or dark pink / Kodak Aerochrome Infrared Film) and David Keochkerian (uses photoshop to replace the colours by hand) for their use of alternative colours.
Sleeper replacement around the home signal curve at the Daylesford Spa Country Railway. The Scarifier is digging the sleeper trenches while the tie crane positionins the new sleepers and the inserter pushes them under. The SRS had previously gone through the area and extracted the old sleepers
Muita ansiedade da galera para ver os garotos do grupo Replace numa tarde de autógrafos na Central Surf do Shopping Aricanduva!
@ THE EMERGENCY WILL REPLACE THE CONTEMPORARY
Copenhagen : thursday 21th 2013 februar 5 pm
After all the energy and foccus that was developped
during Cop 15 ( climate change conference in Copenhagen 2009 )
What is left now ?
Is it too late ?
Is it a tabu ?
What is just a trend ?
Is everythink solved now ?
Is climate change still an Emergency ?
if yes - what don t we debate more about steps to take ?
This run is a warm up process for "Emergency Room Mobile " work to be activated
at the Venice Biennale : COP 18 B with the Maldives pavilion
Lindy Oliver
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"Lead with Love"
In our new house (only 30 years old) in Japan, the kitchen has hideous wallpaper that only its designer could love. We plan to replace the wallpaper when the time is right...
Tho I must admit I am having a very hard time with the N80, in terms of connecting to send email. It constantly fails to connect to any of my now wide open WiFi acces points, even thought I have set them as "Access points", and even sending via my mobile service provider's GPRS simply fails silently. All emails just sit in the Outbox market as "Queued"... and never get out. :(
Replaced all electrolytic capacitors, added bypass caps, replaced signal path caps with Mylar capacitors.
Art from Canteen Magazine, issue 4.
From issue #4, Juliana Romano's oil painting series Darkness Replaces You.
Bumper and top repainted, not sure wether I want to replace the VW logo on the front, or put the spare tire carrier there....pros and cons to both...need to replace the pop-top and luggage rack seals. I bought all of the parts to replace the entire brake system, that needs to be done asap.
This rickety footbridge, over the Lincoln to Newark railway line, having been declared unsafe and closed for quite some time, is in the process of being replaced by Network Rail. The Council, who run Whisby Nature Reserve in which the bridge stands, could not afford to refurbish it. At the same time Network Rail are building a bridge for vehicular traffic to replace an unmanned level crossing at the same location. The cost will be a million pounds and approximately one year of disruption to wild life and visitors alike.
Heavily rebuilt from former BR Mark 1 BSK Brake Standard Corridor carriage W34615 in the late 1970s, Network Rail Test Car 975091 MENTOR has travelled the length and breadth of the UK's rail network testing the soundness of the overhead catenary system as well as any possible voltage fluctuations in the 25kV AC overhead wires. Originally painted in the British Rail Research Department rail blue & tomato red livery back in the 1980s MENTOR has since been painted into the standard Network Rail canary yellow livery as seen here at London King's Cross, with its windows being replaced from the original Mark 1 sliding window vents to the hopper window vents as used on the BR Southern Region class 411 (4 CEP) slam-door EMUs as well as the BR Eastern Region class 309 Clacton slam-door EMUs following their refurbishments in the early to mid-1980s. The name 'MENTOR' is an abbreviation of 'Mobile Electronic Network Testing & Observation Recorder'.