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Karate For Kids
Karate for kids classes in Cave Creek, Chandler, Mesa, Glendale, Arizona are taught in a method to develop life skills such as respects, enhanced self-discipline, greater confidence and respect in children. The karate for kids programs with the local ATA martial arts schools doesn’t only teach how to kick and punch. The karate classes will teach kids the valuable life lessons of self-control and the ability to defend themselves. All of the Karate Kids classes teach the attributes necessary to be a confident individual within our community.
Our Local ATA Martial Art schools in Cave Creek, Chandler, Mesa, Glendale, Arizona have carefully designed the karate programs for the youth within the community- age appropriate programs that are specifically aimed at the child’s development both physically and mentally. These karate lessons are taught through a top ranked and nationally recognized “Karate For Kids” program, that has a well established training curriculum designed school aged students.
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#1 with parents in the ATA Karate Schools in Cave Creek, Chandler, Mesa, Glendale, Arizona is the renowned Karate for Kids character development “ATA Life Skills” program designed for personal Victory in Martial Arts with skills such as perseverance, integrity, courtesy, self-esteem and the respect for others while incorporating social life skills that develops naturally within the group.
It is always a good time to start a program at one our three locations as the #1 Karate For Kids schools in Las Vegas and Henderson. Together with kids their own age, every youngster can mature and grow with the self confidence that a karate kids program develops within them.
Martial Arts Classes For Women
In today’s world of fitness, women are looking for a structured and interesting workout in a manner to stay fit that breaks away from their traditional daily routine. Repeating the same exercise every day can be draining and break ones motivation and is rarely goal oriented. It isn’t the normal daily gym workout. ATA Martial Arts of Cave Creek, Chandler, Mesa, Glendale, Arizona is a training facility that women are finding the variety of goal oriented conditioning that is exciting. While the physical nature of martial arts is rewarding and a personal martial arts victory, it also teaches the self defense and survival tactics that is needed in todays ever changing world.
There are many important mental and physical health benefits in our women’s martial art classes in Las Vegas and Henderson. While toning vital muscles and building coordination will enhance self-confidence, awareness and increase cardiovascular is health. Women who Attend ATA karate classes will improve balance, flexibility, increase exercise stamina levels while developing a greater sense of self-esteem, hence the term… “Victory” in Martial Arts.
Martial Arts have been known to provide much needed stress relief, promote self-control, concentration, and boost the ability to remain calm under stress. ATA Martial Arts routines are even helping women keep their memory sharp on a day-to-day basis!
Cave Creek, Chandler, Mesa, Glendale, Arizona ATA Martial Arts facilities are the community martial arts experts that provide rigorous karate classes for women of all ages to develop their strength of body and mind.
It’s a fact! Women are breaking away from their traditional exercise routines such as gym workouts and finding balance, freedom and motivation at ATA Martial Arts. It’s time for you to experience the benefits of karate classes designed for women with the community Martial Art experts in Las Vegas and Henderson.
Adult Martial Arts Classes for Men
Martial Arts classes for men in Cave Creek, Chandler, Mesa, Glendale, Arizona is more then just kicking and punching. ATA Karate Classes create a stronger self awareness, enhanced confidence, greater focus, and a true Victory in Martial Arts for men of all ages.
In an adult class a karate student will train will practical concepts in a safe, clean and enjoyable facility, while incorporating life skills to de-stress from life’s everyday challenges. Las Vegas ATA Martial Arts and Henderson ATA Martial arts offers three location to serve our community. Learning a skill set that will stick with you for life, no matter what age, allowing you to gain the self confidence desired so that you can feel comfortable with confrontation in any real life situation.
As one of the top martial arts training facilities in the community our Martial Arts programs such as Karate for Kids, Taekwondo and MMA and Fitness is a key method of enhancing the body’s functions, including flexibility, coordination, and balance with strength and endurance. Yes! It relieves stress while having some fun as well as meeting new people. As an adult, you do not need to have prior training before you get into a Martial Arts class. ATA Martial Arts has a defined teaching curriculum designed to take each student to the peak of their performance while greatly enhancing their skills creating a personal “Martial Arts Victory”.
KRAV MAGA & MMA FITNESS
Krav Maga and ATA’s MMA and athletic training is combined to provide a diverse full body workout while incorporating real life scenario drills for self defense.
This class features a structured curriculum that is in continuous motion utilizing all levels of MMA and Krav Maga skills with self defense drills in a manner to enhance cardio-respiratory for your cardiovascular system. Krav Maga students don’t’ just perform blocks, punches, kicks and movements you would find at a gym to music or in the mirror, students train in an environment that is preparing them for real life conditions.
The Krav Maga & MMA Fitness in Cave Creek, Chandler, Mesa, Glendale, Arizona is a true Conditioning Program that specializes in a Total Body Workout that doesn’t feel like to boring fitness class you may have taken before. Krav Maga Conditioning Program brings a fresh experience and keeps each and every student motivated in class on a day to day basis.
With a strong dedication and commitment to the Krav Maga and MMA Fitness Training student, Krav Instructors teach a combination of strength training, combatives, flexibility skills, and workouts with our top notch academy training facility. There is a emphasize on muscular strength and cardiovascular endurance for Krav students in Henderson and Las Vegas while instilling the distinctive awareness and self defense techniques needed for street survival in our ever changing world.
Correct body alignment to maximize efficiency can be key, our team of professional instructors will work on refining Krav Maga technique through exciting repetition drills and training.
All levels of Krav Maga, MMA & Fitness from the beginner to the experienced can train at anyone of our three locations. Call today and don’t delay.
16 September 2020. The Governors of ADB’s 14 Pacific developing member countries met with ADB President Masatsugu Asakawa, Vice President (Operations 2) Ahmed M. Saeed, and the Pacific Department’s management team to discuss critical development issues facing the Pacific, which have become more challenging due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the role of ADB in supporting Pacific countries as they respond to these challenges.
ADB’s 53rd ADB Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors (2nd Stage) will be held via virtual meetings and online seminars from 17 to 18 September.
At the event, Ministers from ADB members, ADB Management, and development and industry experts will discuss a range of issues confronting Asia and the Pacific as it responds to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Webinar topics include universal health coverage, regional cooperation, technology and investments, resilient and inclusive recovery, and domestic resource mobilization. View the full list of webinars and meetings.
The first stage of the 53rd Annual Meeting comprised a reduced-scale meeting of the Board of Governors on 22 May, during which Governors approved ADB’s financial statements and net income allocation in line with ADB institutional requirements.
HPD pupils are developing concept models as part of their Developing Design Proposals Unit. As usual lighting remains a popular choice. Pupils are also developing proposals on themes as diverse as seating, kitchen utensils and sportswear equipment.
Good to see evidencs of great strides being made in quich modeling techniques using materials like plasticine, copper wire, plywood and foam. The glue gun gets a lot of use at the moment as does the bandsaw and fretsaw.
Fortunately, Cathy, our cleaner has been very understanding. The mess at times you would not believe!
Good work everybody. Have a great Christmas break, get some rest. You'll need all your energy for the new year!
SONY a7II + SIGMA MC-11 ( SA-E ) + 14mm F1.8 DG HSM A017 (SA mount β Version )
Developed by Adobe Photoshop Lightroom CC 2015.10.1
16 September 2020. The Governors of ADB’s 14 Pacific developing member countries met with ADB President Masatsugu Asakawa, Vice President (Operations 2) Ahmed M. Saeed, and the Pacific Department’s management team to discuss critical development issues facing the Pacific, which have become more challenging due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the role of ADB in supporting Pacific countries as they respond to these challenges.
ADB’s 53rd ADB Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors (2nd Stage) will be held via virtual meetings and online seminars from 17 to 18 September.
At the event, Ministers from ADB members, ADB Management, and development and industry experts will discuss a range of issues confronting Asia and the Pacific as it responds to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Webinar topics include universal health coverage, regional cooperation, technology and investments, resilient and inclusive recovery, and domestic resource mobilization. View the full list of webinars and meetings.
The first stage of the 53rd Annual Meeting comprised a reduced-scale meeting of the Board of Governors on 22 May, during which Governors approved ADB’s financial statements and net income allocation in line with ADB institutional requirements.
The Barchetta was developed between 1990 and 1994 under the project name Tipo B Spider 176. It was designed by Andreas Zapatinas and Alessandro Cavazza under the supervision of Peter Barrett Davis and other car designers at the Fiat Centro Stile, and prototyping was carried out by Stola.
Production began in February 1995 and lasted until June 2005, with a brief pause due to the bankruptcy of coachbuilder Maggiora. The Barchetta was based on the chassis of the Mark 1 Fiat Punto. The Barchetta has 1,747 cc DOHC petrol engine fitted with variable camshaft timing, used for the first time in a Fiat production car, after being patented in 1970. The engine has 132 PS (97 kW; 130 hp) and 164 N·m (121 lb·ft) of torque. The Barchetta weighs 1056 kg (2328 lb) without air conditioning and can accelerate to 100 km/h (62 mph) in 8.9 seconds and has a top speed of 200 km/h (124 mph). It came in various trim levels which offered different features, for example, diamond cross stitch - patterned red leather instead of the standard black leather or fabric seats, alloy wheels instead of steel wheels, or fog-lights as an option. Arguably one of the biggest external cosmetic changes was made by the addition of the third brake light, first introduced by Fiat on the Lido and Riviera in 2000, and on sub models thereafter.
The Barchetta was revised in 2003, for its relaunch the following year, with some alterations inside and out. The most notable changes were the revised front spoiler and rear bumper. Production of the car eventually stopped in June 2005.
2nd Regiment, Advanced Camp Cadets develop critical skills during the Platoon Situational Training Exercise at Cadet Summer Training 2018. (Fort Knox, Kentucky, 24 June) Photos By: Jakob Coombes
I fund my old 35 mm and tried with x developed film( I hope that is what is called) The idea was that I trying to get a golden light, so I asked my photography guy for a film for my old canon camera 35 mm. But instead it got this crazy coldish colors
MARS IN MUMBAI
Prototypes of change developed for the BMW Guggenheim Lab
Informal settlements dominate much of the world’s emerging cityscape. The tense social and spatial conditions they bring forth render most urban strategies ineffective. Neither top-down planning, defined by a technocratic approach of ever larger infrastructure, nor bottom-up efforts, in the form of increasingly sophisticated community level projects, seem able to meet the challenges at the scale the developing metropolis demands. Can micro-scale interventions be designed to achieve citywide strategies?
This conceptual divide is further exacerbated in Mumbai, where slums that make up two-thirds of the population cut through the entire island city in a sharp spatial divide. Attempts to address the dire challenges from, water security to pollution and severe congestion, are limited to either the formal or informal settlements. MARS Architects has produced a vision for a United Mumbai, the starting point for incorporating informal settlements as fully integrated parts of the formal city.
Over the coming weeks, stakeholder meetings will be held at the Guggenheim Lab Mumbai to discuss our ten proposed technologies, from wall systems to transport systems. Follow us as an expanding system of architectural interventions turns slums into sustainable settlements, which in turn become the backbone of a United Mumbai.
PART 1: SPI MODEL
The foundation of this project is an in-depth study of Mumbai’s population density. Not merely mapping Mumbai’s infamous conditions in abstract terms but introducing a new methodology that better represents the experience on the ground. The new metric, called the Stacked Population Index (SPI), measures the density of people per amount of available floor surface. Suddenly the true extents of Mumbai’s informal settlements can be observed: a yellow forest of towering densities covers the entire urban landscape. The harsh reality; the city accommodates two thirds of its population on less than a quarter of its residential surface, and yet urban plans for Mumbai mostly ignore their existence.
Follow the project: MARS Architects Facebook page
Event details: BMW GUGGENHEIM LAB
From a trip to one of the marshy inlets at Leaser Lake in late 2015.
Technical Details:
Nikon F2 Photomic 35mm film camera. Nippon Kogaku (Nikon) Nikkor-S Auto 50mm F1.4 non-AI lens.
Kodak Tri-x 400 B&W film shot at ISO 1250.
Developed in Diafine for 4 minutes (part A) and 4 minutes (part B) @ 20 degrees Celsius in Paterson 3 reel tank. 5 seconds initial agitation with swizzle stick followed by 5 seconds of additional agitation evey minute thereafter.
Negative scanned with Epson 4990 on holders with ANR glass.
Fossil of the day 12 December COP25
1st 🇺🇸 US (again!) for blocking money for victims of severe climate impacts for 6 years now!
2nd - Developed Countries especially 🇪🇺🇨🇦🇦🇺 for lack of ambition in #lossanddamage for vulnerable countries
🇦🇺 Australia for using carbon market loopholes
#RayoftheDay 🌅
For the people rolling up their sleeves to take on the fossil fuel industry
🇵🇭 Philippines - climate activists petitioning #CarbonMajors for human rights
🇳🇴Norway-fighting extraction in the Arctic
Indigenous heroes from the 🇧🇷Amazon to 🇦🇺Australia
Today we have in first place for the fossil of the day award the United States of America (USA) (again and again)!
The main reason is for generally really standing in the way of any money going to the people suffering from climate change. This has been going on for at least six years. This should really raise eyebrows about the country´s lack of empathy. Are there real people in office in the US People with actual hearts? Or have they replaced their humanity with a lump of coal?
First inhumanity, and now they put on full display their paranoia! They are afraid of being held accountable for causing droughts in Africa. They are afraid of being held accountable for the drowning of the Pacific; the destruction of entire civilisations. Actually, they should be held accountable but this is not what the Paris Agreement is about. It is about international cooperation, no developing country talked about liability. Yet the US insists on language on liability and compensation in the draft COP Decision text on the Review of the Warsaw International Mechanism on Loss & Damage (WIM).
Hey US you are on your way out, you are not giving a single dollar to the Green Climate Fund and now you don’t want any help to get to the people bearing the brunt of the mess you created! And still, you want to be part of the WIM’s Executive Committee! Pay up or step out, let others move forward already.
The Second Fossil of the Day award goes to developed countries with special mention to the European Union, Canada and Australia for showing lack of ambition in responding to vulnerable peoples’needs on loss and damage.
The WIM Review unofficially began on December 1st, and the overwhelming message was that finance to address loss and damage must be an outcome of COP25.
Two weeks later, poor and vulnerable countries and civil society are wondering if developed countries attended a different meeting on December 1st.
While we acknowledge they have been less problematic than the US, developed countries, including Australia, Canada and the European Union have done very little very late to advance discussions on loss and damage finance age. It’s especially confusing when all three have agreed that existing climate finance is insufficient. Anyhow, aren’t they the rich people in the room? And part of the club that caused the problem in the first place? Why is it so difficult for them to pay for the damages they are still causing. Also…hey Canada… isn’t high time you differentiate yourself from cronies like Australia and the US?
It is beyond us to understand how developed countries can sit by and continue to twiddle their thumbs whilst vulnerable communities in developing countries experience severe losses and damages. You have one day left to show you want to be on the right side of history!
The third fossil award goes to Australia - for using carbon market loopholes to meet its climate targets
We award this fossil to Australia for planning to cheat the atmosphere by carrying over its credits from the Kyoto protocol. Instead of cutting greenhouse gas pollution, Australia is using creative accounting. Please bear with us now: Australia plans to count surplus carbon credits from exceeding previous targets against future targets. Regrettably, this was allowed under the old Kyoto protocol, but it is not even mentioned in the Paris agreement. No country in though about such trickery.
To make things worse, since the Paris Agreement is a new and separate treaty, this is not even legal stuff!
Hey Australia: Article 6 deserves some more love here instead of your distractions. When you rig your climate target you shouldn't showcase this as "overachievement". You must do more in the future, not less. Please stop cooking up the books, stop shifting carbon pollution around. Grow up, be a responsible adult and get over Kyoto, it´s long gone now!
The Ray of the Day goes to the people rolling up their sleeves to take on the fossil fuel industry
We would like to especially mention:
The activists from the Philippines who petitioned the Philippines Commission for Human Rights to denounce the responsibility of the Carbon Majors for climate-induced human rights violations
The amazing Norwegians campaigning to denounce fossil fuel extraction in the Arctic and who will be facing the government in court tomorrow - hoping that the judge will realize how incompatible large scale fossil fuel extraction is with the right to a healthy environment for present and future generations
The indigenous heroes, from the Amazon to Australia risking their already vulnerable lives to fight fossil fuel development on traditional land and to preserve cultural and environmental integrity
These heroes are leading the charge in bringing down the real elephant occupying the UNFCCC hallways and backing the deniers and the blockers. Hur-Ray to the people! They are the hope and they will prevail!
About the fossils:
Every day at 18:00 local time you can watch the Fossil ceremony in Hall 4 during COP25.
The Fossil of the Day awards were first presented at the climate talks in 1999, in Bonn, initiated by the German NGO Forum. During United Nations climate change negotiations (www.unfccc.int), members of the Climate Action Network (CAN), vote for countries judged to have done their 'best' to block progress in the negotiations in the last days of talks.
About CAN: The Climate Action Network (CAN) is a global network of over 1,300 Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in more than 120 countries working to promote government and individual action to limit human induced climate change to ecologically sustainable levels.
Watch the Facebook livestream video
Attribution: John Englart/Climate Action Network
We do learn and develop when we are exposed to those who are greater than we are. Perhaps this is the chief way we mature. - Madeleine L'Engle
Most of the nearly two–billion children in the developing world are inadequately educated, or receive no education at all. One in three does not complete the fifth grade.
The individual and societal consequences of this chronic global crisis are profound. Children are consigned to poverty and isolation—just like their parents—never knowing what the light of learning could mean in their lives. At the same time, their governments struggle to compete in a rapidly evolving, global information economy, hobbled by a vast and increasingly urban underclass that cannot support itself, much less contribute to the commonweal, because it lacks the tools to do so.
It is time to rethink this equation.
Given the resources that developing countries can reasonably allocate to education—sometimes less than $20 per year per pupil, compared to the approximately $7500 per pupil spent annually in the U.S.—even a doubled or redoubled national commitment to traditional education, augmented by external and private funding, would not get the job done. Moreover, experience strongly suggests that an incremental increase of “more of the same”—building schools, hiring teachers, buying books and equipment—is a laudable but insufficient response to the problem of bringing true learning possibilities to the vast numbers of children in the developing world.
Standing still is a reliable recipe for going backward.
Any nation's most precious natural resource is its children. We believe the emerging world must leverage this resource by tapping into the children's innate capacities to learn, share, and create on their own. Our answer to that challenge is the XO laptop, a children's machine designed for “learning learning.”
XO embodies the theories of constructionism first developed by MIT Media Lab Professor Seymour Papert in the 1960s, and later elaborated upon by Alan Kay, complemented by the principles articulated by Nicholas Negroponte in his book, Being Digital.
Extensively field-tested and validated among some of the poorest and most remote populations on earth, constructionism emphasizes what Papert calls “learning learning” as the fundamental educational experience. A computer uniquely fosters learning learning by allowing children to “think about thinking”, in ways that are otherwise impossible. Using the XO as both their window on the world, as well as a highly programmable tool for exploring it, children in emerging nations will be opened to both illimitable knowledge and to their own creative and problem-solving potential.
OLPC is not, at heart, a technology program, nor is the XO a product in any conventional sense of the word. OLPC is a non-profit organization providing a means to an end—an end that sees children in even the most remote regions of the globe being given the opportunity to tap into their own potential, to be exposed to a whole world of ideas, and to contribute to a more productive and saner world community.
Find out more at laptop.org/
Sometimes it's not working out with developing but still a nice result. Shot with a Mamiya 645M on Kodak Porta 400
OLYMPUS OM-D E-M5 Mark II + OLYMPUS M.ZUIKO DIGITAL ED 12-40mm F2.8 PRO
“ 64M High Res Shot ”
Developed by Adobe Photoshop Lightroom CC 2015.10.1
Mmm, light leaky goodness!
Taken with the Exposed Pinhole Camera in September, 2009 using expired (10-2006) Kodak Ektachrome 100 Plus film. Developed at home using an Arista E6 processing kit.
Camera: Nikon Nikonos-V
Lens: W-Nikkor 35mm f/2.5 Prime
Film: Fujifilm Fujicolor C200
Develop and Scan: Boots UK
The badge of Queensland developed from the need to include a seal or badge in the design of the state flag.
The badge was adopted as part of the state flag on 29 November 1976. It is officially described as "On a Roundel Argent a Maltese Cross Azure surmounted with a Royal Crown".
It was designed by William Hemmant, the then Queensland Colonial Secretary and Treasurer. It is not known why this was chosen as a suitable badge.
However, it is interesting to note that a Maltese Cross is the final stop on the legend band around the Great Seal of Queensland (1859). The Royal Crown also appears on this seal.
It was last altered in 1963, after Queen Elizabeth II decided to reproduce the Crown during her reign.
Description source:
View the original record at the Queensland State Archives:
This ain't right, neither, but it ain't illegal.
This is a half -- two of these, glued end to end in a tube, will collapse. Collapse is probably not the right term. Resolve. The gray lines don't do anything -- you just think about them.
This little tank dates from World War II and is on display at Fort A.P. Hill, Virginia. Shot with my very cool Crown Graphic with a 135mm f4.7 Schneider-Kreuznach lens on Foma 100. Developed in Stearman Press SP-76 developer in a Stearman SP-445 tank.
De Havilland Canada DHC Dash-7CC-132 132002. Originally designed as a medium capacity STOL aircraft, the prototype first flew in March 1975. It developed into a series of larger models carrying up to fifty passengers. The displaying aircraft is one of two operated by 42 Squadron, Royal Canadian Air Force, and based at Lahr, West Germany.
Photographed: SBAC 50th Anniversary Air Show, Royal Aircraft Establishment, Farnborough, Hants, UK. 11-12 September 1982.
© All Rights Reserved. Please do not use or reproduce this image on Websites/Blog or any other media without my explicit permission.
Developed by Fritz B. Burns Research Division for Housing
Architects: Walter Wurdeman and Welton Becket
Landscape Architects: Eckbo, Royston & Williams
It's better with a paraboly thing than a circle arc. For those of you keeping score at home, the top of the curve is one quarter of the height of its triangle.
PDF of the crease pattern.
Hey, Goran, I made this with you and copper in mind. (In my mind, there was a lot of verdigris, but that's kind of status quo.)
Highbridge, The Bronx, New York City, New York, United States
Highbridge, The Bronx, New York City, New York, United States of America
Summary
The Union Reformed Church of Highbridge in the South Bronx was constructed in 1887-88 to the design of Alfred E. Barlow, a little-known architect who began his career in suburban residences. Highbridgeville (later known as Highbridge) developed along the high ridge of land along the Harlem River located to the south and east of High Bridge (1838-48, John B. Jervis, engineer), part of the Croton Aqueduct system that brought New York City its first adequate water supply. The village was initially populated with the workers (mostly Irish) who built the aqueduct, bridge, and also the railroad along the river. A Protestant “Union Sunday-School of Highbridgeville” was established in 1860, and a chapel was built in 1866 on Highbridge (later Ogden) Avenue.
After 1874, the church became affiliated with the Reformed Church of America, and became known as the Union Reformed Church of Highbridge. As the congregation grew, a larger building was needed. The significant firm of D.C. Weeks & Son was the builder. Built of random-coursed, rockfaced gneiss ashlar with red sandstone trim, the church is one story with a taller square bell tower at the southwest corner. The Ogden Avenue facade has a steeply-pitched gable and three round-arched windows with voussoirs, connected to the tower by a tourelle, and both side elevations have buttresses and round-arched windows with leaded stained glass.
The eastern (altar) end contains a leaded stained-glass rose window (1889) manufactured by the Tiffany Glass Co., with a geometric design composed of seven circular motifs. The Union Reformed Church of Highbridge (now Highbridge Community Church), one of the Bronx’s significant 19th-century religious structures, is also one of the finest surviving churches in New York City in the Richardsonian Romanesque style, named after one of the greatest American architects, Henry Hobson Richardson (1838-1886). It is particularly unusual within New York as a more informal, suburban example of the style.
Union Reformed Church of Highbridge
Highbridgeville (later known as Highbridge) in the South Bronx developed on the high ridge of land along the Harlem River located to the east of High Bridge (1838-48, John B. Jervis, engineer), which was constructed as part of the Croton Aqueduct system that brought New York City its first adequate fresh water supply. The village was initially settled by the workers who built the Croton Aqueduct and High Bridge, as well as the railroad along the river. Almost entirely Irish originally, these workers were followed later by other European and Jewish immigrants. The Bronx shore of the Harlem River began to be subdivided in the later 19th century for building lots along the main thoroughfare, Highbridge Avenue. It was re-named Ogden Avenue in 1876, in honor of William B. Ogden (1805-1877), the first mayor of Chicago and first president of the Union Pacific Railroad, who after his retirement owned a Highbridge estate called “Villa Boscobel.” Initially, there were few neighborhood amenities and but one small district school; this was replaced by Public School 91 (1889, George W. Debevoise), 1257 Ogden Avenue.
As no church was located within several miles of Highbridgeville, the area’s Protestants organized a religious congregation in October 1860, which was led by William Newton Clark and incorporated in 1864. The “Union Sunday-School of Highbridgeville” held classes in various neighborhood buildings until funds were donated to purchase property and to construct a chapel on Highbridge Avenue. After its completion in 1866, it became the religious center of the community with regular Sunday School meetings. In order to establish a formal church, the congregation called a meeting in June 1874 to vote on a specific Protestant denomination. The Reformed Church of America was chosen and, after official recognition, the church became known as the Union Reformed Church of Highbridge. From 1870 to 1884, the church was served by the pastor of the Mott Haven Reformed Church, Rev. Hasbroek DuBois. After 1884, with the installation of its own minister, Daniel Hoffman Martin, the membership of the church grew rapidly and a larger building was needed. Additional property was purchased, the old chapel was moved to the east, and a new church edifice constructed between December 1887 and its dedication in December 1888, at a contracted cost of $18,000. The rockfaced gneiss church, measuring 43 by 70 feet, was designed by Alfred E. Barlow in the Richardsonian Romanesque style, then at the height of its popularity. The New York Times called it a “new and picturesque home.” D.C. Weeks & Son was the builder. This significant firm, established in 1840 by DeWitt Clinton Weeks and including his son, Francis
M. Weeks, as a partner in the 1860s, was responsible for the construction of numerous mansions, churches, institutions, and office buildings in New York and elsewhere, including St. Thomas Church (1865, Richard M. Upjohn; demolished), Fifth Avenue and West 53rd Street; the first American Museum of Natural History (1874-77, Calvert Vaux and Jacob Wrey Mould; demolished); World (Pulitzer) Building (1888-90, George B. Post; demolished), Park Row and Frankfort Street; Biltmore, the George W. Vanderbilt Estate (1888-95, Richard Morris Hunt), Asheville, North Carolina; and Morton F. Plant Residence (1903-05, Robert W. Gibson), 651 Fifth Avenue.
The Richardsonian Romanesque style was named after one of America’s greatest architects, Henry Hobson Richardson (1838-1886), who created an American interpretation of the Romanesque based on French and Italian prototypes. His Trinity Church (1873-77), Boston, as well as his many libraries and other buildings, firmly established Richardson’s professional reputation and launched the popularity and influence of the style. Following Richardson’s precedent, many architects employed it in the 1880s and 90s for a wide variety of building types, ranging from mansions to courthouses, university structures, and railroad stations, and including many notable churches. The style was characterized by its appearance of massiveness and such features as rockfaced masonry, round-arched fenestration, and steeply pitched roofs with towers and dormers. The noted architectural critic Montgomery Schuyler expressed the opinion in 1903 that “the Romanesque, in the Richardsonian version of it, gave a more rational promise in church building than in almost any other of the phases... there is very much to be said in favor of Romanesque as the most suitable style for church architecture.”
The Union Reformed Church of Highbridge is one of the finest remaining examples of the style in New York City. The major features of the church, including the asymmetrical massing of the forms, the bell tower, the arched openings, and the rockfaced gneiss stonework accented by red sandstone, combine to create a masterful, skillfully articulated, and characteristic example of the Richardsonian Romanesque style. It is particularly unusual within New York City as a more informal, suburban example of the style. A contemporary example outside of New York is St. Mary’s-in-Tuxedo (1887-88, William A. Potter), Tuxedo Park. Only a few major, fully-urban examples of the style survive in Manhattan, including Holy Trinity (later St. Martin’s) Episcopal Church, Rectory, and Parish House (1887-89, Potter), 230 Lenox Avenue in Harlem; and St. Agnes Parish House (now part of Trinity School)(c. 1890-92, Potter), 121 West 71st Street.
In 1889, a leaded stained-glass rose window manufactured by the Tiffany Glass Co., with a geometric design composed of seven circular motifs, was installed in the rear (altar end) of the Union Reformed Church of Highbridge. Louis Comfort Tiffany (1848-1933), originally a painter and later a decorator, started working in stained-glass windows in the mid-1870s and established the Tiffany Glass Co. in 1885. The firm’s early work was largely in the development of ornamental stained glass for windows, which were notable for their brilliant colors and the varied textures within the glass. Robert Koch, in his study Louis C. Tiffany, Rebel in Glass (1982), noted that “the best Tiffany windows made prior to 1890 are generally those of purely decorative and geometric design. Examples of such ornamental use of glass may be seen in... the windows of the Union Reformed Church of Highbridge.” Koch further noted the increasing rarity of in situ Tiffany windows in New York, based on an 1893 listing of churches and public buildings in the U.S. containing Tiffany work – “since that time more than half of the churches in New York in which Tiffany had a hand in the decoration have been demolished.”
Alfred E. Barlow, Architect
Little is known of the background of architect Alfred E. Barlow (1855-1926), who was apparently born in Brooklyn, the son of English-born machinist John Barlow. His career, however, strongly parallels that of fellow architect William Augustus Bates. Barlow was first listed in New York and Brooklyn directories as an architect in 1877, thereafter with an office in Manhattan and residence in Brooklyn. Bates and Barlow were two of the founders (along with Thomas Hastings and Cass Gilbert, etc.) in 1879 of the Architectural Sketch Club, which became the Architectural League of New York the following year. A League publication in 1906 stated that “most of [the founders] were at that time in the employ of Herter Brothers,” one of the nation’s leading interior decoration firms. Bates (1853-1922), the son of a New Jersey lumber merchant, was born in Michigan, educated in Cleveland, and entered Herter Brothers as a draftsman in 1872, where he remained until around 1881, working on one of the most noteworthy commissions of the day -- the decoration of William H. Vanderbilt’s twin mansions (1879-82, Trench & Snook; demolished), Fifth Avenue and West 51st Street. Bates established his own architectural practice in 1882, which specialized in country estates, resort buildings, and suburban houses. He was one of the leading (if lesser known) East Coast proponents of the Queen Anne style (closely influenced by English architect Richard Norman Shaw), as well as the Shingle style. Both Bates and Barlow contributed designs to William T. Comstock’s publication American Cottages (1883), and numerous of Bates’s designs around the country were published in contemporary architectural periodicals, as were some of Barlow’s, including “Astonfield” (1882), a Queen Anne style country estate for Samuel Rhodes. Bates designed Wentworth Hall and Cottages (1881-89), a large resort complex in the White Mountains at Jackson, New Hampshire, as well as the Wentworth residence (1891-92); and at least five houses (1888-99) in the exclusive enclave of Tuxedo Park, New York. The wealthy pharmaceutical businessman and real estate developer William Van Duzer Lawrence (who founded Sarah Lawrence College in 1926), a friend of Bates from Michigan, hired him in 1890 as lead architect for the planned suburban community of Lawrence Park in Bronxville, New York. Bates moved here by 1893, and worked in the community until his death in 1922, including as a partner in the firm of Bates & [Kenneth G.] How after 1910. Bates’s houses (at least 35 of which are extant) were mostly in variants of the Shingle style.
The exact nature of the collaboration between Barlow and Bates is unknown, although they shared the same office address from 1885 until 1910, and an architectural directory listed them as “Barlow & Bates” in 1892. It is probable that Barlow performed work for Bates. They were also associated architects for the Mission Revival style Hotel Gramatan (1905; demolished) in Lawrence Park (which became Bates’s residence). New York’s Great Industries in 1884 had described Barlow as a partner in the firm of Charles W. Romeyn & Co., along with Arthur Jay Stever, working on projects such as Alfred Corning Clark’s enormous Dakota Stables building (1883; demolished) at Broadway and West 75th Street. There are not many known independent commissions of Alfred E. Barlow, though a few of them were prominent. He designed five rowhouses (1887) at 15-23 West 120th Street; the Ivy Club remodeling (1887; demolished), Princeton University; the Berkeley Lyceum (1887-88; demolished), 21 West 44th Street, a theater for amateur players; the Union Reformed Church of Highbridge (1887-88); the medieval chateau-inspired Samuel R. Smith Infirmary (1888-90), 101 Stanley Avenue, Staten Island; a stable/loft building (1891) at 19 Vestry Street; a neo-Federal style town house (1904) at 868 Lexington Avenue; and a store-and-loft building (1907) at 49 West 45th Street. In 1910, Barlow was living in Red Bank, New Jersey, he declared bankruptcy in 1916, he had moved by 1920 to Long Island City, and died in St. Petersburg, Florida.
Later History of the Church
A large stone parsonage was constructed nearby in 1890, which remained in use until 1925 – it was sold and moved down the block, extant today at No. 49 West 167th Street. Due to the growth of the congregation, utilitarian additions were made to the rear of the church (apparently in 1901 and 1913). Rev. Daniel G. Verway served as the pastor for thirty years, until 1946. The old chapel building was demolished for an ambitious educational building (Walter J. Campbell, architect) planned with quarters for the pastor and sexton and administrative offices – it was never completed and only a utilitarian two-story, brick-clad Sunday School building was constructed in 1924 at the eastern end of the church property (this structure and the easternmost 50 feet of the lot are excluded from this designation).
The 19th-century character of Highbridge, composed mostly of small homes, changed greatly with the construction of large apartment buildings in the 20th century, spurred in part by the Jerome Avenue elevated railroad in 1918 and the subway (with a stop at the Grand Concourse and 161st Street) in 1933. The Art Deco style Noonan Plaza Apartments (1931, Horace Ginsberg and Marvin Fine), bordering the church’s property to the south, is one of the premiere complexes in the neighborhood. After World War II, the southwest Bronx, including Highbridge and the area of the Grand Concourse, began to suffer a severe decline. The rapid de-industrialization of the city, increasing suburbanization, heavy-handed urban renewal policies, disinvestment by area landlords, and the redlining of much of the Bronx by local banks all contributed to the economic downturn of the area. The owners of Noonan Plaza defaulted in 1976, and during the 1970s, many apartment buildings were abandoned by their owners and were set on fire, and the neighborhood suffered a catalogue of ills until it began to stabilize in the 1980s. The demographic composition of the Highbridge neighborhood also underwent substantial changes. The area’s residents, largely of European Jewish extraction, began to move to suburban areas, and the west Bronx became a diverse urban community as African-Americans and Latin Americans settled here. By the 1980s, the neighborhood began to experience renewal, as seen by the rehabilitation of Noonan Plaza in 1980-82 for federally subsidized apartments. The former Union Reformed Church of Highbridge, now Highbridge Community Church (sharing its building with Emmanuel Presbyterian Church) stands as a poignant reminder of the earlier history of the Highbridge neighborhood, and is one of the most distinctive churches in the Bronx and New York City.
Description
Built of random-coursed, rockfaced gneiss ashlar with red sandstone trim, the Union Reformed Church of Highbridge is a one-story structure with a taller square bell tower at the southwest corner. The wide, steeply-pitched roof (originally covered by slate shingles, now asphalt shingles) terminates at the eastern end in a polygonal louvered cupola with a tall conical roof. West (Ogden Avenue) Facade: The west facade, rising from a stone foundation/retaining wall with a stone watertable, consists of the main body of the church with a steeply-pitched gable and three round-arched windows with voussoirs, connected to the bell tower by a tourelle with a conical roof (capped by roofing tiles) and a pierced parapet wall. The base of the tourelle was originally columnar, but was re-built battered. The three windows have geometric-patterned leaded stained glass (covered by plexiglass panels). The gable, tourelle, and tower are pierced by slit windows. A utility meter is attached to the base of the church.
The peak of the gable bears an historic ornamental wrought-iron cross. Tower: A cornerstone at the base of the tower bears the date “1888.” Each face of the top section of the tower (which contains an 1866 bell, from the earlier chapel) has large corner columns above a stone molding, two round sandstone arches (originally with louvers, many of which survive) supported by sandstone colonnettes, surmounted by a checkerboard-patterned spandrel and a corbelled stone cornice. The eaves are bracketed. The pyramidal roof of the tower was originally covered with slate shingles (now asphalt shingles); the base of the original ornamental weathervane is extant. South Facade: The main entrance is in the base of the tower, approached by three bluestone steps. The round-arched surround consists of a compound-molded sandstone arch, surmounted by rockfaced sandstone voussoirs, and supported by triple rockfaced sandstone columns with molded capitals, edged by quoins. There are non-historic wooden double doors.
The wooden tympanum is ornamented by carved foliation surrounding a circle. A small Gothic lantern hangs above the entrance. The main body of the church has stone buttresses alternating with round-arched windows with leaded stained glass (covered by metal-mesh grilles) and voussoirs. The east end flares out into a polygonal wing capped by a peaked polygonal roof that joins the main gable roof; a stone chimney rises from the juncture with this wing. There is a non-historic metal door in the basement at this end. North Facade: The north entrance, at the western end, is located in a pedimented portico, supported by bracketed stone piers, with grey slate shingle facing and a peaked roof. The round-arched entrance surround consists of a sandstone tympanum surmounted by double rows of rockfaced sandstone voussoirs, supported by triple rockfaced sandstone columns with molded capitals. The spandrel has stone corbels supporting a molded cornice. There are three bluestone steps and non-historic wooden double doors.
The main body of the church has stone buttresses alternating with round-arched windows with leaded stained glass (covered by metal-mesh grilles) and voussoirs. Two non-historic lanterns are placed next to the buttresses. The east end flares out into a polygonal wing capped by a peaked polygonal roof that joins the main gable roof. East Facade: The original east facade, clad in red brick, consists of the main central body of the church (now partly obscured) having a taller central pavilion with a hipped roof that rises to the polygonal louvered cupola, flanked by the polygonal wings. The central pavilion contains a Tiffany Glass Co. leaded stained-glass rose window (1889), composed of a geometric design with seven circular motifs (covered by a square metal-mesh grille). The southern polygonal wing has a paneled wooden door and a window (both covered with metal-mesh grilles). There are two utilitarian one-story additions (apparently 1901 and 1913), clad in brick (the northernmost is parged with concrete) and pierced by windows and a door.
Property Features: Along Ogden Avenue there is a stone post with non-historic wrought-iron gates, and an historic wrought-iron fence (with signage) atop the stone retaining wall to the north of church; and bluestone steps, stone posts, historic wrought-iron gates, and an historic wrought-iron fence atop the stone retaining wall to the south. On the south side are bluestone stairs (with iron railings) leading to the basement at the east end; bluestone stairs with cheek walls and wrought-iron railings leading to the entrance; a low rubble stone retaining wall bordering the lawn; and a flagstone and concrete walkway. On the north side are an asphalt driveway; a flagstone walkway by the church; and a yard. On the east side are an asphalt parking lot, yard, and a walkway.
- From the 2010 NYCLPC Landmark Designation Report
Canon AE1-Program
Canon FD 50mm, f1.4
Kodak Vision3 50D
Tetenal Colortec C41 kit
Reflecta RPS 10M
Colorperfect, Photoshop, Lightroom.
Pyongyang again, taken from the hotel. The city can be pretty deceptive. On the surface it looks quite developed, with the high-rise buildings and all. Take a closer look at the infrastructure and you'll realise how run down they are. The buildings look empty too. Our guide had an (official) explanation for this. The residential areas in Pyongyang are only partially occupied so that the South Koreans can move over to Pyongyang when reunification takes place.
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Home developed (sloppily in) D76
Epson v700 scan
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