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French banks should pay only 10 billion euros ($12.5 billion) of the 16 billion they are being asked to contribute to a proposed EU bailout fund, BNP Paribas chief executive Jean-Laurent Bonnafé said in an interview in Le Figaro on Saturday.
The size of contributions to the 55-billion-euro fund ...
www.ibusinesslines.com/bnp-ceo-french-banks-pay-two-third...
On Wednesday, November 28, 2018 COSI launched The Color of Science program recognizing the contributions of underrepresented groups, including women and persons of color, to modern science and engineering.
This evening featured the remarkable stories of today’s brightest scientists living in our community including Donna Bell, Director of Research and Innovation Lab Operations, Ford Motor Company; Will Burrus, Founder and CEO of Immersive; Dr. James Chen, Assistant Professor of Biomedical Informatics and Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University; Dr. Rebecca Thompson, Head of Public Outreach, American Physical Society; and one of our community’s youngest entrepreneurs, Te’Lario Watkins II, Founder of Tiger Mushroom Farms.
The life and contributions of Civil War hero and 19th U.S. President Rutherford B. Hayes was celebrated during a wreath laying ceremony at his tomb in Fremont, Ohio, Oct. 5, 2014.
The ceremony served as the capstone event for a weekend celebration at the Hayes estate which hosted more than a 1,000 visitors. The celebration included hundreds of Civil War era costumed re-enactors, period exhibits and re-enactment of the second Battle of Kernstown.
Army Reserve Brig. Gen. R.A. Bassford, deputy commanding general of the 88th RSC, officiated the ceremony on behalf of President Barrack Obama and paid tribute in his stead.
Opening the ceremony was Christie Weininger, Executive Director of the Hayes Presidential Center, who said Hayes was a man who was very much committed to his country and preserving the Union.
“…when war was becoming eminent, he and his wife Lucy talked a great deal about what he would do,” said Weininger. “This was a man in his late 30’s, a successful lawyer, a husband and father of three young children.”
“Answering that question,” said Weininger, “Hayes wrote that he would much rather enter this coming conflict and die than to live a long full life and had sat out during one of the most important events in our country’s history.”
Bassford continued the tribute by recalling to the audience stories drawn from Hayes’ lifetime of service to the Nation. Actions which still serve as an example for the leaders and service-members of today.
In 1864, then a Union Army General serving in the Civil War, Hayes was nominated to run for the House of Representatives and asked to return to Ohio in order to campaign. Having been in a number of battles and wounded twice, he refused the request, said Bassford.
“In a response to those who nominated him,” said Bassford, “Hayes wrote an officer fit for duty who at this crisis would abandon his post to electioneer for a seat in Congress ought to be scalped.”
“The key word here is duty,” said Bassford. “To do what you see as necessary, regardless of what your personal interest and desires might be – to place the greater good ahead of your own personal advantage.”
“Hayes refused to leave his post, ...but was elected to the House despite his refusal to campaign,” said Bassford. “Throughout his life he did well by doing what was right.”
“Hayes was a man who served his country honorably and well – a man who deserves our respect and admiration,” said Bassford.
*Learn more about President Rutherford B. Hayes by visiting www.rbhayes.org/hayes/president/
... and the Highway Church of St.Kilian.
www.autobahnkirche.de/-snm-0177507501-1285726331-00580000...
Thanks, Ned, for this title!:)
my contribution for a charity auction for the norwegian homeless street paper MEGAFON!
other artist involved: Dolk, Pøbel, Rene Gagnon, Bandit, Dr. D, A1one, Akay, Mogul, Terp, Orticanoodles, El Celso, Zeph Tahir, 108, Elyasaf Kowner, F-codes, Dan 23, Ripo, Nomad, Bonk, Jef Aerosol, Difusor, Funk 25, Clone, C6 and Luke Da Duke
The life and contributions of Civil War hero and 19th U.S. President Rutherford B. Hayes was celebrated during a wreath laying ceremony at his tomb in Fremont, Ohio, Oct. 5, 2014.
The ceremony served as the capstone event for a weekend celebration at the Hayes estate which hosted more than a 1,000 visitors. The celebration included hundreds of Civil War era costumed re-enactors, period exhibits and re-enactment of the second Battle of Kernstown.
Army Reserve Brig. Gen. R.A. Bassford, deputy commanding general of the 88th RSC, officiated the ceremony on behalf of President Barrack Obama and paid tribute in his stead.
Opening the ceremony was Christie Weininger, Executive Director of the Hayes Presidential Center, who said Hayes was a man who was very much committed to his country and preserving the Union.
“…when war was becoming eminent, he and his wife Lucy talked a great deal about what he would do,” said Weininger. “This was a man in his late 30’s, a successful lawyer, a husband and father of three young children.”
“Answering that question,” said Weininger, “Hayes wrote that he would much rather enter this coming conflict and die than to live a long full life and had sat out during one of the most important events in our country’s history.”
Bassford continued the tribute by recalling to the audience stories drawn from Hayes’ lifetime of service to the Nation. Actions which still serve as an example for the leaders and service-members of today.
In 1864, then a Union Army General serving in the Civil War, Hayes was nominated to run for the House of Representatives and asked to return to Ohio in order to campaign. Having been in a number of battles and wounded twice, he refused the request, said Bassford.
“In a response to those who nominated him,” said Bassford, “Hayes wrote an officer fit for duty who at this crisis would abandon his post to electioneer for a seat in Congress ought to be scalped.”
“The key word here is duty,” said Bassford. “To do what you see as necessary, regardless of what your personal interest and desires might be – to place the greater good ahead of your own personal advantage.”
“Hayes refused to leave his post, ...but was elected to the House despite his refusal to campaign,” said Bassford. “Throughout his life he did well by doing what was right.”
“Hayes was a man who served his country honorably and well – a man who deserves our respect and admiration,” said Bassford.
*Learn more about President Rutherford B. Hayes by visiting www.rbhayes.org/hayes/president/
“My daughter's teddy is on his last legs (too fragile for the washer) but at the same time is extremely filthy - yuck!! Teddy has had his bath and he looks great - no damage”.
Thanks for sending in your photos!
Read the full posting to learn how to bathe your teddy.
This is my contribution to the noble genre of unnecessary Flickr prize images. I have plans for a more ornate version, which will also feature, in part, a haloed mermaid and a topless storm trooper holding up a shield on which a glittering dolphin is jumping over a rainbow encircling the sun with an inscribed dewy Oscar statuette supported by Ganesh, a pile of precious gems, and a fiery five-headed eagle carrying a rampant white rhino with a crucifix bearing the emaciated body of Ansel Adams.
Tiatr Academy of Goa (TAG) celebrates the Birth Anniversary of Pai Tiatrist - Joao Agostinho Fernandes on 14th December every year. TAG presented Lifetime Contribution to Tiatr Awards to tiatr artistes who have contributed immensely towards the development of tiatr stage. 14 such tiatr personalities are felicitated at the hands of Hon’ble Minister for Art & Culture, Shri. Dayanand Mandrekar. Veteran tiatr artiste, Smt. Josefina Dias was the Guest of Honour.
14 awardees are:
Rita Rose, Succurine Fizardo, Marcelino de Betim, Premanand Sangodkar,
Francis Xavier Mendes, Theo Alvares, John Gracias, Joe de Cavelossim’
Caetano Goes, Vincent de Nagoa, Cruz de Sanvordem, Tony Martins,
Remedios Fernandes (Remmie) and Farriol Coutinho (F. Mickey)
Pai Tiatrist Hall, Margao 14th December 2014
Remie (of Rom Rem Rod)
Go to the Book with image in the Internet Archive
Title: Modern urology in original contributions by American authors, 2
Creator: Cabot, Hugh, 1872-
Publisher: Philadelphia, Lea [and] Febiger
Sponsor: MSN
Contributor: Gerstein - University of Toronto
Date: 1918
Vol: 2
Language: eng
Description: Bibliographies at end of most of the chapters
v. 1. General considerations. Diseases of penis and urethra. Diseases of scrotum and testicle. Diseases of prostate and seminal vesicles. - v. 2. Diseases of the bladder. Diseases of the ureter. Diseases of the kidney
14
If you have questions concerning reproductions, please contact the Contributing Library.
Note: The colors, contrast and appearance of these illustrations are unlikely to be true to life. They are derived from scanned images that have been enhanced for machine interpretation and have been altered from their originals.
Read/Download from the Internet Archive
April 11, 2015. Boston, MA.
Fenway Health Women's Dinner Party 2015.
Fenway Health is proud to present Judith B. Bradford, PhD, Director of the Center for Population Research in LGBT Health and Co-Chair of The Fenway Institute, with the Dr. Susan M. Love Award. Dr. Bradford is being honored for her longstanding commitment and contributions to the health of sexual and gender minorities.
© 2015 Marilyn Humphries
My contribution for the BigWood 08 exhibition this friday!
He's on fire, she's a chainsaw!FOR SALE: left-R300 right-R300
Go to Page with image in the Internet Archive
Title: Psychology of the unconscious : a study of the transformations and symbolisms of the libido : a contribution to the history of the evolution of thought
Creator: Jung, C. G. (Carl Gustav), 1875-1961
Creator: Hinkle, Beatrice M
Publisher: New York : Moffat, Yard and Co.
Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons and Harvard Medical School
Contributor: Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine
Date: 1916
Language: eng
Includes index
If you have questions concerning reproductions, please contact the Contributing Library.
Note: The colors, contrast and appearance of these illustrations are unlikely to be true to life. They are derived from scanned images that have been enhanced for machine interpretation and have been altered from their originals.
Read/Download from the Internet Archive
Photo Exhibition Inspiring Women - The vital contribution of Women in Law Enforcement in the ASEAN Region, 27 August 2020. Photo: UN Women/Ploy Phutpheng
Moderator James Bellini during the panel discussion about Norway's contribution and the Nordic pathways.
Photo: Technport/ Max Hallqvist
Location: Gwa’unao’a, Malaita, Solomon Islands
I conducted fieldwork among Kwara’ae migrants from Malaita island living in a squatter settlement at the periphery of Honiara, the capital city of Solomon Islands. The aim of my research was to investigate how they live their life between the island and the capital, which are very different in terms of culture. Kwara’ae migrants move between their culture and a multi-cultural setting, cash economy and subsistence, familiar places and alien spaces. As an anthropologist, for 12 months I lived with them, sharing cultural encounters, economic challenges, religious debates, and the moral dilemmas that emerge from living between ‘Home’ and Honiara.
Text and image© Rodolfo Maggio
Tiatr Academy of Goa (TAG) celebrates the Birth Anniversary of Pai Tiatrist - Joao Agostinho Fernandes on 14th December every year. TAG presented Lifetime Contribution to Tiatr Awards to tiatr artistes who have contributed immensely towards the development of tiatr stage. 14 such tiatr personalities are felicitated at the hands of Hon’ble Minister for Art & Culture, Shri. Dayanand Mandrekar. Veteran tiatr artiste, Smt. Josefina Dias was the Guest of Honour.
14 awardees are:
Rita Rose, Succurine Fizardo, Marcelino de Betim, Premanand Sangodkar,
Francis Xavier Mendes, Theo Alvares, John Gracias, Joe de Cavelossim’
Caetano Goes, Vincent de Nagoa, Cruz de Sanvordem, Tony Martins,
Remedios Fernandes (Remmie) and Farriol Coutinho (F. Mickey)
Pai Tiatrist Hall, Margao 14th December 2014
Sharon Mazarello
My contributions to the Child's Play Dinner Auction! One replica of the giraffe plush from the Last of Us, and one signed by the Naughty Dog crew
I am shocked to learn of the brutal killing of your husband Mohammad Mosharraf Hossain. His contribution to our liberation struggle will be remembered by everyone. May God give you the strength to bear this irreparable loss. May his soul rest in peace.
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Prime Minister of Bangladesh
4th February, 1974
This is my contribution to the "Stop It' show, 9/10/2011 at Munky King, Los Angeles. The theme of the show revolves around drawing awareness to bullying. I was honored to be asked by the curator, Super Cooper Berella, to participate and hope that my piece conveys a bit of the theme appropriately. This original sculpture was created from epoxy, polymer clay, metal and craft porcelain.
Here's the official press release:
"Cooper Berella (aka SuperCooper), a 12 year old artist, art collector, and supportive member of the art community, is curating his second art show at Munky King Gallery in Los Angeles. “Stop It!” opens on Saturday, September 10, 2011 from 6-10pm. The theme of the show is meant to draw awareness to bullying and cyberbullying. Cooper has confirmed over 70 artists from around the world to participate in the show. Paintings, drawings, custom toys, and prints expressing the artists’ view of bullying will be on display. Part of the proceeds from the show will be donated to GLIDE (Gays and Lesbians Initiating a Dialog for Equality) and CHIME Institute (an organization dedicated to inclusive education where kids of all abilities learn together). Artwork will be displayed at Munky King Gallery in Los Angeles."
Ms. Gillian Mellsop, UNICEF Representative to Ethiopia, signs Financial contribution agreement between Italy and UNICEF. The Italian Agency for Development Cooperation funded UNICEF with a total contribution of €500,000 to strengthen the civil registration system for children’s rights to identify in two regions of Ethiopia: Oromia and SNNPR, in collaboration with the respective regional Vital Events Registration Agencies (VERAs) ©UNICEF Ethiopia/2016/Zerihun Sewunet
My contribution to the John Scalzi Redshirts fan art contest. At least I got to practice my satin stitch!
Chapman-Jemmett Special Contribution Shield
Winner: Louise Jemmett Eisa
This award, as the name implies the winner is selected by the Chairman Eric and myself (Peter), both founders of the club. We ask for and receive nominations and it is always pleasing to receive names as this does show the level of commitment throughout the club, but it does make the picking one winner always harder – how do you decide between a team manager who devotes every week to his team or a parent who gives him that much needed help and support on match days or some-one who devotes time and effort in helping the club in many different ways. But again, I’m afraid we turned to the BBQ because it has become so vital to the club and generated much needed funds and Shafique is easily in the running again. But behind every great man there is a team of helpers and quietly turning that team into an efficient operation to keep up with the constant customer demand over the last 2 or 3 years, so much so that we have sold out way before the end of the fete - is Louise.
Louise last won an award for her fund raising efforts when she was 13 way back in 2000 so this probably overdue.
We shall be running the BBQ at Hazlemere Fete again this year and help is always welcome, please contact the club secretary for more details.
Members of the 1831 Society attended “Hamilton on the Road: Boston” Nov. 7 at the Boston Opera House. The event included a pre-show reception honoring Barbara-Jan Wilson, who will be retiring in December after 36 years of extraordinary service to Wesleyan. Guests then enjoyed the performance of Hamilton, the Tony-award winning musical from Lin-Manuel Miranda ’02 and Thomas Kail ’99. The 1831 Society recognizes leadership donors who make annual contributions of $1,831 or more, and volunteers who make extraordinary contributions of their time and talent.
Chris Kelly MP's contributions on combating metal theft during the Scrap Metal Dealers Bill public bill committee:
www.theyworkforyou.com/pbc/2012-13/Scrap_Metal_Dealers_Bi...
www.theyworkforyou.com/pbc/2012-13/Scrap_Metal_Dealers_Bi...
services.parliament.uk/bills/2012-13/scrapmetaldealers.html
Chris is founder & chairman of the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Combating Metal Theft
The Achievement and Contribution Awards at the Tarble Arts Center on the campus of Eastern Illinois University in Charleston, Illinois on November 15, 2021. (Femi Usikalu)
Tiatr Academy of Goa presented lifetime Contribution to Tiatr awards to 6 Tiatrists
1. Felicidade P Rebello Fernandes, Felcy
2. Luisinha Tomacina J Fernandes, Luiza
3. Luis Antonio E Rodrigues, Steve Rod
4. Joao Santana Fernandes, John (Light effects)
5. Pascoal F Aniceto Lourence, Aniceto
6. Joseph Constancio Rodrigues, Jose Rod
14th December 2021 at Pai Tiatrist Hall
Awards received at the hands of Sr. Tiatrist Premanand Sangodkar. TAG President Menino de Bandar, Vice Prez Mario Menezes, TAG MS Suresh Divkar, Pai Tiatrist's grand daughter Sharmila Fernandes are also seen in the group pic
Steve Rod not in the pic, got cut off
Remembrance Sunday, 10 November 2024
In the United Kingdom, Remembrance Sunday is held on the second Sunday in November, which is the Sunday nearest to 11 November, Armistice Day, the anniversary of the end of hostilities in the First World War at 11 a.m. on 11 November 1918. Remembrance Sunday is held to commemorate the contribution of British and Commonwealth military and civilian servicemen and women in the two World Wars and later conflicts.
Remembrance Sunday is marked by ceremonies at local war memorials in most cities, towns and villages, attended by civic dignitaries, ex-servicemen and -women, members of local armed forces regular and reserve units, military cadet forces and uniformed youth organisations. Two minutes’ silence is observed at 11 a.m. and wreaths of remembrance poppies are then laid on the memorials.
The United Kingdom national ceremony is held in London at the Cenotaph in Whitehall. Wreaths are laid by King Charles III, principal members of the Royal Family, the Prince of Wales, the Duke of Edinburgh and the Princess Royal, the Prime Minister, leaders of the other major political parties, the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, the Home Secretary, Commonwealth High Commissioners and representatives from the Royal Navy, Army and Royal Air Force, the Merchant Navy and Fishing Fleets and the civilian services, and veterans’ groups. In 2024 wreaths were laid by military officers on behalf of Queen Camilla, who did not attend due to illness but normally watches from a balcony, and the Duke of Kent, who viewed the ceremony from a balcony. Two minutes' silence is held at 11 a.m., before the laying of the wreaths. This silence is marked by the firing of a field gun on Horse Guards Parade to begin and end the silence, followed by Royal Marines buglers sounding Last Post.
Other members of the Royal Family watch from the balcony of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. In 2024 the Princess of Wales, the Duchess of Edinburgh, the Duke of Gloucester, the Duchess of Gloucester, the Duke of Kent and Vice Admiral Timothy Laurence watched from the balconies.
After the ceremony, a parade of veterans and other related groups, organised by the Royal British Legion, marches past the Cenotaph, each section of which lays a wreath as it passes. Only ticketed participants can take part in the march past.
From 1919 until the Second World War remembrance observance was always marked on 11 November itself. It was then moved to Remembrance Sunday, but since the 50th anniversary of the end of the Second World War in 1995, it has become usual to hold ceremonies on both Armistice Day and Remembrance Sunday.
Each year, the music at the National Ceremony of Remembrance remains the same, following a programme finalised in 1930:
Rule, Britannia! by Thomas Arne
Heart of Oak by William Boyce
The Minstrel Boy by Thomas Moore
Men of Harlech
The Skye Boat Song
Isle of Beauty by Thomas Haynes Bayly
David of the White Rock
Oft in the Stilly Night by John Stevenson
Flowers of the Forest
Nimrod from the Enigma Variations by Edward Elgar
Dido's lament by Henry Purcell
O Valiant Hearts by Charles Harris
Solemn Melody by Walford Davies
Last Post – a bugle call
Beethoven's Funeral March No. 1, by Johann Heinrich Walch
O God, Our Help in Ages Past – words by Isaac Watts, music by William Croft
Reveille – a bugle call
God Save The King
Other pieces of music are then played during the march past and wreath laying by veterans, starting with Trumpet Voluntary and followed by It's A Long Way To Tipperary, the marching song of the Connaught Rangers, a famous British Army Irish Regiment of long ago.
Following the end of the official service at the Cenotaph, a mammoth column more than 10,000-strong (some 9,000 of whom were veterans) began marching along Whitehall, saluting the Cenotaph as they passed, Parliament Street, Great George Street, Horse Guards Road and back to Horse Guard Parade. The Prince of Wales took the salute from the column on Horse Guards Parade.
In 2024 the column of veterans was led by the Royal Marines Association marking the 360th anniversary of their formation in 1664.
Organisations in the column of veterans are as follows:
Column A Royal Marines and Royal Navy
A1 Royal Marines Association
A2 Royal Naval Association
A3 Royal Fleet Auxiliary Association
A4 Merchant Navy Association National
A5 Fleet Air Arm Association
A6 Aircrewman’s Association
A7 Fleet Air Arm Royal Navy Photographers Association
A8 Royal Navy Medical Branch Ratings and Sick Berth Staff Association
A9 Association of Royal Yachtsmen
A10 HMS Tiger Association
A11 HMS Jupiter Association
A12 Submariners Association
A13 Queen Alexandra's Royal Naval Nursing Service Association
A14 Association of Wrens
A15 Fisgard Association (Artificer Training Establishment Torpoint)
A16 HMS Ganges Association
A17 Royal Naval Communications Association
A18 Royal Navy Physical Training Branch Association
A19 Mine Warfare Association
A20 Royal Navy Clearance Divers Association
A21 Aircraft Handlers Association Royal Navy
A22 AnyFace Association
A23 Fleet Air Arm Armourers Association
A24 Fleet Air Arm Buccaneer Association
A25 Sea Harrier Association
A26 Royal Navy Cloud Observers
A27 Fleet Air Arm Field Gun Association
A28 Fleet Air Arm Junglie Association
A29 Fleet Air Arm Officers Association
A30 Royal Navy Safety Equipment Survival Association
A31 Royal Navy Seaman Specialist Association
A32 Royal Navy Writers Association
A33 TON Class Association
A34 County Class Destroyer Association
A35 Type 21 Association
A36 Type 42 Association
A37 HMS Glasgow Association
A38 HMS Exeter Association
A39 Type 22 Association
A40 HMS Broadsword Association
A41 GLARAC Association (HMS Glorious, Ardent and Ancasta)
A42 HMS Bulwark, Albion & Centaur Association
A43 HMS Hermes Association
A44 HMS Ark Royal Association
A45 HMS Illustrious Association
A46 HMS Blake Association
A47 Fighting G Club, HMS Gloucester Survivor's Association
A48 HMS Ajax and River Plate Veterans' Association
A49 HMS Lowestoft Association
A50 HMS Plymouth
A51 HMS Andromeda Association
A52 HMS Argonaut Association
A53 HMS Ariadne Association
A54 HMS Scylla Association
A55 HMS Penelope Association
A56 Royal Naval Benevolent Trust
A57 Royal Navy Ex-Service Individuals
Column AA Special Veterans' Organisations
AA1 Blind Veterans
AA2 Combat Stress
AA3 BLESMA
AA4 Care for Veterans
AA5 Royal Hospital Chelsea
AA6 Royal Star and Garter
Column B Army, Infantry
B1 Fusilers Association
B2 Royal Northumberland Fusiliers
B3 Royal Anglian Regiment
B4 Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders
B5 Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment
B6 London Scottish Regimental Association
B7 Parachute Regimental Association
B8 Guards Parachute Association
B9 Grenadier Guards Association
B10 Coldstream Guards Association
B11 Scots Guards Association
B12 Irish Guards Association, Republic of Ireland Branch
B13 Welsh Guards Association
B14 Royal Regiment of Scotland
B15 Royal Scots Regimental Association
B16 Black Watch Association, London Branch
B17 Fraserburgh, Macduff & North East Gordon Highlanders Association
B18 Gordon Highlanders London Association
B19 King's Own Scottish Borderers' Association
B20 Queen's Own Highlanders' Association
B21 1st Battalion King's Own Royal Border Regiment
B22 East Surrey Reunion Association
B23 The Queen's Regiment
B24 Royal Hampshire Regimental Association
B25 The Royal Yorkshire Regimental Association
B26 Prince of Wales' Own (West and East Yorkshire) Regimental Association.
B27 Green Howards
B28 Cheshire Regiment Association
B29 Worcestershire & Sherwood Foresters Regimental Association
B30 Staffordshire Regiment
B31 Royal Welsh Comrades Association
B32 Combined Irish Regiments Association
B33 Regimental Association of the Royal Irish Regiment in Northern Ireland
B34 Ulster Defence Regiment Association
B35 Rifles Office
B36 Rifles Regimental Association
B37 Rifles and Royal Gloucestershire, Berkshire and Wiltshire Regiment Regimental Association
B38 Devon and Dorset Regiment Association
B39 1 LI Association
B40 Durham Light Infantry Association
B41 Royal Green Jackets
B42 Rifles, Light Infantry and King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry Association
B43 Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) & Family Association
B44 The London Regiment Association
Column C Army, Cavalry, Armoured and Support Corps
C1 The Life Guards Association
C2 The Blues and Royals Association
C3 Royal Pioneers Corps Association
C4 Beachley Old Boys Association
C5 Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps Association
C6 The Royal Corps of Army Music
C7 Northern Ireland Veterans' Association
C8 3rd Regiment Royal Horse Artillery Past and Present Members Association
C9 Regimental Home Headquarters 1st Queen's Dragoon Guards
C10 Royal Scots Dragoon Guards
C11 Home Headquarters Royal Dragoon Guards
C12 Queen's Royal Hussars Regimental Association
C13 Royal Lancers (Queen Elizabeth's Own)
C14 The Queen's Royal Lancers Old Comrades Association
C15 16th/5th Queen's Royal Lancers OCA
C16 17th/21st Lancers (Death or Glory Boys) Veterans
C17 King's Royal Hussars Regimental Association
C18 Light Dragoons Regimental Association
C19 Reconnaissance Corps Association
C20 Parachute Squadron Royal Armoured Corps
C21 Royal Artillery Association
C22 Special Observers' Association
C23 Royal Engineers Association
C24 36 Engineer Regiment Veterans
C25 Royal Engineers Bomb Disposal Association
C26 Airborne Engineers Association
C27 Royal Signals Association
C28 Army Air Corps
C29 7 Regiment AAC(V) Association
C30 Glider Pilot Regiment Society
C31 656 Squadron Army Air Corps Association
C32 Royal Logistics Corps Association
C33 Royal Army Ordnance Corps Association
C34 Royal Army Service Corps & Royal Corps of Transport Association
C35 Army Catering Corps Association
C36 Association of Ammunition Technicians
C37 Royal Army Medical Corps Association
C38 Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers Association
C39 Arborfield Old Boys Association
C40 Adjutant General's Corps Association
C41 Military Provost Staff Association
C42 Royal Army Educational Corps
C43 Royal Military Police Association
C44 Royal Army Pay Corps Regimental Association
C45 Royal Army Veterinary Corps Association
C46 Army Dog Unit Northern Ireland (Royal Army Veterinary Corps) Association
C47 Royal Army Dental Corps Association
C48 Intelligence Corps Association
C49 Royal Army Physical Training Corps
C50 Women's Royal Army Corps Association
C51 The Royal Yeomanry
C52 Allied Command Europe Mobile Force
C53 Gurkha Brigade Association
C54 Media Operations Group
C55 British Gurkha Welfare Society
C56 British Fijian Veterans and Families
C57 The Junior Tradesmen's Regiment
C58 Hong Kong Military Service Corps Veterans
C59 Army Ex-Service Individuals
Column D Royal Air Force
D1 Royal Air Forces Association
D2 6 Squadron (Royal Air Force) Association
D3 No 7 Squadron Association
D4 9 Squadron Association RAF
D5 18 (B) Squadron Association
D6 202 Squadron Association
D7 84 Squadron Association
D8 RAF Yatesbury Association
D9 33 Squadron Association RAF
D10 Harrier Force Association
D11 Air Loadmaster Association
D12 8 Squadron Association RAF
D13 31 Squadron Association
D14 100 Squadron Association
D15 617 Squadron Association
D16 237 OCU Association
D17 is 216 Squadron (RAF) Association
D18 II(AC) Squadron Royal Air Force
D19 WAAF WRAF RAF(W) Association
D20 Women's Royal Air Force Branch of the Royal Air Forces Association
D21 Royal Air Force Police Association
D22 RAFA Caduceus Branch 1373
D23 Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Association
D24 RAF Survival Equipment Association
D25 RAF Music Services Association
D26 RAF and Defence Services Fire Association
D27 RAF Catering Association
D28 Royal Air Forces Association Armourers Association
D29 RAF Trade Group 11 Association
D30 RAF Trade Group 6
D31 Federation of RAF Apprentices and Boy Entrants Association
D32 RAF Engineering and Airfield Construction Branch Association
D33 Flight Engineers and Air Engineers Association
D34 RAF Locking TG3 Association
D35 RAF C-130 Aircraft Ground Engineers Association
D36 RAF Regiment Association
D37 RAF Ex-Prisoners of War Association
D38 1370 Global Branch RAFA
D39 Royal Observer Corps Association
D40 Canopy Club Association
D41 RAF Mountain Rescue Association
D42 Air Sea Rescue & Marine Craft Section Club (RAF)
D43 Coastal Command and Maritime Air Association
D44 RAF Servicing Command and Tactical Supply Wing Association
D45 RAF Movements Association
D46 RAF Linguists' Association
D47 RAF Masirah/RAF Salalah Veterans Association
D48 RAF Physical Education Association
D49 RAF Ex-Service Individuals
Column E Other Veterans Organisations
E1 Spirit of Normandy Trust
E2 Monte Cassino Society
E3 Italy Association 1939 - 1945
E4 Burma Star Memorial Fund
E5 Chindit Society
E6 Commando Society
E7 UK Afghanistan Veterans Community
E8 MERT Club
E9 CASEVAC Club
E10 Royal British Legion
E11 Royal British Legion Scotland
E12 Corps of Commissionaires
E13 Union Jack Club
E14 National Malaya & Borneo Veterans Association
E15 Malayan Volunteers Group
E16 Aden Veterans' Association
E17 South Atlantic Medal Association
E18 National Gulf Veterans and Families Association
E19 British Nuclear Test Veterans Association
E20 Legacy of the Atomic Bomb Recognition for Atomic Test Survivors
E21 British West India Regiments Heritage Trust
E22 Gallantry Medallists' League
E23 King's Volunteer Medal Reserves Association
E24 National Association of Retired Police Officers
E25 Metropolitan Police Armed Forces Veterans Association
E26 International Police Association
E27 The Coastguard Association
E28 Naval Canteen Service and Expeditionary Force Institutes Association
E29 Stoll
E30 Not Forgotten Association
E31 Forces Employment Charity
E32 Armed Forces Veterans Breakfast Club
E33 Devon and Cornwall Armed Forced Veterans Clubs
E34 Norfolk and Suffolk Foundation Trust Veterans Wellbeing Support Group
E35 Care After Combat
E36 HMP Risley Veterans
E37 HM Body of Yeoman Warders of the Tower of London
E38 King's Body Guard of the Yeomen of the Guard
E39 Trucial Oman Scouts Association
E40 15 Psychological Operations Group Black & White Association
E41 South African Legion - UK & Europe
E42 AJEX The Jewish Military Association
E43 Fellowship of the Services 2015
E44 Veterans - War Veterans of the Czech Republic
E45 Hong Kong Ex-Servicemen's Association (UK Branch)
E46 Bond van Wapenbroeders
E47 Memorable Order of Tinhats
E48 Circuit of Service Lodges
E49 Sight Scotland Veterans (formerly Scottish War Blinded)
Column F Widows and Childrens' Organisations
F1 War Widows' Association
F2 Royal Navy and Royal Marines Widows' Association
F3 Army Widows' Association
F4 RAF Widows's Association
F5 Scotty's Little Soldiers
F6 Civilians Killed by Enemy Action Memorial
F7 Children and Families of Far East Prisoners of War
Column R Civilian Organisations
R1 Transport for London
R2 Commonwealth War Graves Commission
R3 First Aid Nursing Yeomanry
R4 Royal National Lifeboat Institution
R5 Gallipoli Association
R6 Gallipoli & Dardanelles International
R7 Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
R8 Blue Cross
R9 PDSA
R10 Civil Defence Association
R11 St Nazaire Society
R12 British Evacuees Association
R13 Women's Royal Voluntary Services / Royal Voluntary Services
R14 The Royal NAAFI
R15 Toc H
R16 Royal Ulster Constabulary GC Association
R17 Metropolitan Special Constabulary
R18 Norfolk Constabulary Ceremonial Association
R19 Post Office Fellowship of Remembrance CIC
R20 St John Ambulance
R21 British Red Cross
R22 St Andrew's First Aid
R23 Munitions Workers Association
R24 Royal Antediluvian Order of Buffaloes
R25 Royal Antediluvian order of Buffaloes Grand Lodge of England Limited
R26 Salvation Army
R27 British Resistance - Coleshill Auxiliary Research Team
R28 National Association of Round Tables of Great Britain and Ireland
R29 National Association of Tangent Clubs
R30 Fighting with Pride
R31 SSAFA, The Armed Forces Charity
R32 Help for Heroes
R33 Polish Contingent
R34 Canadian Veterans
R35 Royal Canadian Legion
R36 Foreign Legion Association of Great Britain
R37 ENSA Memorial
R38 MOD Civilian Support to Operations
R39 Showmen's Guild of Great Britain
R40 Association of Ex-Round Tablers' Clubs
R41 The National Association of Ladies Circles GB&I
Column Y Youth Organisations
Y1 Sea Cadets
Y2 Army Cadets
Y3 RAF Air Cadets
Y4 Combined Cadet Forces
Y5 Volunteer Police Cadets
Y6 Fire Cadets
Y7 St John Ambulance
Y8 The Scout Association
Y9 Girlguiding
Y10 Boys Brigade
Y11 Girls' Brigades Ministries
Y12 Church Lads' and Church Girls' Brigade
Y13 Jewish Lads' and Girls' Brigade
Y14 YMCA
Musician and composer.
"Giuseppe Tartini (1692-1770) was an Italian Baroque composer and violinist renowned for his technical virtuosity and contributions to violin technique and theory. He is sometimes called "the godfather of modern violin playing."
Key aspects of his life and career:
Early Life and Education: Tartini was born in Pirano, Istria (now Piran, Slovenia). He initially pursued studies in divinity and law at the University of Padua but secretly married and fled to a monastery to escape prosecution.
Musical Development: While in the monastery, he focused on his violin studies and composition. He later became the director of the orchestra in the Basilica of St. Anthony in Padua.
Violin School: In 1728, he founded the "Scuola di Nazioni" violin school in Padua, which attracted students from across Europe. His teaching method emphasized clarity, beautiful sound, and expressive nuance, and his bowing technique became a model for later violinists.
Compositions: Tartini composed extensively for the violin, including concertos and sonatas. His most famous work is the "Devil's Trill Sonata" (Violin Sonata in G minor), which is known for its technically demanding passages. According to legend, Tartini was inspired to write it after a dream where the Devil played the violin with extraordinary virtuosity.
Theoretical Contributions: He also made contributions to music theory, discovering the difference tone and formulating principles of harmony.
Influences: Tartini's work reflected influences from both Italian and Slavonic folk music and dances.
Tartini is considered one of the greatest violinists and composers of the 18th century, alongside figures like Vivaldi and Veracini. His legacy continues to influence violinists today, inspiring both technical skill and emotional expression in performance."
[G AI]
P3170224
TARTINI
from NOUVELLETTES OF THE MUSICIANS.
By MRS. E. F. ELLET,
AUTHOR OF “THE WOMEN OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION.”
NEW YORK:
CORNISH, LAMPORT & Co., PUBLISHERS.
ST. LOUIS:—Mc CARTNEY & LAMPORT.
1851 [Public Domain]
"It was late one evening in the summer of 171-, that a party of wild young students at law in the University of Padua were at supper in the saloon of a restaurateur of that city. The revelry had been prolonged even beyond the usual time; much wine had been drunk; and the harmony and good feeling that generally prevailed during their convivial meetings had been interrupted by furious altercation between two of their number. As is almost always the case, the rest took sides with one or other of the disputants; all rose from table; high words were exchanged, and a scene of confusion and tumult was likely to ensue, when the offenders were imperiously called to order by one of their number. He was evidently young; but his slender limbs were firmly knit, and his form, though slight, so well proportioned as to give promise both of activity and strength beyond his years.
“For shame!” he cried, angrily, after producing a momentary silence by a vigorous thump on the table; “are you but a set of bullies, that you stand here pitching hard words at each other, and calling all the neighborhood to see how valiant we can be with our tongues? Fetch me him that can swear loudest, and give us space for our swords!”
Here the clamor was redoubled by all at once explaining, and contradicting each other.
The first speaker struck the table again till all the glasses rang.
“Have done,” he cried, “with this disgraceful uproar, or San Marco! I will fight you all myself—one by one!”
This threat was received with cries of “Not me—Giuseppe!”[Pg 22] and after a few moments, the two disputants stood forth, separated from their companions. A space was speedily cleared for the combat.
The combatants needed no urging; but scarcely was the clashing of their swords heard, when Pedrillo, the restaurateur, ran in, followed by his servants, and with a face pale with terror protested against his house being made the scene of riot and bloodshed. It would be his ruin, he averred; he should be indicted by the civil authorities; he should be banished the country; he could never again show his face in Padua! If young gentlemen would kill one another there were places enough for such a purpose besides a reputable establishment like his; and with ludicrous rapidity enumerating the localities resorted to by duellists of the city, he besought them with piteous entreaties to transfer themselves elsewhere, offering even to remain minus the expenses of their supper. But Pedrillo’s solicitations had little effect on the wilful young men, till backed by threats that he would call the guard. Most of them had known what it was to fall into the hands of the police for midnight disturbances, and duels were favorite pastimes among the students of the University; so that immediately on the disappearance of Pedrillo’s servant, the whole party precipitately left the house. First, however, Giuseppe, the one who had recommended a resort to the duel, laid the amount of the reckoning on the table.
As the party turned the corner of a narrow street, they came close upon a carriage, attended by several servants. At this sudden encounter with so many half intoxicated and noisy students, recognised by their dress and well known to be always ready for any deed of mischief, the attendants fled in every direction. The horses caught the alarm, and, wild with fright, plunged, reared, and set off at full speed down the street. A shout of laughter from the revellers, who thought it capital sport to see the dismay created at sight of them, greeted the ears of the terrified inmates of the carriage. But Giuseppe sprang forward, and at the peril of his life, threw himself upon the horses’ necks, pulling[Pg 23] the bits with such violence as to check them at once. The animals, quivering with fear, stood still; the coachman recovered his control over them; and Giuseppe, opening the door, assisted an elderly gentleman, very richly dressed, to alight, and inquired kindly if he had suffered injury.
“I have only been alarmed;” replied the gentleman, carefully adjusting his dress, and drawing his cloak about him. “But my daughter”—
Giuseppe had already lifted from the carriage the nearly lifeless form of a young girl. As the lamp-light fell upon her face, he could see it was one of matchless beauty.
“My Leonora!” exclaimed the father, in a tone of anxious apprehension. The young girl opened languidly a pair of beautiful dark eyes, started up, gazed with an expression of surprise upon the young student who had been supporting her, then threw herself into her father’s arms. With an expression of joy that she had recovered from her fright, the gentleman ordered his servants, who had returned when the danger was over, to procure another conveyance. This was immediately done; and turning to Giuseppe, he thanked him with lofty courtesy for the service he had rendered, and invited him to call next day at the house of the Count di Cornaro, in the Prado della Valle.
All night wild thoughts were busy in the brain of the young student. Never had such a vision of loveliness dawned upon him. And who was she? One elevated by fortune and rank so far above him that she would regard him but as the dust beneath her feet. As he had seen her in her delicate white drapery, like floating silver, her hair bound with pearls, she had moved, in some princely palace, among the nobles of the land. Many had worshipped; many had doubtless poured forth vows at her feet. How would she look upon one so poor and lowly? Giuseppe heaved a bitter sigh, but he resolved nevertheless to love her, and only her, for the rest of his life. A new sensation was born within him. He had hitherto cared only for frolic and revel and fighting; had been known only as Giuseppe, the mad student; the mover[Pg 24] and leader in all mischief; a perfect master of his weapon, and the most skilful fencer in Padua. So great was his passion for fencing, and so astonishing the skill he had acquired in the art, that the most finished adepts in that noble science were frequently known to resort to him for lessons. So fond was he, moreover, of exhibiting this accomplishment, that he shunned no opportunity of exercising it at the expense of his acquaintances. Many were the duels in which he had been engaged; whether on his own account or for the sake of his friends, it mattered little. His love of fighting was as well known as the fact that few could hope to come off victorious in a strife with him; and this may account for the ascendancy he evidently had over his companions, their unwillingness to chafe his humor, and submission to the imperious tone in which he was wont to address them.
Of late, disgusted with the study of law, to which he had been consigned by his parents as a last resort—their first wish having been that he should embrace a monastic life—he had adopted the resolution of leaving Padua, of taking up his abode in one of the great capitals, and pursuing the profession of a fencing-master. Thus he would have opportunity for the cultivation of his favorite science, and at the same time would be unfettered by the control of others, a yoke galling beyond measure to his impatient spirit. Already he had announced this determination to his fellow students, and waited only a favorable opportunity to effect his escape from the University.
How often are the plans of a human mind changed by the slightest accident! How many fortunes have been made or marred by occurrences so trivial that they would have passed unnoticed by ordinary observation! How many events of importance have depended on causes at the first view scarce worth the estimation of a hair! In the present instance, the Count di Cornaro’s horses taken fright cost a capital fencing-master, and gave the world—a Tartini!
In due time next day, Giuseppe appeared in the Prado della[Pg 25] Valle. As he was about to ascend the steps of the noble mansion belonging to the Count di Cornaro, a window above was hastily thrown open, and a rose fell at his feet. Glancing upward, he caught a glimpse of the bright face of Leonora; she smiled, and vanished from the window. The youth raised the flower, pressed it to his lips, and hid it in his bosom.
At the door, the porter received him as one who had been expected, and ushered him into a splendidly furnished apartment. The marble tables were covered with flowers; a lute lay on one of them; the visitor took it up, not doubting that it belonged to the beautiful Leonora, and while waiting for the Count, played several airs with exquisite skill.
“By my faith! you have some taste in music!” cried Cornaro, who had entered unperceived, as he finished one of the airs. The young man laid down the instrument, embarrassed, and blushing deeply, stammered an apology for the liberty he had taken.
“Nay, I excuse you readily, my young friend,” said the Count, cordially—extending his hand. Then motioning him to a seat, he asked his name.
“Giuseppe Tartini.”
“A native of Padua?”
“No; I was born at Pisano, in Istria.”
“Your business here?”
“I am a student at law, in the University.”
The speaker colored again; for he had suddenly become anxious to obtain the Count’s good opinion.
“And where,” asked Cornaro, after a pause, “did you acquire your knowledge in music?”
“You are pleased, Signor,” replied the youth, modestly, and bending his eyes to the ground, “to commend what is indeed not worthy—”
“Allow me judgment, if you please,” interrupted the Count, sharply. “I am myself skilled in the art. I ask, where did you receive instruction?”
“I took some lessons at Capo d’ Istria,” answered Giuseppe,[Pg 26] “when very young; my parents had placed me there to be educated for the church; and I found music a great solace in my seclusion.”
“The church! and why have you changed your pursuits?”
“I could not, Signor, conscientiously devote myself to a religious life—when I knew myself in no way fitted for it.”
“I understand; you wished to act a part in the world; you were right. Your parents were wrong to decide for you prematurely. I like your frankness and simplicity, Giuseppe. You may look upon me as a friend.”
This was said in the lofty tone of a patron. The young man bowed in apparent humility and gratitude.
“You rendered me a service last night, at great risk to yourself—ay, and some injury, too!” Here he noticed, for the first time, a slight wound on the cheek of his young visitor.
“Oh, it is nothing, Signor!” cried Giuseppe, really embarrassed that so slight a hurt should be alluded to.
“You may esteem it such, but I do not forget that I owe you thanks for your timely aid; nor do I fail to observe that you are modest as brave. I perceive, also, that you have talents, and lack, perhaps, the means of cultivating them. In such a case, you will not find me an ungenerous patron. In what way can I assist you now?”
Tartini made no reply, for his head was full of confused ideas. His former purposes and plans were wholly forgotten. The Count remarked his embarrassment, and graciously gave him permission to go home for the present and consider what he had said.
The young man lingered a moment before the door, and stole a glance upward, hoping to see once more the angelic face that had smiled upon him; but the window was closed and all was silent. He departed with a feeling of sadness and disappointment at his heart. He knew not how powerful an advocate he had in the bosom of the maiden herself. Under the sun of Italy love is a plant that springs up spontaneously; and the handsome face and form of the youth who had perilled his life to save her from harm[Pg 27] had already impressed deeply the fancy of the susceptible girl. Unseen herself, she watched his departure from her father’s house; and, impelled by something more than mere feminine curiosity, immediately descended to know the particulars of his visit. It was to be supposed that her woman’s wit could point out some way in which the haughty Count could discharge his obligation to the humble student. And she failed not to suggest such a way.
Two days after, Giuseppe was surprised by a message from the Count di Cornaro, proposing that he should become his daughter’s tutor in music, and offering a liberal salary. With what eagerness, with what trembling delight he accepted the offer! How did his heart beat, as he strove in the Count’s presence to conceal the wild rapture he felt, under a semblance of respect and downcast humility! How resolutely did he turn his eyes from the face of his beautiful pupil, lest he should become quite frantic with his new joy, and lest the passion that filled his breast should betray itself in his looks! As if it were possible long to conceal it from the bewitching object!
It was a day in spring. The soft air, laden with the fragrance of flowers, stole in at the draperied windows of Cornaro’s princely mansion, and rustled in the leaves of the choice plants ranged within. In the apartment to which we before introduced the reader, sat a fair girl, holding a book in her hand, but evidently too much absorbed in melancholy thought to notice its contents. She was reclining upon a couch in an attitude of the deepest dejection. Her face was very pale, and bore the traces of recent tears. As the bell rang, and the door was opened by the domestic, she started up and clasped her hands with an expression of the most lively alarm. But when a young man, apparently about twenty years of age, entered the room, she ran towards him, and throwing herself into his arms, wept and sobbed on his bosom.
[Pg 28]
“Leonora! my beloved!” cried the youth; “For heaven’s sake, tell me what has happened!”
“Oh, Giuseppe!” she answered, as soon as she could speak for weeping, “We are lost! My father has discovered all!”
“Alas! and his anger has not spared thee!”
“No—Giuseppe! He has pardoned me; thou art the destined victim! Stay—let me tell thee all—and quickly; for the moments are precious! The Marchese di Rossi, thou knowest, has sought my hand. He saw thee descend last night from my window.”
“He knows, then, of our secret marriage?”
“No—he knows nothing; but seeing thee leave my chamber at night, he gave information this morning to my uncle, the Bishop.”
“The villain! he shall rue this!” muttered Tartini, grasping the hilt of his weapon.
“Oh, think not of punishing him! it will but ruin all! Fly—fly—before my uncle——”
“Tell me all that has happened.”
“This only—the Bishop revealed what he knew to my father; I was summoned to his presence scarce an hour since. He reproached me with what he called the infamy I had brought upon his house. I could not bear his agony—Giuseppe! I confessed myself thy wedded wife!”
“Thou wast right—my Leonora! and then?”
“He refused to believe me! I called Beatrice, who witnessed our marriage, with her husband. My father softened; I knelt at his feet, and implored forgiveness.”
“And he?” asked Tartini, breathlessly.
“He pardoned me—he embraced me as his daughter; but required me to renounce thee forever.”
The young man dropped the hand he had held clasped in his.
“Wilt thou—Leonora?” he asked.
“Never—Giuseppe!”
“Beloved! let us go forth; I will claim thee in the face of the world.”
[Pg 29]
“Nay, my husband—listen to me! I have seen our friend, the good Father Antonio—and appealed to him in my distress. He counsels wisely. Thou must leave Padua, and that instantly! My father’s anger is not to be dreaded so much as that of my haughty uncle, who would urge him to all that is fearful. They would sacrifice thee—Giuseppe! Oh, thou knowest not the pride of our house! They would shrink from no deed—”
Here the speaker shuddered—and her fair cheek grew pale as death.
“I have no fears for myself—Leonora. They cannot sever the bonds of the church that united us; my own life I can defend.”
“Ah, thou knowest them not! the dungeon—the rack—the assassin’s knife—all will be prepared for thee. As thou lovest me, fly!” And gliding from his embrace, she sank down at his feet.
“Forsake thee—my wife! Abandon thee to the Cardinal’s vengeance—”
“I have naught to fear from him. Oh, hear Antonio’s advice! When thou art gone, the Bishop’s anger will abate. A few months may restore thee to me. Go—Giuseppe: there is safety in flight—to stay is certain death! Must Leonora entreat in vain?”
Their interview was interrupted by Beatrice, the nurse, who came in haste to warn Tartini that her master, with his brother the Bishop of Padua, was approaching the house, and that they were accompanied by several armed servants. There could now be no doubt of their intentions towards the offender. He comprehended at once, that even the forbearance the Count had shown his daughter had been dictated by a wish to secure his person. To stay would be utter madness; and yielding to the passionate entreaties of his young wife, he clasped her for the last time to his heart, pressed a farewell kiss on her forehead, and was gone before his pursuers entered the house.
That night, while the emissaries of the Bishop of Padua were searching the city, with orders to arrest the fugitive, and to cut[Pg 30] him down without mercy should he resist, Tartini, disguised in a pilgrim’s dress, was many miles on the way towards Rome.
More than two years after the occurrence of this scene, one evening in the winter of 1713, the Guardian of the Minors’ Convent at Assisi was conversing with the organist, Father Boëmo, on the subject of one of the inmates, whom Boëmo had taken under his peculiar care.
“The youth is a relative of mine,” continued the Guardian; “but considerations of humanity alone moved me to grant him an asylum, when, poor, persecuted and homeless, he threw himself on my compassion. Since then his conduct has been such as to secure my favor, and the respect of all the brethren.”
“In truth it has,” said Boëmo, warmly. “And believe me, brother, you will have as good reason to be proud of him as a kinsman, as I of my pupil. It is my knowledge of his worth that causes me such pain at his loss of health.”
“The wearing of grief, think you?”
“Not wholly. His anxiety for the safety of his wife was set at rest long ago by intelligence of her welfare. He knows well that the only daughter of so proud a house must be dear to her kinsmen—even by their unwearied efforts to discover his retreat. And I have taught him to solace the pains of absence.”
“Fears he still the Bishop’s resentment?”
“Oh, no; these convent walls are secure, and his secret well guarded, since only in your keeping and mine. His enemies may ransack Italy; they will never dream of finding him here.”
“What is the source, then, of his depression?”
“It is a mystery to me. I have marked it growing for weeks. And sure I am, it is not weariness of the solitude of this abode. Since his spirits rose from the sadness of his first misfortunes—since he breathed the air of comparative freedom, and joined in the exercises of our pious brethren, Giuseppe has been a changed man. Sorely hath he been tried in the furnace of affliction, and[Pg 31] he hath come forth pure gold. The religious calm of this retreat has taught him reflection and moderation. His past sorrow has chastened his spirit; the holy example of the brethren has nourished in his breast humility and resignation and piety. The ardent aspirations of his nature are now directed to the accomplishment of those great things for which Heaven has destined him. Never have I known so unwearied, so devoted a student.”
“With your training and good counsel, brother, he might well love study,” said the Guardian, with a smile.
“Nay, brother,” replied Boëmo, modestly, “I have but directed him in the cultivation of his surprising genius for music. And you know he excels on the violin. It is for that he seems to have a passion—a passion that I fear is consuming his very life.”
They were interrupted by one of the brethren, who had some business with the Guardian; and Father Boëmo proceeded to the cell of his pupil, whom he was to accompany to vespers.
He found the object of his care seated by his table, on which he leaned in a melancholy reverie. His form was emaciated; his face so pale that the good monk, who had seen him but a few hours before, was even startled at the increased evidence of indisposition. His violin was thrown aside neglected—strongest possible proof of the malady of one who had worshipped music with an idolatry bordering on madness.
Boëmo laid his hand kindly on his pupil’s shoulder, and said, in a tone of mild reproof—“Giuseppe!”
The young man made no reply.
“This is not well, my brother!” continued the worthy organist. “The gifts of God are not to be thus slighted; we offend Him by our despondency, which, save abuse of power, is the worst ingratitude.”
“It is your fault!” said the youth, bitterly, and looking up.
“Mine—and how?”
Giuseppe hesitated.
“How am I to blame for this sinful melancholy you indulge?”
[Pg 32]
“Your lessons have given me knowledge.”
“And does knowledge bring sorrow?”
“Saith not your creed thus? Since Adam tasted the fruit—”
“Of a knowledge forbidden.”
“So is all knowledge—of things higher than we can attain to. To aspire—and never reach—that is the misery of humanity.” And the speaker again buried his face in his hands.
“I understand you, my brother;” said Boëmo, after a pause. “I have been to blame in suffering you to pursue your studies in solitude. Knowing nothing of the outer world, you have wrought but in view of that ideal which, to every true artist, becomes more glorious and inaccessible as he gazes—as he advances. You despond, because you have labored in vain after perfection. Is it not so?”
“I have mistaken myself;” answered Tartini; “you have mistaken me. It was cruel in you to persuade me I was an artist.”
“And who tells you you are not?”
“My own judgment—my own heart.”
“It deceives you, then.”
“It does not,” cried Tartini, with sudden energy, and starting up with such violence that the worthy monk was alarmed. “It is you who have deceived me. You have taught me to flatter myself; to imagine I could accomplish something; to thirst for what was never to be mine. You have pointed me to a goal toward which I have toiled and panted—in vain—while it receded in mockery. You have given me wishes which are to prove my everlasting curse. Yes,”—he continued, striking his forehead, “my curse. What doom can be more horrible than mine?”
“You have but passed,” answered Boëmo, mildly, “though the trial of every soul gifted by Heaven with a true perception of the great and the beautiful.”
“It is not so,” exclaimed his pupil, passionately. “I have striven to soar—and fallen to the earth, never more to rise. I have dreamed myself the favorite of art—and awaked to find myself[Pg 33] outcast and scorned. My soul is dead within me. You must have foreseen this. Why prepare such anguish for one already the victim of misfortune?”
“Young man,” said the organist, impressively, “this feeling is morbid. I will not reason with you now; come with me, and let us see what change of subject——”
“Ay,” muttered Tartini, his face distorted, “to show the brethren what you have done; that they, too, may mock at me! I see them now—”
“Holy Mother! what ails you, my son?” cried Boëmo, much alarmed at the wild looks of his pupil.
“You will deem me mad, good father;” said Giuseppe in an altered voice, and grasping the monk’s arm; “but I swear to you—’tis the truth. I see them every night!”
“See whom?”
“The spirits—the demons, who come to mock at me! They range themselves around my cell—and grin and hiss at me in devilish scorn. As soon as it is dark they throng hither. See—they are coming now! stealing through the window——”
“My brother! my brother! is it come to this?” cried Boëmo in a tone of anguish.
“Sometimes,” said his pupil, “I have thought it but an evil dream. I strove against it till I knew too well it was no delusion of fancy.”
“Why—why did I not know of this before?”
“It was needless. I would not grieve you, father. Besides—I would not have the demons think I sought aid against them. That would have been cowardly! No—they do not even know how much their malice has made me suffer.”
“This must be looked to!” muttered the monk to himself; and drawing Giuseppe’s arm within his, he led him out of the cell and down to the chapel, intending after the evening service to confer with the Guardian respecting this new malady of his unfortunate friend.
They decided that it was best to leave Giuseppe no more alone[Pg 34] at night. The melancholy he had suffered to prey so long on his mind had impaired his reason; repose and cheerful conversation would restore him. Father Boëmo resolved to pass the first part of the night in his cell; but as he had to go before the hour of matins to pray with a poor invalid, he engaged a brother of the convent to take his place at midnight.
When the organist the next day saw his pupil, he was surprised at the change in his whole demeanor. Giuseppe received him in his cell with a face beaming with joy, but at the same time with an air of mystery, as if he almost feared to communicate some gratifying piece of intelligence.
“You passed a better night, my son,” said the benevolent monk. “I am truly rejoiced. I have prayed for you.”
“Listen, father!” said Giuseppe, eagerly. “I have conquered them. I have put them all to flight.”
“The evil one fleeth from those who resist him,” said Father Boëmo, solemnly.
“But I have done better; I have made a compact with him.”
“Giuseppe!” The monk crossed himself, in holy fear.
“Nay, father Boëmo! I have yielded nothing. The devil is my servant—the slave of my will. Last night the demons came again so soon as you were gone, and while brother Piero slept, to torment me. They mocked me more fiercely than ever. I was in despair. I cried to the saints for succor.”
“You did right.”
“The evil spirits vanished; but the mightiest of all, Satan himself, stood before me. I made a league with him. Do not grow pale, father! Satan has promised to serve me. All will go now according to my will.”[1]
Boëmo shook his head, mournfully.
“As a test of his obedience, I gave him my violin and commanded him to play something. What was my astonishment when he executed a sonata, so exquisite, so wonderful, that I had[Pg 35] never in my life imagined anything approaching it! I was bewildered—enchanted. I could hardly breathe from excess of rapture. Then the devil handed the violin back to me. “Take it, master,” said he, “you can do the same.” I took it, and succeeded. Never had I heard such music. You were right, father! I have done wrong to despair.”
The monk sighed, for he saw that his poor friend still labored under the excitement of a diseased imagination. He made, however, no effort to reason with him, but sought to divert his mind by speaking of other matters.
“You shall hear for yourself,” cried Tartini; and seizing his violin, he walked several times across the room, humming a tune, and at last began to play. The music was broken and irregular, though in the wild tones he drew from the instrument, the ear of an artist caught notes that were strangely beautiful. It seemed, in truth, the music of a half-remembered dream.
Again and again did Giuseppe strive to catch the melody; at length throwing down the instrument, he struck his forehead and wrung his hands in bitterness of disappointment.
“It is gone from me!” he cried, in a voice of agony. Father Boëmo sought in vain to lead his mind from this harrowing thought. Now he would snatch up the violin and play as if determined to conquer the difficulty; then fling it aside in despair, vowing that he would break it in pieces and renounce music forever.
After a consultation with the Guardian, Father Boëmo summoned medical assistance, and that night himself administered a composing draught to his young friend. He had the satisfaction of seeing him soon in a profound slumber; and having given him in charge once more to Piero, withdrew to spend an hour or two in prayer for his relief.
Just before matins the organist was aroused by a cry without. Being already dressed, he hastily descended to the court where the brother who had given the alarm stood gazing upward in speechless terror. Well might he shake with fear! Upon the[Pg 36] edge of the roof stood a figure, clearly visible in the moonlight, and easily recognized as that of the unhappy Giuseppe.
“Hush! not a word—or you are his murderer!” whispered Boëmo, grasping the arm of the affrighted monk. Both gazed on the strange figure; the one in superstitious fear—the other in breathless anxiety. Boëmo now perceived that Giuseppe held his violin. After a short prelude he played a sonata so admirable, so magnificent, that both listeners forgot their apprehensions and stood entranced, as if the melody floating on the night wind had indeed been wafted downward from the celestial spheres.[2]
A dead silence—a silence of awful suspense, followed this strange interruption. Neither dared to speak; for Boëmo well knew that a single false step would cost his friend’s life. And he was well aware that the sleep-walker often passes in safety over places where no waking man could tread. The great danger was that his slumber might be suddenly broken.
The sonata was not repeated. The figure turned and slowly retraced his steps along the roof, taking the way to Tartini’s cell. Father Boëmo breathed not till his pupil was in safety; then with a faint murmur of thanksgiving he sank on his knees, while the liberated monk hastened to communicate to the superior what he had seen. The worthy organist watched by the bed of his friend, after blaming severely the negligence of the brother who had been left to guard him. Giuseppe awoke feverish and disturbed—the workings of an unquiet imagination had worn out his strength and an illness of many weeks followed. During all this his faithful friend scarcely left him, but sought to minister to the diseased mind as well as the feeble frame. His care was rewarded. With returning health, reason and cheerfulness returned.
It was a holiday in Assisi. The inhabitants came in crowds to the church to join in the services; in fact so goodly an assemblage[Pg 37] had never been seen in that old place of worship. The fame of the admirable music to be heard there formed a powerful attraction. It is almost needless to say that the execution was that of the brothers of the Minors’ Convent.
Much curiosity had been excited among the people by the circumstance that a curtain was drawn across a part of the choir occupied by the musicians, during all parts of the service. As usual, general attention was fixed by the least appearance of mystery. The precaution had, in fact, been adopted for the sake of Tartini, who played the violin. He still stood in fear of the vengeance of the Cornaro family, who had spared no pains to discover his abode.
The service was nearly ended. While the music still sounded, the wind suddenly lifted the curtain and blew it aside for a moment. A suppressed cry was heard in the choir, and the violin-player ceased. He had recognized in the assembly a Paduan who knew him well.
The Guardian and Father Boëmo, when informed of this discovery, opposed Giuseppe’s resolution of quitting the convent. Both pledged themselves to protect him against the anger of the Bishop of Padua; besides, who knew that the same accident had discovered him? Even among the brethren he passed by an assumed name; it was probable that all was yet safe.
“Come, Giuseppe, you must play to-day in the chapel; the Guardian has guests, who have heard of our music, and we must do our best.”
The grateful pupil and the pleased instructor did their best. When the service was over, Father Boëmo took his young friend by the arm and led him into the parlor of the convent.
A lady of stately and graceful form, her face concealed by a veil, stood between two distinguished looking men, one in the robes of a cardinal. Tartini gave but one glance; the next instant—“Leonora!—my wife!” burst from his lips, and he clasped her, fainting, in his arms.
[Pg 38]
“Receive our blessing, children,” said the cardinal Cornaro. “Years of religious seclusion, Giuseppe, have rendered thee more worthy of the happiness thou art now to possess. Not to the wild disobedient youth, but to the man of tried worth, do I give my niece. Give him thy hand, Leonora.”
The young couple joined hands, and the cardinal pronounced over them a solemn benediction.
“In one thing, my son, thou art to blame,” he resumed—“in hiding thyself from us, instead of trusting our clemency. We have sought thee, not for the purpose of vengeance, but to restore thee to thy wife and country. But for a happy chance, we should still have been ignorant of the place of thy retreat. Yet Heaven orders all for the best. Sorrow has done a noble work with thee.”
“And it has made thee only more beautiful—my beloved!” whispered the happy artist, “my own Leonora—mine—mine forever!”
We do not question the sincerity of Tartini’s joy at his reunion with his lovely wife. But we must have our own opinion of his constancy, when, not long after, we find him leaving her side and flying from Venice for fear of the rivalship of Veracini, a celebrated violin-player from Florence. Perhaps this want of confidence was necessary to the development of his qualities as an artist. But we leave his after life with his biographer. One thing, however, is certain; of all his compositions, the most admirable and the most celebrated is “The Devil’s Sonata.”
FOOTNOTES:
[1]Lalande, to whom Tartini himself communicated this curious anecdote, relates it in his Travels in Italy.
[2]It may be seen by a reference to any detailed biography of Tartini, that nearly all the incidents recorded in this little tale are real facts."
April 27, 2018: The school hosted a discussion on Diversity in the U.S. Military and the Contributions of the Sikh Community featuring:
The Honorable Ravi Bhalla, Mayor, Hoboken New Jersey
Lieutenant General Mark Herling, USA, Retired Former Commanding General of U.S. Army Europe
Dr. Tammy S. Schultz, Director of National Security and Joint Warfare and a Professor of Strategic Studies at the U.S. Marine Corps War College
LTC Kamal S. Kalsi, D.O., FACEP, U.S.A.R., President, Sikh American Veterans Alliance (SAVA)
The discussion was moderated by Shamila Chaudhary, Fellow, Johns Hopkins SAIS Foreign Policy Institute
The event also included a viewing of the documentary short film All Quiet on the Home Front, which shows the struggles of Bhagat Singh Thind, one of the first Sikhs to serve in the U.S. Army and a musical performance.