View allAll Photos Tagged objectivity
If I had something else than a Tamron18-270 with Kenko 2x, extension tubes and +2 close-up filter... that Foto would be amazingly great :'(
But anyway, the picture quality is crap but the moment is great!
A good picture would look like this one of Luis Limchiu
This "SP-level" zoom tube doesn't belong to the lot I described early but is a former Tamron Adaptall purchase.
The rear end has in this photo its 'original' adapter marked 'K/R'. What cameras these are - I don't know.
I'll release some sample photos shot with this objective - before CLA, which is evidently needed.
This photo is the last one in the present 'Tamron tubes' series. So - if you feel your mission and/or passion is commenting the la(te)st photos only - feel free to start your verbal engine(s) now..
Won this bout 99' ish time from GW Northampton and was one of the 1st to win it, something i hold over my bro who lost moments before me!
This is an objective view of the graduate holding her champagne flute celebrating her success after 4 amazing years at Florida State University.
When standing on a tripod!! The mounting brackets cracked, when it crashed into the ground.. My beloved Nikon got som damages, but it works fine (Thank god!!)
Next time im gonna buy a more expensive tripod than a cheap manfrotto..
The objective of the SPR program is to increase stability and security in Eastern and Southern Afghanistan by:
•facilitating efficient movement of goods and people;
•increasing access to government and social services, such as education and health care;
•decreasing ethnic divisions between regions;
•facilitating development of the agriculture sector;
•improving regional integration, security, and stability;
•facilitating trade;
•fostering interdependence between neighboring villages and provinces; and
•providing employment opportunities.
Objective camera and subjective camera are point of view, or “POV” constituents. An objective camera POV depicts a seen, in which the camera only plays the role of the camera, (the device used to shoot the photo). A subjective camera POV is much more involved and candid; the camera becomes a part of the shot and takes on the role of a character, replacing for the entertainers eyes.
"As Emily walks to the fountain, for one last glance before her first steps into the real world, she gives thanks to those who helped her along the way. She also promises to never forget all of the wonderful memories she made as a Seminole at FSU!"
WAMX SD40M-2 #4223 leads T001 out of Metra territory at Fox Lake, now preparing to take the 36-hour late train towards Janesville.
Flash YN460 (1/2) ; Home made diffuser ; Mitutoyo M Plan Apo 5X/0.14 + Thorlabs Iris diaphragm + Thorlabs achromatic doublet 200 mm as tube Lens + Canon Auto Bellows + Canon 550D (ISO 100, 1/250) ; 181 shots at 0.015 µm step stacked with Zerene Stacker (Dmap).
We're required to post our objective and product for everything we teach. I soon had to scrap this idea. Our tech person showed me how to do it in Powerpoint and have dual screens so I can work on the computer while the powerpoint is run on my TV
Ron MacDonald of Cansource and Eric Kohn, Chairman of tantalum miner Noventa. Mr. Kohn moderated the morning session in which Mike Davies of Global Witness presented Conflict Tantalum. Chris Grove of Commerce Resources Corp. also made a corporate presentation in the morning session.
Dental Hygienist Resume Objective we provide as reference to make correct and good quality Resume. Also will give ideas and strategies to develop your own resume.
Dental Hygienist Resume Objective
Photo #3
Objective 3: Composition Techniques
Rule of Thirds: In this picture the girl is on the lower right hand corner while the mountain is on the top. This is a part of rule of this. Nothing is in the center of the picture which would be distracting.
Backgrounds: The background is out of focus which draws the eye to the face. The big mountain in the background fits in the picture and is not distracting.
Perspective: This is an often taken picture of Mount Robson but I used a different perspective. Not the mountain is the focal point, it is the girls face. This makes the picture more interesting.
Objective 4: Lighting
Types of lighting and how they contribute to the image: The hard, side lighting worked out good to see the girls face and the mountain in the background.
Objective 5: Post Production
Corrections/adjustments made: colour editing, sharpening, contrast, rezise
Objective 6: Critique
Strength: I think this picture is a very good example for non-distracting backgrounds
Area for growth: Because of the sunshine there is hard lighting in the photo. That creates shadows next to the girls chin which I do not really like. To improve the picture next time I would use a reflector to have more soft lighting.
Objective 7: Photographic
Type/style of photography: Portrait
The camera mode: Av -> it is the best mode for taking portrait pictures because it controls the aperture which creates the depth of feel I want
f stop used: f/5.6 -> I used a very large aperture because I wanted to have the face in focus and the background blurred
shutter speed used: 1/800 was fast enough to get a good shot of the face and allowed me to not have motion blur or camera shake
ISO used: 200 because it was so bright outside with the sun and the snow
Focal length: 41.0 mm -> I used a large aperture because I wanted the face to look natural and normal
Cibola National Forest & National Grasslands
Sandia Ranger District
Ponderosa Pine Seedling Planting
Trees are vital. As the biggest plants on the planet, trees contribute to their environment over long periods of time by providing oxygen, improving air quality, climate amelioration, conserving water, preserving soil, and supporting wildlife.
Reforestation work starts with analysis after a fire or other disturbance to determine long-term objectives of the land based on the forest plan. Developing site-specific reforestation requirements is part of the analysis. Where reforestation is required, treatments are designed to achieve satisfactory stocking promptly.
The hard work involved in this reforestation planting requires carrying tools, seedlings and protective shelters over remote terrain to dig and plant seedlings at 4-6” deep within 10-15 ft spacings over planned areas.
The Forest Service is directed to maintain all forest lands within the National Forest System in appropriate forest cover by National Forest Management Act and restore forested conditions to provide ecosystem services such as recreational experience, fish and wildlife habitat, watershed protection, and carbon sequestration.
Planting on the Sandia Ranger District was completed by Cibola staff and volunteers to include the Friends of the Sandia Mountains (FOSM) and Talking Talons Youth Leadership.
Sept 2021
FS Photos by P. Johnso
Yasin Malik is the chairman of the now banned Kashmir Liberation Front and most objective analysts agree that, as Wikipedia itself notes, 'Malik renounced violence in 1994 and adopted peaceful methods to come to a settlement of the Kashmir conflict.'
Despite having renounced violence for many years, he was arrested in 2019 and kept in what a petition presented by Labour MP Debbie Abrahams to the British parliament has described as "inhumane conditions" preceding an unfair trial. Three years later, on 22 May 2022 Malik was sentenced by an Indian court to life imprisonment on what the petition points out was a 'contrived' charge of terror funding.
hansard.parliament.uk/commons/2022-07-20/debates/6348A1D0...
www.globalvillagespace.com/yasin-malik-verdict-another-ep...
www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/5/25/iconic-kashmir-rebel-yas...
On Saturday 5 August, activists gathered in central London to protest the ongoing brutal and illegal occupation of Jammu and Kashmir by India and its use of extrajudicial killings, forced disappearances, intimidation and censorship to maintain its control.
Many of those present were also angry at Britain's continued support of India and failure to take action in support of the Kashmiri people's struggle for independence. India has forcibly occupied the region for over 75 years in open defiance of UN resolutions calling for a fair and impartial plebiscite under UN auspices to determine the area's status.
The protest marked four years since the Indian government, on 5 August 2019, revoked the autonomy of Jammu and Kashmir, previously guaranteed by the constitution, and instead imposed direct rule from Delhi. As Human Rights Watch (HRW) reported, "The government action was accompanied by serious rights violations including arbitrary detention of hundreds of people, a total communications blackout and severe restrictions on freedom of movement and peaceful assembly."
www.hrw.org/news/2022/08/02/india-repression-persists-jam...
In their most recent report on Jammu and Kashmir, HRW noted that "the government's repressive policies and failure to investigate and prosecute alleged security force abuses have increased insecurity among Kashmiris," and added that "journalists in Kashmir face increasing harassment by security forces, including raids and arbitrary arrests on terrorism charges. Authorities in India have shut down the internet more often than anywhere else in the world. A majority of those shutdowns have been in Kashmir, where they are used to curb protests and access to information."
www.hrw.org/news/2022/08/02/india-repression-persists-jam...
Enforced disappearances also continue as freelance journalist Mir Aiyaz reported in Fair Planet (23 February 2023). He interviewed Khera Begum about the arrest of her son, Abdul Rashid Dar, by over forty Indian army soldiers, with no police officer attending as is legally required. An officer reportedly told his older brother, Shabir, that the police had been "informed" and that he would be released the next morning. He was not. When the family and other locals went to enquire at the nearest army base, initially they were asked to return later, and then eventually told that he had "escaped from custody." As Aiyaz notes
'Rashid's family and community members do not believe the army's version of events. "How can a man escape in the presence of ever vigilant army men?" rued Shabir. "He was too meek a person to escape, and there was no possibility of running away in the forest where he was taken."
It seems equally difficult to believe that if the army had openly stated its intention to hold him for just 24 hours, that he would have risked everything on attempting to flee.
Aiyaz observes that 'locals, particularly youths living in Kunan Poshpora have altered their daily habits due to their fear of being abducted,' and he quotes a student who while 'staring at the fenced playground (of a school), which used to be brimming with kids but has recently been mostly desolate,' told him that "boys head home after the maghrib prayers, and time spent in the playground has been slashed down."
www.fairplanet.org/story/whats-behind-the-forced-disappea...
The Indian Army has deployed a huge military force in Jammu and Kashmir which some estimates suggest might be as high as 900,000 troops. One soldier for every eight civilians. According to journalist Munir Akram writing in the Pakistan Observer (6 August 2023), the Indian military has "perpetrated a vicious campaign of repressive actions, including extrajudicial killings of innocent Kashmiris in fake encounters, custodial killings and "cordon-and-search" operations; use of pellet guns to kill, maim and blind peaceful protestors, abduction and enforced disappearances and "collective punishments," with the destruction and burning of entire villages and urban neighborhoods.'
pakobserver.net/whats-going-on-in-kashmir-is-not-normal/
www.eureporter.co/world/pakistan/2023/08/06/seminar-on-hu...
Despite India's ongoing brutal occupation of Jammu and Kashmir and despite the continued tension and risk of war with Pakistan, Britain continues to grant licenses for the export of arms to both Pakistan and India.
On 23 February 2023, Politico reported that in the wake of the Ukraine war, 'Britain's defense and aerospace firms now see an opportunity to chip away at Russia's share (of India's military imports)', adding that 'Rolls-Royce and BAE Systems are part of a delegation to Aero India, Asia's biggest airshow which is taking place this week.'
The same report also seemed to suggest that rather than attempt to limit arms exports to maintain some leverage on the shocking human rights situation in Jammu and Kashmir and limit the arms race between the two regional nuclear powers - India and her neighbour Pakistan, the British government appears instead intent on promoting arms exports to India. According to Politico, "Last year the UK put India on its defense equipment fast-track - the first such move offered to an Indo-Pacific nation - in a shift that will reduce red tape and shorten delivery times for defense procurement."
www.politico.eu/article/india-pursues-russian-military-bu...
It should also be noted that the United Kingdom is already one of India's largest suppliers of weapons. According to the UK House of Commons Library arms exports update in January 2023, on a "10 year rolling basis the UK is Europe's largest and the world's second largest defence exporter' beaten only by the United States (p10) and the report ranks India as the fourth largest importer of arms from the UK after Saudi Arabia, Oman and the United States, based on arms transfers between 2012 and 2021. (p21).
researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-8310/...
Some microscope objectives I've worked with, from left:
- Nikon BD Plan 20x/0.40 210/0
- Zeiss Jena 10x/0.20 Planachromat infinity
- Zeiss Jena 6.3/0.12 infinity
The dome of the Riga Nativity of Christ Orthodox Cathedral, on Jaņa Rozentāla square, Riga, Latvia. The Neo-Byzantine style orthodox cathedral was built between 1876 and 1883, converted into a Lutheran church by the occupying German forces during the First World War, became an Orthodox cathedral again in 1921 when Latvia became independent, closed down in the early 1960s by the Soviet authorities that converted its building into a planetarium and was eventually restored as an orthodox cathedral when Latvia regained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991.
One of the main objectives of the European Union is to promote economic, social and territorial cohesion between regions. The reformed EU Cohesion Policy 2014-2020 comes at a pivotal moment. Recent years of austerity have seen rising unemployment and widening inequality, especially in peripheral regions, with youth, women and ethnic minorities worst affected.
Making over €350 billion available to invest in Europe's regions, cities and the real economy, the reformed Cohesion Policy is the EU's principal investment tool to deliver the Europe 2020 goals: creating growth and jobs, tackling climate change and energy dependence, reducing poverty and social exclusion. Once member states’ national contributions and the leverage effect of financial instruments are taken into account, the impact is likely to be over €500 billion.
Launching a new partnership with the European Commission, with the participation of the OECD, Salzburg Global’s program is timed to help key stakeholders understand the rules and results-oriented focus of the reformed Cohesion Policy and ensure maximum impact for these investments. It will build on our longstanding European program which has featured over 15 sessions devoted to the EU’s development and expansion, grounded in our location at the crossroads of East and West.
The 2014 program will focus on ways in which regional development policy and complementary instruments can enhance competitiveness and effective governance at local, regional and transboundary levels.
Participants will examine tools for environmentally sustainable innovation, human capital development, creation and financing of SMEs and the transition to a low carbon economy. They will compare practical projects and mechanisms that have delivered successful outcomes for competitiveness and inclusive growth, in and beyond Europe, in order to identify transferable tools and connect stakeholders who are leading cutting-edge work around the world.
The program will be held from May 17 to May 22, 2014 in Salzburg, Austria, with a one day, high-level pre-session meeting on May 17-18, focusing on European competitiveness, the shift to low carbon economies, and the role of sustainable cities.
Memorial statue for Lieutenant Colonel Terence Otway at Merville Gun Battery.
The Merville Gun Battery was a coastal fortification in Normandy, France, in use as part of the Germans' Atlantic Wall built to defend continental Europe from Allied invasion. It was a particularly heavily fortified position and one of the first places to be attacked by Allied forces during the D-Day Normandy Landings. The 9th Parachute Battalion (part of the 3rd Parachute Brigade attached to 6th Airborne Division) was given the objective of destroying the battery under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Terence Otway. However, when the battalion arrived over Normandy, their parachute descent was dispersed over a large area, so instead of over 600 men, only 150 with no heavy weapons or equipment arrived at the battalion assembly point. Regardless, they pressed home their attack and succeeded in capturing the battery.
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The objective of the event was to raise awareness of the benefits and possible pitfalls of using virtual and immersive worlds in an educational context and will provide practical advice and demonstrations from leading educators and industrial experts in this area. It highlighted funding opportunities available in this field and offer tips on how to focus your research to maximise your chances of succeeding with applications.
The workshop was organised by the Serious Games & Virtual Worlds Research Team and the School of Computing & Intelligent Systems, Faculty of Computing and Engineering and co-sponsored by the University of Ulster, Office of Innovation Knowledge Club Program.
For further details on this event please contact workshop organisers
Michael Callaghan, mj.callaghan@ulster.ac.uk
Kerri McCusker, ka.mccusker@ulster.ac.uk
Under the Swastika
In the history of the Friends of the Kunsthalle too the seizure of power by the Nazis is a deep cut. The Nazi regime developed a practice of arts funding which was marked by the mandatory relationship of art and state.
The enforced conformity of friends meant the loss of independence and the orientation of the association's activities to the objectives of the National Socialist government. Decisive for this change of course, was the board meeting on 10 June 1933. The poet and art historian Wilhelm Niemeyer played the key role as the representative of the Militant League for German Culture (Kampfbund). The Kampfbund was a Nazi-oriented organization which represented a nationalist-racist concept of art. Although Niemeyer since 1927 no longer belonged to the board of the association, he participated against the resistance of Gustav Pauli and the other board members at the meeting to introduce a list of the Executive Board drawn up by the Kampfbund.
As a result of the meeting Pauli on the same day sent a list of candidates for the election of the new board of the Friends to the Kampfbund. This was his last official act for the Friends of the Kunsthalle. The new board then was no longer elected but appointed by the First Mayor Carl Vincent Krogmann and was completely re-assembled, with two exceptions.
New chairman became Hermann Maetzig who also headed the official business at the Kunsthalle from the beginning of October, Pauli in late September 1933 as director of the Kunsthalle was sent into retirement. On the part of the club members, there was no opposition against the replacement of the Board, they confirmed this one after a short debate on their general meeting on 31 October 1933.
The era Maetzig did not last long. Already in April 1934, he had to give up all offices for belonging to the Freemasons. His successor Wilhelm Freiherr Kleinschmit of Lengefeld remained until August 1937 executive director of the Kunsthalle and Chairman of Friends. In the action "degenerate art" to which the set up by Pauli collection of modern art in the summer of 1937 fell victim he did not participate. However, in the tenure of Kleinschmit fell the exclusion of Jewish club members. This marks the blackest chapters in the history of the club.
At the beginning of 1936, the Statute of friends was officially completed by an "Aryan paragraph". But already at the end of the fiscal year 1935, the Jewish members had been forced to leave the club. In September 1935, the new program of events was sent with a message of Kleinschmit. It was said there, the membership card will be issued only to those persons who signed a statement that they were "Aryans".
Alone in September and October 1935, 29 Jewish donors, so financially particularly committed members, had to leave the club. Among them are such famous names as Bleichröder, Budge or Warburg. In addition, there were also about 100 regular members who had been excluded. Against this background is hardly surprising that the number of members of the Friends in 1936 with 1,124 members reached a historic low.
The lecture program of friends during the Nazi period designed primarily Wilhelm Niemeyer, who was secretary of the association since August 1933. As already Pauli, he also succeeded to win a number of known German art historians. Speeches were held by university professors as Hans Jantzen, Hans Kauffmann or the befriended with Niemeyer, Wilhelm Pinder. Although the Kunsthalle was closed at the beginning of World War II to the public, the friends continued to offer lectures. Those ones, however, unlike as in the days of the Weimar Republic, as regards contents offered only little direct references to the collection fund of the Kunsthalle.
Unter dem Hakenkreuz
Auch in der Geschichte der Freunde der Kunsthalle stellt die Machtergreifung der Nationalsozialisten einen tiefen Einschnitt dar. Das NS-Regime entwickelte eine Praxis der Kunstförderung, die durch die zwangsweise Verbindung von Kunst und Staat gekennzeichnet war.
Die Gleichschaltung der Freunde bedeutete den Verlust der Selbstständigkeit und die Ausrichtung der Vereinsaktivitäten auf die Ziele der nationalsozialistischen Regierung. Entscheidend für diesen Kurswechsel wurde die Vorstandssitzung am 10. Juni 1933. Der Dichter und Kunsthistoriker Wilhelm Niemeyer spielte als Repräsentant des Kampfbundes für deutsche Kultur die maßgebliche Rolle. Der Kampfbund war eine NSDAP-nahe Organisation, die einen völkisch-rassistischen Kunstbegriff vertrat. Obwohl Niemeyer seit 1927 nicht mehr dem Vorstand des Vereins angehörte, nahm er gegen den Widerstand Gustav Paulis und der übrigen Vorstandsmitglieder an der Sitzung teil, um eine vom Kampfbund erstellte Vorstandsliste einzubringen.
Als Ergebnis der Sitzung schickte Pauli noch am selben Tag eine Vorschlagliste für die Wahl des neuen Vorstandes der Freunde an den Kampfbund. Dies war seine letzte Amtshandlung für die Freunde der Kunsthalle. Der neue Vorstand wurde dann nicht mehr gewählt, sondern vom Ersten Bürgermeister Carl Vincent Krogmann bestimmt und war bis auf zwei Ausnahmen völlig neu zusammengesetzt.
Neuer Vorsitzender wurde Hermann Maetzig, der ab Anfang Oktober auch die Amtsgeschäfte in der Kunsthalle leitete; Pauli wurde Ende September 1933 als Direktor der Kunsthalle in den Ruhestand versetzt. Von Seiten der Vereinsmitglieder gab es keinerlei Widerstände gegen die Neubesetzung des Vorstandes, sie bestätigten diesen nach kurzer Aussprache auf ihrer Mitgliederversammlung am 31. Oktober 1933.
Die Ära Maetzig währte nicht lange. Bereits im April 1934 musste er wegen seiner Zugehörigkeit zu den Freimaurern alle Ämter aufgeben. Sein Nachfolger Wilhelm Freiherr Kleinschmit von Lengefeld blieb bis August 1937 verantwortlicher Leiter der Kunsthalle und Vorsitzender der Freunde. An der Aktion „entartete Kunst“, der im Sommer 1937 die von Pauli aufgebaute Sammlung der Moderne zum Opfer fiel, war er allerdings nicht beteiligt. In Kleinschmits Amtszeit kam es jedoch zum Ausschluss der jüdischen Vereinsmitglieder. Dies markiert das schwärzeste Kapitel in der Geschichte des Vereins.
Zu Beginn des Jahres 1936 wurde die Satzung der Freunde offiziell um einen „Arierparagraphen“ ergänzt. Doch bereits am Ende des Geschäftsjahres 1935 hatten die jüdischen Mitglieder den Verein verlassen müssen. Im September 1935 wurde das neue Veranstaltungsprogramm mit einer Mitteilung Kleinschmits versandt. Dort hieß es, die Mitgliedskarte werde nur an solche Personen ausgestellt, die eine Erklärung unterschrieben, dass sie „ arischer Abstammung“ seien.
Allein 29 jüdische Stifter, also finanziell besonders engagierte Mitglieder, mussten im September und Oktober 1935 den Verein verlassen. Unter ihnen finden sich so berühmte Namen wie Bleichröder, Budge oder Warburg. Hinzu kamen noch ungefähr 100 ordentliche Mitglieder, die ausgeschlossen wurden. Vor diesem Hintergrund verwundert wenig, dass die Mitgliederzahl der Freunde im Jahr 1936 mit 1.124 Mitgliedern einen historischen Tiefststand erreichte.
Das Vortragsprogramm der Freunde während der NS-Zeit gestaltete in erster Linie Wilhelm Niemeyer, der seit August 1933 Schriftführer des Vereins war. Wie bereits Pauli gelang es auch ihm, eine Reihe bekannter deutscher Kunsthistoriker zu gewinnen. Es sprachen Universitätsprofessoren wie Hans Jantzen, Hans Kauffmann oder der mit Niemeyer befreundete Wilhelm Pinder. Obwohl die Kunsthalle mit Beginn des Zweiten Weltkrieges für das Publikum geschlossen wurde, boten die Freunde weiterhin Vorträge an. Diese wiesen allerdings – anders als zu Zeiten der Weimarer Republik – inhaltlich nur wenig direkte Bezüge zum Sammlungsbestand der Kunsthalle auf
freunde-der-kunsthalle.de/meta/ueber-uns/geschichte/unter...
Anxiety is a lightweight leopard-only to-do application that syncs with iCal and Mail. To download or read more, visit www.anxietyapp.com/
This shot shows the preferences window, which gives you plenty of different options for how Anxiety behaves and what it displays. As can be seen, you can enable or disable a menu bar item, which toggles the application's visibility like Twitterrific, and the dock item. The application can be added to the list of login items from within the preferences window. Another preference allows you to have Anxiety fade out whenever it isn't the most frontmost app; by default it floats over all other windows.
The user can specify which application they would like to use to open to-dos externally. When a list item is double clicked, either iCal or Mail is launched to reveal the selected task. Additionally, hitting command-i will open the chosen application to show the task list in its entirety, including completed items.
The behavior of the list window can be customized as well; by default, it splits all of your tasks into multiple "lists", separated into groups based on which calendar they have been added to, and lists can be switched by clicking the title of the current list in the titlebar to show the alternative lists. In the screenshots above you can see this behavior is denoted to be active when a set of small arrows appear to the right of the title of the selected list in the titlebar. The alternative to this display method is to simply group all of your tasks together in the list window together, regardless of their calendar affiliation.
You can imagine that, with a heap of tasks in the list, the list is going to get pretty tall trying to accommodate them. By default, when you add a task, the window will resize to leave room for this new item, so that it is visible along with all its counterparts. However, after a certain number of items have been added, the window will reach its maximum size, and a scrollbar will appear allowing you to scroll through the list of tasks. While you're free to resize the window yourself to make it smaller on demand using the resize handle, the "Maximum number of list rows" preference allows you to configure how many list items should be able to appear visibly before the window hits this maximum size and uses scrollbars.
The "Task and Calendar counts" in footer preference allows you to turn on some simple counts that appear at the bottom of the window. Meanwhile, a small configuration menu can be enabled that sits in the list window footer and enables access to various menu items.
As you can see from these screenshots, alternating list row backgrounds (where list items alternate white background and black backgrounds) are enabled by default, but you can turn them off for a straight-black background.
The second last is for animating the list window transitions. This isn't as interesting as it sounds; all it means is, when enabled, windows fade out when closed, when inactive, or fade in when the application becomes active or the menubar item is clicked.