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Each wheel has a single row of LED lights. Embedded sensors detect the rotation speed and light up a pattern in sync.
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A tree embedded in the mineral deposit at the Mammoth Hot Springs in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming
All clayed up. The insulation foam underneath saves me from sculpting a giant block all the way down to the table.
At first I thought this is what happens when you have the boss over for dinner, but then I saw that the young lady in the middle was a bride, so the man in the mirror must be the groom?
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This is a scanned image from a batch of wire photos, publicity photos, vintage snapshots, cabinet cards, CDVs and real photo postcards purchased at auction. You are welcome to pin, re-post, embed and share this image, but please do not reproduce for your personal gain or profit without my permission.
I did some small, cosmetic clean-up retouches in photoshop.
Any comments or observations are much appreciated!
Copyright © John G. Lidstone, all rights reserved.
You are warned: DO NOT STEAL or RE-POST THIS PHOTO.
It is an offence under law if you remove my copyright marking, or post this image anywhere else without my express written permission.
If you do, and I find out, you WILL be reported for copyright infringement action to the host platform and/or group applicable.
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I had to cut quite a bit of this agate away to eliminate the porous spots on the edges, which were very rough and varied a great deal in thickness. Otherwise, it is strickly a free form cabochon. There is some boytroidal area on the bottom side.
Copyright © John G. Lidstone, all rights reserved.
I hope you enjoy my work and thanks for viewing.
NO use of this image is allowed without my express prior permission and subject to compensation/payment.
I do not want my images linked in Facebook groups.
It is an offence, under law, if you remove my copyright marking, and/or post this image anywhere else without my express written permission.
If you do, and I find out, you will be reported for copyright infringement action to the host platform and/or group applicable and you will be barred by me from social media platforms I use.
The same applies to all of my images.
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The Adventure of a Lifetime
Juan Sebastian Elcano and Ferdinand Magellan, these are the names that will forever be embedded not only in the history of sailing but also in the history of the entire world. Arguably, they are known as the first sailors who successfully circumnavigated the world. Around the 1500s, Elcano and Magellan sailed from Spain in 5 ships, the Trinidad, the San Antonio, the Concepcion, the Santiago and the Victoria. The Trinidad was helmed by Magellan and the Victoria by Elcano.
Among Elcano and Magellan’s crew were around 200 members. After 3 years of sailing, they finally returned to Spain. Along the way, they discovered new trade routes, met new civilizations and cultures, established territories and gained glory for themselves and their countries. The voyage was not with sacrifices though Magellan himself was killed in an island that will later be part of present-day the Philippines. Out of the 200 crew, only 18 remained along with Elcano. Out of the 5 ships, only the Victoria reached Spanish harbors.
The casualties of the first circumnavigation may have been great but compared to the succeeding attempt, it can truly be considered successful.
The second attempt, under the leadership of Andres de Urdaneta, was a failure when they lost all seven ships. Urdaneta made amends on his next attempt; on 1536 he was the second successful sailor who circumnavigated the world.
From then on, every century has been met by successful voyages. In the 1600s, around 8 recorded attempts and successes have been made. In the later parts of the 1700s, the first non-European, Robert Gray, succeeded in sailing around the world. Fast forward to the 1900s, circumnavigation has been made possible even without the backing of countries and kingdoms. With advances in sailing technology, sailors are able to sail around the world more than one time. Electa and Irving Johnson sailed the world 7 times. Crews also became younger; Robin Lee Graham was around 16 years old when he sailed around 1965. In the 2000s, history again recorded a few world “firsts”. Among these records is the first non-stop circumnavigation, a deaf crew member, the fastest female sailor, the fastest solo voyage, the largest ship, the first solarpowered and the oldest sailor. These records are not only proofs of the advances in technology that make sailing around the world more possible but also give insight on the diversity of the sailors themselves. While sailing was once exclusively held by Europeans alone, today people from all races and cultures take part in this adventure. Before, only adult men were accepted into this elite club of sailing. Today, not only are the sailors getting younger but women too are taking part in the voyage.
The adventure does not discriminate; it welcomes men and women, young and old, Europeans, Americans, Hispanics, Asians, and other races and ethnicities. Even the inexperienced can take part in this adventure. There is only one type of person that is excluded from sailing, the unprepared. The adventure gives no room for those who neither have the preparation nor the respect and appreciation for nature and its challenges. The rich history of circumnavigation shows that in these modern times, sailing is no longer a fantasy that you can only dream but a reality that you can truly achieve. The first step begins with setting your destination.
Setting Your Destination
Routes
Planning out your route is the first consideration you have to make in your adventure. Most of the time your point of origin will determine the best and most efficient route you can take. Before you begin tracing your path, it is best to understand the definition that technically qualifies as truly sailing around the world. There are three criteria that qualify for circumnavigation.
These three are then reflected by two accepted routes. The three criteria are:
Pass through each of the longitudinal lines or the meridian lines. This requires you to set a path that will circle the globe around the two poles.
Pass in between antipodal points. This requires that you should cover a distance equal to the at least the width of the Earth or 12,765 km.
Travel at a distance at least equal to the circumference of the Earth.
When you have satisfied the above two criteria, your total distance traveled should be at least the same as Earth’s circumference or 40,075 km. The two routes are:
1.Race Route. This is the route used by more experienced sailors. This is meant to be used when the objective is to beat records because it offers the fastest route possible.
2.Canal Route. This is the route that takes advantage of the two canals that will make the voyage fast but at the same time maximize the trip. It offers access to the continents major ports, making it a scenic option for leisure sailors. Here is a sample route that you can take that satisfies the above criteria:
1.From Europe and the Mediterranean
2.Canary Islands
3.Caribbean
4.North America or South America
5.Panama Canal
6.The Marquesas Islands or Galapagos Islands
7.French Polynesia and Tahiti
8.Fiji
9.New Zealand or Australia
10.North to the Red Sea and the Suez Canal or
11.South to Cape Horn and southern Africa
12.Brazil
13.Europe
Here is the route travel by Zac Sunderland, a 17 year old American who sailed around the world. He is the second youngest sailor so far. The current youngest is a 16 year old Australian Jessica Watson.
1.From west coast US
2.The northern tip of Australia
3.The southern tip of Africa
4.The northern tip of South America
5.Through the Panama Canal
6.North towards west coast US
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Duration
There is no definite duration for sailing around the world. Those opt for the fast routes, such as those who are racing or trying to beat a record can take as short as 78 days, 2 hours and 16 minutes. This was made by Francois Gabart. On the other hand most casual sailors can take more than a year to sail. This is because they take advantage of exploring the countries where they will dock. Part of the adventure of sailing is allowing you the opportunity to make the same discoveries as with the first circumnavigators of the world. Most leisure sailors take their time in docking their yachts in marinas and then exploring the harbor city. While some will use their yacht as their accommodation for the duration of their stay in another country, some will go further in the country and stay at different locations.
Timing
Aside from the actual duration of the voyage, there are other considerations in terms of the timing of the trip. Some factors that will influence your journey are:
1.Prevailing Winds
2.Storm Seasons
3.Ocean Currents
Sailing relies on the prevailing winds. Ride with the winds and you can generate speed and efficiency in your trip. Ride against it and your journey will either be slowed or be doomed to failure. Match your route points so that you can take advantage of the winds when it is present. When there is no wind, it is best that you are nearing the harbor. These winds can be found on specific areas determined by longitude and latitude. Each wind also will have its own name and characteristics.
Some of the prevailing winds that you have to consider are:
1.The Inter-tropical Convergence Zone
2.The Trade Winds
3.The Variables
4.The Westerlies & Easterlies
The Intertropical Convergence Zone or the ITCZ, the Equatorial Trough or the Doldrums are found in 5 to10 degrees North and 5 to 10 degrees south of the equator. Winds of the ITCZ vary and are at best light. They carry heavy rain and thunderstorms during wet seasons and extremely hot and humid air during dry spells. Suffice to say, you want to avoid these winds during your voyage. On top op of the actual problematic characteristics of the ITCZ, you will probably encounter them during your voyage around the world, especially if you plan to cross the equator. Another danger with ITCZ is its variability. Changes in the season and the ocean can affect these winds. Expect these winds to have a wide range of coverage during July and August. While before the ITCZ is confined to 5 to 10 degrees in these months they can reach up to 20 degrees. On the other hand, if you reach these coordinates around February to March, expect the ITCZ to have a narrower coverage and more forgiving characteristics. Western parts of both the Atlantic and Pacific also become easier to navigate because the ITCZ is gentler as you move west. The next layer of the globe, belonging to the 10 to 30-degree coordinates, is the territory of the trade winds. 10 to 30 degrees north belongs to the North East Trades and 10 to 30 degrees south belongs to the South East Trades. They are the opposite of the ITCZ. While you want to avoid the ITCZ, you want to ride these winds for as long as you have them in your route. They provide strong winds that can propel you faster towards your destination. They are best for westbound routes On the 30 to 45-degree coordinates are the Variables. They are similar to the ITCZ in terms of strength and variability. There key difference is in the weather they bring. These winds are not as humid and do not carry as much rainfall as the ITCZ. It is best to avoid these winds as soon as you can as with the ITCZ. Around the 45 to the 60-degree coordinates are the Westerlies. These winds are great for west to east routes. Northern hemisphere Westerlies move southwest. Southern hemisphere Westerlies move northwest. These winds have similar to characteristics to the ITCZ. However, both Westerlies have different characteristics. Those winds north of the equator are generally better than winds in the south. These southern Westerlies are infamous as the Roaring Forties and the Furious Fifties because they carry storms and waves that are difficult to navigate. Easterlies belong to the North to 60 degrees north and the South Pole to 60 degrees south. Take note that the coordinates are approximations. They refer to the general area where you can find these winds; some will definitely widen or narrow during seasons. These winds will definitely overlap in between the coordinates. The lesson here is that you have to anticipate the winds along your route to either take advantage of them or to avoid them entirely
Storm Seasons
It is best to plot your route while taking into consideration the tropical storm seasons of the area that you will pass on your voyage. Aside from storm season, be prepared for hurricanes, typhoons, cyclone, and monsoons. It is best to stay in the docks and delay your voyage than risk going through a storm. While some yachts can weather storms, smaller ones risk capsizing.
Ocean Currents
Ocean currents generally move in the same direction as with the prevailing winds. North of the equator, expect current to move in a clockwise direction, south of the equator moves in a counterclockwise direction.
Getting on a Yacht
As a Volunteer Crew Mem
There are several ways that you can get yourself on a yacht. One of the best options is to be a volunteer crew member. This gives you several advantages, such as training, economy, and networking. If you are a first-time sailor, learning from more experienced peers will help you when you start your own adventure. Experience is the best teacher and you will definitely learn a lot in the actual situations. Best practices, insights and the culture of sailing around the world will definitely provide you with a wealth of information that no other reference can offer. Although technically you will not get paid with wages for your service, your work in the yacht will pay for your way. This is especially useful for those sailors who do not have enough funds to cover for their own expenses. Finally, you can create relationships and an entire network of captains, navigators, crew members and other professionals that can give you guidance or can even be part of your future crew.
As a Paying Client
If you want to have the best of both worlds, taking in the adventure as a captain or crew member but still have the entire voyage for yourself, then the best option to get on a yacht is become an owner yourself. If this is your choice, your task is to find the best yacht for you. The average cost of yachts that is ready to sail around the world will be around $30,000 to $50,000. Brand new and luxury yachts can cost millions Of course, the more luxurious you want your yacht to be, the more expensive it will become. Aside from the actual cost and depending on your sailing skills and desire to have someone with you on the trip, you may also need to pay for crew wages. Repairs, maintenance and upkeep will also cost you. If your route involves passing through the canals, you will also be charged. Then, there is also the added cost of food, fuel and other daily expense that you may incur on your trip. Sailing costs will start from the most frugal from $2000 to the more luxurious expenses of $5,000 per month of the voyage. On the average, expect these expenses for your trip:
Payment for marinas: $300 per month of the voyage may change depending on duration you dock your yacht.
Land transportation for resupplying: $200 per month of the voyage
Miscellaneous expenses such as propane water, garbage, phone and internet: $100 per month of the voyage
Food: $1000 per month of the voyage or depending on your requirements
Maintenance, Repairs & Replacements: $200 per month of the voyage
Immigration fees, cruise fees and dockages: $100 per month of the voyage
Passing by the canals around $1,500 to $3,000 per way. This may seem expensive but if you plan to save on time, the savings will definitely make up for the cost.
Learning Your Skills
Sailing
Knowledge and application on boat handling, takeoffs, landing, and docking must be learned. Skills on upward sailing and sail handling, jibing and tacking are definitely needed. Heel control sail trim, sail-shape controls, and basic aerodynamics should be part of your skill set. Advanced skills are also. Formal education and training are also offered. Certifications are also issued for successfully completing a program. Although not required, this education will prove useful especially for those without any prior knowledge on sailing. If you have the resources to cover the training, take as many as you can. If not, consider prioritizing the courses. Sailing and navigation is your first choice, next is use of the radio, then first aid and lastly is repairs and maintenance. If you have a companion with you, it is best to divide the training programs and then teach each other after the course.
Navigation
This is the single most important skill for sailing around the world aside from the actual sailing skills. You need to learn the basics on positions, reading nautical charts, using a compass, plotting your course, predicting tides, currents and winds. Signals, such as lights, shapes and sounds also needed to be learned. Although yachts are now equipped with radar and GPS, it is also best to learn about basic celestial navigation.
Rescue
There are two kinds of rescue skills you need before you sail around the world. First, you need to be able to learn about rescuing people, like yourself or your crew. Learn basic rescue techniques such as those for persons overboard, drowning and other first aid techniques such as for cuts, fractures and other potential accidents. You also need to be familiar with VHF radio, especially if you need to make a mayday.
Leadership
This skill is especially necessary if you are leading a crew. Learn to create teamwork by creating cordial relationships between your team. Be ready to mediate in case of arguments and be open to suggestions from your crew. At the end of the day, remember that you bear command responsibility for all actions of your crew. Both their failure and success are yours.
Lone Sailor
Several people have succeeded in sailing around the world alone. Most of them report three things that helped them become successful in the voyage: belief in oneself, motivation and communication. These sailors reached their goal by building their self-confidence. It is easy to doubt yourself when you are alone, you may even second guess yourself on every decision you make. However, with confidence
Preparing Your Logistics
Food, Shelter & Clothing
Provisioning is your first concern for extended trips such as sailing around the world. Your minimum inventory must last from the moment you leave port to your arrival on the next dock plus you need to have an excess amount just in case something unexpected happens. Here are some considerations that you need to make when deciding on your provisions:
The timeframe of your voyage. The length of time will determine how much you need to stock up on food and water. Take into consideration any chances for stops that you can make to resupply. The more provisions you have the safer it will be.
Crew. Ask for the dietary appetites and restrictions of your team along with the actual head count. Allergies, religious and health concerns should be planned in advanced.
Ease of preparation. If you have cooking skills and equipment, then you may opt to be cooking on board. If not, then it is best to stick to ready to eat meals. In case of emergency, the last thing you want to think about is if you still have cooking oil to fry your meal. Assess your galley and its equipment too if your menu can be handled.
Storage. As much as you want to stock up, you will be limited by the storage space of your yacht. You can only take as much as your space permits so plan wisely. Do not use storage space meant for other items, such as first aid, communication equipment and others as food storage. Here are some items that you need to have:
Water. You cannot have enough water. This is the single most important provision that you need to be in hand on your yacht.
Refrigerator. This is your most important item in your galley. This will prolong the shelf life of most of your food products. Choose wisely on what to put since most yachts will have small sized fridges.
Canned and dehydrated goods. Aside from their ease of preparation since most of them are ready to eat or require only cooking in water, these items are also easy to store. These provisions are also useful in case of emergencies such as being stranded for longer periods of time.
Cooking skills and equipment. Most probably you will be cooking on prolonged trips. This means that you have to brush up on your cooking skills especially if you will be designated as the cook of the crew.
Hard vegetables. If you will stock up on vegetables, be sure to choose those that do not easily rot or ripen, such as potatoes, root crops, beans and legumes. Avoid tomatoes, peaches and similar fruits and veggies.
Candies, wines and similar items. Of course, sailing around the world need to be more than just a serious voyage but a fun trip as well. As long as you take them in moderation, junk food, candies, alcohol and wine will always have a place in your galley.
Health & Safety
Have several first aid kits scattered around your yacht. This way in case one is damaged or lost, you still have a spare. If you have any medications that you need to take on a long term basis, make sure you stock up on them, since they may not be easily purchased on your next destination.
Rest & Leisure
During long stretches, you will need some way to relax and de-stress. Bring items that can provide you with leisure. Playing cards, board games, puzzles and other games that do not require electricity will take your mind off the sailing when you are in calm waters. Bring fishing rods, inflatable boats, beach balls and any other toys that your yacht can still store. Of course, never forget to bring cameras, rechargeable batteries and other gear that can record your adventure.
Insurance, Medical & Legal Considerations
Although not required, having an insurance to cover you on your voyage will put your mind at ease. Any untoward accidents that may require medical attention will be reimbursed by these insurance products. Consult your broker for information regarding this kind of insurance, take note the riskier your voyage is the higher the premium will be.
The post You Need To Know This Before Sailing Around The World appeared first on Buzz People.
Copyright © John G. Lidstone, all rights reserved.
I hope you enjoy my work and thanks for viewing.
NO use of this image is allowed without my express prior permission and subject to compensation/payment.
I do not want my images linked in Facebook groups.
It is an offence, under law, if you remove my copyright marking, and/or post this image anywhere else without my express written permission.
If you do, and I find out, you will be reported for copyright infringement action to the host platform and/or group applicable and you will be barred by me from social media platforms I use.
The same applies to all of my images.
My ownership & copyright is also embedded in the image metadata.
There is a plethora of parish churches on either side of the Medway. And the previous evening, I had noticed two more I had yet to visit, so pencilled them in.
St Margaret sits in a quiet village, at the end of a dead end lane where there is no parking. This I know now but I parked in front of the no parking sign, so didn't see it until I left.
The church had a group of cyclists on the ride and stride charity ride.
I said hello and went about my work taking shots.
The church is ancient, Saxon in origin, and the walls have Roman tiles embedded in them.
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Here is a church which really shows its Saxon origins, the south chancel wall displaying the tell-tale herringbone masonry executed in part in salvaged Roman tile. The chancel arch and north and south arcades date from the thirteenth century and are simple cut-throughs, with plain piers between. The chancel has internal wall arcading with Bethersden marble shafts. Above the chancel arch hangs a George III Royal Arms while below it can be seen the notches where the rood beam was originally supported. The metal font - of twelfth-century date - is of cast lead with a king and an angel on each of its ten sides. It was discovered in 1921 hidden under plaster. There are the remains of some unclear fourteenth-century wall paintings and a very interesting piece of graffiti - a Persian beast with the head of a man, body of a lion, mane of quills and sting of a scorpion! This can be found on the south nave arcade.
www.kentchurches.info/church.asp?p=Lower+Halstow
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HALSTOW
LIES the next parish eastward from Upchurch, it is written in antient deeds Halegestow, and is usually called Lower Halstow, from its low situation, and to distinguish it from the parish of High Halstow, in the hundred of Hoo.
It is a very obscure and unfrequented parish, though the road from Chatham to the King's Ferry leads through the lower part of it, across a branch of the creek, here called the Stray, which is at high water hardly passable with safety. The little streamlet which rises southward near Newington church, runs on hither to the corn mill, belonging to All Souls college, situated on another branch of this creek, up to which the tide flows likewise, the mill being turned by it; below these the two branches acquire the name of Halstow creek, and soon afterwards joining, about three miles below, that of Standgate creek, a little further from which it flows into the river Medway, at some distance above Sheerness. At the lower end of Standgate creek, all vessels arriving from foreign countries, where the plague, or any other infections distemper is known to rage, are obliged by order of the privy council and the king's proclamation to perform quarantine for a limited time, and for the purpose of airing the cargoes of them, there are two large hospital ships, commonly called lazarettos, being the hulks of forty-four gun ships stationed here constantly, on board which the goods and merchandize are removed, for the purpose of airing them, and a government cutter attends to see this properly observed, and to prevent the crews getting on shore before the time is expired,
Halstow creek above this becomes so shallow, as to be used only by the small vessels belonging to the dredger men, who live here, and make up the principal part of the inhabitants of this parish, it is navigable in both branches as high up as the stray on the one, and the bridge built over the other, just above the church, where there is a wharf belonging to All Souls college, which, if in a proper condition, might be made of great use to the neighbouring country, which, as appears by the survey made in the 8th year of queen Elizabeth, by her order, was then called Halstow key, and that there were then in this parish houses inhabited twenty-four, ships and boats fourteen, from one ton to seven; and persons occupied in carrying from port to port and fishing fourteen. There are two small hamlets in the lower part of it, near the creek, the one built round a green, and called from thence Halstow-green, and the other at a small distance from it called Lower street. This part of the parish lies on a level, and open to the adjoining marshes, which render it most unpleasant, and at the same time unhealthy to an extreme, the look of which the inhabitants carry in their countenances; indeed, it seems so enveloped among creeks, marshes and salts, the look over which extends as far as the eye can see, that it seems a boundary, beyond which the traveller dreads to hazard his future safety.
The whole of this parish, excepting towards the marshes, has a woody appearance, the shaves and hedge-rows being very broad round the fields, it contains about twelve hundred acres of land, the soil of it is in general a very stiff and wet clay, a heavy tillage land, some few parts of it are gravel, and others, a black unfertile sand, with much broom and brakes, or fern on it. The clayey lands have of late years been much improved, by spreading them over with lime, brought at a heavy expence from the upper part of Hartlip, a distance of between three and four miles, by which means they produce a good crop of wheat. Near the stray there are some fertile meadows and orchards, the lands in general let at a high rent of fifteen and twenty shillings an acre, much of it throughout the parish belongs to All Souls college, as part of their manor farm of Horsham, in Upchurch. Towards the eastern part of the parish the hills rise pretty high, over much of which the adjoining manor of Norwood in Milton claims. In the north-east part is Basser farm, almost the whole of which is pasture, and some of it so fertile as to be good fatting land for beasts.
The paramount manor of Milton claims over this parish, subordinate to which is
THE MANOR OF BERKESORE, commonly called BASSER, which is situated in the north-east part of this parish. It was given to the monks of the priory of Christ-church, in Canterbury, to the finding of a light before the shrine of St. Anselm there, which gift was confirmed by Henry II. who added to it fifteen pounds of rent in this place likewise, as did Reginald de Clere, certain land bounding to that of Roger de Wardun and William de Northwode.
King Edward II. in his 10th year, granted and confirmed to the prior and convent of Christ-church, free-warren in all their demesne land in Berkesore, held in the time of his grandfather king Henry III.
In which state this manor continued till the dissolution of the above-mentioned priory, in the 31st year of Henry VIII. when it was, with all the lands and possessions belonging to it, surrendered up into the king's hands, who settled this manor, by his dotation-charter, in his 33d year, on his new erected dean and chapter of Canterbury, part of whose possessions it now remains.
The family of Darell, of Calehill, have for many generations been lessees of this manor under the dean and chapter. Sir Robert Darell held it as such in the 17th year of king James I. and in his descendants it has continued down to Henry Darell, esq. of Calehill, the present lessee of it. A court baron is regularly held for it.
Charities.
A HOUSE, with a garden, and two acres of land, in this parish, occupied in 1775 by William Judson, at the yearly rent of 5l. were given by a person unknown, to the poor of this parish.
ONE ACRE of land in Southfield, in Halstow, belonging to West Hide, esq. in 1775 occupied by Samuel Buckland, at 10s. per annum, was given by a like person to the same purpose.
WILLIAM ROBINSON, of this parish, by will in 1632, gave 20s, in money, and two bushels of wheat, out of land now used with the Stray farm in this parish, to be distributed yearly on St. Thomas's Day for ever.
CATH. WOOTTON, of this parish, gave by will in 1678, a field called Budington, in Newington, of the annual produce of 20s. to be distributed yearly on Easter Monday to the poor of this parish for ever.
A PERSON UNKNOWN gave a cottage and two tenements, with a garden, in the lower street, worth 4l. per annum, to the poor of it; all which gifts are vested in the minister and churchwardens.
The poor constantly relieved here are about eighteen; casually sixteen.
HALSTOW is within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the diocese of Canterbury, and deanry of Sittingborne.
The church, which stands close to the creek, is dedicated to St. Margaret; it consists of three small isles and one chancel, with a low pointed steeple, in which hang five bells, and has nothing remarkable in it. The church of Halstow was part of the antient possessions of the priory of Christ-church in Canterbury, as appears by the instrument of archbishop Baldwin, who came to the see of Canterbury in 1184, who, at the presentation of the prior and convent, granted to his beloved son John de London, nephew of the then blessed martyr Thomas, the church of St. Margaret of Halegestowa, in perpetual alms; saving the pension of one marc, which the said John should be bound to pay to the monks above-mentioned, twice in each year. (fn. 1)
King Henry III. in his 19th year, granted to the prior and convent of Christ-church, the privilege of a fair at the church of Halowesto.
In which situation this church continued till the dissolution of the priory in the 31st year of king Henry VIII. when it was, with all the lands and possessions of it, surrendered up into the king's hands.
The church of Halstow, with the vicarage of it, did not remain long in the hands of the crown, for the king settled it by his dotation-charter, in his 33d year, on his new-erected dean and chapter of Canterbury, part of whose possessions it now remains, the parsonage being leased out by them for twenty-one years, but the advowson of the vicarage they retain in their own hands.
The yearly rent to the dean and chapter is 3l. 6s. 8d. who pay yearly to the archdeacon five shillings for procurations for it.
The vicarage is a discharged living in the king's books of the yearly certified value of forty pounds, the yearly tenths being 16s. 2ÂĽd. In 1642 it was valued at sixty pounds per annum, first receipt. Communicants eighty-two.
Dr. Francis Walwin, prebendary of Canterbury, in 1770, but a short time before his death, paid into the hands of the Rev. John Tucker, of Canterbury, and rector of Ringwold, since deceased, ten pounds to be laid out for the benefit of this vicarage.
¶John White, vicar of this parish in 1696, presented a petition to archbishop Tension, setting forth, that he had two vicarage-houses, one an old uninhabited house adjoining to the sea side, which every spring tide overflowed with salt water, and which the seamen and others had in a manner demolished; that the other is a house given by two maids, who died there, and bequeathed it to the vicar for ever; that it had been recovered by his predecessor by course of law, and that he himself had inhabited it for twenty years. He therefore prayed the archbishop to grant him licence to demolish the former, in regard that the vicarage was small, not being worth thirty pounds per annum. To which the archbishop assented, and granted his licence for that purpose in 1696.
The scite of the old house and garden was afterwards taken possession of by a dredgerman; a house has been since rebuilt on it, by a person who now claims it as his freehold, and the vicar has not as yet made any attempt to disposses him of it.
Photos from the ESCP London Gala - back after the pandemic!
The event took place on 17th March at the London Landmark Hotel.
Our Annual Student Gala is the perfect time to celebrate the innovative spirit embedded in ESCP’s genes, and this is the biggest celebration in the London Campus' social calendar!
A pioneer for more than 200 years, ESCP can be proud of a large number of innovations successfully adopted all around the world. It remains the only pan-European school, with six campuses in Berlin, London, Madrid, Paris, Turin and Warsaw, and an associated campus in Luxembourg.
Eerie Winds
www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=b9NlV...
Dear Second Life,
So far we have visited a haunted house and a haunted town, now let me take you to a forest.
This forest reminds me very much of the Blair Witch Project, a 1999 horror film.
The woods are very thick and it's very easy to get lost and find yourself going in circles.
Haunted Dark Fantasy Forest
Elven Mist
(General)
DESCRIPTION:
Wander and explore this dark foreboding landscape that is Bentham Forest.photography quests halloween spooky trees evil scary eerie fae fairy elven drow art fairytale trees fantasy mushrooms spirits horror haunted Forest by Lauren Bentham & Andrek Lowell
The arrival point is at an old cabin sitting in the woods that is full of great items to buy for this Halloween.
You can also get these items at the Market Place.
I ask that you please show some Linden love by making a donation to keep this place alive.
It is sad to see how many of our favorite places have been closed due to not having enough funds to keep them open.
Remember that any amount, big or small, helps at the end if we all make the effort to donate.
Have a wonderful Sunday my beautifuls!
Forever Yours,
~ Lori Novo ~
❤
sllorinovo.blogspot.com/2013/10/haunted-dark-fantasy-fore...
Pikmin Flower / Bacopa Cabana / Schneeflocke (Sutera cordata) - Large On Black
in our garden - Frankfurt-Nordend
Explored: 20.07.2008
Well-formed copper crystal embedded in an irregular copper mass from the Precambrian of Michigan, USA. (public display, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA)
A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are over 5500 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.
Elements are fundamental substances of matter - matter that is composed of the same types of atoms. At present, 118 elements are known. Of these, 98 occur naturally on Earth (hydrogen to californium). Most of these occur in rocks & minerals, although some occur in very small, trace amounts. Only some elements occur in their native elemental state as minerals.
To find a native element in nature, it must be relatively non-reactive and there must be some concentration process. Metallic, semimetallic (metalloid), and nonmetallic elements are known in their native state as minerals.
Copper is the only metallic element that has a "reddish" color - it’s actually a metallic orange color. Most metallic elements, apart from gold & copper, are silvery-gray colored. Copper tends to form sharp-edged, irregular, twisted masses of moderately high density. It is moderately soft, but is extremely difficult to break. It has no cleavage and has a distinctive hackly fracture.
The copper crystal shown above comes from northern Michigan's Portage Lake Volcanic Series, an extremely thick, Precambrian-aged, flood-basalt deposit that fills up an ancient continental rift valley. This rift valley, analogous to the present-day East African Rift Valley, extends from Kansas to Minnesota to the Lake Superior area to southern Michigan. Unlike many flood basalts (e.g., Deccan Traps, Siberian Traps, Columbia River), the Portage Lake only filled up the rift valley. The unit is exposed throughout Michigan’s Keweenaw Peninsula, in the vicinity of the towns of Houghton & Hancock.
The Portage Lake succession thickens northward through the Keweenaw, up to >5.5 km worth of section in places. The dominant rock type is basalt - vesicular basalts, for the most part. Most of the original vesicles (gas bubbles) have since been filled up with a wide variety of different minerals. A vesicular basalt that has had its vesicles filled up with minerals is called an amygdaloidal basalt (try saying that five times quickly). Keweenaw amygdaloidal basalts have long had significant economic importance because native copper (Cu) is one of the more common vesicle-filling and fracture-filling minerals. Copper mineralization occurred during the late Mesoproterozoic, at 1.05 to 1.06 billion years ago. The Portage Lake host rocks are 1.093 to 1.097 billion years old.
Locality: copper mine at Ahmeek, Upper Peninsula of Michigan, USA
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Photo gallery of copper: