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This image is taken from United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 10 Nos. 1-4, 1916 by Medical Heritage Library, Inc.

একুশঃ ভাষা আন্দোলনের সচিত্র ইতিহাস (১৯৪৭-১৯৫৬) - সি এম তারেক রেজা

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Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 10 Nos. 1-4, 1916

Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery

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Date: 1916

Language: eng

Vol. 10, No. 1 January 1916 PREFACE .. .... vii SPECIAL ARTICLES: A TECHNIC FOR THE ABS0RPTION TEST FOR SYPHILIS, USING HUMAN COMPLEMENT. By Surgeon C. S. Butler and Hospital Apprentice, First Class, W. P. Landon.......... ....... ......... ...... l THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS; AS IT RELATES TO THE SERVICE AND TO THE NAVAL HOSPITAL AT LAS ANIMAS, COLO. By Medical Director G. H. Barber...................... . ..... ... ... 9 STUDIES PERTAINING TO LIGHT ON SHIPBOARD. By Surgeon T. W. Richards . . ..... 19 MILITARY ORGANIZATION AND EQUIPMENT IN THE PRESENT WAR. By Surgeon A. M. Fauntleroy......... . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . 34 CLASSIFICATION OF MENTAL DISEASES. By Passed Assistant Surgeon R. Sheehan......... . 61 SECOND REPORT ON THE SCHIER TEST FOR MENTALITY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE POINT SYSTEM. By Passed Assistant Surgeon G. E. Thomas .. .•..... . . .. . . . . ..... 88 THE TREATMENT OF FRACTURED MANDIBLES. By Acting Assistant Dental Surgeon F. L. Morey.... .... . ...... . . 70 DIVING OPERATIONS IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALVAGE OF THE U.S.S. "F-4." By Passed Assistant Surgeon G. R. W. French. ........... ...... ..... 74 REPORT ON THE RECOVERY, IDENTIFICATION, AND DISPOSITION OF THE REMAINS OF THE CREW OF THE "F-4." By Surgeon W. Seaman....... .. .. .. . ... ...... . ..... .. . . .......... . 91 UNITED STATES NAVAL MEDICAL SCHOOL LABORATORIES: ADDITIONS TO THE PATHOLOGICAL COLLECTION.... ..... 97 ADDITIONS TO THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL COLLECTION.... .... 97 SUGGESTED DEVICES: A SIMPLE TEST OF STERILIZER EFFICIENCY. By Surgeon Edgar Thompson. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 99 A HANDY ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE FOR THE SICK BAY. By Surgeon A. Farenholt.. .......... .............. ...... ........... 100 DESCRIPTION OF A HORIZONTAL FLUOROSCOPE AND AN ILLUMINATING BOX MADE IN A NAVAL HOSPITAL. By Hospital Steward H. L. Gall...... . ..... . . . ..... ............... 101 CLINICAL NOTES: CREEPING ERUPTION. REPORT OF A CASE. By Passed Assistant Surgeon J. C. Parham ........ .... 103 A SPORADIC CASE OF TYPHUS FEVER. By Passed Assistant Surgeon R. G. Davis..... . ................ . .... 104 A BRANCHIOGENIC CYST. By Passed Assistant Surgeon L. W. Johnson... ....... . . .. . . . . ...... 106 BILATERAL THROMBOSIS OF CENTRAL RETINAL VEINS. By Assistant Surgeon S. Walker, jr., Medical Reserve Corps . . . . . . . . . 106 INTERNAL HERNIA. REPORT OF A CASE. By Assistant Surgeon W. C. Espach.......... ... ............ ..... ... 108 REPORT OF A CASE OF PSORIASIS LIMITED ALMOST EXCLUSIVELY TO THE SCALP. By Acting Assistant Surgeon J. H. Harris.. . . . ... .. ........ . .... ... . . .. 109 EDITORIAL COMMENT: PROGRESS OF THE WAR.. ... . ....... . ............. . .. .. ... . ........... 113 PROGRESS IN MEDICAL SCIENCES: GENERAL MEDICINE - The recruit's heart. By E. R. Stitt. Report of cerebrospinal fever in the Royal Navy. Roentgen-ray treatment of leukemia. Chronic lead poisoning in guinea-pigs; with special reference to nephritis, cirrhosis, and polyserositis. Prolonged fasting in diabetes. Proper dosage of antitoxin in diphtheria. By E. Thompson and E. L. Woods.. .. . . . . .. . . . . . . 121 MENTAL AND NERVOUS DISEASES - Clinical lecture on the psychoneuroses of war. By H. Butts. Constructive delusions. Some observations on heroin habitues. A proper classification of borderline mental cases amongst offenders. The feebly inhibited; violent temper and its inheritance. By R. Sheehan....... . ............................. . . 127 SURGERY - Renal pain: Diagnostic and clinical significance. Fulguration in the treatment of bladder tumors. Some details in the surgical treatment of tumor of the bladder. By H. W. Cole. Wound infections. byy L. W. Johnson. On the prevention of "frostbite" and other effects of cold. By C. N. Fiske. Operative treatment of bad results after fracture. End results of bone fractures. A review of the literature of fractures. The clinical status of the autograft. Mesenteric thrombosis. By A. M. Fauntleroy and E. H. H. Old .. . .. ... .. . . ...... . ..........132 HYGIENE AND SANITATION - Hygienic interpretation of recent changes in the field rations and their preparation. by E. W. Brown. Recent additions to the conception of a normal diet. Removing diphtheria bacilli with kaolin. By C. N. Fiske. .. . . . . . . . . .. .. . . ........ . . .. ..... 149 TROPICAL MEDICINE - Bilharzia in Cuba. By L.. W. Johnson. Pellagra a curable diseaese. By E . Thompson. Pellagra. Causation and treatment of pellagra. The occurrence of sprue in the United States. By E. R. Stitt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 PATHOLOGY, BACTERIOLOGY, AND ANIMAL PARASITOLOGY - Hibernation and the pituitary body. The occurrence of carriers of disease-producing types of pneumococcus. by G. F. Clark. The mode of injection and etiology of epidemic poliomyelitis. by C. N. Fiske. Observations on the proteolytic enzyme of bacillus proteus. Comparative efficacy of benzin and anisol for the destruction of parasites. Technic for culturing typhoid bacilli from stools. Report of an investigation of diphtheria carriers. The presence of acid-fast bacilli in the circulating blood and excretions. The serologic diagnosis of leprosy. The diagnostic value of the placental blood film in estivo-autumnal malaria. A further study of the bactericidal action of ethylhydrocuprein on pneumococci. By C. S. Butler and R.H. Laning.. ... ...... . .... .. ... .. .. . . . ... .. . . .. . . 156 CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACY.-A substitute for potassium permanganate to liberate formaldehyde gas from a water solution. The preparation of ammonia-free water. By C. N. Fiske. Chemopathological studies with compounds of arsenic. By R.H. Laning. Laboratory experiments with air. Comparison of the plating and microscopic methods in the bacteriological examination of milk. Beef frozen for 18 years. Tin poisoning after eating canned asparagus. Treatment of typhoid carriers with charcoal and thymol or charcoal and iodin. By E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge... . .. ... ... .. .... .... 166 EYE, EAR, NOSE, AND THROAT - The present status of tuberculin therapy in ocular tuberculosis. On dissolving senile cataract in the early stages. The treatment of glaucoma simplex. The exploratory opening of the ephenoidal sinus. Tonsillectomy in the adult; are we justified in doing so many indiscriminate tonsillectomies for remote infections. The diagnosis of otoeclerosis. Syphilis of the internal ear. Collapse of the alae nasi, its etiology and treatment. By E. J. Grow and G. B. Trible. .. ... 171 REPORTS: A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES OF THE HOSPITAL SHIP "SOLACE" WHILE IN THE PRESENCE OF THE MAJOR PORTION OF THE ATLANTIC FLEET, AT GUANTANAMO BAY, CUBA, FOR FORTY DAYS. By Medical Inspector R. M. Kennedy.. ... ... . . ... . . . . .. . . . ........ . . 177 SANITARY REPORT ON BARCELONA, SPAIN. By Passed Assistant Surgeon H . L. Brown.... . . ... . . . . . . ... .... . ... .. 183 SANITARY NOTES FROM THE U.S.S. "SARATOGA." By Passed Assistant Surgeon H. R . Hermesch... . .. . . . ... .. . . . . . 186 SANITARY NOTES FROM THE U.S.S. "HELENA." By Passed Assistant Surgeon W. L. Mann, jr.. . . . . . ... . 187 Vol. 10, No. 2 April 1916 PREFACE .. .... v SPECIAL ARTICLES: A GENERAL CONSIDERATION OF THE PRESENT STATUS OF VESICAL PAPILLOMA . By Assistant Surgeon L. C. Lehr, M. R. C.. .... .. . .... . .. . .. . .... . . 191 SUGGESTED USE OF COMBINED TABLE OF OCCUPATIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF PHYSICAL DISABILITY. By Surgeon C. N. Fiske... . .. . . . . ......... . . . . . . .... . . . .... ...... . . 199 EXCLUSION OF THE MENTALLY UNFIT FROM THE MILITARY SERVICES. By Passed Assistant Surgeon R. Sheehan.... .. ...... . . . ... . .... .. .. 213 A GREATER FIELD OF ACTIVITY FOR MEDICAL OFFICERS OF NAVY YARDS. By Medical Inspector N. J. Blackwood and Surgeon W. H. Bell. . . .. . 249 THE HOSPITAL STEWARD; CONCERNING HIS QUALIFICATIONS - PERSONAL, EDUCATIONAL, AND PROFESSIONAL. By Passed Assistant Surgeon W. E. Eaton.. . . .. . . ... ....... .. . ..... 269 STUDIES PERTAINING TO LIGHT ON SHIPBOARD. II. By Surgeon T. W. Richards.... .. ..... .. ... ....... . . . . . . ... .... . . .. 277 FUMIGATION OF THE U. S. S. TENNESSEE BY THE CYANID METHOD. By Surgeon N. Roberts, Public Health Service. Passed ASSistant Surgeon G . E. Robertson, and aSSistant Surgeon A. E. Beddoe. . .. ... . 296 THE NEW HOSPITAL CORPS FORMS. By Passed Assistant Surgeon W. E. Eaton.. . .... . ... . . . ...... ..... . 300 THE DIAGNOSIS OF SYPHILIS BY THE 'WASSERMANN REACTION. By Passed Assistant. Surgeon A. H. Allen... . .. . . .... . .. . . . ........ . 304 UNITED STATES NAVAL MEDICAL SCHOOL LABORATORIES: ADDITIONS TO THE PATHOLOGICAL COLLECTION.... ..... 309 ADDITIONS TO THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL COLLECTION.... .... 309 SUGGESTED DEVICES: APPARATUS FOR FILLING VACCINE AMPULES. By Passed Assistant Surgeon R. G. Davis. .. . . . . . ... .. ... . .. .. ... . .. 311 METHODS OP PREVENTING THE ALTERATION OF TINCTURE OF IODIN IN MILITARY SURGERY. Translation By Passed Assistant Surgeon J. A. Biello. .... ... .. . . . .... 314 CLINICAL NOTES: REPORT OF TWO CASES OF INTUSSUSCEPTION AS A SEQUEL TO WHOOPING COUGH. By Assistant Surgeon C. W. Depping. .. . . .. . ..... . .. ... . . .. . . ..... . 319 TREATMENT OF A FRACTURED FEMUR BY MEANS OF A STEINMANN NAIL. 3y Assistant Surgeon C. W. Depping....... .... .......... . ......... 320 AN UNUSUAL CASE OF HERPES ZOSTER (ZOSTER NUCHAE ET BRACHIALIS). By Passed Assistant Surgeon W. E. Eaton . . . . . . . . .... .......... .... 323 CASE OF HYPERNEPHROMA. By Passed Assistant Surgeons E. H. H. Old and R.H. Laning. . . . . . .. 324 SURGICAL CONDITIONS OF THE KIDNEY. By Surgeon C. G. Smith.. . . ... . . ... .... . .... ... . .... ........ ...... 334 PROGRESS IN MEDICAL SCIENCES: GENERAL MEDICINE.-The bacterin treatment of certain chronic pyogenic dermatoses. By W. E. Eaton. The soldier's heart. The physics of bronchopneumonia. Specific treatment of pneumonia with ethylhydrocuprein. The use of duodenal bucket in search for typhoid bacilli in typhoid convalescents. The treatment of myocarditia. By E. Thompson and J.A. Randall ....343 MENTAL AND NERVOUS DISEASES - Dementia precox and malingering. The distribution of tabetic crises with exhibition of an unusual case. Notes of a conference on medical and social aspects of syphilis of the nervous system. By R. Sheehan.. ...349 SURGERY - A plea for efficiency in the accident ward. Appendicitis as a sequel of tonsillitis. Gasoline, iodin, and alcohol in surgery. Epididymotomy. By L. W. Johnson. The treatment of fracture a lost art. The treatment of complicated fractures and present opinion of operative treatment. End-results in 242 cases of simple fracture of the femoral shaft. The artificial periosteum for fixation of shaft fractures. Talk on syphilis. Correction of depressed fractures of the nose by transplant of cartilage. By A. M. Fauntleroy and E. H. H. Old........ .. . . ................... 353 HYGIENE A.ND SANITATION - Duration of smallpox immunity conferred by successful vaccination. Further experiments in the destruction of fly larvae in horse manure. Biochemical comparisons between mature beef and immature veal. On the influence of alcohol on bactericidal properties, phagocytosis, and resistance of human erythrocytes. By C. N. Fiske and R. C. Ransdell.... .. .................................... 366 TROPICAL MEDICINE - The treatment of dysentery. Further work on the treatment of kala-azar. The treatment of hookworm disease. By E. R. Stitt.. . .. ... ................................ ... ....... .. ... . ....... 369 PATHOLOGY, BACTERIOLOGY. AND ANIMAL PARASITOLOGY - Bacteriological results in chronic leukemia and in pseudoleukemia. The acceleration of esterase action; studies on ferment action. By G. F. Clark. Combined preventive inoculation against typhoid and paratyphoid fever and bacillary dysentery. The complement-fixation reactions of the Bordet-Gengou bacillus. The bacteria of gangrenous wounds. Studies in nonspecific complement fixation. Report on the results of the bilharzia mission in Egypt, 1915. The etiology of rat-bite fever. By C. S. Butler and R.H. Laning................................................. . 374 EYE, EAR. NOSE, AND THROAT - Ethmoiditis; its varied effects and their probable prevention; or, when fully established, their possible cure. Obstruction of the posterior nasal orifice. The space sense and the labyrinth. Acute middle-ear inflammations. Vocal strain from a laryngologist's standpoint . its causes and prevention. By E. J. Grow and G. B. Trible... ....... ... ................. .. ..... . .................. . 382 REPORTS: MILITARY MEDICAL WORK IN CONSTANTINOPLE. By Passed Assistant Surgeon E. P. Huff. ... ......................... 387 Vol. 10, No. 3 July 1916 PREFACE.... . .. .. . ..... . . . . ..... . ........ . ...... . .. . ....... .. ...... . .... vii SPECIAL ARTICLES: A. CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF ARTIFICIAL ILLUMINATION. By Medical Director J. D. Gatewood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 CONCUSSION OF THE BRAIN. By Assistant Surgeon J.C. Dacosta, M. R. C. . ............. . ......... 416 THE ATMOSPHERE AND ITS RELATION TO THE HUMAN MECHANISM, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE NAVAL SERVICE. By Surgeon R. C. Holcomb..... . .. .. . . .. ................ .. . . ...... 430 A SHORT STORY OP MY EXPERIENCE AT THE RED CROSS AUXILIARY NAVAL HOSPITAL OF HAMBURG, GERMANY, DURING THE PAST EIGHT MONTHS OF THE PRESENT WAR. By Medical Director H. G. Beyer, Retired..... . .... . .. . . .. ......... 465 DIAGNOSIS OF ABDOMINAL PAIN. By Assistant Surgeon W. A. Brams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476 DOSAGE IN ROENTOENOTHERAPY. By Assistant Surgeon A. Soiland, M. R. C. . ..... ......... . . . ... .... 484 NOTES ON THE PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF 1,880 APPLICANTS FOR ENLISTMENT IN THE NAVY. By Acting Assistant Surgeon C.H. Lowell. .. . ... . ... . ....... . ..... 487 THE PRACTICABILITY OR DESIRABILITY OF OMITTING FROM THE SUPPLY TABLE CERTAIN DRUGS. By Hospital Steward J. A. Ortolan... . . . ................... . ..... .. 490 UNITED STATES NAVAL MEDICAL SCHOOL LABORATORIES: ADDITIONS TO THE PATHOLOGICAL COLLECTION... . .. . . . . 493 ADDITIONS TO THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL COLLECTION. . .....493 SUGGESTED DEVICES: . FIRST-AID· DRESSINGS ON BATTLESHIPS. By Surgeon G. F. Freeman .. .. . .... . .. . ........ . ..... ... ... .... . .. 495 CLINICAL NOTES: THE LEWISOHN CITRATE METHOD OP BLOOD TRANSFUSION WITH REPORT OF A CASE OF TRAUMATIC GLUTEAL ANEURISM IN WHICH THIS METHOD WAS EMPLOYED. By Surgeon R. B. Williams . . .. .. . . . . .. ..... ... . . ... . ... . ... 503 REPORT OF A CASE OF LUDWIG'S ANGINA. By Assistant Surgeon W. A. Brams. . . ... . 506 RUPTURE OF LIVER; REPORT OF A CASE. By Assistant Surgeon C. W. Depping. .. .. ... . . . . . . . . . . . 510 SYPHILIS IN A CHAMORRO. By Passed Assistant Surgeon L. W. Johnson. . .. . .. . . . ... .. ...... . .. 511 REPORT OF A CASE OP INTUSSUSCEPPTION CAUSED BY A MECKEL'S DIVERTICULUM By Surgeon A. M. Fauntleroy. . ............ . . . . . . . . . . .511 ADVANTAGES NOTED IN THE USE OF McDONALD'S SOLUTION. By Passed Assistant Surgeon P. R. Stalnaker. . .... .. .. . ......... .. .. 514 HEMATOMA OF ABDOMINAL PARIETES. By Surgeon J. S. Taylor........ . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . .. .. .. ....... . . . 515 BAYONET WOUND OF THE ABDOMEN. By Assistant Surgeonn W. B. Hetfield... ... . ... . . . . . 516 PROGRESS IN MEDICAL SCIENCES: GENERAL MEDICINE - Gassing accidents from the fumes of explosives. By C. G. Smith. The etiology and experimental production of herpes zoster. By W. E. Eaton. The Allen treatment of diabetes. Chronic arthritis. By E. Thompson and J. A. Randall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519 MENTAL AND NERVOUS DISEASES - A further study of the diagnostic value of the colloidal gold reaction, together with a method for the preparation of the reagent. Psycho-analytic tendencies. Some considerations of general paralysis from the histological viewpoint. The duration of paresis following treatment. Discussion of treatment in general paresis. By R. Sheehan.. .. . . .... . ... . . . . . ... .. .............................. 528 SURGERY - The artificial limb question. The treatment of war injuries of the upper arm. By P. J. Waldner. The inefficacy of pyloric exclusion by fascial bands. Postoperative intestinal obstruction. Index of toxicity of novocain-adrenalin injected intravenously. Reversal of the circulation in the lower extremity. By A. M. Fauntleroy and E . H. H. Old.. . ... .. . . ..... . 534 HYGIENE AND SANITATION - Report of committees on the resuscitation from mine gases and electric shock. By E. W. Brown. A contribution to the fly campaign. On protection against mosquitoes. By P. J. Waldner. Medical guard. The result of closing the segregated vice district upon the public health of Cleveland. Workshop education in hygiene. By C. N. Fiske and R. C. Ransdell. . . .. .. . ............ 540 TROPICAL MEDICINE - Are there harmful and harmless hookworm infections? By C. N. Fiske. Beriberi, with special reference to prophylaxia and treatment. A method for the preparation of a nontoxic dysentery vaccine. By E. R. Stitt......... . ..................... 546 PATHOLOGY, BACTERIOLOGY, AND ANIMAL PARASITOLOGY - Autogenous vaccines in the treatment of bronchitis and asthma. The practical value of the guinea-pig test for the virulence of diphtheria bacilli. By G. F. Clark. Methods of using diphtheria toxin in the Schick test and of controlling the reaction. Results with cholesterinized antigens in non-syphilitic sera. On the toxicity of various commercial preparations of emetin hydrochlorid. Bactericidal and protozoacidal activity of emetin hydrochlorid in vitro and in vivo. Two chronic amebic dysentery carriers treated by emetin, with some remarks on the treatment of Lamblia, Blastocystis, and E. coli infections. By C. S. Butler and R.H. Laning. ....549 CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACY - A discussion of acidosis with special reference to that occurring in diseases of children. By R . H. Laning. Testing distilled water as regards its wit.ability for the preparation of salvarsan solutions. Improved heroin test for blood. Cause and significance of an abnormal reaction obtained in testing urine for sugar with Fehling's solution. New test for reducing sugars in urine. Rapid method of counting bacteria in milk. Estimation of carbon dioxide in air by Haldane's apparatus. By E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge. . . ... . .. . ........ 555 EYE, EAR, NOSE, AND THROAT - Researches upon the requisite visual acuity and refraction of infantry. Autointoxication and eye diseases. Orientation and equilibration. Deafness due to syphilis. Hay-fever; its cause and prevention. A study of 500 tonsil enucleations with the Beck-Pierce tonsillectome. By E. J. Grow and G. B. Trible..... . .............. . .. 559 REPORTS: SANITATION OF AMERICAN SAMOA. By Surgeon E. G. Parker........... . . ... . . ....... . . ......... . ... ... 563 REPORT OF MEDICAL RELIEF AFFORDED IN FLOODED DISTRICTS OF SAN DIEGO. By Assistant Surgeon C. I. Wood. .. ..... . .......................... 567 THE MARINE DETACHMENT WITH THE PANAMA·PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION By Passed Assistant Surgeon K. C. Melhorn.. . . . . . . 569 EARLY HISTORY OF THE NAVAL HOSPITAL RESERVATION, WASHINGTON, D . C. By Medical Director J. D. Gatewood................. . .... .. .. . . .... . 573 A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES OF THE HOSPITAL SHIP "SOLACE" WHILE IN THE PRESENCE OF THE MAJOR PORTION OF THE ATLANTIC FLEET AT GUANTANAMO BAY, CUBA, FOR 61 DAYS FROM FEBRUARY 9, 1916, TO APRIL 9, 1916. By Medical Inspector R. M. Kennedy .......... 574 THE FRENCH HOSPITAL OF CHUNGKING, CHINA. By Assistant Surgeon W. B. Hetfield............................... 583 Vol. 10, No. 4 September 1916 PREFACE................................................................ vii SPECIAL ARTICLES: STUDIES OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS WHICH OCCURRED IN THE NAVY YARD AT WASHINGTON, D. C. By Passed Assistant Surgeon W. A. Bloedorn ....... . .. 585 INTOXICATION BY DETONATION AND EXPLOSION GASES ABOARD SHIP. By Surgeon K. OhneSorg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 626 FLAT POOT AND ITS MEASUREMENTS. By Acting Assistant Surgeon M. Clements............................. 634 PREVENTION OF MALARIA IN THE FIELD. By Passed Assistant Surgeon F. X. Koltes........................... 640 A WASSERMANN SURVEY ON 500 APPRENTICE SEAMEN. By Passed Assistant Surgeon C. B. Munger......................... 642 MALINGERING IN MENTAL DISEASE. By Passed Assistant Surgeon R. Sheehan......... . . . . . . . . . . . . 646 THE REORGANIZATION OF THE HOSPITAL CORPS. By Passed Assistant Surgeon W. E. Eaton........................... 654 THE RELATION OF SEPTIC MOUTH TO ARTHRITIS. By Acting Assistant Dental Surgeon F. L. Morey..................... 658 CLIMACTIC BUBO. By Assistant Surgeon C. E. Treibly......... .. . . . . . . . . . . 661 UNITED STATES NAVAL, MEDICAL SCHOOL LABORATORIES: ADDITIONS TO THE PATHOLOGICAL COLLECTION... . .. . . . . 665 SUGGESTED DEVICES: A DENTAL FOUNTAIN FOR THE CREW'S USE. By Passed Assistant Surgeon W. M. Kerr........................... 666 CLINICAL NOTES: A CASE OF GANGOSA. By Passed Assistant Surgeon L. W. Johnson and Assistant Surgeon C. W. Depping................................................. 667 CHRONIC LUMPHATIC LEUKEMIA WITH ACUTE EXACERBATION AND FATAL TERMINATION. By Assistant Surgeon C.H. Weaver................................. 668 CASE REPORTS FROM U.s. NAVAL HOSPITAL, PORTSMOUTH, N. H. By Surgeon F. M. Bogan.......................................... 671 ACUTE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION DUE TO VOLVULUS. By Assistant Surgeon C. I. Wood.................................... 673 SPLENITIS. REPORT OF A CASE. By Assistant Surgeon T. Wilson.................................... 674 SOME UNUSUAL CASES OF SYPHILIS. By Assistant Surgeon M. B. Hiden................................. 676 GUNSHOT WOUND OF THE KIDNEY. REPORT OF A CASE. By Assistant Surgeon C. W. Depping................................ 679 VESICAL CALCULUS. REPORT OF A CASE. By Passed Assistant Surgeon T. W. Reed........................... 680 A CASE OF GASOLINE POISONING. By Assistant Surgeon O. C. Foote................................... 681 PROGRESS IN MEDICAL SCIENCES: GENERAL MEDICINE - Coleman diet in typhoid fever. By W. S. Pugh. Cutaneous reaction from proteins in eczema. By W. E. Eaton. Some therapeutic uses for the ultraviolet rays. By E. Thompson and J. A. Randall ........ 683 MENTAL AND NERVOUS DISEASES - Spinal injuries of warfare. Diagnostic value of Lange's gold sol test. Studies on alcoholic hallucinoses. The alcoholic as seen in court. Effects of syphilis upon the central nervous system. The Wassermann test in practical psychiatry. Abstract of a psychological study of 300 prisoners in the Massachusetts State Prison. By R. Sheehan ..................... 689 SURGERY - A canvas sling for loading wounded from barges and boats into hospital transports. By C. B. Camerer. Open wound treatment with cotton rings and gauze cover. By P. J. Waldner. Nitrous oxid-oxygen, the most dangerous anesthetic. The treatment of peritonitis. Localization and extraction of projectiles and shell framents. By A. M. Fauntleroy and E. H. H. Old........................................ 698 HYGIENE AND SANITATION - The Schick reaction and its applications. By J. A. Randall. Diphtheria immunity - natural, active, and passive; its determination by the Schick test. The bacillus carrier and the restaurant. The employment of rat poison as a measure for preventing and exterminating plague. Some observations on causes of high bacterial counts in market milk. By C. N. Fiske and R. C. Ransdell .........708 TROPICAL MEDICINE - On agglutination reactions with normal sera. Memorandum on the prevention of amebic dysentery. By E. R. Stitt...... 712 PATHOLOGY, BACTERIOLOGY, AND ANIMAL PARASITOLOGY -Sputum cultures with subsequent complement-fixation control. A new culture medium for the isolation of Bacillus typhosus from stoole. A new differential culture medium for the cholera vibrio. Therapeutic possibilities of antitetanus serum. Remarks on B. welchii in the stools of pellagrins. By G. F. Clark. Observations on the production of antibodies after antityphoid inoculation. A study of various methods for determining the virulence of diphtheria bacilli. A study of acid production by diphtheria bacilli. The relation of the carbohydrate-splitting ferments to the soluble toxins of diphtheria bacilli. By C. S. Butler and R. H. Laning .. . . . . . 714 CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACY - Modification of Rose's method for the estimation of pepsin. Experimental study of fever. Changes in the Ninth Decennial Revision of the U.S. Pharmacopeia. By E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge........................................................ 720 EYE, EAR, NOSE, AND THROAT - The blood-clot dressing in simple mastoid abecess. Chronic suppurative ethmoiditis. Circumscribed purulent leptomeningitis due to frontal sinusitis. Radium in the field of laryngology. By E. J. Grow and G. B. Trible........................... 72S REPORTS (TOPOGRAPHICAL BXTRACTS FROM ANNUAL SANITARY REPORTS): MONROVIA, LIBERIA. FREETOWN, SIERRA LEONE. By Passed Assistant Surgeon W. L. Irvine.......................... 725 THE M0SQUITO COAST AND THE CAYMANS. By Assistant Surgeon W.W. Hargrave.... 737 LA ROMANA, SANTO DOMINGO, ST. MARC AND GONAIVES, HAITI. By Assistant Surgeon J. B. Helm.................................. 741 LA CEIBA, TELA, AND PUERTO CORTEZ, HONDURAS. PUERTO BARRIOS, GUATEMALA. By Assistant Surgeon T. A. Fortescue. ......748 TAMPICO AND VERA CRUZ. By Assistant Surgeon A. E. Younie............................... 761 PROGRESO, CARMEN, AND MERIDA, MEXICO. By Assistant Surgeon J. F. Riordan............764 THE UPPER YANGTZE RIVER. SANITARY NOTES FROM THE U.S.S. MONOCACY. By Assistant Surgeon W. B. Hetfield..... 767 SOME ASPECTS OF MEDICAL INTEREST OF THE RECENT UPRISING IN CHINA. By Assistant Surgeon W. B. Hetfield..... 760 SANITARY NOTES FROM THE UNITED STATES NAVAL TRAINING STATION, SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. By Surgeon P. S. Rossiter................ 764 INDEX .................................................... 767

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Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 4, Nos. 1-4, 1910

Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery

Publisher:

Sponsor:

Contributor:

Date: 1910

Language: eng

Table of Contents

Number 1

Preface v

Special articles 1

Chronic nonsuppurative osteoplastic periostitis of traumatic origin, by

George Pickrell and L. M. Schmidt 1

Shooting glasses for riflemen, by E. S. Bogert, jr 11

Suggestions on taking finger prints, by John D. Hall 17

Meat poisoning in the navy, by L. W. Curtis 23

Runner's cramp, a peculiar occupation neurosis, by L. M. Schmidt 25

Venereal prophylaxis, by W. J. Zalesky 28

Medical conditions in the Fiji Islands, by K. A. Bachman 30

Suggested devices 39

Construction of an improvised incubator, by F. G. Abeken and R.

Cuthbertson 39

A gall-bladder dressing, by H. L. Call 40

Clinical notes 43

Report of a typhoid carrier, by C. S. Butler 43

Report of two cases of the variola form of syphilis, by F. M. Furlong

44

Notes on cases treated by vaccines, by M. H. Simons 46

Heat exhaustion on the U. S. S. California, by E. G. Parker 48

A case of gunshot injury of the kneejoint, by Raymond Spear 49

An operation for ectropion, by Raymond Spear 50

Report of a case of amoebiasis. by A. E. Peck 51

Report of a case of acute perforative gangrenous appendicitis, by J. B.

Dennis and A. C. Stanley 54

Case of Vincent's angina, by L. C. Whiteside 56

Two cases of opthalmia gonorrhea, by R. R. Richardson 57

Current comment 59

Venereal prophylaxis 59

Health records for the naval personnel 59

Hygiene exhibitions 61

A few notes on malingering, by F. M. Furlong 62

Perfected routine of dosage, etc., in the treatment of tuberculosis by

the administration of mercury, by B. L. Wright 66

Progress in medical sciences 69

Laboratory —A new method for the clinical estimation of total nitrogen

in urine, feces or other organic materials; a clinical modification of the

Folin-Schaffer method for the estimation of uric acid in the urine 69

Reviews: A simple method of estimating the amount of sugar in diabetic

urine; a modification of the Esbach method for estimation of albumin in the

urine: a new albuminometer; a new, simple method

of sugar estimation in the urine by the glucosometer; on the

application of the deviation of complement test in the detection of albuminous

substances in the urine; the clinical determination of amido acids in the

urine, O. J. Mink and E. W. Brown 74

Chemistry and pharmacy —Uber das Aconitin der japaniechen

Aconitknollen; the influence of certain drugs upon the toxicity of acetanilide and

antipyrine; the effect of work on the creatine content of muscle; the

pharmacological assay of the heart tonics; the estimation and quantitative

significance of hydrochloric acid in the gastric contents; the action of

digestive ferments upon each other, P. J. Waldner and C. Schaffer 76

Pathology and bacteriology —Antityphoid vaccines with attenuated live cultures;

outbreak of food poisoning after a Christmas dinner; on the use of certain new

chemical tests in the diagnosis of general paralysis and tabes; the occurrence

of acetonuria following ether anesthesia; the treatment of gonocoecus

infections by vaccines; concerning the mechanism of the aero-reaction of syphilis;

investigation of blood for tubercle bacilli; on subcutaneous and ophthalmal

tuberculin reaction in lepers;

the diagnosis of syphilis by some laboratory methods; cancer in man and

animals; relation of the spiroclneta pallida to general paralysis; influenzal

meningitis; htemolysis in the diagnosis of malignant neoplasms; the Wasserman

reaction in leprosy, 0. J. Mink and F. M. Shook 79

Medical zoology — The development of the miracidium of paragonimus under

various physical conditions; studies on protozoan parasites in sea fishes; two

interesting bilharzial conditions; hookworms and the death rate; filariasis of

the spermatic cord; the reaction of the white blood cells to the presence of

tenia in the intestine of man, R. C. Holcomb and P. E. Garrison 85

Tropical medicine — The relapsing fever of Panama; studies upon

leprosy; antiplague measures in California; histoplasmosis; blackwater fever, C.

S. Butler 90

Hygiene and sanitation —The processes for the disinfection of dwellings

with formaldehyde and potassium permanganate, the amounts of gaseous

formaldehyde given out in each and their practical significance; comparative

investigations on the practical values of certain methods of disinfection with

formaldehyde w ithout the employment of any apparatuses; fly-borne enteric

fever—the source of infection; tuberculosis in Japan; the destruction of

mosquitoes by the French in West Africa by the "trous-pieges; " the

cruiser Alger in the Far East, H.G. Beyer and F. L. Pleadwell 95

Surgery —The use of silver wire in opening the kidney; fractures of the

radial shaft, rotation deformity (occurrence and diagnosis), and aluminum

plates; an ovarian abscess containing a lumbricoid worm; surgery of the stomach, C. F. Stokes and K.

Spear 106

General medicine— The obliteration of the craving for narcotics, the arylarsenate

treatment of syphilis—its probable future effects in the services; a new

treatment of locomotor ataxia; " traitement a vide" of enteric fever;

on the relation between alcoholism and tuberculosis; the treatment of amoebic

dysentery, T. W. Kichards 110

Reports and letters 117

Report on the American Public Health Association, by F. L. Pleadwell..

117

Report on the Sixteenth International Congress of Medicine, Budapest, August-September,

1909, by J. C. Wise 128

Report on the camp of instruction, Antietam, Md., 1909, by M. S.

Elliott. 130

Number 2

Preface v

Special articles 135

The commissary department in naval hospitals, by P. A. Lovering 135

The presence of the lepra bacillus in the circulating blood, by G. B.

Crow. 143

Preliminary report of the finding of hookworm in American Samoa, by P.

S. Rossiter 145

The prevention of venereal diseases in the navy, by Raymond Spear 146

The rational treatment of arteriosclerosis, by C. H. T. Lowndes 150

Treatment of syphilis at Hot Springs, Ark., by W. S. Hoen 154

Suggested devices 159

A portable sanitary scuttle-butt, by E. G. Parker 159

Suggestions for diet kitchen equipment, by Stephen Wierzbieki 161

Notes on colonic anesthesia, by W. S. Pugh, jr 163

Clinical notes 167

Clinical notes from the United States Naval Hospital, Mare Island,

Cal., by U. R. Webb 167

Surgical cases from the U. S. S. Tacoma, by W. S. Pugh, jr 171

Osteomyelitis following fracture, by B. F. Jenness 180

A case of appendicostomy, by Raymond Spear 182

Report of three cases from the U. S. S. Relief, by A. W. Dunbar 184

A case of Landry's paralysis, by H. L. Kelley and J. A. Randall 185

Heat exhaustion on the U. S. S. Colorado, by J. T. Kennedy 187

Two cases of mild heat exhaustion on the U. S. S. Charleston, by Oliver

Diehl 189

Bolo wound involving the brain, by C. F. Ely 190

A case of goundou with coexisting leontiasis, by I. S. K. Reeves 191

Severe rupial eruption appearing as one of the first symptoms and the only

eruption in a case of secondary syphilis, by R. R. Richardson 192

Operations for suppurative ear disease, by R. W. McDowell 193

Notes of two surgical cases, by H. C. Curl 194

Note on cases of fever at Pichilinque Bay, Mexico, by J. L. Neilson 194

A case of neurosis hysteroides, by E. C. White 195

Varix of both superficial epigastric veins, by R. R. Richardson 196

Current comment , 197

Reports of surgical operations 197

The early diagnosis of syphilis and its importance from a service stand

point, by O. J. Mink 197

A few timely comments on clothing, by H. G. Beyer 200

The importance of eliminating the cocaine habitue from the personnel of

the U. S. Navy and Marine Corps, by W. D. Owens 204

Injuries from football at the Naval Academy, by C. E. Riggs 205

Muscular spasms in men exposed to high temperatures, by M. E. Higgins.

207

Notes on sanitation at Port Royal, S. C, by R. E. Riggs 208

Reports on venereal prophylaxis, by W. S. Pugh, jr., W. A. Angwin, N.

T. McLean, J. M. Edgar, J. S. Taylor, and F. G. Abeken 211

Are dead typhoid cultures of value for use on board ship in Widal'a

reaction, by C. S. Butler 222

Progress in medical sciences 225

Laboratory — The Noguchi test for syphilis; a concentration method for

tubercle bacilli; a simple method of preparing sugar broth media; a simple

method of preparing Bang's solution. Reviews: The diagnosis of syphilis by some

laboratory methods, by O. J. Mink and E. W. Brown. 225

Chemistry and pharmacy — Der jetzige stand der physiologischen

digitalisprfifung, ihr wert fiir die praxis und fur die forschung; the

administration of drugs with regard to absorption and elimination; relative

physiological activity of some commercial solutions of epinephrin; influence of

hydrogen peroxide on hydrochloric acid secretion; the value of alimentary

levulosuria in the diagnosis of hepatic cirrhosis; oxaluria and treatment of

calcium oxalate deposit from the urine; E. R. Noves and P. J. Waldner 230

Pathology and bacteriology — Bacillus of acne; some observations on the

study of intestinal bacteria; the presence of tubercle bacilli in the

circulating blood in clinical and experimental tuberculosis; the viability of

the tubercle bacillus; the pathology of pellagra; pellagra; the Wasserman

reaction in pellagra; Zur theorie der Wassermanischer reaktion; the

pathological relationships of gastric ulcer and gastric carcinoma; O. J. Mink

and F. M. Shook 235

Medical zoology — A study of the development of Sehittosomum japonicum;

relation between the Schistosoma japonicum and the endemic "Kabure,"

report of the study on the invading route of the Schistoimma japonicum into the

human body; acute trichiniasis without initial eosinophilia; reports of the

twenty-first expedition of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine at

Jamaica; malaria; a ease of amoebic enteritis with uncinaria, trichocephalus

and trichomonads, showing results of treatment after four years; the

development of trypanosoma gambiense in glossina palpalis; Paragonomiasis or

parasitic hemoptysis, report of an imported case in California; Kala-Azar in

Madras, especially with regard to its connection with the dog and with the bug

(Conorrhinua); medical survey of the town of Taytay; P. E. Garrison 242

Tropical medicine —Typhus fever; intoxication by fish in China; note on

plague infection in a wood rat; the significance of sleeping sickness for our

colonies; weitere untersuchungen iiber das Pappataci fieber; C. S. Butler 248

Hygiene and sanitation— Untersuchungen fiber den vorgangder

selbstreinigung, ausgefuhrt am wasser des Giesner Volksbades; fiber den prozess

der selbstreinignng der naturlichen wasser nach ihrer kfinstlichen infizierung

durch bakterien; la ventilation pendant le combat; report of Bureau of Health

for the Philippine Islands, third quarter, 1909; a contribution to our knowledge

of the spread of typhoid through bacillus carriers; what may be done to improve

the hygiene of the city dweller; oral prophylaxis; fievre typhoide et eau

distilh'e a bord du " Bouvet;" a general German fencing tournament,

held on the 3d and 4th December at Dresden; report of the International Opium

Commission, Shanghai, China; H. G. Beyer and F. L. Pleadwell 253

Surgery— Resection of the colon for cancer and tuberculosis; serum

treatment of purulent processes; thoracic surgery; the technique of amputations

with especial reference to osteplastic methods; the routine examination of the

oesophagus; the treatment of acute otitic meningitis; a method of splinting

skin grafts; vaccine treatment of pyorrhea alveolaris; R. Spear and H. W. Smith

261

General medicine — Normal auscultatory differences between the sides of

the chest; two signs of diagnostic value, one in chololithiasis, the other in

incipient pulmonary tuberculosis; the diaphragm test for binocular vision; T.

W. Richards 273

Reports and letters 279

Reports on the care of wounded, Bluefields, Nicaragua, by W. S. Pugh,

jr., L. H. Wheeler, and D. G. Sutton 279

Report on physical training at the United States Naval Academy, by W.

N. McDonell 287

Number 3

Preface vi

Special articles 291

The illumination of study rooms, being a report submitted to the

superintendent of the Naval Academy, on the present system of lighting the

midshipmen's quarters in Bancroft Hall, with recommendations for its

improvement, by A. L. Parsons and II. W. Smith 291

The surgical aspects of filariasis, by C. F. Stokes 318

Venereal prophylaxis on the Asiatic Station, by Oliver Diehl 325

Dried blood serum, a substitute for fresh blood serum in the rapid

preparation of Loeffler's medium, by E. W. Brown 337

U.S. Naval Medical School laboratories 339

The need for a pathological collection at the United States Naval

Medical School, by C. S. Butler 339

Helminthological technique, by P. E. Garrison 345

Demonstration of treponema pallidum, by F. M. Shook 355

Preliminary report on a proposed method for the volumetric estimation

of mercury, by J. R. Herbig 356

Suggested devices 357

An "unlearnable " vision test card for use in the naval

service, by E. J. Grow 357

A suggested bunk tray, by G. F. Freeman 362

Clinical notes 365

Report of two cases of cerebro-spinal fever, by J. B. Kaufman 365

Acute ear diseases following swimming, by L. M. Schmidt 368

Direct transfusion of blood in a case of shock and hemorrhage, by R. B.

Williams 372

A case of liver abscess demonstrating the value of a differential count

in diagnosis, by E. R. Stitt 376

Five cases of cholera at naval station, Cavite, P. I., by H. L. Kelley

377

The Hagner operation, report of five cases, by L. W. Johnson 378

Clinical notes from Naval Hospital, Norfolk, Va., by E. O. J. Eytinge

380

Fracture of epiphysis of os calcis by muscular contraction, by Raymond

Spear 383

A case of fracture of the base of the skull, by Raymond Spear 383

A case of heavy hymenolepis nana infection, with a note as to

treatment, by E. R. Stitt and D. G. Allen 384

Report of 12 cases of beriberi, by J. A. Randall 385

Carron oil in the treatment of otitis media suppurativa (acuta), by R.

E. Riggs 386

Pericarditis associated with impetigo herpetiformis (?) followed by

grave systematic disturbance and interesting pathological lesions, by H. L.

Kelley 387

Blastomycotic lesions in a case of syphilis, by E. R. Stitt and S. L.

Higgins. 388

Current comment 391

Results of venereal prophylaxis not likely to be apparent in general

statistics of 1909 391

Typhoid vaccination 391

International military medical statistics 393

Varicocele and the public- services 394

Importance of ophthalmoscopy at recruiting stations, by J. A. Murphy

395

Progress in medical sciences 399

Chemistry and pharmacy — Rapid chemical filtration compared to slow sand

filtration; the question of the so-called physiological albuminuria; a

contribution to Hang's method for estimation of sugar; the estimation of

ammonia and acidity in the urine and their clinical application; thymol an a

source of error in Heller's test for urinary protein; physiological effects of

high temperature and humidity; direct identification of acetone in urine; the

pancreas reaction of Cammidge; rapid detection of boric acid in butter and

milk. E. W. Brown and P. J. Waldner 399

Pathology and bacteriology — Changes in the pancreas in diabetes; the

Cammidge reaction; acute pancreatitis and urinary findings; the specific treatment

of carcinoma; concentration method for tubercle bacilli; ueber die nach Ziehl

nicht darstellbare form des tuberkelbazillus; nachweis bedeutung der

tuberkelbazillen in stroemendem pthisikerblut; ueber die granulare form des

tuberculosevirus im lungenauswurf ; the cultivation of the leprosy bacillus;

ueber den nachweis von indol in den bakterischeu kulturen mit der Ehrlichschen

methode; the relation of the pseudo-diphtheria and the diphtheria bacillus; the

influence of age and temperature upon the potency of anti-diphtheritic serum and

antitoxin globulin solution; the value of opsonic determinations in the

discovery of typhoid carriers; the distribution of bacteria in bottled milk and

certain controlling factors; are acid-fast bacteria other

than the tubercle bacillus commonly met in clinical laboratory work; acid-fast

organisms in waters; the treatment of infection of the urinary tract with

bicterial vaccines; the B. fecalia alkaligines pathogenic for

man; treatment of typhoid carriers; a preliminary inquiry into the prevalence

of paratyphoid fever in London, with remarks on blood culture in 48 cases of

enteric fever, O. J. Mink and F. M. Shook 403

Medical zoology —Guinea worm in domesticated animals, with a note of its

discovery in a leopard; the effect of mosquito larvae upon drinking water; the

existence of living creatures in the stomach as a cause of chronic dyspepsia; a

study of the anatomy of Watsonius (n. g.), watsoni of man and of 19 allied

species of mammalian trematode worms of the superfamily paramphistomoidea, P.

E. Garrison 415

Tropical medicine- Yaws as a cause of chronic ulceration; on the nature

and origin of Calabar swellings; two cases of balantidium infection with autopsy,

C. S. Butler 418

Hygiene and sanitation — Die handedesinfektion bei typhus-

bazillentragern; vorkommen und bedeutung der streptokokken in der milch; the

control of scarlet fever; a note on squirrel fleas as plague carriers; the communications

of diarrhea from the sick, to the healthy; summer diarrhea and enteric fever;

rapport d'inspection generale de l'escadre du nord; H. G. Beyer and F. L.

Pleadwell 421

Surgery — Terminal arterial anesthesia; varicocele, an analysis of 403

cases; the method of respiration by intratracheal insufflation, its scientific principle

and its practical availability in medicine and surgery; avoidance of apparatus

complicating operation in thoracic surgery; experimental intrathoracic surgery

by the Meltzer and Auer method of intratracheal insufflation; the value of

continuous intratracheal insufflation of air (Meltzer) in thoracic surgery; the

treatment of diffuse progressive free peritonitis; ueber carbenzyn; carbenzym

bei tuberkulosen affektionen; ueber die dosierung der stauungshyperamie; the

after-results of the operative treatment of hemorrhoids; some experiments on

the relative susceptibility of different teeth to dental caries, R. Spear and

H. W. Smith. 438

General medicine — Review of current progress in medicine; the adequacy

of the present-day treatment of syphilitic diseases of the nervous system; Syphilis

and parasyphilis of the nervous system; la reazione di Wassermann nelle

malattie cutanee; treatment of syphilis by intramuscular injection of metallic

mercury; on the treatment of tetanus by the intraspinal injection of a solution

of magnesium sulphate, with cases; hospital infection of tuberculosis; current

conceptions of hysteria; an acute infectious disease of unknown origin; A. W.

Dunbar and T. W. Richards 447

Reports and letters 457

Report on U. S. Pharmacopceial Convention, 1910, by P. J. Waldner 457

Number 4

Preface v

Special articles 459

Insanity in the navy, by Heber Butts 469

Notes on the presence and prevalence of Xecator americanus in Samoa, by

P. S. Rossiter 476

Problems of sanitation in landing and expeditionary service in tropical

and subtropical regions, translation by P. J. Waldner 479

United States Naval Medical School laboratories 499

Helminthological technique, by P. E. Garrison 499

Suggested devices 513

An improvised incubator for ships, by L. W. McGuire 513

An efficient rat-killing device for use on board ship, by F. M. Munson

514

Clinical notes 515

A case of atypic typhoid, with sudden death, by E. R. Stitt 515

A case of excision of the clavicle, by Raymond Spear 518

Appendicular abscess; rupture into peritoneal cavity; operation and

recovery, by A. D. McLean 517

Case of suppurative appendicitis, by C. W. Smith 519

Meningitis of primary origin (pneumococcus), by E. R. Stitt 529

A case of metastatic pneumonia complicating tonsillitis, by W. A.

Angwin. 521

Report of a case of acute yellow atrophy of liver, by E. R. Stitt and

D. A. Gregory 522

A case clinically resembling rhinopharyngitis mutilans, by E. R. Stitt

524

External urethrotomy without a guide, by E. G. Parker 524

Note on the possible existence of both Agchylostoma duodenale and

Necator americarms at Guam, by E. R. Stitt 525

Current comment 527

New order for appointment of medical officers in the navy 527

New naval health record 527

Diphtheria prophylaxis 529

Peculiar advantages of local anaesthesia in ordinary hernia operations

in the naval service, by H. C. Curl 539

Progress in medical sciences 533

Chemistry and pharmacy — An experimental and clinical study of the

functional activity of the kidneys by means of phenolsulphonephthalein; the

biological standardization of drugs; the detection of methyl alcohol,

especially in the presence of ethyl alcohol; a simple method for the rapid and

accurate determination of the alcoholic content of fluids; a method for

determining the alkalinity of the blood; contributions to clinical methods for

urinary analysis; a method for the estimation of nitrogen in the urine; a method

for the direct test for acetone in the urine; a study of Nylander's reaction;

the so-called Cammidge test; the occurrence of and a clinical test for soluble

protein in the feces; a test of pancreatic function, E. W. Brown and O. G. Ruge

533

Pathology and bacteriology — Anaphylaxis and its relation to clinical

medicine; on the preparation of a simple culture medium; the cultivation of the

tubercle bacilli directly from the sputum by means of antiformin; the hospital

laboratory with special reference to diagnosis in surgical cases; the

cerebro-spinal fluid, O. J. Mink and F. M. Shook 545

Medical zoology — Helminthic infection and its relation to

eosinophilia: the ant as a destroyer of flies; amebic dysentery in New York;

the Gastrodiscus hominis in the Philippines; note on the presence of Bilharzia

haematobia in Egyptian mummies of the twentieth dynasty (1250-1000 B. C). P- E-

Garrison 551

Tropical medicine— Transmission of pest without rate and without fleas;

the etiology of beriberi; beriberi-Forschungen in den Niederlandisch

ostindischen Kolonien, besonders in Bezug aul" Prophylaxis und Heilung;

the work of the board for the study of tropical diseases in the Philippines, C.

S. Butler 552

Hygiene and sanitation — Explosions-gase und ihre Wirkung auf den Menchen;

Eine von Bazillentragern hervorgerufene Typhus-epidemie in der X V. Division

von Japan; the sputum of typhoid fever patients as a possible source of

infection; Ueber die Beurteilung des Colibakterienbefundes in Trinkwasser nebst

Bemerkungen iiber den Xachweis und das Vorkommen der Colibazillen; quantitative

investigations on the absorption of benzol from the air by animal and man:

studies on the absorption of chlorinated hydrocarbons from the air by animals

and man; on the absorption of hydrochloric acid vapors by animals during

prolonged experiments; hygiene in the French navy, H. G. Beyer and F. L.

Pleadwell

558

Surgery— On the experimental surgery of the thoracic aorta and the

heart; clinical experiences with intratracheal insufflation (Meltzer) with remarks

upon value of the method for thoracic surgery; the surgical management of

urethral stricture and its complications; Hunterian lecture on the surgery of

the lymphatic system: a tourniquet for the control of hemorrhage from the scalp

during osteoplastic resection of the skull; a further contribution on the

sterilization of the skin of operative areas; note on the neuropathology

cytology of anemia, infections, Grave's disease, and surgical shock; the

treatment of post-operative adhesions; an improved method of preparing catgut

ligatures; observations on the condition of the mouth in 1,000 consecutive

cases of chronic disease, R. Spear and E. Thompson 567

General medicine — The clinical aspects of arteriosclerosis;

trichinosis, a clinical study of fifty-two sporadic cases; some further

investigations and observations upon the pathology of rheumatic fever; etiology

of chronic arthritis; Grave's disease, A. VV. Dunbar and T. W. Richards.. 578

Prospectus of United States Naval Medical School, Washington, D. C 585

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GOD MURUGAN And his PEACOCK and COCK - Art by AniKarthikeyan,Chennai,TamilNadu,India by Artist ANIKARTICK,Chennai(T.Subbulapuram VASU)

Kartikeya, also known as Skanda, Murugan and Subramaniyan, is the Hindu god of war. He is the commander-in-chief of the army of the devas (gods) and the son of Shiva and Parvati.

Murugan is often referred to as "Tamil Kadavul" (meaning "God of Tamils") and is worshiped primarily in areas with Tamil influences, especially South India, Sri Lanka, Mauritius, Malaysia, Singapore and Reunion Island. His six most important shrines in India are the Arupadaiveedu temples, located in Tamil Nadu. In Sri Lanka, Hindus as well as Buddhists revere the sacred historical Nallur Kandaswamy temple in Jaffna and Katirkāmam Temple situated deep south.[1] Hindus in Malaysia also pray to Lord Murugan at the Batu Caves and various temples where Thaipusam is celebrated with grandeur.

In Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh, Kartikeya is known as Subrahmanya with a temple at Kukke Subramanya known for Sarpa shanti rites dedicated to Him and another famous temple at Ghati Subramanya also in Karnataka. In Bengal and Odisha, he is popularly known as Kartikeya (meaning 'son of Krittika').[2]

Other names[edit]

Like most Hindu deities, Subrahmanya is known by many other names, including Senthil, Vēlaṇ, Kumāran (meaning 'prince or child or young one'), Swaminatha (meaning 'smart' or 'clever'), Saravaṇa, Arumugam or Shanmuga (meaning 'one with six faces'), Dhandapani (meaning God with a Club), Guhan or Guruguha (meaning 'cave-dweller'), Subrahmanya, Kartikeya and Skanda (meaning 'that which is spilled or oozed).[3][4] He was also known as Mahasena and the Kadamba Dynasty kings worshiped him by this name.[5]

Vedas[edit]

The Atharva Veda describes Kumaran as 'Agnibhuh' because he is form of 'Agni' (Fire God) & Agni hold in his hand when kumaran born. The Satapatha Brahmana refers to him as the son of Rudra and the six faces of Rudra. The Taittiriya Aranyaka contains the Gayatri mantra for Shanmukha. The Chandogya Upanishad refers to Skanda as the "way that leads to wisdom". The Baudhayana Dharmasutra mentions Skanda as 'Mahasena' and 'Subrahmanya.' The Aranya Parva canto of the Mahabharata relates the legend of Kartikeya Skanda in considerable detail. The Skanda Purana is devoted to the narrative of Kartikeya.[6] The Upanishads also constantly make a reference to a Supreme Being called Guha, the indweller.

The first elaborate account of Kartikeya's origin occurs in the Mahabharata. In a complicated story, he is said to have been born from Agni and Svaha, after the latter impersonated the six of the seven wives of the Saptarishi (Seven Sages). The actual wives then become the Pleiades. Kartikeya is said to have been born to destroy the Asura Mahisha.[7] (In later mythology, Mahisha became the adversary of Durga.) Indra attacks Kartikeya as he sees the latter as a threat, until Shiva intervenes and makes Kartikeya the commander-in-chief of the army of the Devas. He is also married to Devasena, Indra's daughter. The origin of this marriage lies probably in the punning of 'Deva-sena-pati'. It can mean either lord of Devasena or Lord of the army (sena) of Devas. But according to Shrii Shrii Anandamurti, in his master work on Shiva[8] and other works, Kartikeya was married to Devasenā and that is on the ground of his name as Devasena's husband, Devasenāpati, misinterpreted as Deva-senāpati (Deva's general) that he was granted the title general and made the Deva's army general.[9]

The Ramayana version is closer to the stories told in the Puranas discussed below.

Tolkappiyam, possibly the most ancient of the extant Sangam works, dated between the 3rd century BCE and 5th century CE glorified Murugan, "the red god seated on the blue peacock, who is ever young and resplendent," as "the favoured god of the Tamils."[10] The Sangam poetry divided space and Tamil land into five allegorical areas (tinai) and according to the Tirumurugarruppatai ( c. 400–450 AD) attributed to the great Sangam poet Nakkiirar, Murugan was the presiding deity the Kurinci region (hilly area). (Tirumurugaruppatai is a deeply devotional poem included in the ten idylls (Pattupattu) of the age of the third Sangam). The other Sangam era works in Tamil that refer to Murugan in detail include the Paripaatal, the Akananuru and the Purananuru. One poem in the Paripaatal describes the veneration of Murugan thus:

"We implore thee not for boons of enjoyment or wealth,

But for thy grace beatific, love and virtuous deeds."

According to the Tamil devotional work, Thiruppugazh, "Murugan never hesitates to come to the aid of a devotee when called upon in piety or distress". In another work, Thirumurukkarrupatai, he is described as a god of eternal youth;

His face shines a myriad rays light and removes the darkness from this world.[11]

The references to Murugan can be traced back to the first millennium BCE. There are references to Murugan in Kautilya's Arthashastra, in the works of Patanjali, in Kalidasa's epic poem the Kumarasambhavam. The Kushanas, who governed from what is today Peshawar, and the Yaudheyas, a republican clan in the Punjab, struck coins bearing the image of Skanda. The deity was venerated also by the Ikshvakus, an Andhra dynasty, and the Guptas.[6] The worship of Kumāra was one of the six principal sects of Hinduism at the time of Adi Shankara. The Shanmata system propagated by him included this sect. In many Shiva and Devi temples of Tamil Nadu, Murugan is installed on the left of the main deity. The story of His birth goes as follows:

Sati immolated herself in a pyre as her father King Daksha had insulted Shiva, her Lord. She was reborn as Parvathi or Uma, daughter of the King of Himalayas, Himavan. She then married her Lord Shiva. The Devas were under onslaught from the Asuras whose leader was Soorapadman. He had been granted boons that only Lord Shiva or his seed could kill him. Fearless he vanquished the Devas and made them his slaves. The Devas ran to Vishnu for help who told them that it was merely their fault for attending Daksha's yagna, without the presence of Lord Shiva. After this, they ran to Shiva for help. Shiva decided to take action against Soorapadman's increasing conceit. He frowned and his third eye- the eye of knowledge- started releasing sparks. These were six sparks in total. Agni had the responsibility to take them to Saravana Lake. As he was carrying them, the sparks were growing hotter and hotter that even the Lord of Fire could not withstand the heat. Soon after Murugan was born on a lotus in the Saravana Lake with six faces, giving him the name Arumukhan. Lord Shiva and Parvati visited and tears of joy started flowing as they witnessed the most handsome child. Shiva and Parvathi gave the responsibility of taking care of Muruga to the six Krittika sisters. Muruga grew up to be a handsome, intelligent, powerful, clever youth. All the Devas applauded at their saviour, who had finally come to release them from their woes. Murugan became the supreme general of the demi-gods, then escorted the devas and led the army of the devas to victory against the asuras.

Legends[edit]

Given that legends related to Murugan are recounted separately in several Hindu epics, some differences between the various versions are observed. Some Sanskrit epics and puranas indicate that he was the elder son of Shiva. This is suggested by the legend connected to his birth; the wedding of Shiva and Parvati being necessary for the birth of a child who would vanquish the asura named Taraka. Also, Kartikeya is seen helping Shiva fight the newborn Ganesha, Shiva's other son, in the Shiva Purana. In the Ganapati Khandam of the Brahma Vaivarta Purana, he is seen as the elder son of Shiva and Ganesha as the younger. In South India, it is believed that he is the younger of the two. A Puranic story has Ganesha obtain a divine fruit of knowledge from Narada winning a contest with Murugan. While Murugan speeds around the world thrice to win the contest for the fruit, Ganesha circumambulates Shiva and Parvati thrice as an equivalent and is given the fruit. After winning it, he offers to give the fruit to his upset brother. After this event, Ganesha was considered the elder brother owing as a tribute to his wisdom. Many of the major events in Murugan's life take place during his youth, and legends surrounding his birth are popular. This has encouraged the worship of Murugan as a child-God, very similar to the worship of the child Krishna in north India. He is married to two wives, Valli and Devasena. This lead to a very interesting name : Devasenapati viz. Pati (husband) of Devsena and/or Senapati (commander in chief) of Dev (gods)

Kartikeya symbols are based on the weapons – Vel, the Divine Spear or Lance that he carries and his mount the peacock. He is sometimes depicted with many weapons including: a sword, a javelin, a mace, a discus and a bow although more usually he is depicted wielding a sakti or spear. This symbolizes his purification of human ills. His javelin is used to symbolize his far reaching protection, his discus symbolizes his knowledge of the truth, his mace represents his strength and his bow shows his ability to defeat all ills. His peacock mount symbolizes his destruction of the ego.

His six heads represent the six siddhis bestowed upon yogis over the course of their spiritual development. This corresponds to his role as the bestower of siddhis.

In Tamil Nadu, Murugan has continued to be popular with all classes of society right since the Sangam age. This has led to more elaborate accounts of his mythology in the Tamil language, culminating in the Tamil version of Skanda Purana, called Kandha Purānam, written by Kacchiappa Sivachariyar (1350–1420 AD.) of Kumara Kottam in the city of Kanchipuram. (He was a scholar in Tamil literature, and a votary of the Shaiva Siddhanta philosophy.)

He is married to two deities, Valli, a daughter of a tribal chief and Deivayanai (also called Devasena), the daughter of Indhra. During His bachelorhood, Lord Murugan is also regarded as Kumaraswami (or Bachelor God), Kumara meaning a bachelor and Swami meaning God. Muruga rides a peacock and wields a bow in battle. The lance called Vel in Tamil is a weapon closely associated with him. The Vel was given to him by his mother, Parvati, and embodies her energy and power. His army's standard depicts a rooster. In the war, Surapadman was split into two, and each half was granted a boon by Murugan. The halves, thus turned into the peacock (his mount) and the rooster his flag, which also "refers to the sun".[12]

As Muruga is worshipped predominantly in Tamil Nadu, many of his names are of Tamil origin. These include Senthil, the red or formidable one; Arumugam, the six-faced one; Guhan and Maal-Marugan, the son-in-law of Vishnu. Murugan is venerated throughout the Tamil year. There is a six-day period of fast and prayer in the Tamil month of Aippasi known as the Skanda Shasti. He is worshipped at Thaipusam, celebrated by Tamil communities worldwide near the full moon of the Tamil month Thai. This commemorates the day he was given a Vel or lance by his mother in order to vanquish the asuras. Thirukarthigai or the full moon of the Tamil month of Karthigai signifies his birth. Each Tuesday of the Tamil month of Adi is also dedicated to the worship of Murugan. Tuesday in the Hindu tradition connotes Mangala, the god of planet Mars and war.

Other parts of India[edit]

Historically, God Kartikeya was immensely popular in the Indian subcontinent. One of the major Puranas, the Skanda Purana is dedicated to him. In the Bhagavad-Gita (Ch.10, Verse 24), Krishna, while explaining his omnipresence, names the most perfect being, mortal or divine, in each of several categories. While doing so, he says: "Among generals, I am Skanda, the lord of war."

Kartikeya's presence in the religious and cultural sphere can be seen at least from the Gupta age. Two of the Gupta kings, Kumaragupta and Skandagupta, were named after him. He is seen in the Gupta sculptures and in the temples of Ellora and Elephanta. As the commander of the divine armies, he became the patron of the ruling classes. His youth, beauty and bravery was much celebrated in Sanskrit works like the Kathasaritsagara. Kalidasa made the birth of Kumara the subject of a lyrical epic, the Kumaarasambhavam. In ancient India, Kartikeya was also regarded as the patron deity of thieves, as may be inferred from the Mrichchakatikam, a Sanskrit play by Shudraka, and in the Vetala-panchvimshati, a medieval collection of tales. This association is linked to the fact that Kartikeya had dug through the Krauncha mountain to kill Taraka and his brothers (in the Mrichchakatikam, Sarivilaka prays to him before tunnelling into the hero's house).

However, Kartikeya's popularity in North India receded from the Middle Ages onwards, and his worship is today virtually unknown except in parts of Haryana. There is a very famous temple dedicated to Him in the town of Pehowa in Haryana and this temple is very well known in the adjoining areas, especially because women are not allowed anywhere close to it. Women stay away from this temple in Pehowa town of Haryana because this shrine celebrates the Brahmachari form of Kartikeya. Reminders of former devotions to him include a temple at Achaleshwar, near Batala in Punjab, and another temple of Skanda atop the Parvati hill in Pune, Maharashtra. Another vestige of his former popularity can be seen in Bengal and Odisha, where he is worshipped during the Durga Puja festivities alongside Durga. Lord Subramanya is the major deity among the Hindus of northern Kerala. Lord Subramanya is worshipped with utmost devotion in districts of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi in the state of Karnataka. Rituals like nagaradhane are unique to this region.

Kartikeya also known as Kartik or Kartika is also worshipped in West Bengal, and Bangladesh on the last day of the Hindu month of 'Kartik'. However, the popularity of Kartik Puja (worshipping Kartik) is decreasing now, and Lord Kartik is primarily worshipped among those who intend to have a son. In Bengal, traditionally, many people drop images of Kartik inside the boundaries of different households, who all are either newly married, or else, intend to get a son to carry on with their ancestry. Lord Kartik is also associated to the Babu Culture prevailed in historic Kolkata, and hence, many traditional old Bengali paintings still show Kartik dressed in traditional Bengali style. Also, in some parts of West Bengal, Kartik is traditionally worshipped by the ancestors of the past royal families too, as in the district of Malda. Kartik Puja is also popular among the prostitutes. This can probably be linked to the fact that, the prostitutes mostly got clients from the upper class babu-s in old Kolkata, who all, in turn, had been associated to the image of Kartik (as discussed above). In Bansberia (Hooghly district) Kartik Puja festival is celebrated like Durga puja of Kolkata, Jagadhatri puja in Chandannagar for consecutive four days. The festival starts on 17 November every year and on 16 November in case of Leap year.[13] Some of the must see Puja committees are Bansberia Kundugoli Nataraj, Khamarapara Milan Samity RadhaKrishna, Kishor Bahini, Mitali Sangha, Yuva Sangha, Bansberia Pratap Sangha and many more.

In Durga Puja in Bengal, Kartikeya is considered to be a son of Parvati or Durga and Shiva along with his brother Ganesha and sisters Lakshmi and Saraswati.[14]

Kartikeya is worshiped during Durga Puja in Odisha as well as in various Shiva temples throughout the year. Kartik puja is celebrated in Cuttack along with various other parts of the state during the last phases of Hindu month of Kartik. Kartik purnima is celebrated with much joy and in a grand fashion in Cuttack and other parts in the state.

Murugan is adored by both Tamil Hindus and Sinhalese Buddhists in Sri Lanka. Numerous temples exist throughout the island. He is a favorite deity of the common folk everywhere and it is said he never hesitates to come to the aid of a devotee when called upon. In the deeply Sinhalese south of Sri Lanka, Murugan is worshipped at the temple in Katirkāmam, where he is known as Kathiravel or Katragama Deviyo (Lord of Katragama) . This temple is next to an old Buddhist place of worship. Local legend holds that Lord Murugan alighted in Kataragama and was smitten by Valli, one of the local aboriginal lasses. After a courtship, they were married. This event is taken to signify that Lord Murugan is accessible to all who worship and love him, regardless of their birth or heritage. The Nallur Kandaswamy temple, the Maviddapuram Kandaswamy Temple and the Sella Channithy Temple near Valvettiturai are the three foremost Murugan temples in Jaffna. The Chitravelayutha temple in Verukal on the border between Trincomalee and Batticaloa is also noteworthy as is the Mandur Kandaswamy temple in Batticaloa. The late medieval-era temple of the tooth in Kandy, dedicated to the tooth relic of the Buddha, has a Kataragama deiyo shrine adjacent to it dedicated to the veneration of Skanda in the Sinhalese tradition. Almost all buddhist temples house a shrine room for Kataragama deviyo(Murugan)reflecting the significance of Murugan in Sinhala Buddhism,

Based on archeological evidence found, it is believed that the Kiri Vehera was either renovated to build during the 1st century BCE. There are number of others inscriptions and ruins.[15]

By the 16th century the Kathiravel shrine at Katirkāmam had become synonymous with Skanda-Kumara who was a guardian deity of Sinhala Buddhism.[16] The town was popular as a place of pilgrimage for Hindus from India and Sri Lanka by the 15 the century. The popularity of the deity at the Kataragama temple was also recorded by the Pali chronicles of Thailand such as Jinkalmali in the 16th century. There are number of legends both Buddhist and Hindu that attribute supernatural events to the very locality.[16] Scholars such as Paul Younger and Heinz Bechert speculate that rituals practiced by the native priests of Kataragama temple betray Vedda ideals of propitiation. Hence they believe the area was of Vedda veneration that was taken over by the Buddhist and Hindus in the medieval period.[17]

Lord Murugan is one of the most important deities worshipped by Tamil people in Malaysia and other South-East Asian countries such as Singapore and Indonesia. Thai Poosam is one of the important festivals celebrated. Sri Subramanyar Temple at Batu Caves temple complex in Malaysia is dedicated to Lord Murugan.

The main temples of Murugan are located in Tamil Nadu and other parts of south India. They include the Aru Padaiveedu (six abodes) — Thiruchendur, Swamimalai, Pazhamudircholai, Thirupparangunram, Palani (Pazhani), Thiruthani and other important shrines like Mayilam, Sikkal, Marudamalai, Kundrathur, Vadapalani, Kandakottam, Thiruporur, Vallakottai, Vayalur, Thirumalaikoil, Pachaimalai and Pavalamalai near Gobichettipalayam. Malai Mandir, a prominent and popular temple complex in Delhi, is one of the few dedicated to Murugan in all of North India apart from the Pehowa temple in Haryana.

There are many temples dedicated to Lord Subramanya in Kerala. Amongst them are Atiyambur Sri Subramanya Temple in Kanhangad Kasaragod, Payyannur Subramanya Swamy temple in Payyanur, Panmana Subramanya Swamy temple in Panmana and the Subramanya temple in Haripad. There is a temple in Skandagiri, Secunderabad and one in Bikkavolu, East Godavari district in the state of Andhra Pradesh. In Karnataka there is the Kukke Subramanya Temple where Lord Murugan is worshiped as the Lord of the serpents. Aaslesha Bali, Sarpa Samskara with nagapathista samarpa are major prayers here. There is a temple called Malai Mandir in South Delhi. Malai means hill in Tamil. Mandir means temple in Hindi.

The key temples in Sri Lanka include the sylvan shrine in Kataragama / (Kadirgamam) or Kathirkamam in the deep south, the temple in Tirukovil in the east, the shrine in Embekke in the Kandyan region and the famed Nallur Kandaswamy temple in Jaffna. There are several temples dedicated to Lord Murugan in Malaysia, the most famous being the Batu Caves near Kuala Lumpur. There is a 42.7-m-high statue of Lord Murugan at the entrance to the Batu Caves, which is the largest Lord Murugan statue in the world. Sri Thandayuthapani Temple in Tank Road, Singapore is a major Hindu temple where each year the Thaipusam festival takes place with devotees of Lord Muruga carrying Kavadis seeking penance and blessings of the Lord.

In the United Kingdom, Highgate Hill Murugan temple is one of the oldest and most famous. In London, Sri Murugan Temple in Manor park is a well-known temple. In Midlands, Leicester Shri Siva Murugan Temple is gaining popularity recently. Skanda Vale in West Wales was founded by Guruji, a Tamil devotee of Subramaniam, and its primary deity is Lord Murugan. In Australia, Sydney Murugan temple in Parramatta (Mays Hill), Perth Bala Muruguan temple in Mandogalup and Kundrathu Kumaran temple in Rockbank, Melbourne are major Hindu temples for all Australian Hindus and Murugan devotees. In New Zealand, there is a Thirumurugan Temple in Auckland and a Kurinji Kumaran Temple in Wellington, both dedicated to Lord Murugan. In the USA, Shiva Murugan Temple in Concord, Northern California and Murugan Temple of North America[18] in Maryland, Washington DC region are popular. In Toronto, Canada, Canada Kanthasamy Temple is known amongst many Hindus in Canada. In Dollard-des-Ormeaux, a suburb of the city of Montreal in Canada, there is a monumental temple of Murugan. The Sri Sivasubramaniar Temple, located in the Sihl Valley in Adliswil, is the most famous and largest Hindu temple in Switzerland.[19]

This image is taken from United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 8, Nos. 1-4, 1914 by Medical Heritage Library, Inc.

Go to the Book with image in the Internet Archive

Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 8, Nos. 1-4, 1914

Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery

Publisher:

Sponsor:

Contributor:

Date: 1914

Language: eng

Table of Contents

Number 1

Preface v

Special articles:

The application of psychiatry to certain military problems, by W. A.

White, M. D 1

Schistosomiasis on the Yangtze River, with report of cases, by R. H.

Laning, assistant surgeon, United States Navy 16

A brief discussion of matters pertaining to health and sanitation,

observed on the summer practice cruise of 1913 for midshipmen of the third

class, by J. L. Neilson, surgeon, United States Navy 36

Technique of neosalvarsan administration, and a brief outline of the

treatment for syphilis used at the United States Naval Hospital, Norfolk, Va., by

W. Chambers, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 45

Some notes on the disposal of wastes, by A. Farenholt, surgeon, United States

Navy 47

The medical department on expeditionary duty, by R. E. Hoyt, surgeon, United

States Navy 51

A new brigade medical outfit, by T. W. Richards, surgeon, United States

Navy 62

Early diagnosis of cerebrospinal meningitis; report of 10 cases, by G.

F. Cottle, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 65

Comments on mistakes made with the Nomenclature, 1913, Abstract of patients

(Form F), and the Statistical report (Form K), by C. E. Alexander, pharmacist,

United States Navy 70

Classification of the United States Navy Nomenclature, 1913, by C. E. Alexander,

pharmacist, United States Navy 75

On the methods employed for the detection and determination of

disturbances in the sense of equilibrium of flyers. Translated by H. G. Beyer,

medical director, United States Navy, retired 87

United States Naval Medical School laboratories:

Additions to the pathological collection 107

Additions to the helminthological collection 107

Suggested devices:

A portable air sampling apparatus for use aboard ship, by E. W. Brown, passed

assistant surgeon, United States Navy 109

A new design for a sanitary pail 111

Clinical notes:

A case of paresis, with apparent remission, following neosalvarsan, by R.

F. Sheehan, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 113

Case reports from Guam, by E. O. J. Eytinge, passed assistant surgeon, United

States Navy 116

Stab wound of ascending colon; suture; recovery, by H. C. Curl,

surgeon, United States Navy 123

Perforation of a duodenal ulcer, by H. F. Strine, surgeon, United

States Navy 124

Two cases of bone surgery, by R. Spear, surgeon, United States Navy 125

Editorial comment:

Brig. Gen. George II. Torney, Surgeon General United States Army 127

Medical ethics in the Navy 127

Medical officers in civil practice 128

Progress in medical sciences:

General medicine. —Some anatomic and physiologic principles concerning

pyloric ulcer. By H. C. Curl. Low-priced clinical thermometers; a warning. By.

L. W. Johnson. The value of X-ray examinations in the

diagnosis of ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. The primary cause of

rheumatoid arthritis. Strychnine in heart failure. On the treatment of

leukaemia with benzol. By A. W. Dunbar and G. B. Crow 131

Surgery. — Surgical aspects of furuncles and carbuncles. Iodine

idiosyncrasy. By L. W. Johnson. Rectus transplantation for deficiency of

internal oblique muscle in certain cases of inguinal hernia. The technic of

nephro- pyelo- and ureterolithotomy. Recurrence of inguinal hernia. By H. C.

Curl and R. A. Warner 138

Hygiene and sanitation. —Ozone: Its bactericidal, physiologic and

deodorizing action. The alleged purification of air by the ozone machine. By E.

W. Brown. The prevention of dental caries. Gun-running operations in the

Persian Gulf in 1909 and 1910. The croton bug (Ectobia germanica) as a factor

in bacterial dissemination. Fumigation of vessels for the destruction of rats.

Improved moist chamber for mosquito breeding. The necessity for international

reforms in the sanitation of crew spaces on

merchant vessels. By C. N. Fiske and R. C. Ransdell 143

Tropical medicine. —The transmissibility of the lepra bacillus by the

bite of the bedbug. By L. W. Johnson. A note on a case of loa loa. Cases of

syphilitic pyrexia simulating tropical fevers. Verruga peruviana, oroya fever

and uta. Ankylostomiasis in Nyasaland. Experimental entamoebic dysentery. By E.

R. Stitt ... 148

Pathology, bacteriology, and animal parasitology. —The relation of the spleen

to the blood destruction and regeneration and to hemolytic jaundice: 6, The

blood picture at various periods after splenectomy. The presence of tubercle

bacilli in the feces. By A. B. Clifford and G. F. Clark 157

Chemistry and pharmacy. —Detection of bile pigments in urine. Value of the

guaiacum test for bloodstains. New reagent for the detection of traces of

blood. Estimation of urea. Estimation of uric acid in urine. By E. W. Brown and

O. G. Ruge 158

Eye, ear, nose, and throat. —Probable deleterious effect of salvarsan

on the eye. Effect of salvarsan on the eye. Fate of patients with

parenchymatous keratitis due to hereditary lues. Trachoma, prevalence of, in

the United States. The exploratory needle puncture of the maxillary antrum in

100 tuberculous individuals. Auterobic organisms associated with acute

rhinitis. Toxicity of human tonsils. By E. J. Grow and G. B. Trible 160

Miscellaneous. —Yearbook of the medical association of

Frankfurt-am-Main. By R. C. Ransdell 163

Reports and letters:

Notes on the Clinical Congress of Surgeons. By G. F. Cottle, passed

assistant surgeon, United States Navy 167

Number 2

Preface v

Special articles:

Report of the fourteenth annual meeting of the American Roentgen Ray Society,

by J. R. Phelps, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy. 171

Typhoid perforation; five operations with three recoveries, by G. G.

Holladay, assistant surgeon, Medic al Reserve Corps, United States Navy 238

A satisfactory method for easily obtaining material from syphilitic

lesions, by E. R. Stitt, medical inspector, United States Navy 242

An epidemic of measles and mumps in Guam, by C. P. Kindleberger, surgeon,

United States Navy 243

The feeble-minded from a military standpoint, by A. R. Schier, acting assistant

surgeon, United States Navy 247

The Towne-Lambert elimination treatment of drug addictions, by W. M. Kerr,

passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 258

Medical experiences in the Amazonian Tropics, by C. C. Ammerman, assistant

surgeon, Medical Reserve Corps, United States Navy 270

United States Naval Medical School laboratories:

Additions to the pathological collection 281

Additions to the helminthologieal collection 281

Suggested devices:

An easy method for obtaining blood cultures and for preparing blood

agar, by E. R. Stitt, medical inspector, and G. F. Clark, passed assistant surgeon,

United States Navy 283

Humidity regulating device on a modern battleship, by R. C. Ransdell, passed

assistant surgeon, United States Navy 284

Clinical notes:

Lateral sinus thrombosis, report of case, by G. F. Cottle, passed

assistant surgeon. United States Navy 287

Twenty-two cases of poisoning by the seeds of Jatropha curcai, by J. A.

Randall, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 290

Shellac bolus in the stomach in fatal case of poisoning by weed

alcohol, by H. F. Hull and O. J. Mink, passed assistant surgeons, United States

Navy 291

A case of pneumonia complicated by gangrenous endocarditis, by G. B. Crow,

passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 292

Progress in medical sciences:

General medicine. —On progressive paralysis in the imperial navy during

the years 1901-1911. By H. G. Beyer. An etiological study of Hodgkin's disease.

The etiology and vaccine treatment of Hodgkin's dis

ease. Coryncbacterium hodgkini in lymphatic leukemia and Hodgkin's disease.

Autointoxication and subinfection. Studies of syphilis. The treatment of the

pneumonias. Whooping cough: Etiolcgy, diagnosis, and vaccine treatment. A new

and logical treatment for alcoholism. Intraspinous injection of salvarsanized

serum in the treatment of syphilis of the nervous system, including tabes and

paresis. On the infective nature of certain cases of splenomegaly and Banti's

disease. The etiology and vaccine treatment of Hodgkin's disease. Cultural

results in Hodgkin's disease. By A. W. Dunbar and G. B. Crow 295

Surgery- Interesting cases of gunshot injury treated at Hankow during

the revolution of 1911 and 1912 in China. The fool's paradise stage in

appendicitis. By L. W. Johnson. The present status of bismuth paste treatment

of suppurative sinuses and empyema. The inguinal route operation for femoral

hernia; with supplementary note on Cooper's ligament. By R. Spear and R. A.

Warner 307

Hygiene and sanitation. — A contribution to the chemistry of

ventilation. The use of ozone in ventilation. By E. \V. Brown. Pulmonary

tuberculosis in the royal navy, with special reference to its detection and

prevention. An investigation into the keeping properties of condensed milks at

the temperature of tropical climates. By C. N. Fiske and R. C. Ransdell 313

Tropical medicine. —Seven days fever of the Indian ports. By L. W.

Johnson. Intestinal schistosomiasis in the Sudan. Disease carriers in our army

in India. Origin and present status of the emetin treatment of amebic

dysentery. The culture of leishmania from the finger blood of a case of Indian

kala-azar. By E. R. Stitt 315

Pathology, bacteriology, and animal parasitology. —The isolation of

typhoid bacilli from feces by means of brilliant green in fluid medium. By C.

N. Fiske. An efficient and convenient stain for use in the eeneral examination

of blood films. By 0. B. Crow. A contribution to the epidemiology of

poliomyelitis. A contribution to the pathology of epidemic poliomyelitis. A

note on the etiology of epidemic

oliomyelitis. Transmutations within the streptococcus-pneumococcus

group. The etiology of acute rheumatism, articular and muscular. By A. B.

Clifford and G. F. Clark 320

Chemistry and pharmacy.— Centrifugal method for estimating albumin in

urine. Detection of albumin in urine. New indican reaction A report on the

chemistry, technology, and pharmacology of and the legislation pertaining to

methyl alcohol. By E. W. Brown and O. O. Ruge. . 325

Eye, ear, nose, and throat. —The use of local anesthesia in

exenteration of the orbit. Salvarsan in

ophthalmic practice. The effect of salvarsan on the eye. Total blindness

from the toxic action of wood alcohol, with recovery of vision under negative

galvanism. Furunculosis of the external auditory canal; the use of alcohol as a

valuable aid in treatment. Local treatment of Vincent's angina with salvarsan.

Perforated ear drum may be responsible for sudden death in water. The indications

for operating in acute mastoiditis. Turbinotomy. Why is nasal catarrh so

prevalent in the United States? By E. J. Grow and G. B. Trible 330

Miscellaneous. — The organization and work of the hospital ship Re d’

Italia. ByG. B. Trible 333

Reports and letters:

Correspondence concerning the article "Some aspects of the

prophylaxis of typhoid fever by injection of killed cultures," by Surg. C.

S. Butler, United States Navy, which appeared in the Bulletin, October, 1913

339

Malaria on the U. S. S. Tacoma from February, 1913, to February, 1914.

by I. S. K. Reeves, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 344

Extracts from annual sanitary reports for 1913 345

Number 3

Preface vii

Special articles:

Economy and waste in naval hospitals, by E. M. Shipp, surgeon, and P.

J. Waldner, chief pharmacist, United States Navy 357

The new method of physical training in the United States Navy, by J. A.

Murphy, surgeon, United States Navy 368

A study of the etiology of gangosa in Guam, by C. P. Kindleberger,

surgeon, United States Navy 381

Unreliability of Wassermann tests using unheated serum, by E. R. Stitt,

medical inspector, and G. F. Clark, passed assistant surgeon, United States

Navy 410

Laboratory note on antigens, by G. F. Clark, pasted assistant surgeon,

United States Navy 411

Prevention of mouth infection, by Joseph Head, M. D., D. D. S 411

The Medical Department at general quarters and preparations for battle,

by A. Farenholt, surgeon, United States Navy 421

A bacteriological index for dirt in milk, by J. J. Kinyoun, assistant

surgeon, Medical Reserve Corps, United States Navy 435

Brief description of proposed plan of a fleet hospital ship, based upon

the type auxiliary hull, by E. M. Blackwell, surgeon, United States Navy.. 442

The diagnostic value of the cutaneous tuberculin test in recruiting, by

E. M. Brown, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy, retired 448

United States Naval Medical School laboratories:

Additions to the pathological collection 453

Suggested devices:

A sanitary mess table for hospitals, by F. M. Bogan, surgeon, United

States Navy 455

A suggested improvement of the Navy scuttle butt, by E. M. Blackwell,

surgeon, United States Navy 455

Clinical notes:

Malaria cured by neosalvarsan, by F. M. Bogan, surgeon, United States

Navy 457

A case of rupture of the bladder with fracture of the pelvis, by H. F.

Strine, surgeon, and M. E. Higgins, passed assistant surgeon, United States

Navy. 458

Clinical observations on the use of succinimid of mercury, by T. W.

Reed, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 459

Points in the post-mortem ligation of the lingual artery, by O. J.

Mink, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 462

Notes on the wounded at Vera Cruz, by H. F. Strine, surgeon, and M. E.

Higgins, passed assistant surgeon. United States Navy 464

Case reports from the Naval Hospital, Portsmouth, N. H., by F. M.

Bogan, surgeon, United States Navy 469

Progress in medical sciences:

General medicine. —The mouth in the etiology and symptomatology of

general systemic disturbances. Statistique m£dicale de la marine, 1909. By L.

W. Johnson. Antityphoid inoculation. Vaccines from the standpoint of the

physician. The treatment of sciatica. Chronic gastric ulcer and its relation to

gastric carcinoma. The nonprotein nitrogenous constituents of the blood in

chronic vascular nephritis

(arteriosclero-iis) as influenced by the level of protein metabolism.

The influence of diet on hepatic necrosis and toxicity of chloroform. The

rational treatment of tetanus. The comparative value of cardiac remedies. By A.

W. Dunbar and G. B. Crow

Psychiatry. —Abderhalden's method. Precis de psychiatric Constitutional

immorality. Nine years' experience with manic-depressive insanity. The pupil

and its reflexes in insanity. By R. F. Sheehan.

Surgery. —On the occurrence of traumatic dislocations (luxationen) in

the Imperial German Navy during the last 20 years. By H. G. Beyer. The wounding

effects of the Turkish sharp-pointed bullet. By T. W. Richards. Intestinal

obstruction: formation and absorption of toxin. By G. B. Crow

Hygiene and sanitation. —Relation of oysters to the transmission of

infectious diseases. The proper diet in the Tropics, with some pertinent remarks

on the use of alcohol. By E. W. Brown. Report of committee

upon period of isolation and exclusion from school in cases of

communicable disease. Resultats d'une enquete relative a la morbidity venerienne

dans la division navale d'Extreme-Orient et aux moyens susceptibles de la

restreindre. Ship's hygiene in the middle of the seventeenth century- Progress in

ship's hygiene during the nineteenth century. The origin of some of the

streptococci found in milk. On the further perfecting of mosquito spraying. By

C. N. Fiske and R. C. Ransdell

Tropical medicine. — Le transport, colloidal de medicaments dans le cholera.

By T. W. Richards. Cholera in the Turkish Army. A supposed case of yellow fever

in Jamaica. By L. W. Johnson. Note on a new geographic locality for balantidiosis.

Brief note on Toxoplasma pyroqenes. Note on certain protozoalike bodies in a

case of protracted fever with splenomegaly. The emetine and other treatment of

amebic dysentery and hepatitis, including liver abscess. A study of epidemic dysentery

in the Fiji Islands. By E. R. Stitt

Pathology, bacteriology, and animal parasitology. — The best method of staining

Treponema pallidum. By C. N. Fiske. Bacteriological methods of meat analysis.

By R. C. Ransdell. Primary tissue lesions in the heart produced by Spirochete

pallida. Ten tests by which a physician may determine when p patient is cured

of gonorrhea. Diagnostic value of percutaneous tuberculin test (Moro). Some

causes of failure of vaccine therapy. A method of increasing the accuracy and

delicacy of the Wassermann reaction: By A. B. Clifford and G. F. Clark

Chemistry and pharmacy. —Quantitative test of pancreatic function. A comparison

of various preservatives of urine. A clinical method for the rapid estimation

of the quantity of dextrose in urine. By E. W. Brown and O. G. Ruge

Eye, ear, nose, and throat. —Intraocular pressure. Strauma as an

important factor in diseases of the eye. Carbonic cauterization "in the

treatment of granular ophthalmia. Ocular and other complications of syphilis treated

by salvarsan. Some notes on hay fever. A radiographic study of the mastoid. Ear

complications during typhoid fever. Su di un caso di piccola sanguisuga

cavallina nel bronco destro e su 7 casi di grosse sanguisughe cavalline in

laringe in trachea e rino-faringe. By E. J. Grow and G. B. Trible

Reports and letters:

American medico-psychological association, by R. F. Sheehan, passed assistant

surgeon, United States Navy 517

Report of 11 cases of asphyxiation from coal gas, by L. C. Whiteside,

passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 522

Extracts from annual sanitary reports for 1913 — United States Naval

Academy, Annapolis, Md., by A. M. D. McCormick, medical director, United States

Navy 523

U. S. S. Arkansas, by W. B. Grove, surgeon, United States Navy 524

Marine barracks, Camp Elliott, Canal Zone, Panama, by B. H. Dorsey, passed

assistant surgeon, United States Navy 525

U. S. S. Cincinnati, by J. B. Mears, passed assistant surgeon. United States

Navy 526

U. S. S. Florida, by M. S. Elliott, surgeon, United States Navy 527

Naval training station, Great Lakes, Ill., by J. S. Taylor, surgeon, United

States Navy 527

Naval station, Guam, by C. P. Kindleberger, surgeon, United States Navy

528

Naval Hospital, Las Animas, Colo., by G. H. Barber, medical inspector, United

States Navy 532

U. S. S. Nebraska, by E. H. H. Old, passed assistant surgeon, United States

Navy 533

U. S. S. North Dakota, by J. C. Pryor, surgeon, United States Navy. .

534

Navy yard, Olongapo, P. L, by J. S. Woodward, passed assistant surgeon,

United States Navy 536

U. S. S. San Francisco, by T. W. Reed, passed assistant surgeon, United

States Navy 537

U. S. S. Saratoga, by H. R. Hermesch, assistant surgeon, United States Navy

538

U. S. S. Scorpion, by E. P. Huff, passed assistant surgeon, United States

Navy 538

U. S. S. West Virginia, by O. J. Mink, passed assistant surgeon, United

States Navy 539

Number 4

Preface V

Special articles:

Some prevailing ideas regarding the treatment of tuberculosis, by

Passed Asst. Surg. G. B. Crow 541

The Training School for the Hospital Corps of the Navy, by Surg. F. E. McCullough

and Passed Asst. Surg. J. B. Kaufman 555

Khaki dye for white uniforms, by Passed Asst. Surg. W. E. Eaton 561

Some facts and some fancies regarding the unity of yaws and syphilis,

by Surg. C. S. Butler 561

Quinine prophylaxis of malaria, by Passed Asst. Surg. L. W. McGuire 571

The nervous system and naval warfare, translated by Surg. T. W.

Richards. 576

Measles, by Surg. G. F. Freeman 586

Smallpox and vaccination, by Passed Asst. Surg. T. W. Raison 589

Rabies; methods of diagnosis and immunization, by Passed Asst. Surg. F.

X. Koltes 597

Syphilis aboard ship, by Passed Asst. Surg. G. F. Cottle 605

Systematic recording and treatment of syphilis, by Surg. A. M.

Fauntleroy and Passed Asst. Surg. E. H. H. Old 620

Organization and station bills of the U. S. naval hospital ship Solace,

by Surg. W. M. Garton 624

United States Naval Medical School laboratories:

Additions to the pathological collection 647

Additions to the helminthological collection 647

Clinical notes:

Succinimid of mercury in pyorrhea alveolaris, by Acting Asst. Dental Surg.

P. G. White 649

A case of pityriasis rosea, by Surg. R. E. Ledbetter 651

Emetin in the treatment of amebic abscess of the liver, by Surg. H. F. Strine

and Passed Asst. Surg. L. Sheldon, jr 653

Salvarsan in a case of amebic dysentery, by Passed Asst. Surg. O. J.

Mink. . 653

Laceration of the subclavian artery and complete severing of brachial plexus,

by Surg. H. C. Curl and Passed Asst. Surg. C. B. Camerer 654

Malarial infection complicating splenectomy, by Surg. H. F. Strine 655

A case of gastric hemorrhage; operative interference impossible, by

Passed Arst. Surg. G. E. Robertson 656

Operation for strangulated hernia, by Passed Asst. Surg. W. S. Pugh 657

A case of bronchiectasis with hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy,

by Passed Asst. Surg. L. C. Whiteside 658

Editorial comment:

Systematic recording and treatment of syphilis 665

Progress in medical sciences:

General medicine. —A note of three cases of enteric fever inoculated

during the incubation period. By T. W. Richards. The modern treatment of

chancroids. The treatment of burns. By W. E. Eaton. Experiments on the curative

value of the intraspinal administration of tetanus antitoxin. Hexamethylenamin.

Hexamethylenamin as an internal

antiseptic in other fluids of the body than urine. Lumbar puncture as a special

procedure for controlling headache in the course of infectious diseases.

Cardiospasm. Acromion auscultation; a new and delicate test in the early

diagnosis of incipient pulmonary tuberculosis.

Diabetes mellitus and its differentiation from alimentary glycosuria.

The complement fixation test in typhoid fever; its comparison with the

agglutination test and blood culture method. By C. B. Crow.. 671

Mental and nervous diseases. —A voice sign in chorea. By G. B. Crow.

Wassermann reaction and its application to neurology. Epilepsy: a theory of

causation founded upon the clinical manifestations and the therapeutic and

pathological data. Salvarsanized serum (Swift-Ellis treatment) in syphilitic diseases

of the central nervous system. Mental manifestations in tumors of the brain.

Some of the broader issues of the psycho-analytic n movement. Mental disease

and defect in United States troops. By R. Sheehan 6S1

Surgery. — Infiltration anesthesia. War surgery. Tenoplasty; tendon transplantation;

tendon substitution; neuroplasty. Carcinoma of the male breast. Visceral

pleureotomy for chronic empyema. By A. M. Fauntleroy and E. H. H. Old 6S8

Hygiene and sanitation. — Further experiences with the Berkefold filter

in the purifying of lead-contaminated water. By T. W. Richards. Experiments in

the destruction of fly larvae in horse manure. By A. B. Clifford. Investigation

relative to the life cycle, brooding, and tome practical moans of reducing the

multiplication of flies in camp. By W. E. Eaton, Humidity and heat stroke;

further observations on an analysis of

50 cases. By C. N. Fiske 693

Tropical medicine. — The treatment of aneylostoma anemia. Latent dysentery

or dysentery carriers. Naphthalone for the destruction of mosquitoes. Emetin in

amebic dysentery. By E. R. Stitt 704

Pathology, bacteriology, and animal parasitology. —Meningitis by

injection of pyogenic microbes in the peripheral nerves. The growth of pathogenic

intestinal bacteria in bread. Present status of the complement fixation test in

the diagnosis of gonorrheal infections. Practical application of the luetin

test. By A. B. Clifford and G. F. Clark 707

Eye, ear, nose, and throat. — Misting of eyeglasses. By E. L. Sleeth.

The treatment of ocular syphilis by salvarsan and neo salvarsan. The moving

picture and the eye. Treatment of various forms of ocular syphilis with

salvarsan. Rapid, painless, and bloodless method for removing the inferior

turbinate. Hemorrhage from the superior petrosal sinus. The frequency of

laryngeal tuberculosis in Massachusetts.

Intrinsic cancer of larynx. Treatment of hematoma of the auricle. By E.

J. Grow and G. B. Trible 709

Reports and letters:

Care of wounded at Mazatlan and at Villa Union, by Medical Inspector S.

G. Evans 713

Medico-military reports of the occupation of Vera Cruz 715

If you have questions concerning reproductions, please contact the Contributing Library.

Read/Download from the Internet Archive

In any language by Tiz

2 10

English - I love you

Afrikaans - Ek het jou lief

Albanian - Te dua

Arabic - Ana behibak (to male)

Arabic - Ana behibek (to female)

Armenian - Yes kez sirumen

Bambara - M'bi fe

Bengali - Ami tomake bhalobashi (pronounced: Amee toe-ma-kee bhalo-bashee)

Belarusian - Ya tabe kahayu

Bisaya - Nahigugma ako kanimo

Bulgarian - Obicham te

Cambodian - Soro lahn nhee ah

Cantonese Chinese - Ngo oiy ney a

Catalan - T'estimo

Cherokee - Tsi ge yu i

Cheyenne - Ne mohotatse

Chichewa - Ndimakukonda

Corsican - Ti tengu caru (to male)

Creol - Mi aime jou

Croatian - Volim te

Czech - Miluji te

Danish - Jeg Elsker Dig

Dutch - Ik hou van jou

Elvish - Amin mela lle (from The Lord of The Rings, by J.R.R. Tolkien)

Esperanto - Mi amas vin

Estonian - Ma armastan sind

Ethiopian - Afgreki'

Faroese - Eg elski teg

Farsi - Doset daram

Filipino - Mahal kita

Finnish - Mina rakastan sinua

French - Je t'aime, Je t'adore

Frisian - Ik h�ld fan dy

Gaelic - Ta gra agam ort

Georgian - Mikvarhar

German - Ich liebe dich

Greek - S'agapo

Gujarati - Hoo thunay prem karoo choo

Hiligaynon - Palangga ko ikaw

Hawaiian - Aloha Au Ia`oe

Hebrew

Hebrew to male: "ani ohev otcha" (said by male) "Ohevet ot'cha" (said by female)

Hebrew to female: "ani ohev otach" (said by male) "ohevet Otach" (said by female) Hiligaynon - Guina higugma ko ikaw

Hindi - Hum Tumhe Pyar Karte hae

Hmong - Kuv hlub koj

Hopi - Nu' umi unangwa'ta

Hungarian - Szeretlek

Icelandic - Eg elska tig

Ilonggo - Palangga ko ikaw

Indonesian - Saya cinta padamu

Inuit - Negligevapse

Irish - Taim i' ngra leat

Italian - Ti amo

Japanese - Aishiteru or anata ga daisuki desu

Kannada - Naanu ninna preetisuttene

Kapampangan - Kaluguran daka

Kiswahili - Nakupenda

Konkani - Tu magel moga cho

Korean - Sarang Heyo or Nanun tangshinul sarang hamnida

Latin - Te amo

Latvian - Es tevi miilu

Lebanese - Bahibak

Lithuanian - Tave myliu

Luxembourgeois - Ech hun dech g�er

Macedonian - Te Sakam

Malay - Saya cintakan mu / Aku cinta padamu

Malayalam - Njan Ninne Premikunnu

Maltese - Inhobbok

Mandarin Chinese - Wo ai ni

Marathi - Me tula prem karto

Mohawk - Kanbhik

Moroccan - Ana moajaba bik

Nahuatl - Ni mits neki

Navaho - Ayor anosh'ni

Norwegian - Jeg Elsker Deg

Pandacan - Syota na kita!!

Pangasinan - Inaru Taka

Papiamento - Mi ta stimabo

Persian - Doo-set daaram

Pig Latin - Iay ovlay ouyay

Polish - Kocham Ciebie

Portuguese - Eu te amo

Romanian - Te iubesc

Russian - Ya tebya liubliu

Scot Gaelic - Tha gra\dh agam ort

Serbian - Volim te

Setswana - Ke a go rata

Sign Language - ,\,,/ (represents position of fingers when signing'I Love You')

Sindhi - Maa tokhe pyar kendo ahyan

Sioux - Techihhila

Slovak - Lu`bim ta

Slovenian - Ljubim te

Spanish - Te quiero / Te amo

Swahili - Ninapenda wewe

Swedish - Jag alskar dig

Swiss-German - Ich lieb Di

Surinam - Mi lobi joe

Tagalog - Mahal kita

Taiwanese - Wa ga ei li

Tahitian - Ua Here Vau Ia Oe

Tamil - Nan unnai kathalikaraen

Telugu - Nenu ninnu premistunnanu

Thai - Chan rak khun (to male)

Thai - Phom rak khun (to female)

Thai (informal) Rak te

Turkish - Seni Seviyorum

Ukrainian - Ya tebe kahayu

Urdu - mai aap say pyaar karta hoo

Vietnamese - Anh ye^u em (to female)

Vietnamese - Em ye^u anh (to male)

Welsh - 'Rwy'n dy garu di

Yiddish - Ikh hob dikh

Yoruba - Mo ni fe

This image is taken from United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 22, Nos. 1-6, 1925 by Medical Heritage Library, Inc.

একুশঃ ভাষা আন্দোলনের সচিত্র ইতিহাস (১৯৪৭-১৯৫৬) - সি এম তারেক রেজা

31-07 Douglas Road by Emilio Guerra

Douglaston Historic District, Douglaston, Queens, New York City, New York, United States

Type: Freestanding house with attached garage (on lot 93) Style: Vernacular cottage Stories: 1

Structure/material: Frame with stucco facing

Notable building features: Intersecting gable roofs, flared over front porch; round-arched, batten door; brick chimney; brick stoop with non-original wrought-iron railings; some brick veneer; windows with historic multi-pane sash and casements.

Notable site features: Mature trees; flagstone walkway; gravel driveway; perimeter hedge; storage shed; cobblestone curb.

INTRODUCTION

The Douglaston Historic District contains more than 600 houses set along landscaped streets on a mile-long peninsula extending into Little Neck Bay, at the northeastern edge of Queens adjoining Nassau County.

Its history over the past four centuries ranges from a native American settlement to an eighteenth-century farm, a nineteenth-century estate called Douglas Manor, and an early twentieth-century planned suburb, also called Douglas Manor.

The Douglaston Historic District encompasses the entire Douglas Manor suburban development, plus several contiguous blocks. Most of the houses in the proposed district date from the early- to mid-twentieth century, while a few survive from the nineteenth century, and one from the eighteenth century.

The landscape includes many impressive and exotic specimen trees planted on the mid-nineteenth-century estate, as well as a great white oak, located at 233 Arleigh Road, believed to be 600 years old.

Douglaston's location on a peninsula jutting into Flushing Bay at the eastern border of Queens County is an important factor in establishing the character of the district. The very early buildings surviving in the district include the c.1735 Van Wyck House, the c. 1819 Van Zandt manor house (expanded in the early twentieth century for use as the Douglaston Club), and the Greek Revival style c. 1848-50 Benjamin Allen House.

Much of the landscaping, including the specimen trees, survives from the estate of Douglas Manor, established by George Douglas and maintained by his son William Douglas.

Most of the houses in the historic district were built as part of the planned suburb of Douglas Manor, developed by the Rickert-Finlay Company, that was part of the residential redevelopment of the Borough of Queens following its creation and annexation to the City of Greater New York in 1898.

A set of covenants devised by the Rickert-Finlay Company helped assure a carefully planned environment, including a shorefront held in common, winding streets following the topography of the peninsula, and single-family houses ranging in size from substantial mansions along Shore Road on the west to more modest cottages closer to Udalls Cove on the east.

The houses of the historic district, which are representative of twentieth-century residential architecture, were designed in a variety of styles including the many variants of the Colonial Revival, many houses in the English manner incorporating Tudor Revival, English cottage, and Arts and Crafts motifs, as well as the Mediterranean Revival. In most cases, they were designed by local Queens architects, including over a dozen who lived in Douglaston itself.

The district includes three houses of the Craftsman type pioneered by Gustav Stickley. Eight of the houses in the district were designed by Josephine Wright Chapman, one of America's earliest successful women architects, and they constitute an important body of her work.

The Douglaston Historic District survives today as an important example of an early twentieth-century planned suburb adapted to the site of a nineteenth-century estate. The stylistically varied suburban residences, the distinctive topography, the landscaped setting, and the winding streets create a distinct sense of place and give the district its special character.

HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL BACKGROUND OF THE DOUGLASTON HISTORIC DISTRICT

Native American and Colonial antecedents

The Native American presence on the Little Neck peninsula today known as Douglaston included the Matinecoc,1 one of a group on western Long Island linked by culture and language to others in the area surrounding Manhattan Island (including the Nayack, Marechkawieck, Canarsee, Rockaway, and Massapequa). A number of finds from those settlements have been identified at various sites on the peninsula.2 The Matinecoc, who fanned the peninsula and apparently also produced wampum, were summarily evicted in the 1660s by Thomas Hicks, later Judge Hicks, in what has been described as the only such seizure of property recorded in Flushing town records. In the 1930s, according to local histories, a Matinecoc burial ground was destroyed to make way for a widening of Northern Boulevard, and the remains reinterred in the cemetery of Zion Church.3

The property seized by Thomas Hicks in the 1660s passed through the hands of several of his family members, and several subsequent sales to other families, before being acquired in 1813 by Wynant Van Zandt. In 1819 Van Zandt bought an adjoining farm from the Van Wyck family. Both tracts had been farmed during the eighteenth century. The Van Wycks built and lived in a shorefront house which still stands (the Cornelius Van Wyck House, at 126 West Drive aka 37-04 Douglaston Parkway, a designated New York City landmark).

Nineteenth-century country seat: Wynant Van Zandt. George and William Douglas, and Douglas Manor

Wynant Van Zandt (1767-1831) kept his property in agricultural use. Unlike his predecessors, mostly local formers, Van Zandt was a prominent New York City merchant, active in New York civic affairs. As a city alderman, Van Zandt served as chairman, starting in 1803, of the building committee for City Hall, and in 1804 as chairman of a committee on water supply, among other duties. Van Zandt established his Queens County property as a country estate, and built himself a manor, or country seat, in 1819; the building survives, with additions, as the Douglaston Club.

In May 1835, following Wynant Van Zandt's death, George Douglas acquired the estate from Robert B. Van Zandt; the deed identifies Van Zandt as a "farmer" and Douglas as a "gentleman."5 One obituary, in the Flushing Journal Weekly, described Douglas as "what the world would call an eccentric man."6 Another, in the New York Evening Post, described him as a wealthy young man from Scotland, who during a fifteen-year stay in Europe "collected some very valuable pictures," and later turned to philanthropy.7

Douglas's son, William Proctor Douglas, inherited the property after his father's death in 1862. The younger Douglas served as vice-commodore of the New York Yacht Club in 1871-74. During his tenure, Douglas Manor became a center for New York society yachting and polo. In later years, Douglas rented out the estate house to a variety of well-connected tenants, including European royalty.8

In 1869, Douglas hired landscape architect William McMillen to, in the words of McMillen's daughter, "superintend the Estate, improve driveways, and lay out plantings and trees and ornamental shrubs."9 McMillen was later associated with Frederick Law Olmsted and his work on the park system in Buffalo, New York.10 Although McMillen spent six years working on the estate, it is not known exactly what he undertook for Douglas. From turn-of-the-century photographs and other records analyzed in a landscape history undertaken in 1994, it appears that under Douglas's

ownership the landscape was characterized by "an informal 'English' look...with English ivy, winterberry, Boston ivy and wisteria."11

It was also during Douglas's tenure that a number of exotic specimen trees were planted on the property. Local histories suggest a connection with Samuel Parsons (1819-1906), a pioneer horticulturist with a nursery in Flushing; Parsons owned land near the Douglas Estate. The trees have been a distinguishing characteristic of Douglas Manor since William Douglas's day.12

Early suburban subdivision

Although the suburban development called Douglas Manor dates from 1906, William Douglas apparently attempted a suburban subdivision half a century earlier south of Douglas Manor. The dominant force propelling development was the gradual extension of the Long Island Railroad, which ran as far as Flushing until 1866 (with stage coach connections for points east), when its extension to Great Neck opened. Even in the 1850s, anticipating the railroad's extension to the Little Neck peninsula, William Douglas had subdivided part of his property (the area today known as "the Hill").

Douglas donated land for the railroad's right of way, and later, according to local histories, relocated one of his farm buildings to be used as a railroad station, asking in exchange that the new village be called "Douglaston" (instead of Marathon, a competing name).13 He named a number of new streets after the abundant trees on his property (Pine, Poplar, Willow, Cherry).

The Rickert-Finlav Realty Company

Besides the three early surviving houses already mentioned (the Van Wyck House, the Douglaston Club, and the Allen House), almost all the rest of the houses in the historic district were built as part of the early twentieth-century planned suburb of Douglas Manor, named for Douglas's estate, laid out by the Rickert-Finlay Realty Company. The redevelopment of Douglas Manor was part of the vast transformation of much of the newly created Borough of Queens into new residential neighborhoods. In 1906, the year Rickert-Finlay bought Douglas Manor, several major transportation projects to speed connections between Manhattan and Queens were underway: the Pennsylvania Railroad and Long Island Railroad tunnels under the East River, and the Queensborough Bridge at 59th Street.14 According to the Real Estate Record and Guide of that year:

The development of numerous farms into building lots and the erection of hundreds of new buildings have necessarily advanced the value of real estate in that section of Greater New York. It is said that more than 8,000 new apportionments have been made in the Borough of Queens during 1906, and that considerably more than 10,000 acres of land have been cut up into lots....

Chief among the new developments cited:

Title has just been taken to the Douglass [sic] homestead of about 180 acres by the Douglass Manor Co. This will probably be the highest class development on the island. It has a mile of water front and most magnificent shade trees. This property will be subdivided immediately.16

The Rickert-Finlay Realty Company, which bought Douglas Manor, was active in real-estate development in Queens and Nassau Counties in the early years of the century, buying up large farms and estates on the north shore of Long Island, preferably those with attractive topographical features, and subdividing them into new suburban communities. Their projects included Norwood in Long Island City, Broadway-Flushing in Flushing, Bellcourt in Bayside, Douglas Manor in Douglaston, and Westmoreland in Little Neck.17 By 1908, the company, with offices at 45 West 34th Street in Manhattan,18 was advertising itself as "The Largest Developers of Real Estate in Queens Borough ~ over 10,000 lots within the limits of New York City."19

The company's typical strategy for selecting development sites was described by E.J. Rickert in a 1914 article in Architecture and Building: "It was selected because it was on high ground, with a splendid outlook . . . and only four blocks from a railway station. It was . . . noted for the magnificent row of maples and lindens, nearly a mile long, extending through the entire property."20 The company then developed each tract according to a formula based on past successes. E.J. Rickert described the progression of the firm's ideas:

The first property developed was Bellcourt in Bayside, which was improved along the same lines as had heretofore prevailed on Long Island — that is, gravel sidewalks were laid, streets were graded and shade trees were set out, no other improvements being made. In the sale of Bellcourt, however, it was found that there was a demand for better improvements, and, consequently, when Douglas Manor was developed, cement sidewalks were laid, macadam roads were built and trees and hedges were set out. Broadway-Flushing and Westmoreland, which came next, were developed to about the same extent as Douglas Manor, all then being considered the best improved properties on Long Island.

The next development, Kensington, saw the addition of complete "sanitary sewer system, water mains and underground conduit for street lighting."

The new suburb of Douglas Manor

The qualities of the nineteenth-century Douglas Manor on which the Rickert-Finlay development capitalized included its hilly topography, its mile-long waterfront accessible to the entire narrow peninsula, and its lush plantings, especially the specimen trees planted during Douglas's tenure. The development also based its new road system on the major farm roads already in place, which became West, East, and Centre [Center] Drives.23

The company then established a series of protective covenants to guarantee a certain manner of development and density within the new suburb. In an era pre-dating the adoption of zoning regulations,24 the character of a new development could be guaranteed in no other way.

The covenants affected the architectural character of the houses only peripherally — by prohibiting flat roofs, thereby encouraging a more romantic roofline. Instead, they focused on the kind and size of houses and the nature of the landscaping of the new development. They required all houses to be single-family residences, with the sole exception of the Douglaston Club (commercial uses and two-family buildings and flats were specifically prohibited). They encouraged an economically mixed development, with a boulevard of substantial mansions along the Shore Road waterfront, while smaller, less expensive houses would predominate on the peninsula's east. (Such conditions were guaranteed by requiring houses of a certain cost and lots of a certain size). A verdant landscape was ensured by requiring houses to be set back 20 feet, leaving room for greenery, and by prohibiting fences and encouraging hedges, creating vistas not of individual, fenced-off gardens, but rather of a continuous, green, park-like, landscaped environment.

Rickert-Finlay went even further, taking steps to protect that environment and shape the community's social character by creating, in 1906, the Douglas Manor Association. Its stated objectives were the creation and maintenance of a club house to promote "social intercourse" among the residents, and to preserve and protect the development's physical amenities, including the roads, parks, shorefront, and plantings.26

Selling Douglas Manor

Promotional brochures prepared by Rickert-Finlay characterized the new neighborhood as a private community of houses, nestled in a landscape similar to Central Park, surrounded with a mile of shorefront, just blocks from each home.27

Douglas Manor's convenience to Midtown Manhattan via the Long Island Railroad was compared favorably to subway commutation to new Bronx neighborhoods. The commute was touted at "only 33 Minutes to Manhattan, 52 Trains a Day," and predicted to become "20 Minutes to Herald Square, when Pennsylvania-Long Island Tunnels are completed." The neighborhood was just three blocks from the Douglaston station, itself very near the Long Island Sound, "being the only station on the line near enough to the Sound to bring the shore front within easy walking distance. "28 The history and character of the old Douglas estate were emphasized, especially the trees planted by Douglas: "Scotch Holly, Magnolia, Japanese Maidenhair, Chinese Cypress, European Beech, Scarlet Maple, Horse Chestnut, Tulip, Lime, evergreens... Even Central Park does not possess a greater variety of rare trees....

" This park-like effect would be "preserved and increased by setting out hedges along winding roads, following the natural contour of the land as much as possible.... The shore drive, curving along the bay for over a mile, will be made the finest boulevard on Long Island." To all these suburban advantages, Douglas Manor also boasted the services provided by the City of New York: "city water, stone sidewalks, macadamized streets" and the "full benefit of all departments of the city government, including schools, water, police and fire protection."

From 1906 through the Depression, several hundred houses were erected in Douglas Manor, following the plan suggested by the Rickert-Finlay covenants. In general, the lots along Shore Road on the west were developed first, with larger, more substantial houses, followed by the more modest

homes to the east towards Udalls Cove. Property owners often acquired lots adjacent to those on which their houses were built to accommodate more generous lawns or gardens. The mile-long waterfront remained undeveloped, held in common by the Douglas Manor Association. The large caliper specimen trees planted in Douglas's day remained in place. The grounds of the various houses were separated by perimeter hedges only — no fences. Two smaller lots formed by irregular street intersections were planted as small parks, maintained by the Association. Together, the parks, commonly held shorefront, specimen trees, and hedged gardens created something close to Rickert-Finlay's version of Central Park, surrounded by water, with several hundred houses nestled in the landscape.

The Architecture of the Douglaston Historic District

The architectural styles of the over 600 houses and some 150 related structures (mostly garages) in the historic district reflect three centuries of Douglaston's built history. From the eighteenth-century colonial Van Wyck House, to the early nineteenth-century Van Zandt House and mid-nineteenth-century Allen House, to the twentiethth-century suburban houses of the Rickert-Finlay development, to the additions of the post-World War II period, they tell the story of the development of this part of eastern Queens, part of the larger developmental story of New York City and the country as a whole.

The Cornelius Van Wyck House, at 126 West Drive, survives as the oldest extant house in the district, and one of the oldest in New York City (it is a designated New York City landmark). Built c.1735 for an early Dutch settler as a farmstead, the house reflects eighteenth-century New York colonial styles. Douglas, who transformed the farm to Douglas Manor, is said to have used the house as an "entrance lodge to his estate.w29 In 1907, one year after the acquisition of the Manor by the Rickert-Finlay Company, the Douglaston Country Club enlarged the building for use as a clubhouse. In 1921, the Van Wyck House passed back into use as a single-family residence, and its owner, E.N. Wicht, hired Frank J. Forster, designer of Colonial Revival and Tudor Revival style houses in the new Douglas Manor development, to restore it to its original Dutch Colonial appearance.

The Wynant Van Zandt House, at 600 West Drive, reflects both the older and the newer history of Douglaston. Built in 1819 as a home for Wynant Van Zandt, it was significantly altered after 1906 for use as the Douglaston Club, but still reflects some of the character of Van Zandt's original two-story Greek Revival manor house.

The Benjamin P. Allen House (a/k/a the Allen-Beville House, a designated New York City landmark) at 29 Center Drive, built c. 1848-50, is another rare Queens farm house. Predominately Greek Revival in style, it also shows the influence of the newly fashionable Italianate style, especially in its cornices and brackets.

Almost all the other buildings in the district date from the twentieth century, and the greater number of them from its first three decades, when Douglas Manor was developed by the Rickert-Finlay Company. Douglas Manor is a contemporary of several other planned communities in New York City, notably Fieldston in the Bronx and Forest Hill Gardens in Queens, all three of which began as subdivisions in the first decade of die century, and blossomed in the late teens and twenties. Like them, Douglas Manor was developed with houses based on historic styles of the past.

The first few decades of the century constituted a period of ferment and development in the design of American single-family houses. The epoch has been characterized as "a resurgence of individualism and an indulgence in residential architecture, a reaction to the standardization of the previous two decades. Fanciful cottages in fairy-tale styles were part of that image."30 In some ways, that approach is a logical continuation of late nineteenth-century architectural eclecticism, characterized in the 1890s as "rampant eclecticism in all fields of life and taste, of triumphant individualism, when authority sits so lightly on men's interests and lives; in this age of archaeology, when the different periods of history are made to live again in our imagination. "31 At the same time, residential architecture was affected by notions of progress and efficiency, and a drive toward simplicity and sanitary conveniences in home design.

Rickert-Finlay's protective covenants left the architectural character of the buildings almost entirely in the hands of owners and architects, requiring only that building roofs not be flat.32 The result was a collection of early twentieth-century eclectic residential styles, ranging from grand Colonial Revival mansions on the Shore Road waterfront, to picturesque Tudor Revival or Mediterranean Revival houses or houses in the English cottage manner or Colonial Revival houses on the blocks between West and East Drives, to modest cottages near Udalls Cove. Houses were sited in harmony with the topography, which tends to get hillier in the southeastern section of the peninsula.

One Douglas Manor architect, Alfred Scheffer, expressed his point of view in an article published in 1929. He described the Tudor Revival house he designed for himself at 216 Beverly-Road — a particularly useful indication of both the architect's and the client's point of view. Tellingly, the very first observation he makes is about the siting of the house, overlooking Long Island Sound: "The water is only a stone's throw — of a conservative marksman — from our front door and the second floor bay window has a certain suggestion of the forecastle deck of a ship, for the intervening land and highway are quite lost to sight and I can get a fine sense of sailing the seas, when I stand there." Only then does he turn to the formal style of the design, and sums up in a sentence the attitude of his day towards historically-inspired styles: "The construction is quite definitely in the English manner although / was not concerned with making it exact or authentic [emphasis added]

Scheffer then lists the elements that make his house "English": "stucco and halftimber walls with slate roof . . . The substantial chimney of common brick is typical of many English country houses. . . . The main entrance doorway of the house, at the end of a narrow flagstone walk, forms a Gothic arch of oak timber, framing a paneled oak door with iron straps and two small leaded glass windows, the effect completed by a semi-circular stone stoop. Beside the door is a lantern of pierced wrought-iron in the shape of an inverted tunnel, with wrought-iron bracket." Clearly it is details like the paneled oak door and leaded glass windows which give the house the English "effect" Scheffer wanted. But when he turns to describing the interior, practical matters take precedence: "The interior of the house was designed to take full advantage of our gorgeous outlook over the water."

Historical details are listed — "The walls are of rough English hand finished plaster" - but so are the "built-in bookshelves," "built-in comer cabinets," and "convenient and numerous closets and the very large closet and bathroom which join the master bedroom and add much to its convenience." "The interior of the house," concludes Scheffer," will probably grow from year to year. Things will be taken out and others put in until eventually, it comes near to realizing my mental image of what it ought to be. Already, I think, it has the liveable quality which is most essential of all."33

The majority of houses in the historic district reflect a variety of styles, loosely adapted by architects like Frank Scheffer, typical of suburban residential architecture across the country. The predominant style is the Colonial Revival in several variants, ranging in date from c.1910 to the present. Most are of frame construction with shingle and/or clapboard siding. Besides a generic Colonial Revival style, the district has such distinctive variations as the Dutch Colonial Revival, New England Colonial Revival, and Cape Cod Colonial Revival. Colonial Revival houses of brick, or frame with brick facing, often have a more formal neo-Georgian appearance. The English manner, the other major stylistic mode, is expressed with Tudor Revival, English cottage, or Arts and Crafts details. These houses, too, are often of frame construction with stucco facing and brick and/or stone trim. The Mediterranean Revival style was also popular.

These houses usually have stucco facing and tile roofs. The district also has a handful of houses of the Craftsman type pioneered by Gustav Stickley. Suburban houses of the type found in the district were judged by their picturesque qualities. The Architectural Forum, for instance, featured a Douglas Manor house by Frank Forster, the same architect who restored the Van Wyck House to something approaching its original Dutch colonial appearance. The writer praised Forster's "excellent use of half-timber in connection with brick or stucco," but more importantly his "rare skill in grouping, which creates a picturesque and architectural composition, wholly unaffected or exaggerated and involving no sacrifice in the matter of interior planning to secure this effect."

An additional group of houses in the historic district, on the south side of Bay Street, predates the Douglas Manor development by several years. Designed c.1900, they are excellent examples of the Colonial Revival and Queen Anne styles popular at the end of the nineteenth century.

Playing an important role in the historic district are the many related garage structures, often designed in architectural styles compatible with the houses they serve. Some were constructed originally as carriage houses and stables, often with residential accommodations, and later converted for garage use. By about 1920, the automobile had supplanted the horse, and garages were built as freestanding structures, some with chauffeur's quarters at the second story, usually situated close to a side or rear lot line. By the late 1920s, some houses were constructed with attached garages, or garages were constructed later, atttached to earlier houses. After World War II, many houses were built with basement garages, while other earlier houses were modified to provide basement garages.

The Douglas Manor Architects

A few prominent New York City architects with Manhattan offices received commissions in the new neighborhood; however, the vast majority of Douglas Manor houses were designed by local Queens and Brooklyn architects, and a surprisingly large number by architects who themselves lived in Douglas Manor or had offices nearby.35

Among the better known firms from outside the neighborhood who worked in the historic district, Buchman & Fox, architects of many Manhattan office buildings, designed 1008 Shore Road, a substantial Colonial Revival mansion overlooking the Bay. George Keister, whose practice included churches, hotels and Broadway theaters, designed 24 Knollwood Avenue, an Arts and Crafts style house, and 104 Hollywood Avenue, a Colonial Revival house. Diego DeSuarez, who planned villa gardens at both La Pietra, outside Florence, and Vizcaya, outside Miami, designed a one-story Mediterranean fantasy at 231 Beverly Road. Lionel Moses, of the firm of McKim, Mead & White, designed a house in the English cottage manner at 1102 Shore Road overlooking Little Neck Bay. The architectural firm of McKim, Mead & White is credited with the formal French Renaissance Revival style house at 4 Ardsley Road. Dating from 1919, it is constructed of hollow terra-cotta block, a form of fireproof construction, and faced with stucco.36

Architects from Brooklyn and Queens represented in the historic district include Arthur H. Allen, an architect very active in Forest Hills (a Colonial Revival house at 217 Ridge Road); Philip Resnyk (Tudor Revival, English cottage manner, and Colonial Revival houses on Warwick, Beverly, Grosvenor, Hollywood, Knollwood, Richmond, Kenmore, Richmond and Manor); Benjamin Dreisler (an Arts and Crafts/Colonial Revival house at 243 Forest Road); Louis Feldman (English cottage type houses at 211 and 217 Forest Road); J. Sarsfield Kennedy (a Tudor Revival house at 369 Beverly Road and a grand English bungalow/Arts and Crafts house at 1114 Shore Road), and Shampan & Shampan (a Colonial Revival house at 110 Arleigh).

Almost 60 of the over 600 houses in the historic district, built in the first decades of the century, are known to be the work of fourteen Douglaston architects.37 Alfred Scheffer, whose views are quoted above, designed at least ten, most in the Colonial Revival style or English cottage manner with Tudor Revival or Arts and Crafts detail.

John C.W. Cadoo designed at least sixteen houses, mostly Colonial Revival in style. Frank Forster designed at least three houses, one Colonial Revival, the others in the English cottage manner, as well as overseeing the restoration of the eighteenth-century Van Wyck House. Albert Humble designed at least ten houses, most in the Colonial Revival style.

Josephine Wright Chapman

Eight houses in the historic district are known to have been designed in the 1910s and 1920s by one of America's earliest successful women architects, Josephine Wright Chapman (1867-?). Chapman was professionally active from 1892 to 1927, but little is known about her education or commissions.

She pursued her interest in a career in architecture over opposition from her family, working from 1892 to 1897 as a draftsman in the office of Boston architect Clarence H. Blackall. Very few academically trained women became architects in the last two decades of the nineteenth century, and Chapman may have entered the profession as an apprentice.

By 1898 she was listed in the Boston City Directory as an architect, and developed a successful practice, despite the rejection of her application for membership in the American Institute of Architects.

Chapman's first major project was the New England Building at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo in 1901. Other known work includes the Craigie Arms Apartments (1897) in Cambridge, Mass., the Episcopal Church in Leominster, Mass., and the Women's Clubs in Worcester and Lynn, Mass.

In 1905, Chapman began to devote herself to the design of houses. She preferred the "English type," long, low and rambling, with gables and timber and plaster detailing. In 1907 she moved to New York, where she was listed in directories as an architect until 1925. Among her few published works was a sixteen-story apartment building on Park Avenue, described as demonstrating "the feminine idea of correct planning . . .and many innovations were to be introduced."

While in New York, she also received the commission for Hillandale, an Italian Renaissance style villa in Washington, D.C., built 1922-25. In the words of historian Gwendolyn Wright: "Neither Chapman's early public success in Boston nor her conversion to professional pursuit more appropriate for a woman qualified her for coverage in the architectural press.

But her career was remarkable, for few women had the financial independence to experiment with their own offices."

Chapman's known Douglaston houses, which date from 1909 to 1917, are in the historic district's two prevalent stylistic modes — five Colonial Revival and three in the English cottage manner.

They share picturesque silhouetttes with rooflines that feature gambrel or gabled roofs with hipped or shed dormers, and exposed brick chimneys; and distinctive entry and porch details, including one with Tuscan columns, one with a pointed-arch batten door, and one with a panelled entrance with side-lights and transom.

The Craftsman style houses

Several Craftsman style houses, including No. 122 Arleigh Road, 140 Prospect Avenue, and 111 Hollywood Avenue, may be one of the largest such collections in any New York City neighborhood.

Furniture designer Gustav Stickley of Rochester, New York, created the Craftsman architectural movement and disseminated it throughout the country via his Craftsman magazine.

The Craftsman aesthetic drew on the English Arts and Crafts movement, California Mission design, Japanese architecture, and Native American design, and was supported by an ideology influenced by concepts of socialism, the nobility of work, and the value of manual training.

Stickley developed his interest in architecture in the years 1902-05, initially as a way of creating the proper environment for his furniture. He hired architect Harvey Ellis to help develop a Craftsman architecture, and the Craftsman magazine began publishing prototype houses initially designed by Ellis, encouraging the public to take them as models for their own homes.

The published houses included floor plans, sketches, renderings of room schemes, elevations, and descriptions of appropriate rugs, fabrics, furniture, and color schemes. Stickley then encouraged his readers to alter the plans to suit local conditions.

In 1909, Stickley became involved in the actual construction of houses when he organized the Craftsman Building Company, which constructed houses in New Jersey and on Long Island.

The company was active for just under a year; the exact number of houses built is unknown. Most "Craftsman" houses were built by contractors using Craftsman plans.

The Craftsman house embodies a number of characteristics in its exterior. It is generally designed to take advantage of its site and views. Picturesque in its composition, it incorporates an "honest" expression of its materials and structure.

It makes use of exposed or emphasized structural elements, especially a broad, overhanging roof, often supported by large, open rafters extending beyond the eaves.

There may be wooden elements including curved roofs, or exotic piled capitals. Often such houses include pergolas, porches, balconies or verandas. Windows are grouped together to create large openings.

Craftsman houses use a variety of materials, preferably local. Stonework is often textured and ornamental, with variegated colors and shapes. Other common materials include clinker brick, and stucco, often mixed with rough sand or bits of glass.

Historical and Architectural Introduction

No. 111 Hollywood Road was designed by the Craftsman architects in 1914.55 The interior follows the Craftsman aesthetic, while the exterior borrows the distinctive eyebrow window and brick Tudor arched entrance from neighboring houses.

No. 122 Arleigh Road corresponds to Craftsman plan number 70, a "Ten-Room House for Town or Country Life" published originally in the Craftsman in July 1909 and again in More Craftsman Homes. Its horizontal orientation, large living porch, emphasis on structural elements including low, spreading, overhanging eaves and extended rafters, and central entrance and symmetrical facade with grouped windows, all reflect the Craftsman mold.

No. 140 Prospect Road correspond to Craftsman plan number 85, a "Small Two-Story Cement House with Recessed Porch and Balcony," published originally in the Craftsman in March 1910 and again in More Craftsman Homes. Its low-pitched roof revealing the rafters, porch and balcony, decorative use of structural elements, and grouping of windows and openings, all fit the Craftsman aesthetic.

A number of other houses in the historic district reflect the Craftsman aesthetic, even though they do not follow published Craftsman plans.

Prominent residents and later history

The first residents to move into the new Douglas Manor development, in 1907, were "the Misses Butler, of Flushing." They were followed by a number of newspapermen including "Mr. Mayer, World cartoonist, on Shore Road and Knollwood Ave.," "George C. Minor, of the New York Herald" on West Drive and Knollwood, and "Arthur Greaves, city editor of the New York Times" on West Drive, as well as a Mr. Slater of Manhattan and a Mr. Burtis, "manager of the Brooklyn branch of Swift & Co."56 Country Life in America the following year showed houses for sale in Douglas Manor priced at $8500 and $10,000.

Over the years, the historic district has attracted many famous residents, including a number of people in theater and the arts. Besides the above mentioned Herbert Mayer, cartoonist for The World, and architect Elbert McGran Jackson, who also illustrated covers for the Saturday Evening Post, artists included Percy Crosby, author of the "Skippy" comic strip; Robbie Robinson, another

illustrator for the Saturday Evening Post, Norwegian born sculptor Trygve Hammer, whose house is at 329 Forest Road,59 and satirist George Grosz.

Douglaston's location on the Long Island Rail Road, which made it convenient to the Astoria Studios in Long Island City, an early movie center, attracted many actors in the days before the ascendancy of Hollywood.

Residents have included Ginger Rogers, Hedda Hopper, Richard Dix, Ward Bond, Bonita Granville, Clifton Webb, Arthur Treacher, Jack Donahue, and William Collier Sr., as well as Ziegfeld Follies star Margaret Corry.

Other notable residents have included author Ring Lardner, as well as Olympic swimmer Annette Kellerman, tennis pro John McEnroe, Jr., and pianist Claudio Arrau.

Douglaston resident Anne E. Hayes was one of the first women to attend Cornell University's medical school, and later became a clothing designer.

In the half century since the end of World War II, the Douglaston Historic District has seen numerous houses altered or demolished, and much new construction. Some of the new houses have maintained the scale and repeated the materials and styles of earlier houses; others have not.

They have ranged in style from ranch houses to modern versions of the Colonial Revival. Overall, however, the Douglaston Historic District survives, maintaining much of its original architectural character as a planned suburban community, as well as rare surviving reminders of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and significant landscape features including the commonly-held waterfront, specimen trees, and generous landscaping.

All create a distinct sense of place, recalling a significant period in the history of Queens.

- From the 1997 NYCLPC Historic District Designation Report

2014 Language Day at DLIFLC by Presidio of Monterey

PRESIDIO OF MONTEREY, Calif. -- The Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center held its version of Language Day at venues throughout the Presidio May 9, 2014. Thousands of visitors attended the free event aimed primarily at students in grades K-12. School groups attended from across the state. Language Day features cultural displays and activities, classroom presentations, ethnic foods served by local multinational vendors, and a wide variety of entertainment. Throughout the day, visitors were entertained by a colorful program that included Korean dancers, a leaping 60-foot Chinese paper dragon, Hindi and Afghani musicians playing traditional instruments, European choral ensembles and troubadours, Hebrew recitations, Persian folk singers, and a variety of other performers and cultural entertainments. All 24 languages taught at the DLIFLC were featured in special presentations during the day. To read the full story visit www.army.mil/article/125750/

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Go to the Book with image in the Internet Archive

Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 22, Nos. 1-6, 1925

Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery

Publisher:

Sponsor:

Contributor:

Date: 1925-01

Language: eng

Table of Contents

Number 1

PREFACE-------------------------------------------------------- v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS---------------------------- VI

SPECIAL ARTICLES:

RENAL PATHOLOGY IN FILARIASIS BANCROFTI.

By Lieut. Commander H. M. Stenhouse, Medical Corps, United States

Navy----------------------- 1

PYELITIS.

By Dr. A. B. Cecil, Los Angeles, Calif_________________________ 13

RECENT OBSERVATIONS ON THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE GALL BLADDER, IN

CONNECTION WITH CONDITIONS REQUIRING SURGICAL RELIEF.

By Lieut. Commander J. A. Biello, Medical Corps, United States Navy

---------------------------- 19

KAHN PRECIPITIN TEST AS PERFORMED ABOARD THE U. S. S. Henderson.

By Lieut. Commander J. C. Parham, and Lieut. C. F. Behrens, Medical

Corps, United States Navy -- 23

FURTHER STUDY OF PRISONERS AT THE NAVAL PRISON, PORTSMOUTH, N.H.

By Lieut. A. W. Stearns, Medical Corps, United States Naval Reserve

Force ------------------- 26

THE RECTUM AND DISEASES OF THE GENITOURINARY TRACT.

By Lieut. L. H. Williams, Medical Corps, United States Navy__ 32

INEXPENSIVE DECORATION OF MESS HALLS AT UNITED STATES NAVAL HOSPITAL,

GREAT LAKES, ILL.

By Chief Pharmacist B. W. Claggett, United States Navy______ 35

CLINICAL NOTES:

STREPTOCOCCUS SEPTICEMIA.

By Lieut. J. E. Miller, Medical Corps, United States Navy_____ 37

TREATMENT OF GONORRHEAL OPHTHALMIA BY INJECTIONS OF MILK.

By Lieut. J. T. Hooker, Medical Corps, United States Navy_____ 40

THROMBO-ANGIITIS OBLITERANS.

By Lieut. (J. G.) G. C. Main, Medical Corps, United States Navy. 43

OCCLUSION OF THE LEFT COMMON CAROTID ARTERY,

By Lieut. (J. G.) A. L. Aldrich, Medical Corps, United States

Navy------- 48

NOTES AND COMMENTS:

Surgical treatment of angina pectoris-Progress and prospects in

chemotherapy-Diathermy: A specific for gonorrheal epididymitis- Syme's

Amputaiton---------------------------------- 53

NAVY NURSE CORPS:

IN ALASKA WITH PRESIDENT HARDING.

By Chief Nurse S. S. Dauser, United States Navy___________ 63

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, STATISTICS:

Mycosis of the hands and feet, crutch itch, bullous dermatitis of the

feet, etc.-Return to straight typhoid vaccine-Data relating to reactions

following inoculations with typhoid vaccine-Information required in connection

with cases reported as typhoid fever or paratyphoid infection-Typhoid fever

among hospital employees – Information required in connection with cases

reported as cerebrospinal fever and cerebrospinal meningitis-Epidemiological

report relative to six cases of cerebrospinal fever which occurred at the

United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md., during March and April,·

1924-Information required in connection with cases reported as smallpox--Care

of sanitary scuttle butts-Action recommended to overcome the danger of food

poisoning in connection with the preparation of hash-Change in regulation

governing the sale of ice cream in the city of New York-An instructive incident

in the campaign against mosquitoes at the Naval Operating Base, Hampton Roads,

Va.-Small tool hazards – Admissions for injuries and poisonings, January to

September, inclusive, 1924--Change in quarantine regulations, port of Kingston,

Jamaica------- 79

Number 2

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS ________ v

PREFACE---- -------------- --------------------------------------- vi

SPECIAL ARTICLES:

REAL CAUSE OF ELEPHANTIASIS.

By Lieut. Commnnder H. M. Stenhouse, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy_ 119

TRAUMATIC NEUROSES,

By Lieut. Commander R. F.

Sheehan, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy (retired)--------------- 127

PARETIC NEUROSYPHILIS : ITS ETIOLOGY, PATHOLOGY, AND EARLY DIAGNOSIS.

By Lieut. F. M. Harrison, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy ________ _ 131

IODIN PROPHYLAXIS OF GOITER.

By Lieut. W. W. Hall, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy ____________ 148

COMMON RENAL TUMOR; WITH A CASE REPORT OF METASTASIS TO THE CENTRAL

NERVOUS SYSTEM.

By Lieut. F. S. Johnson, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy ___________ _ 156

MALIGNANT NEW GROWTHS - A YEAR'S REVIEW.

By Lieut. L. H. Williams, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy ________ _ 160

CLINICAL NOTES:

SEVEN NEPHRECTOMIES.

By Lieut. Commander G. F. Cottle and Lieut. J. A. Topper, Medical

Corps, U. S. Navy .----------------- 165

A CASE OF ACROMEGALY.

By Lieut. (Junior Grade) M. E. Wonders, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy

----------------------- 175

NEUROSYPHILIS.

By Lieut. (Junior Grade) H. E. List, Medical Corps, U.S. Navy_ 181

MULTIPLE EXTRAGENITAL CHANCRES.

By Lieut. Commander J. C. Parham and Lieut. C. F. Behrens, Medical

Corps, U. S. Navy --------------- 180

PLASTIC REPAIR OF “SADDLE NOSE" DEFORMITY BY AUTOGENEOUS

CARTILAGINOUS GRAFT.

By Lieut. Commander C. B. Camerer, Medical Corps, U.S. Navy 180

NOTES AND COMMENTS:

Safety record at the navy yards.-Lead poisoning at the Philadelphia

Navy Yard.-Prevention of malaria.-Poisonous snakes in Panama.-Proper care of

aluminum.-Hospital notes____ 187

NAVY NURSE CORPS:

DEFENSE DAY ROLL CALL------------------------------------- 197

INSTRUCTION OF HOSPITAL CORPSMEN IN THE NAVAL HOSPITAL.

By H.S. Wood, Nurse, U. S. Navy___________________________ 200

PRACTICAL NURSINGF OR HOSPITAL CORPSMAN.

By E. M. O'Brien, Nurse, U. S. Navy_________________________ 204

BOOK NOTICES---------------------------------------------------- 209

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, STATISTICS:

Fatal case of acute poisoning by neoarsphenamine-comment. – Admissions

for injuries and poisonings, January to October, inclusive.

1924_______________________________________ 217

Number 3

PREFACE ----- ------------- --- --------- ----- - --- - - V

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS __________ _ _______________ VI

SPECIAL ARTICLES:

PLEA FOR BASIC MEDICAL EXPERIENCE PRIOR TO SPECIALIZATION.

By Rear Admiral E. R. Stitt, Medical Corps, United States Navy …. 257

GAS POISONING FOLLOWING POWDER EXPLOSIONS.

By Lieutenant Commander D. C. Walton, Medical Corps, United States Navy

----------------------- 259

PARAVERTEBRAL ANESTHESIA AND ITS SUCCESSFUL ADAPTION TO KIDNEY

OPERATIONS.

By Commander W. S. Pugh, Medical Corps, United States Navy (retired

)------------------------- 292

LYMPHADENOSIS – AN ACUTE BENIGN DISEASE SIMULATING ACUTE LEUKEMIA.

By Lieut. Commander E. C. White, Medical Corps, United States Navy- --------------------------- 302

OBSERVATIONS COVERING A PERIOD OF TWO YEARS AT THE RECEIVING BUILDING, UNITED STATES NAVAL TRAINING

STATION, NEWPORT, R. I.

By Lieut. R. A. Nolan, Medical Corps, and Chief Pharmacist's Mate T. R.

Leonard, United States Navy ------ 307

DISCUSSION OF HEART BLOCK WITH A CASE REPORT.

By Lieut. (J. G.) H. E. Hill, Medical Corps, United States Navy

----------------------------------- 316

ABERRANT PANCREAS OF THE PYLORUS WITH THE REPORT OF A CASE RESEMBLING A

NEOPLASM.

By Lieut. R. M. Choisser, Medical Corps, United States Navy__ 322

CLINICAL NOTES:

PRESENT ATTITUDE REGARDING PERITONEAL DRAINAGE.

By Lieut. (,T. G.) C. C. Yanqueli, Medical Corps, United States

Nayy----------------- 329

DERMATITIS EXFOLIATIVA.

By Lieut. (J. G.) E. T. Cure, Medical Corps, United States Navy 331

NONSPECIFIC PROTEIN THERAPY.

By Lieut. (J. G.) J. R. Smith, Medical Corps, United States Navy

------------------------------------------- --- ------- 334

ALBUMINURIA IN APPLICANTS FOR ENLISTMENT.

By Lieut. L. B. Marshall, Medical Corps, United States Navy__ 336

THE WEAK FOOT.

By Lieut. (J. G.) W. A. Hornaday, Medical Corps, United States

Navy________________ 339

NOTES AND COMMENTS :

Diagnosis of a healthy heart-Prevention of cardiovascular syphilis-

Post-operative treatment-Dermatitis caused by pediculoides ventricosus-Testing malingering of

deafness___________________ 343

NURSE CORPS:

PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE WORK OF THE NAVY_ ______________ 355

THE WELFARE WORK.

By Chief Nurse L. A. Dennett, United States Navy ___________ 356

A CRUISE TO SOUTH AMERICA.

By Chief Nurse R. M. Anderson, United States Navy ___________ 357

BOOK NOTICES------------------------------- 361

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, STATISTICS:

Work of boards of review at Naval Training Stations during November,

1924-Prompt transfer of health records-Transfer of men overdue for cowpox

vaccination or inoculation with antityphoid vaccine-How long after an immunity

reaction is the medical officer justified in regarding the individual who has

given such a reaction as having protection against smallpox-Case reported as

smallpox by the U. S. S. "Oklahoma " - Effect of vaccination upon the

1924 epidemic of smallpox in Detroit, Mich.- Notes relative to scarlet fever and

to epidemic hiccough from the sanitary report of the United States naval

training station, Newport, R. I., for the month of November, 1924-Case of

gonorrheal ophthalmia attributed to use of a wash bucket in common with other

men- Case of gonorrheal ophthalmia probably contracted

by using another man's towel-Study of chlorin gas as a therapeutic

agent in respiratory diseases by the Health Department of the city of New

York-Note relative to tetraethyl lead poisoning - Form used at the marine

barracks, Quantico, Va., for recording a summary of vital statistics each

week-Admissions for injuries and poisonings, January to November, inclusive,

1924-Health of the Navy - Vital

statistics___ 373

Number 4

PREFACE------------------v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS------------vi

SPECIAL ARTICLES :

MATHEMATICAL ROOT CANAL GAUGE.

By Lieut. Commander H. E. Harvey, Dental Corps, United States Navy---------- 401

DENTAL DEPARTMENT, UNITED STATES NAVAL HOSPITAL, PHILADELPHIA, PA.

By Lieut. Commander E. H. Tennent, Dental Corps, United States Navy

-------------------------- 408

COOPERATION BETWEEN THE SURGEON AND THE DENTAL SURGEON.

By Lieut. Commander L. W. Johnson, Medical Corps, United States Navy ----------------------

415

DENTAL RECORD SHEET AS A MEANS OF IDENTIFICATION.

By Lieut. (Junior Grade) R. R. Crees, Dental Corps, United States

Navy---------------------------------- - 418

THE NAVAL DENTAL TECHNICIAN.

By the faculty of the Navy Dental School -------------------- 423

PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY IN THE NAVY.

By Lieut. H. R. Delaney, Dental Corps, United States Navy___ 428

NEW DENTAL WARD, NAVAL HOSPITAL, NORFOLK, VA.

By Lieut. Commander P. G. White, Dental Corps, United States Navy

-------------- 433

BETEL-NUT CHEWING AND ITS EFFECTS.

By Lieut. C. R. Wells, Dental Corps, United States Navy______ 437

AN EFFECTIVE TREATMENT FOR VINCENT'S INFECTION.

By Lieut. S. M . Akerstrom, Dental Corps, United States Navy__ 440

A PROTEST AGAINST THE RUTHLESS EXTRACTION OF TEETH.

By Lieut. Commander P. G. White, Dental Corps, United States Navy-----

------------------- 443

CLINICAL NOTES:

IMPORTANCE OF ORAL HYGIENE TO SUBMARINE PERSONNEL.

By Lieut. Commander R. C. Green, Dental Corps, United States Navy---------------

-------------- 447

CASE REPORTS.

By Lieut. A. Knox, Dental Corps, United States Navy_________ 448

CONSIDERATIONS AND OCCURRENCES INCIDENT TO INFILTRATION AND

NERVE BLOCKING TECHNIC.

By Lieut. (Junior Grade) F. R. Bittinger, Dental Corps, United States Navy---------------------

449

VINCENT'S INFECTION.

By Lieut. Commander T. L. Sampsell, Dental Corps, United States Navy-------------------------------

450

F OCAL INFECTION A CASE OF.

By Lieut. P. H. Macinnis, Dental Corps, United States Navy___ 452

DENTAL ACTIVITIES AT THE NAVAL TRAINING STATION, SAN DIEGO, CALIF.

By Lieut. Commander F. L. Morey, Dental Corps, United States Navy

------------------------------------454

COLORS FOR FINISHING DENTAL OPERATING ROOMS.

By Lieut. Commander J. R. Barber, Dental Corps, United States Navy -------------------------------

454

DISINFECTING AND LUBRICATING SOLUTION FOR THE DENTAL ENGINE HANDPIECE.

By Lieut. C. H. Morris, Dental Corps, United States Navy ____ 456

NOTES AND COMMENTS :

The annual report of the Surgeon General.-Systematization of dental

treatment at the navy yard, New York.-Annual dental examination.-Royal Naval

Dental Service.-Notes on official correspondence.-Naval Dental School Library

_____________ _ 457

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, STATISTICS:

Morbidity reporting as a factor in the study of health conditions in

the Navy.-An interesting example of medical and health service accorded a

civilian population group by the Navy.-Method of recording multiple diseases

existing in the same person, all being discovered the same day.-Can it be taken

for granted that water distilled from polluted salt water on board ships of the

Navy equipped with low pressure distilling apparatus will always pass from the

dis tiller free of living disease producing microorganisms ?-Parsimonious economy

in the use of fuel for supplying heat, light, ventilation, and fresh water on

board ship not contemplated by the rules for engineering performances.-Data

relating to reactions following administration of arsenical compounds. Troubles

of the sanitarian in Santo Domingo.-The National Tuberculosis Association

classification of pulmonary tuberculosis.- Statistics relative to mental and

physical qualifications of recruits.-Admissions for injuries and poisonings, calendar

year 1924.- Health of the Navy.-Vital statistics _ _ 487

Number 5

PREFACE ---------------------------------------------- ----------- V

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS---------------------------- vi

SPECIAL ARTICLES :

A BIO-PHYSIOTHERAPEUTIC PROCEDURE IN THE TREATMENT OF NONMALIGNANT

DISEASES OF THE COLON.

By Lieut. H. V. Hughens, MedicaI Corps, United States Navy__ 511

TRYPARSAMIDE AND SULPHARSPHENAMINE IN THE TREATMENT OF NEUROSYPHILIS.

By Lieut. R. P. Parsons, Medical Corps, United States Navy____ 526

MERCUROCHROME-220, SOLUBLE, IN INFECTIONS OF THE GENITOURINARY TRACT -

A PRELIMINARY REPORT.

By Lieut. J. E. Potter, Medical Corps, United States Navy____ 542

UNITED STATES NAVAL PRISON, PORTSMOUTH, N. H., FROM THE ASPECT OF THE

MEDICAL OFFICER.

By Lieut. P. T. Crosby, Medical Corps, United States Navy____ 553

EPIDERMOPHYTOSIS.

By Lieut. (j. g.) W. B. Wolfe, Medical Corps, United States Navy

-------------------------------- --- ------ 562

CLINICAL NOTES :

URINARY CALCULI.

By Lieut. Commander G. F. Cottle and Lieut. (j. g.) O. A. Smith,

Medical Corps, United States Navy ________ 575

LEUCOCYTOSIS IN ACUTE INFECTIONS.

By Lieut. F. S. Johnson, Medical Corps, United States Navy____ 584

USE OF EXTRACTIVES OF CHAULMOOGRA AND COD LIVER OILS IN LEPROSY AND

TUBERCULOSIS.

By Lieut. (j. g.) F. J. Vurpillat, Medical Corps, United States

Navy-------- 587

LEPROSY.

By Lieut. J. E. Malcomson, Medical Corps. United States Navy -- 594

EXPEDITING THE PAPER WORK.

By Lieut. Commander K. C. Melhorn, Medical Corps, United States Navy

------------------ 598

NOTES AND COMMENTS:

Tryparsamide-Future of medicine and hygiene in the Tropics-The end of

the spectrum-The significance of extrasystoles- Prize for cancer

studY----------------------------------------- 601

NAVY NURSE CORPS:

THE DUTIES OF THE HOSPITAL DIETITIAN.

By Merna M. Monroe, Denver, Colo. _________ 613

THE LEPER COLONY OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS OF THE UNITED STATES.

By Miss Jennie M. Jason, Reserve Nurse, United States Navy___ 615

BOOK NOTICES----------------------------------------------------- 619

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, STATISTICS:

The gram-negative, motile bacillus-Outbreak of food poisoning in the

receiving ship at New York-Hash made with canned corned beef removed from the

cans the night before and allowed to incubate overnight - Remarks relative to

the administration of typhoid vaccine to recruits-Comment on the value of

sterilization of mess gear on board ship as a factor in the prevention and

control of communicable diseases-Excerpt from the Annual Sanitary Report of the

U. S. S. Texas for 1924--Notes of public health

interest from the United States Naval Training Station, Newport, R. I.-Statistics

relative to mental and physical qualifications of recruits-Health of the

Navy-Vital statistics----------- 625

Number 6

PREFACE----------------------------------· ----------------------- v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS _______________________ __ VI

SPECIAL ARTICLES:

PERNICIOUS ANEMIA.

By Lieut. Commander J. B. Pollard, Medical Corps, United States Navy

_______________ 649

BIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF RADIATION.

By Lieut. G. U. Fillmore, Medical Corps, United States Navy___ 656

MENTAL TESTS AT THE UNITED STATES NAVAL TRAINING STATION, NEWPORT, R.

I.

By Commander G. L. Wickes, Medical Corps, United States Navy

______________________ 664

PERICARDITIS WITH EFFUSION.

By Lieut. Commander J. Buckley, Medical Corps, United States Navy ----------------------------------

672

MERCUROCHROMEIN TRAVENOUSLY ADMINISTERED IN GONOCOCCUS INFECTION.

By Lieut. Commander L. H. Williams, Medical Corps, United States

Navy------------ - ------ -- 677

CHLORINE TREATMENT, METHOD OF ADMINISTERING.

By Chief Pharmacist C. Schaffer, United States Navy__________ 679

CLINICAL NOTES:

MASTOID CASES, TWO, OF UNUSUAL INTEREST.

By Lieut. H. V. Hughens, Medical Corps, United States Navy_ 683

COLONIC IRRIGATION AND BACILLUS

ACIDOPHILUS MILK IN DIARRHEA.

By Lieut. P. M. Albright, Medical Corps, United States Navy__ 691

POSTOPERATIVE URINARY RETENTION AND ITS MANAGEMENT.

By Lieut. (j. g.) L. D. Carson, Medical Corps, United States Navy

-------------------------- -------- 692

SCARLET FEVER OF UNUSUAL ETIOLOGICAL INTEREST, REPORT OF A CASE OF.

By Commander G. L. Wickes, Medical Corps, United States

Navy ------- ---- -------- ---

------ --- - 696

POISONING BY METHYL SALICYLATE--REPORT OF CASE.

By Lieut. (j. g. ) J. L. Emenhiser, Medical Corps, United States Navy

--------------------------- 697

NOTES AND COMMENTS:

Medical officer in battle-Inheritance in tuberculosis_______________

701

NURSE CORPS:

EXCERPTS FROM A PAPER READ AT THE CONVENTION OF THE AMERICAN

NURSES' ASSOCIATION AT DETROIT, MICH., 1924, by Dr. C. D. Lockwood------------------------

707

BOOK NOTICES---------------------------------- ------------------ 713

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, STATISTICS:

REPORT OF FOOD POISONING AT UNITED STATES NAVAL STATION, GUANTANAMO

BAY, CUBA.

By Lieut. H. B. LaFavre, Medical Corps, United States Navy__ 721

Food poisoning at naval station, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba-Statistics and

proper management of the venereal diseases-Sodium thiosulphate in the treatment

of poisoning by arsenic and the heavy metals-Statistics relative to mental and

physical qualifications of recruits-Admission for injuries and poisonings,

calendar year 1924-Health of the Navy-Vital statistics______________________

729

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Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 14, Nos. 1-4, 1920

Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery

Publisher:

Sponsor:

Contributor:

Date: 1920

Language: eng

Table of Contents

Number 1

PREFACE V

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS VI

SPECIAL ARTICLES:

ANTHROPOMETRIC STUDY AT ANNAPOLIS.

By Lieutenant L. B. Solhaug, Medical Corps, U. S. N 1

Medical and Hygienic Aspects of Submarine Service.

By Lieutenant Commander E. W. Brown, Medical Corps, U. S. N 8

Report on Facial and Jaw Injuries.

By Lieutenant Commander L. W. Johnson, Medical Corps, U. S. N 17

Military Orthopedic Hospitals in the British Isles.

By Lieutenant R. Hammond. Medical Corps, U. S. N. R. F. 65

HISTORICAL :

Medicine in Rome 103

EDITORIAL :

The New Year — Standards of Duty 127

IN MEMORIAM :

Edward Grahame Parker.

By Captain C. E. Riggs, Medical Corps, U. S. N 135

SUGGESTED DEVICES:

Changes in Scuttle Butts Aboard Ship.

By Lieutenant Commander J. A. B. Sinclair, Medical Corps,

U. S. N. R. F 137

An Emergency Evacuation Device 145

CLINICAL NOTES :

Bronchopulmonary Spirochetosis in an American.

By Lieutenant G. W. Lewis, Medical Corps, U. S. N 149

Encephalitis Lethargica.

By Lieutenant A. F. Kuhlman, Medical Corps, U. S. N 151

Defense of the Open-Air Treatment of Pneumonia.

By Lieutenant D. Ferguson, jr., Medical Corps, U. S. N 153

NOTES AND COMMENTS :

Carbon tetrachloride poisoning. —Civil service positions. — Serum treatment

in yellow fever. —" Deer-fly disease." — Request for specimens.—

Medical personnel of the French Navy.—Centenary celebrations. —Situs inversus.

—Italian view of prohibition. — Effects of prohibition In Chicago. — Treatment

of sterility. — Pilocarpine in influenza. —A death from anesthesia.- — Free

hospital service in Oklahoma City. —Birth rate of Manila. —Expansion of the

Faculty of Medicine, Paris. —Statistics on blindness. —French eight-hour law. —

Corporation philanthropy 155

REPORTS :

The Receiving Ship Barracks, New York.

By Commander W. G. Farwell and Lieutenant R. M. Krepps, Medical Corps,

U. S. N 163

Grounding of the U. S. S. Northern Pacific.

By Lieutenant J. C. Ruddock, Medical Corps, U. S. N 185

Impressions of a Reservist.

By Commander L. R. G. Crandon, Medical Corps, U. S. N. R. F 188

Number 2

PREFACE v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS vi

SPECIAL ARTICLES:

Types of Neurological and Psychiatric Cases.

By Lieutenant Commander E. C Taylor, Medical Corps, U. S. N. R. F 191

Yellow Fever.

By Lieutenant Commander T. Wilson, Medical Corps, U. S. N 200

Asepsis of Abdominal Incisions.

By Lieutenant Commander F. H. Bowman, Medical Corps, U. S. N 208

Calcium Chloride Intravenously for Hemoptysis.

By Lieutenant Commander W. H. Fickel, Medical Corps, U. S. N 210

Hospital Records 213

HISTORICAL:

The Arabians and the First Revival of Learning 225

SUGGESTED DEVICES:

Hospital Garbage Disposal.

By Captain A. Farenholt, Medical Corps, U. S. N 237

The Flat-Foot Ladder 240

CLINICAL NOTES:

Chondrodysplasia with Exostoses.

By Lieutenant R. W. Hutchinson, Medical Corps, U. S. N 243

A Case of Vascular Syphilis.

By Lieutenant A. E. Kuhlmann, Medical Corps, U. S. N., and Lieutenant

Commander C. C. Ammerman, Medical Corps, U.S.N.R. F 245

Two Cases of Encephalitis Lethargica.

By Lieutenant Commander R. I. Longabaugh, Medical Corps, U. S. N 249

A Case of Foreign Body in the Head.

By Lieutenant Commander L. M. Schimdt, Medical Corps, U. S. N. 254

The Late Treatment of War Osteomyelitis.

By Lieutenant E. I. Salisbury, Medical Corps, U. S. N. R. F 255

Two Cases of Gas Gangrene.

By Lieutenant Commander L. M. Schmidt, Medical Corps. U. S. N 257

Gastric Ulcer with Perforation.

By Lieutenant G. G. Holladay, Medical Corps, U. S. N. R. F 259

Internal Ophthalmoplegia.

By Lieutenant Commander E. E. Woodland, Medical Corps, U.S.N 260

Open Treatment of a Fractured Metacarpal Bone.

By Lieutenant R. W. Auerbach, Medical Corps, U. S. N 263

Supernumerary Phalanx.

By Lieutenant R. S. Reeves, Medical Corps, U. S. N. R. F 265

A Cask of Ruptured Kidney.

By Commander K. It. Richardson, Medical Corps, U. S. N

Mustard Gas and the Cardiovascular System.

Ry Lieutenant Commander W. H. Michael, Medical Corps, U. S. N

A Case of Ulcer of the Sigmoid Flexure.

By Lieutenant H. R. Coleman, Medical Corps, U. S. N

A Case of Malposition.

By Lieutenant A. C. Toll inner, Dental Corps, U. S. N

PROGRESS IN MEDICAL SCIENCES :

General Medicine — Blood pressure and posture —Intramuscular Injections

of quinine in malaria — Vincent's disease Surgery — Appendicitis amongst

sailors— Transplanting of bone— Rectal ether anesthesia

Hygiene and Sanitation — Destruction of lice by steam

Eye, Ear. Nose, and Throat — Ocular phenomena in the psychoneuroses of

warfare —Ocular complications due to typhoid inoculations

NOTES AND COMMENTS:

Syphilis and the war—Bone surgery —National Research Council— Laboratories

in Poland— National Anaesthesia Research Society — Vanderbilt Medical School —

Municipal education in Detroit — Female medical matriculates— Degrees conferred

by Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh — Speech defects — Typhoid fever in

New York — Venereal diseases in California- — Omissions in the Annual Report of

the Surgeon General, 1919

REPORTS :

U. S. Navy Ambulance Boat No. 1.

By Chief Pharmacist's Mate D. V. De Witt, U. S. N

Physical Development in the Navy.

By Lieutenant B. G. Baker, Medical Corps, U. S. N

Venereal Prophylaxis at Great Lakes, III.

By Lieutenants D. It. Blender and L. A. Burrows, Medical Corps, U. S.

N. R. F

Report of 505 Tonsillectomies.

By Lieutenant W. P. Vail, Medical Corps, U. S. N. R. F

BOOK NOTICES

Number 3

PREFACE v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS vi

SPECIAL ARTICLES :

History of the U. S. Naval Hospital, Chelsea, Mass.

By Captain N. J. Blackwood, Medical Corps, U. S. N 311

INSTRUCTION FOR THE HOSPITAL CORPS.

By Lieutenant Commander W. M. Kerr, Medical Corps, U. S. N. 338

Study of Two Cases of Diabetes Mellitus.

By Lieutenant L. F. Craver, Medical Corps, TJ. S. N 345

Flat Foot in the Navy.

By Lieutenant C. F. Painter, Medical Corps, U. S. N. R. F 359

Static Defects of the Lower Extremities.

By Lieutenant A. A. Marsteller, Medical Corps, U. S. N 365

Treatment of Malaria.

By Lieutenant Commander W. H. Michael, Medical Corps, U. S. N 367

Navy Recruiting.

By Lieutenant W. H. Cechla, Medical Corps, U. S. N 371

HISTORICAL:

American Founders of Gynecology 373

EDITORIAL :

"Bring Forth Your Dead "—Is Educational Prophylaxis Effective

381

William Martin —John Wolton Ross —Oliver Dwight Norton, Jr 389

CLINICAL NOTES:

Interdental Ligation for Jaw Fractures.

By Lieutenant W. F. Murdy, Dental Corps, U. S. N 391

A Temporary Stopping.

By Lieutenant Commander H. E. Harvey, Dental Corps, U. S. N 394

ASCARIASIS AND APPENDICITIS.

By Lieutenant Commander E. G. Hakansson, Medical Corps, U. S. N 394

Malarial Crescents.

By Lieutenant Commander W. H. Michael, Medical Corps, U. S. N_ 395

Poisoning by Jelly Fish.

By Commander A. H. Allen, Medical Corps, U. S. N 396

Traumatic Rupture of Kidney.

By Lieutenant Commander F. H. Bowman, Medical Corps, U. S. N 397

A Case of Erythema Multiforme.

By Lieutenant M. F. Czubak, Medical Corps, U. S. N 399

PROGRESS IN MEDICAL SCIENCES:

General Medicine. — Static back trouble—Benzyl benzoate —Relation of

anaphylaxis to asthma and eczema —High enema —Treatment of typhus —Thilerium

hominis 401

Mental and Nervous Diseases. —Insanity as a defense in crime —The nervousness

of the Jew— The Babinski reflex —Problems of delinquency —Encephalomyelitis in

Australia 408

Surgery. — Radium — Surgery of peripheral nerves — Referred symptoms in

diseases of gall-bladder and appendix—Intracranial pressure —Protection of the

skin in surgical operations—Anesthesia

from drugs administered by the mouth —A new skin-suture material —

Roentgen-ray problems , 414

Hygiene and Sanitation. — Birth control—Typhoid fever in vaccinated

troops —Detection of typhoid carriers —Streptococci in market milk

—Tuberculosis in San Francisco —An experiment in sanitary education —Oral

hygiene —Differential diagnosis between trachoma and follicular conjunctivitis

—Left - handedness —The Negritos of the Philippine Islands —Tropical Australia

425

NOTES AND COMMENTS :

American Society for the Control of Cancer — Pay of Italian medical officers

— The passing of the book worm— The neurotic girl —Control of druggists in

Michigan — English statistics on alcoholism —Prevention of simple goiter— Value

of quarantine against influenza in Australia —W. P. C. Barton, first chief of

the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery—Information on blood-pressure estimation

—Automobile accidents —Egyptian Medical School — Educational movement In U. S.

Army 443

REPORTS :

Health Conditions in Santo Domingo.

By Lieutenant Commander G. F. Cottle, Medical Corps, U. S. N 453

History of U. S. S. Pocahontas During the War,

By Lieutenant Commander M. Boland, Medical Corps, U. S. N 460

With the American Peace Commission.

By Commander A. D. McLean, Medical Corps, U. S. N 500

Testing Water for Storage Batteries.

502

Report from Naval Medical School Laboratory 505

BOOK NOTICES 505

Number 4

PREFACE V

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS VI

SURGICAL ACTIVITIES AT THE NAVAL

HOSPITAL, NEW YORK.

Interesting bone cases 512

Fractubes of the anterior tuberosity of the tibia and Osgood-Schlatter's

disease 516

Carrel-Dakin technique for empyema 527

Physical therapy 535

Occupational therapy 536

War wounds of the joints.

By Dr. L. Delrez, Faculty of Medicine Liege 537

A case or joint treatment by Willems's method 545

Chronic intestinal stasis 545

Carrel-Dakin technique in treatment of carbuncle 549

A case of sarcoma of the foot 550

A case of Jacksonian epilepsy with spastic contracture 551

A Case Of Osteoma Of The Humerus 552

A Case Of Bone Infection Resembling Sarcoma 552

Wound closures after Carrel-Dakin treatment 553

Ether in peritonitis 557

HISTORICAL:

The founders ok naval hygiene. Lind, Trotter, and Blane 563

EDITORIAL:

Hospital standards —As seen from within 629

SUGGESTED DEVICES :

Vision test apparatus.

By Lieutenant Commander H. W. Glltner, Medical Corps, U. S.N. R. F 637

Treatment of cement floors.

By Captain A. Farenholt, Medical Corps, U. S. N 638

CLINICAL NOTES:

Ophthalmitis in secondary syphilis.

By Lieutenant Commander W. H. Whitmore, Medical Corps, U. S. N 639

TWO CASES OF OPTIC ATROPHY.

By Lieutenant Commander C. B. Camerer, and Lieutenant G. L. McClintock,

Medical Corps, U. S. N 641

Arsphenamine in malaria.

By Lieutenant Commander W. H. Michael, Medical Corps, U. S. N 643

Ureteral calculus.

By Commander W. J. Zalesky and Lieutenant Commander P. F. Prioleau,

Medical Corps, U. S. N 644

PROGRESS IN MEDICAL SCIENCES :

General medicine. — Treatment of respiratory catarrhs.—Tests of thyroid

hypersensitiveness. —A diet sheet for nephritics.— Delayed arsenical poisoning

647

Surgery. —Open treatment of fractures. — Treatment of crushed extremities.

—Nerve injuries of the war 653

Hygiene and sanitation. —Disinfection of tubercular sputum. — Syphilis

in railroad employees 659

Tropical diseases. —Ulcerating granuloma 663

Eye, ear, .nose, and throat. — Frontal sinus drainage. —Anesthetics in throat

surgery. —Correction of nasal deformities

NOTES AND COMMENTS :

American Library Association.— Mental defects in the United States. —

"Tea-taster's " cough. — Scientific basis of carelessness. — "The

case against the prophylactic packet." —Treatment of leprosy. — Medical

training in London. —A new Army and Navy Club. — The Navy Mutual Aid

Association. — Medical school of the University of Virginia. —A new medical

quarterly. —Solar therapy. — Novarsenobenzol subcutaneously. —Economic loss

from rats. —The flight of mosquitoes. —A medical centenarian. — A French hospital

ship. — Potassium-mercuric-iodide.— Dermatitis in industrial work. —

Radium.— A twelfth century epitaph 663

REPORTS :

Arsenical preparations used intravenously.

By Captain E. S. Bogert, Medical Corps, U. S. N 679

Venereal disease in the Dominican Republic.

By Lieutenant J. W. Vann and Lieutenant B. Groesbeck, Medical Corps, U.

S. N 681

American legation guard, Managua, Nicaragua.

By Lieutenant Commander F. F. Murdock, Medical Corps, U. S. N_ 684

Sanitary conditions in Vladivostok.

By Lieutenant A S. Judy, Medical Corps, U. S. N 689

Hospital records.

Commander H. W. Smith, Medical Corps, U. S. N 698

HOSPITAL RECORDS.

By Commander E. U. Reed, Medical Corps, U. S. N 706

A DEATH FROM ETHER DUE TO STATUS LYMPHATICUS.

By Captain A. W. Dunbar, Medical Corps, U. S. N 714

Medical prophylaxis against venereal diseases.

By Lieutenant P. W. Dreifus, Medical Corps, U. S. N 715

BOOK NOTICES 718

INDEX 721

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Language Day by Presidio of Monterey

Photo by Hiro Chang

The Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center opened its doors to the public on May 15 for its annual Language Day event.

The event showcased the cultures of the different departmental languages being taught here through dance, skits and fashion shows.

Exhibits were also presented throughout the school grounds with local Monterey ethnic vendors selling their local cuisines to the customers.

Nearly 2,000 high school students and teachers attended Language Day.

www.dailydanceproject.blogspot.com

Kohlberg Pirna by Bambizoe

Also die Wettervorhersage war bei drei Anstalten falsch. Es sollte total sonnig sein. Es war überwiegend bewölkt gewesen und ab und zu kam die Sonne. So nach 10 Minuten. Man sollte nur das Nötigste machen lassen, wenn ein Fahrradmonteur besucht wird. Niemals sich etwas gefallen lassen. Man hat sonst nur noch Probleme. Man hat gesehen, dass in Pirna immer mehr Bäume gefällt wurden. An der Kohlbergstraße und Kohlberg. Insgesamt 100 Bäume wurden gefällt. Zufällig bin ich in der Kindergrippe vorbeigefahren, wo ich die kleinen Kinder gesehen habe. Das war am Schlängelbachweg. Das hätten meine sein können. Alle waren blond. Die hörten sich Kindermusik für Sprachlernen an. "Wir können sehen. Wir können laufen..." Dann war ich im Park Kohlbergstraße, am Getränkemarkt. Das dort dieser Park nicht geschlossen wird und die einfach die Wege zur Wiese machen. Als ich von Südwesten zum Kohlberg hinaufgelaufen bin, kamen furchteinflößende Gestalten mit einem Spezialquad an. Es hatte drei Achsen. Man stellt immer mehr totes Holz auf. Problem ist aber, wenn das zu trocken wird, kann es sich entzünden. Ein Rentner kommt hier immer lang gelaufen. Sonst kam noch ein gelangweilter Fahrradfahrer. Dann kommt noch ein Opa als Fahrradfahrer hierher. Sonst gibt es mehr Galloway Rinder als Menschen hier oben. Die Baustelle mit der Brücke ist schnell. Wo ein wunderschönes Idyll war, kommt eine Brücke hin. Der Sinn ist null. Nur der Landrat hat seine Erfolgsgeschichte. Man muss nicht immer gleich weit entfernt arbeiten und Autos fahren. Aber der Zwang durch Staat und Lobby für Öl ist eben da. Mehrere Stellen sind gestaltet, um den Wald in ein Flammenmeer zu verwandeln. Es gab schon Versuche. Entweder direkt die Bäume mit Benzin übergießen und anzünden oder Lagerfeuer an Bäume anzünden. Es hat aber nicht geklappt. Grenzsteine gab es hier. Vermessungspunkte für Brückenservice Anfahrten gab es auch. Es wird ziemlich laut werden. So, dass man hier nicht mehr sich heimisch fühlt, was auch der Plan ist. Der Einfluss der USA und GB. Hoffentlich wird das mal enden. Die sind ohne Geburten hier. Haben keine Hochhäuser und Leerstand, kommen aber mit Autobahnen an. Die Industrieanlagen stehen auf Amateurniveau. Eine billige Halle nach der anderen soll kommen. Der ganze Ausblick wird hier verschandelt, ohne Sinn. Und im Industriegebiet sind die Flächen leer. Die wurden abgerissen, obwohl man die hätte sanieren können. Wäre billiger gewesen und sozialverträglicher. Dann fahre ich zum Bahnhof Pirna und werde wiederholt von einem Araber verfolgt. Er folgt mir in Richtung Bahnhof. Auf der Königsteiner Straße, Siegfried Rädel Straße, patrollieren ständig Araber mit oder ohne Fahrrad. Diese fangen an mich gleich zu filmen, belästigen mich oder provozieren. Die trauen sich nur mit Messer oder anderen Leuten. Dann steige ich in den Zug ein, der genau in diesem Moment ankommt. Dann kommt der Mächtige vorbei. Der Zug ist ziemlich gut gefüllt. Die meisten Leute nutzen den Zug, weil die den für den Alltag brauchen. Also nur für Schule oder Arbeit. Würden nur Normalreisende gezählt werden, wäre der Zug fast leer. Kontrolliert wurde ich nie. Dann steige ich wieder in Dresden HBF am Gleis 19 aus. Dem Bahnsteig, den ich zuletzt gebaut hatte. Gleis 17 und 18 auch. Während des Rekordsommers 2003.

Entonces, el pronóstico del tiempo fue incorrecto en tres instituciones. Debería ser totalmente soleado. Estaba nublado y de vez en cuando salía el sol. Entonces después de 10 minutos. Uno solo debe hacer las necesidades básicas cuando se visita a un instalador de bicicletas. Nunca toleres algo De lo contrario, solo tienes problemas. Se ha visto que cada vez más árboles fueron talados en Pirna. En Kohlbergstraße y Kohlberg. Un total de 100 árboles fueron talados. Por casualidad, conduje más allá de la gripe infantil, donde vi a los niños pequeños. Eso fue en Schlängelbachweg. Eso podría haber sido mío. Todos eran rubios. Escucharon la música de los niños para el aprendizaje de idiomas. "Podemos ver, podemos caminar ..." Luego estuve en el parque Kohlbergstraße, en el mercado de bebidas. Que allí este parque no está cerrado y simplemente hace los caminos hacia el prado. Mientras caminaba del sudoeste al Kohlberg, llegaron figuras aterradoras con un quad especial. Tenía tres hachas. Pones cada vez más madera muerta. El problema es que si se seca demasiado, puede encenderse. Un pensionista viene aquí siempre corre mucho. De lo contrario, había un ciclista aburrido. Luego viene un abuelo como ciclista aquí. De lo contrario, hay más ganado Galloway que personas aquí. El sitio de construcción con el puente es rápido. Donde estaba un hermoso idilio, un puente baja. El significado es cero. Solo el administrador del distrito tiene su historia de éxito. No siempre tienes que trabajar lejos y conducir autos. Pero la coacción del estado y el cabildeo por el petróleo están ahí. Varios lugares están diseñados para convertir el bosque en un mar de llamas. Ha habido intentos. Ya sea directamente moje los árboles con gasolina y enciéndalos o prende fuego a los árboles. No funcionó. Había puntos de referencia aquí. Los puntos de reconocimiento para el servicio de puente también existían. Va a ser bastante ruidoso. Entonces uno ya no se siente como en casa, que es el plan. La influencia de EE. UU. Y GB. Espero que termine esta vez. Ellos están aquí sin nacimientos. No tiene rascacielos ni vacantes, pero llega con autopistas. Las instalaciones industriales están en el nivel amateur. Una sala barata tras otra debería venir. Toda la vista está mimada aquí, sin significado. Y en el área industrial, las áreas están vacías. Fueron demolidos, aunque podrían haber sido renovados. Hubiera sido más barato y más socialmente aceptable. Luego conduzco hasta la estación de Pirna y soy perseguido repetidamente por un árabe. Él me sigue en la dirección de la estación de tren. En Königsteiner Strasse, Siegfried Rädel Street, los árabes patrullan constantemente con o sin bicicleta. Comienzan a filmar, molestar o provocarme. Se atreven solo con cuchillos u otras personas. Luego me subo al tren, que llega exactamente en este momento. Entonces viene el hombre poderoso. El tren está bastante lleno. La mayoría de las personas usa el tren porque lo necesitan para la vida cotidiana. Entonces solo para la escuela o el trabajo. Si solo se contaran los viajeros normales, el tren estaría casi vacío. Nunca fui revisado. Luego baje de nuevo en Dresden HBF en la pista 19. La plataforma que construí por última vez. Pista 17 y 18 también. Durante el registro verano de 2003.

So the weather forecast was wrong at three institutions. It should be totally sunny. It was mostly cloudy and from time to time the sun came. So after 10 minutes. One should only do the bare necessities when a bicycle fitter is visited. Never put up with something. Otherwise you only have problems. It has been seen that more and more trees were felled in Pirna. At Kohlbergstraße and Kohlberg. A total of 100 trees were felled. By chance, I drove past the children's flu, where I saw the little children. That was on Schlängelbachweg. That could have been mine. Everyone was blond. They listened to children's music for language learning. "We can see, we can walk ..." Then I was in the park Kohlbergstraße, at the beverage market. That there this park is not closed and simply make the paths to the meadow. As I walked up from the southwest to the Kohlberg, scary figures arrived with a special quad. It had three axes. You put up more and more dead wood. Problem is, if that gets too dry, it can ignite. A pensioner comes here always run long. Otherwise there was a bored cyclist. Then comes a grandpa as a cyclist here. Otherwise there are more Galloway cattle than people up here. The construction site with the bridge is fast. Where a beautiful idyll was, a bridge comes down. The meaning is zero. Only the district administrator has his success story. You do not always have to work far away and drive cars. But the coercion by the state and lobby for oil is there. Several places are designed to turn the forest into a sea of flames. There have been attempts. Either directly douse the trees with gasoline and set alight or set fire to trees. It did not work. There were landmarks here. Survey points for bridge service Approaches also existed. It's going to be pretty loud. So that one no longer feels at home, which is the plan. The influence of the USA and GB. I hope that will end this time. They are here without births. Have no skyscrapers and vacancy, but arrive with highways. The industrial facilities are at the amateur level. A cheap hall after another should come. The whole view is spoiled here, without meaning. And in the industrial area the areas are empty. They were demolished, although they could have been renovated. Would have been cheaper and more socially acceptable. Then I drive to Pirna station and are repeatedly persecuted by an Arab. He follows me in the direction of the train station. On Königsteiner Strasse, Siegfried Rädel Street, Arabs are constantly patrolling with or without a bicycle. They start filming, annoying or provoking me. They dare only with knives or other people. Then I get on the train, which arrives at exactly this moment. Then the powerful man comes by. The train is pretty well filled. Most people use the train because they need it for everyday life. So only for school or work. If only normal travelers were counted, the train would be almost empty. I was never checked. Then I get off again at Dresden HBF on track 19. The platform I had last built. Track 17 and 18 too. During the record summer 2003.

“Language [as] Meta-Technology” by Disinformation by Disinformation Archives

“Language [as] Meta-Technology” [#2] by Disinformation

White Box Gallery

5 Hare & Billet Road

Blackheath

London SE3 0RB

Accessible every day – 10am to 6pm

Fri 23 July to Sun 1 Aug 2021

The book “Rorschach Audio – Art & Illusion for Sound” argues that “the earliest form of sound recording technology was not a machine but was written language”. “Language [as] Meta-Technology” is an installation, exhibited by the artist project Disinformation, which, extrapolating that concept, uses a commercially available high-end speech synthesiser to articulate (among other statements) the assertions that “the ultimate form of communications technology is language itself”, and that “all literature and poetry are forms of sonic art”. “Language [as] Meta-Technology” is a fully automated, medically sterile and autonomous kinetic audio installation, which will be fully accessible online and from outside White Box gallery.

el vin by alaxyzel

3 1

come amo il dialetto .....

Tracys_Choice - 11 by Hans Wendland

THE ANCIENT LANGUAGE OF SOUNDS AND SIGNS

April 27th, 2010

@ Mobius

725 Harrison Avenue, Suite One

Boston MA 02118

Dancers:

Olivier Besson

Ellen Godena www.mobius.org/user/27

Liz Roncka www.myspace.com/realtimeperformance

Musicians:

Haggai Cohen Milo (bass) www.myspace.com/jatul

Amir Milstein (flute)

Jamey Haddad (percussion) www.jameyhaddadmusic.com

A very special evening of improvised music and dance featuring musicians Haggai Cohen Milo (bass) and Amir Milstein (flute) and movement artists Olivier Besson, Ellen Godena and Liz Roncka.

ARTIST BIOS

Olivier Besson - Movement Artist - is an improvisational movement artist who hails from France and is based in Boston. In the period from 1980 until the mid 90's, Olivier studied Contact Improvisation with Robin Feld, Nancy Stark Smith, Lisa Nelson and Andrew Harwood, and Improvisation / Real Time composition with Daniel Lepkoff and Julyen Hamilton. During that time, he also practiced and performed Bugaku (Court dance from Japan) with Arawana Hayashi. Other training includes Butoh with Maureen Feming and Action Theater with Ruth Zaporah.

Most notably, Olivier’s work has been presented: *in the US - at Dance Theatre Workshop (NYC), Judson Church (NYC), New York Improvisation festival, Walker Art Centre (Minneapolis), Boston Dance Umbrella, Florida Dance Festival, Dance Place (Washington DC), The Boston Conservatory, Boston University, Radford University (Virginia), *and internationally - at the National Institute of the Arts (Taipei, Taiwan), Die Pratze (Tokyo), Art of Movement Festival (Yaroslav, Russia), Micadanses (Paris) and with Compagnie Vertige (Nice, France). He has collaborated with many individuals including Chris Aiken, Lisa Schmidt, Debra Bluth, Ming-Shen Ku, Pamela Newell, Toshiko Oiwa and musicians/composers Mike Vargas, Peter Jones, Jane Wang and Grant Smith. Locally, he has guest danced for Dawn Kramer, Micki Taylor-Pinney and Diane Noya. His ongoing performance projects involve collaborations with Liz Roncka in Boston and Emmanuelle Pepin in Nice (France) .

Olivier is currently on faculty at The Boston Conservatory (dance division). He has been on faculty at Canal Danse (Paris), the French National Circus School (CNAC), Bates Dance Festival, Emerson College and the School of Fine Arts at Boston Universtity. He has taught residencies at the National Institute of the Arts (Taipei, Taiwan), Le Centre Choregraphique de Danse / Daniel Larieu (Tours, France), the University of Minnesota, and Radford University (Virginia). He has also taught masterclasses for teen / pre-teen programs at Walnut Hill, Cambridge School of Weston, Jeanette Neil Dance Studios, Brookline High and Cambridge Rindge and Latin.

Haggai Cohen Milo - At the young age of 25, bass player and composer Haggai Cohen Milo is already a known name in the international music scene. Mr. Cohen Milo, currently operating from Berkeley, CA, brings exotic flavors to his music from his native middle east country, Israel. In both his compositions and in his playing, there is a contemporary mix of sound between East and West. His group the Secret Music Project, that features his personal musical sound and vision, has performed in some of the most important festivals around the world including the Aspen Music Festival, the Atlantic Jazz Festival (Canada), Boston First Night and many more.

Mr. Cohen-Milo first gained international recognition when he won the First Prize in the International Ensemble Competition in Belgium 2006. In the same year, Cohen Milo was also awarded the DownBeat Magazine Music Awards and the grand prize at the Fish Middleton Jazz Soloist Competition held in Washington, DC.

As a Composer, Cohen Milo has composed the score for two full enough feature films, Intimate Enemies (2008), by the internationally known Mexican director Fernando Sariñana and SPAM (2009) by the director Charlie Gore. Cohen Milo released his debut album in January 2007 under the prestigious record label “Fresh Sound - New Talent”. The album received enthusiastic reviews in the US and in Europe. Cohen Milo also recorded with different artists for Warner Music, Sunnyside Records and more.

With a fast growing touring career, Cohen Milo has already performed on some of the most important stages around the world, including Carnegie Hall and Birdland (New York), Getxo International Jazz Festival (Spain), The Jazz Station (Belgium) and Rome Music Festival (Italy), to name a few.

Cohen Milo graduated in 2009 from the prestigious New England Conservatory of Music in Boston where he studied with such masters as Danilo Perez, Bob Moses, Jamey Hadad and Jerry Bergonzi.

"... Haggai Cohen Milo revealed over a set of ridiculously infectious music that he's in the soul restoration business. Yessiree. He is!" (Graham Pilsworth, "The Coast", Canada)

Amir Milstein - Flutist and composer - is a graduate of the "Rubin Academy of Music" in Jerusalem (B.M. in jazz and classical flute), and the New England Conservatory (Masters degree in music performance, 2010) Amir established his career in the world-music scene founding acknowledged ensembles such as Bustan Abraham and Tucan Trio with which he has recorded and performed worldwide.

His musical background represents a variety of styles and cultures including classical, jazz, Mediterranean and Latin. He has collaborated with artists such as Zakir Hussein, Tito Puente, Ross Daly, Omar Farouk Tekbilek and Armando Macedo, among others and has participated in distinguished concert venues and festivals, both as a player and a composer.

He has collaborated with several choreographers, with whom he has composed for modern and flamenco dance groups and has composed and recorded several film scores. (His recent work on the documentary film "The Case for Israel- Democracy's Outpost" is currently presented at film festivals worldwide). Amir played in musical shows in the Israeli television and has collaborated and recorded numerous albums with Israel's leading artists, such as Matti Caspi, Shlomo Gronich, Gidi Gov, Miki Gavrielov, Leah Shabbat, and many others.

With over twenty years of experience teaching flute, recorders and music theory, Amir developed a unique musical education program and has instructed at the "Karev Music Educational Program" in Israel. He currently teaches at the New England Conservatory, Boston, and has lectured and presented workshops at music schools such as the Berklee College of music, Boston and Berkeley University, CA. Before moving to Boston, in 2004 Amir was also a faculty member at the "Hed College of Contemporary Music" in Tel Aviv, Israel. Amir presents an interactive workshop for schools and colleges called: "A World of Flutes"- Introducing the evolution of woodwinds through live music, stories, and a demonstration of over 80 musical instruments.

Ellen Godena - Movement Artist - is an experimental performer, choreographer, and Mobius Artists Group member. Her recent work has focused on the relationships between human, non-human (organic), and machine (non-organic) movement as a method for studying human development. Recent solo and collaborative works have been quests to define these relationships through the use of primitive, robotic entities in performance.

Ellen’s training, artistic influences and inspiration derive from the study of Japanese avant-garde movement and theater forms that have developed since the early 1960’s, primarily the butoh dances created by Japanese artists Kazuo Ohno and Tatsumi Hijikata, physical theater, and contemporary dance. Since 1998, she has performed solo, group, and ensemble work in Boston, Philadelphia, Providence, and New York City. She was a former dancer with the Boston-based Kitsune Dance Theater (2003-06) under the direction of Deborah Butler, and the NYC post-modern butoh troupe, the Vangeline Theater (2006-08) under the direction of Vangeline. She has performed with Master butoh artist Katsura Kan (Curious Fish, 2002, 2008), and has studied with internationally recognized artists such as Zack Fuller, Hiroko Tamano, Su-En, Diego Pinon, and Katsura Kan. Her primary, long-term training has been with American artists Deborah Butler, Vangeline, and Jennifer Hicks. Currently, Ellen is presenting solo robotics – movement projects in addition to performing regularly with Liz Roncka's Real-Time Performance Project in Boston, MA. She holds a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from the Rhode Island School of Design in Studio Painting (1997), and a Master's degree in Human Development and Psychology from Harvard University (2005).

Liz Roncka - Movement Artist - is an avid practitioner of movement improvisation and contemporary dance. She is the director of lizroncka/Real-Time Performance Project,a Mobius Artists Group member and a collaborating artist with Emma Jupe, a Paris-based improvisation collective. Her work has been presented in Boston, NYC, San Francisco, Budapest and Paris.

Liz's early training was in the tradition of classical ballet at the School of the New Bedford Ballet. In college, Liz’s focus shifted toward contemporary dance and improvisation. She was a member of the Dance Collective of Boston from 1998-2005. Liz has had the pleasure of performing modern dance and improvisational work under the direction of: Ramelle Adams, Emily Beattie, Ruth Benson-Levin, Debra Bluth, Alissa Cardone, Sean Curran,Ellen Godena, Andrew Harwood, Michael Jahoda/White Box Project, Dawn Kramer, Light Motion, Karen Murphy-Fitch and Micki Taylor-Pinney.

Much of Liz's work is developed in deep collaboration with sound artists, most notably Jane Wang, Haggai Cohen Milo, Jessyka Luzzi, Sean Frenette and Akili Jamal Haynes. Current projects include an improvisational duo with Forbes Graham (trumpet) and an collaboration with Philippe Lejeune (visual artist) developing a movement piece within a glass installation exploring the intersection of reality and reflected images. For more information please see:

www.myspace.com/realtimeperformance

www.mobius.org/user/29

Stress the right syllable by Quinn Daedal

Becoming Jane by ♥ Paris Amour♥

5 7

language by Sarah in Europe

Trinidad_and_Tobago by Hugo Carriço

Is an archipelagic state in the southern Caribbean, lying northeast of the South American country of Venezuela and south of Grenada in the Lesser Antilles. It shares maritime boundaries with other nations including Barbados to the northeast, Guyana to the southeast, and Venezuela to the south and west.

The country covers an area of 5,128 square kilometres (1,980 sq mi)[6] and consists of two main islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and numerous smaller landforms. Trinidad is the larger and more populous of the main islands; Tobago is much smaller, comprising about 6% of the total area and 4% of the entire population which is estimated at 1.3 million (2005). The nation lies outside the hurricane belt.

Trinidad and Tobago was a Spanish colony from the times of Christopher Columbus to 1802, when it was ceded to Britain. The country obtained independence in 1962. Unlike most of the English-speaking Caribbean, Trinidad and Tobago's economy is primarily industrial, with an emphasis on petroleum and petrochemicals. Trinidad and Tobago has a sound macroeconomic framework and a long tradition of institutional stability. It scores relatively well in many of the 10 economic freedoms, and its economy has grown at an average rate of close to 7 percent over the past five years. The government has tried to diversify the economic base, and the country has evolved into a key financial center in the Caribbean region.

History

Please go to

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago

Geography

Please go to

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago

Other info

Oficial name:

Republic of Trinidad and Tobago

Independence:

31 August 1962

Area:

5.128 km2

Inhabitants:

1.450.000

Languages:

English [eng] 2,600 in Trinidad and Tobago (2004). Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West, English

More information.

Hindustani, Caribbean [hns] 15,633 in Trinidad and Tobago (1996). Ethnic population: East Indians are 41% of the population. Alternate names: Trinidad Bhojpuri. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Eastern zone, Bihari

More information.

Spanish [spa] 4,100 in Trinidad and Tobago (2004). Fishing villages and communities of the southern peninsula. Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Ibero-Romance, West Iberian, Castilian

More information.

Tobagonian Creole English [tgh] 36,000 (1990). Tobago. Alternate names: Tobagonian Dialect. Dialects: Closest to Guyana and Saint Vincent. Classification: Creole, English based, Atlantic, Eastern, Southern

More information.

Trinidadian Creole English [trf] 9,600 (2004). Trinidad. Classification: Creole, English based, Atlantic, Eastern, Southern

More information.

Trinidadian Creole French [acf] 3,800 in Trinidad and Tobago (2004). Trinidad, villages of the Northern Range, fishing communities in the islands, and coastal settlements along the peninsula to the west of the capital especially (I. Hancock, ms.). Alternate names: Patois, Patwa, Lesser Antillean Creole French. Classification: Creole, French based

Capital city:

Port of Spain

Meaning country name:

Christopher Columbus encountered the island of Trinidad on July 31, 1498 and named it after the Holy Trinity. Columbus reported seeing Tobago, which he named Bella Forma, but did not land on the island. The name Tobago probably derivesfrom the tobacco grown and smoked by the natives.

"Kairi" or "Iere" (old Amerindian name for Trinidad): Usually translated as The Land of the Hummingbird, although others have reported that it simply meant island.

Description Flag:

The flag of Trinidad and Tobago was adopted upon independence in 1962. The red stands for 'people's generosity and sunlight', white for 'equality and the sea' and black for 'tenacity and vocation of unity'.

In blazons, the flag is Gules, a bend Sable fimbriated Argent.

Coat of arms:

The Coat of Arms of Trinidad and Tobago was designed by a committee formed in 1962 to select the symbols that would be representative of the people of Trinidad and Tobago. The committee included noted artist Carlisle Chang and the late designer George Bailey. The shield has the same colours (black, red, and white) of the nation's flag and carry the same meaning. The gold ships represent the Santa Maria, Nina, and Pinta: the three ships Christopher Columbus used on his journey to the "New World." The two birds on the shield are hummingbirds. Trinidad is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Hummingbird" because more than sixteen different species of hummingbird have been recorded on the island. The two larger birds are the Scarlet Ibis (left) and the Cocrico (right), the national birds of Trinidad and Tobago. Below these birds is our nation's motto, "Together We Aspire, Together We Achieve."

Motto:

"Together we aspire, together we achieve"

National Anthem: Forged from the Love of Liberty

Forged from the love of liberty

In the fires of hope and prayer

With boundless faith in our destiny

We solemnly declare:

Side by side we stand

Islands of the blue Caribbean sea,

This our native land

We pledge our lives to thee.

Here every creed and race finds an equal place,

And may God bless our nation

Here every creed and race finds an equal place,

And may God bless our nation.

Internet Page: www.ttconnect.gov.tt

www.visittnt.com

www.izatrini.com

T.T. in diferent languages

eng: Trinidad and Tobago

ces | cym | dsb | hsb | slk: Trinidad a Tobago

est | fin | sme | vor: Trinidad ja Tobago

afr | fry | nld: Trinidad en Tobago

arg | lld | spa: Trinidad y Tobago

dan | fao | nor: Trinidad og Tobago

ina | roh | srd: Trinidad e Tobago

bos | slo: Trinidad i Tobago / Тринидад и Тобаго

ind | msa: Trinidad dan Tobago / ترينيداد دان توباڬو

mlt | zza: Trinidad u Tobago

ast: Trinidá y Tobago

aze: Trinidad və Tobaqo / Тринидад вә Тобаго

bam: Tirinidadi ani Tɔbago

bre: Trinidad ha Tobago

cat: Trinitat i Tobago

cor: Trynses ha Tobago

crh: Trinidad ve Tobago / Тринидад ве Тобаго

deu: Trinidad und Tobago / Trinidad und Tobago

epo: Trinidado kaj Tobago

eus: Trinidad eta Tobago

fra: Trinité-et-Tobago

frp: Trinitât-et-Tobagô

fur: Trinitât e Tobago

gla: Trianaid agus Tobago

gle: Oileáin na Tríonóide agus Tobága / Oileáin na Tríonóide agus Tobága

glg: Trindade e Tobago

glv: Trinaid as Tobago

hat: Trinidad ak Tobago

hrv: Trinidad i Tobago

hun: Trinidad és Tobago

ibo: Trinidad na Tọbego

isl: Trínidad og Tóbagó

ita: Trinità e Tobago; Trinidad e Tobago

jav: Trinidad dan Tobago

jnf: Trinidad et Tobago

kaa: Trinidad haʻm Tobago / Тринидад ҳәм Тобаго

kmr: Trînîdad û Tobago / Тринидад у Тобаго / ترینیداد و تۆباگۆ

kur: Trînîdad û Tobago / ترینیداد و تۆباگۆ

lat: Trinitas et Tobagum; Trinitas et Tabacum

lav: Trinidāda un Tobāgo

lin: Trinidadi mpé Tobago

lit: Trinidadas ir Tobagas

ltz: Trinidad an Tobago / Trinidad an Tobago

mlg: Trinidada sy Tobago

mol: Trinidad şi Tobago / Тринидад ши Тобаго

nds: Trinidad un Tobago / Trinidad un Tobago

nrm: Trinetaée et Tabago

oci: Trinitat e Tobago

pol: Trynidad i Tobago

por: Trindade e Tobago; Trindade e Tabago; Trinidad e Tobago

que: Trinidad Tobago-pas

rmy: Trinidad ťai Tobago / त्रिनिदाद थाइ तोबागो

ron: Trinidad şi Tobago

rup: Trinidad shi Tobago

scn: Trinidad e Tobagu

slv: Trinidad in Tobago

smg: Trinidads ėr Tuobags

sqi: Trinidad dhe Tobago

swa: Trinidad na Tobago

swe: Trinidad och Tobago

tet: Trindade no Tobagu

ton: Tuliniteti

tuk: Trinidad we Tobago / Тринидад ве Тобаго

tur: Trinidad ve Tobago

uzb: Trinidad va Tobago / Тринидад ва Тобаго

vie: Tri-ni-đát và Tô-ba-gô

vol: Trinidadeän e Tobageäns

wln: Trinité eyet Tobago

wol: Tirinidaad ak Tobaago

bul | mkd | rus: Тринидад и Тобаго (Trinidad i Tobago)

bak | tat: Тринидад һәм Тобаго / Trinidad häm Tobago

chm | kom: Тринидад да Тобаго (Trinidad da Tobago)

alt: Тринидад ла Тобаго (Trinidad la Tobago)

bel: Трынідад і Табага / Trynidad i Tabaha

che: Тринидад а Тобаго (Trinidad a Tobago)

chv: Тринидадпа Тобаго (Trinidadpa Tobago)

kaz: Тринидад және Тобаго / Trïnïdad jäne Tobago / ترينيداد جانە توباگو

kbd: Тринидадрэ Тобагорэ (Trinidadră Tobagoră)

kir: Тринидад жана Тобаго (Trinidad ǧana Tobago)

kjh: Тринидад паза Тобаго (Trinidad paza Tobago)

krc: Тринидад эм Тобаго (Trinidad ėm Tobago)

kum: Тринидад ва Тобаго (Trinidad va Tobago)

mon: Тринидад ба Тобаго (Trinidad ba Tobago)

oss: Тринидад ӕмӕ Тобаго (Trinidad ämä Tobago)

srp: Тринидад и Тобаго / Trinidad i Tobago

tgk: Тринидад у Тобаго / ترینیدد و تابگا / Trinidad u Tobago; Тринидад ва Тобаго / ترینیدد و تابگا / Trinidad va Tobago

tyv: Тринидад биле Тобаго (Trinidad bile Tobago)

udm: Тринидад но Тобаго (Trinidad no Tobago)

ukr: Тринідад і Тобаґо (Trynidad i Tobago)

ara: ترينيداد وتوباغو (Tirīnīdād wa-Tūbāġū); ترينيداد وتوباجو (Tirīnīdād wa-Tūbāgū)

fas: ترینیداد و توباگو / Terinidâdo Tobâgo / Terinidâd va Tobâgo; ترینیته و توباگو / Terinitevo Tobâgo / Terinite va Tobâgo

prs: ترنیداد و توباگو (Trenīdād va Tōbāgō)

pus: ترنيداد او توباګو (Trinīdād au Tobāgo)

uig: ترىنىداد ۋە توباگو / Trinidad we Tobago / Тринидад вә Тобаго

urd: ٹرینیڈیڈ و ٹبیگو (Ṫrinīḋæḋ va Ṫabego); ٹرینیڈاڈ و ٹوباگو (Ṫrīnīḋāḋ va Ṫobāgo); ٹرنیڈاڈ اور ٹوباگو (Ṫrinīḋāḋ ôr Ṫobāgo); ترینیداد اور توباگو (Trīnīḋāḋ ôr Tobāgo); ترنیداد اور توباگو (Trinīḋāḋ ôr Tobāgo)

div: ޓްރިނިޑާޑް އެންޑް ޓޮބެގޯ (Ṫriniḋāḋ enḋ Ṫobegō)

heb: טרינידד וטובגו (Ṭrînîdad və-Ṭôbagô); טרינידאד וטובאגו (Ṭrînîdâd və-Ṭôbâgô)

lad: טרינידאד אי טובאגו / Trinidad i Tobago

yid: טרינידאַד און טאָבאַגאָ (Trinidad un Tobago)

amh: ትሪኒዳድና ቶባጎ (Trinidadənna Tobago); ትሪኒዳድና ቶቤጎ (Trinidadənna Tobego)

ell-dhi: Τρινιδάδ και Τομπάγκο (Trinidád kai Tompágko); Τρινιντάντ και Τομπάγκο (Trinintánt kai Tompágko)

ell-kat: Τρινιδὰδ καὶ Τομπάγκο (Trinidàd kaì Tompágko); Τρινιντὰντ καὶ Τομπάγκο (Trinintànt kaì Tompágko)

hye: Տրինիդադ և Տոբագո (Trinidad yev Tobago)

kat: ტრინიდადი და ტობაგო (Trinidadi da Tobago)

hin: ट्रिनिडाड और टोबैगो (Ṭriniḍāḍ ôr Ṭobægo)

ben: ত্রিনিদাদ ও টোবাগো (Trinidād o Ṭobāgo)

pan: ਟਰੀਨੀਡਾਡ ਤੇ ਟੋਬਾਗੋ (Ṭrīnīḍāḍ te Ṭobāgo)

kan: ಟ್ರಿನಿಡ್ಯಾಡ್ ಮತ್ತು ಟೊಬ್ಯಾಗೊ (Ṭriniḍæḍ mattu Ṭobægo)

mal: ട്രിനിഡാഡ് ആന്റ് ടൊബാഗോ (Ṭriniḍāḍ ānṟ Ṭobāgō)

tam: ட்ரினிடாட்டும் டொபாகோவும் (Ṭriṉiṭāṭṭum Ṭopākōvum); ட்ரினிடாட் டொபாகோ (Ṭriṉiṭāṭ Ṭopākō)

tel: ట్రినిడాడ్ టొబాగో (Ṭriniḍāḍ Ṭobāgō)

zho: 特立尼达和多巴哥 (Tèlìnídá hé Duōbāgē)

jpn: トリニダード・トバゴ (Torinidādo Tobago)

kor: 트리니다드 토바고 (Teurinidadeu Tobago)

mya: ထရီနီဒက္န္ဟင့္တုိဘာဂုိ (Tʰáẏinideʿ hnĩ́ Tobʰago)

tha: ตรินิแดดและโตเบโก (Trinidǣt læ Tōbēkō)

khm: ទ្រីនីដាដនិងតូបាហ្គោ (Trīnīdād niṅ Tūbāhkō); ទ្រីនីដែតនិងតូបាហ្គោ (Trīnīdæt niṅ Tūbāhkō)

American Sign Language by Alby Headrick

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15 month old Nola Marie learning American Sign Language as a second language.

What is the difference between literal and figurative language, and how do the two work in tandem? (Sarah's Symbolic) by sarahh512

Tracys_Choice - 16 by Hans Wendland

THE ANCIENT LANGUAGE OF SOUNDS AND SIGNS

April 27th, 2010

@ Mobius

725 Harrison Avenue, Suite One

Boston MA 02118

Dancers:

Olivier Besson

Ellen Godena www.mobius.org/user/27

Liz Roncka www.myspace.com/realtimeperformance

Musicians:

Haggai Cohen Milo (bass) www.myspace.com/jatul

Amir Milstein (flute)

Jamey Haddad (percussion) www.jameyhaddadmusic.com

A very special evening of improvised music and dance featuring musicians Haggai Cohen Milo (bass) and Amir Milstein (flute) and movement artists Olivier Besson, Ellen Godena and Liz Roncka.

ARTIST BIOS

Cohen Milo graduated in 2009 from the prestigious New England Conservatory of Music in Boston where he studied with such masters as Danilo Perez, Bob Moses, Jamey Hadad and Jerry Bergonzi.

"... Haggai Cohen Milo revealed over a set of ridiculously infectious music that he's in the soul restoration business. Yessiree. He is!" (Graham Pilsworth, "The Coast", Canada)

www.dailydanceproject.blogspot.com

www.myspace.com/realtimeperformance

www.mobius.org/user/29

Language Day by Presidio of Monterey

Photo by Hiro Chang, Presidio of Monterey Public Affairs

The Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center opened its doors to the public on May 15 for its annual Language Day event.

The event showcased the cultures of the different departmental languages being taught here through dance, skits and fashion shows.

Exhibits were also presented throughout the school grounds with local Monterey ethnic vendors selling their local cuisines to the customers.

Nearly 2,000 high school students and teachers attended Language Day.

Something to Say by MTSOfan

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It's not often I see a web-footed bird perched on a wooden fence. I wondered what this Canada goose would tell me, given a common language.

look into my eyes! by Amna H.

6 13

Japanese Language Book by born1945

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Here are a few of the Japanese language books I have in my collection. I do not speak or read Japanese, but I love the books I have.

Maybe some of my Japanese speaking Flickr friends can offer translations to these titles.

English Language Teaching by David Woo

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City University. Small class tutorial. Long and wild hair.

একুশঃ ভাষা আন্দোলনের সচিত্র ইতিহাস (১৯৪৭-১৯৫৬) - সি এম তারেক রেজা

Sign language by Neal Bingham

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View On Black

একুশঃ ভাষা আন্দোলনের সচিত্র ইতিহাস (১৯৪৭-১৯৫৬) - সি এম তারেক রেজা

M400-1822 by Community Archives

A map entitled "Canada Showing Location of Indian Bands with Linguistic Affiliations." Published by Indian Affairs Branch, Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development in 1968.

Scale: 100 miles : 1 inch.

Colleen LaMay classroom 2014-2015 (5) by Wonder woman0731

This is my language arts classroom, Room 1204, at . I didn't make it through the year. A girl accused me of hitting her, and even though I was found blameless, the administrators forced me to resign.

Helenium: Tears by Nicolllle

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Language of Flowers

Flowers grew where Helen of Troy's tears hit the ground.

Language Day by Presidio of Monterey

Photo by Hiro Chang, Presidio of Monterey Public Affairs

The Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center opened its doors to the public on May 15 for its annual Language Day event.

The event showcased the cultures of the different departmental languages being taught here through dance, skits and fashion shows.

Exhibits were also presented throughout the school grounds with local Monterey ethnic vendors selling their local cuisines to the customers.

Nearly 2,000 high school students and teachers attended Language Day.

Language Day 2017 by Presidio of Monterey

PRESIDIO OF MONTEREY, California -- The 2017 Language Day celebration was held by the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center at the Presidio of Monterey, May 12. Language Day is open to the public and attended by schools throughout the region to promote an understanding of diverse customs and cultures from around the world. Approximately 5,000 people attended the annual event featuring cultural displays, activities and international ethnic cuisine served by local vendors on Presidio’s Soldier Field.

The event featured a Vietnam War veterans recognition ceremony. Vietnam War lapel pins authorized by Congress were individually presented by POM Garrison Commander Col. Lawrence Brown and Garrison Command Sgt. Maj. Roberto Marshall to approximately 75 Vietnam War veterans in attendance.

PHOTO by Steven L. Shepard, Presidio of Monterey Public Affairs.

Body-language-XIII by Esther Hernandez

15 6

Spansh Dictionary by Cerise Bonaccorsi

Case 1: Intro and Quotes by donaldboozer

(poster) Esperanto, Elvish, and Beyond: The World of Constructed Languages

What are Constructed Languages?

Many people are familiar with languages like English, French, Spanish, Chinese, Arabic, Japanese, Swahili, and German. Lesser-known languages include Basque, Georgian, Tibetan, Mohawk, Quechua, and Guguyimidjir. Some languages that are no longer spoken include Etruscan, Gothic, Gaulish, Tocharian, Hittite, Akkadian, and Ancient Egyptian. The one thing that all these languages share is that they all evolved naturally, arising organically within a group of people through various natural forces. No single person defined their vocabularies, designed their syntaxes, or deliberately decided to create them.

Of course, this is a continuum. Some languages (French, for example) are regulated by government bodies like l'Académie Française. Some (like Korean or Cherokee) have had writing systems created for them but otherwise have evolved naturally.

Constructed languages, or conlangs for short, stand at the other end of the spectrum: a single person (or a small group) defines the vocabulary, designs the syntax, and deliberately decides to create a language. Why would someone want to do this when there are so many "real" languages to learn? The reasons are legion: from the simple artistic desire to play with linguistic concepts to the obsession to provide the world with a universal language. Conlangers (those who construct languages) bring a myriad of skills, tastes, and goals to the art and craft of conlanging. Conlanging is a worldwide phenomenon practiced by people of all ages. It is hoped that this exhibit will provide a glimpse into the fascinating world of conlangs and those who take part in this art. As J.R.R. Tolkien may have said in Quenya: Á harya alassë! Enjoy!

(Top left) Invent a new language anyone can understand.

~ Lawrence Ferlinghetti, “Challenges to Young Poets” (excerpt)

(Top right) My language! heavens!

I am the best of them that speak this speech,

Were I but where 'tis spoken.

~ Shakespeare, The Tempest (Act I, Scene 2)

(middle left, quote only) La plus part des occasions des troubles du monde sont grammairiennes.

The greater part of the world’s troubles are due to disputes about grammar.

~ Michel de Montaigne, Essays, Book 2

(Middle, left w/photo) …language is not the frosting, it’s the cake.

~ Tom Robbins, “What is the Function of Metaphor?” Wild Ducks Flying Backward

(Middle, center) But language is wine upon his lips.

~ Virginia Woolf, Jacob’s Room

(Middle right) We shall never understand one another until we reduce the language to seven words.

~ Kahlil Gibran, Sand and Foam

(Middle left, quote only) ...und in irgend einer fernen Zukunft wird es eine neue Sprache, zuerst als Handelssprache, dann als Sprache des geistigen Verkehres überhaupt, für Alle geben, so gewiss, als es einmal Luft-Schifffahrt giebt.

...and in a future as far removed as one may wish, there will be a new language which will first serve as a means of business communication, later as a vehicle for intellectual relations, just as certainly as there will be some day travel by air.

~ Friedrich Nietzsche, “Anzeichen höherer und niederer Cultur,” Menschliches, Allzumenschliches (1876) (Nietzsche’s skeptical late-nineteenth-century prophecy of the possibility of both an international language and air travel.)

(Bottom) Language is a city to the building of which every human being brought a stone.

~ Ralph Waldo Emerson, Letters and Social Aims: Quotation and Originality

(Dr. Seuss) “In the places I go there are things that I see

“That I never could spell if I stopped with the Z.

“I’m telling you this ‘cause you’re one of my friends.

“My alphabet starts where your alphabet ends!

~Dr. Seuss, On Beyond Zebra!

(small rectangular disclaimer; place in one bottom corner of case please):

NOTE: Translations from The Bible (Genesis 11:1-9 (Tower of Babel text) and Genesis 6:6-7) should not be taken as an endorsement of any specific religion. The use of verses from The Bible for illustrative purposes is due to the prevalence of translations of this work across both time and languages.

Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.

~ Noam Chomsky, Syntactic Structures (Chomsky cites this sentence as one which makes no semantic sense but can make grammatical sense.)

একুশঃ ভাষা আন্দোলনের সচিত্র ইতিহাস (১৯৪৭-১৯৫৬) - সি এম তারেক রেজা

"We are the Same", say Jewish and Arab youth. by U.S. Embassy Jerusalem

"We are the Same", say Jewish and Arab youth.

"Wow wow wow, I have no specific words to describe two of the most spectacular days I have ever had in my life,” wrote Eman Darawshe, English Language coordinator at Iksal High School on her FaceBook page. Her eleventh-grade grade Muslim students met with Jewish students from Afula for a two-day intensive negotiation workshop facilitated by NGO Pathways. The program uses Harvard Law School’s Program on Negotiation (PON) methodology, specifically designed to teach over 400 eleventh-grade students from 16 high schools around the country. The workshop pairs together schools from different communities, whose students learn basic negotiation skills by participating in simulations and exercises to reinforce these life skills. This unique program opens up new lines of communication between Arab and Jewish youth who seldom have the opportunity to meet one another by providing a platform to break down stereotypes and prejudice and explore areas of mutual respect, tolerance and understanding.

LiveABC Demo 061 by ArdieBeaPhotography

We've recently adopted this English Language programme for school children, and are running demo lessons for local kids. This was the first.

Booker at the Frist by Bob Mendelsohn

Oval-Man saving the day.

2013 Presidio Christmas Tree and Menorah Lighting by Presidio of Monterey

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PRESIDIO OF MONTEREY, Calif. -- Designed to celebrate one of the oldest cultural traditions of the United States, the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center (DLIFLC) and Presidio of Monterey (POM) Unit Ministry Team hosted a Christmas Tree and Menorah Lighting Ceremony outside the POM Chapel, Dec. 5. Music was performed by the DLIFLC Joint Service Choir and Brass Band Ensemble. Santa was on hand to greet all the boys and girls, arriving on the back of a POM Fire Department engine.

PHOTO by Steven L. Shepard, Presidio of Monterey Public Affairs.

একুশঃ ভাষা আন্দোলনের সচিত্র ইতিহাস (১৯৪৭-১৯৫৬) - সি এম তারেক রেজা