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In Kamuli District, Uganda, children watch as local hand pump mechanics employed by Whave replace a hand pump with a new electric water pump, which will reduce the time for the community to fill up jerricans. Whave operates a public-private partnership as a rural water utility throughout Uganda. Whave is a member of the USAID-supported Sustainable WASH Systems Learning Partnership (SWS), a consortium of researchers and practitioners identifying solutions to the challenge of developing robust local systems capable of sustaining water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) service delivery. As climate change threatens water supplies and infrastructure in sub-saharan Africa, the need for strengthened local systems that provide reliable water services is critical.
Environmental Incentives supports SWS consortium members like Whave to test system-strengthening actions aimed at improving the way in which the network actors involved in WASH services interact, and addressing the factors that affect the likelihood that WASH services will be sustained.
Photo by Patrick Nease.
From 2020 Environmental Incentives Staff Photo Contest.
Bagan; (formerly Pagan) is an ancient city located in the Mandalay Region of Burma (Myanmar). From the 9th to 13th centuries, the city was the capital of the Kingdom of Pagan, the first kingdom to unify the regions that would later constitute modern Myanmar. During the kingdom's height between the 11th and 13th centuries, over 10.000 Buddhist temples, pagodas and monasteries were constructed in the Bagan plains alone, of which the remains of over 2200 temples and pagodas still survive to the present day.
The Bagan Archaeological Zone is a main draw for the country's nascent tourism industry. It is seen by many as equal in attraction to Angkor Wat in Cambodia.
ETYMOLOGY
Bagan is the present-day standard Burmese pronunciation of the Burmese word Pugan, derived from Old Burmese Pyugam (meaning 'Pyu Village'). Its classical Pali name is Arimaddana-pura, lit. "the City that Tramples on Enemies". Its other names in Pali are in reference to its extreme dry zone climate: Tattadesa, "parched land", and Tampadipa, "bronzed country". The Burmese chronicles also report other classical names of Thiri Pyissaya and Tampawaddy.
HISTORY
7th to 13th CENTURIES
According to the Burmese chronicles, Bagan was founded in the second century CE, and fortified in 849 CE by King Pyinbya, 34th successor of the founder of early Bagan. Mainstream scholarship however holds that Bagan was founded in the mid-to-late 9th century by the Mranma (Burmans), who had recently entered the Irrawaddy valley from the Nanzhao Kingdom. It was among several competing Pyu city-states until the late 10th century when the Burman settlement grew in authority and grandeur.From 1044 to 1287, Bagan was the capital as well as the political, economic and cultural nerve center of the Pagan Empire. Over the course of 250 years, Bagan's rulers and their wealthy subjects constructed over 10000 religious monuments (approximately 1000 stupas, 10000 small temples and 3000 monasteries) in an area of 104 square kilometres in the Bagan plains. The prosperous city grew in size and grandeur, and became a cosmopolitan center for religious and secular studies, specializing in Pali scholarship in grammar and philosophical-psychological (abhidhamma) studies as well as works in a variety of languages on prosody, phonology, grammar, astrology, alchemy, medicine, and legal studies. The city attracted monks and students from as far as India, Ceylon as well as the Khmer Empire. The culture of Bagan was dominated by religion. The religion of Bagan was fluid, syncretic and by later standards, unorthodox. It was largely a continuation of religious trends in the Pyu era where Theravada Buddhism co-existed with Mahayana Buddhism, Tantric Buddhism, various Hindu (Saivite, and Vaishana) schools as well as native animist (nat) traditions. While the royal patronage of Theravada Buddhism since the mid-11th century had enabled the Buddhist school to gradually gain primacy, other traditions continued to thrive throughout the Pagan period to degrees later unseen.
The Pagan Empire collapsed in 1287 due to repeated Mongol invasions (1277–1301). Recent research shows that Mongol armies may not have reached Bagan itself, and that even if they did, the damage they inflicted was probably minimal. However, the damage had already been done. The city, once home to some 50.000 to 200.000 people, had been reduced to a small town, never to regain its preeminence. The city formally ceased to be the capital of Burma in December 1297 when the Myinsaing Kingdom became the new power in Upper Burma.
14th to 19th CENTURIES
Bagan survived into the 15th century as a human settlement, and as a pilgrimage destination throughout the imperial period. A smaller number of "new and impressive" religious monuments still went up to the mid-15th century but afterward, new temple constructions slowed to a trickle with fewer than 200 temples built between the 15th and 20th centuries. The old capital remained a pilgrimage destination but pilgrimage was focused only on "a score or so" most prominent temples out of the thousands such as the Ananda, the Shwezigon, the Sulamani, the Htilominlo, the Dhammayazika, and a few other temples along an ancient road. The rest - thousands of less famous, out-of-the-way temples - fell into disrepair, and most did not survive the test of time.
For the few dozen temples that were regularly patronized, the continued patronage meant regular upkeep as well as architectural additions donated by the devotees. Many temples were repainted with new frescoes on top of their original Pagan era ones, or fitted with new Buddha statutes. Then came a series of state-sponsored "systematic" renovations in the Konbaung period (1752–1885), which by and large were not true to the original designs - some finished with "a rude plastered surface, scratched without taste, art or result". The interiors of some temples were also whitewashed, such as the Thatbyinnyu and the Ananda. Many painted inscriptions and even murals were added in this period.
20th CENTURY TO PRESENT
Bagan, located in an active earthquake zone, had suffered from many earthquakes over the ages, with over 400 recorded earthquakes between 1904 and 1975. The last major earthquake came on 8 July 1975, reaching 8 MM in Bagan and Myinkaba, and 7 MM in Nyaung-U. The quake damaged many temples, in many cases, such as the Bupaya, severely and irreparably. Today, 2229 temples and pagodas remain.
Many of these damaged pagodas underwent restorations in the 1990s by the military government, which sought to make Bagan an international tourist destination. However, the restoration efforts instead drew widespread condemnation from art historians and preservationists worldwide. Critics are aghast that the restorations paid little attention to original architectural styles, and used modern materials, and that the government has also established a golf course, a paved highway, and built a 61-meter watchtower. Although the government believed that the ancient capital's hundreds of (unrestored) temples and large corpus of stone inscriptions were more than sufficient to win the designation of UNESCO World Heritage Site, the city has not been so designated, allegedly mainly on account of the restorations.
Bagan today is a main tourist destination in the country's nascent tourism industry, which has long been the target of various boycott campaigns. The majority of over 300.000 international tourists to the country in 2011 are believed to have also visited Bagan. Several Burmese publications note that the city's small tourism infrastructure will have to expand rapidly even to meet a modest pickup in tourism in the following years.
There is a well-known saying of Myanmar people : "If you are a real Myanmar, you must have been to Bagan." Bagan is spirit of history of Myanmar.
GEOGRAPHY
The Bagan Archaeological Zone, defined as the 13 x 8 km area centered around Old Bagan, consisting of Nyaung U in the north and New Bagan in the south, lies in the vast expanse of plains in Upper Burma on the bend of the Irrawaddy river. It is located 290 kilometres southwest of Mandalay and 700 kilometres north of Yangon. Its coordinates are 21°10' North and 94°52' East.
ARCHITECTURE
Bagan stands out for not only the sheer number of religious edifices of Myanmar but also the magnificent architecture of the buildings, and their contribution to Burmese temple design. The artistry of the architecture of pagodas in Bagan prove the achievement of Myanmar craftsmen in handicrafts. The Bagan temple falls into one of two broad categories: the stupa-style solid temple and the gu-style hollow temple.
STUPAS
A stupa, also called a pagoda, is a massive structure, typically with a relic chamber inside. The Bagan stupas or pagodas evolved from earlier Pyu designs, which in turn were based on the stupa designs of the Andhra region, particularly Amaravati and Nagarjunakonda in present-day southeastern India, and to a smaller extent to Ceylon. The Bagan-era stupas in turn were the prototypes for later Burmese stupas in terms of symbolism, form and design, building techniques and even materials.
Originally, an Indian/Ceylonese stupa had a hemispheric body (Pali: anda, "the egg") on which a rectangular box surrounded by a stone balustrade (harmika) was set. Extending up from the top of the stupa was a shaft supporting several ceremonial umbrellas. The stupa is a representation of the Buddhist cosmos: its shape symbolizes Mount Meru while the umbrella mounted on the brickwork represents the world's axis. The brickwork pediment was often covered in stucco and decorated in relief. Pairs or series of ogres as guardian figures ('bilu') were a favourite theme in the Bagan period.
The original Indic design was gradually modified first by the Pyu, and then by Burmans at Bagan where the stupa gradually developed a longer, cylindrical form. The earliest Bagan stupas such as the Bupaya (c. 9th century) were the direct descendants of the Pyu style at Sri Ksetra. By the 11th century, the stupa had developed into a more bell-shaped form in which the parasols morphed into a series of increasingly smaller rings placed on one top of the other, rising to a point. On top the rings, the new design replaced the harmika with a lotus bud. The lotus bud design then evolved into the "banana bud", which forms the extended apex of most Burmese pagodas. Three or four rectangular terraces served as the base for a pagoda, often with a gallery of terra-cotta tiles depicting Buddhist jataka stories. The Shwezigon Pagoda and the Shwesandaw Pagoda are the earliest examples of this type. Examples of the trend toward a more bell-shaped design gradually gained primacy as seen in the Dhammayazika Pagoda (late 12th century) and the Mingalazedi Pagoda (late 13th century).
HOLLOW TEMPLES
In contrast to the stupas, the hollow gu-style temple is a structure used for meditation, devotional worship of the Buddha and other Buddhist rituals. The gu temples come in two basic styles: "one-face" design and "four-face" design - essentially one main entrance and four main entrances. Other styles such as five-face and hybrids also exist. The one-face style grew out of 2nd century Beikthano, and the four-face out of 7th century Sri Ksetra. The temples, whose main features were the pointed arches and the vaulted chamber, became larger and grander in the Bagan period.
INNOVATIONS
Although the Burmese temple designs evolved from Indic, Pyu (and possibly Mon) styles, the techniques of vaulting seem to have developed in Bagan itself. The earliest vaulted temples in Bagan date to the 11th century, while the vaulting did not become widespread in India until the late 12th century. The masonry of the buildings shows "an astonishing degree of perfection", where many of the immense structures survived the 1975 earthquake more or less intact. (Unfortunately, the vaulting techniques of the Bagan era were lost in the later periods. Only much smaller gu style temples were built after Bagan. In the 18th century, for example, King Bodawpaya attempted to build the Mingun Pagoda, in the form of spacious vaulted chambered temple but failed as craftsmen and masons of the later era had lost the knowledge of vaulting and keystone arching to reproduce the spacious interior space of the Bagan hollow temples.)
Another architectural innovation originated in Bagan is the Buddhist temple with a pentagonal floor plan. This design grew out of hybrid (between one-face and four-face designs) designs. The idea was to include the veneration of the Maitreya Buddha, the future and fifth Buddha of this era, in addition to the four who had already appeared. The Dhammayazika and the Ngamyethna Pagoda are examples of the pentagonal design.
ECONOMY
Bagan's economy is based mainly on tourism. Because of boycotts against the previous military government, the Bagan region's tourism infrastructure is still quite modest by international standards. The city has a few international standard hotels and many family-run guesthouses. Bagan is also the center of Burmese lacquerware industry, which to a large degree depends on tourist demand. Much of the lacquerware is destined for souvenir shops in Yangon, and to the world markets. Moreover, the lacquerware-making process itself has become a tourist draw.
WIKIPEDIA
Replacing an earlier scanned print with a better version 25-Feb-19, plus topaz DeNoise AI 21-Feb-25. Taken on a very dull late afternoon through tinted glass.
First flown with the Embraer test registration PT-SUG, this aircraft was delivered to SkyWest Airlines as N205SW in Dec-91.
It was sold to Bill Davis Racing as N223BD in Feb-03. In Nov-09 it was sold to Sahara African Aviation (South Africa) as ZS-PBT.
The aircraft was leased to Mocambique Expresso between May-10/Jan-11. It's believed to be still operational with a private owner. Updated (Feb-19).
MTS is replacing the original 1989 concrete roadbed in the 12th & Imperial Transit Center busway. Here, the last section of 12" thick concrete is poured at the south end of the busway. A mid-June 2013 re-opening is planned.
May 5, 2021 - In May 2021, Verdant Power performed a retrieve-and-replace operation during which one of the turbines will be replaced with a rotor housing three thermoplastic blades manufactured by NREL. (Photo By Paul Komosinski)
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The market cross is 15th century, but the top fell off and was replaced with a copy in 1950. Very impressive & thirty feet high.
"Legend has it that it was originally erected by Galfridius de Mervin as a thanksgiving for his miraculous recovery from wounds received in a battle with the Saracens in 1309..." www.dorsethistoricchurchestrust.co.uk/stalbridge2.htm : but the cross that survives today is believed to be late 15th century.
"John Wesley says in his journal... that he preached at Stalbridge Cross [in 1766] and tells us his followers were pelted with mud and filth, though Wesley was unharmed." dorset-ancestors.com/?p=1434http://dorset-ancestors.com/?...
In the background is the Swan pub. "Most of the buildings [on the east side of the High Street] have later frontages but have early Georgian or Tudor internal structures... The Swan has a large older stable block behind it (now a skittle alley) which once housed a forge, and there were pigsties, cart sheds, a coach house and stabling for 17 horses. This area with Gold Street was the hub of business and trade from Medieval times until late Georgian." www.stalbridge.info/uploads/3/1/5/8/31586035/stalbridge_h...
I saw this week that this building is to be torn down and replaced with an new purpose built unit for a US version of Primark. This would be the 4th store in the UK, the others being in Birmingham, Oxford St (London) and the Olympic Park.
Not knowing the pure importance of this building, (partially down to my youth!) I was informed that in one of those upstairs windows, is the office where Brian Epstien forged a relationship with a group of 4 lads we would later know as The Beatles.
Why is there no blue plaque?
The evening sun lights up the architecture of this 50's building really well in my view.
The news article in the Echo can be found here:
www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/liverpool-news/local-news/2011/12...
When you try your best but you don't succeed
When you get what you want but not what you need
When you feel so tired but you can't sleep
Stuck in reverse
And the tears come streaming down your face
When you lose something you can't replace
When you love someone but it goes to waste
Could it be worse?
Coldplay
Textures from: skeletalmess and boccacino
The Queen Victoria Building, now affectionately known as the QVB, was designed by George McRae and completed in 1898, replacing the original Sydney markets on the site. Built as a monument to the long reigning monarch, construction took place in dire times, as Sydney was in a severe recession. The elaborate Romanesque architecture was specially planned for the grand building so the Government could employ many out-of-work craftsmen - stonemasons, plasterers, and stained window artists - in a worthwhile project. Originally, a concert hall, coffee shops, offices, showrooms, warehouses and a wide variety of tradespeople, such as tailors, mercers, hairdressers and florists, were accommodated.
Over many decades, change saw the concert hall become the city library, offices proliferate and more tenants move in, including piano tuners, palmists and clairvoyants. Drastic 'remodelling' occurred during the austere 1930s and the main occupant was the Sydney City Council. As recently as 1959 the Queen Victoria Building was threatened with demolition. As it stands now, in all its glory. It is testimony to the original vision for the building and the superb craftsmanship of the artisans who put it all back together again.
The QVB fills an entire city block bound by George, Market, York and Druitt Streets. The dominant feature is the mighty centre dome, consisting of an inner glass dome and an exterior copper- sheathed dome. Glorious stained glass windows and splendid architecture endure throughout the building and an original 19th century staircase sits alongside the dome. Every detail has been faithfully restored, including arches, pillars, balustrades and the intricate tiled floors thus maintaining the integrity of the building.
The visual message of Sydney's coat of arms, on the cartwheel stained glass window, is that the beehive depicts business, the sailing ship - trade, and the dolphins - the harbour. Panel 1, on the left hand side, represents the Council of the City of Sydney, and symbols of architecture, while the letters I.G.B. on panel 3, on the right, represent Ipoh Gardens Berhad, the Malaysian company who restored the QVB.
The symbols are of property developers - the builders. The bottom central panel represents the heraldic symbol of a finished building and the joining of two hands denotes the fusing of two cultures. There are many interesting and charming exhibitions and attractions throughout the building, along with portraits of the Queen. There is also a letter from Queen Elizabeth II to the Citizens of Sydney to be opened and read by the Lord Mayor of Sydney in the year 2085. Outside the QVB, on Town Hall Place, facing The Town Hall are the Royal Wishing Well and Queen Victoria's statue.
From: www.qvb.com.au/About-QVB
Replacing an earlier scanned photo with a better version 14-Aug-22 (DeNoise AI).
First flown with the Boeing test registration N1786B, this aircraft was delivered to Alaska Airlines as N614AS in Dec-99. It was fitted with blended winglets in Nov-06.
Now 22.5 years old, it continues in service. Current, updated 14-Aug-22.
Replaced the Victor L. Schlaeger in 2011 and was the first new fireboat for the city in sixty years.
2014.07.25-19.18.49
Replacing an earlier scanned photo with a better version, plus Topaz DeNoise AI 16-Jan-25.
Fleet No: "107".
Completed in Mar-79, this aircraft was built as a DC-10-30CF with a main deck cargo door and could be used for either passengers or freight. It was delivered to World Airways as N107WA in May-79.
As well as operating it's own charter flights and US Government contracts, World Airways was a major ACMI (Aircraft, Crew, Maintenance & Insurance) lessor operating for other airlines.
The aircraft was sold to Mitsui Finance in Mar-87 and leased back to World. They bought it back in Dec-89, then sold it again, this time to DPF Airleases in Jan-91 and leased it back.
It was used on Haj Pilgrimage flights for Malaysia Airlines between Sep/Oct-81, Jul/Sep-85, Jul/Sep-86 and Jun/Aug-89. World also operated Haj Pilgrimage flights for Garuda Indonesia Airlines between Jul/Sep-90 and Jun/Aug-91.
Between Jun/Aug-92 World operated a Haj Pilgrimage for Malaysia Airlines again and then for Garuda again between Apr/Jul-93. It operated for Malaysia Airways again between Apr/Jun-94. It was wet-leased to Malaysia Airways again in Apr-95.
I'm not sure but that may have been a lease to MASkargo as a freighter, it returned to World Airways in Apr-96. The aircraft was permanently retired at Dothan, AL, USA in Jan-03 and was eventually broken up there in mid 2006.
This structure replaced the county's previous courthouse in 1964. It was designed in common 1960s style by the firm of Kiene and Bradley.
replaces the old top crawford bivvy, is apparantly the rebuilt, relocated (mid) top crawford hut. Couldn't see much sign of the old hut!
Replacing an earlier scanned photo with a better version, plus Topaz DeNoise AI 24-Jan-24.
Named: "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe".
First flown with the Airbus test registration D-AVYX, this aircraft was delivered to Eurowings as D-AKNG in Feb-97. It was sold to a lessor on delivery abd leased back to Eurowings.
It was transferred to Germanwings in Oct-02. The aircraft was transferred to Lufthansa in Nov-08 and repainted in full Lufthansa livery with Lufthansa Italia titles. It was due to be operated by Air Dolomiti re-registered I-LHKB.
However, the operation by Air Dolomiti was cancelled and it was operated by Lufthansa, still as D-AKNG, starting in Jan-09. Lufthansa Italia wasn't a success and the aircraft was returned to Lufthansa in Nov-11 when it was stored at Sofia, Bulgaria. It returned to service in May-12.
In May-13 the aircraft was transferred to Germanwings in full Germanwings livery. It had gone 'the full circle' when it was transferred back to Eurowings in Oct-17. The aircraft was permanently retired at Sofia, Bulgaria in Dec-19.
nrhp # 83003785- Site of the first racetrack in Richmond, the cemetery was chartered in 1848 to replace an earlier one across Main Street. The property was first owned by Col. Humphrey Jones; a subsequent owner, Joel Walker, sold the original 18 acres to the Richmond Cemetery Company. At the insistence of Col. William Rodes, the first president of the cemetery board, a landscape gardener was employed for design and upkeep. (See MASE-24) As a result, the front section exemplifies mid-nineteenth-century cemetery design, features romantic and picturesque landscaping with hemlocks and other evergreens lining the curvilinear lanes. The first internment in the cemetery was that of Mrs. Daniel Breck. (See MAR-68)
In 1862 some of the Civil War Battle of Richmond was fought on these grounds, with many Union and Confederate soldiers killed and buried here. Their remains were removed to Camp Nelson National Cemetery in Jessamine County in 1868, and a commemorative marker now stands on the burial sites.
The present Main street entrance to the cemetery was laid out in 1897 by Dr. Lewis G. Barbour, a professor at Central University. It is not certain whether the stone gateposts and double iron gates were erected then or in 1908 when the iron fence that lies along Main Street was moved from Madison County Courthouse square (MAR-65) and installed at the cemetery. Prior to 1897 the main entrance is reported to have been just west of the keeper’s house where the small pedestrian gate is now located. In 1953 an iron fence and gates were removed from the property of the Hume/McCreary House (MANW-5) on Main Street and placed on the Summit Street side of the cemetery.
A stone and bermed receiving vault built in 1900 still lies next to the curved lane near the entrance, although it is no longer used.
from placeography.org
Warangal Fort, in the present-day Indian state of Telangana, appears to have existed since at least the 13th century CE. Although precise dating of its construction and subsequent enhancements are uncertain, historians and archaeologists generally accept that an earlier brick-walled structure was replaced with stone by Ganapatideva, who died in 1262, and that his successors – Rudramadevi and Prataparudra II – added to its height and added gateways, square bastions and additional circular earthern walls prior to the latter's death in 1323. This places the construction towards the end of the Kakatiya period. There were later modifications between the 15th and 17th centuries, comprising principally the addition of barbicans to the four gates in the stone wall and the creation of gates in the outer earthern wall.
Remnants of the structure can be seen today near to the town of Warangal, which was the Kakatiya capital. The Archaeological Survey of India has listed the remains as a Monument of National Importance.
_____________________________
The 12th and the 13th centuries saw the emergence of the Kakatiyas. They were at first the feudatories of the Western Chalukyas of Kalyana, ruling over a small territory near Warangal. A ruler of this dynasty, Prola II, who ruled from A.D.1110 to 1158, extended his sway to the south and declared his independence. His successor Rudra (A.D.1158--1195) pushed the kingdom to the north up to the Godavari delta. He built a fort at Warangal to serve as a second capital and faced the invasions of the Yadavas of Devagiri. The next ruler Mahadeva extended the kingdom to the coastal area. In A.D.1199, Ganapati succeeded him. He was the greatest of the Kakatiyas and the first after the Satavahanas to bring the entire Telugu area under one rule. He put an end to the rule of the Velanati Cholas in A.D.1210. He forced the Telugu Cholas of Vikramasimhapura to accept his suzerainty. He established order in his vast dominion and encouraged trade.
As Ganapati Deva had no sons, his daughter Rudramba succeeded him in A.D.1262 and carried on the administration. Some generals, who did not like to be ruled by her, rebelled. She could, however, suppress the internal rebellions and external invasions with the help of loyal subordinates. The Cholas and the Yadavas suffered such set backs at her hands that they did not think of troubling her for the rest of her rule.
Prataparudra succeeded his grandmother Rudramba in A.D.1295 and ruled till A.D.1323. He pushed the western border of his kingdom up to Raichur. He introduced many administrative reforms. He divided the kingdom into 75 Nayakships, which was later adopted and developed by the Rayas of Vijayanagara. In his time the territory constituting Andhra Pradesh had the first experience of a Muslim invasion. In A.D.1303, the Delhi Sultan Ala-ud-din Khilji sent an army to plunder the kingdom. But Prataparudra defeated them at Upparapalli in Karimnagar district. In A.D. 1310, when another army under Malik Kafur invaded Warangal, Prataparudra yielded and agreed to pay a large tribute. In A.D.1318, when Ala-ud-din Khilji died, Prataparudra withheld the tribute. It provoked another invasion of the Muslims. In A.D.1321, Ghiaz-ud-din Tughlaq sent a large army under Ulugh Khan to conquer the Telugu country then called Tilling. He laid siege to Warangal, but owing to internal dissensions he called off the siege and returned to Delhi. Within a short period, he came back with a much bigger army. In spite of unpreparedness, Prataparudra fought bravely. For want of supplies, he surrendered to the enemy who sent him to Delhi as a prisoner, and he died on the way. Thus ended the Kakatiya rule, opening the gates of the Telugu land to anarchy and confusion yielding place to an alien ruler.
The Kakatiya period was rightly called the brightest period of the Telugu history. The entire Telugu speaking area was under the kings who spoke Telugu and encouraged Telugu. They established order throughout the strife torn land and the forts built by them played a dominant role in the defence of the realm. Anumakonda and Gandikota among the `giridurgas', Kandur and Narayanavanam among the `vanadurgas', Divi and Kolanu among the `jaladurgas', and Warangal and Dharanikota among the `sthaladurgas' were reckoned as the most famous strongholds in the Kakatiya period. The administration of the kingdom was organized with accent on the military.
Though Saivism continued to be the religion of the masses, intellectuals favoured revival of Vedic rituals. They sought to reconcile the Vaishnavites and the Saivites through the worship of Harihara. Arts and literature found patrons in the Kakatiyas and their feudatories.
WIKIPEDIA & WIKIMAPIA
The latest of Ettington's three churches, Holy Trinity was built in 1902-3 by C. Ford Whitcomb, replacing the crumbling St Thomas's up the road (a humble Georgian building of which only the squat tower remains, recently converted into part of a new house and now looking completely renewed externally).
This church is an attractive essay in Arts & Crafts gothic with rich golden brown stonework and an imposing north east tower (with a curious lead box on the roof that looks like it wanted to grow into a spire at some point).
The church contains some figure brasses (now wall mounted) and minor tablets from the preceeding church but is otherwise the furnishings are contemporary with the building, and the interior with it's fine timber roof is quite imposing. But pride of place goes to the stained glass in the east window, which is the work of the great Christopher Whall, representing the Good Shepherd flanked by the Ram in the Thicket and a flock of sheep in a peaceful pastoral scene.
The church is sadly normally kept locked without keyholder information, but the parishoners are friendly and hope to open it up more regularly at some point.
For more detail see this church's entry on the new Warwickshire Churches website:-
warwickshirechurches.weebly.com/ettington---holy-trinity....
1. In first grade I was very introverted. In fact, I was nearly held back in Kindergarten for social reasons.
2. In second grade my math homework was rarely finished and when it was, it was terribly messy. My teacher knew I could do it. She figured I was bored, so she gave me a fourth grade math book that I could work in, but only if my regular work was complete and neat.
3. In third grade my teacher left the profession at Christmas to have a baby. She was replaced by a student-teacher we had in the first half of the year.
4. In fourth grade I began to get over my fear of weather and began to love weather thanks to a unit studying the subject.
5. In fifth grade I becan to play the trumpet, which I still play today (29 years later).
6. In sixth grade my teacher was in the first year of her career. She is the only teacher of mine still in the profession.
7. In seventh grade I first had my mom as a teacher. She tought seventh and eighth grade geography. She was the best and toughest teacher I ever had.
8. In eighth grade I had considerably conquered my introvertedness. I participated in the state solo and ensemble contest taking 3 firsts (solo trumpet, solo voice, voice sextet) and 1 second (trumpet duet).
9. In ninth grade I was the only freshman in the school's concert choir.
10. In tenth grade I marched on the field of Northwestern University during halftime of the Class 5A state football game, which we lost.
11. In eleventh grade I played Teen Angel in Grease. Obviously, I was the comic relief.
12. In twelfth grade I played Linus Van Pelt in You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown. To this day, it is the greatest time I have had on stage.
13. In my freshman year of college I was a member of the Eastern Illinois University Panther Marching Band, which marched at Soldier Field in Chicago during the halftime of a Bears game.
I think the CTA replaced some cars since the last time I was riding it. This was my first time seeing the new ones. I took an opportunity on the way north to Howard when I was the only person on the car to get a shot of the interior.
This might be the picture that a CTA employee talked to me about having taken, telling me that I could "go to jail for terrorism" for taking photographs. We had a discussion about it and I disagreed. "Don't say I didn't warn you," he commented, as he left.
I'm going to dig into getting an official statement of policy from them.
A poor substitute for the Class 442's they replaced, the Class 444's nevertheless provide the most luxurious accommodation on the South Western network. Portsmouth line services operate both via Haslemere and Eastleigh and trains interwork both routes.
444027 (left) had arrived as the rear of a 10 car train as 1T49 1609 ex London Waterloo via Eastleigh. The whole 10 car train will shortly return to Waterloo as 1P66 1845 ex Portsmouth Harbour via Haslemere.
444034 (right) has also arrived as the rear of a 10 car train with 1P53 1700 ex Waterloo via Haslemere. However as the evening peak draws to a close will return to London as a single unit (5 car train) as 1T70 1859 to Waterloo via Eastleigh.
Paria River cutting near White House Road – too close for comfort.
White House Road provides the only vehicular access to the White House Campground and Trailhead, a popular area for recreationists to explore the Paria Canyon-Vermilion Cliffs Wilderness Area. GAOA funds will re-align the road and replace a low-water crossing with a box culvert. This work eliminates future reroutes by rebuilding the road to more stable conditions away from the Paria River’s edge and eliminates safety concerns at the low-water crossing, such as visitors becoming trapped due to flood conditions.
Green Roofing with Synthetic Turf and Natural Turf Profiles
AirField Systems AirDrain Synthetic Drainage Layer was chosen to replace a competitive product that had not performed up to the standards which were expected. This rooftop sports field needed to be flat and playable across the entire surface without buckles and separations of the under laying drainage layer. AirDrain's patented expansion and contraction joints allow for just that. A unified drainage system that drains and acts as a shock absorption layer.
Benefits of AirField in a green roofing system include:
AirDrain creates and helps maintain a constant GMAX for artificial turf (See below)
Thickness and resin consistency of AirDrain provides uniform shock absorbency
Shock absorption reduces the strain on joints and ligaments
AirDrain is only limited by the drainage capacity of the profile above it
Installation time measured in days instead of weeks
AirDrain can be reused when the artificial turf must be replaced
Water harvesting reclamation and reuse
Helps qualify for LEED and other green building credits
A smaller carbon and development footprint with reduced site disturbance
100% vertical drainage under the entire field surface
Minimizes water related injuries / Less infill migration due to superior drainage
AirDrain is a 100% recycled product
Less infill migration due to superior drainage
G MAX Information Existing Conditions for Testing
Turf - 2 1/2” Slit Film, in filled with 50% Green Rubber Infill and 50% Silica Sand.
The drainage/shock pad and turf underlying substrate consists of a concrete deck/rooftop, coated with a waterproof membrane and 10 ounce 100% recycled polyester go-textile filter fabric.
The Standard Test Method for Shock-Absorbing Properties of Playing Surface Systems and Materials (ASTM F1936-98 American Football Field) testing locations and procedure were preformed. The tests were performed using a Triax 2000 A-1 Missile, tripod mounted G max registration unit(www.triax2000.com). This report presents background information on the test procedures, existing conditions, test results and observations in football, baseball, softball, soccer, lacrosse, and field hockey artificial sports fields.
The environmental impact of a green roof is undeniable, and adds significantly to the LEED Point system designed by the USGC in all five major areas: sustainable site development, water savings, energy efficiency, materials selection, and indoor environmental quality. Green roofing replaces the green space displaced by a building, prevents excess storm water drainage, reduces the temperature of a building and the urban heat island effect, protects and extends the useful life of a roof, and reduce energy demands. What's more, a green roof incorporating AirDrain means your design includes renewable, recycled, and locally obtained materials. We know you have a choice in designing a green roof, and we hope you consider the many benefits of AirDrain.
A typical AirDrain green roof installation design
What do you do when you need to replace trim on a 25+ year old car?
I was driving my recreational car last Tuesday. I had let it sit for too long and the battery was dead as a doornail. I charged the battery and decided to drive it to Jackson MS.
During my trip, a chrome trim flew off the back of the hood. I was on I220 and had to drive back to retrieve it. The trim had all the plastic clips broken and the trim was damaged when it hit the road.
I called the dealer and was told a new trim would cost $108.00 and it is no longer available. I called my friend at the salvage "Used Parts" place. I was told, "A Nissan What!!". Most cars in salvage yards are crushed after they reach 25 years old. I realized I might have to forget the trim for awhile.
Then I remembered seeing generic trim at the new parts store the other day. I thought maybe I can use it until I make or find a replacement for the original trim.
The generic trim is flexible with adhesive backing. I had to get the trim that was just as wide as the original. I carefully placed the trim on the back of the hood. I could not tell much difference between the generic and the original.
The generic trim came in a roll that cost $15. I will have to see how well it holds up with age.
son working on his brother's truck again...and what part of "I don't do electric or carbs" did he not understand?? I ended up doing the wiring for the turn signal and really hope I did it correctly. First time for everything. Good news, the truck now has both brake lights.
Funny part...the blinkers still were not working. Stayed on but didn't blink. Hmmm...wonder if it could be a fuse or something (yes that was mentioned a couple of days ago. The wiring did need to be replaced but I told him it seemed like a 'fuse' problem or a relay). Hey guess what, found the manual and surprise! No flash relay at all LOL!! So now the truck has blinkers, brake lights, the turn signal switch stays in place (well sort of...), and all we gotta worry about is whether or not the wiring part stays put. o.O
Reminded me of how much I miss working on cars. At least he got it honestly :)
Universal Technical Institute is gonna have a great student with this guy. He makes me smile.
Oh and no shock, sparks, or fire...yay!
Their first three full-length albums are examples of the death/doom style, although the latter two incorporated some melodic and gothic elements. However, with the release of the albums Icon (1993) and Draconian Times (1995), Paradise Lost also became known as pioneers of the gothic metal subgenre. In accordance with the change in musical approach, vocalist Nick Holmes changed his singing style. He used a death grunt on the band's first three albums, but on Icon refined his voice to have a cleaner tone. Later (circa 1997), the band began experimenting with electronic styles but after four albums reverted again to gothic metal.
Their line-up has remained stable for such a long-standing heavy metal band, consisting of singer Nick Holmes, guitarists Greg Mackintosh and Aaron Aedy, and bassist Steve Edmondson. Holmes and Mackintosh are the principal composers, with almost all of the band's songs credited to them. During the years, the band has only changed drummers, with original member Matthew Archer replaced in 1994 by ex-Marshall Law drummer Lee Morris In March 2004, Morris left the band. Jeff Singer took Morris' place and has played on all subsequent releases, though he was not listed as a permanent band member until the release of the single "The Enemy" in 2007. In a recent video interview, Mackintosh and Holmes revealed that Singer had already auditioned for the band when Archer left, but they chose Morris instead because "[Singer] had a pink drumkit"