+++ DISCLAIMER +++

Nothing you see here is real, even though the conversion or the presented background story might be based on historical facts. BEWARE!

Some background:

The Fokker D.VII was a German World War I fighter aircraft designed by Reinhold Platz of the Fokker-Flugzeugwerke. Late in 1917, Fokker built the experimental V 11 biplane, fitted with the standard Mercedes D.IIIa engine. In January 1918, IdFlieg held a fighter competition at Adlershof, and for the first time, front line pilots participated in the evaluation and selection of new fighters. Fokker submitted the V 11 along with several other prototypes. Manfred von Richthofen flew the V 11 and found it tricky, unpleasant and directionally unstable in a dive. On short notice, Platz reacted and lengthened the rear fuselage by one structural bay and added a triangular fin in front of the rudder. Richthofen tested the modified V 11 and praised it as the best aircraft of the competition. It offered excellent performance from the outdated Mercedes engine, yet was safe and easy to fly. Richthofen's recommendation virtually decided the competition but he was not alone in recommending it. Fokker immediately received a provisional order for 400 production aircraft, which were named D.VII by IdFlieg.

After the war, the Allies confiscated large numbers of D.VII aircraft after the Armistice. The United States Army and Navy evaluated no less than 142 captured examples and used them in what would today be called “aggressor” units for dissimilar air combat in training and for the development of indigenous military aircraft. Several of these aircraft were re-engined with American-built Liberty L-6 motors, which were very similar in appearance to the D.VII's original German power plants and hard to tell apart. France, Great Britain and Canada also received numbers of war prizes, but these aircraft did not enter active service. Other countries used the D.VII operationally, though: the Polish deployed approximately 50 aircraft during the Polish-Soviet War, using them mainly for ground attack missions; the Hungarian Soviet Republic used a number of D.VIIs, both built by MAG and ex-German aircraft in the Hungarian-Romanian War of 1919; the Dutch, Swiss, and Belgian air forces also operated the D.VII. The aircraft proved still so popular that Fokker completed and sold a large number of D.VII airframes that he had smuggled into the Netherlands after the Armistice. As late as 1929, the Alfred Comte company manufactured eight new D.VII airframes under license for the Swiss Fliegertruppe.

General characteristics:

Crew: 1

Length: 6.95 m (22 ft 10 in)

Wingspan: 8.9 m (29 ft 2 in)

Height: 2.75 m (9 ft 0 in)

Wing area: 20.5 m² (221 sq ft)

Empty weight: 670 kg (1,477 lb)

Gross weight: 906 kg (1,997 lb)

Powerplant:

1 × 137.95 kW (185 hp) BMW IIIa 6-cyl. water-cooled in-line piston engine with a 180 kW (240 hp)

emergency only rating at low level, driving a wooden 2-bladed fixed-pitch propeller

Performance:

Maximum speed: 189 km/h (117 mph, 102 kn) at normal power

200 km/h (124 mph; 108 kn) at emergency power

Range: 266 km (165 mi, 144 nmi)

Service ceiling: 6,000 m (20,000 ft)

Rate of climb: up to 9.52 metres per second (1,874 ft/min) at emergency rating

Time to altitude:

1,000 m (3,281 ft) in 1 minutes 40 seconds

2,000 m (6,562 ft) in 4 minutes 5 seconds

3,000 m (9,843 ft) in 13 minutes 49 seconds

4,000 m (13,123 ft) in 10 minutes 15 seconds

5,000 m (16,404 ft) 14 minutes 0 seconds

6,000 m (19,685 ft) 18 minutes 45 seconds

Armament:

2× synchronized 7.92 mm (0.312 in) LMG 08/15 "Spandau" machine guns,

firing through the propeller disc

The kit and its assembly:

My fifth submission for the “Captured” group build at whatifmodellers.com, and a very simple one, since the kit was built OOB. Inspiration came from a profile of a captured Albatros D.III in USAAC markings, unfortunately without further explanation. However, the aircraft sported a garish paint scheme, including bright green and even pink, so that I assumed that it would be not only WWI booty, but also in some operational use, since the paint scheme/camouflage did not look like a German pattern, but rather like an American design, similar to the aircraft operated by the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in continental Europe, just with bright colors.

When I checked options for a different aircraft to apply this idea to, I came across the common Fokker D.VII and the fact that a lot of these aircraft had been captured and tested/flown by the USAAC – and then the weird scheme started to make sense, and this what-if model was born.

The D.VII kit is the ESCI offering, which was released in 1983 but is actually a mold from 1968. I thought I gave it a chance, instead of the Revell kit, which dates back to 1963 and is rumored to be not a pleasant build. The bet and newest one in 1:72 is probably the Eduard kit, which also has the benefit of offering optional parts for various production versions.

As a small biplane model, the ESCI kit is a simple, straightforward affair, and no major conversions were made, I just added a pilot figure, because the ESCI kit lacks one as well as any interior detail except for a kind of tub that it molded into the fuselage halves. IIRC, the figure I used comes from a Revell biplane, and I had to chop the legs off to make it fit into the D.VII’s tight cockpit. However, this solution had the benefit that I did not have to worry about any interior details.

Another weak point of the ESCI kit is that it lacks some finer details like the boarding ladder or handles at the tail. These were scratched with thin wire. Overall fit is also not the best – PSR on the fuselage halves, and on some visible ejection markers (e.g. under the single-part wings) and sinkholes. Esp. the integral cockpit tub with its rather massive walls left visible dents in the flanks that had to be filled! On the other side, the fabric structure on the wings and the fuselage is nicely reproduced, and the cowling is apparently from a late production D.VII with additional/bigger air scoops, so I decided that my model would also be one of the final machines with the uprated BMW engine.

A problem that cannot be blamed on the mold but rather the specific 2nd hand kit I bought is that the stabilizer was missing – it had probably detached from the sprue long ago, and slipped through the box lid, gone and eaten by some carpet monster… ☹ I had to improvise and decided to cut a replacement stabilizer from 1mm styrene sheet. I used the painting instructions (which are almost 1:72 scale) as benchmark and tailored a piece of sheet into shape, sanding away the edges for some light curvature and also added some shallow grooves to mimic the rib structure. Not perfect, but I also did not want to spend too much time on this. As a bonus, though, I added the (tiny) rudder levers of the tail surfaces and the ailerons, which originally are also not part of the ESCI mold. These were later, after painting, outfitted with wires during the final rigging process with heated sprue material – thankfully the D.VII does not require too many strings, just some wires between the landing gear struts and on the tail.

Painting and markings:

The funnier part, with many, really bright colors united in a tiny space – almost like an anime movie prop! I stuck to the original Albatros benchmark and applied scheme, colors and markings truthfully to the D.VII. Paints/tones became, as a guesstimate, Humbrol 155 (Olive Drab), 7 (Light Buff), 47 (Sea Blue) and a mix of 200 (Pink) with a little 68 (Purple), maybe at a 5:1 ratio, for a deeper tone. The contrast between the colors is pretty strong and aircraft looks very individual!

The wing struts were painted in black, the interior in a light olive drab tone. The engine was painted with Revell 99 (Aluminum) and treated with grinded graphite for a more metallic look, and the propeller was painted with a streaky wet-in-wet mix of Humbrol 71 and 113.

The roundels come from a Hobby Boss F4F, and since they have a rather odd style with a kind of dark blue border, they suit the model pretty well, because these roundels were introduced around 1920, so that deviations from the later, “classic” look appear plausible. The tactical code comes from an RAF Gloster Gladiator and the BuNo on the fin were created from a post-war Spitfire code.

A light black ink washing was applied, and some light post-shading was done, in order to emphasize edges and the boxy form of the aircraft with its fabric-covered surfaces. After the decals had been applied, I also added an overall light dry-brushing with khaki drill (Humbrol 72) and light grey (Revell 75). Finally, the model was sealed with matt acrylic varnish (Italeri), final bits were assembled and the rigging was added.

A simple build, but a very colorful one – hard to believe that there were aircraft in real life that actually looked this way! But the small D.VII now really stands out among “seriously” camouflaged biplanes in my collection, a very picturesque model. BTW, I am also surprised how effective the camouflage is, at least in the air - despite the garish colors!

First Hotel Adlon

In the late 19th century, European hotels, which generally offered no more than overnight accommodation, evolved to become social gathering places which could host large receptions given by nobility and the wealthy. Modeled on American hotels such as the Waldorf Astoria, new hotel buildings arose all over the continent with lavishly decorated ballrooms, dining halls, arcades, smoking lounges, libraries, and coffeehouses. In 1873 the Hotel Imperial opened in Vienna, followed by the Hôtel Ritz Paris in 1898, and the London Ritz in 1906. In Berlin, the capital of the German Empire, Wilhelmine high society was eager to keep up with their rival metropolitan cities.

In 1905 Lorenz Adlon, a successful wine merchant and restaurateur originally from Mainz, purchased two properties on Unter den Linden. Adlon ran several coffeehouses in Berlin, among others in the Berlin Zoological Garden, and had raised capital to build a hotel on Pariser Platz, at the heart of the German capital. He convinced Kaiser Wilhelm II that Berlin needed a luxury hotel at the level of those in Paris, London and the other European capitals, and so the Kaiser personally interceded with the owners of the Palais Redern, a Neo-Renaissance landmark designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel in 1830, which sat at Adlon's chosen location. The Kaiser cleared the way for Adlon's purchase of the Palais and for the subsequent demolition of the historic building.

Designed by Carl Gause and Robert Leibnitz, the hotel was built at a cost of 20 Million Gold Marks, 2 Million of which were the majority of Adlon's personal fortune. Behind a rather sober façade, the hotel was the most modern in Germany with hot and cold running water, an on-site laundry, as well as its own power plant to generate electricity. It boasted a huge lobby with enormous square marble columns, a restaurant, a cafe, a palm court, a ladies' lounge, a library, a music room, a smoking room, a barber shop, a cigar shop, an interior garden with a Japanese-themed elephant fountain, and numerous grand ballrooms. The hotel was decorated in a mix of Neo-Baroque and Louis XVI styles and furnished by the Mainz company of Bembé, where Lorenz Adlon had been an apprentice carpenter in his youth. It was located in the heart of the government quarter next to the British Embassy on Wilhelmstraße, facing the French and American Embassies on Pariser Platz and only blocks from the Reich Chancellery and other government ministries further south on Wilhelmstraße.

The Adlon opened on October 23, 1907 with the Kaiser, his wife, and many other notables in attendance. It quickly became the social center of Berlin. As the rooms in the Stadtschloss were cold and drafty, the Kaiser paid an annual retainer to keep suites available for his guests.[1] Likewise the Foreign Office used the Adlon for accommodation during state visits, with guests including Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and Maharaja Bhupinder Singh of Patiala. Notable guests of the early years included industrialists such as Thomas Edison, Henry Ford, and John D. Rockefeller, as well as politicians like Walter Rathenau, Gustav Stresemann and the French prime minister Aristide Briand. Many wealthy Berliners lived for extended periods of time in the hotel, while its ballrooms hosted official government functions and society events.

After World War I and the abdication of the Kaiser, Lorenz Adlon remained a staunch monarchist and never imagined normal traffic would pass through the Brandenburg Gate's central archway, which had been reserved for the Kaiser alone. He therefore never looked before crossing in front of it. Tragically, this resulted in Adlon being hit by a car in 1918 at that spot. Three years later, on April 7, 1921, he was again hit by a car at exactly the same spot, this time fatally. Lorenz's son Louis Adlon took over management of the hotel with his wife Hedda, who was German-born but had been raised in America. During the "Golden Twenties", the Adlon remained one of the most famous hotels in Europe, hosting celebrity guests including Louise Brooks, Charlie Chaplin, Mary Pickford, Emil Jannings, Albert Einstein, Enrico Caruso, Thomas Mann, Josephine Baker, and Marlene Dietrich, and also international politicians such as Franklin Roosevelt, Paul von Hindenburg, and Herbert Hoover. The hotel was a favorite hangout of international journalists, including William L. Shirer, who mentions it frequently in his writings. The hotel's lobby and public rooms were also popular with foreign diplomats.[2]

The hotel remained a social center of the city throughout the Nazi period, though the Nazis themselves preferred the Hotel Kaiserhof a few blocks south and directly across from the Propaganda Ministry and Hitler's Chancellery on Wilhelmplatz. The Adlon continued to operate normally throughout World War II, even constructing a luxurious bomb shelter for its guests and a huge brick wall around the lobby level to protect the function rooms from flying debris. Parts of the hotel were converted to a military field hospital during the final days of the Battle of Berlin. The hotel survived the war without any major damage, having avoided the bombs and shelling that had leveled the city. On the night of May 2, 1945 a fire, started in the hotel's wine cellar by drunken Red Army soldiers, left the main building in ruins.[3]

Louis Adlon himself was arrested in his home near Potsdam by Soviet troops on April 25 after they mistook him for a general due to his title of "Generaldirektor". He died on a street in Falkensee on May 7, 1945, of cardiac insufficiency according to the death certificate.[4]

East German Hotel Adlon

Following the war, the East German government reopened the building's surviving rear service wing under the Hotel Adlon name. The ruined main building was demolished in 1952, along with all of the other buildings on Pariser Platz. The square was left as an abandoned, grassed-over buffer with the West, with the Brandenburg Gate sitting alone by the Berlin Wall.

In 1964, the remaining part of the building was renovated and the facade was rebuilt. In the 1970s what remained of the original Hotel Adlon closed to guests and was converted to serve mainly as a lodging house for East German apprentices. Finally, on March 10, 1984, the building was demolished.

Second Hotel Adlon Kempinski

With the reunification of Germany, the site was bought by a West German investment firm and a new hotel was built between 1995 and 1997. The building, only very loosely inspired by the original, was designed by Rainer Michael Klotz of Patzschke Klotz & Partners, and on August 23, 1997 German President Roman Herzog opened the new Hotel Adlon. The hotel occupies the site of the original building, along with additional adjacent land. It currently operates as Hotel Adlon Kempinski Berlin, part of the Kempinski chain. Due to the hotel's success, it was expanded twice with new wings at the rear on Behrenstrasse, designed by architect Günter Behnisch.[5][6] The first wing, known as the Adlon Palais, opened in 2003,[7] while the second, known as the Adlon Residenz, opened in 2004.[8]

I revisited this magnificent nature reserve today 10th August 2018, many visitors to our city miss its glorious offerings, thinking all we have to offer is the beach front at the main boulevard , its a pity as this reserve is a short drive from the main tourist area and has its own charm, attraction and wealth of nature on offer, I love it .

Donmouth Local Nature Reserve is a beach site in the historic Old Aberdeen part of the City where the River Don meets the sea.

A great place to see seals and a range of interesting birds. The beach area has changed over time as the river has changed its course. There are lots of interesting plants in the dunes and beach area. Bird hide is an excellent shelter from which to watch the wildlife. The paths run across King Street to the Brig 'o Balgownie., the original bridge in to the City from the North, then down the other side of the river to the sea.

The site was designated a Local Nature Reserve in 1992

Paths are good although wheelchair access to the beach would be difficult as the boardwalk can get covered with sand.

There is plenty of free car parking on the Beach Esplanade and at the car park in Donmouth Road. There are cycle racks on Beach Esplanade

Bridge Of Don has five spans of dressed granite, and rounded cutwaters that carry up to road level to form pedestrian refuges. The spans are 75 feet (23 m), with a rise of 25 feet (7.6 m).

It was widened in 1958-59, from 24 feet (7.3 m), to 66 feet (20 m) by the construction of a new concrete bridge adjacent to the old one.

It now carries four lanes of the A956 road, and is the last bridge on the River Don before it meets the sea. The bridge is just downstream from a substantial island in the river. Around the area of the bridge is the Donmouth Local Nature Reserve, designated as a LNR in 1992.

Near to the bridge are a number of World War II era coastal defences, including a pill box.

Mudflats

Mudflats are formed when fine particles carried downstream by the river are deposited as it slows down before entering the sea, and to a lesser extent by fine particles washed in by the tide. The sand spit at the mouth of the Don provides shelter from the wind and waves allowing this material to build up. The mud flats are a very rich and fertile environment. Despite their rather barren appearance they support a surprisingly diverse invertebrate fauna which includes; worms, molluscs and crustacea. These invertebrates are vitally important to wildfowl and wading birds within the estuary.

Salt marsh

Along the upper shore of the south bank saltmarsh has developed. This habitat would once have been much more extensive prior to the tipping of domestic and other refuse in the area and the formation in 1727 of an artificial embankment to prevent flooding of the river into the Links. This habitat is now reduced to a narrow strip of vegetation along the river margins upstream from the Powis Burn.

The species composition of the salt marsh varies according to the salinity of the water i.e. the proximity to the sea. Close to the Powis Burn this habitat is dominated by reed sweet-grass (Glyceria maxima) with reed canary-grass (Phalaris arundinacea), sea club-rush (Scirpus maritimus), spike-rush (Eleocharis palustris), hemlock water-dropwort (Oenanthe crocata) and common scurvygrass (Chochlearia officinalis).

Further inland reed sweet-grass continues to dominate but hemlock water-dropwort is more abundant with meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) and valarian (Valariana officinalis),

Sand dunes

Sand dunes are found in the more exposed parts of the estuary at the river mouth. Again, this habitat was once much more extensive in this locality with dune grasslands stretching from Aberdeen Beach inland as far as King Street, southwards from the estuary of the Dee, northwards to the Sands of Forvie and beyond. Many of the dunes formed part of Seaton Tip, and following tipping the area was grassed over. Other areas have been formally landscaped to form golf courses or planted with native trees in 2010 to create a new woodland area.

Some remnants of the natural dune flora can be seen in the 'roughs' on the Kings Links golf course and near the mouth of the river.

Above the high water mark, fore dunes with thick clumps of the pioneer grass species including sea lyme grass (Elymus arenarius) and marram grass (Ammophila arenaria) occur. Few other species are able to cope with the shifting sand. The largest area of these young dunes is to the north and west of the headland. Further inland where the dunes are sheltered from the actions of the wind and waves, and soils are more developed, more stable dunes are present supporting a more diverse grassland habitat.

Strand line plants which are able to tolerate occasional coverage by sea water include sea rocket (Cakile maritima), frosted orache (Atriplex laciniata), sea sandwort (Honkenya peploides) and knotgrass (Polygonum aviculare). Bur-reed (Sparganium sp.) has been recorded; presumably washed down by the river.

Marram grass (Ammophila arenaria) and sea lyme grass (Elymus arenarius) dominate the fore dunes. The latter species is not native to this area but appeared in 1802. It is thought to have been unintentionally introduced into the area by fishing boats. For a number of years it remained uncommon but from 1870 onwards it spread rapidly along the coastline (Marren, 1982).

In the more stable dunes red fescue (Festuca rubra), sand sedge (Carex arenaria), yellow rattle (Rhinanthus minor), wild pansy (Viola tricolour), harebell (Campanula rotundifolia), bird's-foot-trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) and lesser meadow-rue (Thalictrum minus) are abundant. Small amounts of kidney vetch (Anthyllis vulneraria), valerian (Valeriana officinalis) and spring vetch (Vicia lathyroides) are present.

Scattered willows (Salix sp.) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplantanus) have seeded into this area. Gorse (Ulex europaeus) scrub has colonised the dunes in some areas and appears to be spreading.

Scrub

This habitat is almost entirely artificial with only the gorse scrub on the inner dunes being a semi-natural habitat. Alder and willow were planted along the south bank of the river in about 1970 and these shrubs are now generally well established. Further shrub planting on the south bank was carried out in 1990.

Willow (Salix sp.) and alder (Alnus glutinosa) were planted in the 1970's along the south bank of the River Don eastwards of the Bridge of Don. The trees to the west of this strip are doing considerably better than those to the east. More recent planting was carried out in 1990 with hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) elder (Sambucus nigra), goat willow (Salix caprea) and alder.

Underneath the scrub neutral grassland is present with cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata), false oat-grass (Arrhenatherum elatius), cow parsley (Anthriscus sylvestris), sweet cicely (Myrrhis odorata), hedge woundwort (Stachys sylvatica) and hedge bindweed (Calystegia sepium).

Grassland

Much of the grassland within the reserve is formed on imported soil and is intensively managed. This includes grassland on the north and south sides of the Esplanade. Daffodils are present in the grassland on the north side of the road. On the north bank to the east of the Bridge of Don is rank grassland on a steep south-facing slope. This is unmanaged and contains some patches of scrub.

Rough grassland is present on the headland. This area has been modified by tipping, with rubble to the east and with grass cuttings to the west. The grassland contains a mixture of neutral grassland, dune grassland, ruderal, and introduced garden species. This area attracts flocks of seed eating birds in late summer and autumn.

Improved grassland is present on the headland and along the south bank of the estuary downstream from the bridge of Don. Much of this vegetation has developed on imported soil and contains a high proportion of ruderal species and garden escapes. On the headland, broadleaved dock (Rumex obtusifolius), nettle (Urtica dioica), coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara), spear thistle (Cirsium vulgare), cow parsley (Anthriscus sylvestris), hemlock (Conium maculatum) and hogweed (Heracleum sphondylium) are abundant. Sweet cicely (Chaerophyllum bulbosum) is widespread and in late summer fills the air with the scent of aniseed.

To the south of the Esplanade the grassland is managed with an annual cut.. The grassland does flood to form pools. Early in the year cuckoo flower (Cardamine pratensis) is common, meadow foxtail (Alopecuris pratensis)is known to occur around the margins of these pools.

Woodland

Semi-mature woodland is present on the steep sided south bank of the river upstream from the Bridge of Don. Most of this woodland has been planted in the mid 1930's though some older oak and elm trees are present. These may be relicts of former woodland cover. The woodland in the reserve is part of a strip of woodland along the River Don corridor which continues upstream from the Brig 'o' Balgownie.

Woodland is present on the south bank upstream from the Bridge of Don.

Much of the woodland consists of even aged stands with willow (Salix sp.), sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus), ash (Fraxinus excelsior), beech (Fagus sylvatica) and alder (AInus glutinosa). At the top of the slope mature oak (Quercus sp.) and elm (Ulmus glabra) are present. The ground flora contains tufted hair-grass (Deschampsia caespitosa), red campion (Silene dioica), ramsons (Allium ursinum) and lady fern (Athyrium felix-femina) .In a few areas dense shading is caused by the trees and in these areas the ground flora is poor.

On the north bank scattered trees are present, mainly willow and sycamore with some scrub.

Darkness and peace activists

Speaking of: original. The battle for the trademark "Sachertorte" employed the courts of the Republic of Austria until 1963. Finally, the Wider-Sacher (sacher antagonists) agreed out of court on this settlement: Only the Hotel Sacher may use the name "Original Sacher-Torte", the Viennese confectionery Demel must offer their product as "Eduard Sacher-Torte".

Anna Sacher has not experienced the darkest years of her hotel. When she died in 1930, Austria had become the most popular tourist destination of the Germans. In 1933, the Nazi government stopped this trend with the so-called thousand mark barrier: every German citizen had to pay a fee of 1000 Reichsmark before traveling to Austria. The Austrian tourism industry suddenly lost 85 percent of its German guests, many businesses were ruined. In 1934, the Hotel Sacher filed for bankruptcy.

In 1938, Adolf Hitler proclaimed on the Heroes' Square in Vienna with a pathetically trembling voice "before history the entrance of my homeland into the German Reich". - More than 100,000 Austrians shouted: "Sieg Heil!". The swastika flag fluttered on the façade of the Hotel Sacher. From 1945 Vienna was controlled by the victorious powers similar to Berlin. Americans, Russians, British and French patrolled Vienna together, in doing so inspiring to the classic movie "The Four in the Jeep". However, the penicillin trafficker Harry Lime, depicted by Orson Welles, was staged in an artistically and commercially impressive manner.

No, "The Third Man" does not play in the Hotel Sacher. But English author Graham Greene stayed here while researching the film script in bombed Vienna. The British had lodged in the Sacher and ran a well-stocked bar there - gin, scotch, Irish whiskey - and a restaurant for the upper ranks.

During a joint lunch at the Sacher, a British secret service employee provided the novelist with the brilliant idea for a film backdrop. Ironically, in this atmosphere the location scout with Graham Greene aroused curiosity about the city's underground sewer system. Immediately after the meal, Greene and his informant visited this sewage underworld - ugh. But script fee does not stink.

20 years later, another Englishman immortalized himself with his peace-giving measure in the guest chronicle of the Hotel Sacher. In 1969, John Lennon and his newlywed wife Yoko Ono used the worldwide media interest in their bedroom activities to spread their message: "Give Peace A Chance!"

Ono-Lennon's bridal chamber was packed with journalists as John and Yoko - hidden under white cloth - chanted about the inability of the politicians, the secret wishes of the Queen and other world problems. Most of the attendees of this press conference in the Sacher Suite 312 did not or could not seriously question the meaning of the political happening. Only the former ORF reporter André Heller gave the impression that he could respect John and Yoko and understand their message: "peace".

With the supermarket bag to the Sacher

What the two peace apostles were doing there in the Sacher, the Beatles fans learned a few weeks later by the hit single "Ballad Of John And Yoko". For example, on their "Trip to Vienna", the honeymooners had eaten "chocolate cake in a bag". John and Yoko had crawled into a sack and ate a Sachertorte in it - maybe even today a recommended nightcap after a night of drinking.

It does not always have to be world peace. Also in the Sacher life is happening on a smaller scale. For example, it was enough for a Leonard Bernstein if he could immediately sit down at the piano and "compose" or rehearse on arrival "in his Viennese living room". The main thing, this schedule was meticulously met: In the morning, the movers brought his instrument - the composer of "West Side Story" never traveled without his own piano - in the amber room, then the piano tuner did his job, around noon, the maestro appeared.

Another habit: as a regular guest conductor of the Vienna Philharmonic, Leonard Bernstein booked the same suite on each of his visits to the world capital of music. The reason for this loyalty was revealed to the Sacher management only when Lenny missed his favorite picture on the wall during one of his hotel stays. No problem. Eduard Veit's painting "Black and Blonde" was immediately put back where it should be.

AC/DC, the Callas, Mireille Matthieu, Comedian Harmonists, Otto Waalkes, the BeeGees and Andi Borg - they all have stayed at the Sacher. But the most prominent permanent hotel guest was not a musician, but a professional music listener: Marcell Horace Frydman Knight of Prawy. Or just Marcel Prawy. Until his death in 2003, he was considered the Austrian "opera leader of the nation". His trademark was the plastic shopping bags of the supermarket chain "Billa", in which he dragged sheet music and notes around.

During the last ten years of Marcel Prawy's life, the hotel was the shortest walk to the back entrance of the Vienna State Opera as his permanent home address. This suggests the upscale lifestyle of a privileged, but it certainly leads to complications - especially when in Sacher once again descends a president, the entire hotel has been declared a high-security wing and opposite the uniformed sniper on the roof of the opera sit on lookout.

On the state visit of a ruler of the upper threat class Marcel Prawy was prevented by the police from entering his apartment. Protest futile. So he used the remedy that always works immediately in a foreign-friendly city like Vienna: Prawy explains in awkward English that he is an Arab sheikh and must necessarily visit his friend, the president - and he is waved by.

Luckily the Sacher regular had not claimed he was Marcel Prawy. The police would have taken him on suspicion that somebody was imitating his voice familiar to every ORF radio listener in order to get into the Hotel Sacher without authorization.

Finsternis und Friedensbewegte

Apropos: Original. Der Kampf um die Schutzmarke "Sachertorte" beschäftigte bis 1963 die Gerichte der Republik Österreich. Schließlich einigten sich die Wider-Sacher außergerichtlich auf diesen Vergleich: Nur das Hotel Sacher darf die Bezeichnung "Original Sacher-Torte" verwenden, die Wiener Konditorei Demel muss ihr Produkt als "Eduard Sacher-Torte" anbieten.

Anna Sacher hat die finstersten Jahre ihres Hotels nicht mehr erlebt. Als sie 1930 starb, hatte sich Österreich zum beliebtesten Reiseziel der Deutschen entwickelt. 1933 stoppte die Nazi-Regierung diesen Trend mit der so genannten Tausend-Mark-Sperre: Jeder deutsche Staatsbürger musste vor einer Reise nach Österreich eine Gebühr von 1000 Reichsmark zahlen. Die österreichische Tourismus-Branche verlor auf einen Schlag 85 Prozent ihrer deutschen Gäste, zahlreiche Betriebe wurden ruiniert. 1934 meldete auch das Hotel Sacher Konkurs an.

1938 verkündete Adolf Hitler auf dem Wiener Heldenplatz mit pathetisch zitternder Stimme "vor der Geschichte nunmehr den Eintritt meiner Heimat in das Deutsche Reich". - Mehr als 100.000 Österreicher schrien: "Sieg Heil!". An der Fassade des Hotel Sacher flatterte die Hakenkreuzfahne. Ab 1945 wurde Wien ähnlich wie Berlin von den Siegermächten kontrolliert. Amerikaner, Russen, Briten und Franzosen patrouillierten gemeinsam durch Wien und inspirierten damit zu dem Film-Klassiker "Die Vier im Jeep". Künstlerisch und kommerziell beeindruckender in Szene gesetzt wurde allerdings der Penicillin-Schwarzhändler Harry Lime, dargestellt von Orson Welles.

Nein, "Der dritte Mann" spielt nicht im Hotel Sacher. Doch der englische Autor Graham Greene logierte hier, als er für das Film-Drehbuch im zerbombten Wien recherchierte. Die Briten hatten sich im Sacher einquartiert und betrieben dort eine ordentlich sortierte Bar - Gin, Scotch, Irish Whiskey - und ein Restaurant für die gehobenen Dienstgrade.

Beim gemeinsamen Lunch im Sacher lieferte ein britischer Geheimdienst-Mitarbeiter dem Romancier die zündende Idee für eine Film-Kulisse. Ausgerechnet in dieser gepflegten Atmosphäre weckte der Location-Scout bei Graham Greene die Neugier auf das unterirdische Abwasserkanal-System der Stadt. Gleich nach dem Essen besichtigten Greene und sein Informant diese Kloaken-Unterwelt. - Igittigitt. Aber Drehbuch-Honorar stinkt nicht.

20 Jahre später verewigte sich ein weiterer Engländer mit seiner Frieden stiftenden Maßnahme in der Gästechronik des Hotel Sacher. John Lennon und seine frisch angetraute Ehefrau Yoko Ono nutzten 1969 das weltweite Medien-Interesse an ihren Schlafzimmer-Aktivitäten für die Verbreitung ihrer Botschaft: "Give Peace A Chance!"

Das Brautgemach der Eheleute Ono-Lennon war gerammelt voll mit Journalisten, als John und Yoko - versteckt unter weißem Leinen - über die Unfähigkeiten der Politiker, über die geheimen Wünsche der englischen Queen und über andere Weltprobleme schwadronierten. Die meisten Teilnehmer dieser Pressekonferenz in der Sacher-Suite 312 wollten oder konnten den Sinn des Polit-Happenings nicht ernsthaft hinterfragen. Einzig der damalige ORF-Reporter André Heller machte den Eindruck, als könne er John und Yoko respektieren und ihre Message verstehen: "Frieden".

Mit der Supermarkttüte ins Sacher

Was die zwei Friedensapostel da sonst noch im Sacher so trieben, erfuhren die Beatles-Fans ein paar Wochen später durch die Hit-Single "Ballad Of John And Yoko". Bei ihrem "Trip to Vienna" hatten die Hochzeitsreisenden zum Beispiel "chocolate cake in a bag" gegessen. John und Yoko waren also in einen Sack gekrochen und verspeisten darin eine Sachertorte - vielleicht heute noch ein empfehlenswerter Absacker nach einer durchzechten Nacht.

Es muss nicht immer gleich der Weltfrieden sein. Auch im Sacher geht es durchaus eine Nummer kleiner. Einem Leonard Bernstein genügte es zum Beispiel voll und ganz, wenn er sich bei der Ankunft "in seinem Wiener Wohnzimmer" sofort an das Klavier setzen und komponieren oder proben konnte. Hauptsache, dieser Zeitplan wurde penibel eingehalten: Morgens brachten die Möbelpacker sein Instrument - der Komponist der "West Side Story" verreiste niemals ohne eigenes Klavier - in das Bernstein-Zimmer, dann erledigte der Klavierstimmer seine Arbeit, gegen Mittag erschien der Maestro.

Noch so eine Angewohnheit: Als regelmäßiger Gastdirigent der Wiener Philharmoniker buchte Leonard Bernstein bei jedem seiner Besuche in der Welthauptstadt der Musik dieselbe Suite. Der Grund für diese Treue offenbarte sich der Sacher-Direktion erst, als Lenny bei einem seiner Hotel-Aufenthalte sein Lieblingsbild an der Wand vermisste. Kein Problem. Eduard Veits Gemälde "Schwarz und Blond" wurde sofort wieder dorthin gehängt, wo es hingehört.

AC/DC, die Callas, Mireille Matthieu, Comedian Harmonists, Otto Waalkes, die BeeGees und Andi Borg - sie alle übernachteten schon mal im Sacher. Doch der prominenteste Dauer-Hotelgast war kein Musikschaffender, sondern ein professioneller Musikhörer: Marcell Horace Frydman Ritter von Prawy. Oder einfach nur: Marcel Prawy. Bis zu seinem Tod im Jahre 2003 galt er als der österreichische "Opernführer der Nation". Sein Markenzeichen waren die Plastik-Einkaufstüten der Supermarkt-Kette "Billa", in denen er Noten und Aufzeichnungen herumschleppte.

Während der letzten zehn Lebensjahre von Marcel Prawy galt das Hotel mit dem kürzesten Fußweg zum Hintereingang der Wiener Staatoper als seine feste Wohnadresse. Das lässt auf den gehobenem Lifestyle eines Privilegierten schließen, es führt aber durchaus zu Komplikationen - vor allem dann, wenn im Sacher mal wieder ein Staatspräsident absteigt, das komplette Hotel zum Hochsicherheitstrakt erklärt worden ist und gegenüber auf dem Dach der Oper die uniformierten Scharfschützen auf der Lauer liegen.

Beim Staatsbesuch eines Machthabers der oberen Gefährdungsklasse wurde Marcel Prawy von der Polizei daran gehindert, seine Wohnung zu betreten. Protest zwecklos. Also wendete er jenes Mittel an, das in einer fremdenfreundlichen Stadt wie Wien immer sofort wirkt: Prawy erklärt in unbeholfenem Englisch, er sei ein arabischer Scheich und müsse unbedingt seinen Freund, den Präsidenten besuchen - und er wird durch gewunken.

Zum Glück hatte der Sacher-Stammgast nicht behauptet, er sei der Marcel Prawy. Die Polizei hätte ihn garantiert mitgenommen wegen des Verdachts, dass da jemand seine jedem ORF-Radiohörer vertraute Stimme imitiert, um ohne Befugnis hinein zu kommen in das Hotel Sacher.

www.merian.de/europa/oesterreich/wien/artikel/das-hotel-s...

Portland offers great attraction to the traveler. There are so many point of scenic and historic interest near the city that several days can be spent in sight-seeing in almost every direction are interesting places to visit.

Mailed from Portland, Oregon to Mr. John Luquin of Chicago, Illinois on June 12, 1916:

Dear Son,

How are you coming are you still in the office or is the strike off is everything fine at home. To-day is about the first warm day we had since I came here. We are getting ready to go out. I am about dead going around. Best - love to all. M.A.

Chas. S. Lipschuetz Co.

American Art Postcard

R-62154

CAPA-014009

And welcome to our annual trip round the churches of Kent during the Heritage Open Weekend as organised by English Heritage.

On a wet and cool morning, our first stop was just outside Dartford at Sutton-at-Hone, where we hoped it would be open. As it was, the door was unlocked and two volunteers met us and offered us tea and biscuits as well as our own tour round the church. A fine welcome.

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A fascinating church showing good quality medieval work and contrasting nineteenth-century rebuilding. The main chancel and nave date from the fourteenth century - a period of much rebuilding in this part of Kent - while the south aisle is separated from the nave by an unequivocally Victorian arcade. In April 1615 the church was accidentally burnt down by a man shooting pigeons (see also Charing) and all the furnishings date from after this period. Especially fine is the early seventeenth-century pulpit. The monument in the south aisle to Sir Thomas Smythe (d. 1625), an early official of the East India Company, is a good example of alabaster craftsmanship.

www.kentchurches.info/church.asp?p=Sutton+at+Hone

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SUTTON-AT-HONE

LIES the next parish south-eastward from Wilmington, and was once so considerable, as to give name to the whole lath. It was called in Latin, Suthtuna, from its situation south of the town of Dartford, and had the addition of At-Hone, from its lying low in the valley.

THIS PARISH contains about 3100 acres of land, of which 250 are wood. It is pleasantly situated as to the eastern part of it in the vale, through which a branch of the river Darent runs at the eastern boundary of it, near which the turnpike road from Dartford to Farningham, and so on to Sevenoke, leads through it, passing through Hawley and the village of Sutton; near it are most of the gentlemen's seats in it mentioned below, the parsonage, and vicarage. Hence the ground rises westward to the hill, having the church standing at one field's distance from the above road, still higher to Gilton-hill and Swanley, at the western boundary as the parish, at Birchwood corner, adjoining to the high road from Foot's Cray to Farningham. The soil of this parish is in general light, stony, and much inclined to gravel, though there is a good deal of chalk in several different parts of it; and there is some fertile lands in the southern part, adjoining to Horton; the western part, adjoining to the Farningham road, is very poor indeed, and such of it as is not coppice wood is mostly covered with heath and furze, especially about that part called the Warren.

Our HERBALISTS have taken notice of the following SCARCE HERBS and PLANTS in this parish, viz.

Ocymum sylvestre, or wild basil, found in plenty near St. John's. (fn. 1)

Millesolium flare rubro, red flowered yarrow, in the Hollydeans.

Ebulus, five sambucus humilis, dane wort, or dwarf elder, in the grounds near St. John's, and in the Netherway there.

Tapsus barbatus, mullein, or bigtaper, grows likewise iu plenty uear St. John's.

That curious naturalist, Abraham Hill, esq. lord of the manor of St. John's, about the year 1670, planted in an orchard, adjoining to his mansion here, the most curious fruits from Devonshire and Herefordshire, both apples and pears, used in those counties for making cyder and perry, with the intent of introducing them among the orchards of this county, many of which are still remaining here; among which are many trees of that scarce fruit, called the Kentish pippin.

In the book of Domesday, Levenot de Sudtone is said to have had the privileges of sac and soc within the lath of Sutton.

Robert Basing, in the reign of king John, gave to the Knights Hospitallers the MANORS of SUTTON-AT-HONE and of HALGELL, now HAWLEY, in this parish.

Elen de Saukevile, daughter of Ralph de Dene, gave all her land of Lageham, in Penshurst, to the manor of Sutton. Ralph de Penshurst gave more lands and rents there to this manor. Nicholas, son of Nicholas de Twytham, gave rents, with their appurtenances, in the parish of Sutton; and Gilbert, son of William Helles, gave more lands and rents to it. In the first year of king Edward, the prior of St. John had a confirmation of his liberties for his lands in Sutton-at-Hone, (fn. 2) &c. This manor seems, by the antient rentals of it, to have been formerly accounted but as an appendage to that possessed by the knights in Dartford, which was constantly stiled, Manerium de Derteford cum Sutton-at-Hone; which, besides the parishes of Dartford and Sutton, extended into those of Ash, Penshurst, Edenbridge, Chelsfield, and Nockholt, and into Limpsfield, in Surry.

The manor of Sutton continued part of the possessions of the Knights Hospitallers, who had a commandery established here. This was a convenient mansion, of which they had several on their different estates, in which there was a society of these knights placed, who were to take care of their rents and lands in the neighbourhood of it. They were allowed proper maintenance out of the revenues under their care, and the remainder was accounted for to the grand prior at London; (fn. 3) in which state it remained till their dissolution, in the 32d year of king Henry VIII. when by an act, passed specially for that purpose, all their lands and possessions were given to the king; who, that year, granted the office of receiver-general of the revenues of the late dissolved hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, in England, to Sir Maurice Denys, descended of a good family in Gloucestershire, who bore for his arms, Gules, three leopards heads, or, jessant fleurs de lis azure, over all a bend engrailed of the third; and he, from this grant, and having the grant of several of these possessions afterwards, acquired the addition of St. John's to his name. In like manner all other great estates and possessions, as well of the late monasteries as of attainted persons, were sought after by the courtiers and great men, who first begged the offices of bailiffs and receivers of them, to be more certainly acquainted with their value, and then got the grants of them in fee; after which, in his 35th year, he granted to Sir Maurice Denys St. John's, among other premises, this manor of Sutton-at-Hone, alias St. John's, the chapel of Sutton, and other lands and premises belonging to it, to hold in capite, by knights service.

Anno 4 queen Elizabeth, Sir Maurice Denys levied a fine of this manor, and two years after died possessed of it, as appears by the inquisition taken after his death. Lady Elizabeth Denys, his widow, who had been first the wife of Nicholas Stathan, mercer, of London, by whom she had no issue, then became possessed of it, and died in the 19th year of it; and by her will gave this manor to her only daughter, Elizabeth, the widow of Vincent Randyll, esq. and their two daughters, Catherine and Martha, who, on their mother's death, became possessed of it in undivided moieties. Martha Randyll carried her moiety in marriage to Thomas Cranfield, esq. of London, who bore for his arms, Or, on a pale azure, three fleurs de lis of the first; on whose death it came to their son, Sir Randyll Cranfield, who, in the 7th year of king Charles I. executed a writ of partition of this manor with Sarah countess of Leicester, and her son Sir John Smith, owners of the other moiety of it; and each of them possessing part of the demesnes, as well as part of the services, each moiety became a separate manor.

That which was allotted to Cranfield retained the name of St. John's, alias SUTTON MANOR, and included the antient mansion and chapel of the knightshere; and to this manor was allotted the court leet, usually held for it. Sir Randyll Cranfield, by his will, in 1635, gave this manor of St. John's, alias Sutton, to his son, Vincent Cranfield. esq. who, by deed and fine, laid in 1649, conveyed it to Mr. Thomas Hollis, merchant, of London; and he, with Elizabeth his wife, in 1660, passed it away, by deed and fine levied, to Abraham Hill, esq. merchant of London, who did not get possession of it till the year 1667. He afterwards resided at St. John's, where he died in 1721, and was buried in Sutton church. He was descended of a good family, who had been for some generations seated at Shilston, in Devonshire; one of whom, Robert Hill, esq. was sheriff of that county in the 7th year of king Henry VI. and representative in parliament for it in the 26th of that reign, and bore for his arms, Argent, a chevron between three water bougets, sable. One of his descendants, and fifth son of Robert Hill, esq. of Shilston, seated himself at Truro, in Cornwall, whose son Richard was an alderman of the city of London. He died in 1659, and was bu ried with much pomp in the church of St. Dionis Backchurch, London, leaving by Agnes his wife, a son, Abraham Hill, esq. before mentioned, who was a most ingenious and learned man, one of the first encouragers, and a fellow of the Royal Society, at the first institution of it. By his first wife Anne, daughter of Sir Bulstrode Whitlock, he left a son, Richard, and a daughter, Frances.

Richard Hill, esq. survived his father but a few weeks, and dying without issue, this manor devolved to his sister, Mrs. Frances Hill, who resided here, and died possessed of it, in 1736, unmarried, and lies buried in the south isle of Sutton church, with the rest of her family, having a most remarkable and singular epitaph on her monument and grave stone; she by her will gave it, as well as her other Kentish estates, near Tunbridge, to her kinsman, William Hill, esq. of Carwythinick, in Cornwall, who in the latter end of 1780, sold it to Mr. John Mumford, of Sutton place, who died in 1787, and by his will devised this manor to his eldest son, William Mumford, esq. of this parish, the present owner of it; and the mansion of it to his youngest son John Mumford, esq. who was sheriff in 1796, and now resides in it. Of the mansion the north side only remains, which was formerly the chapel belonging to it: this has long since been converted into the dwelling-house, and was almost rebuilt in the year 1755.

The OTHER MOIETY of the manor of St. John's, alias Sutton-at-Hone, since known by the name of SUTTON MANOR, was carried in marriage, by Catherine, the other daughter of Vincent Randyll, to Robert Wrote, esq. whose son, Francis Wrote, esq. of Gunton, in Suffolk, in the 10th year of king James, conveyed it to Sir William Swan, of Southfleet; and he, in the 14th year of the same reign, passed it away to George Cole, esq. of the Inner Temple, London, who, two years after, sold this moiety, together with the moiety of the chapel of the late priory of St. John's, with all tithes, oblations, &c. belonging to it, and other lands in Sutton and Wilmington, to Sir Thomas Smith, second son of Customer Smith, of Westenhanger, who was a great navigator, and entrusted in many weighty matters relating to the trade of this kingdom. He had been ambassador to the emperor of Russia, and afterwards resided at Brookeplace in this parish, where he died in 1625, as is conjectured, of the plague, which raged greatly here at that time. He bore for his arms, Azure, a chevron engrailed, or, between three lions passant guardant of the second; which he quartered with those of Judde, Chiche, Criol, Creveceur, Averenches, Chichele, and Stafford; having by will left many charitable benefactions to several parishes in this county, and entrusted them to the care of the Skinner's company, who pay them yearly. He lies buried in this church, under a most costly monument, having his effigies at full length recumbent on it. He left by his third wife, Sarah, daughter and heir of William Blount, esq. who was the next year married to Robert Sidney earl of Leicester; a son, John, afterwards knighted, who, together with his mother, Sarah, countess of Leicester, owners of one moiety of the manor of St. John's, executed their writ of partition of it with Sir Randyll Cranfield, owner of the other moiety, in the 7th year of Charles I. as has been already mentioned.

THAT PART, allotted to the countess of Leicester and her son, thus becoming a separate manor, with a court baron appendant to it, acquired the name of the manor of Sutton, and after the countess of Leicester's death, came, with Brook-place, into Sir John Smith's possession. He died possessed of Sutton manor and Brook-place, with much other land in this county, leaving by the lady Isabella, daughter of the earl of Warwick, one son, Robert, and a daughter, Isabella, married to John lord Robartes, of Truro.

¶Robert Smythe, esq. was of Bounds, in Bidborough, and of Sutton, and married the lady Dorothy Sidney, relict of Henry earl of Sunderland, by whom he had one son, Robert Smythe, esq. of Sutton-atHone, who was governor of Dover castle, and died in 1695, possessed of this manor and Brook-place, leaving Catherine his wife, daughter of William Stafford, of Blatherwick, in Northamptonshire, surviving, and two sons, Henry and William, (fn. 4) to whom this manor and seat descended, as heirs in gavelkind.

In the 10th year of king William, she, as guardian to her two insant sons, obtained an act of parliament for vesting this manor and seat, among others, in this county, in trustees to sell the same, who accordingly, in 1699, conveyed them to Sir John Le Thieullier, of London.

Charities.

FOUR ACRES of land were given for the repair of the church.

THOMAS TERREY, yeoman, of Shoreham, in 1628 gave by will, a house and land at Dean in Horton, to the poor, now of the annual produce of 3l. 5s.

Mrs. KATHERINE WROTE built, and gave to the use of this parish, an alms-house, containing 4 rooms on a floor, with separate gardens. On the front of these houses is this inscription: These alms houses were erected by Kath. Wrote, widow, late wife of Robt. Wrote, esq. A. D. 1597. And these two coats of arms: Three piles azure, on a chief of the 2d, a griffin passant; and, on a saltier azure, 5 swans impaling on a bend 3 birds. And she left by will a house, barn and garden, adjoining the north end of the above houses, for the repair of them, now of the annual produce of 3l. 10s.

SIR THOMAS SMITH gave by will in 1625, the yearly sum of 5l. 10s. for six loaves of good bread, of 4d. each, to be given every Sunday to fix of the poorest and most honest inhabiting householders of this parish, to be paid by the Skinners Company.

Mrs. CATHERINE BAMME, of Gillingham, gave by her deed in 1572, 20s. per annum for the use of the poor, to be paid out of a farm, called Darlands, in Gillingham, vested in lord Vere.

The tenant of the parsonage is bound, by his lease from the dean and chapter, to give 20 bushels of peas, and two bushels of wheat yearly to the poor.

ABRAHAM HILL, esq. and his heirs, as lords of the manor of St. John's, on the ground of which the alms-houses before-mentioned were built, have the right of nominating a poor person to the southernmost of them; he having, in 1720, built two more houses on the garden-ground of that house. His daughter, Mrs. Frances Hill, allotted a small field adjoining, for gardens and other uses of those houses.

THOMAS HARRIS, esq. in 1769, by will gave 5l. per annum to the poor, to buy linen cloth for the term of 50 years, vested in the heirs of John Mumford, esq. and now of that annual produce.

SUTTON-AT-HONE is within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the deanry of Dartford, and diocese of Rochester. The church is a handsome building, consisting of two isles and a chancel, with a towersteeple at the west end, containing three bells. It is dedicated to St. John Baptist.

It was, on April 27, 1615, burnt down, by a person's firing off a gun in the church at a bird, that had taken shelter in it. From which time till April 21, 1617, all baptisms were solemnized at Darent.

Among other monuments and memorials in this church are the following:—In the chancel, a memorial for Thomas Gifford, M. D. obt. 1669, arms, a lion passant guardant on a chief, three stirrups; under the raised part of it, on which the altar stands, is a vault, in which several of the vicars and their families are buried. At the west end of the south isle, near the door, are memorials for the Staceys of Deptford, buried in a vault underneath, arms, on a fess 3 fleurs de lis between 3 birds. Against the south wall, a monument, with the figure of a woman in white marble, half length, in alto relievo, for Mrs. Frances Hill, daughter of Abraham Hill, esq. great grand daughter of William, lord Willoughby, of Parham, obt. unmarried 1736, æt. 78; arms, Hill. In the small south chancel, at the east end, a mural monument for Abraham Hill, esq. of St. John's, in this parish, the son of Richard Hill, esq. descended out of Devonshire; he was twice married, 1st, to Anne, daughter of Sir Bulstrode Whitlock, by Frances, daughter of William, lord Willoughby, of Parham; 2dly, to Elizabeth, daughter of Michael Pratt, esq. by the former he left Frances and Richard. He died 1721, æt. 88; arms, Hill, impaling azure a chevron ingrailed, between 3 falcons, or, and again impaling Pratt. Another monument for Richard Hill, esq. be fore-mentioned. He married Frances Eyres, and died in 1722, s. p. and she re-married in 1723, Francis Bathurst, esq. of Franks, in Horton. On the south side is a most stately monument, on which, under an arch richly ornamented, lies the figure of a man at full length in his robes, his head resting on a cushion, the whole finely executed, and over him an inscription for Sir Thomas Smith, of Sutton-place, in this parish, governor of the EastIndia and other trading companies, treasurer of the Virginian plantation, prime undertaker in 1612, of the discovery of the north-west passage, and some time ambassador to the emperor and great duke of Russia and Muscovy, &c. &c. obt. 1625; at the top, on each side, a celestial and terrestrial globe, and between them a large shield of arms, being Smith, azure a chevron ingrailed between 3 lions passant, guardant, or, quartering 8 other coats. A memorial for Henry Smith, esq. son and heir of Robert Smith, esq. great grandson of Sir Thomas Smith beforementioned. The said Henry left by Elizabeth, only daughter of Dr. John Lloyd, prebendary of Windsor, an only child, Sydney Stafford Smith. He died in 1706, æt. 29, leaving his widow surviving. Above, the arms of Smith impaling Lloyd, at the entrance to this chancel are 2 small antient folding doors of oak carved with gothic work, on the upper part of which are scrolls, and on each door a full face, carved with a tongue, through a buckle hanging out of the mouth, being an allusion to an antient family in this parish of the name of Puckletongue; under the pew in the north isle, belonging to Hawley-house, is a vault, in which lie several of the owners of that seat, especially of the family of Leigh, to the present time. In the church yard is a vault and monument for John Lethieullier, esq. of Sutton-place, and his two wives; he died s. p. in 1760; and on the north side a tomb, and under it a vault for the Percivals, of Hawley, in this parish; and on the south side are vaults for the Saundersons, of Gillingham, and the Searles, of Hackstable. (fn. 20)

King Henry I. granted the church of Sutton, with the chapels of Kingsdown and Wilmington, with the tythes of them in corn, cattle, pannage, mills, and all other things, to the priory of St. Andrew, in Rochester. (fn. 21)

Gundulph, bishop of Rochester, who was elected to this see in the time of the Conqueror, having divided the revenues of his church between himself and his convent, allotted this church, with the chapels belonging to it, to the share of the monks, which was confirmed by king Henry II. and afterwards by Henry, bishop of Rochester. (fn. 22)

Bishop Gilbert de Glanvill, in the reign of king Richard I. on the compromise of the great dispute, which he had with the priory, concerning the gifts which bishop Gundulph, his predecessor, had made to it, granted this church, with the chapel of Wilmington, to the priory, towards the support of their almonry; and ordained, that Gilbert, then rector, should be perpetual vicar of it, paying to the monks, as for the tithes of corn, four marcs yearly; and that, after his decease, or resignation, the perpetual vicar of Sutton should have cure of souls, and in the name of his vicarage, take for his maintenance, all the altarage, as well in small tythes as in oblations, and all obventions belonging to it, except the tythe of corn; and further, that he should possess the alms-land then belonging to it, or which any one might in future give to it, excepting the court-lodge, with the buildings and the meadow belonging to the monks there. And he further ordained, that the cellarer of the priory should sustain all the burthens of it, as well in respect to the bishop as the archdeacon, except synodals, which the vicar himself should pay. It appears by the decrees of archbishop Hubert and Richard, that this appropriation was merely conditional; and it seems never to have taken place; (fn. 23) for in the year 1253, Laurence, bishop of Rochester, appropriated and confirmed to the priory this church, with the chapels of Kingsdown and Wilmington, towards the support of the almonry, in recompence for their giving up their right in the churches of Frindsbury and Dartford, which he got appropriated to his own fee, (fn. 24) provided that the cure of souls in the said church and chapel should be served, and in no wife neglected, by a proper vicar, who should be from time to time provided by the bishop, and his successors, in the church of Sutton; and to proper vicars in the said chapels, to be presented to him and his successors, by the prior and convent. This appropriation was confirmed by John, bishop of Rochester, in 1478. (fn. 25)

In consequence of the above appropriation, the paparishes of Sutton and Wilmington continued one parsonage, with two distinct vicarages; which were, at the general dissolution, surrendered, together with the other possessions of the priory of Rochester, into the hands of the crown, and were two years afterwards, anno 33 king Henry VIII. settled, by that king on the new-erected dean and chapter of Rochester, part of whose possessions they still remain.

In the 15th year of king Edward I. the church of Sutton was valued at thirty-five marcs, and the vicarage at one hundred shillings. (fn. 26)

Walter, prior, and the convent of Rochester, in the 29th year of king Henry VIII. demised for the term of eighty-five years, to Nicholas Statham, gent. this parsonage, with the presentation to the vicarage, at the yearly rent of 13l. 6s. 8d. and three bushels of wheat, at Ladytide, to the poor of Sutton and Wilmington; the said Nicholas to repair the premises, and to find straw for thatching the churches of Sutton and Wilmington.

¶By the survey taken by order of the state in December 1649, of the manor and rectory of Sutton, parcel of the then late dean and chapter of Rochester, it appears, that it then consisted of the scite, containing two large barns, a small granary, and barn-yard of two roods of land; all which were estimated at two pounds per annum, and the tythes belonging to it at seventyeight pounds per annum. All which were let, by the dean and chapter, anno 14 king Charles I. to the trustees of Ambrose Beale, for twenty-one years, at 13l. 11s. 8d. The lessee was bound to repair the chancel, and to make the usual payment to the vicar of Sutton, of twenty bushels of peas annually, and two bushels of wheat; to the vicar of Wilmington, of wheat, rye, barley, peas, one quarter each, and twenty shillings and eight-pence in money; the vicarages of the churches being excepted out of the lease.

By virtue of the commission of enquiry into the value of church livings, in 1650, issuing out of chancery, it was returned, that Sutton at-Hone was a vicarage, worth sixty pounds per annum; master Robert Hazelwood then enjoying it. (fn. 27)

This vicarage was augmented by the dean and chapter, soon after the restoration, with the annual sum of ten pounds, besides which the vicar receives an old pension of four nobles, and four quarters of grain, viz. of wheat, rye, barley, and peas, one quarter of each, out of the parsonage; and two shillings annually from Sir Thomas Smith's charity.

The demesne lands belonging to the manor of St. John's, claim an exemption from tythes when in the owner's occupation, as having part of the revenues of the knights hospitallers, concerning which exemption a decree was made confirming it, anno 10 Elizabeth. (fn. 28)

There are twenty-four acres and a half of glebe land, widely dispersed in small pieces, belonging to this vicarage. It is valued in the king's books at ten pounds, and the yearly tenths at one pound. (fn. 29) The present value of the parsonage is near four hundred pounds per annum, and the yearly out goings about fifty pounds. Thomas Harris, lessee of this parsonage, who died in 1769, built near the yard, on part of the glebe, a small but neat parsonage house, in which Mr. William Mumford, the present lessee of it, till lately resided.

The court antiently held for the manor of this rectory, has been disused for a number of years.

There was an agreement concerning tythes entered into between the monks of Rochester, and the brotherhood of the knights of St. John's, in 1217; after much altercation, and an appeal to the pope, by which it was settled, that the monks should take the tythes of sheaves in the demesne lands, which the brotherhood possessed in Sutton, who were allowed a right to take all other tythes whatsoever arising therefrom. (fn. 30)

www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-kent/vol2/pp343-367

Run to the Sun is a cool store in Anchorage, Alaska that offers swim and resort wear as well as tanning. Every year as part of the Alaska's Womens Show, Run to the Sun has a fashion show offering the latest fashion styles for us sun/beach deprived locals. The show is great to watch. Photographing it a bit tricky since the lighting at the Sullivan Arena is tough (for me) to shoot.

I've met a lot of great models through the show and hope to continue this - the women and men that Michelle uses are very classy and fun to shoot with.

FYI - the shows were in April in the past but due to scheduling conflicts the Womens Show moved to September so in 2010 we had two fashion shows. You won't hear me complaining!

~offers a cup of cocoa or nods to the coffee on the table by the stairs~

www.redcarpetreportv.com

Mingle Media TV and our Red Carpet Report team with host Cathy Kelley were on hand at Disney’s "Descendants" Premiere Purple Carpet at Walt Disney Studios in Burbank CA.

Descendants is a Disney Channel Original Movie scheduled to premiere on July 31, 2015 after the new series Bunk'd

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About “Descendants” Movie

Disney's Descendants takes place in a present-day idyllic kingdom, where the benevolent teenaged son of the King and Queen (Beast and Belle from Disney's iconic Beauty and the Beast) is poised to take the throne. His first proclamation: offer a chance at redemption to the trouble-making spawn of Cruella De Vil, Maleficent, the Evil Queen and Jafar who have been imprisoned on a forbidden island with all the other villains, sidekicks, evil step-mothers and step-sisters. These villainous descendants (Carlos, Mal, Evvie and Jay, respectively) are allowed into the kingdom to attend prep school alongside the offspring of iconic Disney heroes including Fairy Godmother, Sleeping Beauty, Rapunzel and Mulan. However, the evil teens face a dilemma. Should they follow in their nefarious parents' footsteps and help all the villains regain power, or embrace their innate goodness and save the kingdom? For more info visit DisneyChannel.com.

Descendants stars Mitchell Hope, Sarah Jeffery, Jedidiah Goodacre, Dianne Doan, Brenna D'Amico, Dove Cameron, Booboo Stewart, Cameron Boyce and Sofia Carson

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In the early part of 2011 I had the chance to visit Crich Tramway Village. Its some where I had been many years as a young boy and lets face it a local mecca to those with a lens :)

These are the few shots that made it from that day to give a flavour of whats on offer. I fully intend to go back later in the year but this time on a family trip rather than a tog day out.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crich

Crich (pronounced /ˈkraɪtʃ/ ( listen), with a long I) is a village in Derbyshire in England. It is the home of the National Tramway Museum inside the Crich Tramway Village, and at the summit of Crich Hill above, a Memorial Tower for those of the Sherwood Foresters regiment who died in battle, particularly in World War I.

Built in 1923 on the location of an older tower called Crich Stand, the Memorial Tower is the destination of an annual pilgrimage on the first Sunday in July. Set 1,000 feet above sea level, it has 52 steps to the top, from which eight counties can be seen, including landmarks such as the Humber Bridge and Lincoln Cathedral.

In 1009 Æþelræd Unræd (King Ethelred the Unready) signed a charter at the Great Council which recognised the position and boundaries of Weston-on-Trent and several other manors including Crich.[2] The charter shows that Weston controlled the nearby crossings of the Trent. The land was listed as eight hides at Weston upon Trent, and a hide at Crich, Morley, Smalley, Ingleby and Kidsley. This land was then given to Morcar, the King's chief minister, and he was unusually given rights that were normally reserved for the King alone. He was given the responsibility for justice and exemption from the Trinoda necessitas, he alone could decide a fate of life or death without the need of the authority of the King or his sheriff. Morcar was given further lands in Derbyshire. Weston (and Crich?) again come under the control of Æþelræd Unræd, when Morcar and his brother were murdered by Eadric in 1015.

A workhouse was opened in 1734 on the edge of Nether Common. It could accommodate 40 inmates, and accepted paupers from other parishes, including Melbourne, Pentrich, Willington, Mercaston and Denby.

Crich was the setting for the ITV drama series Peak Practice (along with Ashover for a time). Crich is home to 'The Briars', a residential youth centre for the Catholic Diocese of Nottingham. It hosts approximately 5000 young people a year from across the East Midlands, working with them on personal, social and spiritual themes. Images of the village also appear in the 2007 film "And When Did You Last See Your Father" starring Colin Firth. In the film Firth is seen riding a motorbike up Chapel Lane.

Geologically, Crich lies on a small inlier of Carboniferous limestone (an outcrop on the edge of the Peak District surrounded by younger Upper Carboniferous rocks).

Quarrying for limestone probably began in Roman times. In 1791 Benjamin Outram and Samuel Beresford bought land for a quarry to supply limestone to their new iron works at Butterley. This became known as Hilt's Quarry, and the stone was transported down a steep wagonway, the Butterley Company Gangroad, to the Cromford Canal at Bullbridge. Near there they also built limekilns for supplying farmers and for the increasing amount of building work. Apart from a period when it was leased to Albert Banks, the quarry and kilns were operated by the Butterley Company until 1933.

Quarrying in the early 1900s

The gangroad, descending some 300 feet in about a mile, was at first worked by gravity, a brakeman "spragging" the wheels of the wagons, which were returned to the summit by horses. However, in 1812 the incline was the scene of a remarkable experiment, when William Brunton, an engineer for the company, produced his Steam Horse locomotive.

In 1840, George Stephenson, in building the North Midland Railway, discovered deposits of coal at Clay Cross and formed what later became the Clay Cross Company. He realised that burning lime would provide a use for the coal slack that would otherwise go to waste. He leased Cliff Quarry and built limekilns at Bullbridge. They were connected by another wagonway including a section known as "The Steep", a 550-yard self-acting incline at a slope of 1 in 5.

Cliff Quarry closed in 1957, although a small amount of limestone extraction still occurs at the western end; it was bought by the Tramway Museum in 1959.

Hilt's Quarry closed in 1933 and is derelict. For 38 years, Rolls-Royce used it for dumping low-level radioactive waste such as enriched uranium, cobalt-60 and carbon-14. Following a campaign and blockades by villagers in the Crich and District Environment Action Group, dumping ceased in 2002. In 2004 the Government backed an Environment Agency document banning further dumping, and Rolls-Royce will be required to restore and landscape the site

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Harley-Davidson Inc (NYSE: HOG, formerly HDI), often abbreviated H-D or Harley, is an American motorcycle manufacturer. Founded in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, during the first decade of the 20th century, it was one of two major American motorcycle manufacturers to survive the Great Depression. Harley-Davidson also survived a period of poor quality control and competition from Japanese manufacturers.

The company sells heavyweight (over 750 cc) motorcycles designed for cruising on highways. Harley-Davidson motorcycles (popularly known as "Harleys") have a distinctive design and exhaust note. They are especially noted for the tradition of heavy customization that gave rise to the chopper style of motorcycle. Except for the modern VRSC model family, current Harley-Davidson motorcycles reflect the styles of classic Harley designs. Harley-Davidson's attempts to establish itself in the light motorcycle market have met with limited success and have largely been abandoned since the 1978 sale of its Italian Aermacchi subsidiary.

Harley-Davidson sustains a loyal brand community which keeps active through clubs, events, and a museum. Licensing of the Harley-Davidson brand and logo accounted for $40 million (0.8%) of the company's net revenue in 2010.

History

BeginningIn 1901, William S. Harley, age 22, drew up plans for a small engine with a displacement of 7.07 cubic inches (116 cc) and four-inch (102 mm) flywheels. The engine was designed for use in a regular pedal-bicycle frame. Over the next two years, Harley and his childhood friend Arthur Davidson labored on their motor-bicycle using the northside Milwaukee machine shop at the home of their friend, Henry Melk. It was finished in 1903 with the help of Arthur's brother, Walter Davidson. Upon completion, the boys found their power-cycle unable to conquer Milwaukee's modest hills without pedal assistance. Will Harley and the Davidsons quickly wrote off their first motor-bicycle as a valuable learning experiment.

Work immediately began on a new and improved second-generation machine. This first "real" Harley-Davidson motorcycle had a bigger engine of 24.74 cubic inches (405 cc) with 9.75 inches (25 cm) flywheels weighing 28 lb (13 kg). The machine's advanced loop-frame pattern was similar to the 1903 Milwaukee Merkel motorcycle (designed by Joseph Merkel, later of Flying Merkel fame). The bigger engine and loop-frame design took it out of the motorized-bicycle category and would help define what a modern motorcycle should contain in the years to come. The boys also received help with their bigger engine from outboard motor pioneer Ole Evinrude, who was then building gas engines of his own design for automotive use on Milwaukee's Lake Street.

Prototype

The prototype of the new loop-frame Harley-Davidson was assembled in a 10 × 15 ft (3.0 × 4.6 m) shed in the Davidson family backyard. Most of the major parts, however, were made elsewhere, including some probably fabricated at the West Milwaukee rail shops where oldest brother William A. Davidson was then tool room foreman. This prototype machine was functional by September 8, 1904, when it competed in a Milwaukee motorcycle race held at State Fair Park. It was ridden by Edward Hildebrand and placed fourth. This is the first documented appearance of a Harley-Davidson motorcycle in the historical record.

In January 1905, small advertisements were placed in the "Automobile and Cycle Trade Journal" that offered bare Harley-Davidson engines to the do-it-yourself trade. By April, complete motorcycles were in production on a very limited basis. That year, the first Harley-Davidson dealer, Carl H. Lang of Chicago, sold three bikes from the dozen or so built in the Davidson backyard shed. (Some years later the original shed was taken to the Juneau Avenue factory where it would stand for many decades as a tribute to the Motor Company's humble origins. Unfortunately, the first shed was accidentally destroyed by contractors in the early 1970s during a clean-up of the factory yard.)

In 1906, Harley and the Davidson brothers built their first factory on Chestnut Street (later Juneau Avenue). This location remains Harley-Davidson's corporate headquarters today. The first Juneau Avenue plant was a 40 × 60 ft (12 × 18 m) single-story wooden structure. The company produced about 50 motorcycles that year.

1907 model.

Harley-Davidson 1,000 cc HT 1916In 1907, William S. Harley graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison with a degree in mechanical engineering. That year additional factory expansion came with a second floor and later with facings and additions of Milwaukee pale yellow ("cream") brick. With the new facilities production increased to 150 motorcycles in 1907. The company was officially incorporated that September. They also began selling their motorcycles to police departments around this time, a market that has been important to them ever since.

Production in 1905 and 1906 were all single-cylinder models with 26.84 cubic inches (440 cc) engines. In February 1907 a prototype model with a 45-degree V-Twin engine was displayed at the Chicago Automobile Show. Although shown and advertised, very few V-Twin models were built between 1907 and 1910. These first V-Twins displaced 53.68 cubic inches (880 cc) and produced about 7 horsepower (5.2 kW). This gave about double the power of the first singles. Top speed was about 60 mph (100 km/h). Production jumped from 450 motorcycles in 1908 to 1,149 machines in 1909.

Harley-Davidson works in 1911By 1911, some 150 makes of motorcycles had already been built in the United States – although just a handful would survive the 1910s.

In 1911, an improved V-Twin model was introduced. The new engine had mechanically operated intake valves, as opposed to the "automatic" intake valves used on earlier V-Twins that opened by engine vacuum. With a displacement of 49.48 cubic inches (811 cc), the 1911 V-Twin was smaller than earlier twins, but gave better performance. After 1913 the majority of bikes produced by Harley-Davidson would be V-Twin models.

By 1913, the yellow brick factory had been demolished and on the site a new 5-story structure of reinforced concrete and red brick had been built. Begun in 1910, the red brick factory with its many additions would take up two blocks along Juneau Avenue and around the corner on 38th Street. Despite the competition, Harley-Davidson was already pulling ahead of Indian and would dominate motorcycle racing after 1914. Production that year swelled to 16,284 machines.

World War IIn 1917, the United States entered World War I and the military demanded motorcycles for the war effort. Harleys had already been used by the military in the Pancho Villa Expedition but World War I was the first time the motorcycle had been adopted for combat service.[citation needed] Harley-Davidson provided about 15,000 machines to the military forces during World War I.

1920s

Harley-Davidson 1000 cc HT 1923By 1920, Harley-Davidson was the largest motorcycle manufacturer in the world. Their motorcycles were sold by dealers in 67 countries. Production was 28,189 machines.

In 1921, a Harley-Davidson, ridden by Otto Walker, was the first motorcycle ever to win a race at an average speed of over 100 mph (160 km/h).

During the 1920s, several improvements were put in place, such as a new 74 cubic inch (1,200 cc) V-Twin, introduced in 1922, and the "Teardrop" gas tank in 1925. A front brake was added in 1928 although notably only on the J/JD models.

In the late summer of 1929, Harley-Davidson introduced its 45 cubic inches (737 cc) flathead V-Twin to compete with the Indian 101 Scout and the Excelsior Super X.[19] This was the "D" model, produced from 1929 to 1931.[20] Riders of Indian motorcycles derisively referred to this model as the "three cylinder Harley" because the generator was upright and parallel to the front cylinder. The 2.745 in (69.7 mm) bore and 3.8125 in (96.8 mm) stroke would continue in most versions of the 750 engine; exceptions include the XA and the XR-750.

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We offer all stock windshields for any make & model Harley Davidson.

We offer a full line of colors, laser & CNC engraving for individuals, clubs and organizations. We will beat anyone’s quality & price!

Harley-Davidson Inc (NYSE: HOG, formerly HDI), often abbreviated H-D or Harley, is an American motorcycle manufacturer. Founded in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, during the first decade of the 20th century, it was one of two major American motorcycle manufacturers to survive the Great Depression. Harley-Davidson also survived a period of poor quality control and competition from Japanese manufacturers.

The company sells heavyweight (over 750 cc) motorcycles designed for cruising on highways. Harley-Davidson motorcycles (popularly known as "Harleys") have a distinctive design and exhaust note. They are especially noted for the tradition of heavy customization that gave rise to the chopper style of motorcycle. Except for the modern VRSC model family, current Harley-Davidson motorcycles reflect the styles of classic Harley designs. Harley-Davidson's attempts to establish itself in the light motorcycle market have met with limited success and have largely been abandoned since the 1978 sale of its Italian Aermacchi subsidiary.

Harley-Davidson sustains a loyal brand community which keeps active through clubs, events, and a museum. Licensing of the Harley-Davidson brand and logo accounted for $40 million (0.8%) of the company's net revenue in 2010.

History

BeginningIn 1901, William S. Harley, age 22, drew up plans for a small engine with a displacement of 7.07 cubic inches (116 cc) and four-inch (102 mm) flywheels. The engine was designed for use in a regular pedal-bicycle frame. Over the next two years, Harley and his childhood friend Arthur Davidson labored on their motor-bicycle using the northside Milwaukee machine shop at the home of their friend, Henry Melk. It was finished in 1903 with the help of Arthur's brother, Walter Davidson. Upon completion, the boys found their power-cycle unable to conquer Milwaukee's modest hills without pedal assistance. Will Harley and the Davidsons quickly wrote off their first motor-bicycle as a valuable learning experiment.

Work immediately began on a new and improved second-generation machine. This first "real" Harley-Davidson motorcycle had a bigger engine of 24.74 cubic inches (405 cc) with 9.75 inches (25 cm) flywheels weighing 28 lb (13 kg). The machine's advanced loop-frame pattern was similar to the 1903 Milwaukee Merkel motorcycle (designed by Joseph Merkel, later of Flying Merkel fame). The bigger engine and loop-frame design took it out of the motorized-bicycle category and would help define what a modern motorcycle should contain in the years to come. The boys also received help with their bigger engine from outboard motor pioneer Ole Evinrude, who was then building gas engines of his own design for automotive use on Milwaukee's Lake Street.

Prototype

The prototype of the new loop-frame Harley-Davidson was assembled in a 10 × 15 ft (3.0 × 4.6 m) shed in the Davidson family backyard. Most of the major parts, however, were made elsewhere, including some probably fabricated at the West Milwaukee rail shops where oldest brother William A. Davidson was then tool room foreman. This prototype machine was functional by September 8, 1904, when it competed in a Milwaukee motorcycle race held at State Fair Park. It was ridden by Edward Hildebrand and placed fourth. This is the first documented appearance of a Harley-Davidson motorcycle in the historical record.

In January 1905, small advertisements were placed in the "Automobile and Cycle Trade Journal" that offered bare Harley-Davidson engines to the do-it-yourself trade. By April, complete motorcycles were in production on a very limited basis. That year, the first Harley-Davidson dealer, Carl H. Lang of Chicago, sold three bikes from the dozen or so built in the Davidson backyard shed. (Some years later the original shed was taken to the Juneau Avenue factory where it would stand for many decades as a tribute to the Motor Company's humble origins. Unfortunately, the first shed was accidentally destroyed by contractors in the early 1970s during a clean-up of the factory yard.)

In 1906, Harley and the Davidson brothers built their first factory on Chestnut Street (later Juneau Avenue). This location remains Harley-Davidson's corporate headquarters today. The first Juneau Avenue plant was a 40 × 60 ft (12 × 18 m) single-story wooden structure. The company produced about 50 motorcycles that year.

1907 model.

Harley-Davidson 1,000 cc HT 1916In 1907, William S. Harley graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison with a degree in mechanical engineering. That year additional factory expansion came with a second floor and later with facings and additions of Milwaukee pale yellow ("cream") brick. With the new facilities production increased to 150 motorcycles in 1907. The company was officially incorporated that September. They also began selling their motorcycles to police departments around this time, a market that has been important to them ever since.

Production in 1905 and 1906 were all single-cylinder models with 26.84 cubic inches (440 cc) engines. In February 1907 a prototype model with a 45-degree V-Twin engine was displayed at the Chicago Automobile Show. Although shown and advertised, very few V-Twin models were built between 1907 and 1910. These first V-Twins displaced 53.68 cubic inches (880 cc) and produced about 7 horsepower (5.2 kW). This gave about double the power of the first singles. Top speed was about 60 mph (100 km/h). Production jumped from 450 motorcycles in 1908 to 1,149 machines in 1909.

Harley-Davidson works in 1911By 1911, some 150 makes of motorcycles had already been built in the United States – although just a handful would survive the 1910s.

In 1911, an improved V-Twin model was introduced. The new engine had mechanically operated intake valves, as opposed to the "automatic" intake valves used on earlier V-Twins that opened by engine vacuum. With a displacement of 49.48 cubic inches (811 cc), the 1911 V-Twin was smaller than earlier twins, but gave better performance. After 1913 the majority of bikes produced by Harley-Davidson would be V-Twin models.

By 1913, the yellow brick factory had been demolished and on the site a new 5-story structure of reinforced concrete and red brick had been built. Begun in 1910, the red brick factory with its many additions would take up two blocks along Juneau Avenue and around the corner on 38th Street. Despite the competition, Harley-Davidson was already pulling ahead of Indian and would dominate motorcycle racing after 1914. Production that year swelled to 16,284 machines.

World War IIn 1917, the United States entered World War I and the military demanded motorcycles for the war effort. Harleys had already been used by the military in the Pancho Villa Expedition but World War I was the first time the motorcycle had been adopted for combat service.[citation needed] Harley-Davidson provided about 15,000 machines to the military forces during World War I.

1920s

Harley-Davidson 1000 cc HT 1923By 1920, Harley-Davidson was the largest motorcycle manufacturer in the world. Their motorcycles were sold by dealers in 67 countries. Production was 28,189 machines.

In 1921, a Harley-Davidson, ridden by Otto Walker, was the first motorcycle ever to win a race at an average speed of over 100 mph (160 km/h).

During the 1920s, several improvements were put in place, such as a new 74 cubic inch (1,200 cc) V-Twin, introduced in 1922, and the "Teardrop" gas tank in 1925. A front brake was added in 1928 although notably only on the J/JD models.

In the late summer of 1929, Harley-Davidson introduced its 45 cubic inches (737 cc) flathead V-Twin to compete with the Indian 101 Scout and the Excelsior Super X.[19] This was the "D" model, produced from 1929 to 1931.[20] Riders of Indian motorcycles derisively referred to this model as the "three cylinder Harley" because the generator was upright and parallel to the front cylinder. The 2.745 in (69.7 mm) bore and 3.8125 in (96.8 mm) stroke would continue in most versions of the 750 engine; exceptions include the XA and the XR-750.

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www.usaraf.army.mil

Military expert offers advice on managing uncertainty in armed conflict

By Sgt. Raymond Reyes, U.S. Army

WASHINGTON, D.C. - U.S. Army Brig. Gen. H.R. McMaster, an expert on managing uncertainty in armed conflict, addressed senior military leaders recently from 32 African nations at the African Land Forces Summit.

The summit was sponsored by U.S. Army Africa for the purpose of raising understanding and cooperation among African military leaders, as they work to advance common objectives of security, stability and peace on the African continent.

McMaster, the Director of Conceptual Development and Learning Army Capabilities Integration Center, said militaries must recognize that while they can’t predict future threats, they “need to come as close as possible.”

He said that in the 1990s, American military planners “embraced an unrealistic vision of what future threats might look like.” Planners, he said, made the erroneous assumption that precision weapons would have the same capabilities in land conflict as they do in the air and at sea.

“We learned that there can never be the same degree of certainty on land as there is in aerospace and maritime,” McMaster said. “For starters, you are dealing with people, non-combatants on land.”

McMaster said the American military was forced to quickly adapt to an evolving enemy in Iraq, and most of the adaptations were made by troops in the field who had regular contact with the enemy, not by planners in remote locations.

“If you’re in an operational force, the motivation to adapt is right in front of you,” said McMaster, who commanded the 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment during its 2004-2005 Iraq deployment. He said the deployment in the volatile region of Tal-Afar demonstrated the American military cannot rely on technological might alone, but must also work to raise its awareness of the culture, religions and social fabric of the areas in which it operates.

According to McMaster, the key to matching doctrine to current and future threats is to draw on the knowledge of Soldiers who have recently returned from combat operations.

"You are never going to get it completely right. You are never going to see the future with the clarity you would like to see it," McMaster said. "What's critical is to not be so far off the mark that you can't adjust, that you can't adapt, once the true demands of conflict become apparent to you."

CAPTION: Conceptual Development and Learning Army Capabilities Integration Director, Brig. Gen. H.R. McMaster (left), meets with Maj. Gen. William B. Garrett, commanding general, U.S. Army Africa (center) and Brig. Gen. Frank Rusagara of Rwanda, following a panel discussion at the African Land Forces Summit, May 12, 2010. U.S. Army photo by Barbara Romano.

Public School Foundation Theresianische Academy

Founded in 1746

831 students status: 2013

Teachers about 130

www.theresianum.ac.at site

The Theresianum called state facility with buildings dating back several centuries in Vienna, 4th district, Favoritenstrasse 15, serves as the seat of the public high school of the Foundation Theresianische Academy, as the building for short Theresianum, and the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna. Both institutions have a tradition spanning centuries. Since 2011, the Foundation also offers a kindergarten and an elementary school.

The New Favorita seen from the favorite street, it houses today the Theresianum

View to the pediment with the coat of arms of the Empire of Austria under Francis I

The Theresianum, seen from the park

The school park

Nazi era: Library stamp of "NPEA Vienna Theresianumgasse"

(National Political Institutes of Education (German: Nationalpolitische Erziehungsanstalten; officially abbreviated NPEA, commonly abbreviated Napola for Nationalpolitische Lehranstalt meaning National Political Institution of Teaching) were secondary boarding schools in Nazi Germany. They were founded as "community education sites" after the National Socialist seizure of power in 1933.), Wikipedia

History

1288 an estate was detectable in this area. 1614 the estate with fields, meadows and vineyards was acquired by the Habsburg monarchy, was first described as a Favoritenhof 1623 and served as the widow's home for the Empresses Anna of Austria-Tyrol, Eleonora Gonzaga and Eleonora Magdalena Gonzaga of Mantua-Nevers. For this, the estate was remodeled in 1642 according to plans of Giovanni Battista Carlone to pleasure palace with pleasure garden called Favorita.

The emperors Leopold I, Joseph I and Charles VI. served the Favorita as a preferred summer residence. During this time, extensions were built, the in the second Turkish siege in 1683 originated ravages repaired and sold some of the fields.

Charles' VI. daughter, Maria Theresa, heiress to the throne in the Austrian dominions, in the Kingdom of Bohemia and the Kingdom of Hungary and since 1745, when her husband became Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, as Empress was dubbed, preferred as summer residence the Schönbrunn Palace and had it expanded. To this decision may have contributed that the Favorita, concerning location and architecture, with Belvedere Castle could not compete, which the for Habsburg victorious commander Eugene of Savoy, of Charles VI. richly endowed, had built about 800 meters to the east form here using a prominent hillside.

The baroque Favorita (it was by now called New Favorita, the Old Favorita had been in the Augarten) in the suburb of Wieden handed Maria Theresia to the Jesuits - with the condition in it to establish an educational institution, a knight's academy for the benefit of the universal essence, but especially the noble youth. Main task should be the raising of educated and loyal government officials and diplomats. In the 18th and 19th Century followed various extensions and increases in the building.

1783 dissolved the reformer Joseph II in the Austrian hereditary lands all knights academies, as well as the Theresianum. In 1797 Emperor Franz II as sovereign approved the reopening under the management of the Piarists. The facade was rebuilt in the classical style. After the revolution of 1848, Emperor Franz Joseph I. disposed the admission of sons of the middle class as students.

The Oriental Academy, founded by Maria Theresa in 1754, was since the 19th Century in the Theresianum. In 1900 renamed, moved the Consular Academy in 1904 in its newly constructed own building (9, Boltzmanngasse 16, since 1947 Embassy of the United States). It was in 1938 by the Nazi regime canceled. Its role was in 1964 by the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna (see below) resumed.

After the "Anschluss" of Austria by Nazi Germany in 1938, the Nazis dissolved the Theresianische Academy and established on 13 March 1939, exactly one year after the "Anschluss", in the buildings a National Political Education Institute (Napola). 1944/1945, the plant was badly damaged by bombs and grenades. 1945, the buildings in the occupied postwar Austria were by the Soviet occupying power monopolised, in the four-sector city of Vienna the 4th district controlling. It handed the Theresianum over to the USIA, the administration of Soviet Property in Austria.

After the State Treaty of 1955, the Austrian State resp. the Foundation Theresianum got the property on 20 September 1955 refunded, and in September 1957, the school system of the private school with public status could be resumed. The re-establishment of the in the war damaged buildings was carried out by the State from 1956 to 1964. In 1964 in a part of the buildings the by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs established Diplomatic Academy of Vienna started operations, with which the Viennese educational establishement for this topic after 60 years returned into the Theresianum .

Since 1989, in the high school female students are accepted, too.

The gymnasium in the presence

In addition to general education, the focus of the school is placed on language education - the compulsory subjects include other than German, English, French, Latin, Russian and mathematics - and in the education to internationality. Special emphasis is placed on politeness and good appearance. An additional service is available in the areas of sport, art, creativity, information and communication technology and music, and economic projects. The school is run as half-and full boarding.

The school campus is 50,000 square meters and includes a soccer field, and a fun court, two other soccer fields, a swimming pool, a tennis court, a running track, two beach volleyball courts, a basketball court, a large, divisible gymnasium and a smaller, older hall, in both of the are climbing walls as well as other sporting items available.

Currently nearly 800 students attend the Theresianische Academy. Many come from more distant states or from abroad and have the opportunity to live in a boarding school in this case.

The selection of professors is made by the respective school management in cooperation with the Vienna Board of Education. The boarding school, as well as some activities are shared with the Lycée Français de Vienne.

Known graduates

Josef Franz de Paula Hieronymus von Colloredo-Waldsee- Mels, 1732-1812, Bishop of Gurk and Prince Archbishop of Salzburg

Vincent Joseph of Schrattenbach, 1744-1816, Prince-Bishop of Lavant and Bishop of Brno

Wilhelm Florentin von Salm-Salm, 1745-1810, Bishop of Tournai and Archbishop of Prague

Johann Prokop Schaffgotsch, 1748-1813, Auxiliary Bishop of Prague and Bishop of Budweis

Franz Xaver II Altgraf of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Krautheim, 1749-1822, Prince-Bishop of Gurk, Cardinal and organizer of the first ascent of the Grossglockner

Franz von Spaun, 1753-1826, Austrian jurist, mathematician, and nonconformist writer

Ferenc Széchenyi, 1754-1820, Hungarian scholar and founder of the Hungarian National Library

Josef Wenzel Radetzky von Radetz, 1766-1858, Austrian field marshal, knight of the Golden Fleece

Ignaz Edler von Mitis, 1771-1842, Austrian engineer and chemist, inventor of the Schweinfurt green

Ignacy Hilary Count Ledochowski, 1789-1870, Austrian and Polish general

Joseph Jelacic of Bužim, 1801-1859, k.k. officer

Moritz Freiherr Ebner von Eschenbach, 1815-1898, Austrian engineer, inventor and writer, husband and supporter of Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach

Tivadar Puskás, 1844-1893, Hungarian engineer and inventor

Karl Lueger, politician and mayor of Vienna, graduation year of 1862

Olivier Marquis de Bacquehem, Minister of Trade and Minister of the Interior 1847-1917

Ernest von Koerber, 1850-1919, bourgeois-liberal politician of Austria-Hungary

Wilhelm Carl Gustav Ritter von Doderer 1854-1932, Austrian architect, engineer and contractor

Alfonso XII., 1857-1885, King of Spain

Konstantin Jirecek, Swedish politician, diplomat, historian and Slawist

Peter Altenberg, letters, graduation year of 1876

Wladimir Ledochowski, General of the Society of Jesus, graduation year of 1884

Count István Bethlen von Bethlen, 1874-1946 (?), Hungarian politician and Prime Minister

Clemens Peter Freiherr von Pirquet, pediatrician, bacteriologist and immunologist, graduation year of 1892

Baron Franz Nopcsa of Felsöszilvás, founder of palaeophysiology and Albania researcher, graduation year of 1892

Friedrich Hasenohrl, physicists, graduation year of 1892

Fritz von Herzmanovsky-Orlando, writer and artist, graduation year of 1896

Edgar Leon Calle Ernst, 1879-1955, Austrian composer and pianist

Rudolf Sieczynski, 1879-1952, Austrian Viennese song-composer, writer and official

Ernst August von Hoffmansthal, 1829-1915, German Wiener Song Composer

Joseph Schumpeter, 1883-1950, economist

Odo Neustädter-Stürmer, politician, graduation year of 1905

Richard Nikolaus Graf Coudenhove-Kalergi, writer, politician and founder of the Pan-movement

Teddy Kern, 1900-1949, actor

Egon Brunswik, 1903-1955, American psychologist

Godfrey Edward Arnold, 1914-1989, physician, phoniatrist, explorer of speech defects and disorders of the vocal cords

Ertuğrul Osman, 1912-2009, head of the House Osman

Hans Jaray, actor, writer and director

Ernst Gombrich, an art historian, graduation year of 1927

Max Ferdinand Perutz, chemist and Nobel Prize winner in 1962, year of graduation 1932

Herbert Hinterleithner, poet and painter, graduation year of 1934

Rolf Olsen, actor, director and screenwriter, 1919-1998

Hans Hass, biologist, underwater pioneer and documentary filmmaker, graduation year of 1937

Peter Zinner, editor and Oscar winner, graduation year of 1937

Kurt Schubert, Judaic scholar, graduation year of 1941

Werner Fasslabend, politician and jurist, graduation year of 1963

Hans Winkler, Austrian diplomat and Secretary of State, graduation year of 1963

Alexander Wächter, actor, director and theater manager, graduation year of 1966

Thomas Angyan, director of the Society of Friends of Music in Vienna, graduation year of 1971

Rudolf Striedinger, Officer, graduation year of 1979

Dimitris Droutsas, Greek politician, graduation year of 1986

Nicholas Scherak, Member of Parliament, Matura group 2004

de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96ffentliches_Gymnasium_der_Sti...

THE ISLAND SHOP

All we have to offer

is the myth of Corn Crakes,

the rusty wreck, the ruins

and the cold haar

that crushes the secret of bones

back in their sacred holes.

The tourists come in their vibrant trickles;

flapping maps,

crackling in their gaudy raincoats,

weighed down with monstrous cameras

trained to steal the simple colours

of our antiquated lives.

They saunter down the skinny isles

as if they are in a museum,

touching packets of oatcakes,

squeezing loaves of barmbrack,

holding jars of dark island chutney

up to the light with a reverance

reserved for precious artifacts.

In winter when the sea's too wild

there is nothing new to perfume our days.

Deprived of its exotic cargo

the island stagnates.

Our gossip thickens like porridge.

Gaia Holmes.

From her collection: Dr. James Graham's Celestial Bed, Comma Press 2006

Photograph by Gaia Holmes.

The Fort Aguada is one of the largest and impressive forts preserved as one of the best known landmarks in Goan history. Its prominence has grown from the fact that its headland on which it is built offers a wonderful site for military architects due to its shielding of the vital sea access from the heart of the Portuguese territory thereby making it an ideal site for seaward as well as landward defense.

The elimination of the Maratha threat and the acquisition of the New Conquest added more glory to its importance right upto the end of the 18th century when Goa's future borders were established. The most vital part of it was its impregnability to survive attacks by enemies through land or sea or simultaneously from both sides which often happened.

The most feared threat for the Portuguese came from the Europeans in the east, which came true when a Dutch squadron approached the Mandovi in 1604. The Reis Magos Fort, Gaspar Dias Fort and the Cabo Fort proved to be futile in keeping them at bay and though eventually warded off, the Dutch succeeded in burning quite a number of Portuguese ships. In 1606, they returned back and settled at the entrance of the river, blocking the harbour and preventing the entry or departure of all the ships.

The Portuguese naval strength was now actually not enough to face the Dutch for an open sea battle whereby they had to resort to defensive methods against the Dutch to keep them at a safe distance meanwhile work on building a fort was started on the headland which was completely finished in 1612. During the reign of the Catholic King Dom Filippe of Portugal, the construction of the fortress began with orders from the municipality levying 1 percent duty towards protection and defence of ships approaching the fort. The Fortress was finally completed in 1612 by the members of the Municipality under the administration of Viceroy Ruy Tavara.

The water link with the sea on the north side was extended with the use of the Nerul river which dissolves into creeks beyond the peninsula and the whole of the headland was utilized as well making it a thoroughly defensible island. The fort was built as per the design laid down by the Italian military architects employed by the Portuguese government in Lisbon. On the highest point of the headland, there is a citadel which is linked by a defended passage to the riverside. The entire area at sea level is surrounded by fat walls with occasionally occurring bastions along the riverside. The outer wall part has now disappeared though there are still fragments which can be seen, distinctively along the river.

A delight for a military architect was the position of the fort citadel situated at the heart of the fort on the western tip of the headland commanding any seaward approach. It is now used as a jail outside the area of the fort and can still be visited. Similar to all forts built by the Portuguese where the fort configuration usually conforms towards the ground, this one is in form of a square with bastions for artillery placed at each of its three corners, while the fourth corner is occupied by a main gate. Each of the three corners are strongly defended by a dry moat and extremely thick walls while the fourth faces out on the steep slope towards the river. The embrasures are far and wide enough to allow a broad field of fire for the cannons. At one time, 200 cannons were a part of this fort, quite a massive artillery! The bastions are arrow shaped with rounded corners.

The solidity of the Aguada fort can be seen from the fact that neither this one has any delicate turrets nor the battlement lines are bisected by any towers. The citadel gateway being narrow is also blocked by heavy and iron studded doors thereby preventing easy access. The narrow bridge over the ditch makes it all the more difficult while the ramp into the fort inside the gateway curves off at a sharp angle and the steep steps upto the battlements do not make access any easier either. The 1st lighthouse was built here two and half centuries later. The main gate has a magazine adjacent to it, which has a unique half round design in order to deflect any enemy shots.

One of the distinctive features of the Aguada headlands are the Lighthouses built as early as 1864 thereby marking them as one of the oldest and first lighthouses to be built in Asia. Earlier to this, ships were normally guided by bonfire beacons lit on the Hill of the Pilots above the Immaculate Conception Church at Panjim. The 1st lighthouse initially built served purpose right upto 1976 when it was replaced by a square, modern lighthouse located nearby the walls of the citadel. This one is open to visitors and it makes all the watching more enjoyable due to the scenic views one gets to see when he/she climbs up the spiral staircase with a metal ladder within the lighthouse.

The old model is a splendid structure, and form a distance dominates the skyline. The Viceroy, together with the architect and engineer, is suitably, commemorated on a copper plaque in the ‘turret’ of the tower. Somewhat squat and with a solid appearance relieved by a balustrade around the platform and a curving staircase up to the lamp housing, it is most satisfying building. This is where the great bell from the Augustinian church in Old Goa was brought before being transferred to Panjim Church. Wherever it was hung it must have deafened the light house the lighthouse keeper. There is a third and smaller lighthouse, the Aguada Beacon, at the foot of the slopes near the buildings on the river bank. Built in 1890, it marks the entrance to the river.

The splendid structure of the lighthouse has a turret in which on a copper plaque are built and commemorated statues of the Viceroy, together with the architect and the engineer. The building has a solid appearance with the presence of a balustrade around the platform with a curving staircase to the lamp housing. The great bell from the Augustinian church was initially brought here before getting transferred to the Panjim church. Its peals must have deafened the lighthouse surroundings not to mention, the lighthouse keeper too. A smaller lighthouse, ‘The Aguada Beacon’, built in 1890 near the foot of the slopes besides the buildings on the river bank, marks the entrance to the river.

The lighthouse is surrounded by magnificent places where Panjim lies to the east along the river, with its Miramar and Caranzalem beaches leading to the Cabo with the Governor’s house on its point. Beyond the lighthouse lies the estuary of the Zuari river and the Mormugao port with the islands of St. George and Cambariem offshore. On the western side lie the famous northern beaches of Baga and Calangute. While the Candolim church is located inland to these beaches.

A huge underground cistern beneath the steps leading down from the centre of the citadel courtyard provides the water supply with its arched caverns having a capacity of more than 10 million litres or two and quarter million gallons to be precise. This was enhanced by the presence of several springs of clear sweet water which were instrumental in the naming of the fort Aguada which literally means ‘a place for watering’.

Another significant aspect of the Fort Aguada was the small chapel dedicated to ‘Our Lady of Good Voyage’, this being named due to ships anchoring at this place after a long journey and restocking before embarking on another journey. A jetty extends out towards the sea on the northern side where the Taj Group hotel is located just within the outer walls of the fort. The canon provides the necessary fire cover at the foot of the steep slopes, hidden from the guns of the citadel above. The cistern was excavated which in turn arranged for the stone from which the fortress walls were built. The fortress has many passages and rooms and narrow steps leading into more deeper and darker passageways to lost magazines and storerooms.

Parallel walls form a defensible passageway which connect the citadel with the anchorage below, where at river level, there are located old buildings not to forget the first chapel already mentioned above. The largest of all springs, the Mother of Water or Mae de Agua is also found here. This part of the fort is closed for visitors as it is utilized as a prison. At the new gates to the prison area, there is a statue of a man and a woman, the man holding the body of a child in his arms while the woman has her arms raised to show the breaking of chain bondage in front of the national emblem of India, the Ashoka Pillar which has an inscription which is dedicated to the memory of people, dead and alive, known and unknown and who have laid down their life for the cause of freedom from foreign powers.

The ceremony for commemoration of the beginning of the struggle is held on 18th June each year. The prison was in extensive use as it housed the revolutionaries of the 19th century when in 1946, the first peaceful non violence movement was initiated. All through the fight for freedom, nationalist supporters found themselves imprisoned here. The barrack built by British forces at the beginning of the 19th century during the Napoleonic Wars is no longer visible now.

Campsites along Forest Road 171.

Forest Road (FR) 171 in the Wing Mountain area offers a "camping corridor" between FR 222A north to FR 222. Motor vehicles may drive and park up to 300 feet from FR 171 in the corridor, offering prime dispersed camping opportunities for tents, trailers, and recreational vehicles. The area is ponderosa pine forest and fairly flat, with several established camp sites.

The Wing Mountain area is southwest of the San Francisco Peaks. Many of the unpaved roads around Wing Mountain offer fantastic dispersed camping. Forest Roads 222, 171, and the western end of FR 222A (near FR 171) are suitable for tents, campers, and recreational vehicles.

Wing Mountain is a prominent cinder cone volcano located approximately six miles southwest of the San Francisco Peaks, rising to an elevation of 8,560 feet. The mountain is surrounded by ponderosa pine forest on fairly level terrain at approximately 7,600 feet.

Photo taken August 2017 by Deborah Lee Soltesz. Source: U.S. Forest Service, Coconino National Forest. Visit Wing Mountain Dispersed Camping and Coconino National Forest for more information.

E82

Bonhams : the Zoute Sale

Sold for € 57.500

Zoute Grand Prix 2017

Knokke - Zoute

België - Belgium

October 2017

Introduced in 2004, the 1-Series replaced the 3-Series Compact as the entry-level platform in BMW's line-up, sharing many components with the contemporary (E90) 3-Series. Three- and five-door hatchbacks, a two-door convertible and similar coupé were offered, the latter providing the basis for the high-performance 1M model. Developed by BMW Motorsport and announced in December 2010, the 1M coupé used a tuned version of the N54 twin-turbocharged 3.0-litre straight-six engine producing 335bhp, which was delivered to the road via a six-speed manual gearbox and electronic limited-slip differential. Unusually, there was no optional paddle-shift semi-automatic transmission, making the 1M something of a rarity among modern-day supercars, not that that bothered traditionalists used to shifting gears manually.

With its front engine/rear drive layout, traditional sports car handling, and colossal amounts of low-down torque, the 1M was enthusiastically received, particularly by those who felt that BMW's image had become diluted by too many SUVs; indeed, Top Gear's Richard Hammond voted the BMW 1M his 'Car of the Year 2011'. Autocar quoted a 0-60mph time of 4.6 seconds, while the 1M's top speed was limited to 155mph. Production of this critically acclaimed, limited edition model ceased at the end of 2012, cementing the 1M's relative exclusivity and future interest among collectors.

Discerning members of the latter fraternity will recognise the exceptional quality of this pampered example, which has covered fewer than 2,000 kilometres in the hands of its sole owner and is presented in pristine condition. The 1M was collected in November 2011 by the vendor directly from BMW Welt in Munich, and taken to his home on the back of a pickup truck, because he did not want any snow, salt or other impurities to contaminate his beautiful new car.

As one would expect of such a fastidious owner, the vendor has treated his 1M with great care, driving it only in good weather in order to preserve it in 'as new' condition, and keeping it in a humidity controlled garage. All oil changes and other maintenance tasks have been carried out at the recommended service intervals. The paintwork is as it left the factory, showing no scratches or marks from the car wash as it has only been cleaned with de-mineralised water without using any detergents, sponges, or rags.

All parts are like new: the wheel rims show no blemishes, brake discs and callipers show no corrosion, and the headlights and body are free of stone chips. A cover has always been used on the driver's seat to protect it, while the steering wheel has only ever been gripped by gloved hands. The driver's side floor mat has been protected by a towel, and Alcantara interior trim never touched with bare hands. The passenger seat has rarely been used and the rear seats never used; indeed, the entire interior is like new. The engine bay is similarly spotless, and the under-body as clean as it was the day the car left the factory.

Top Hills ~ Situated 2,000 feet above sea level on the cool hills of Busay, it is an excellent sight seeing spot which offers breathtaking views of Metro Cebu and the islands of Mactan and Olango. Open kiosks are available for daytime picnics at the summit of this viewpoint. The City of Cebu is the capital city of Cebu and is the second city in the Philippines with the second most significant metropolitan centre and known as the oldest Spanish settlement in the country. The city is located on the eastern shore of Cebu and was the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines. Cebu is the Philippines' main domestic shipping port and is home to about 80% of the country's domestic shipping companies. Cebu also holds the second largest international flights in the Philippines and is a significant centre of commerce, trade and industry in the Visayas and Mindanao regions. Cebu City is the centre of a metropolitan area called Metro Cebu, which includes the cities of Carcar, Danao, Lapu-lapu, Mandaue, Naga, Talisay. Metro Cebu has a total population of about two million people. The Mactan-Cebu International Airport, located in Lapu-Lapu City is only a 20 minute drive away from Cebu City. To the northeast of the city is Mandaue City and the town of Consolacion, to the west is Toledo City, the towns of Balamban and Asturias, to the south is Talisay City and the town of Minglanilla. Across Mactan Strait to the east is Mactan Island where Lapu-Lapu City and an aquarium attraction are located.

The piano nobile is reached by two staircases from the ground floor foyer. The first space, the art deco rotunda below the cupola, opens to the south the main balcony that faces Osmeña Boulevard, and to its north the ballroom (social hall). Two-stories high with full-length windows, the ballroom, also in art deco style, is reminiscent of a fairytale setting. Two enormous chandeliers fashioned in crystal and local capiz shells ( placuna placenta ) light the grand space

Cebu City is a significant cultural centre in the Philippines. The imprint of Spanish and Roman Catholic culture is evident. The city's most famous landmark is Magellan's Cross. A few steps away from the Magellan's Cross is the Basilica Minore del Santo Nino (Church of the Holy Child). This is a Augustinian church elevated to the rank of Basilica in 1965 during the 400th year celebrations of Christianity in the Philippines, held in Cebu. The church, which was the first to be established in the islands, is built of hewn stone and features the country's oldest relic, the figure of the Santo Niño de Cebú ( Holy Child of Cebu ). This religious event is celebrated during the island's cultural festivities known as the Sinulog festival. Held every third Sunday of January, it celebrates the festival of the Santo Nino, who was formerly considered to be the patron saint of Cebu. (This patronage was later changed to that of Our Lady of Guadalupe after it was realised that the St. Niño could not be a patron saint because he was an image of the Christ and not a saint.) The Sinulog is a dance ritual of pre-Hispanic indigenous origin. The dancer moves two steps forward and one step backward to the rhythmic sound of drums. This movement resembles somewhat the current (sulog) of the river. Thus, the Cebuanos called it Sinulog.

When the Spaniards arrived in Cebu, the Italian chronicler, Antonio Pigafetta, sailing under convoy with the Magellan expedition, offered a baptismal gift to Hara Amihan, wife of Rajah Humabon. She was later named Juana, the figure of the Santo Nino. The natives also honoured the Santo Niño de Cebu in their indigenous Sinulog ritual[citation needed]. The Sinulog ritual was preserved but limited to honouring the Santo Nino. Once the Santo Niño church was built in the 16th century, the Christian Malay people started performing the Sinulog ritual in front of the church, the devotees offering candles and indigenous dancers shouting ~ Viva Pit Senor!

Ayala Centre Cebu is a large shopping mall at the Cebu Business Park in Cebu City, Archbishop Reyes Ave. Philippines. It is the first Ayala Shopping Centre located outside Metro Manila. It was opened in 1994, and is owned by Ayala Malls. On an average day, more than 85,000 people visit Ayala Centre Cebu, with the figure increasing to 135,000 on weekends. On October 30, 2008, Ayala Centre Cebu unveiled ~ The Terraces, a P 600-million redevelopment that transformed what used to be a simple lagoon area to a food and beverage strip with the signature Ayala-landscaping and orchestrated water features. Ayala Mall Cebu is located near the IT Park and in the heart of the Cebu City Business Park. Ayala Mall Cebu is the areas most beautiful and comfortable mall to go shopping and dining with live entertainment events on the ground floor almost daily. The nice thing about Ayala Mall in Cebu is if you need a break from shopping you can go sit at one of the many shops on the Terraces and just relax and have a drink or dine on one of the many different cuisines that are offered on all levels.

Magellan's Cross is a Christian cross planted by Portuguese, and Spanish explorers as ordered by Ferdinand Magellan on arriving in Cebu in the Philippines around April 14 or 21, 1521. This cross is housed in a chapel next to the Basilica Minore del Santo Niño on Magallanes Street ( Magallanes being the Spanish name of Magellan ), just in front of the city centre of Cebu City. A sign below the cross describes the original cross is encased inside the wooden cross that is found in the centre of the chapel. This is to protect the original cross from people who chipped away parts of the cross for souvenir purposes or in the belief that the cross possesses miraculous powers. Some people, however, believe that the original cross had been destroyed or had disappeared after Magellan's death, and the cross is a replica that was planted there by the Spaniards after they successfully colonized the Philippines.

The history is that when Ferdinand Magellan first arrived in Cebu on 21 April 1521 he erected a cross in Cebu. The cross there today is not the original. Magellan's Cross is one symbol of Cebu. This chapel's image can be found in Cebu city seal. It is also seen as the symbol of Roman Catholicism in the Philippines. Magellan and his crew were the first Europeans to arrive in the Philippines. They made the first conversions to Catholicism when they converted Rajah Humabon, the local chief, his wife and hundreds of his Cebuano villagers to accept Christianity and be consequently baptized. At the same time Magellan left in Cebu the Santo Nino de Cebu [ holy child of Cebu ] a doll figure made in Europe in the 16th Century representing Jesus Christ as a child. This doll was rediscovered some 45 years later the return to Cebu of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi who came back to Cebu on the order of King Phillip of Spain to make Cebu the first centre of the new Spanish Colony in Asia, called Las Islas Filipinas. This doll also plays an important function in the religious life of millions of people as explained here.

Gaya (/ɡʌjɑː/) is a city of ancient historical and mythological significance. It is one of the major tourist attractions of Bihar. Gaya is the 2nd largest city of Bihar, with a population of 470,839, and is also the headquarters of Gaya district and Magadh division.

Gaya is 100 kilometres south of Patna, the capital city of Bihar. Situated on the banks of the Phalgu River (or Niranjana, as mentioned in Ramayana), it is a place sanctified by the Jain, Hindu, and Buddhist religions. It is surrounded by small rocky hills (Mangla-Gauri, Shringa-Sthan, Ram-Shila and Brahmayoni) by three sides and the river flowing on the fourth (eastern) side. The city has a mix of natural surroundings, age old buildings, green areas and narrow bylanes.

Gaya finds mention in the great epics, Ramayana and Mahabharata. Rama, along with Sita and Lakshmana, visited Gaya to offer pind-daan to their father Dasharath. In the Mahabharata, the place is referred to as Gayapuri. About the origin of the name ‘Gaya' as referred to in Vayu Purana is that Gaya was the name of a demon (Asura) whose body was pious after he performed rigid penance and secured blessings from Vishnu. It was said that the Gayasura's body would continue to be known as Gaya Kshetra.

ORIGIN OF NAME

Gaya derives its name from the mythological demon Gayasur (which literally means Gaya the demon). According to Vayu Purana, Gaya was the name of a demon (Asura) whose body was pious after he performed rigid penance and secured blessings from Vishnu. It was said that the body of Gayasura was transformed into the series of rocky hills that make up the landscape of Gaya.

HISTORY

ANCIENT HISTORY

Gaya is an ancient city. Documented history of Gaya dates back to the enlightenment of Gautama Buddha. About 11 km from Gaya town is Bodh Gaya, the place where Gautam Buddha attained enlightenment. Gautam Buddha was a sage on whose teachings, the religion Buddhism was founded. Since then Gaya has been a place of pilgrimage for people all over the world. Gaya further flourished under the rule of dynasties like the Mauryans who ruled from Pataliputra (modern Patna) and covered the area beyond the boundaries of the Indian subcontinent. During this period, Gaya was a part of the Magadh region.

Gaya experienced the rise and fall of many dynasties in the Magadh Region. From the 6th century BC to the 18th century AD, about 2300–2400 years, Gaya has been occupying an important place in the cultural history of the region. It opened up with the Sisunaga dynasty founded by Sisunaga, who exercised power over Patna and Gaya around 600 BC. Bimbisara, fifth in line, who lived and ruled around 519 BC, had projected Gaya to the outer world. Having attained an important place in the history of civilisation, the area experienced the bliss of Gautam Buddha and Bhagwan Mahavir during the reign of Bimbisara. After a short spell of Nanda dynasty, Gaya and the entire Magadha region came under the Mauryan rule with Ashoka (272 BC – 232 BC) embracing Buddhism. He visited Gaya and built the first temple at Bodh Gaya to commemorate Prince Gautama's attainment of supreme enlightenment.

The period of Hindu revivalism commenced with the coming of the Guptas during the 4th and 5th century A.D. Samudragupta of Magadh helped to bring Gaya in limelight. It was the headquarters of Bihar district during the Gupta empire.

Gaya then passed on to the Pala Empire with Gopala as the ruler. It is believed that the present temple of Bodh Gaya was built during the reign of Dharmapala, son of Gopala.

Gaya, in the 12th century, was invaded by Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khilji. It remained a part of the mughal empire till the place finally passed on to the Britishers after the battle of Buxar in 1764. Gaya, along with other parts of the country, won freedom in 1947.

MODERN HISTORY

The town of Gaya, in about 1810 AD, consisted of two parts : one the residence of the priests, which properly was called Gaya; and the other the residence of lawyers and tradesmen, which was originally called Elahabad, but later on, as developed by a renowned collector "Saheb" - Mr. Thomas Law, it was called Sahebgunj. It is the birthplace of eminent nationalist Bihar Vibhuti Dr Anugrah Narain Sinha; Bihar's first deputy Chief Minister cum Finance Minister. The last great ruler of Magadha was Maharaja of Tekari. The leader of Kisan Andolan, Swami Sahajanand Saraswati established an ashram at Neyamatpur, Gaya (Bihar) which later became the centre of freedom struggle in Bihar. Many prominent leaders of Indian National Congress visited there frequently to meet Yadunandan (Jadunandan) Sharma, the leader of Kisan Andolan who resided in the ashram set up by Swamiji. Yadunandan Sharma became the undisputed leader of peasants in the Gaya district and second in command to the legendary freedom fighter and peasant leader Swami Sahajanand Saraswati. Gaya has also immensely contributed in the Indian Independence Movement. During the independence movement, the All India session of the Congress was held under the presidency of Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das in 1922, which was attended by great illumanaries and prominent leaders of the Indian Independence Movement, such as Mohandas K. Gandhi, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Dr Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Sardar Patel, Maulana Azad, Jawaharlal Nehru and Sri Krishna Sinha. The former Bihar Chief Minister Late Satyendra Narain Sinha also hailed from Gaya. Shri Ishwar Chaudhary was a member of Fifth, Sixth and Ninth Lok Sabha during 1971-79 and 1989-91 representing Gaya constituency of Bihar.

ESTABLISHMENT OF THE GAYA DISTRICT

Gaya was established in the year 1865. Earlier Gaya was a part of the district of erstwhile Behar of Ramgarh (now in Jharkhand state) till 1864. It was given the status of independent district on 3 October 1865. Subsequently, in May 1981, Magadh division was created by the Bihar state government with the districts of Gaya, Nawada, Aurangabad and Jehanabad. All these district were at the level of sub-division, when the Gaya district was created. Gaya has seen three district partitioned off from its territory, Aurangabad and Nawada in 1976; and Jehanabad in 1988. Gaya district occupies an area of 4,976 km2 comparatively equivalent to the island of Trinidad.

CLIMATE

As Gaya is surrounded by hills from three sides and one side by rivers so the climate of Gaya is seasonable (means in winter it is too cold and in summer it is too hot). Climate is characterised by relatively high temperatures and evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year. The Köppen Climate Classification sub-type for this climate is "Cfa" (Humid Subtropical Climate).

ECONOMY

Gaya is the second biggest economy contributor after Patna for Bihar. It has a large number of household industries like production of agarbattis, production of tilkut and lai, stone crafting, power looms, Small Scale manufacturing industries, packing industries, plastic products industries, Scrap Industries and hand looms. Gaya functions as a service centre for the surrounding towns and villages. Commercial activities are located along the important roads of the town. The main vegetable market in the city is the Kedarnath Market. In additional the city has a large number of informal shops. On account of Gaya being an important centre for religious tourism, the city has a large number of costly and affordable Hotels and accommodations. Gaya has the highest number of hotels in Bihar & Jharkhand. One Five Star hotel is also proposed in Bodh gaya. Maha Bodhi Hotel, Resort, Convention Centre is the largest and most beautiful hotel in bodhgaya. On the other hand Sambodhi Retreat the best resort of Bihar and Jharkhand is also in the city.

Recently, Gaya has been chosen as one of the heritage cities for HRIDAY - Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana scheme of Government of India.

DEMOGRAPHICS

As per 2011 census, Gaya Urban Agglomeration had a population of 474,093. Gaya Urban Agglomeration includes Gaya (Municipal Corporation), Kaler (Out Growth) and Paharpur (Census Town). Gaya Municipal Corporation had a total population of 468,614 out of which 247,572 were males and 221,042 were females. The population below 5 years was 59,669. The sex ratio was 986. The literacy rate for the 7+ population was 85.74 per cent.

TRANSPORT

Gaya is well connected to the rest of India by roads, rail and airways. The Grand Chord section of the Indian Railways passes through Gaya.

LOCAL TRANSPORT

Many city buses, taxis are providing services across city and Bodhgaya. tongas, auto rickshaw, cycle rickshaws also ply across the city and for Bodhgaya. The main bus stands are Govt. Bus Stand, Sikaria More Bus Stand, Gaurkashni Bus Stand (Manpur), Delha Bus Stand etc. The local transport facility is very good. Nearly, many auto rickshaws are available to various destinations in the city. Many more facilities are being added day by day. Gaya Patna railway lines plays a major role in access people from the town to its state capital.

ROADWAYS

Regular direct bus services run from Gaya to Patna, Bhagalpur, Munger, Nalanda, Rajgir, Varanasi, Ranchi, Jamshedpur, Hazaribagh, Durgapur, Asansol, Kolkata and Dhanbad. In 2011, A/C Mercedes-Benz Luxury services have been introduced by Bihar State Road Transport Corporation for Muzaffarpur, Patna, Munger, Bhagalpur, Motihari, Hazaribagh, Koderma, and Ramgarh.

The National Highway 2 Grand Trunk Road from Kolkata to Delhi passes about 30 km from Gaya. This connects Gaya to Patna, Ranchi, Jamshedpur, Bokaro, Rourkela, Durgapur, Kolkata (495 km), Varanasi (252 km), Allahabad, Kanpur, Delhi, Amritsar, and to the Pakistani cities of Lahore and Peshawar. Gaya is connected to Patna (105 km) by NH 83, Nawada, Rajgir (78 km) and Bihar Sharif by NH 82. Plans have been made to construct a four lane road from Patna to Dobhi via Gaya and Gaya to Bihar Sharif. The proposed Mahabodhi Expressway passes through the city.

RAILWAYS

Gaya Junction railway station is a junction station serving the city. Gaya junction was also proposed in the list of 66 Station to be built of International standard by Mamta Banerji in UPA II gov.Gaya junction was the only station in Bihar and Jharkhand qualify in the list of 66. Gaya falls under the jurisdiction of Mughalsarai railway division of the East Central Railway zone. Grand Chord rail-line that connects Howrah and New Delhi passes through Gaya. It lies between Mughalsarai Junction on the Delhi side and Dhanbad Junction on the Howrah side. It is located at 24°48′13″N 84°59′57″E. It has an elevation of 117 metres There is also a metro system proposed between Gaya Junction and Bodhgaya.

AIRPORT

Situated between Gaya (7 km) and Bodh Gaya (11 km), Gaya Airport is the largest (by area) and only operating international airport in Bihar and Jharkhand. It is connected to Jeddah, Saudi Arabia for carrying Hajis every year for annual pilgrimage to holy city Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Colombo, Sri Lanka; Bangkok, Thailand; Singapore and Paro, Bhutan. It is said to be being developed as a stand-by to the Kolkata airport. Gaya Airport is proposed to expand its area and runway.

EDUCATION

Gaya has a bright educational history with institutions like Magadh University, Gaya College, Mirza Galibh College, Gaya Engineering College and many more. A new National Importance Management College IIM Bodhgaya Is also established. Currently this is running in the Campus of Magadh University. Central university of south Bihar is also located in Gaya.

WIKIPEDIA

Golden Ratio Fine Art Ballerina in Classical Ballet Pointe Shoes! Swimsuit Bikini Lingerie Model Goddess LTD Theory Lingerie dx4/dt=ic! The Birth of Venus, Athena, and Artemis ! Greek Goddess From Hero's Odyssey Mythology!

Greetings mate! As many of you know, I love marrying art, science, and math in my fine art portrait and landscape photography!

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I am working on several books on "epic photography," and I recently finished a related one titled: The Golden Number Ratio Principle: Why the Fibonacci Numbers Exalt Beauty and How to Create PHI Compositions in Art, Design, & Photography: An Artistic and Scientific Introduction to the Golden Mean . Message me on facebook for a free review copy!

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The Golden Ratio informs a lot of my art and photographic composition. The Golden Ratio also informs the design of the golden revolver on all the swimsuits and lingerie, as well as the 45surf logo! Not so long ago, I came up with the Golden Ratio Principle which describes why The Golden Ratio is so beautiful.

The Golden Number Ratio Principle: Dr. E’s Golden Ratio Principle: The golden ratio exalts beauty because the number is a characteristic of the mathematically and physically most efficient manners of growth and distribution, on both evolutionary and purely physical levels. The golden ratio ensures that the proportions and structure of that which came before provide the proportions and structure of that which comes after. Robust, ordered growth is naturally associated with health and beauty, and thus we evolved to perceive the golden ratio harmonies as inherently beautiful, as we saw and felt their presence in all vital growth and life—in the salient features and proportions of humans and nature alike, from the distribution of our facial features and bones to the arrangements of petals, leaves, and sunflowers seeds. As ratios between Fibonacci Numbers offer the closest whole-number approximations to the golden ratio, and as seeds, cells, leaves, bones, and other physical entities appear in whole numbers, the Fibonacci Numbers oft appear in nature’s elements as “growth’s numbers.” From the dawn of time, humanity sought to salute their gods in art and temples exalting the same proportion by which all their vital sustenance and they themselves had been created—the golden ratio.

The Birth of Venus! Beautiful Golden Ratio Swimsuit Bikini Model Goddess! Helen of Troy! She was tall, thin, fit, and quite pretty!

Read all about how classical art such as The Birth of Venus inspires all my photography!

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ECOSISTEMAS Services is the only owner-operated

and supervised specialist arboricultural company

serving the whole of the Algarve .

With over 20 years experience in the tree care

industry, we are able to offer a wide range of

arboricultural services.

From simple pruning jobs to major crown reduction

and felling work through to stump grinding, we are

fully equipped with professional machinery and

qualified, experienced staff in order to provide you

or your clients with a quality service.

.

Telephone or e-mail for a consultancy to examine the best proposals and ideas for the treatment of your trees. ecossistemas é a única firma especializada em Arboricultura dirigida e operada pelo próprio dono na região do Algarve.

Com mais de 20 anos de experiência na indústria de cuidados de árvores, podemos oferecer uma larga gama de serviços em arboriculturas.

Da poda simples, redução extensiva da coroa, cortagem, e até trituração de resíduos verdes, estamos bem equipados com maquinaria profissional, pessoal qualificados e experiente para oferecer ao Sr. ou aos seus clientes um serviço de qualidade.

Telefone ou escreva um e-mail para uma visita de consulta sem compromisso para examinar as melhores propostas ou ideias no tratamento das suas árvores.

arvores .centro de Jardinagem,projectos de jardins ,arqitectura paisagistica algarve ,garden centre algarve Inspection

We can advise how best to care

for your trees, determining what

is necessary to maintain or improve

the health, appearance and safety.

We issue fixed-price quotations,

not estimates, for any required work.

Brushwood Chipper Service

All prunings are cleared using

heavy-duty wood chippers in order

that the work areas are left in a neat and tidy condition.

These machines, with an operator are

available for hire at an hourly r

Felling and Dismantling

If it is necessary or desirable to remove

a tree, we have the equipment and expertise to dismantle it safely. We specialise in the removal of trees from awkward areas such

as adjacent to swimming pools and buildings or when they are in close proximity to overhead cables.

Abates e Desmontagens

Stump Grinding

After felling, our clients can choose to have

the tree stump removed by us using

professional stump grinding machinery.

Or if you have unsightly stumps from

previously felled trees, we can grind

them out and reinstate your lawn.

Remoção dos Tocos

Specialist Pruning including Fruit Trees

With over 20 years experience, we have

the expertise and equipment to carry out

all aspects of tree pruning, particularly where technical knowledge is required in order to maximise crop production or improve the health and appearance.

Poda Especializado

Tree-Pest Treatment ,Control Diseases especialized team for control and detection of diseases or plague, which can be detected in every kind of plants in your garden.

If you need further information, contact us! (Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus)Pine Trees Caterpillar

The annual infestation of Pine Trees (Pinus Pinea) by the processionary caterpillar begins to take effect in the end of summer.

This pest, which is found mainly in Mediterranean and Atlantic regions, causes extreme damage to the pine trees and also worrying skin irritations on humans and animals.

ECOSSISTEMAS has devised a biological product composed of bacteria, “Bacillus Thuringiensis”, which has no toxicity to people and the environment.

It is advisable that this treatment is initiated in the autumn to prevent the caterpillar from hatching in January and causing maximum damage.

If you are interested in treating your pine trees then please do not hesitate to contact us.Red Palm Weevil

A phyto-sanitary team from ECOVIVEIROS Garden Centre, was called out after concerns from a worried client that their majestic palm tree (a Phoenix Canariensis, 8mtrs tall), was showing extreme signs of wilting and distress. On examination, it was discovered to be slowly dying due to an infestation of Red Palm Weevil (Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus), an extremely preoccupying situation, as this shows that this pest which originated in India in 1891, and has over the last two centuries, been found in Egypt, Arabian Gulf countries, Spain (2004) has now arrived to Portugal, most notably, Albufeira and Silves area in the Algarve.

The Red Palm Weevil is the most dangerous and deadly pest of Date, Coconut, Oil, Sago and other Palms. There is no cure, only prevention.

Until the 1970´s, the pest was found only in the tropics.

Since then it has destroyed the following:

1984 - Arabian Emirates – 200,000 palms

1987 - Saudi Arabia – 200,000 palms

1993 - Egypt – 270,000 palms

1995 - Malaga – 2000 palms

2004 - Valencia – 220 palms

This is an extremely worrying situation, as a large proportion of this insect arriving to the European continent is due to the importation of palm trees from Egypt, where 22 out of 26 regions of the country are affected by the red palm weevil. In Spain, in 2004, an embargo was declared, prohibiting the sale of Valencian palm trees, which is the capital of Palm tree production in Europe.

The transport of palms from already infected areas has contributed to the spread of this pest. Strict quarantine at international and national levels should be applied.

The weevil, of which in adult stage can be recognised by its very reddish, orange colour, commences flight when temperatures reach between 25º - 40º. It dislikes light, therefore it is difficult to detect, as it buries itself into the interior of the palm tree, where the female then lays between 200 – 300 eggs, which are the size of a grain of rice.

All stages (life cycle) are spent inside the palm. After the female lays the eggs, they hatch in 2-5 days into larvae (1.4cms in length), which then feed on the soft interior tissues of the palm. This larval period varies between 1-3 months, where the larvae then pupate inside an oval, cylindrical cocoon, made from fibrous strands, and dark brown in colour. After about 14 – 21 days, the adult weevil emerges.

There is no effective biological cure for this pest. The best method is preventative. The crowns of palm trees should be cleaned regularly, to prevent the accumulation of dead and decaying leaves. Avoid cuts and injuries to the palm. When cutting green leaves, cut them about 120cm away from the base. All dead palms or palms beyond recovery should be cut and burned to eradicate the pest inside.

The weevils can also be trapped by luring them into a trap bucket called a “Saudi Trap.” This is a 15lt bucket with sturdy walls with a 4cm diameter opening which contains a 5cm solution of water, sugar and a carbolic based insecticide and pieces of palm stem. This is then fixed to the trunk of the palm about 1.5m from the base. This pest is extremely difficult to detect without a thorough examination of the tree. We can be alerted to its presence by a sad, wilting appearance of the palm and new leaves showing a reddish colour.

have a team on hand to deal with all enquiries, and have already alerted the Ministry of Agriculture, where they are working in close conjunction to devise a plan on the controlling of this pest.

during the Summer of 1991. It is currently being renewed and modernized to keep up with an expanding and competitive market. produces most of the plants for sale in its garden center. Other than ornamental shrubs, ornamental trees, a wide variety of fruit trees, annuals, indoor plants, cacti, tropical plants, palm trees, rosebushes, seasonal plants, climbers and others, we also market compost for pots and garden, pine bark, peats and organic as well as specific chemical fertilizers, plastic, glazed and terracota pots.este viveiro passou a fazer parte da durante o Verão de 1991. Neste momento está a ser renovado e modernizado para poder dar resposta a um mercado competitivo e em expansão. produz a maior parte das plantas à venda no seu garden center. Para além de arbustos e árvores ornamentais, uma grande variedade de árvores de fruto, anuais, plantas de interior, cactos, plantas tropicais, palmeiras, roseiras, plantas de época, trepadeiras e outras, também comercializamos composto para vasos e jardim, casca de pinheiro, turfas, fertilizantes químicos e naturais, e vasos de terracota e plástico.

SCHEDULEHORÁRIO

Monday to Friday: Open from 8am to 1pm and from 2pm to 6pm. Closed on Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays. Segunda a Sexta: Aberto das 8h00 às 13h00 e das 14h00 às 18h00. Encerrado Sábado, Domingo e Feriados.

Ecossistemas leads the market in garden maintenance and garden services. Skilled gardeners with all the the necessary tools for professional work offer you a wide range of services always with outstanding results. Our regular garden maintenance costumers benefit from a weekly gardening service on a fixed schedule - every week the job gets done on the same day at the same time. Other casual garden services can be scheduled in advance. A ecossistemas lidera o mercado em manutenção de jardim e serviços de jardinagem. Jardineiros profissionais munidos com todas a ferramentas necessárias oferecem-lhe um vasto leque de serviços sempre com os melhores resultados. Os nossos clientes habituais beneficiam de uma manutenção de jardim semanal num horário fixo - todas as semanas os serviços são prestados no mesmo dia à mesma hora. Outros serviços de jardinagem casuais podem ser marcados com antecedência.

SOME OF OUR SERVICES INCLUDE:ALGUNS DOS NOSSOS SERVIÇOS INCLUEM:

•Palm tree treatment against Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Red Palm Weevil)

•Pine tree treatment against Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Pine Processionary)

•Lawn treatment against Spodoptera cilium (Lawn Caterpillar) and other lawn pests/diseases

•Lawn verticut

•Pruning or removal of big trees or palm trees

•Irrigation system revision

arvores .centro de jardinagem, projectos de jardins

arqitectura paisagistica algarve ,garden centre algarve

•Tratamento de palmeiras contra Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Escaravelho da Palmeira)

•Tratamento de pinheiros contra Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Processionária do Pinheiro)

•Tratamento de relvados contra Spodoptera cilium (Lagarta da Relva) e outras pragas/doenças

•Escarificação de relvados

•Poda ou remoção de árvores ou palmeiras de grandes dimensões

•Revisão de sistemas de rega

,ECOSSISTEMAS e oLIVEIRAS DE PORTUGAL COM A ECOVIVEIROOS pela sua actividade. O proprietário dos conhecidos viveiros ECOSSISTEMAS tem vindo a ganhar crescente notoriedade, por força do seu profissionalismo e pela forma apaixonada como defende as suas causas..E a mais importante de todas é, sem dúvida, a preservação das oliveiras portuguesas, consideradas por OLIVEIRAS DE PORTUGAL como uma das “espécies mais fantásticas da paisagem mediterrânica”. Lamenta que esta árvore não esteja protegida pela legislação nacional e seja, hoje em dia, preterida nos jardins portugueses por palmeiras ou buganvílias, estranhas ao nosso ambiente natural e que necessitam, inclusive, de mais manutenção e grandes quantidades de água.E a que se deve este desencanto por uma das árvores seculares da nossaflora. ECOSSISTMAS aponta, por um lado, a mentalidade das pessoas, rendidas às espécies exóticas, e por outro o desleixo com que as árvores autóctones – de que as oliveiras fazem parte - são tratadas. O trabalho é mal feito desde o início, a árvore não é bem trabalhada”, observa. “Há muitos particulares que desistem de comprar oliveiras,porque as vêm sem qualidade plantadas pelas câmaras municipais em rotundas. São árvores muito feias, porque foram mal podadas, e isso influencia negativamente as pessoas”. Admite que as contenções orçamentais acabem porcondicionar a compra de árvores mais bem cuidadas por parte das autarquias, mas aponta as vantagens desta espécie. Não precisa de água, é muito resistente e até dá frutos.,Designing a garden with ECOSSITEMAS means introducing the concepts of good garden planning to achieve the most practical and aesthetically pleasing results, taking account of the natural environment and eliminating unnecessary water consumption wherever possible.After first contact with Natura and a visit to the garden or site, a plan is prepared to show how the transformation, whether big or small, will be carried out. Using hand sketched layouts and computer

generated plans for every element - such as irrigation, lighting, levelling, planting and unusual features - our multi-lingual staff can explain the works required and agree the desired final effect with the client.An estimate is prepared detailing every plant that will be introduced; the cost of saving and transplanting certain plants where required, and the cost of labour, machinery and extra materials. To present ideas and estimates, a nominal fee is made for complex projects requiring detailed architectural expertise from our in-house designers. For smaller projects, our qualified gardeners can provide free preliminary quotes.A typical project would include the following stages

,Plantas ornamentais e florestais. Árvores de fruto projectos, construção e manutenção de jardins,Projectos e instalação de sistemas de rega ,Calçada, Carvão e lenha, Lagos e cascatas, Materiais de construção, Muros, Pedra decorativa, Relva em tapete ,Serviços, Abate de árvores, Camiões, Escavações, Terraplanagem,Limpeza de terrenos. Terraplanagem e escavações. Aluguer de máquinas. Camiões. Construção civil. Materiais de construção,Pavimentos. Calçada. Pedra regional. Pedra rolada. Lage,Muros. Carvão. Cascas de pinho. Tratamento de palmeiras. ,Limpeza e abate de árvores. Sulipas,Terra,Limpeza de terrenos, terraplanagem e escavações,Aluguer de maquinas,Construção e renovação de jardins,Construção de lagos e cascatas,Construção de muros,Construção Civil,Venda de pedras decorativas,regionais,roladas e lage,de jardim,ECOSSISTEMAS é uma empresa capaz de responder com eficácia a qualquer necessidade no âmbito da construção e manutenção de jardins e espaços verdes. A ECOSSISTEMAS trabalha com um conjunto de fornecedores de materiais para construção de Jardins. Esta empresa não funciona apenas como empreiteira de jardins, mas como consultora de todo o tipo de espaços verdes. Fazemos a Plantas ornamentais e florestais. Árvores de fruto projectos, construção e manutenção de jardins,Projectos e instalação de sistemas de rega ,Calçada, Carvão e lenha, Lagos e cascatas, Materiais de construção, Muros, Pedra decorativa, Relva em tapete ,Serviços, Abate de árvores, Camiões, Escavações, Terraplanagem,Limpeza de terrenos. Terraplanagem e escavações. Aluguer de máquinas. Camiões. Construção civil. Materiais de construção,Pavimentos. Calçada. Pedra regional. Pedra rolada. Lage,Muros. Carvão. Cascas de pinho. Tratamento de palmeiras. ,Limpeza e abate de árvores. Sulipas,Terra,Limpeza de terrenos, terraplanagem e escavações,Aluguer de maquinas,Construção e renovação de jardins,Construção de lagos e cascatas,Construção de muros,Construção Civil,Venda de pedras decorativas,regionais,roladas e lage,de jardim

Airtel Tanzania offers 3GB of 3G mobile phone data usage for 15,000 Tsh (about $10USD) for 7 days. After 4 days if heavy usage, I only managed to use 583 Megabytes as the Airtel 3G network was too slow to consume the full bandwidth allocation. As you can see here, I was on their 2G Edge network most of the time - it was the only reliable connection for my $100 Google IDEOS mobile phone from Safaricom. I mainly used the android phone as a mobile wifi hotspot for my iPhone 4, MacBook, and my colleagues laptop computers and iPads.

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The Homestead site offers a beautiful, park-like setting practically designed for picnics. Dense trees shade grassy areas that make perfect spots for spreading out a picnic blanket and enjoying the sounds of the nearby creek and Fossil Creek's rich variety of birds. Several short paths lead to cattail-lined pools and wading areas along the creek. There's no end of scenery with delightful water features and canyon views.

As the name suggests, this area, until 1990, was the site of a working homestead. The only remaining evidence of the property is a rock root cellar and several sections of water pipe. Remnants of an old orchard are also evident in four pomegranate trees and a fig tree. This is an excellent area for bird and wildlife viewing.

This photo was taken in early spring, just as trees were starting to bud. As the weather warms, the riparian area along Fossil Creek Wild and Scenic River becomes lush with thick greenery. Photo taken by Deborah Lee Soltesz, February 2017. Credit USFS Coconino National Forest.

Learn more about visiting Fossil Creek Wild and Scenic River managed by the Coconino National Forest.

Offer on them or Thursday night I'm using then for practice

Fuji X-Pro1 + Fujinon XF 35/1.4

Top Hills ~ Situated 2,000 feet above sea level on the cool hills of Busay, it is an excellent sight seeing spot which offers breathtaking views of Metro Cebu and the islands of Mactan and Olango. Open kiosks are available for daytime picnics at the summit of this viewpoint. The City of Cebu is the capital city of Cebu and is the second city in the Philippines with the second most significant metropolitan centre and known as the oldest Spanish settlement in the country. The city is located on the eastern shore of Cebu and was the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines. Cebu is the Philippines' main domestic shipping port and is home to about 80% of the country's domestic shipping companies. Cebu also holds the second largest international flights in the Philippines and is a significant centre of commerce, trade and industry in the Visayas and Mindanao regions. Cebu City is the centre of a metropolitan area called Metro Cebu, which includes the cities of Carcar, Danao, Lapu-lapu, Mandaue, Naga, Talisay. Metro Cebu has a total population of about two million people. The Mactan-Cebu International Airport, located in Lapu-Lapu City is only a 20 minute drive away from Cebu City. To the northeast of the city is Mandaue City and the town of Consolacion, to the west is Toledo City, the towns of Balamban and Asturias, to the south is Talisay City and the town of Minglanilla. Across Mactan Strait to the east is Mactan Island where Lapu-Lapu City and an aquarium attraction are located.

The Cebu Provincial Capitol is dramatically positioned at the end of a grand perspective of a new avenue ( Osmeña Boulevard ) as conceived by William E. Parsons in his 1912 plan of Cebu, in the lines of the City Beautiful Movement. The building follows an H-shaped plan, one side opening to the terminus of Osmeña Boulevard. The main block or corps de logis, three stories high, is flanked by two secondary wings, symmetrically advancing to embrace a rectangular, elevated cour d'honneur that serves as an entrance podium. The elevation of the corps de logis is of typical neoclassical formula: a rusticated ground floor, containing minor rooms and offices, the piano nobile above, with the most important spaces, and finally the attic story. A heavy cornice and parapet caps the façade, with allegorical statues standing by its corners. The most distinctive part of the façade is the central concave pavilion, which creates the semi-circular main balcony and pulls together the entire mass, finally crowned by an austere dome upon an octagonal drum.

The piano nobile is reached by two staircases from the ground floor foyer. The first space, the art deco rotunda below the cupola, opens to the south the main balcony that faces Osmeña Boulevard, and to its north the ballroom (social hall). Two-stories high with full-length windows, the ballroom, also in art deco style, is reminiscent of a fairytale setting. Two enormous chandeliers fashioned in crystal and local capiz shells ( placuna placenta ) light the grand space

Cebu City is a significant cultural centre in the Philippines. The imprint of Spanish and Roman Catholic culture is evident. The city's most famous landmark is Magellan's Cross. A few steps away from the Magellan's Cross is the Basilica Minore del Santo Nino (Church of the Holy Child). This is a Augustinian church elevated to the rank of Basilica in 1965 during the 400th year celebrations of Christianity in the Philippines, held in Cebu. The church, which was the first to be established in the islands, is built of hewn stone and features the country's oldest relic, the figure of the Santo Niño de Cebú ( Holy Child of Cebu ). This religious event is celebrated during the island's cultural festivities known as the Sinulog festival. Held every third Sunday of January, it celebrates the festival of the Santo Nino, who was formerly considered to be the patron saint of Cebu. (This patronage was later changed to that of Our Lady of Guadalupe after it was realised that the St. Niño could not be a patron saint because he was an image of the Christ and not a saint.) The Sinulog is a dance ritual of pre-Hispanic indigenous origin. The dancer moves two steps forward and one step backward to the rhythmic sound of drums. This movement resembles somewhat the current (sulog) of the river. Thus, the Cebuanos called it Sinulog.

When the Spaniards arrived in Cebu, the Italian chronicler, Antonio Pigafetta, sailing under convoy with the Magellan expedition, offered a baptismal gift to Hara Amihan, wife of Rajah Humabon. She was later named Juana, the figure of the Santo Nino. The natives also honoured the Santo Niño de Cebu in their indigenous Sinulog ritual[citation needed]. The Sinulog ritual was preserved but limited to honouring the Santo Nino. Once the Santo Niño church was built in the 16th century, the Christian Malay people started performing the Sinulog ritual in front of the church, the devotees offering candles and indigenous dancers shouting ~ Viva Pit Senor!

Magellan's Cross is a Christian cross planted by Portuguese, and Spanish explorers as ordered by Ferdinand Magellan on arriving in Cebu in the Philippines around April 14 or 21, 1521. This cross is housed in a chapel next to the Basilica Minore del Santo Niño on Magallanes Street ( Magallanes being the Spanish name of Magellan ), just in front of the city centre of Cebu City. A sign below the cross describes the original cross is encased inside the wooden cross that is found in the centre of the chapel. This is to protect the original cross from people who chipped away parts of the cross for souvenir purposes or in the belief that the cross possesses miraculous powers. Some people, however, believe that the original cross had been destroyed or had disappeared after Magellan's death, and the cross is a replica that was planted there by the Spaniards after they successfully colonized the Philippines.

The history is that when Ferdinand Magellan first arrived in Cebu on 21 April 1521 he erected a cross in Cebu. The cross there today is not the original. Magellan's Cross is one symbol of Cebu. This chapel's image can be found in Cebu city seal. It is also seen as the symbol of Roman Catholicism in the Philippines. Magellan and his crew were the first Europeans to arrive in the Philippines. They made the first conversions to Catholicism when they converted Rajah Humabon, the local chief, his wife and hundreds of his Cebuano villagers to accept Christianity and be consequently baptized. At the same time Magellan left in Cebu the Santo Nino de Cebu [ holy child of Cebu ] a doll figure made in Europe in the 16th Century representing Jesus Christ as a child. This doll was rediscovered some 45 years later the return to Cebu of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi who came back to Cebu on the order of King Phillip of Spain to make Cebu the first centre of the new Spanish Colony in Asia, called Las Islas Filipinas. This doll also plays an important function in the religious life of millions of people as explained here.

ECOSISTEMAS Services is the only owner-operated

and supervised specialist arboricultural company

serving the whole of the Algarve .

With over 20 years experience in the tree care

industry, we are able to offer a wide range of

arboricultural services.

From simple pruning jobs to major crown reduction

and felling work through to stump grinding, we are

fully equipped with professional machinery and

qualified, experienced staff in order to provide you

or your clients with a quality service.

.

Telephone or e-mail for a consultancy to examine the best proposals and ideas for the treatment of your trees. ecossistemas é a única firma especializada em Arboricultura dirigida e operada pelo próprio dono na região do Algarve.

Com mais de 20 anos de experiência na indústria de cuidados de árvores, podemos oferecer uma larga gama de serviços em arboriculturas.

Da poda simples, redução extensiva da coroa, cortagem, e até trituração de resíduos verdes, estamos bem equipados com maquinaria profissional, pessoal qualificados e experiente para oferecer ao Sr. ou aos seus clientes um serviço de qualidade.

Telefone ou escreva um e-mail para uma visita de consulta sem compromisso para examinar as melhores propostas ou ideias no tratamento das suas árvores.

arvores .centro de Jardinagem,projectos de jardins ,arqitectura paisagistica algarve ,garden centre algarve Inspection

We can advise how best to care

for your trees, determining what

is necessary to maintain or improve

the health, appearance and safety.

We issue fixed-price quotations,

not estimates, for any required work.

Brushwood Chipper Service

All prunings are cleared using

heavy-duty wood chippers in order

that the work areas are left in a neat and tidy condition.

These machines, with an operator are

available for hire at an hourly r

Felling and Dismantling

If it is necessary or desirable to remove

a tree, we have the equipment and expertise to dismantle it safely. We specialise in the removal of trees from awkward areas such

as adjacent to swimming pools and buildings or when they are in close proximity to overhead cables.

Abates e Desmontagens

Stump Grinding

After felling, our clients can choose to have

the tree stump removed by us using

professional stump grinding machinery.

Or if you have unsightly stumps from

previously felled trees, we can grind

them out and reinstate your lawn.

Remoção dos Tocos

Specialist Pruning including Fruit Trees

With over 20 years experience, we have

the expertise and equipment to carry out

all aspects of tree pruning, particularly where technical knowledge is required in order to maximise crop production or improve the health and appearance.

Poda Especializado

Tree-Pest Treatment ,Control Diseases especialized team for control and detection of diseases or plague, which can be detected in every kind of plants in your garden.

If you need further information, contact us! (Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus)Pine Trees Caterpillar

The annual infestation of Pine Trees (Pinus Pinea) by the processionary caterpillar begins to take effect in the end of summer.

This pest, which is found mainly in Mediterranean and Atlantic regions, causes extreme damage to the pine trees and also worrying skin irritations on humans and animals.

ECOSSISTEMAS has devised a biological product composed of bacteria, “Bacillus Thuringiensis”, which has no toxicity to people and the environment.

It is advisable that this treatment is initiated in the autumn to prevent the caterpillar from hatching in January and causing maximum damage.

If you are interested in treating your pine trees then please do not hesitate to contact us.Red Palm Weevil

A phyto-sanitary team from ECOVIVEIROS Garden Centre, was called out after concerns from a worried client that their majestic palm tree (a Phoenix Canariensis, 8mtrs tall), was showing extreme signs of wilting and distress. On examination, it was discovered to be slowly dying due to an infestation of Red Palm Weevil (Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus), an extremely preoccupying situation, as this shows that this pest which originated in India in 1891, and has over the last two centuries, been found in Egypt, Arabian Gulf countries, Spain (2004) has now arrived to Portugal, most notably, Albufeira and Silves area in the Algarve.

The Red Palm Weevil is the most dangerous and deadly pest of Date, Coconut, Oil, Sago and other Palms. There is no cure, only prevention.

Until the 1970´s, the pest was found only in the tropics.

Since then it has destroyed the following:

1984 - Arabian Emirates – 200,000 palms

1987 - Saudi Arabia – 200,000 palms

1993 - Egypt – 270,000 palms

1995 - Malaga – 2000 palms

2004 - Valencia – 220 palms

This is an extremely worrying situation, as a large proportion of this insect arriving to the European continent is due to the importation of palm trees from Egypt, where 22 out of 26 regions of the country are affected by the red palm weevil. In Spain, in 2004, an embargo was declared, prohibiting the sale of Valencian palm trees, which is the capital of Palm tree production in Europe.

The transport of palms from already infected areas has contributed to the spread of this pest. Strict quarantine at international and national levels should be applied.

The weevil, of which in adult stage can be recognised by its very reddish, orange colour, commences flight when temperatures reach between 25º - 40º. It dislikes light, therefore it is difficult to detect, as it buries itself into the interior of the palm tree, where the female then lays between 200 – 300 eggs, which are the size of a grain of rice.

All stages (life cycle) are spent inside the palm. After the female lays the eggs, they hatch in 2-5 days into larvae (1.4cms in length), which then feed on the soft interior tissues of the palm. This larval period varies between 1-3 months, where the larvae then pupate inside an oval, cylindrical cocoon, made from fibrous strands, and dark brown in colour. After about 14 – 21 days, the adult weevil emerges.

There is no effective biological cure for this pest. The best method is preventative. The crowns of palm trees should be cleaned regularly, to prevent the accumulation of dead and decaying leaves. Avoid cuts and injuries to the palm. When cutting green leaves, cut them about 120cm away from the base. All dead palms or palms beyond recovery should be cut and burned to eradicate the pest inside.

The weevils can also be trapped by luring them into a trap bucket called a “Saudi Trap.” This is a 15lt bucket with sturdy walls with a 4cm diameter opening which contains a 5cm solution of water, sugar and a carbolic based insecticide and pieces of palm stem. This is then fixed to the trunk of the palm about 1.5m from the base. This pest is extremely difficult to detect without a thorough examination of the tree. We can be alerted to its presence by a sad, wilting appearance of the palm and new leaves showing a reddish colour.

have a team on hand to deal with all enquiries, and have already alerted the Ministry of Agriculture, where they are working in close conjunction to devise a plan on the controlling of this pest.

during the Summer of 1991. It is currently being renewed and modernized to keep up with an expanding and competitive market. produces most of the plants for sale in its garden center. Other than ornamental shrubs, ornamental trees, a wide variety of fruit trees, annuals, indoor plants, cacti, tropical plants, palm trees, rosebushes, seasonal plants, climbers and others, we also market compost for pots and garden, pine bark, peats and organic as well as specific chemical fertilizers, plastic, glazed and terracota pots.este viveiro passou a fazer parte da durante o Verão de 1991. Neste momento está a ser renovado e modernizado para poder dar resposta a um mercado competitivo e em expansão. produz a maior parte das plantas à venda no seu garden center. Para além de arbustos e árvores ornamentais, uma grande variedade de árvores de fruto, anuais, plantas de interior, cactos, plantas tropicais, palmeiras, roseiras, plantas de época, trepadeiras e outras, também comercializamos composto para vasos e jardim, casca de pinheiro, turfas, fertilizantes químicos e naturais, e vasos de terracota e plástico.

SCHEDULEHORÁRIO

Monday to Friday: Open from 8am to 1pm and from 2pm to 6pm. Closed on Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays. Segunda a Sexta: Aberto das 8h00 às 13h00 e das 14h00 às 18h00. Encerrado Sábado, Domingo e Feriados.

Ecossistemas leads the market in garden maintenance and garden services. Skilled gardeners with all the the necessary tools for professional work offer you a wide range of services always with outstanding results. Our regular garden maintenance costumers benefit from a weekly gardening service on a fixed schedule - every week the job gets done on the same day at the same time. Other casual garden services can be scheduled in advance. A ecossistemas lidera o mercado em manutenção de jardim e serviços de jardinagem. Jardineiros profissionais munidos com todas a ferramentas necessárias oferecem-lhe um vasto leque de serviços sempre com os melhores resultados. Os nossos clientes habituais beneficiam de uma manutenção de jardim semanal num horário fixo - todas as semanas os serviços são prestados no mesmo dia à mesma hora. Outros serviços de jardinagem casuais podem ser marcados com antecedência.

SOME OF OUR SERVICES INCLUDE:ALGUNS DOS NOSSOS SERVIÇOS INCLUEM:

•Palm tree treatment against Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Red Palm Weevil)

•Pine tree treatment against Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Pine Processionary)

•Lawn treatment against Spodoptera cilium (Lawn Caterpillar) and other lawn pests/diseases

•Lawn verticut

•Pruning or removal of big trees or palm trees

•Irrigation system revision

arvores .centro de jardinagem, projectos de jardins

arqitectura paisagistica algarve ,garden centre algarve

•Tratamento de palmeiras contra Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Escaravelho da Palmeira)

•Tratamento de pinheiros contra Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Processionária do Pinheiro)

•Tratamento de relvados contra Spodoptera cilium (Lagarta da Relva) e outras pragas/doenças

•Escarificação de relvados

•Poda ou remoção de árvores ou palmeiras de grandes dimensões

•Revisão de sistemas de rega

,ECOSSISTEMAS e oLIVEIRAS DE PORTUGAL COM A ECOVIVEIROOS pela sua actividade. O proprietário dos conhecidos viveiros ECOSSISTEMAS tem vindo a ganhar crescente notoriedade, por força do seu profissionalismo e pela forma apaixonada como defende as suas causas..E a mais importante de todas é, sem dúvida, a preservação das oliveiras portuguesas, consideradas por OLIVEIRAS DE PORTUGAL como uma das “espécies mais fantásticas da paisagem mediterrânica”. Lamenta que esta árvore não esteja protegida pela legislação nacional e seja, hoje em dia, preterida nos jardins portugueses por palmeiras ou buganvílias, estranhas ao nosso ambiente natural e que necessitam, inclusive, de mais manutenção e grandes quantidades de água.E a que se deve este desencanto por uma das árvores seculares da nossaflora. ECOSSISTMAS aponta, por um lado, a mentalidade das pessoas, rendidas às espécies exóticas, e por outro o desleixo com que as árvores autóctones – de que as oliveiras fazem parte - são tratadas. O trabalho é mal feito desde o início, a árvore não é bem trabalhada”, observa. “Há muitos particulares que desistem de comprar oliveiras,porque as vêm sem qualidade plantadas pelas câmaras municipais em rotundas. São árvores muito feias, porque foram mal podadas, e isso influencia negativamente as pessoas”. Admite que as contenções orçamentais acabem porcondicionar a compra de árvores mais bem cuidadas por parte das autarquias, mas aponta as vantagens desta espécie. Não precisa de água, é muito resistente e até dá frutos.,Designing a garden with ECOSSITEMAS means introducing the concepts of good garden planning to achieve the most practical and aesthetically pleasing results, taking account of the natural environment and eliminating unnecessary water consumption wherever possible.After first contact with Natura and a visit to the garden or site, a plan is prepared to show how the transformation, whether big or small, will be carried out. Using hand sketched layouts and computer

generated plans for every element - such as irrigation, lighting, levelling, planting and unusual features - our multi-lingual staff can explain the works required and agree the desired final effect with the client.An estimate is prepared detailing every plant that will be introduced; the cost of saving and transplanting certain plants where required, and the cost of labour, machinery and extra materials. To present ideas and estimates, a nominal fee is made for complex projects requiring detailed architectural expertise from our in-house designers. For smaller projects, our qualified gardeners can provide free preliminary quotes.A typical project would include the following stages

,Plantas ornamentais e florestais. Árvores de fruto projectos, construção e manutenção de jardins,Projectos e instalação de sistemas de rega ,Calçada, Carvão e lenha, Lagos e cascatas, Materiais de construção, Muros, Pedra decorativa, Relva em tapete ,Serviços, Abate de árvores, Camiões, Escavações, Terraplanagem,Limpeza de terrenos. Terraplanagem e escavações. Aluguer de máquinas. Camiões. Construção civil. Materiais de construção,Pavimentos. Calçada. Pedra regional. Pedra rolada. Lage,Muros. Carvão. Cascas de pinho. Tratamento de palmeiras. ,Limpeza e abate de árvores. Sulipas,Terra,Limpeza de terrenos, terraplanagem e escavações,Aluguer de maquinas,Construção e renovação de jardins,Construção de lagos e cascatas,Construção de muros,Construção Civil,Venda de pedras decorativas,regionais,roladas e lage,de jardim,ECOSSISTEMAS é uma empresa capaz de responder com eficácia a qualquer necessidade no âmbito da construção e manutenção de jardins e espaços verdes. A ECOSSISTEMAS trabalha com um conjunto de fornecedores de materiais para construção de Jardins. Esta empresa não funciona apenas como empreiteira de jardins, mas como consultora de todo o tipo de espaços verdes. Fazemos a Plantas ornamentais e florestais. Árvores de fruto projectos, construção e manutenção de jardins,Projectos e instalação de sistemas de rega ,Calçada, Carvão e lenha, Lagos e cascatas, Materiais de construção, Muros, Pedra decorativa, Relva em tapete ,Serviços, Abate de árvores, Camiões, Escavações, Terraplanagem,Limpeza de terrenos. Terraplanagem e escavações. Aluguer de máquinas. Camiões. Construção civil. Materiais de construção,Pavimentos. Calçada. Pedra regional. Pedra rolada. Lage,Muros. Carvão. Cascas de pinho. Tratamento de palmeiras. ,Limpeza e abate de árvores. Sulipas,Terra,Limpeza de terrenos, terraplanagem e escavações,Aluguer de maquinas,Construção e renovação de jardins,Construção de lagos e cascatas,Construção de muros,Construção Civil,Venda de pedras decorativas,regionais,roladas e lage,de jardim

All images available for licensing via me. I offer commercial and editorial pet photography on a commissioned basis. And with a pet picture database with thousands of hand-picked images of dogs, cats, as well as horses, I might already have what you are looking for. All pictures here can be licensed.

For licensing and commission requests: info{at}elkevogelsang.com -

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The Alexandra Hotel was the first local buildings to offer a reading room as an early library before the Alexandra Library was opened as part of the Mechanic’s Institute in 1883. The Alexandra Hotel was also the meeting place for the early Roads Board.

The current 1903 Alexandra structure, which enveloped the older brick structure, is built on the corner of the busy thoroughfares of Grant and Downey Streets on a rather awkwardly shaped block. Yet it is part of the historical heart of the north eastern Victorian country town. Built of locally made bricks, the Alexandra Hotel is designed in the typical style of public bars and hotels popular in Australia at that time. It features a double storey L-shaped pillared verandah with ornate cast iron fretwork on the upper balcony. The older part of the building still features glass panes that have been hand painted with geometric patterns to imitate stained glass with leadlight panels. Around the front door to the lounge, real Art Nouveau stained glass featuring stylised tulips may be found, along with an impressive lunette above the door. The whole Grant and Downey Street facades are painted white with brickwork picked out in black.

This fine old Hotel underwent refurbishment during 2007 and 2008 and features a public bar, function room, dining room, and accommodation for up to fifteen guests.

Alexandra is a town in Victoria, Australia. It is located at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway (B340) and Maroondah Highway (B360), 26 kilometres west of Eildon. The town was settled in the late 1860s, with a Post Office opening on 15 March 1867 (known until 24 April 1867) as Redgate. The town was originally known as Redgate, or Red Gate Diggings. The current name either derives from Alexandra of Denmark (Queen’s Consort to King Edward VII of England) when given a stature of her to the shire; or from three men named Alexander (Alesander, McGregor, Alexander Don, and Alexander Luckie) who discovered gold in the area in 1866. Charles Jones born Herefordshire also discovered Gold on the Luckie Mine in 1866. He bought a Hotel with John Henry Osborne and was the proprietor of the New York and London Hotel Grant Street Alexandra. The railway to Alexandra arrived in the town via Yea from Tallarook in 1909, and closed on November 18, 1978. The Rubicon Tramway connected Alexandra with the village of Rubicon, at the junction of the Rubicon and Royston Rivers. Today many tourists pass through Alexandra on their way to the Mount Buller ski resort from Melbourne. The town contains the Timber Tramway and Museum (located at the Alexandra Railway Station), and the National Trust classified post office and law courts. There is a local market on the second Saturday of each month from September to May, an annual art show at Easter, an agricultural show and rose festival in November, and the annual Truck, Rod and Ute Show in June.

In the early part of 2011 I had the chance to visit Crich Tramway Village. Its some where I had been many years as a young boy and lets face it a local mecca to those with a lens :)

These are the few shots that made it from that day to give a flavour of whats on offer. I fully intend to go back later in the year but this time on a family trip rather than a tog day out.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crich

Crich (pronounced /ˈkraɪtʃ/ ( listen), with a long I) is a village in Derbyshire in England. It is the home of the National Tramway Museum inside the Crich Tramway Village, and at the summit of Crich Hill above, a Memorial Tower for those of the Sherwood Foresters regiment who died in battle, particularly in World War I.

Built in 1923 on the location of an older tower called Crich Stand, the Memorial Tower is the destination of an annual pilgrimage on the first Sunday in July. Set 1,000 feet above sea level, it has 52 steps to the top, from which eight counties can be seen, including landmarks such as the Humber Bridge and Lincoln Cathedral.

In 1009 Æþelræd Unræd (King Ethelred the Unready) signed a charter at the Great Council which recognised the position and boundaries of Weston-on-Trent and several other manors including Crich.[2] The charter shows that Weston controlled the nearby crossings of the Trent. The land was listed as eight hides at Weston upon Trent, and a hide at Crich, Morley, Smalley, Ingleby and Kidsley. This land was then given to Morcar, the King's chief minister, and he was unusually given rights that were normally reserved for the King alone. He was given the responsibility for justice and exemption from the Trinoda necessitas, he alone could decide a fate of life or death without the need of the authority of the King or his sheriff. Morcar was given further lands in Derbyshire. Weston (and Crich?) again come under the control of Æþelræd Unræd, when Morcar and his brother were murdered by Eadric in 1015.

A workhouse was opened in 1734 on the edge of Nether Common. It could accommodate 40 inmates, and accepted paupers from other parishes, including Melbourne, Pentrich, Willington, Mercaston and Denby.

Crich was the setting for the ITV drama series Peak Practice (along with Ashover for a time). Crich is home to 'The Briars', a residential youth centre for the Catholic Diocese of Nottingham. It hosts approximately 5000 young people a year from across the East Midlands, working with them on personal, social and spiritual themes. Images of the village also appear in the 2007 film "And When Did You Last See Your Father" starring Colin Firth. In the film Firth is seen riding a motorbike up Chapel Lane.

Geologically, Crich lies on a small inlier of Carboniferous limestone (an outcrop on the edge of the Peak District surrounded by younger Upper Carboniferous rocks).

Quarrying for limestone probably began in Roman times. In 1791 Benjamin Outram and Samuel Beresford bought land for a quarry to supply limestone to their new iron works at Butterley. This became known as Hilt's Quarry, and the stone was transported down a steep wagonway, the Butterley Company Gangroad, to the Cromford Canal at Bullbridge. Near there they also built limekilns for supplying farmers and for the increasing amount of building work. Apart from a period when it was leased to Albert Banks, the quarry and kilns were operated by the Butterley Company until 1933.

Quarrying in the early 1900s

The gangroad, descending some 300 feet in about a mile, was at first worked by gravity, a brakeman "spragging" the wheels of the wagons, which were returned to the summit by horses. However, in 1812 the incline was the scene of a remarkable experiment, when William Brunton, an engineer for the company, produced his Steam Horse locomotive.

In 1840, George Stephenson, in building the North Midland Railway, discovered deposits of coal at Clay Cross and formed what later became the Clay Cross Company. He realised that burning lime would provide a use for the coal slack that would otherwise go to waste. He leased Cliff Quarry and built limekilns at Bullbridge. They were connected by another wagonway including a section known as "The Steep", a 550-yard self-acting incline at a slope of 1 in 5.

Cliff Quarry closed in 1957, although a small amount of limestone extraction still occurs at the western end; it was bought by the Tramway Museum in 1959.

Hilt's Quarry closed in 1933 and is derelict. For 38 years, Rolls-Royce used it for dumping low-level radioactive waste such as enriched uranium, cobalt-60 and carbon-14. Following a campaign and blockades by villagers in the Crich and District Environment Action Group, dumping ceased in 2002. In 2004 the Government backed an Environment Agency document banning further dumping, and Rolls-Royce will be required to restore and landscape the site

Last week, two of my friends offered to take me on a tour of the jewels of Norfolk churches. Despite having lived in either north Suffolk or Norfolk most of my life, back in those days I had no idea about churches, nor half the villages where these jewels can be found, even existed.

First on the list was Salle.

It was a grim, wet and misty morning when Sarah and Richard picked me up at the Catholic Cathedral, and so we made our way against the rush hour traffic whilst Richard tried to keep the windscreen clear as my clothes dried out causing a slight fog in the car.

Ss Peter and Paul seems to be in the middle of nowhere, with just two other buildings keeping it company. Salle was clearly a rich parish back in the day, as it is a huge church, serving the village and the large country house, lost to view behind trees nearby.

It is a church that has something for everyone: font and cover, support arm for font cover, good glass, fine memorials, two hidden chapels, painted screens and carved bosses. And so much more beside.

Here is what my friend Simon has to say. He likes it too.

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During their awesome reign over the other great teams of Europe in the 1970s and 1980s, Liverpool football club placed a huge sign in the changing room corridor, so that it was the last thing visiting teams saw before they walked out on to the pitch: This is ANFIELD, it warned. The name alone was enough to impress. Similarly, the cover of the guidebook here proclaims, in a single word, SALLE. Again, it suffices; the word, pronounced to rhyme with call, stands for the building. Perhaps only the name Blythburgh has the same power in all East Anglia.

St Peter and St Paul is big. This is accentuated by the way in which it stands almost alone in the barley fields, with only a couple of Victorian buildings and a cricket pitch for company. What an idyllic spot! And yet there is an urban quality to the building, as if this was some great city church in the middle of Norwich or Bristol. It went up in the course of the 15th century, a replacement for an earlier building on the same site, broadly contemporary with neighbouring Cawston. While Cawston was largely the work of a single family, here the building benefited from an accident of history; several very wealthy families owned manors and halls in the parish at the same time, and it so happened that the time was the greatest era of rural church building.

Among them were the Boleyns, the Brewes, the Mautebys, the Briggs, the Morleys, the Luces and the Kerdistons, and some of their shields appear above the great west door, along with two mighty censing angels, characteristic of late medieval piety. A steady stream of hefty bequests meant that no expense needed to be spared, and the mighty tower with its vast bell openings was topped with battlements and pinnacles on the very eve of the Reformation.

As at Blythburgh, St Peter and St Paul benefited from the restraint of a late restoration, and the building as we see it now has no external Victorian additions. It is all of a piece. The porches either side are huge affairs, matching the transepts, and give the effect of a vast animal, a dragon perhaps, sprawling with erect head in the Norfolk countryside. Its tail is the chancel, in itself longer and higher than many Norfolk churches. The aisles are tall, austere, parapeted, the Perpendicular windows arcades of glass. In the porches, the vaulted ceilings are studded with bosses; the central one in the north porch depicts Christ in Majesty, sitting on a rainbow in judgement.

You enter the building from the west, an unusual experience in East Anglia, and your first sight is of the seven sacraments font with its tall 15th century canopy, similar to the cover at Cawston. This one is so big it is supported by a crane attached to the ringing gallery under the tower.

The font below is interesting because each panel is supported by an angel holding a symbol of the sacrament above - a pot of chrism oil beneath Baptism, for example. The panels themselves are simply done, and are not particularly characterful, apart from the way that Mary turns away and is comforted at the Crucifixion. This panel faces west, and then anticlockwise are the Mass (viewed sideways, as at nearby Great Witchingham), Ordination (the candidate kneeling), Baptism (a server holds the book up for the Priest to read), Confirmation (the candidate obviously a child), Penance (perhaps the most interesting panel - the penitent kneels in a shriving pew), Matrimony (the couples' hands joined by a stole, she in late 15th century dress) and finally Last Rites (the dying man on the floor under blankets as at Great Witchingham).

You can see all these panels below - click on them to enlarge them. The font step has a dedicatory inscription to John and Agnes Luce, asking for prayers for their souls. We know that John died in 1489. Perhaps the actual fabric of the building was complete by this date.

Beyond the font stretches the vastness of the building, the arcades gathering the eyes and leading them forward to the great east window. The chancel arch is barely there at all, just a simple high opening; but as MR James pointed out, it was never intended to be seen.The sheer bulk of the rood screen dado tells us quite how vast the rood apparatus must have been here, and the arch would have been pretty well hidden. Everything is built to scale; although everything has been cut off above the panels, probably in the late 1540s, the panels themselves are enormous, almost six feet high. As at Cawston, St Gregory, St Jerome, St Ambrose and St Augustine, the four Doctors of the Church, are on the doors. Either side are just two surviving paintings; to the north are Thomas and James, to the south are Philip and Bartholomew. The empty panels are a mystery; the screen stood here for a century before its destruction, so it must have been finished; and the dado seems too high to have been hidden by nave altars. And yet, it has all the appearance of never having been painted.

Because the building is so vast, the surviving medieval glass seems scattered, but there is actually a lot of it and some of it is very significant. Some was moved during the restoration of the early 20th century, when the hideous modern glass in the north transept was installed, and the yellow galley lozenges were thankfully replaced with clear glass in the 1970s. The images in the east window are mainly figures; old kings kneel before young princes, there are armoured men and angels, the remains of a scaly dragon. In the centre at the bottom is a perfect Trinity shield, displayed by an angel looking askance.

Some of the panels are now in the south transept. These include fragments of a set of the orders of angels. A kneeling figure is Thomas Brigg, donor of the transept; the scroll behind him begins Benedicat Virgo, 'Blessed Virgin'. The mother of God sits surrounded by red glory, and two women holding croziers, one of them crowned, may be St Etheldreda and St Hilda. Certainly, the crowned figure holding a cross is St Helena. You can see all these above.

Despite the wonders of the font, the screen and the glass, the great glory of the building for me is the set of bosses that line the roof of the chancel. They are easily missed, being very high, and need a good lens; a couple of my photos did not come out as well as I'd hoped, and so I must go back, as if I needed an excuse. There are nine altogether, the first and last set against the walls at the ends of the roof ridge, and they form a kind of rosary sequence of joyful and glorious mysteries. They start with the Annunciation in the west (see left) and then continue with the Adoration of the Shepherds, the Adoration of the Magi, the Presentation in the Temple, the Entry into Jerusalem, the Last Supper, the Crucifixion, the Resurrection , and the Ascension into Heaven. You can see these last eight in John Salmon's splendid photographs below.

There is a fine set of return stalls in the chancel. Although Salle probably never had a college of Priests, all those Masses for the dead must have provided plenty of employment, because we know that there were seven Priests here at a time when the population of the parish was barely 200. Bench ends include heads, a dragon tied up in a knot, a restored pelican in her piety, and a monkey. The misericord seats feature faces, including one that is quite extraordinary.

Although the roof isn't up to the glory of neighbouring Cawston, it includes lots of original angels and paintwork, including sacred monograms, and around the wallplate part of the Te Deum Laudamus and psalm 150. These particular texts seem to have provided the inspiration for many late 15th century interiors; the angels in the roof, the animals on the bench ends, the Saints on the rood screen all in harmony: Let everything that has breath Praise ye the Lord! The benches are mostly renewed now, but the pulpit is an elegant example of the 15th century, from the time when a priority began to be placed on preaching.

Curiously, it has been rather awkwardly converted into a three-decker arrangement, probably in the 18th century, with the addition of a platform and desk from a set of box pews. A large sounding board has been placed overhead. The box pews suggest that the medieval furnishings were replaced at an early date, although the replacements too have gone now.

Salle is one of those churches full of intriguing little details that might easily pass you by, so great is the wonder of everything around. Those two little corbel heads above the south door, for instance - what were they for? Perhaps they supported an image that could be seen from the north doorway as people entered, although not a St Christopher as the guidebook suggests, I think. There is a pretty piscina in the unfortunate north transept that has been outlined in wood, a memorial and helm above, a tall image bracket in the corner of the wall of the south transept, a floreated piscina nearby.

There are many brasses and brass inlays in the nave floor; one of the most interesting is a chalice brass (although the chalice is now gone) to Simon Boleyn, a Priest, who died in 1489, and to the east of it a pair of brasses to Geoffrey and Alice Boleyn, great-grandparents to Anne Boleyn, second wife of Henry VIII. Another pair of brasses are to Thomas and Katherine Rose and their eight children. Unlike many churches, Salle actually retains some of the 'missing' brasses, now locked away for safety. It would be nice to think they could eventually be reset in the floor.

One part of the building that many visitors must miss is the chapel above the north porch. There is no sign indicating it; but the doorway, at the west end of the north aisle, is always open. Inside, the vaulted roof is punctuated by spectacularly pretty bosses which you can view at close quarters. The colour is a bit fanciful, but they are fascinating, particularly the central boss of the Coronation of the Queen of Heaven - how on earth did that survive the Reformation?

This is a tremendous building, a box of fascinating delights. What purpose does it serve now? As I said in the introduction, its size was not in response to the needs of a congregation, and as far as worship is concerned it will never be full. It remains constantly in use, however; for regular services in the chancel, sometimes for concerts and recordings, but also of course for the poshest sort of wedding, the kind only the Church of England can provide, and no doubt other elements of the core business of CofE PLC. It is easy to be cynical, but if they ensure the survival of the building, then so be it.

Simon Knott, June 2004

www.norfolkchurches.co.uk/salle/salle.htm

Offer tag

sent on 20160516

arrived on 20160608

Alexanderplatz Christmas Market

Weihnachtsmarkt auf dem Alexanderplatz

The whole of Alexanderplatz turns into a massive Christmas market with many small wooden huts during the festive season. Under the shadow of the TV Tower, potters, blacksmiths and glassblowers display their work and Christmas treats, crafts and many more gift ideas are on offer.

The centrepiece of the market is Europe's largest Christmas pyramid with more than 5,000 lights that add a festive glow to the seasonal bustle on Alexanderplatz. Visitors can enjoy a mulled wine and hearty Christmas meals on the ground floor of the pyramid, while the first floor offers a spacious panoramic view of the market and a brass band holds forth on the second floor. The classic top of the pyramid is decorated with carved figures, tirelessly making their rounds.

The rink and the party house stay open until 4 January 2015.

ENAI SWIM offers swimming and survival skills lessons for babies and young children with real results in as little as 4 weeks. Lessonsn offered in Thibodaux and Houma, Louisiana.

www.enaiswim.com

www.facebook.com/enaiswim

www.youtube.com/anakarinaenai

ENAI ofrece clases de natacion y sobrevivencia en el agua a bebes y niños con resultados reales en tan poco como 4 semanas. Las clases las damos en Monterrey, NL, Mexico.

www.enai.com.mx

www.facebook.com/enaimx

www.youtube.com/anakarinaenai

In this wall relief, Rameses II (left), offers incense to the god Amun Ra of Karnak (seated, right). A large cobra wearing the white crown rears between them. Behind it, notice the sloping wavy line, and the wavy line behind Amun Ra. This is a representation of the mountain of Gebel Barkal in Nubia (Sudan).

The Great Temple, Abu Simbel, Egypt

We offer educational opportunities ranging from short term language courses to under and Post Graduate University Courses.We work with students of any age (where practical) from young to the very mature and everything in between.

We especially offer language courses to, all businesses and people, Including, Russian, China, Japanese, French, Spanish ,German, Italian and Arabic.

Language Courses can be combined with other activities too; Horse Riding Golf, Soccer Camps, Business Visits, Scuba Diving, Sailing – even Flamenco, and not just the dance, the whole culture. Maybe you fancy Italian Cooking in Tuscany ? Whatever it is, we have it.

Maybe you’d like to take a group on a short break abroad, experience the culture and learn the language. I can put special bespoke packages together for you.

In terms of education for those aged 18-25, apart from University Course, we can offer business courses, vocational courses and even Pilot school. Some may even like to enrol at a Film academy.

How about the High School experience of a life time ? A year at sea. We offer an onboard education package that allows your child to visit much of the world, either over a 3 month or a full educational year. Learning at Sea, learning not only their normal school curriculum but also valuable life skills such as leadership and team activity. What could be better?

In short no matter what it is, the chances are, I may have been there already, if not I have in excess of a thousand contacts across the world, whom I have personally met over the past 7 years and whom I can arrange anything from telephone interviews to escorted campus tours with.

In every event the best thing to do in the first instance is contact me by email and arrange a brief meeting/telephone call.

Please view our web site at www.studentabroad.co.uk to gain ideas but as you can imagine there are too many opportunities to list.

In short we can offer you:

Business and Language Courses

Summer Camps

University Courses

High School Abroad Opportunities

Vocational and Internship (limited) Opportunities

Fees:

For short term language courses, I am paid by commission directly from the course provider and do not ask any fee from my client.

However, with University Course’s I ask for a one off fee of £500 per student before we start work on finding the placement for the student. None the less that £500 is incredible good value for money, as following advice, I will help you make up to a maximum of three applications and once you start your course, I am there for advice whenever you need it.

What I arrange for you

With short term language courses , I arrange the course, any extra’s like activities, Airport Pick Up’s and Accommodation. I do not arrange travel from the UK such as flights.

I do not arrange jobs or alternative accommodation for long term students.

For high school and university, accommodation where appropriate and course, I do not arrange activities unless it is a special request and essential to the education. I do not act as Guardian, if required I can sign post to a local service.

I can offer support with visa applications but cannot be responsible for approval or otherwise.

My Tip for University

Go to Canada, the East Coast has a low cost of living and a high quality of education based on very British traditions. The life there is great too plus it is only a 5 hour flight, you could not get to London that quickly !

If you’d like to discuss any of this, please contact me.

See my gallery for some images of ‘student’ life abroad

See my presentation to schools here:

www.slideshare.net/danny2610/study-abroad-for-schools (in Power Point)

www.scribd.com/doc/40223244/Study-Abroad-for-Schools (in pdf)

I look forward to hearing from you

www.educatours.eu

Another of the dodgy real estate rent/ lease offices. Jan/ Feb. 2012

This site offers campsites along the Smith River, at the mouth of Vincent Creek. Peacefully babbling water can be heard from every site. You can camp or picnic--there are barbecue grills, fire pits, and picnic tables at each spot, and there's good swimming to be had under old growth trees. The old fire watch Guard Station still exists on this site.

Find this location at GPS coordinates N43.79253 latitude and W123.77737 longitude.

For latest conditions and how to visit, contact our local Coos Bay District Office:

1300 Airport Lane

North Bend, OR 97459

Phone:541-756-0100

Email:BLM_OR_CB_Mail@blm.gov

Photo: Michael Campbell, BLM

Originally constructed as a stock and irrigation pond, today's 530-acre Chickahominy Reservoir - the main feature of the BLM's Chickahominy Recreation Site - offers exceptional, year-round fishing and seasonal camping in the high desert country of southeastern Oregon.

Located just 98 miles east of Bend and 32 miles west of Burns on U.S. Highway 20, Chickahominy's primary draw is rainbow trout fishing. Since it is a standing body of water, the State of Oregon stocks the Chickahominy annually with coastal rainbow trout. Stocked fish are thought to be unable to escape from these water bodies and therefore not a threat to mix with native stream dwelling trout elsewhere in the watershed.

Although the reservoir was not stocked in 2015 due to poor habitat conditions resulting from the prolonged drought conditions in the region, state officials stocked it with over 2,000 legal-sized rainbow trout in May 2016. The water level does fluctuate with the amount of spring run-of and can be low at times, occasionally affecting the availability of fisheries, so be sure to check-in with the Burns District Office for the latest update.

Fishing may be the site's primary attraction, but it isn't the only one. In the 1960s, members of the Malheur Job Corps Conservation Center constructed a campground onsite, and today visitors can stay at 28 campsites and utilize flush restrooms, covered picnic areas, paved access roads, and a concrete boat ramp for reservoir access.

The campground is designed for visitors using motor homes (up to 40’) and camp trailers and also includes many sites for tent camping.

One word of warning: regardless of the season, strong winds are a common occurrence, so be sure to come prepared.

Constructed in the early 1950s to manage water for irrigation and watering livestock, Chickahominy has grown today to be a popular recreation site with fishing, bird watching, and camping opportunities. Stop by and check it off your Oregon bucket list!

Info:

BLM Burns District Office

28910 Hwy 20 West

Hines, OR 97738

541-573-4400

BLM_OR_BU_Mail@blm.gov

www.blm.gov/visit/chickahominy-recreation-site

thanks to koops08 for the photo

twitter.com/koops08

yfrog.com/gysw7wlj

www.usaraf.army.mil

Army Africa offers opportunity for lessons learned

By Rick Scavetta, U.S. Army Africa

VICENZA, Italy – When U.S. Army Africa staff transformed an airborne infantry headquarters into U.S. Africa Command’s army service component, Lt. Col. Stephen McCroary was taking notes

McCroary, from the U.S. Army’s Center For Army Lessons Learned, spent most of the past nine months focused on how U.S. Army Africa plans and conducts theater security cooperation events – one part of the command’s overall mission to partner with African land forces, strengthen professional military capabilities and promote conditions that lead to security, stability and peace in Africa.

“My focus was looking at how U.S. Army Africa plans and executes military-to military familiarization engagements in Africa,” McCroary said. “This is the only CALL assignment that is looking specifically at lessons learned on the Army service component command level.”

During a 2009 visit to Fort Leavenworth, Kan., U.S. Army Africa’s commander, Maj. Gen William B. Garrett III, suggested that the Army would benefit from a CALL officer at U.S. Army Africa’s headquarters at Caserma Ederle in Vicenza, Italy. In Oct. 2009, U.S. Army Africa became the Army’s newest service component command.

Recently, McCroary reported on U.S. Army Africa’s participation in a U.S. Africa Command planning conference with Senegal, where planners discussed theater security cooperation – familiarization events between the U.S. and Senegal that will strengthen the West African nation’s professional military capacity. His report defines the event under current Army regulation, details what occurred and offers recommendations to make such events better.

McCroary captured key issues during planning for military familiarization events, said Jonathan Ng, a regional engagement officer focused on West and Central Africa.

“As an outside observer, he was able to provide professional insights while extracting information about our planning processes. That allowed us to quickly identify potential ways to improve certain aspects."

McCroary had previously served with the Vicenza-based Southern European Task Force augmentation unit – a U.S. Army Reserve command that supported SETAF’s active duty headquarters, to include Joint Task Force Liberia in 2002, an operation McCroary took part in.

Before returning to Vicenza, McCroary researched the command using the Internet and through conversations with U.S. Army Africa staff, he said.

One of McCroary’s first reports focused on U.S. Army Africa’s public affairs office employing unique tactics to engage the public to include incorporating a social media center into its official website.

“With web technology rapidly changing the way the Army communicates its message, a CALL report on an Army command employing robust social media tools can have significant impact on Army-wide web applications,” said Ed Johnson, U.S. Army Africa’s chief of command information.

More than two dozen CALL officers and noncommissioned officers deploy across the globe to learn more about Army programs and write reports, McCroary said. Much of that collection work has recently focused on operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. One CALL officer is currently collects on Army operations in the Horn of Africa. CALL also sent an officer to report on 18th Airborne Corps operations in Haiti.

Theater observers and analysis teams from CALL collect information and best practices from the Army, plus joint, intergovernmental and multinational operations. The data is then analyzed, integrated into Army guidance and archived – efforts that support progress Army-wide.

In late-March, another CALL officer will replace McCroary to continue collecting information and writing reports that can help the entire Army. New initiatives will look closer at how U.S. Army Africa conducts exercises with its African land force partners.

McCroary’s observations and insights offered staff an omniscient look at its actions during the transformation from the Southern European Task Force to U.S. Army Africa, said Col. Eric Nantz, U.S. Army Africa’s senior operation officer.

“CALL can look from the outside and help us see ourselves from a different perspective,” Nantz said. “This is great opportunity to provide the Army with lessons learned from a transforming organization. By sharing USARAF’s lessons - all ASCCs can learn from our development and hopefully improve their processes and efficiencies.”

More information on the U.S. Army Center For Lesson Learned can be found at: call.army.mil

To learn more about U.S. Army Africa visit our official website at www.usaraf.army.mil

Official Twitter Feed: www.twitter.com/usarmyafrica

Official YouTube video channel: www.youtube.com/usarmyafrica