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Pencil on paper. Digital alterations. Frame added digitally.
Each component was scanned, reduced and contrast enhanced in Paint Shop Pro. Components were assembled and arrows and labels were added in Microsoft Powerpoint.
Published in a review of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT).
Graphic Illustrates the various, identified tumor cellular targets in photodynamic therapy. Although this depicts a tumor cell is is also (little available research) possible that endothelial or immune cells could also be targets within the tumor.
The target is dependent on chemical properties of the photosensitizer used. Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics are both effected by the chemical properties and the final cellular target is a complex interplay between those two factors and others.
Compounds that localize to the cellular membrane or the lysosomes or endosomes are not generally as effective as compounds that localize to the components of the mitochondria. Several electron transport chain, regulatory proteins in the mitochondria have been identified as likely targets. Amphiphilic compounds that localize at the inner intermembrane space of the outer mitochondrial membrane seem to be most effective indicating a role for the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor. In actually it may be wide spread damage to many electron transport proteins that leads to an uncoupling of the electron transport chain and loss of membrane potential. Mitochondrial swelling (well demonstrated to be a critical event in apoptosis) is found to be a hallmark of PDT damage.
DNA intercalating or DNA damaging compounds can be effective. However they are generally cationic in character and do not readily penetrate the membrane. They are also very rapidly cleared cleared through the kidneys. DNA intercalating compounds also exhibit inherent toxicity to all cells whereas cationic or hydrophic compounds are not toxic until they are illuminated, producing short-lived, photocytotoxic species.
My favourite model G posed for the last drawing of February. I liked how tonal and messy this turned out. While I was drawing, we were listening to Bach’s Partita No 1 BWV 1002, being played on a mandolin by Chris Thile, on YouTube. Impressive stuff!
Well done everyone who took part this year. It’s been lovely to see your work. Thanks to everyone who swung by to like and comment on my stuff. You’re a great community.Xx #graphite #graphitdrawing #drawing #linedrawing #tonal #tonaldrawing
Tangles done in the "Zentangle A Day" Book, created by Carole Ohl, CZT. Colored with Derwent Inktense Pencils, Prismacolor Pencils, and fine line pens. Drawn with Micron .01 and .005 pens.
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Used in extension material ‘How to build an improved goat shelter in 10 steps’ as part of imGoats project ‘Small ruminant value chains as platforms for reducing poverty and increasing food security in dryland areas of India and Mozambique’(Illustration credit: ILRI/Birgit Boogaard).
National Gallery Victoria: I developed this style of drawing on my last trip to Israel. I didn't think of myself as an illustrator and I look forward to exploring more this area.
I thought I would have a play with one of my old drawing's in Photoshop. I liked the idea of turning it red, as Bowie seemed to like this particular colour in this period of his life.