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Sculptural decoration
Statue "Bajuware" by Anton Brenek
The facade towards Heroes' Square is decorated with 20 statues of figures of Austrian history, which from 1895 to 1901 after a painting program of Albert Ilg arose (list from left to right):
Johann Scherpe: Marcomanian
Wilhelm Seib: Roman Soldier
Anton Brenek: Bajuware
Carl Kundmann: Evangeliser
Johann Koloc: Slav
Edmund von Hellmer: Frankish Count
Rudolf Weyr: Magyar
Viktor Tilgner: Crusader
Josef Valentin Kassin: Sailor
Stefan Schwartz: Knight
Edmund Hofmann von Aspernburg: Magister
Hugo Haerdtl: Merchant
Emmerich Alexius Swoboda von Wikingen: Citizen
Werner David: Miner
Anton Schmid Gruber: Landsknecht
Franz Koch: Soldier of Wallenstein
Anton Brenek: Pole 1683
Richard Kauffungen: Viennese Citizen in 1683
Anton Paul Wagner: Liberated Peasant
Johann Silbernagl: Man from Tyrol 1809
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History of the Vienna Hofburg
First residence
With the elevation of Austria to Archduchy in 1156, Vienna became a city of residence. From the residence of the Babenberg dynasty, who was located on the present site "Am Hof", unfortunately, there do not exist any remains anymore. After the extinction of the Babenberg, Ottokar II of Bohemia (1230-1278) took over by marriage the rule in Vienna and began in 1275 with the construction of a castle within the city walls of Vienna. This castle was equipped with four towers around a rectangular court that is known as Schweizerhof today. In the battle for the German crown Ottokar was defeated at the Battle of Dürnkrut by Rudolf I of Habsburg (1218-1291) and killed during the retreat.
As the old residence of the Babenberg in 1276 burned down, Rudolf probably 1279 moved into the former castle of Ottokar. The descendants of Rudolf extended the castle only slightly: castle chapel (documentary mention in 1296), St. Augustine's Church (consecrated in 1349), reconstruction of the chapel (1423-1426). Due to the division of the lands of the Habsburg Vienna lost its importance and also lacked the financial resources to expand the castle.
Imperial residence
Under Frederick III. (1415-1493) the Habsburgs obtained the imperial title and Vienna became an imperial residence. But Friedrich and his successors used the Vienna Residence only rarely and so it happened that the imperial residence temporarily orphaned. Only under Ferdinand I (1503-1564) Vienna again became the capital of the Archduchy. Under Ferdinand set in a large construction activity: The three existing wings of the Swiss court were expanded and increased. The defensive wall in the northwest as fourth tract with the Swiss Gate (built in 1552 probably by Pietro Ferrabosco) was rebuilt. In the southwest, a tract for Ferdinand's children (the so-called "children Stöckl") was added. The newly constituted authorities Exchequer and Chancery were located in adjacent buildings at Castle Square. Were added in the castle an art chamber, a hospital, a passage from the castle to St. Augustine's Church and a new ballroom.
First major extensions of the residence
In the area of "desolate church" built Ferdinand from 1559 a solitary residence for his son. However, the construction was delayed, and Maximilian II (1527-1576) after his father's death in 1564 moved into the ancient castle. His residence he for his Spanish horses had converted into a Hofstallgebäude (Stallburg - stables) and increased from 1565 .
Ferdinand I decided to divide his lands to his three sons, which led to a reduction of Vienna as a residence. Moreover, stayed Maximilian II, who was awarded alongside Austria above and below the Enns also Bohemia and Hungary, readily in Prague and he moved also the residence there. In 1575 he decided to build a new building in front of the Swiss court for the royal household of his eldest son, Rudolf II (1552-1612). The 1577 in the style of the late Renaissance completed and in 1610 expanded building, which was significantly fitted with a turret with "welscher hood" and an astronomical clock, but by the governor of the Emperor (Archduke Ernst of Austria) was inhabited. However, the name "Amalienborg Castle" comes from Amalie of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (wife of Joseph I.), which in 1711 there installed her widow seat.
In the late 16th and early 17th Century only a few extensions were carried out: extension of a separate tract in the northeast of the castle for the Treasure and Art chamber (1583-1585) and setting up of a dance hall in the area of today's Redoutensäle (1629-1631).
Under Leopold I the dance hall by Ludovico Burnacini 1659/1660 was rebuilt into an at that time modern theater ("Comedy House"). 1666 Leopold I in the area of today's castle garden a new opera house with three tiers and a capacity of 5,000 people had built.
In the 1660-ies under Leopold I (1640-1705) after the plans of architect Filiberto Lucchese an elongated wing building between the Amalienborg Castle and the Schweizerhof, the so-called Leopoldine Wing, was built. However, since the tract shortly after the completion burned down, this by Giovanni Pietro Tencala was set up newly and increased. Architecturally, this tract still connects to the late Renaissance. The connection with the Amalienborg castle followed then under Leopold's son Joseph I (1678-1711).
After completion of the Leopoldine Wing the in the southeast of castle located riding school was renewed, the south tower of the old castle pulled down, the old sacristy of the chapel replaced by an extension. Under Charles VI. (1685-1740) the Gateway Building between cabbage market (Kohlmarkt) and Courtyard by Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt was transformed into a monumental triumphal arch as a representative sign of the imperial power. However, this construction does not exist anymore, it had to give way to the Michael tract.
Baroque redesign of the Hofburg
In the early 18th Century set in a buoyant construction activity. The emperor commissioned Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach with the construction of new stables outside the city walls and a new court library.
After the death of Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach, his son Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach took over the construction management for the stables and the court library. 1725 the palatial front of the stables was completed. As already during the construction period has been established that the stables were dimensioned too small, the other wings were not realized anymore. The with frescoes by Daniel Gran and statues of Emperors by Paul Strudel equipped Court Library was completed in 1737.
Opposite the Leopoldine Wing a new Reich Chancellery should be built. 1723 was entrusted with the planning Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt. 1726, however, the supervision the Reich Chancellery was withdrawn and transferred to the Chancery and thus Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach, who also designed the adjacent Court Chamber and the front to St. Michael's Church. 1728 the Court Chamber and the facade of the two buildings were completed. By Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach was also the Michaelertrakt, the connection between the Winter Riding School and the Imperial Chancellery Wing planned. However, since the old Burgtheater the building was in the path, this was half done for a period of 150 years and was only completed in 1889-1893 by Ferdinand Kirschner .
Under Maria Theresia (1717-1780) the at St. Michael's Square located and only as remnants existing Ballhaus was adapted as a court theater. Beside the Emperor hospital in return a new ball house was built, being eponymous for the Ballhausplatz. Subsequently, there occured again and again conversions and adaptations: reconstruction of the comedy hall according to the plans of Jean Nicolas Jadot into two ballrooms, the small and large ball room (1744-1748). The transformation of the two halls (from 1760), repair of the Court Library, and from 1769 onwards the design of the Josephsplatz took place under Joseph Nicolas of Pacassi. These buildings were completed by the successor of Pacassi Franz Anton Hillebrandt. As an extension for the Court Library in the southeast the Augustinian tract was built.
Other structural measures under Maria Theresia: establishment of the court pharmacy into the Stallburg, relocation of the in the Stallburg housed art collection into the Upper Belvedere, razing of the two remaining towers of the old castle, the construction of two stairways (the ambassador stairway and the column stairways (Botschafter- and Säulenstiege).
Extensions in the 19th Century and early 20th century
Francis II (1768-1835) gave Duke Albert of Saxe-Teschen and his wife Marie Christine (daughter of Maria Theresa) the Palais Tarouca south of the Augustinian monastery. From 1800 this was remodeled by Louis Montoyer and extended by a wing building to today's Albertina.
1804, Francis II proclaimed the hereditary Empire of Austria and was, consequently, as Franz I the first Emperor of Austria. With the by Napoleon Bonaparte provoked abdication of the emperor in 1806 ended the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation.
1809 part of the old bastions was blown up at the castle in consequence of the war with Napoleon, and after it blazed. Towards today's ring road, then new outworks were created (the so-called Hornwerkskurtine and the Escarpen). In the early 20-ies of the 19th Century were layed out three gardens: the private imperial castle garden with two of Louis Remy planned steel/glass- constructed greenhouses, Heroes Square (Heldenplatz) with avenues and the People's garden (Volksgarten) with the Theseus Temple (Pietro Nobile). At the same time, emerged also the new, 1821 by Luigi Cagnola began and 1824 by Pietro Nobile completed outer castle gate.
1846 was built a monumental memorial to Francis I in Inner Castle Square. In the turmoil of the 1848 revolution the Stallburg was stormed and fought fiercely at the outer castle square and the castle gate. As a result, the roof of the court library burned. The political consequences of the revolution were the abdication of Emperor Ferdinand I (1793-1875), the dismissal of the dreaded Chancellor Clemens Lothar Fürst Metternich and the enthronement of Ferdinand's nephew Franz Joseph.
In the first years of the reign of Emperor Franz Joseph I (1830-1916) the royal stables of Leopold Mayer have been redesigned and expanded. As part of the expansion of the city, the city walls were razed and instead of the fortifications arose place for a magnificent boulevard, the Ringstrasse. 1862, the idea of an Imperial Forum by architect Ludwig Förster was born. On the surface between the Hofburg and the Imperial Stables should arise court museums (Museum of Art History and Museum of Natural History).
At the outer Castle Square (today's Heldenplatz) were in the 60-ies of the 19th Century the by Anton Dominik Fernkorn created equestrian statues of Archduke Charles (victor over Napoleon at the Battle of Aspern) and Prince Eugene of Savoy (victor over the Turks in several battles) set up.
After an unsuccessful architectural competition on the design of the Heroes' Square area in 1869 Gottfried Semper could be won. This led to the involuntary and not frictionless collaboration with Carl Freiherr von Hasenauer. Planned was a two-wing complex beyond the ring road, with the two flanking twin museums (Art and Natural History Museum) and the old stables as a conclusion. 1871 was began with the Erdaushebungen (excavations) for the museums. 1889, the Museum of Natural History was opened, and in 1891, the Museum of Art History.
On a watercolor from 1873 by Rudolf Ritter von Alt (1812 - 1905) an overall view of the Imperial Forum is shown.
1888, the Old Court Theatre at St. Michael's Square was demolished, as the new KK Court Theatre (today's Burgtheater), built by Gottfried Semper and Carl Freiherr von Hasenauer, was finished. The since 150 years existing construction site at St. Michael's Square could be completed. The roundel got a dome, the concave curved Michaelertrakt was finalized by Ferdinand Kirschner. The once by Lorenzo Mattielli created cycle of statues on the facade of the Reich Chancellery was continued with four other "deeds of Hercules' at he side of the passage arches. 1893, the Hofburg had finally got its ostentatious show facade.
1901, the old greenhouses were demolished and replaced by an orangery with Art Nouveau elements according to plans by Friedrich Ohmann (completed in 1910). In 1907, the Corps de Logis, which forms the end of the Neue Burg, is completed. Since Emperor Franz Joseph I in budding 20th Century no longer was interested in lengthy construction projects and the heir to the throne Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este (1863-1914) was against the establishment of a throne hall building, but was in favour for the construction of a smaller ballroom tract, the implementation of the second wing was dropped. After the assassination of Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este in Sarajevo, the First World War broke out. Franz Joseph I died in 1916. A great-nephew of Franz Joseph I, Charles I (1887-1922), succeeded to the throne, however, he held only two years. The end of the First World War also meant the end of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. On 11 November 1918 the First Republic was proclaimed. As Karl although renounced to government business, but not to the throne, he had to go into exile with his family.
The Imperial Palace in the 20th century
The interior design of the ballroom tract and the Neue Burg continued despite the end of the monarchy until 1926. By the end of the monarchy, many of the buildings lost their purpose. Furthermore used or operated was the Riding School. The stables were used from 1921 as an exhibition site of the Vienna Fair ("Fair Palace"). In 1928, the Corps de Logis, the Museum of Ethnology, until then part of the Natural History Museum, opened. In 1935 the collection of weapons (Court, Hunting and Armour Chamber) of the Kunsthistorisches Museum (Museum of Art History) came in the Neue Burg.
1933/1934 the outer castle gate by Rudolf Wondracek was transformed into the hero monument to the victims of the First World War. 1935 emerged on the left and on the right of the castle gate the pylon portals with eagle sculptures by William Frass. In March 1938, the Heroes Square and the balcony of the Neue Burg gained notoriety after Adolf Hitler to the cheering crowd at the Heldenplatz announced the annexation of Austria to the German Reich. The Nazis were planning a redesign of the Heroes' Square to a paved parade and ceremony space. The plans were not realized since 1943 a fire pond at Heldenplatz was dredged and the place was later used for agriculture. In the Trade Fair Palace during the period of Nazism propaganda events were held.
During the war, the Hofburg (Imperial Stables, St. Augustine's Church, Albertina, the official building of the Federal President, the current building of the Federal Chancellery) was severely damaged by bombing: The first President of the Second Republic, Dr. Karl Renner, in 1946 the Office of the President moved into the Leopoldine Wing (in the former living quarters of Maria Theresa and Joseph II).
During the occupation time the seat of the Inter-Allied Commission was housed in the Neue Burg.
1946 first events were held in the Exhibition Palace again, and were built two large halls in the main courtyard of the Exhibition Palace. In the course of the reconstruction war damages were disposed and the Imperial Palace was repaired, the barn castle (Stallburg) erected again. In 1958, in the ballroom wing the convention center has been set up.
1962-1966 the modern Library of the Austrian National Library is housed in the Neue Burg.
1989 emerged for the first time the notion of a "Museum Quarter". The museum quarter should include contemporary art and culture. The oversized design by Laurids and Manfred Ortner but was downsized several times after resistance of a citizens' initiative. It was implemented a decade later.
1992 the two Redoutensäle (ball rooms) burned out completely. Yet shortly after the fire was started with reconstruction. The roof was reconstructed and the little ball room (Kleiner Redoutensaal) could be restored. The big ball room, however, was renovated and designed with paintings by Josef Mikl. In 1997 the two halls were reopened.
From 1997-2002 the Museum Quarter (including Kunsthalle Wien, Leopold Collection) was rebuilt and the old building fabric renovated.
Was began in 1999 with the renovation of the Albertina. The by a study building, two exhibit halls and an underground storage vault extended Museum was reopened in 2003. The Albertina ramp was built with an oversized shed roof by Hans Hollein.
In 2006, additional rooms for the convention center were created by the boiler house yard.
(Source: Trenkler, Thomas: "The Hofburg Wien", Vienna, 2004)
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The exploitation rights for this text are the property of the Vienna Tourist Board. This text may be reprinted free of charge until further notice, even partially and in edited form. Forward sample copy to: Vienna Tourist Board, Media Management, Invalidenstraße 6, 1030 Vienna; media.rel@wien.info. All information in this text without guarantee.
Author: Andreas Nierhaus, Curator of Architecture/Wien Museum
Last updated January 2014
Architecture in Vienna
Vienna's 2,000-year history is present in a unique density in the cityscape. The layout of the center dates back to the Roman city and medieval road network. Romanesque and Gothic churches characterize the streets and squares as well as palaces and mansions of the baroque city of residence. The ring road is an expression of the modern city of the 19th century, in the 20th century extensive housing developments set accents in the outer districts. Currently, large-scale urban development measures are implemented; distinctive buildings of international star architects complement the silhouette of the city.
Due to its function as residence of the emperor and European power center, Vienna for centuries stood in the focus of international attention, but it was well aware of that too. As a result, developed an outstanding building culture, and still today on a worldwide scale only a few cities can come up with a comparable density of high-quality architecture. For several years now, Vienna has increased its efforts to connect with its historical highlights and is drawing attention to itself with some spectacular new buildings. The fastest growing city in the German-speaking world today most of all in residential construction is setting standards. Constants of the Viennese architecture are respect for existing structures, the palpability of historical layers and the dialogue between old and new.
Culmination of medieval architecture: the Stephansdom
The oldest architectural landmark of the city is St. Stephen's Cathedral. Under the rule of the Habsburgs, defining the face of the city from the late 13th century until 1918 in a decisive way, the cathedral was upgraded into the sacral monument of the political ambitions of the ruling house. The 1433 completed, 137 meters high southern tower, by the Viennese people affectionately named "Steffl", is a masterpiece of late Gothic architecture in Europe. For decades he was the tallest stone structure in Europe, until today he is the undisputed center of the city.
The baroque residence
Vienna's ascension into the ranks of the great European capitals began in Baroque. Among the most important architects are Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach and Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt. Outside the city walls arose a chain of summer palaces, including the garden Palais Schwarzenberg (1697-1704) as well as the Upper and Lower Belvedere of Prince Eugene of Savoy (1714-22). Among the most important city palaces are the Winter Palace of Prince Eugene (1695-1724, now a branch of the Belvedere) and the Palais Daun-Kinsky (auction house in Kinsky 1713-19). The emperor himself the Hofburg had complemented by buildings such as the Imperial Library (1722-26) and the Winter Riding School (1729-34). More important, however, for the Habsburgs was the foundation of churches and monasteries. Thus arose before the city walls Fischer von Erlach's Karlskirche (1714-39), which with its formal and thematic complex show façade belongs to the major works of European Baroque. In colored interior rooms like that of St. Peter's Church (1701-22), the contemporary efforts for the synthesis of architecture, painting and sculpture becomes visible.
Upgrading into metropolis: the ring road time (Ringstraßenzeit)
Since the Baroque, reflections on extension of the hopelessly overcrowed city were made, but only Emperor Franz Joseph ordered in 1857 the demolition of the fortifications and the connection of the inner city with the suburbs. 1865, the Ring Road was opened. It is as the most important boulevard of Europe an architectural and in terms of urban development achievement of the highest rank. The original building structure is almost completely preserved and thus conveys the authentic image of a metropolis of the 19th century. The public representational buildings speak, reflecting accurately the historicism, by their style: The Greek Antique forms of Theophil Hansen's Parliament (1871-83) stood for democracy, the Renaissance of the by Heinrich Ferstel built University (1873-84) for the flourishing of humanism, the Gothic of the Town Hall (1872-83) by Friedrich Schmidt for the medieval civic pride.
Dominating remained the buildings of the imperial family: Eduard van der Nüll's and August Sicardsburg's Opera House (1863-69), Gottfried Semper's and Carl Hasenauer's Burgtheater (1874-88), their Museum of Art History and Museum of Natural History (1871-91) and the Neue (New) Hofburg (1881-1918 ). At the same time the ring road was the preferred residential area of mostly Jewish haute bourgeoisie. With luxurious palaces the families Ephrussi, Epstein or Todesco made it clear that they had taken over the cultural leadership role in Viennese society. In the framework of the World Exhibition of 1873, the new Vienna presented itself an international audience. At the ring road many hotels were opened, among them the Hotel Imperial and today's Palais Hansen Kempinski.
Laboratory of modernity: Vienna around 1900
Otto Wagner's Postal Savings Bank (1903-06) was one of the last buildings in the Ring road area Otto Wagner's Postal Savings Bank (1903-06), which with it façade, liberated of ornament, and only decorated with "functional" aluminum buttons and the glass banking hall now is one of the icons of modern architecture. Like no other stood Otto Wagner for the dawn into the 20th century: His Metropolitan Railway buildings made the public transport of the city a topic of architecture, the church of the Psychiatric hospital at Steinhofgründe (1904-07) is considered the first modern church.
With his consistent focus on the function of a building ("Something impractical can not be beautiful"), Wagner marked a whole generation of architects and made Vienna the laboratory of modernity: in addition to Joseph Maria Olbrich, the builder of the Secession (1897-98) and Josef Hoffmann, the architect of the at the western outskirts located Purkersdorf Sanatorium (1904) and founder of the Vienna Workshop (Wiener Werkstätte, 1903) is mainly to mention Adolf Loos, with the Loos House at the square Michaelerplatz (1909-11) making architectural history. The extravagant marble cladding of the business zone stands in maximal contrast, derived from the building function, to the unadorned facade above, whereby its "nudity" became even more obvious - a provocation, as well as his culture-critical texts ("Ornament and Crime"), with which he had greatest impact on the architecture of the 20th century. Public contracts Loos remained denied. His major works therefore include villas, apartment facilities and premises as the still in original state preserved Tailor salon Knize at Graben (1910-13) and the restored Loos Bar (1908-09) near the Kärntner Straße (passageway Kärntner Durchgang).
Between the Wars: International Modern Age and social housing
After the collapse of the monarchy in 1918, Vienna became capital of the newly formed small country of Austria. In the heart of the city, the architects Theiss & Jaksch built 1931-32 the first skyscraper in Vienna as an exclusive residential address (Herrengasse - alley 6-8). To combat the housing shortage for the general population, the social democratic city government in a globally unique building program within a few years 60,000 apartments in hundreds of apartment buildings throughout the city area had built, including the famous Karl Marx-Hof by Karl Ehn (1925-30). An alternative to the multi-storey buildings with the 1932 opened International Werkbundsiedlung was presented, which was attended by 31 architects from Austria, Germany, France, Holland and the USA and showed models for affordable housing in greenfield areas. With buildings of Adolf Loos, André Lurçat, Richard Neutra, Gerrit Rietveld, the Werkbundsiedlung, which currently is being restored at great expense, is one of the most important documents of modern architecture in Austria.
Modernism was also expressed in significant Villa buildings: The House Beer (1929-31) by Josef Frank exemplifies the refined Wiener living culture of the interwar period, while the house Stonborough-Wittgenstein (1926-28, today Bulgarian Cultural Institute), built by the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein together with the architect Paul Engelmann for his sister Margarete, by its aesthetic radicalism and mathematical rigor represents a special case within contemporary architecture.
Expulsion, war and reconstruction
After the "Anschluss (Annexation)" to the German Reich in 1938, numerous Jewish builders, architects (female and male ones), who had been largely responsible for the high level of Viennese architecture, have been expelled from Austria. During the Nazi era, Vienna remained largely unaffected by structural transformations, apart from the six flak towers built for air defense of Friedrich Tamms (1942-45), made of solid reinforced concrete which today are present as memorials in the cityscape.
The years after the end of World War II were characterized by the reconstruction of the by bombs heavily damaged city. The architecture of those times was marked by aesthetic pragmatism, but also by the attempt to connect with the period before 1938 and pick up on current international trends. Among the most important buildings of the 1950s are Roland Rainer's City Hall (1952-58), the by Oswald Haerdtl erected Wien Museum at Karlsplatz (1954-59) and the 21er Haus of Karl Schwanzer (1958-62).
The youngsters come
Since the 1960s, a young generation was looking for alternatives to the moderate modernism of the reconstruction years. With visionary designs, conceptual, experimental and above all temporary architectures, interventions and installations, Raimund Abraham, Günther Domenig, Eilfried Huth, Hans Hollein, Walter Pichler and the groups Coop Himmelb(l)au, Haus-Rucker-Co and Missing Link rapidly got international attention. Although for the time being it was more designed than built, was the influence on the postmodern and deconstructivist trends of the 1970s and 1980s also outside Austria great. Hollein's futuristic "Retti" candle shop at Charcoal Market/Kohlmarkt (1964-65) and Domenig's biomorphic building of the Central Savings Bank in Favoriten (10th district of Vienna - 1975-79) are among the earliest examples, later Hollein's Haas-Haus (1985-90), the loft conversion Falkestraße (1987/88) by Coop Himmelb(l)au or Domenig's T Center (2002-04) were added. Especially Domenig, Hollein, Coop Himmelb(l)au and the architects Ortner & Ortner (ancient members of Haus-Rucker-Co) by orders from abroad the new Austrian and Viennese architecture made a fixed international concept.
MuseumQuarter and Gasometer
Since the 1980s, the focus of building in Vienna lies on the compaction of the historic urban fabric that now as urban habitat of high quality no longer is put in question. Among the internationally best known projects is the by Ortner & Ortner planned MuseumsQuartier in the former imperial stables (competition 1987, 1998-2001), which with institutions such as the MUMOK - Museum of Modern Art Foundation Ludwig, the Leopold Museum, the Kunsthalle Wien, the Architecture Center Vienna and the Zoom Children's Museum on a wordwide scale is under the largest cultural complexes. After controversies in the planning phase, here an architectural compromise between old and new has been achieved at the end, whose success as an urban stage with four million visitors (2012) is overwhelming.
The dialogue between old and new, which has to stand on the agenda of building culture of a city that is so strongly influenced by history, also features the reconstruction of the Gasometer in Simmering by Coop Himmelb(l)au, Wilhelm Holzbauer, Jean Nouvel and Manfred Wehdorn (1999-2001). Here was not only created new housing, but also a historical industrial monument reinterpreted into a signal in the urban development area.
New Neighborhood
In recent years, the major railway stations and their surroundings moved into the focus of planning. Here not only necessary infrastructural measures were taken, but at the same time opened up spacious inner-city residential areas and business districts. Among the prestigious projects are included the construction of the new Vienna Central Station, started in 2010 with the surrounding office towers of the Quartier Belvedere and the residential and school buildings of the Midsummer quarter (Sonnwendviertel). Europe's largest wooden tower invites here for a spectacular view to the construction site and the entire city. On the site of the former North Station are currently being built 10,000 homes and 20,000 jobs, on that of the Aspangbahn station is being built at Europe's greatest Passive House settlement "Euro Gate", the area of the North Western Railway Station is expected to be developed from 2020 for living and working. The largest currently under construction residential project but can be found in the north-eastern outskirts, where in Seaside Town Aspern till 2028 living and working space for 40,000 people will be created.
In one of the "green lungs" of Vienna, the Prater, 2013, the WU campus was opened for the largest University of Economics of Europe. Around the central square spectacular buildings of an international architect team from Great Britain, Japan, Spain and Austria are gathered that seem to lead a sometimes very loud conversation about the status quo of contemporary architecture (Hitoshi Abe, BUSarchitektur, Peter Cook, Zaha Hadid, NO MAD Arquitectos, Carme Pinós).
Flying high
International is also the number of architects who have inscribed themselves in the last few years with high-rise buildings in the skyline of Vienna and make St. Stephen's a not always unproblematic competition. Visible from afar is Massimiliano Fuksas' 138 and 127 meters high elegant Twin Tower at Wienerberg (1999-2001). The monolithic, 75-meter-high tower of the Hotel Sofitel at the Danube Canal by Jean Nouvel (2007-10), on the other hand, reacts to the particular urban situation and stages in its top floor new perspectives to the historical center on the other side.
Also at the water stands Dominique Perrault's DC Tower (2010-13) in the Danube City - those high-rise city, in which since the start of construction in 1996, the expansion of the city north of the Danube is condensed symbolically. Even in this environment, the slim and at the same time striking vertically folded tower of Perrault is beyond all known dimensions; from its Sky Bar, from spring 2014 on you are able to enjoy the highest view of Vienna. With 250 meters, the tower is the tallest building of Austria and almost twice as high as the St. Stephen's Cathedral. Vienna, thus, has acquired a new architectural landmark which cannot be overlooked - whether it also has the potential to become a landmark of the new Vienna, only time will tell. The architectural history of Vienna, where European history is presence and new buildings enter into an exciting and not always conflict-free dialogue with a great and outstanding architectural heritage, in any case has yet to offer exciting chapters.
Info: The folder "Architecture: From Art Nouveau to the Presence" is available at the Vienna Tourist Board and can be downloaded on www.wien.info/media/files/guide-architecture-in-wien.pdf.
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copyright © 2009 sean dreilinger
view rachel and her dad spread holiday cheer - _MG_2031 on a black background.
Soil Profile: Guanajibo gravelly sandy clay loam, 2 to 12 percent slopes. Guanajibo soils are characterized by a surface layer of gravelly sandy clay loam, clayey subsurface layers, and a content of plinthite of 5 percent or more. They are in the udic soil moisture regime.
Landscape: Naturalized pastureland in an area of Guanajibo gravelly sandy clay loam, 2 to 12 percent slopes. (Soil Survey of San Germán Area, Puerto Rico; by Jorge L. Lugo-Camacho, Natural Resources Conservation Service)
Setting
Landscape: Coastal plains
Landform: Coastal terraces and alluvial fans
Major uses: Naturalized pastureland
Elevation: 15 to 165 feet
Composition
Guanajibo and similar soils: 90 percent
Dissimilar soils: 10 percent
Typical Profile
Surface layer:
0 to 10 inches—very dark reddish brown gravelly sandy clay loam
Subsoil:
10 to 21 inches—strong brown clay that has red mottles
21 to 37 inches—strong brown clay that has plinthite and red mottles
37 to 63 inches—mottled light olive brown, pale yellow, dark red, strong brown, and brown clay that has plinthite
Minor Components
Dissimilar:
• Delicias soils, which do not have plinthite in the subsoil and are in the higher positions
Soil Properties and Qualities
Depth class: Very deep
Depth to bedrock: More than 80 inches
Parent material: Fine-textured sediments of mixed origin
Surface runoff: Low or medium
Drainage class: Well drained
Permeability: Moderate
Available water capacity: Very high
Seasonal high water table: None within a depth of 80 inches
Flooding: None
Hazard of water erosion: Low or moderate
Rock fragments in the surface layer: 0 to 30 percent, by volume, pebbles
Shrink-swell potential: Low
Natural fertility: Moderate
Content of organic matter in the surface layer: Moderate to high
Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout
Land Use
Dominant uses: Naturalized pastureland
Other uses: Pasture; urban development
Agricultural Development
Cropland
Suitability: Well suited
Commonly grown crops: Sugar cane
Management concerns: Slope
Management measures and considerations:
• Using a resource management system that includes terraces and diversions, stripcropping, contour tillage, no-till planting, and crop residue management reduces the hazard of erosion, helps to control surface runoff, and maximizes rainfall infiltration.
• Applying lime and fertilizer on the basis of soil testing increases the availability of nutrients to plants and maximizes productivity.
Pasture and hayland
Suitability: Well suited
Commonly grown crops: African star grass; guineagrass; pangola grass
Management concerns: Slope
Management measures and considerations:
• Using rotational grazing and implementing a well planned schedule of clipping and harvesting help to maintain the pasture and increase productivity.
• Applying lime and fertilizer on the basis of soil testing increases the availability of nutrients to plants and maximizes productivity during the establishment, maintenance, or renovation of hayland and pasture.
• Overgrazed pastures should be reestablished and then protected from further overgrazing.
Naturalized pastureland
Suitability: Well suited
Commonly grown crops: Guineagrass
Management concerns: Slope
Management measures and considerations:
• Applying lime and fertilizer on the basis of soil testing increases the availability of nutrients to plants and maximizes productivity during the establishment, maintenance, or renovation of pasture.
• Overgrazed areas should be reestablished and then protected from further overgrazing.
Interpretive Group
Land capability classification: IVe
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/puerto_rico/PR...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/G/GUANAJIBO.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Persistent URL: digital.lib.muohio.edu/u?/tradecards,3134
Subject (TGM): Women; Teenagers; Flowers; Shovels; Spades; Agricultural machinery & implements; Farmers; Farming; Farms; Plants;
The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) continues to implement precautions in response to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). New York City Transit, MTA Bus, Access-A-Ride, Long Island Rail Road and Metro-North are significantly increasing the frequency and intensity of sanitizing procedures at each of its stations and on its full fleet of rolling stock. Trains, cars and buses will experience daily cleanings with the MTA’s full fleet undergoing sanitation every 72 hours. Frequently used surfaces in stations, such as turnstiles, MetroCard and ticket vending machines, and handrails, will be disinfected daily.
Photo: Patrick Cashin / MTA New York City Transit
Spotted on our travels through Mid Wales. This old implement would have had a seat on the support between the two wheels and judging by the set up at the front would have been pulled by a large horse. Any ideas what it may have been used for.
View On Black Then select Large for the bigger picture.
Antiqued version here. www.flickr.com/photos/wdig/4702143163/
A rural farm under a cloudy moonlit sky near McBaine in Boone County Missouri by Notley Hawkins Photography. Taken on a cool August summer's evening with a Canon EOS 5D Mark III camera with a EF16-35mm f/2.8L USM lens. Colored gels were used with an exposure of 90 seconds.
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©Notley Hawkins
"As United States Secretary of Energy, Dr. ERNEST MONIZ is tasked with implementing critical Department of Energy missions in support of President Obama’s goals of growing the economy, enhancing security and protecting the environment. This encompasses advancing the President’s all-of-the-above energy strategy, maintaining the nuclear deterrent and reducing the nuclear danger, promoting American leadership in science and clean energy technology innovation, cleaning up the legacy of the cold war, and strengthening management and performance.
Prior to his appointment, Dr. Moniz was the Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Physics and Engineering Systems at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where he was a faculty member since 1973. At MIT, he headed the Department of Physics and the Bates Linear Accelerator Center. Most recently, Dr. Moniz served as the founding Director of the MIT Energy Initiative and as Director of the MIT Laboratory for Energy and the Environment where he was a leader of multidisciplinary technology and policy studies on the future of nuclear power, coal, nuclear fuel cycles, natural gas and solar energy in a low-carbon world.
From 1997 until January 2001, Dr. Moniz served as Under Secretary of the Department of Energy. He was responsible for overseeing the Department’s science and energy programs, leading a comprehensive review of nuclear weapons stockpile stewardship, and serving as the Secretary’s special negotiator for the disposition of Russian nuclear materials. From 1995 to 1997, he served as Associate Director for Science in the Office of Science and Technology Policy in the Executive Office of the President.
In addition to his work at MIT, the White House and the Department of Energy, Dr. Moniz has served on a number of boards of directors and commissions involving science, energy and security. These include President Obama’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, the Department of Defense Threat Reduction Advisory Committee, and the Blue Ribbon Commission on America’s Nuclear Future.
A member of the Council on Foreign Relations, Dr. Moniz is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Humboldt Foundation, and the American Physical Society.
Dr. Moniz received a Bachelor of Science degree summa cum laude in Physics from Boston College, a Doctorate in Theoretical Physics from Stanford University, and honorary degrees from the University of Athens, Boston University, the University of Erlangen-Nurenberg, Iowa State University, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Michigan State University and Universidad Pontificia de Comillas.
KEVIN DE LEON serves as President pro Tempore of the California State Senate. As Senate leader, Senator de León (D-Los Angeles) has made fighting climate change and building a clean energy economy a top priority. He has authored numerous measures to bolster clean energy generation, improve air quality, and direct funding to the communities disproportionately affected by air pollution and other environmental hazards.
Most recently, he fought to extend California’s groundbreaking climate law, AB 32, successfully setting new statewide emissions reductions targets of 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030. In 2015, he authored Senate Bill 350, which requires California to generate half of its electricity from renewable sources and double energy efficiency in buildings by 2030, while also dramatically expanding electric vehicle charging infrastructure. He has also championed efforts to make electric vehicles and other forms of clean energy accessible to middle- and low-income families through rebates and tax incentives.
In 2012, he co-chaired the campaign for Proposition 39, which closed a corporate-tax loophole and redirected hundreds of millions of dollars annually to create jobs in energy efficiency and clean energy projects in the state’s K-12 schools.
Senator de León served four years in the Assembly before his Senate election in 2010. In 2014 he became the first Latino elected to lead the Senate in 130 years.
State Representative CHRIS LEE serves as Majority Whip and Chairman of the Energy and Environmental Protection Committee in the Hawaii State Legislature. Elected in 2008 as the legislature's first millennial, he has worked to make Hawaii a world leader on climate policy, successfully authoring laws establishing the Hawaii Climate Adaptation Initiative, making Hawaii the first state to mandate 100% renewable electricity by 2045, and this year, a new law making Hawaii the first state to commit to a zero-emissions clean economy and statewide carbon neutrality by 2045. He authored the nation's first tax breaks for organic and climate-responsible agriculture, laws making utility profits dependent on eliminating fossil fuels, and required all public schools and universities to become net-zero by 2035. He also passed laws protecting transgender individuals, addressing gun violence, protecting workers from exploitation, and fight the influence of money in politics by requiring SuperPACs to disclose secret donors, prohibiting state contractors from making political donations, and raising penalties for elections fraud. He helped lead successful campaigns to pass same-sex marriage, block a $4.5 billion fossil fuel deal, and expand the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument to create the largest protected area in the world. Rep. Lee serves on the boards of several non-profit organizations and volunteers in the community. He graduated from Oregon State University."
Lutfey Siddiqi, Visiting Professor-in-Practice, London School of Economics and Political Science, United Kingdom; Young Global Leader speaking during the Session "Implementing Stakeholder Capitalism 2" at the World Economic Forum, Annual Meeting of the Global Future Councils 2019. Copyright by World Economic Forum / Benedikt von Loebell
Implementing Stakeholder Capitalism in the Middle East and North Africa (Option 2)
Copyright ©️ World Economic Forum/Pascal Bitz
Rania A. Al-Mashat, Minister of International Cooperation of Egypt; Young Global Leader Alain Bejjani, Chief Executive Officer, Majid Al Futtaim, United Arab Emirates
Mohammad Jaafar, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Kuwaiti Danish Dairy (KDD), Kuwait
Badr Jafar, Chief Executive Officer, Crescent Enterprises, United Arab Emirates; Young Global Leader
Remarks by Mirek Dusek, Deputy Head, Centre for Geopolitical and Regional Affairs, World Economic Forum
Moderated by Hadley Gamble, Reporter and Anchor, CNBC, United Kingdom
With Mazen S. Darwazeh, Executive Vice-Chairman; President, Middle East and North Africa, Hikma Pharmaceuticals, Jordan
I'm open to suggestions to anyone who can give me a clue what this is. See it on the concrete slab in the other photos. I've seen it sitting there for about 20 years now.
Soybeans grown by Norwood Farms owners and producers Don and son Grant Norwood who have been helped by U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Farm Production and Conservation (FPAC) Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) District Conservationist Ron Harrison to implement their crop rotation and residue management practices to reduce erosion leading to improved land use and crop production; they also practice no-till farming on nearly every acre in the operation, in Henry County, TN, on Sept 19, 2019.
The stover of remaining corn stalk stubs, leaves, and cobs that are expelled and and left behind the corn harvester becomes a cover crop. The stover can be seen between soybean crop.
Crop dusters adapted with a seed spreader can seed directly into standing corn and standing soybeans. This gives the seeds a chance to get established before it freezes. In the spring, the cover crop will grow up through the corn stover.
Norwood Farms have successfully established the building blocks of conservation with conservation crop rotation on the entire Norwood operation. The crops are rotated between corn, wheat, soybeans and in some cases, corn cover crops and soybeans cover crops. The practices are implemented to reduced erosion sediment in surface water and are leading to improved land use and crop production.
Conservation Crop Rotation (Practice Code 328) is a management practices where growing a planned sequence of various crops takes place on the same piece of land for a variety of conservation purposes. Crops included in conservation crop rotation include high-residue producing crops such as corn or wheat in rotation with low-residue- producing crops such as soybeans. Crop rotations vary with soil type, crops produced, farming operations, and how the crop residue is managed. The most effective crops for soil improvement is fibrous-rooted high-residue producing crops such as grass and small grain.
Residue and Tillage Management (Practice Code 329) is managing the amount, orientation and distribution of crop and other plant residue on the soil surface throughout the year. For our area, we are utilizing reduced tillage and no-till. Residue and Tillage Management should be used on all cropland fields, especially where excess sheet and rill erosion are a problem. Residue and tillage management is most effective when used with other conservation practices like grassed waterways, contouring, field borders, etc.
NRCS has a proud history of supporting America's farmers, ranchers, and forest landowners. For more than 80 years, we have helped people make investments in their operations and local communities to keep working lands working, boost rural economies, increase the competitiveness of American agriculture, and improve the quality of our air, water, soil, and habitat. As the USDA's primary private lands conservation agency, we generate, manage, and share the data, technology, and standards that enable partners and policymakers to make decisions informed by objective, reliable science. And through one-on-one, personalized advice, we work voluntarily with producers and communities to find the best solutions to meet their unique conservation and business goals. By doing so, we help ensure the health of our natural resources and the long-term sustainability of American agriculture.
Farm Production and Conservation (FPAC) is the Department's focal point for the nationâs farmers and ranchers and other stewards of private agricultural lands and non-industrial private forest lands. FPAC agencies implement programs designed to mitigate the significant risks of farming through crop insurance services, conservation programs, and technical assistance, and commodity, lending, and disaster programs.
The agencies and services supporting FPAC are Farm Service Agency (FSA), NRCS, and Risk Management Agency (RMA).
For more information please see www.usda.gov
USDA Photo by Lance Cheung.
Bayan Bayanihan will provide installments of food to support the most vulnerable households for a period of up to 8 weeks, with an estimated $20 million needed for essential food supplies in this period. ADB has already approved $5 million in grants for part of this need and created a team to rapidly lead implementation of the program. Additional funds and in-kind contributions will be needed for the program.
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I spent a delightful Saturday with the Famous Flickr Five+ Group in Blackwood at the Garden of St Erth. As my first Famous Flickr Five+ excursion, I was just delighted by how kind and welcoming everyone was. I look forward to future trips to places I have never been (such as the garden of St Erth) with the Famous Flickr Five+ Group in the future.
In 1854 a Cornish stonemason named Matthew Rogers decided to pursue his luck in the goldfields around Mount Blackwood in Victoria, so he packed up his life in Sydney and journeyed south. His venture proved successful, as he became one of the gold rush's most successful miners.
In the 1860s, Matthew built a modest sandstone cottage from stone quarried from around Bacchus Marsh behind a boot factory in an area known as Simmonds Reef, just outside what was then the very busy and thriving gold mining community of Blackwood which at the time had a population of some 13,000 people. He named it "St Erth" after his Cornwall birthplace. The original title was dated 1867, but it is believed the house was built before then.
The sandstone cottage is typical of Victorian architecture found in Australia at that time. Built in Victorian Georgian style. It features a symmetrical facade of exposed sandstone brick with sash windows either side of the front door, all of which are characteristics of Victorian Georgian architecture. The shady verandah, today covered in curling wisteria vine, features elegant, slender posts, which is also typical of the architectural style, as is the medium pitch corrugated iron roof.
Matthew attached a wooden building to the western end of his neat stone cottage which served as the Blackwood post office for a time, and also a general store; both essential parts of the burgeoning community.
The gold rush lasted for twenty eight years. Matthew's daughter Elizabeth and her husband Jim Terrill continued to maintain the store, but as gold ran out, the wooden buildings of the town were moved to Trentham. For a time the house lay empty and the bush moved back in. Eventually it was bought by a group of Melbourne businessmen who called themselves the Simmons Reef Shire Council.
Today, "St Erth" is the Garden of St Erth; a wonderful garden featuring fruit trees, an espalier orchard, heirloom vegetables, perennials, daffodils, tulips, flowering shrubs and a plant nursery. The Garden of St Erth is one of two main sites in Victoria for the Diggers Club, who specialise in growing and selling heirloom variety plants and old fashioned exotic plants. The homestead forms the entry to the beautiful garden, as well as a shop showcasing the heritage seeds, gardening equipment and myriad gardening products in line with the Diggers Club's commitment to sustainable gardening. Outside there's a plant nursery with a wonderful array of trees and plants for sale. A pretty cafe offers drinks, cakes and meals indoors or out featuring where possible local produce and some sourced from the garden.
Matthew Rogers was born at St. Erth, Cornwall, on 11th June 1824, he arrived in Victoria in 1854 with his wife Mary, and came to Blackwood about 1855. Matthew and Mary Rogers were the wealthiest people in Simmons Reef. Matthew did well from his mine called "Mount Rogers Big Hill Mine". He is stated to have made a fortune out of ore that yielded one and a half pennyweights to the ton. Mary Ann Rogers was born in Hayle in Cornwall 24th June 1828. She looked after the store and the Post Office attached to the house. The Rogers had no children, and adopted a girl born in 1872, called Elizabeth. Mary Ann Rogers died on the 27th of August 1896, aged 68 years. Matthew Rogers died on the 6th of January 1902.
Nestled against the Wombat State Forest, the township of Blackwood was originally founded in 1855 during the Victorian gold rush. The township's post office was opened in September 1855, and was known as Mount Blackwood until 1921. The township has shrunk significantly since the gold rush ended, and today many of its properties are weekenders for Melbourne professionals. The town still has a main street featuring a post office and general store, a pub, a cafe and an antique shop. It still retains some of its original miners cottages beyond "St Erth". It is a quiet, sleepy town, and is a delightful retreat for some peace and quiet. Blackwood is perhaps best known today for its music and culture festival held in November. It attracts artists from across the world.
Soybeans grown by Norwood Farms owners and producers Don and son Grant Norwood who have been helped by U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Farm Production and Conservation (FPAC) Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) District Conservationist Ron Harrison to implement their crop rotation and residue management practices to reduce erosion leading to improved land use and crop production; they also practice no-till farming on nearly every acre in the operation, in Henry County, TN, on Sept 19, 2019.
The stover of remaining corn stalk stubs, leaves, and cobs that are expelled and and left behind the corn harvester becomes a cover crop. The stover can be seen between soybean crop.
Crop dusters adapted with a seed spreader can seed directly into standing corn and standing soybeans. This gives the seeds a chance to get established before it freezes. In the spring, the cover crop will grow up through the corn stover.
Norwood Farms have successfully established the building blocks of conservation with conservation crop rotation on the entire Norwood operation. The crops are rotated between corn, wheat, soybeans and in some cases, corn cover crops and soybeans cover crops. The practices are implemented to reduced erosion sediment in surface water and are leading to improved land use and crop production.
Conservation Crop Rotation (Practice Code 328) is a management practices where growing a planned sequence of various crops takes place on the same piece of land for a variety of conservation purposes. Crops included in conservation crop rotation include high-residue producing crops such as corn or wheat in rotation with low-residue- producing crops such as soybeans. Crop rotations vary with soil type, crops produced, farming operations, and how the crop residue is managed. The most effective crops for soil improvement is fibrous-rooted high-residue producing crops such as grass and small grain.
Residue and Tillage Management (Practice Code 329) is managing the amount, orientation and distribution of crop and other plant residue on the soil surface throughout the year. For our area, we are utilizing reduced tillage and no-till. Residue and Tillage Management should be used on all cropland fields, especially where excess sheet and rill erosion are a problem. Residue and tillage management is most effective when used with other conservation practices like grassed waterways, contouring, field borders, etc.
NRCS has a proud history of supporting America's farmers, ranchers, and forest landowners. For more than 80 years, we have helped people make investments in their operations and local communities to keep working lands working, boost rural economies, increase the competitiveness of American agriculture, and improve the quality of our air, water, soil, and habitat. As the USDA's primary private lands conservation agency, we generate, manage, and share the data, technology, and standards that enable partners and policymakers to make decisions informed by objective, reliable science. And through one-on-one, personalized advice, we work voluntarily with producers and communities to find the best solutions to meet their unique conservation and business goals. By doing so, we help ensure the health of our natural resources and the long-term sustainability of American agriculture.
Farm Production and Conservation (FPAC) is the Department's focal point for the nationâs farmers and ranchers and other stewards of private agricultural lands and non-industrial private forest lands. FPAC agencies implement programs designed to mitigate the significant risks of farming through crop insurance services, conservation programs, and technical assistance, and commodity, lending, and disaster programs.
The agencies and services supporting FPAC are Farm Service Agency (FSA), NRCS, and Risk Management Agency (RMA).
For more information please see www.usda.gov
USDA Photo by Lance Cheung.
WASHINGTON - On Wednesday, June 6, U.S. Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood (L), U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) Acting Deputy Commissioner Kevin McAleenan (C), Delta Chief Executive Officer Richard Anderson (R) and JetBlue Airways Senior Vice President for Government Affairs and Associate General Counsel Robert Land announced the implementation of new partnerships to combat human trafficking as part of the Department of Homeland Security’s Blue Campaign, CBP and the Department of Transportation. Photo by James Tourtellotte
Staff and physicians at Nanaimo Regional General Hospital and Dufferin Place celebrated the official launch of the countdown to the implementation of IHealth, a new electronic system that will be up and running at NRGH and Dufferin Place by summer 2015.
The new IHealth electronic tool will track patient health information in a single health record across Island Health facilities, programs and services throughout a patient’s entire life. NRGH and Dufferin Place residential care facility will be the first Island Health locations to receive IHealth.
2022 Feb8th Layari Basti, Karachi Solar Lanterns DistributionLyari Basti, Karachi Solar Lanterns Distribution Feb 8th, 2022
Project Title: Distribution of Solar Lanterns for Kachi Abadi Liyari ExpressWay ,Near 13-D , Gulshan e Iqbal , Karachi .
Date Completed: Feb/ 08/2022
Donor: Lodhie Foundation
Implementing Partner: Ms Samiya Khan.
Project Manager/Coordinator: Abdul Samad
Project Locations
The Lodhie Foundation initiative brings a “First Ray of Light” to the rural and poor communities and backward areas of Pakistan. Since 2003, this philanthropic initiative has continued to achieve his goal to bring the poorest people of Pakistan opportunities for socio-economic development. The program has been building momentum and successful results since its beginning. The key element is the distribution and maintenance of solar LED lighting systems through the guidance and management of Pervaiz Lodhie Founder Trustee of Lodhie Foundation located in Karachi, Pakistan
Ever since introducing a noble cause of distribution of SOLAR LANTERN ( ROSHNI ) to the needy and poor villagers and families of rural areas in Pakistan under the Donation of Ms Samiya Khan, a team Lodhie Foundation was assigned to visit the Kachi Abadi Liyari Express Way Karachi to observe and witness the distribution of Solar Lantern ROSHNI to the most needy people of Kachi Abadi Liyari Express Way ,near 13-D Gulshan e Iqbal , Karachi,
As a gesture of goodwill Ms Samiya Khan Donor of Lodhie Foundation offered a gift of 100 solar powered LED lights to the people of Kachi abadi Liyari Express Way, Karachi
Benefits
•Freedom from Darkness — The sunlight fades as early as 6 p.m, leaving the villagers in complete darkness. With solar lantern lighting, they have about an additional five hours of light to add to each day.
•Freedom from Illiteracy — More hours of light means more hours for children to study and get a better education, which is crucial to improving their social-economic future.
•Freedom from Poverty — With solar LED lanterns, the villagers no longer have to pay for expensive kerosene lanterns. Also, with more hours of light, the men and women have additional hours to work, which means more income for each household.
•Freedom from Hunger — More income means more money to better feed each member of the family; a daily concern for villagers.
•Freedom from Disease — Kerosene lanterns give off toxic and dangerous fumes; solar LED lanterns do not. LED lanterns also provide extra visibility, which helps against nighttime hazards.
Manila, Philippines - Workers load sacks of rice onto trucks inside a warehouse in Manila, Philippines, March 31, 2020.
The Asian Development bank together with the Department of Social Welfare and Development and the Philippine Army started distributing aid to some of the marginalized barangays in Metro Manila as capital enters its 15th day of enhanced community quarantine due to the covid19 pandemic.
Photograph by Veejay Villafranca/Asian Developement Bank
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Feel free to extend this into your own implement!
www.brickshelf.com/gallery/TheScooterGuy/LDD/MOCs/Technic...
Paranapiacaba: Origem: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre.
Por concessão, um grupo inglês explorou o sistema ferroviário na Serra do Mar. E o primeiro sistema implementado foi o sistema funicular: com cabos e máquinas fixas. A primeira linha, com onze quilômetros de extensão, foi inaugurada em 1867 pelo grupo São Paulo Railway. Ela começou a ser construída em 1862 e teve como um dos maiores acionistas e idealizadores o lendário Barão de Mauá. Em 1859, ele chamou o engenheiro ferroviário britânico James Brunlees, que veio ao Brasil e deu viabilidade ao projeto. A execução de tal projeto foi de responsabilidade de outro engenheiro inglês, Daniel Makinson Fox. Um ponto curioso é que pela instabilidade do terreno, a construção da estrada de ferro foi quase artesanal. Não se utilizou explosivos por medo de desmoronamento. As rochas foram cortadas com talhadeiras e pequenas ferramentas manuais. Paredões de até 3 metros e 20 centímetros de altura foram construídos ao logo do traçado da estrada de ferro. A segunda linha começou a funcionar em 1900. Além de dar mais força ao sistema, os cabos e as máquinas fixas economizam energia para a operação dos trens. No entanto, vários acidentes eram registrados, principalmente pelo rompimento dos cabos. Havia uma espécie de freio, a tenaz, que agarrava os cabos para evitar a saída dos trens dos trilhos. Nem sempre o sistema, no entanto, funcionava de maneira satisfatória. Em 1956, um grande acidente foi evitado pelo maquinista na época, Romão Justo Filho, nascido em Paranapiacaba no mês de março de 1911, filho de maquinista também. Se a composição descarrilasse, cerca de 150 pessoas poderiam perder a vida. Através da utilização correta do sistema da tenaz, Romão foi “agarrando” aos poucos o cabo até que o trem parasse.
Os cabos do locobreque levavam desenvolvimento e riqueza para a região do ABC Paulista e de Santos. Tanto é que a companhia inglesa criou em 1896 uma vila essencialmente de ferroviários, com construções de madeira no estilo inglês. Em 1907, a Vila foi chamada de Paranapiacapa, mas até 1945 a estação continuou a ser chamada de Alto da Serra. A Vila possuía todos os recursos da época para os maquinistas, fiscais e “foguistas” – responsáveis pela alimentação da fornalha da máquina fixa e da máquina dos trens. Além de um mercado, de um posto de saúde, de um vagão-ambulância e até um vagão funerário, onde o velório era feito dentro da composição entre Santos e Paranapiacaba, os funcionários possuíam um centro de recreação, o União Lira Serrano, e um Campo de Futebol. No União Lira Serrano eram exibidos filmes, shows musicais e realizados bailes temáticos. A concessão da linha da Serra do Mar não foi apenas glórias e desenvolvimento. Fatos até hoje não explicados satisfatoriamente marcaram a história dos trilhos por onde circularam os Locobreques. Exemplos são os incêndios da Estação da Luz, dois dias antes da primeira etapa da concessão dos ingleses terminar, em 1946, e na velha estação de Paranapiacaba, em 1981. Antes mesmo do incêndio, a estação já havia sido desativada em 1977 e substituída pelo prédio atual. O relógio estilo inglês foi poupado no incêndio e deslocado para uma torre mais alta que a anterior. Nos dois incêndios, tanto na Estação da Luz quanto em Paranapiacaba, a suspeita principal é de motivação criminosa. Milhões de reais foram gastos para a reconstrução da Estação da Luz, que passou por décadas ainda sentido os efeitos do incêndio. Tanto é que ela teve de ser restaurada. A obra de restauração completa foi entregue somente em 2004, data dos 450 anos da cidade de São Paulo. A Estação da Luz teve três etapas fundamentais: Ela foi inaugurada em 1867, num pequeno prédio na região central da capital paulista. A demanda de passageiros foi aumentando aos poucos, e cerca de 15 anos depois o pequeno prédio foi demolido e um outro maior foi construído. A cidade crescia muito rapidamente e a estação teve de aumentar ainda mais. Em 1890 começaram as obras da estação na configuração atual. Em 1900, o segundo prédio antigo foi demolido e em 1901, a nova estação foi inaugurada. Obras constantes de modificações e ampliações foram realizadas ao longo das décadas na Estação da Luz, já que além da demanda de passageiros ser maior, o número de linhas férreas urbanas também cresceu. Antes mesmo do Locobreque, na Serra do Mar, uma primitiva máquina de madeira, também tracionada por cabos fazia o transporte entre os cinco patamares. Era a Serrabreque. Durante a operação da Serrabreque, Barão de Mauá era um dos administradores. Posteriormente, na vila de Paranapiacaba, os ingleses, no alto de uma subida, construíram uma mansão, que servia de centro de controle operacional. Apelidada pelos ferroviários de "Castelinho", a posição do local proporcionava uma privilegiada visão do sistema e de toda a estrutura da vila de Paranapiacaba. O sistema ferroviário da Serra do Mar era composto por diversos túneis, que eram alvos de lendas e histórias assombradas disseminadas pelos próprios ferroviários. Algumas dessas lendas tiveram origem no fato de muitos operários terem morrido na construção desses túneis.
Pátio ferroviário, estações e relógio:
A São Paulo Railway inaugurou sua linha férrea em 16 de fevereiro de 1867. Servia como transporte de passageiros e meio de localizada na então freguesia de São Bernardo. No ano de 1898, foi erguida uma nova estação com madeira, ferro e telhas francesas trazidos da Inglaterra. Esta estação tinha, como característica principal, o grande relógio fabricado pela Johnny Walker Benson, de Londres, que se destacava no meio da neblina muito comum naquela região. Com o aumento do volume e peso da carga transportada, foi iniciada em 1896 a duplicação da linha férrea, paralela à primeira, a fim de atender à crescente demanda. Essa nova linha, também denominada de Serra Nova, era formada por 5 planos inclinados e 5 patamares, criando um novo sistema funicular. Os assim chamados novos planos inclinados atravessavam 11 túneis em plena rocha, enfrentando o desnível de 796 metros que se iniciava no sopé da serra, em Piaçagüera, no município de Cubatão. O traçado da ferrovia foi retificado e suavizado e ampliaram-se os edifícios operacionais. A inauguração deu-se em 28 de dezembro de 1901. A primeira estação foi desativada e reutilizada, posteriormente, como cooperativa dos planos inclinados. A 15 de julho de 1945, a "Estação do Alto da Serra" passa a se denominar "Estação de Paranapiacaba". A 13 de outubro de 1946, a São Paulo Railway foi encampada pela União, criando-se a "Estrada de Ferro Santos-Jundiaí". Somente em 1950 a rede passa a unir-se à Rede Ferroviária Federal. Em 1974, é inaugurada o sistema de cremalheira aderência. No ano de 1977, a segunda estação foi desativada, dando lugar à atual estação. O relógio foi transferido do alto da estação anterior para a base de tijolo de barro atual. A 14 de janeiro de 1981, ocorreu um incêndio na antiga estação, destruindo-a completamente. O sistema funicular foi desativado em 1982. Em 2010, o Correio fez lançamento de selo postal ostentando o patrimônio ferroviário de Paranapiacaba.
Museu do funicular:
Trata-se da exibição das máquinas fixas do quinto patamar da segunda linha e a do quarto patamar da primeira linha, que transportavam o trem por meio do sistema funicular.
No museu, há, também, a exposição de diversos objetos de uso ferroviário, fotos e fichas funcionais de muitos ex-funcionários da ferrovia.
O locobreque:
O "locobreque" tinha a função de frear a composição na descida da serra e simultaneamente empurrava outra composição que subia. O cabo entre as duas máquinas passava por uma grande roda volante, chamada de "máquina-fixa" que ficava em cada um dos cinco patamares. Do nome inglês original, loco-brake, a máquina funcionava pela queima de carvão ou madeira numa fornalha, abastecida pelo foguista, que trabalhava ao lado do maquinista. As máquinas "locobreque" foram construídas em 1901 por Robert Stephenson & Co. Ltd. O sistema funicular proporcionava maior economia de energia gasta pelo "locobreque" e possibilitava o desempenho do trem nos aclives e declives. Havia uma inclinação de 8 graus entre cada um dos cinco patamares. Quando subia a Serra do Mar, o "locobreque" empurrava os vagões, que ficavam na frente da máquina. Quando descia, ele segurava os vagões, que ficavam atrás da máquina. Como o trem não tinha marcha-ré, havia um sistema chamado popularmente de "viradouro", através do qual os funcionários invertiam o sentido da locomotiva, girando a máquina em torno de si mesma. Antes do "locobreque" havia uma primitiva máquina de madeira, também tracionada por cabos, que fazia o transporte entre os cinco patamares. Era o "serrabreque". Durante a operação do "serrabreque", o Barão de Mauá ainda era um dos financistas da companhia. Até a metade do século XX, o transporte ferroviário era sinônimo de luxo. E um dos marcos foi o trem Cometa, que fazia a linha Santos – São Paulo. O trem possuía serviço de bordo e poltronas leito, como as de ônibus. Além dele, também havia os trens Estrela, Planeta e Litorina (Semi-luxo).
Museu do castelo:
Essa residência, também denominada de "Castelinho", situa-se entre a Vila Velha e a Vila Martin Smith. Localizada no alto de uma colina, com uma excelente vista privilegiada para toda a vila ferroviária, foi construída por volta de 1897 para ser a residência do engenheiro-chefe, que gerenciava o tráfego de trens na subida e descida da Serra do Mar, o pátio de manobras, as oficinas e os funcionários residentes na vila. Sua imponência simbolizava a liderança e a hierarquia que os ingleses impuseram a toda a vila; ela é avistada de qualquer ponto de Paranapiacaba. Dizia-se que de suas janelas voltadas para todos os lados de Paranapiacaba, o engenheiro-chefe fiscalizava a vida de seus subordinados, não hesitando em demitir qualquer solteiro que estivesse nas imediações das casas dos funcionários casados. No decorrer de mais de um século de uso, foram feitas várias reformas e tentativas de recuperação de seu aspecto original; as maiores reformulações foram realizadas nas décadas de 1950 e 1960. Foi restaurado pela prefeitura de Santo André em parceria com a World Monuments Fund.
Casas dos engenheiros:
Característica da arquitetura hierarquizada de Paranapiacaba, as casas habitadas pelos engenheiros e suas famílias eram de alto padrão. Grandes e avarandadas, foram construídas em madeira nos tempos da São Paulo Railway, com plantas baixas individualizadas; depois, em alvenaria nos tempos da Rede Ferroviária Federal, com mesmo padrão de plantas. Muitas sofreram reformas em vários momentos, principalmente com a chegada da RFFSA. Uma das caracteríticas que chama a atenção é a cobertura do imóvel, pois somente com estudos elaborados pelos conselhos de reconhecimento, concluiu-se que o material das telhas não era ardósia, e sim fibrocimento, introduzidos provavelmente a partir da década de 50 entre alguma das reformas que sofreram.
Casas de solteiros:
Características da arquitetura hierarquizada de Paranapiacaba, as casas de solteiros eram conhecidas como barracos. Foram construídas em madeira, exceto duas em alvenaria. Essa tipologia foi criada pela São Paulo Railway, e a Rede Ferroviária Federal deu continuidade, construindo-as em alvenaria. A planta dessas casas possui
dormitórios, sanitários e cozinha para pequenas refeições, serviam para alojar o grande fluxo de homens solteiros, que preenchiam as vagas de ferroviários. Havia poucos sanitários e chuveiros, já que os trabalhadores se revezavam em turnos.
Staff and physicians at Nanaimo Regional General Hospital and Dufferin Place celebrated the official launch of the countdown to the implementation of IHealth, a new electronic system that will be up and running at NRGH and Dufferin Place by summer 2015.
The new IHealth electronic tool will track patient health information in a single health record across Island Health facilities, programs and services throughout a patient’s entire life. NRGH and Dufferin Place residential care facility will be the first Island Health locations to receive IHealth.
Annette Matindi, Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority and a member of the communications group, organizes information March 10, 2011, during the Tanzania National Government Pandemic Disaster Response Tabletop Exercise in Arusha, Tanzania.
Photo by Khalfan Said, U.S. Embassy, Dar es Salaam
“Every time we have a disaster, our mechanisms for preparedness are tested. We have found out that we still lack the necessary and sufficient mechanisms for effective response,” said the Hon. William V. Lukuvi, Tanzania’s Minister of State.
“It is in this context that I find the organization of this exercise very timely,” Lukuvi said.
To this end, the remarks and briefings on day two of the Tanzania Pandemic Disaster Response conference and exercise focused on helping participants understand the interdependencies between critical sectors and the need for each sector to prepare for a severe pandemic.
Speakers from the Tanzania Ministry of Health, Ministry of Livestock, the Tanzanian Peoples DefenSe Forces, the Superintendent of Police – Ministry of Home Affairs, Social Services, and the World Food Program addressed an audience mixed with Tanzania and U.S. government officials, and nongovernmental organization representatives. The various speakers reminded the audience of the importance of technical training as it relates to international health regulations, population movement, vulnerable pandemics and strategic communications.
“Tanzania has experienced disasters ranging from drought, floods, strong winds, technological hazards, accidents, and epidemics which of recent the incidents of this kind are increasing,” said Nyancheghe Nanai, Assistant Director of Operations in the Prime Minister’s Office.
“Our capacity to respond to such incidents has obviously shown weaknesses in responding timely and in a coordinated manner. This has prompted us to seek and find appropriate ways of handling disasters in Tanzania,” he said.
Throughout the day, the remarks of the invited speakers addressed the concern voiced by Nanai. Use of Tanzania’s military and civil defense, a review of the country’s critical infrastructure and available resources in a pandemic emergency were reviewed and discussed while also assessing the challenges of logistics and the need to protect first responders.
"The most important thing to remember in a pandemic disaster is the response must be a multi-sector effort. This is a situation where civil authorities, the military, NGOs (nongovernmental organizations), international organizations, as well as other stakeholders, all work toward a common goal . . . stabilization," said Lt. Col. Eric Lanham, Program Officer, Humanitarian and Health Assistance Branch, U.S. Africa Command (AFRICOM).
“It’s all about proper, timely, communication and cooperation,” he said.
The tabletop exercise, which begins tomorrow, will challenge participants. They will take what they have learned in the two-days of briefings and discussions and apply it to the scenario with which they will be presented.
“Ultimately this exercise will assist each participant in putting together a solid preparedness and response plan that applies to their portion of the whole of government response,” Lanham said.
This exercise is led by AFRICOM through its Pandemic Response Program (PRP). The intent is to strengthen Tanzania’s capacities to plan for and respond to a national and regional pandemic disaster.
PRP is funded by U.S. Agency for International Development and is implemented in Tanzania by AFRICOM.
To learn more about U.S. Army Africa visit our official website at www.usaraf.army.mil
Official Twitter Feed: www.twitter.com/usarmyafrica
c1908 postcard view of Main Street in Kewanna, Indiana. The photographer was standing in Main Street and looking east toward the Logan Street intersection. There were two horse-drawn buggies and two automobiles in this scene as well as a bicyclist. Some of the buildings in this scene are shown in the 1899 and/or the 1920 Sanborn™ fire insurance map sets for Kewanna. The white frame building on the northeast corner of the Logan Street intersection is one example. It is shown in both map sets. It housed an agricultural implements business in 1899 and a confectionery business in 1920. The permanent awning that was barely visible in this scene was shown on the front of that building in the 1899 map set, but had been removed by 1920. The sign on the front of that building is unclear and unreadable.
A few business signs along the south side of the street are identifiable. For example, a sign in the distance advertised a BANK. The sign was near the southwest corner of the Toner Street intersection. The 1899 map set shows a bank on that corner while the 1920 map set shows a bank as the second business west of that intersection. Above that BANK sign was a sign advertising THE SIBERT STORE. That building didn’t exist when the 1899 map set was being prepared, but another postcard shows the D. W. SIBERT name and the year 1908 on that building. The SMOKE-HOUSE sign in the middle of the block may have advertised a pool hall that the 1920 map set shows in that vicinity. The next sign to the west advertised a MEAT MARKET. The 1920 map set shows a meat business at that location. The gasoline pump (where the crowd had gathered) stood in front of the second building east of Logan Street. Both map sets show a hardware store at that location with a G. A. R. Hall on the second floor. The sign on the building at the corner advertised THE MODEL _____ DRY GOODS ______ BOOTS AND S_____. Both the 1899 and 1920 map sets show a general store at this location with the I. O. O. F. Hall upstairs.
The sign painted on the window at the southwest corner of Logan Street is unclear. The 1899 map set shows a vacant frame building at that location while the 1920 map set shows the two-story brick building with a barbershop on the first floor. The sign on the second floor advertised the office of DR. WARD. A 1905 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association mentioned a Dr. John M. Ward of Kewanna. He was licensed in 1897 to practice medicine in the county and was listed in a 1904 state listing¹ as a Fulton County physician, but not in a 1911 listing.² Next door, the 1899 map set shows a barbershop where the BILLIARDS sign is in this view. That lot was vacant when the 1920 map set was prepared.
The buildings on the southeast and southwest corners at Logan Street were still standing as of 2008.
1. Indiana State Board of Medical Registration and Examination, The Sixth Annual Report (Indianapolis, IN: William B. Burford, 1904). Available online at books.google.com/books?id=yk1JCeJJsPAC&printsec=front....
2. Indiana State Board of Medical Registration and Examination, The Thirteenth Annual Report (Indianapolis, IN: William B. Burford, 1911). Available online at books.google.com/books?id=r90pGEnhRRAC&printsec=front....
From a private collection.
The full postcard image can be seen here.
www.flickr.com/photos/hoosier_recollections/8018192534/in...
Copyright 2005-2014 by Hoosier Recollections. All rights reserved. This image is part of a creative package that includes the associated text, geodata and/or other information. Neither this package in its entirety nor any of the individual components may be downloaded, transmitted or reproduced without the prior written permission of Hoosier Recollections.
About Dr.Mihir Kumar Panda, Ph.D,D.Litt,, innovator
World’s only achiever of large number of World Record for 10,000 Teaching Aids & innovations
Founder & Co-ordinator General, ‘SROSTI’ (Social Development research Organisation for Science, technology & Implementation)
Collaborator Vijnana Bana Ashram
Bahanaga, Baleshwar, Odisha, India-756042
Website : simpleinnovationproject.com
E-Mail- : mihirpandasrosti@gmail.com
Face Book link:https://www.facebook.com/mihirpandasrosti
WIKIMAPIA
wikimapia.org/#lang=en&lat=-6.174348&lon=106.8293...
Contact No. : +91 7008406650
Whatsapp: +91 9438354515
Dr.Mihir Kumar Panda, an Educational, Societal and Scientific Innovator has established an NGO 'SROSTI' at Bahanaga, Balasore,Odisha,India
Dr. panda has innovated/invented more than 10,000 (ten thousand) teaching aids and different innovations and he has more than 30,000 (Thirty thousand) ideas to make scientific and mathematical models.
His creations are very essential guide for school and college science exhibitions, innovative learning and play way method for the teachers and students, science activists, innovators, craftsmen, farmers, masons, physically challenged persons, common men, entrepreneurs and industrialists.
He is popularizing science through song, innovative demonstrations and motivational speech since 1990 in different parts of Odisha state without taking any fees.
Dr. Panda is an extreme motivational speaker in science and possess magical scientific demonstration and a crowd puller.
Innovator Mihir Kumar Panda loves nature and in his agricultural farm he does not uses the chemicals , fertilizers and pesticides. In his farm even the smallest creatures like snakes, caterpillar, white ants, worms ,vermies are in peace and are managed successfully not to do harm.
Dr. Panda is an Educationist, an environmentalist, a poet for science popularization, a good orator, a best resource person to train others in specific field of science and engineering.
The uniqueness of Simple Innovation and scientific activities and achievements ofDr. Panda can not be assessed without visiting his laboratory which is a living wonder in the realm of science.
From a small cake cutter to mechanical scissor, from a play pump to rickshaw operated food grain spreader and from a village refrigerator to a multi-purpose machine, thousands of such inventions and innovations are proof of Dr. Panda's brilliance.
From a tube well operated washing machine to weight sensitive food grain separator, from a password protected wardrobe to automatic screen, from a Dual face fan to electricity producing fan are example of few thousands of innovations and inventions of Mihir Kumar Panda.
Dr.Mihir Kumar Panda though bestowed to a popular name as Einstein of Odisha is obliviously treated as Thomas Alva Edison of India.
Dr. Panda's residential house also resembles a museum with scientific innovations of different shapes and sizes stacked in every nook and cranny which proves his scientific involvement in personal life.
Innovator Panda believes that , the best thing a child can do with a toy to break it. he also believes that by Educating child in his/her choice subject/ passion a progressive nation can be built.
The shelf made scientist Dr. Panda believes that Education is a life long process whose scope is far greater than school curriculum. The moulding of models/ innovations done by hand always better than the things heard and the facts incorporated in the books.
With no agricultural background, Dr. Panda has developed unique natural bonsai in his Vijnana Bana Ashram which also shows path for earning just by uprooting and nurturing the plants which are found to be small and thumb in nature.
Dr. Panda's Scientific Endeavour and research is no doubt praise worthy. One cannot but believe his dedicated effort in simple innovation laboratory.
Social service, innovation/ inventions, writing, free technology to students for preparation of science exhibition projects, free technology to common men for their sustainability, preparation of big natural bonsai, technology for entrepreneurs and industrialists for innovative item are few works of Mihir Kumar Panda after his Government service.
. To overcome the difficulties of science and math, explanation in classes, innovator Panda has created few thousands of educational, societal and scientific innovations which helps teachers and students of the country and abroad.
Dr. Panda believes that though inventions/innovation has reached under thousands and thousands deep in the sea and high up in the space. It has reached on moon and mars, but unfortunately the sustainable inventions/innovation has not properly gone to the tiny tots and common people.
Dr. Panda is amazing and wizard of innovations and works with a principle the real scientist is he, who sees the things simply and works high.
Dr.Mihir Kumar Panda's work can be explained in short
Sports with Science from Dawn to Dusk
Struggle some life- science in words and action
Triumphs of Science - Science at foot path
Hilarious dream in midst scarcity
A life of innovator de-avoided of Advertisement.
FELICITATIONS, AWARDS, HONOURS & RECORDS
* 200+ Felicitation and Awards from different NGOs, Schools & Colleges within the State of Odisha and National level.
* 10 Nos Gold, Silver & Bronze medal from different National & International level.
*Awarded for 10,000 innovations & 30,000 ideas by Indian Science Congress Association, Govt. of India.
* Honorary Ph.D From Nelson Mandela University, United States of America
* Honorary Ph.D From Global Peace University, United States of America& India
* Honorary D.Litt From Global Peace University, United States of America& India
* Title ‘Einstein of Odisha’ by Assam Book of Records, Assam
* Title ‘Thomas Alva Edison of India’ by Anandashree Organisation, Mumbai
* Title ‘ Einstein of Odisha & Thomas Alva Edison of India’ from Bengal Book of World record.
*World Record from OMG Book of Records
*World Record from Assam Book of Records,
* World Record from World Genius Records, Nigeria
* World Record from BengalBook of Records
* National Record from Diamond Book of Records
* World Record from Asian World Records
* World Record from Champians Book of World Records
* World Record from The British World Records
* World Record from Gems Book of World Records
* World Record from India Star World Record
* World Record from Geniuses World Records
* World Record from Royal Success International Book of Records
*World Record from Supreme World Records
* World Record from Uttarpradesh World Records
*World Record from Exclusive World Records
*World Record from international Book of Records
*World Record from Incredible Book of records
* World Record from Cholan Book of World Record
* World Record from Bravo International Book of World Record
* World Record from High Range Book of World Record
* World Record from Kalam’s World Record
* World Record from Hope international World Record
* International Honours from Nigeria
* Indian icon Award from Global Records & Research Foundation (G.R.R.F.)
* International Award from USA for the year’2019 as INNOVATOR OF THE YEAR-2019
* National level Excellence Leadership Award-2020 from Anandashree Organisation, Mumbai
* Best Practical Demonstrator & Theory instructor from Collector & District Magistrate,
Balasore.
* Best Innovator Award by Bengal Book.
* Popular Indian Award by Bengal Book.
* Great man Award by Bengal Book.
* Best Indian Award by Bengal Book.
* The Man of the Era by Bengal Book.
IMPORTANT LINK FILES TO KNOW THE WORK OF
Dr. MIHIR KUMAR PANDA
Dr.Mihir Ku panda awarded at indian science congress Association, Govt. of India for 10000 innovations & 30,000 ideas
Hindi Media report- Simple innovation science show for popularisation of science in free of cost by Dr.Mihir Ku Panda
Simple innovation science show for popularisation of science in free of cost in different parts of India By Dr.Mihirku Panda
www.youtube.com/user/mihirkumarpanda/videos?view=0&so...
Simple innovation laboratory at a Glance
MORE LINK FILES OF Dr MIHIR KUMAR PANDA
www.youtube.com/watch?v=MFIh2AoEy_g
www.youtube.com/channel/UCIksem1pJdDvK87ctJOlN1g
www.youtube.com/watch?v=AHEAPp8V5MI
www.youtube.com/watch?v=W43tAYO7wpQ
www.youtube.com/watch?v=me43aso--Xg
www.youtube.com/watch?v=6XEeZjBDnu4
www.youtube.com/watch?v=gPbJyB8aE2s
www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNIIJHdNo6M
www.youtube.com/watch?v=oPBdJpwYINI
www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBR-e-tFVyE
www.youtube.com/watch?v=3JjCnF7gqKA
www.youtube.com/watch?v=raq_ZtllYRg
cholanbookofworldrecords.com/dr-mihir-kumar-pandaph-d-lit...
www.linkedin.com/in/dr-mihir-kumar-panda-ph-d-d-litt-inno...
www.bhubaneswarbuzz.com/updates/education/inspiring-odish...
www.millenniumpost.in/features/kiit-hosts-isca-national-s...
www.youtube.com/watch?v=hFE6c-XZoh0
www.youtube.com/watch?v=WzZ0XaZpJqQ
www.dailymotion.com/video/x2no10i
www.exclusiveworldrecords.com/description.aspx?id=320
royalsuccessinternationalbookofrecords.com/home.php
british-world-records.business.site/posts/236093666996870...
www.tes.com/lessons/QKpLNO0seGI8Zg/experiments-in-science
dadasahebphalkefilmfoundation.com/2020/02/17/excellent-le...
www.facebook.com/…/a.102622791195…/103547424435915/… yearsP0-IR6tvlSw70ddBY_ySrBDerjoHhG0izBJwIBlqfh7QH9Qdo74EnhihXw35Iz8u-VUEmY&__tn__=EHH-R
wwwchampions-book-of-world-records.business.site/?fbclid=...
www.videomuzik.biz/video/motivational-science-show-ortalk...
lb.vlip.lv/channel/ST3PYAvIAou1RcZ%2FtTEq34EKxoToRqOK.html
imglade.com/tag/grassrootsinventions
picnano.com/tags/UnstoppableINDIAN
www.viveos.net/rev/mihirs%2Btrue%2Bnature
www.facebook.com/worldgeniusrec…/…/2631029263841682…
www.upbr.in/record-galle…/upcoming-genius-innovator/…
www.geniusesworldrecordsandaward.com/
www.upbr.in/record-galle…/upcoming-genius-innovator/…
m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=699422677473920&i...
www.facebook.com/internationalbookofrecords/
www.youtube.com/channel/UCBFJGiEx1Noba0x-NCWbwSg
www.youtube.com/watch?v=nL60GRF6avk
www.facebook.com/bengal.book.16/posts/122025902616062
www.facebook.com/bengal.book.16/posts/122877319197587
www.facebook.com/bengal.book.16/posts/119840549501264
supremebookofworldrecords.blogspot.com/…/welcome-to…
Staff and physicians at Nanaimo Regional General Hospital and Dufferin Place celebrated the official launch of the countdown to the implementation of IHealth, a new electronic system that will be up and running at NRGH and Dufferin Place by summer 2015.
The new IHealth electronic tool will track patient health information in a single health record across Island Health facilities, programs and services throughout a patient’s entire life. NRGH and Dufferin Place residential care facility will be the first Island Health locations to receive IHealth.
Darioush, a winery noted for its Bordeaux style estate wines, implements old world labor-intensive, micro-vineyard management and new world state of the art technology to craft fine wines from its estates located in the appellations of Napa Valley, Mt. Veeder and Oak Knoll. Under the direction of Darioush Khaledi and winemaker Steve Devitt, precision and quality are of the utmost importance at the winery.
The Property
Darioush welcomes guests to its new visitor center and winery beginning August 16, 2004. The new architectural building comes after five years in the making, and combines materials, castings, and furnishings from distant lands and exotic locations. The 22,000 square foot winery, the first in America to combine architecture, design and Persian culture, provides a unique and exhilarating experience in California’s most renowned wine destination. Reminiscent of the great noble architecture that once existed, the imagery of the Darioush building evokes Persepolis, the illustrious capital of ancient Persia.
The Khaledi's Persian heritage is the inspiration and vision for the winery, designed by architects Ardeshir and Roshan Nozari, incorporating clean, contemporary lines with historical references to Persia’s ancient capital city. One of the most important aspects of the Persian culture is hospitality, and the winery is designed to create a welcoming, enjoyable as well as a rich and intriguing environment for guests. Visitors will receive unparalleled service and a sensational experience.
“The juxtaposition of modern clean lines and historical references represent the philosophy of our office,” states Ardeshir Nozari, who incorporated many intriguing architectural elements throughout the building. Among the design features of interest are the 16 monumental 18’ freestanding columns with capital bulls, which act as stone trees at the entrance of the winery, elevating visitor expectations. Richly textured travertine-stone cladding surrounds the entire building. This yellow stone was quarried near the region of Persepolis and exported to Turkey and Italy for cutting and tumbling before it reached the Silverado Trail in Napa. Additional design features include pre-cast moldings, furniture, fireplaces, ironwork, lighting, cellars, and an amphitheatre for performances and events.
The Visitor Center boasts a state of the art facility offering a unique one-on-one experience to taste the complete line of signature wines with options for indoor and outdoor seating. Six outdoor water features with fountains and one indoor rolling wall of water comprise some of the sights and sounds of the guest experience. Lush and varied landscaping creates a sequence of continuous gardens, which lead the visitors to the winery.
The architecture of Đà Lạt is dominated by the style of the French colonial period. Đà Lạt Railway Station, built in 1938, was designed in the Art Deco architectural style by French architects Moncet and Reveron, although it incorporates the high, pointed roofs characteristic of the Cao Nguyen communal buildings of Vietnam’s Central Highlands. The three gables represent an art deco version of Normandy’s Trouville-Deauville Station. The station’s unique design - with its roofs, arching ceiling, and coloured glass windows - earned it recognition as a national historical monument in 2001. The Dominion of Mary (French: Domaine de Marie) Church and Convent, home to Roman Catholic nuns of the Mission of Charity, were built in 1938 with a similar pointed-roof style.
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The Da Lat–Thap Cham Railway (Vietnamese: Đường sắt Tháp Chàm-Đà Lạt) or Da Lat-Phan Rang Railway (Vietnamese: Đường sắt Phan Rang-Đà Lạt) was an 84 km rack railway connecting the city of Da Lat to the main North–South Railway at Tháp Chàm in Ninh Thuận Province. It was established by the French administration of Indochina in 1932 after thirty years of construction in phases, beginning in 1903. The first section, running 41 km from Tháp Chàm to Sông Pha, opened in 1919, and the second section, running 43 km from Song Pha to Da Lat, opened in 1932. Due to the mountainous terrain, the Sông Pha–Da Lat section used rack rails in three sections, and included five tunnels. The Da Lat–Tháp Chàm railway is occasionally referred to as a Crémaillère railway, referring to the French word for the rack used on its rails.
Abandoned during the Vietnam War, the line was gradually dismantled after the North Vietnamese victory in 1975, its infrastructure being used to repair the heavily damaged North–South Railway line. In the 1990s, a 7 km section of the line between Da Lat Railway Station and the nearby village of Trại Mát was restored and returned to active use as a tourist attraction; it remains active as of 2017. Restored railway cars now carry the name "Dalat Plateau Rail Road", although this name was not used when the entire line was in use. A proposed renewal project, backed by provincial and local governments, aims to restore the entire Đà Lạt–Tháp Chàm railway to handle both passenger and cargo transportation. The Bach Dang Hotel Complex Trading - Service Joint Stock Company, together with Tedi South Corporation, the Vietnam Ministry of Transportation, Lam Dong Provincial Authorities, and the Dalat TK Entertainment Ltd. (including Curtis "King" Kovach), is spearheading the effort to secure international financing and railway expertise to rebuild the railway.
HISTORY
The Da Lat–Thap Cham Railway was an adaptation of plans devised by Paul Doumer during his tenure as Governor-General of French Indochina from 1897 to 1902. Approved by the French administration in 1898, Doumer's ambitious plans included several railway lines, including the Yunnan–Vietnam Railway connecting the coastal town of Haiphong to the city of Kunming in the Chinese province of Yunnan, and the North–South Railway connecting Hanoi and Saigon. Doumer's original plans called for several more branch lines to connect different parts of Indochina, including a link from Quy Nhơn to Kon Tum in the Central Highlands, along with branch lines leading from the Chinese province of Guangxi to Savannakhet in Laos, and from Saigon to Phnom Penh in Cambodia. None of these other lines were ever implemented in their entirety, although the Hanoi–Dong Dang line later allowed for rail connections to Guangxi, and the first 17 km of the Tan Ap—Thakhek line into Laos were built before construction was abandoned. Doumer's plans were adapted, however, to provide a railway link connecting Da Lat and Tháp Chàm in Ninh Thuận Province, at a cost of 200 million francs.
CONSTRUCTION
Swedish engineers, who had experience at building zigzag railways for use on steep slopes, were hired to complete the line. Initial surveys took place in 1898, and construction began on the Tháp Chàm–Sông Pha section in 1908. By 1913, tracks had reached the town of Tân Mỹ, and the first trains began to use this portion of the line. The rest of the Tháp Chàm–Sông Pha section opened in 1919, completing the first phase of construction.
The second phase took comparatively more time to complete, due to the mountainous terrain inland from Sông Pha (Krongpha). Although the following section, from Sông Pha to Eo Gio (Bellevue), was only 10 km long on a map, its steep grade (120‰) required the use of a rack and pinion system. The Sông Pha–Eo Gio section was completed in 1928. The next section, from Eo Gio to Đơn Dương (Dran), was relatively flat, and was completed in 1929. From Đơn Dương to Tram Hanh (Arbre Broyé), another length of rack rails was laid, this time with a grade of 115‰ and with a more meandering route than previously; this section was completed in 1930. The remaining distance from Tram Hanh to Da Lat was said to be the most difficult, as it crossed the Lam Vien Plateau, 1,500 m above sea level. The terrain was again relatively flat from Tram Hanh to Da Tho (Le Bosquet), but required the construction of three railway tunnels; finally, the Da Tho–Trai Mat section, which was the final rack rail section with a grade of 60‰, was laid down; the railway tracks finally reached Da Lat in 1932. The section linking Sông Pha to Da Lat was only 43 km long, but rose almost 1,400 metres along a winding route with three rack rail sections and five tunnels. Da Lat Railway Station, one of the first colonial-style buildings to be built in the area, was completed in 1938
ABANDONMENT
Throughout the Vietnam War, the entire Vietnamese railway network was a target of bombardments and sabotage by both North Vietnamese and South Vietnamese forces. The Da Lat–Tháp Chàm line was no exception; plagued by sabotage and mining by the Viet Cong, the line gradually fell out of use, with regular operations coming to an end in 1968.
After the Fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975, the Communist government of the newly unified Vietnam took control of the former South Vietnamese railway. Heavily damaged by bombing and sabotage by both North Vietnamese and South Vietnamese forces and their allies, the war-torn North–South Railway line was returned to service on 31 December 1976, promoted as a symbol of Vietnamese unity. Many abandoned railway lines—such as the Da Lat-Tháp Chàm line—were dismantled to provide materials for the repair of the main line; unused materials were sold as scrap metal.
RESTAURATION
In the 1990s, a 7 km section of the line between Da Lat Railway Station and the nearby village of Trại Mát was restored and returned to active use as a tourist attraction. A planning document released later, in 2002, listed the restoration of the entire Đà Lạt–Tháp Chàm railway as a priority for infrastructure development for Đà Lạt and Lâm Đồng Province, including the upgrading of Da Lat Railway Station and other stations along the routes to handle passenger and cargo transportation. The proposed renewal received the backing of provincial and local governments, and the national government indicated that private companies would also be allowed to participate in the reconstruction of the railway. The project would also include a connection to the North–South Railway at Tháp Chàm, allowing trains to circulate between Da Lat and the rest of the country for the first time since the Vietnam War. In December 2009, four rail cars restored to look like the rail cars used on the Da Lat–Tháp Chàm line in the 1930s were put into use on the Da Lat–Trại Mát tourist railroad, carrying signage reading "Dalat Plateau Rail Road".
STATIONS
DA LAT RAILWAY STATION
Da Lat Railway Station, built in 1938, was designed in Art Deco style by French architects Moncet and Reveron, although it incorporates the high, pointed roofs characteristic of the Cao Nguyen communal buildings of Vietnam's Central Highlands. The three gables, said to represent the three peaks of Dalat's iconic Lang Biang mountain, are also reminiscent of Normandy's Trouville-Deauville Station. The station's unique design—with its roofs, arching ceiling, and coloured-glass windows—earned it recognition as a national historical monument in 2001. Several of the stations along the line share a design similar to Da Lat station.
INFRASTRUCTURE
The mountainous terrain along the Da Lat–Thap Cham line required the construction of three rack railway sections and five tunnels. In total, 34 km of rack rails were laid. The first section, from Song Pha to Eo Gio, had a grade of 120‰ (12% or 1 in 8.33). The second section, from Don Duong to Tram Hanh, had a grade of 115‰ (11.5% or 8.33). The third, and final, section, between Da Tho and Trai Mat, had a grade of 60‰ (6% or 1 in 16.67). Two tunnels were built along the first rack rail section between Sông Pha and Eo Gio: one, with a length of 163 m, between Sông Pha and Co Bo (K'Beu), and the other, with a length of 70 m, between Co Bo and Eo Gio. The next tunnel was the longest, stretching 630 m somewhere between Tram Hanh and Cau Dat. Finally, two more tunnels were built between Cau Dat and Da Tho, the first measuring 98 m and the second measuring 129 m. Telegraph poles were also built along the line.
LOCOMOTIVES
STEAM
Soon after the first part of the railway line was opened, the French Compagnie Des Chemins De Fer De L'Indochine (CFI) set about importing cogwheel locomotives that could be used also on rack sections. CFI initially purchased five HG 4/4-type locomotives in 1924 from Swiss manufacturer SLM Winterthur (German: Schweizerische Lokomotiv- und Maschinenfabrik). 1929 two locomotives followed from German manufacturer ME (German: Maschinenfabrik Esslingen), built after the Swiss plans as a so-called "Reparationsleistung". In 1930 SLM delivered another two locomotive, bringing the effective to nine. These locomotives were delivered as numbers 301 through 309 and later were given the serial numbers CFI 40-301 through CFI 40-309. Four locomotives (301, 305, 307 and 309) were destroyed during World War II during the Japanese occupation of Indochina. 1947 it was possible to purchase four similar but slightly less powerful locomotives from the Swiss Furka-Oberalp company which had electrified its lines a few years ago. These were HG 3/4-type locomotives (given serial numbers CFI 31-201 through 31-204). The locomotives were transferred to a Vietnamese railway company, Vietnam Hoa Xa, after the dissolution of French Indochina; the serial numbers remained the same, but with VHX rather than CFI as a prefix. The locomotives functioned on steam, generating a pulling power of 600–820 cv.
The remains of the Furka-Oberalp steam locomotives were repurchased by the Swiss Furka Heritage Railway together with the two locomotives 40-304 and 40-308. It was intended to use them on the restored original Furka rack line. Two locomotives (31-201 and 31-204) were returned to active service with their original numbers 1 and 9.
DIESEL
Diesel locomotive TU7A
Diesel locomotive TU8P
WIKIPEDIA
PLEASE, no multi invitations in your comments. Thanks. I AM POSTING MANY DO NOT FEEL YOU HAVE TO COMMENT ON ALL - JUST ENJOY.
Uspensky Cathedral
Founded in 1101, the principal church in Smolensk.
The current 6-pillared 5-domed edifice was constructed over a period of almost 100 years due to flaws in the original design and its implementation. At one point one of the walls collapsed but it was eventually completed in 1772. The building’s baroque design is impressive, especially looking up from the base of a wall. Viewed from certain locations it often looks as if it is suspended in the air because it is situated on hill surrounded by trees, concealing the base of the building.
Pam Boyd plants lettuce at Teter Organic Farm in Noblesville, Indiana May 13, 2022. Teter Organic Farm is operated by Noblesville First United Methodist Church and provides food for the church's food bank. They also sell produce through a community supported agriculture program, farmers markets and to local restaurants. The farm enrolled in the Natural Resources Conservation Service's Environmental Quality Incentives (EQIP) program to build three high tunnels, implement cover crops and develop a forest management plan. The farm has also enrolled acres in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) offered by the Farm Service Agency. (NRCS photo by Brandon O'Connor)
The Temple of Dendur
•Period: Roman Period
•Reign: reign of Augustus Caesar
•Date: completed by 10 B.C.
•Geography: From Egypt, Nubia, Dendur, West bank of the Nile River, 50 miles South of Aswan
•Medium: Aeolian sandstone
•Dimensions:
oTemple Proper:
Height: 6.40 m (21 ft.)
Width: 6.40 m (21 ft.)
Length: 12.50 m (41 ft.)
oGate:
Height: 8.08 m (26.5 ft.)
Width: 3.66 m (12 ft.)
Depth: 3.35 m (11 ft.)
•Credit Line: Given to the United States by Egypt in 1965, awarded to The Metropolitan Museum of Art in 1967, and installed in The Sackler Wing in 1978
•Accession Number: 68.154
On view at The Met Fifth Avenue in Gallery 131.
Egyptian temples were not simply houses for a cult image but also represented, in their design and decoration, a variety of religious and mythological concepts. One important symbolic aspect was based on the understanding of the temple as an image of the natural world as the Egyptians knew it. Lining the temple base are carvings of papyrus and lotus plants that seem to grow from water, symbolized by figures of the Nile god Hapy. The two columns on the porch rise toward the sky like tall bundles of papyrus stalks with lotus blossoms bound with them. Above the gate and temple entrance are images of the sun disk flanked by the outspread wings of Horus, the sky god. The sky is also represented by the vultures, wings outspread, that appear on the ceiling of the entrance porch.
On the outer walls between earth and sky are carved scenes of the king making offerings to deities who hold scepters and the ankh, the symbol of life. The figures are carved in sunk relief. In the brilliant Egyptian sunlight, shadows cast along the figures’ edges would have emphasized their outlines. Isis, Osiris, their son Horus, and the other deities are identified by their crowns and the inscriptions beside their figures. These scenes are repeated in two horizontal registers. The king is identified by his regalia and by his names, which appear close to his head in elongated oval shapes called cartouches; many of the cartouches simply read “pharaoh.” This king was actually Caesar Augustus of Rome, who, as ruler of Egypt, had himself depicted in the traditional regalia of the pharaoh. Augustus had many temples erected in Egyptian style, honoring Egyptian deities. This small temple, built about 15 B.C., honored the goddess Isis and, beside her, Pedesi and Pihor, deified sons of a local Nubian chieftain.
In the first room of the temple, reliefs again show the “pharaoh” praying and offering to the gods, but the relief here is raised from the background so that the figures can be seen easily in the more indirect light. From this room one can look into the temple past the middle room used for offering ceremonies and into the sanctuary of the goddess Isis. The only carvings in these two rooms are around the door frame leading into the sanctuary and on the back wall of the sanctuary, where a relief depicts Pihor worshiping Isis, and below—partly destroyed—Pedesi worshiping Osiris.
Curatorial Interpretation
History
After the conquest of Egypt in 31 B.C., Augustus confiscated the property of Egyptian temples and centralized their administration. As a kind of compensation, he commissioned at least 17 building projects for local gods, including the small Isis-temple of Dendur (ancient Tutzis) in Lower Nubia. No date for the temple’s construction is recorded except that the cartouches include the name of the “Autokrator Kaisaros,” that is Augustus. But one assumes reasonably that it was built during the peaceful years following the Roman-Kushite wars of 25-22 B.C., which had ended with the treaty of Samos of the year 21 B.C.
The dates 20 or 15 B.C. are usually given. Since Augustus only died in 14 A.D., a later date can not be ruled out. There is also no evidence for the Roman prefect who may have commissioned the building. The three possible candidates are:
•Gaius Petronius or Publius Petronius: 24 B.C. - 21 B.C. (who destroyed Napata)
•Publius Rubrius Barbarus: to 12 B.C.
•Gaius Turranius: 7 B.C. - 4 B.C.
A detailed Coptic inscription states that in 577 (or 559?) A.D. the temple was converted into a Christian church. Since 1820, the temple has been a favorite travel destination for explorers and artists, who produced numerous depictions and early photographs of the temple. Graffiti on the pronaos walls recall their visits.
The first Aswan dam brought the water 3 m below the doorsill of the temple. In 1908, conservation work was carried out in preparation for a seasonal flooding of the building. The building was completely drowned annually by the two raisings of the first Aswan dam, in 1907-12 and 1929-33. Remains of the wall paint were washed away but the walls remained structurally unharmed. Lake Nasser, created in 1970 by the building of the Aswan High Dam, would have submerged the temple forever. In 1962, the gate and temple were therefore documented and taken down as part of the Nubian salvage campaign. In recognition of the American contribution to the campaign, the gate and temple were presented to the United States in 1965.
Thanks to the initiative of Henry Fischer and Thomas Hoving, the temple was awarded to the Metropolitan Museum and in 1974/75 rebuilt in the newly created Sackler wing designed by Kevin Roche (born 1922) and John Dinkeloo (1918-81). The architects were faced with the problem that the temple was not free standing but built into a sloping rock surface, a landscape that was not desired by the Museum. The temple therefore had to be squeezed into the shape of a freestanding building, presented on a granite stage. The material chosen (red granite and “mason granite”) reflects with its shiny, polished surfaces the architect’s imagination of imperial-style pharaonic architecture. The stepped planes in front and around the temple house are modern creations that do not follow the original arrangement. These alterations, implemented for practical reasons, are quite appealing for the visitor but not hold up against modern conservation standards. The opening was celebrated on September 27, 1978.
Description
a)Cult Terrace
The temple towered impressively over the water of the Nile, visually supported by a 3.5 m high, 15 m broad and 16 m deep terrace (much higher than the reconstruction in the Museum). The front of the terrace had no opening but a front curving inward, probably better to withstand the torrent of the Nile. Similar terraces are known at Elephantine, Philae, Qasr Ibrim, Kalabsha, Ajuala and Dabod (see Jaritz 1980, pls. 48-49). The waterfront and the sides were closed with low parapet walls, which were underpinned by a heavy, protruding ledge. The re-creation in the Museum is made of granite because the original sandstone would not have withstood the museum’s traffic. The granite parapet wall designed by Roche-Dinkeloo consisted originally of two courses of blocks. The upper course was removed in 1995 in order to improve the vista on the temple terrace.
b)Temple Enclosure and Gate
The temple enclosure (temenos) rose on top of a 90 cm high step above the rear (west) side of the terrace. A monumental gate in the center formed the east front of the temenos.
The gate was for unknown reasons not exactly aligned with the temple-house behind. The visible parts of the gate are decorated with relief. The gate is 6.50 m high (including the cavetto), the doorway is 1.60 m wide and 4.35 m (from the court level). A staircase of 5 steps leads from the gate down onto the cult terrace.
The rough outer sidewalls of the gate suggest that it was incorporated in a massive wall or pylon built of brick or stone, closing off the Nile front of the temenos. Apparently no traces of a pylon were noticed at the site and it could well be that it was never built. However, the existence of a pylon is implied in the Museum’s reconstruction by a layer of irregular stones.
One would expect that high walls running east-west from the pylon to the mountain slope behind would have enclosed the sides of the temenos. Blackman’s plan shows the remains of these walls, but they no longer appear on Ashiri’s plan of 1972. In the Museum reconstruction, the parapet walls flanking the front platform suggest a continuation backwards in the direction of the cliffs.
The interior floor of the temenos was never completely level and the rock surface began to slope up beginning at the pronaos. The irregular lower edge of the exterior reliefs of the temple walls indicate the inclination of the slope. The center of the east court was treated differently. There, the gate and temple were connected by a 7 m broad walkway, made of masonry and rising 50 cm above the rough court level. This walkway is clearly visible on an old photo of the site. However, the photo was taken after modern consolidation of the temple and how much of it was modern is not recorded.
A door in the lateral south wall is shown on Blackman’s plan. Perhaps another one opened in the north side. However, there was no processional approach from the riverside because the cult terrace blocked an axial approach.
c)Temple House
The temple was primarily dedicated to Isis, mistress of Philae, who was the patron saint of Lower Nubia, an area known as the Dodekaschoinos. Attached was the cult of two brothers, Pedesi and Pihor, the sons of a local Nubian chieftain Quper. They carry the title hesy, which is normally bestowed on people drowned in the Nile. One assumes that Quper and his sons had earned merit in the Meroitic wars of the Romans.
The actual temple house represents a distyle in antis, with two quatrefoil column capitals in the front opening. This temple type was common in Ptolemaic times (as seen for example in tomb chapels at Tuna el-Gebel and Dakka) with several larger variations that include a wider pronaos with more front columns. The temple house is ca. 13 m long, 6.5 m wide and 5 m high (to the roof) and includes 3 consecutive rooms: entrance hall or pronaos; offering hall; and sanctuary. Depictions from the 19th century suggest that the cavetto cornice of the temple house was still largely in place around 1839. Today, only one block is left.
The entrance hall or pronaos has an open front with two 3.95 m high columns (including the abacus) columns carrying the architraves. The columns have quatrefoil papyrus capitals with a four-story lily decoration. The lateral interspaces were closed with screen walls.
The pronaos has a small side door in the southwest corner. This door was part of the temple structure and is incorporated into the decoration of the walls. Another, smaller side door in the northeast corner was cut through the existing building, damaging the wall reliefs. Both doors suggest that the access from the front of the pronaos was not always possible.
A large room follows behind, assumed to have been the offering hall. Except for the door in the rear wall, the room is undecorated, and was apparently unfinished.
The walls of the sanctuary are also undecorated except for a stela-like panel in the center of the rear wall. Its decoration depicts Pihor worshiping Isis, and below – partly destroyed – Pedesi worshiping Osiris. The floor and lowermost part of the rear and sidewalls are carved from the rock.
All the rest of the interior and exterior is covered with relief, showing the “pharaoh” (“kaisaros autokrator”) praying and offering to the gods.
d)Rock Chamber
In the cliff behind the temple was a small rock chamber with a basin in the floor. In front was a court with a kind of tiny pylon. One assumes that this was the tomb of the two brothers and perhaps the predecessor of the temple. The entrance was behind the stela of Pedesi and Pihor.
The 1.65 m thick rear wall of the temple-house includes a built-in secret chamber accessed from the south end through a door closed with a thin, removable block. This crypt has been explained as the tomb of one of the brothers or as a hiding place for a priest giving oracles through a hole in the wall. The crypt could also have been a hiding place for liturgical equipment.
e)Evaluation
The Dendur temple is comparatively small but impressive and a major example of Roman architecture based on the Ptolemaic building tradition in Egypt. The temple demonstrates an important aspect of Egyptian architecture. The modern viewer is impressed by the monumental gate or pylon forming the front of the temple. However, the gate of temples like that of Dendur cannot be reached by a frontal, axial approach. The access is blocked by a cult terrace (for example the first pylon of Karnak or the pylon of Medinet Habu). These pylons/gates were not intended as entrances but as exits, monumental stages where the god (in the form of a cult figure) emerges from the interior and performs his/her appearance at the “gates of appearances.” From the gate of the Dendur temple, the divinity descended onto the cult terrace, were it reposed and viewed the Nile and the realm. Jaritz (1980, pp. 61-654) has shown that the cult terrace of the Khnum temple on Elephantine also was the gathering place for cult communities who celebrated repasts with the divinity.
Dieter Arnold 2016
Provenance
Given to the United States by the Egyptian Government, 1965. Awarded to the Museum by the U.S. Government, 1967.
Selected References
•Gau, Francois Chretien 1822. Antiquités de la Nubie : ou, Monumens inédits des bords du Nil, situés entre la première et la seconde cataracte, dessinés et mesurés en 1819. Stuttgart, pl. 23-5.
•Rifaud, Jean-Jacques 1830. Voyage en Égypte, en Nubie et lieux circonvoisins depuis 1805 jusqu’en 1827. Paris: Crapelet, pp. 27-8.
•Blackman, Aylward M. 1911. The temple of Dendûr. Cairo: Imprimerie de l’Institut Français d’Archeologie Orientale.
•Monnet-Saleh, Janine 1969. “Observations sur le temple de Dendour.” In Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale, 68, pp. 1–13.
•El-Achiri, Hassan, M. Aly, F.-A. Hamid, and Ch. LeBlanc 1972. Le temple de Dandour, 1-3. Collection scientifique (Markaz Tasjīl al-Āthār al-Miṣrīyah), Cairo.
•Jaritz, Horst 1980. Elephantine III : Die Terrassen vor den Tempeln des Chnum und der Satet : Architektur und Deutung. Mainz am Rhein: Zabern.
•Bagnall, Roger 1985. “Publius Petronius, Augustan Prefect of Egypt.” In Papyrology. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 85-93.
•Bianchi, Robert Steven 1998. “The Oracle at the Temple of Dendur.” In Egyptian Religion. The Last Thousand Years. Studies Dedicated to the Memory of Jan Quaegebeur, 85, pp. 773-80.
•Arnold, Dieter 1999. Temples of the Last Pharaohs. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 244-46.
•Hill, Marsha 2000. “Roman Egypt.” In The Year One: Art of the Ancient World East and West, edited by Elizabeth J. Milleker. New Haven: Metropolitan Museum of Art, pp. 84-5, figs. 62-63, p. 207.
•Metropolitan Museum of Art 2012. The Metropolitan Museum of Art Guide. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, p. 58.
•Metropolitan Museum of Art 2012. The Metropolitan Museum of Art Guide. New York and New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, p. 58.
Timeline of Art History (2000-Present)
Timelines
•Egypt, 1-500A.D.
MetPublications
•The Art of Ancient Egypt: A Resource for Educators
•“Dendur: The Six-Hundred-Forty-Third Stone”: Metropolitan Museum Journal, v. 33 (1998)
•Masterpieces of The Metropolitan Museum of Art
•Masterpieces of The Metropolitan Museum of Art
•The Metropolitan Museum of Art Guide
•The Metropolitan Museum of Art Guide
•The Metropolitan Museum of Art Guide (Arabic)
•The Metropolitan Museum of Art Guide (Chinese)
•The Metropolitan Museum of Art Guide (French)
•The Metropolitan Museum of Art Guide (German)
•The Metropolitan Museum of Art Guide (Italian)
•The Metropolitan Museum of Art Guide (Japanese)
•The Metropolitan Museum of Art Guide (Korean)
•The Metropolitan Museum of Art Guide (Portuguese)
•The Metropolitan Museum of Art Guide (Russian)
•The Metropolitan Museum of Art Guide (Spanish)
•The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Vol. 1, Egypt and the Ancient Near East
•One Met. Many Worlds.
•“The Temple of Dendur”: The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, v. 36, no. 1 (Summer, 1978)
•The Year One: Art of the Ancient World East and West
Source: Sold on Ebay for $200 Jan. 2012.
A.H. Gregg was a prominent business man in Farmer Village, now called Interlaken, NY. They originally produced agriculture machinery, and later moved to Trumansburg, NY and established Gregg Iron Works. The principle article of manufacture was the Meadow King Mower, but other implements were added as the capacity of the works increased as the demand warranted. The Osborn Sulky Plow, Sharpe Horse Rake, Morse Horse Rake, King of the Lawn and Young America Lawn Mowers, and later, reaping machines and twine binders were built to quite an extent.The annual out- put for several years was in the neighborhood of 2,000 mowers, 500 reapers, 1,500 rakes, 1,500 lawn mowers, 500 sulky plows, besides hand plows and miscellaneous tools.
This rare pass is signed on front by Gregg, with information on back. There is an embossed stamp on the signature portion as well. In good condition with some wear and light soiling. Please see photo. If you collect 19th century Americana history, World's Fair / Expo, photography, etc. this is a treasure you will not see again! Add this to your image or paper / ephemera collection. Important genealogy research importance too. Combine shipping on multiple bid wins!
International Cotton Exposition (I.C.E) was a World's Fair held in Atlanta, Georgia from October 5 to December 3 of 1881. h The location was along the Western & Atlantic Railroad tracks near the present day King Plow development. It planned to show the progress made since the city's destruction during the Battle of Atlanta and new developments in cotton production.
Placed a short train ride from downtown, it was designed so that the largest building could later be used as a cotton mill. A quarter of a million people attended generating between $220,000 and $250,000 in receipts split evenly between sales and gate receipts.
Founding
The idea of holding such an exhibition in the South was first suggested by Edward Atkinson of york who in August 1880 wrote a letter to a New York journal discussing the great waste incident to the methods then in use in the gathering and handling of the cotton crop and advised the exhibition to bring all of those interested in the production of this great Southern staple for the purpose of improvement. The Atlanta Constitution republished and urged the importance of some action in regard thereto. A few weeks after the publication of this letter it was announced that Mr. Atkinson was about to make a Southern trip for the purpose of putting the suggestion in form. Mr. H. I. Kimball being impressed with the importance of the enterprise and personally acquainted with Mr. Atkinson, invited him to Atlanta to address the people on the subject. This invitation Mr. Atkinson accepted, and at the solicitation of many prominent citizens of Atlanta he delivered, on October 28, 1880, an address in the senate chamber, in which he advocated Atlanta as the proper place in which to hold a cotton exhibition, such as would result in devising improved methods in the cultivation of the cotton as well as to be a stimulus to the entire industrial development of this section.
Early that november, James W. Nagle and J. W. Ryckman came to Atlanta to ascertain what action the citizens proposed to take in the matter. At their suggestion several preliminary meetings were held. A committee consisting of Governor A.H. Colquitt, Mayor W.L. Calhoun, ex-Governor R.B. Bullock and J.W. Ryckman was appointed to prepare a plan for preliminary organization, which resulted in the formation of such an organization and the election of Senator Joseph E. Brown, president; S.M. Inman, treasurer and Ryckman, secretary.
[edit] Incorporation
In February 1881, the chamber of commerce proposed and a corporation was organized under the general law, and a charter was obtained from the court. The Atlanta incorporators were those above plus R.F. Maddox, Benjamin E. Crane, Evan P. Howell, M.C. Kiser, Robert J. Lowry, Sidney Root, Campbell Wallace, J.F. Cummings, W.P. Inman, J.C. Peck, L.P. Grant, W.A. Moore, G.J. Foreacre, Richard Peters and E.P. Chamberlin. Associated with them were citizens of several other counties in Georigia and of the states of Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, North and South Carolina, Alabama, Louisiana, Missouri, Massachusetts, New York, Maine, Rhode Island and of London, England. Thus equipped the new enterprise commenced active operations.
At first it was only contemplated that the exposition should be confined to cotton and all pertaining thereto, in its culture, transportation, manufacture, etc. The capital stock of the corporation was originally fixed at $100,000 in shares of $100. As the work advanced, however, and as the country became interested in the subject, it was decided to open its doors for the admission of all products from every section, and the capital stock was therefore to $200,000. H.I Kimball was elected chairman of the 25 member executive committee whose mission was to raise the money.
It was believed if Atlanta subscribed one-third the amount required, other cities interested in the succedss of the enterprise would contribute the balance. A canvass of the city was made, and in one day the amount proportioned to Atlanta was secured. Mr. Kimball was authorized to visit Northern cities and endeavor to interest them in the undertaking. He visited New York and secured subscriptions to two hundred and fifty-three shares of stock ($25,300); Boston took sixty shares; Baltimore, forty-eight; Norfolk, VA buying twenty-five; Philadelphia, forty-three; Cincinnati, seventy-nine. The gratifying result of Mr. Kimball's work in the North and the apparent interest manifested by the whole country caused the executive committee to take immediate steps to put the whole work of organizing and conducting the enterprise in hand. Kimball was named director-general and CEO.
[edit] Construction begins
Contemporary rendering of the 1881 Exposition
Oglethorpe Park was selected as the site of the exposition. It belonged to the city and was located two and one half miles northwest from the railroad depot, and on the line of the Western & Atlantic Railroad. This park was originally laid out and improved under the direction of Mr. Kimball, in 1870 for the use of agricultural fairs, but the work of adapting the grounds and erecting the necessary buildings for the exposition was not an easy task. The work was begun under Mr. Kimball's direction and rapidly pushed to completion and made ready in ample time for the opening of the exposition.
The main building was constructed after a general model of a cotton factory, as suggested by Mr. Atkinson, the form being a Greek cross, the transept nearly half the length, the agricultural and carriage annexes extending along the southern side, and the mineral and woods department forming an annex at the extreme western end of the building. Its extreme length was seven hundred and twenty feet, the length of the transport four hundred feet, and the width of the arms ninety-six feet. The dimensions of the remaining principal buildings were as follows:
Railroad building, 200x100 fee
Railroad annexes, 40x60 and 40x100 feet
Agricultural implement building 96x288 feet
Carriage annex, 96x212 feet
Art and industry building, 520x60 feet
Judge's hall, 90x120 feet
Horticultural hall, 40x80 feet
Restaurant, 100x200 feet
There were several other buildings, as the Florida building, press pavilion, police headquarters, etc, and quite a number of individuals or collective exhibitors erected buildings for themselves.
[edit] Opening
The exposition was opened on October 5, 1881 and the occasion formed a memorable day in the history of Atlanta. The event was attended by many governors, senators and congressmen and addresses were made by Kimball, Governor Colquitt, North Carolina Senator Z.B. Vance and Indiana Senator D.W. Voorhees.
The exposition was a success in every way. The entire number of exhibits was 1,113 of which the Southern States contributed more than half; New England and Middle States, 341; Western States, 138; foreign, 7. The gross receipts were $262,513, and the total disbursements $258,475. The average daily attendance was 3,816 for the seventy-six days it was open. The largest number of admissions on any one day occurred on December 7th, Planters' Day, when there were 10,293.
The Exposition Cotton Mill was opened on the site in 1882 and remained in operation until 1969.[1]
Roman, early imperial period, 1st c. CE (pre-79 CE)
Found at Gragnano, villa rustica in loc. Carmiano, kitchen
In the collection of, and photographed on display at, the Museo Archeologico di Stabia 'Libero D'Orsi' in Castellammare di Stabia, Campania, Italy
Inv. ? (spade), 63296 (hoe)
*La Policía Nacional implementa Sistema de Monitoreo Integrado para fortalecer las operaciones contra el narcotráfico*
*LA INNOVACIÓN Y LA TECNOLOGÍA* operacional para la lucha antidrogas se fortalecen con un Sistema Táctico de Comunicaciones, Comando y Control y con aeronaves no tripuladas que serán entregadas por la Embajada de los Estados Unidos. La seguridad en las áreas de operaciones y de cultivos ilícitos cuenta con nuevas y avanzadas herramientas, en el marco del eje de control y prevención del plan de choque ‘El que la hace la paga’.
*BOGOTÁ D.C*. Para seguirles haciendo frente a los retos que exige la lucha contra el narcotráfico y atendiendo la dinámica en el ejercicio de nuevas estrategias para contrarrestar y atacar este flagelo, la Dirección de Antinarcóticos de la Policía Nacional de todos los colombianos, a través de las alianzas con el Gobierno de los Estados Unidos, recibe los Sistemas Aéreos Remotamente Tripulados ‘SIART’ y el Sistema Integrado de Comunicaciones, los cuales permiten, mediante un software, la interacción de imágenes e integración de datos en las áreas de operaciones.
Los nuevos equipos de última generación y avanzada innovación tecnológica que implementará la Dirección de Antinarcóticos están estructurados por un Sistema Integrado Táctico, que mantendrá una comunicación permanente con las patrullas desplegadas en la zonas de operación a nivel nacional y de cultivos ilícitos y con el centro estratégico en tiempo real, transmitiendo voces, datos y videos durante el transcurso de operaciones contra el Sistema de Drogas Ilícitas (SDI), brindando de esta manera líneas seguras, oportunas y confiables.
Este Sistema Táctico de Comunicaciones, Comando y Control se convierte en un apoyo fundamental para las operaciones de la Policía Nacional. Se trata, en síntesis, de unos equipos de radio que permiten mayor alcance en terreno e integrar múltiples redes de comunicaciones, para obtener un mayor control sobre las zonas en las que se adelantan las acciones de la Policía Nacional, en ocasiones articuladas con otras fuerzas.
Adicionalmente, la Institución cuenta ahora con 28 Sistemas Aéreos Remotamente Tripulados ‘SIART’ que serán asignados a las Compañías Antinarcóticos para la seguridad de la erradicación de cultivos ilícitos, lo que permitirá el desarrollo de operaciones diurnas y nocturnas filmadas en alta definición las cuales transmitirán en tiempo real el control de multitudes, la seguridad perimetral de las compañías que se encuentran en el área y el reconocimiento cercano sobre el terreno, todo para minimizar los riesgos.
Entre tanto, desde el Centro Estratégico de Control se podrá verificar la seguridad en los desplazamientos, la detección de cultivos ilícitos a corta distancia, la deforestación y se logrará monitorear el desarrollo de actividades de inteligencia y procedimientos judiciales.
Este avance tecnológico, que funcionará en el marco del eje de control y prevención del plan de choque ‘El que la hace la paga’, Más cerca del ciudadano, tiene el objetivo de mantener las condiciones de convivencia y seguridad ciudadana, también como parte de la misionalidad constitucional de conservar y proteger el medio ambiente, todo alineado al monitoreo y verificación de la sustitución de cultivos ilícitos.
Lo anterior teniendo en cuenta la Estrategia de Intervención Integral contra el Narcotráfico, contemplada en el Plan Estratégico Institucional ‘Colombia Bicentenaria’, Seguridad con legalidad, más cerca del ciudadano, que compila la política antidrogas del Gobierno Nacional y los alcances del proceso de Modernización y Transformación Institucional (MTI), hoja de ruta con visión 2030 que busca entregarle al país policías más humanos, íntegros, disciplinados, innovadores y efectivos en su gestión; policías más cerca del ciudadano.
La Institución reitera que está disponible la Línea 167 Antidrogas ‘Todos contra el narcotráfico’, en la que la colaboración ciudadana, especialmente a través de la Red de Participación Cívica, es clave para reportar la presencia de jíbaros u ‘ollas’ en barrios y comunidades y cualquier actividad relacionada con el tráfico de drogas ilícitas.
*La Policía Nacional implementa Sistema de Monitoreo Integrado para fortalecer las operaciones contra el narcotráfico*
*LA INNOVACIÓN Y LA TECNOLOGÍA* operacional para la lucha antidrogas se fortalecen con un Sistema Táctico de Comunicaciones, Comando y Control y con aeronaves no tripuladas que serán entregadas por la Embajada de los Estados Unidos. La seguridad en las áreas de operaciones y de cultivos ilícitos cuenta con nuevas y avanzadas herramientas, en el marco del eje de control y prevención del plan de choque ‘El que la hace la paga’.
*BOGOTÁ D.C*. Para seguirles haciendo frente a los retos que exige la lucha contra el narcotráfico y atendiendo la dinámica en el ejercicio de nuevas estrategias para contrarrestar y atacar este flagelo, la Dirección de Antinarcóticos de la Policía Nacional de todos los colombianos, a través de las alianzas con el Gobierno de los Estados Unidos, recibe los Sistemas Aéreos Remotamente Tripulados ‘SIART’ y el Sistema Integrado de Comunicaciones, los cuales permiten, mediante un software, la interacción de imágenes e integración de datos en las áreas de operaciones.
Los nuevos equipos de última generación y avanzada innovación tecnológica que implementará la Dirección de Antinarcóticos están estructurados por un Sistema Integrado Táctico, que mantendrá una comunicación permanente con las patrullas desplegadas en la zonas de operación a nivel nacional y de cultivos ilícitos y con el centro estratégico en tiempo real, transmitiendo voces, datos y videos durante el transcurso de operaciones contra el Sistema de Drogas Ilícitas (SDI), brindando de esta manera líneas seguras, oportunas y confiables.
Este Sistema Táctico de Comunicaciones, Comando y Control se convierte en un apoyo fundamental para las operaciones de la Policía Nacional. Se trata, en síntesis, de unos equipos de radio que permiten mayor alcance en terreno e integrar múltiples redes de comunicaciones, para obtener un mayor control sobre las zonas en las que se adelantan las acciones de la Policía Nacional, en ocasiones articuladas con otras fuerzas.
Adicionalmente, la Institución cuenta ahora con 28 Sistemas Aéreos Remotamente Tripulados ‘SIART’ que serán asignados a las Compañías Antinarcóticos para la seguridad de la erradicación de cultivos ilícitos, lo que permitirá el desarrollo de operaciones diurnas y nocturnas filmadas en alta definición las cuales transmitirán en tiempo real el control de multitudes, la seguridad perimetral de las compañías que se encuentran en el área y el reconocimiento cercano sobre el terreno, todo para minimizar los riesgos.
Entre tanto, desde el Centro Estratégico de Control se podrá verificar la seguridad en los desplazamientos, la detección de cultivos ilícitos a corta distancia, la deforestación y se logrará monitorear el desarrollo de actividades de inteligencia y procedimientos judiciales.
Este avance tecnológico, que funcionará en el marco del eje de control y prevención del plan de choque ‘El que la hace la paga’, Más cerca del ciudadano, tiene el objetivo de mantener las condiciones de convivencia y seguridad ciudadana, también como parte de la misionalidad constitucional de conservar y proteger el medio ambiente, todo alineado al monitoreo y verificación de la sustitución de cultivos ilícitos.
Lo anterior teniendo en cuenta la Estrategia de Intervención Integral contra el Narcotráfico, contemplada en el Plan Estratégico Institucional ‘Colombia Bicentenaria’, Seguridad con legalidad, más cerca del ciudadano, que compila la política antidrogas del Gobierno Nacional y los alcances del proceso de Modernización y Transformación Institucional (MTI), hoja de ruta con visión 2030 que busca entregarle al país policías más humanos, íntegros, disciplinados, innovadores y efectivos en su gestión; policías más cerca del ciudadano.
La Institución reitera que está disponible la Línea 167 Antidrogas ‘Todos contra el narcotráfico’, en la que la colaboración ciudadana, especialmente a través de la Red de Participación Cívica, es clave para reportar la presencia de jíbaros u ‘ollas’ en barrios y comunidades y cualquier actividad relacionada con el tráfico de drogas ilícitas.
ANNUAL REPORT -2011-2012 Presented by Shri. C. Muthiah
Principal
Kendriya Vidyalaya Narimedu,
Madurai-625002
“The end-product of education should be a free creative man,” says Dr. S. Radhakrishnan. Our annual report outlines our efforts to create such individuals who are definitely going to be assets to our country. It gives me great pride today to list out the achievements of our students in different areas in the course of this academic year.
ACADEMIC ACIEVEMENTS:
The Board exam results of the year 2011-12 have been very encouraging. While class X and the Science stream of class XII produced 100% result, the Commerce stream and Humanities stream result was 97%. In 2012 AISSE class X, 12 students have been awarded Certificate of merit by the CBSE for scoring A1 grades in all the five subjects. They are awarded Rs. 5000 each as per KVS norms.
In the AISSCE 2012 class XII, R. Prathima secured 100% in Biology and has figured in the 0.1% Merit list issued by the CBSE.
In addition to this, more than 50% of the students of the Science stream have secured more than 400 marks out of 500 in the AISSCE exam.
In class XII, 5 students from the Science stream and 2 students from the Humanities stream have been declared regional toppers and are awarded Rs. 5000/- by the Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan. It gives me great pride here to say that out of the three regional toppers in the humanities stream, the first two rank holders are from our school. In addition to this, Mrs. S.Vanmathy Devi, PGT History has the rare distinction of securing a performance Index of 100% in History in the Humanities stream.
With regard to other classes, our school follows the continuous and comprehensive system of evaluation of students implemented by CBSE. The children of classes III to X are assessed through this method. The evaluation is done through a series of activities and paper pencil tests which make up the formative assessments and the term-end summative assessments. As the evaluation in this system is continuous, the child is made to work consistently throughout the year, which to a great extent, reduces his stress and fear of exams. A child is also able to identify his areas of interest and to improve significantly on them.
In the internal exams, the primary and the secondary sections upto class IX , produced 100% results.
Parent –teacher meetings are conducted regularly to apprise the parents of their wards’ performances in these tests.
Our teachers are taking all efforts to help the slow learners and the gifted children by giving them assignments suited to their needs. Special classes are taken in the mornings and in the evenings, both before and after the school hours and during the breaks.
CO-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES:
Many inter-house competitions are conducted round the year, to bring out the latent talents of the children. Our school played host to the cluster level CCA competitions for the Primary and 24 students from our vidyalaya won prizes in various competitions.
Apart from this, children are also encouraged to participate in many inter-school competitions which give them an opportunity to showcase their talents.
NCC:
The NCC unit of our vidyalaya was commissioned in the year 2006 and from then on, it has grown from strength to strength. 50 students have enrolled as cadets this year with G.S. Murugan, PRT and commissioned officer, guiding them.25 NCC cadets attended the CATC camp held at Kambam this year from 13th to 22nd of May.
A conference on “Save Energy” was conducted on 30.10.12 in our school by the NCC and 50 cadets participated in this conference.
I take this opportunity to announce with great pride that a girl’s wing of the NCC has been approved and will start functioning from the next academic year.
ADVENTURE ACTIVITIES:
25 boys and 25 girls, along with 5 escort teachers, went on an adventure trip to Ooty and Mettupalayam from 30.5.2012 to 2.6.2012. The children indulged in activities like trekking, Open Air Balloon Flying, Rope and tower climbing and Bungy ejection.
SCOUTS AND GUIDES:
The scouts and guides wing, along with the cubs and the bulbuls wing of this Vidyalaya, is very active and regular classes are conducted every Friday. At present, there are 3 Scout units and 3 Guide units functioning effectively in our school.
A one-day camp was organised in our school on 22.2.2012. 150 scouts, 60 guides and nearly 90 cubs and bulbuls participated in this camp.
3 Scouts and 3 guides were selected to attend the Rajyapuraskar Testing Camp at Neela Kurinchi Southern Railway Campsite at Ketti, the Nilgris.
SOCIAL SCIENCE EXHIBITION:
In order to promote the spirit of national integration, KVS organises the social science exhibition and the National Integration camp every year. This year, our school was selected to play the host for the cluster- level social science exhibition which was conducted on 9.10.12. Our students made an almost clean sweep of the prizes in the competitions held as part of this programme. They stood first in Hindi debate, English Debate, Group song, Skit and Quiz competitions and became eligible for contesting in the regional level competitions held at KV, Ashok Nagar, Chennai. There too, the children showed their prowess by winning the first position in Skit, the second position in Hindi debate and the third position in Group song competitions. The skit went on to represent the Chennai region in the National level exhibition held at Jaipur. 4 projects from our school also got selected for the Nationals.
SCIENCE EXHIBITION:
The vidyalaya-level Science exhibition was conducted on 16.8.2012 and 2 projects from each sub-theme were selected for the Regional level exhibition held at KV, HVF, Avadi on 7th and 8th of September.
NATIONAL CHILDREN’S SCIENCE CONGRESS:
Regional level Children’s science Congress was held at KV, OFT Trichy on 9.11.12. Six teams of 4 members each participated from our school. The projects of two teams headed by Nitish Kumar (IX B) and T. Ramanan (XI A2) were selected to take part in the national level contest. The project of Master Nitish Kumar and his team-mates Master M. Pravin Gulschand, R. Kabilan and s. Navaneetha Krishnan, all of class IX B, has been selected for the Open National congress to be held at Varanasi, later this month. This project was done under the able guidance of Mrs.Jansi Ruth Margaret, TGT Science and Ms I.Selvamathy, PGT(Phy)of our Vidyalaya.
MATHEMATICS DEPARTMENT:
This academic year has been declared as the Year of Mathematics and in connection with this, many activities were conducted in the Vidyalaya. Kumari. Brinda of class VIII A won the first position in the Regional level quiz competition in the Junior level and will be participating in the National level competition, later this month. Master Sreeraj Janardhan of XII A1 won the II position in the senior category and Master Aswanth of class VIII D won the III position in the Junior category at Regional level.
A power point presentation on the topic “Tricks and tips in Maths” prepared by Ms. Selvamathy, PGT Physics won the II position at regional level.
A magazine on mathematics was released in the Vidyalaya and it was selected in the cluster level competition conducted at KV,Thiruparankundram, Madurai.
COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT:
Our school has taken a leap into the future by installing 10 smart boards. This technological marvel has certainly made the teaching-learning environment in our school more interesting and more effective.
ACHIEVEMENTS IN SPORTS AND GAMES:
Our annual Sports Day was celebrated on 3.8.12 with great fanfare. Our school also hosted the Cluser level Kho-Kho Meet for both boys and girls, the KVS Chennai regional athletic Meet for Girls and the Cluster level Primary Sports Meet this academic year. Our Primary children emerged the champions in the Primary sports Meet.
The coaching camp for Pre-national athletics for girls was held in our Vidyalaya from 7.10.12 to 13.10.12.
At the Regional level meets, the girls under 19 team won the gold and the under 19 boys team won the silver. The Badminton team won the gold medal in the team event. In shooting, our student Priya Damodharan of class IX A won the gold and created a new record in the event. She was selected to the SGFI games where she has brought laurels to our school by winning the silver medal and a cash award of Rs.3000/- Our school sent the largest contingent of 33 students from our Vidyalaya to the 43rd KVS National sports Meet and these students, among them won Rs. 18,000/ as cash awards for winning various events. 6 of them were selected for the SGFI which will be held this month and the next at various locations.
LIBRARY:
Our school library is well-equipped and fully automated with an extensive and varied collection of books, magazines and dailies. 3 computers with internet connection and an exclusive website for the library are the other added attractions.
ALUMNI ASSOCIATION:
The Alumni Association of our school has always been a pillar of strength to us, supporting us both monetarily and otherwise. Mr. Bhimsingh, secretary of the Association along with the other members, has contributed significantly to the growth of the school. Several scholarships have been instituted by the Association to help the needy, meritorious students in their pursuit of excellence. At present, 18 students are the beneficiaries of their benevolence.
The Association also rewards the toppers of class XI and XII. They have set up A.K. Annasamy Memorial Scholarship for two best students in class XII and Visalakshi Kalyanasundaram Memorial Prize for two best students in class XI. 2 prizes for the toppers in Maths in class XII Board Exams have been instituted by H. Balakrishnan, Ex. PGT Maths.
I take this opportunity to thank the Association for their constant support and I sincerely hope that their patronage will continue in the years to come.
Before I end this report, I would fail in my duties if I don’t mention the awards won by our teachers for their meritorious service to the student community. Mrs. Indra Ramaraju, PRT and HM I/c, Sri. M Pannerselvam, TGT PhE and Sri. K. Ramasamy, Librarian have been selected for the prestigious Regional Incentive Awards by the KVS. These teachers will be felicitated on KVS Foundation day ie. Dec. 15th at KV, Meenambakkam, Chennai. Two more teachers, Mrs. V. Gowri, PGT Chemistry and Mrs. Amirtha Anbalagan, PRT have been nominated as the Best Science teachers from our school. They too will be felicitated shortly. This recognition will, I am sure, inspire many more teachers to give their best and thereby benefit both the students and the society.
With this positive note, I end my report.
I wish you all a very pleasant and entertaining evening.
Thank you
-o0o-
Seen at the Vintage Machinery Display, World Ploughing Championships 2010. Methven, Canterbury New Zealand. Full Size.
The project was implemented by architect Irina Mayetnaya and Mikhail Golub. The 1,000 square feet apartment is located in Kiev, Ukraine. The apartment layout planning was limited by all windows facing one side of the building. The goal was to create a modern and functional apartment for the young family with children. Photos courtesy of Andrey Avdeenko.
Tranche 2 of the Bee Network will be implemented on 24 March and Stagecoach will take over operations at the one-time Oldham Corporation depot from First, including the majority of services between Manchester and Oldham. However, Stagecoach's frequent 76 service between the same points is operated from Hyde Road depot (originally used by Manchester Corporation), so is not due to become part of the Bee Network until January 2025. This might cause some confusion among the travelling public, or at least the few who take any notice of who runs their buses, but the confusion will only be compounded by sights such as this. Bus 10611, in 'old' Stagecoach group colours has gained Bee Network vinyls, which suggests that it is due to be transferred either to Oldham or Queens Road in readiness for the March 2024 changes, after which it should no longer be seen on the 76. (Photo taken 27 Feb 2024, posted 29 Feb 2024)
Antique Farm Implement,
Penn Farm Agricultural Heritage Center.
Cedar Hill State Park. Cedar Hill, Texas.
Dallas County. 24 December 2018.
Olympus E-P5. Panasonic Lumix G Vario 45-200mm f/4-5.6 II.
(45mm) f/8 @ 1/100 sec. ISO 400.
«결사관찰».
Some women are busy decorating their block of flats with another slogan. Seen in Namsinuiju.
Before I continue my thoughts on Archie Sonic, and eventual Megaman comics, I thought I would give my thoughts on the only handheld Sonic game I’ve ever played so far, and was one of my first introductions to his franchise, and is quite possibly the only game to include ideas from other forms of media of course I’m talking about Sonic Chronicles: The Dark Brotherhood for the Nintendo DS, made by Bioware before they being bought up by EA (who may or may not run into legal trouble with other countries based on their greed), and to be frank I want SEGA to bring this game back, and give this game a proper sequel.
The main reason I like this game is the plot, set after a battle with Eggman Sonic finds himself reuniting with friend, and foe alike to stop a new threat from stealing the Chaos Emeralds along with the Master Emerald, and the biggest thing this game brings to the table in how it adds more plot with Knuckles, they decided to bring in a concept that was implemented into the Comics (with a better execution): a group of Echidnas called the Nocturnus Clan that was the biggest rival to the Knuckles Tribe, that was banished to another dimension where after 3000 years Lord IX (yes that’s his name) sends a squad back to their world where they can utilize the McGuffins that I mentioned earlier to bring back them back, and conquer the world. The only thing that I’m not a big fan of is the second half, after Sonic and the gang travel to the Twilight cage they travel to different planetoids inhabited by different groups of “aliens” who are also there (I think this plot inspired by the third season of Sonic X, only doesn’t work here in my opinion) while it might work in other franchises, it really doesn’t work here, and I think the reason why is majority of these “worlds” aren’t really interesting, it all boils down to get the Chaos Emerald then move to the next one, and it doesn’t pick up until you have the showdown with Lord IX. Even with some of the later half, I still enjoyed the story thanks to some of the character interactions especially with Shade, and I would love to see SEGA revisit these ideas, and characters with either a sequel, or integrating it with the current IDW comics.
Moving onto the gameplay its very similar Legend of Zelda the Phantom Hourglass were you can control Sonic, or any of his allies in the many environments and battle enemies in a vain like early Final Fantasy games, on the bottom screen of the DS with your stylus, with the map you can use the induvial characters to bypass various hazards, or obstacles blocking your progress, for example Sonic can use speed ramps to get to hidden areas, or Amy and Knuckles can smash boxes blocking their path. For the battles up to four characters face up to four enemies, or one, you have to follow a prompt in order to attack, defend, or heal while it does take some time to getting used to, I found this system enjoyable and engaging, and depending on which characters are in your party you can perform a team attack, for example Sonic, and Tails can use an attack called “Blue Bomber” were Tails lifts Sonic into the air in order for Sonic to use the momentum to attack their enemies. During most cutscenes you can actually give Sonic dialog and some of the responses can make him a prick if you desire which I never did make him one, and truth be told I thought this feature was odd for a Sonic game despite it being made Bioware. Also in terms of side quests there’s not really any good ones, for example Rouge has you has collecting Noturnus Tech that she can handover G.U.N. that she ends quickly without any fan fair, course there’s the “side quest” where if you don’t use Shadow he goes off on his own, then acts really emo if you ask him about, the one side quest I found really intriguing is the second one involving the exiled echidna Nestor, while looking for items to cure his homesickness, you stumble upon tablets that give an explanation to why the Nocturnus Clan amongst other inhabitants are in the Twilight Cage (the dimension in which the second part of game takes place), apparently it acts like a prison that a higher being deems “too dangerous” and this side plot was in my opinion was supposed to act as a foreshadowing for a future game which still fascinates me to this day.
Sadly the two down falls to Sonic Chronicles are the graphics, and the soundtrack even compared to other DS titles like Super Mario 64 DS, and The two Legend of Zelda games (that being Phantom Hour Glass, and Spirit Tracks respectively), starting with the former the graphics in this game are very choppy, reminds me of 3D games found on the Atari Jaguar, and while I appreciate the Comic look whenever the cutscenes show up to give the plot to the story, I kind of wish they kept that in mind with the gameplay, as for the soundtrack, the only thing I can remember is the guitar rift that plays before the title screen appears, but besides that I can’t remember anything else from battle tracks, to even ambience for the hub worlds, nothing seems to stand out, and while I couldn’t tell anyone the names of the tracks, I can remember the Soundtracks from Pokémon, and even Medabots on the Gameboy Advance. Now while those reasons hold the game back in my opinion, I feel like if Bioware were to make a sequel they could use what they’ve learned from this game, it could’ve lead to a decent spinoff series, it’s just that they never did it, I don’t know if it is because of poor sales, EA acquiring Bioware a sequel never happened which still bums me to this very day, although I highly doubt that the stupid fuck known as Ken Penders had anything to do with the game getting a sequel, mostly cause they never went to court, it just didn’t fucking happen.
Now while he worked on the comics Penders did try to make something with Knuckles, however here its actually done better, for starters I found the design of Nocturnus to be superior to the Dark Legion found in the comics not only they are better designed, actual care was implemented to make these guys not only a bigger threat, but they can fit into the lore of the Sonic series after the first 3D adventure game, and I still think its fucking horse shit that this former writer has the edacity to claim that Bioware stole his shit ideas when he worked on comics before he quit (the same type of argument that companies use when they try to accuse other companies when they make a better product they originally made, looking at Apple when threating other Smartphones in which makes them look very whiney, and greedy in the progress), seriously for their only time working on a Sonic game for the Nintendo DS they did better than a has-been writer, who knew.
While Sonic Chronicles: the Dark Brotherhood does have its share of I still think this game has a lot of good ideas, ideas that should be incorporated in the main series of the games, or comics and I really hope SEGA, another developer, or even IDW cause I still want to see a sequel to this game regardless of what bullshit went behind the scenes.