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Public Domain. Suggested credit: Library of Congress via pingnews. Additional information from source:
TITLE: [Inez Milholland Boissevain, wearing white cape, seated on white horse at the National American Woman Suffrage Association parade, March 3, 1913, Washington, D.C.]
CALL NUMBER: LOT 11052-2 [item] [P&P]
Check for an online group record (may link to related items)
REPRODUCTION NUMBER: LC-DIG-ppmsc-00031 (digital file from original photograph)
LC-USZ62-77359 (b&w film copy neg.)
No known restrictions on publication.
MEDIUM: 1 photographic print.
CREATED/PUBLISHED: [19]13 March 3.
NOTES:
Photo shows lawyer Inez Milholland Boissevain riding astride in the March 13, 1913, suffrage parade in Washington, D.C., as the first of four mounted heralds. In her short life Milholland shared with many of her fellow marchers a commitment to social reform. She joined organizations striving to improve the working conditions of children and the lives of African Americans. She was also a strong supporter of the shirtwaist and laundry workers. Three years after the parade, she collapsed and died at age thirty during a western suffrage lecture tour. (Source: "Marching for the Vote," by Sheridan Harvey, in American Women, 2001, memory.loc.gov/ammem/awhhtml/aw01e/aw01e.html)
Caption from the negative LC-B2-2502-5: Suffrage parade 3/3/13.
George Grantham Bain Collection (Library of Congress).
Published in: American women : a Library of Congress guide for the study of women's history and culture in the United States / edited by Sheridan Harvey ... [et al.]. Washington : Library of Congress, 2001, p. 33.
Exhibited: Joan of Arc, Knights of Columbus Museum, New Haven, CT, May - August, 2007.
SUBJECTS:
Boissevain, Inez Milholland, 1886-1916.
Suffragists--1910-1920.
Women--Political activity--Washington (D.C.)--1910-1920.
Women's suffrage--Washington (D.C.)--1910-1920.
Horseback riding--Washington (D.C.)--1910-1920.
Parades & processions--Washington (D.C.)--1910-1920.
FORMAT:
Photographic prints 1910-1920.
REPOSITORY: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
DIGITAL ID: (digital file from original photograph) ppmsc 00031 hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/ppmsc.00031
(digital file from b&w film copy neg.) cph 3b24499 hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3b24499
CARD #: 97510669
The complete project -> lucanapoli.altervista.org/volontari.html
Turkyan è un ragazzo del 1975, Macedone. Lui aveva possedimenti ed una bella casa in Macedonia. Ha perso tutto a causa della guerra. Una persona solare che si intristisce un pò quando parla della sua famiglia (moglie e due figli) rimasti in Macedonia a cui periodicamente spedisce soldi.
Dorme in un rifugio di fortuna e passa una volta alla settimana in Caritas per fare la doccia.
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Turkyan is from Macedonia. He used to be rich. He lost everything because of the war.
He is alone in Italy. The wife and the kids are still in Macedonia. Thanks to Caritas he takes a shower once a week.
Una piccola Caritas di un paese di provincia. Uno sparuto gruppo di volontari talvolta ben oltre i 70 anni.
Un gruppo di donne e uomini che si occupa della distribuzione di cibo e di indumenti.
Cinquanta metri quadri ricavati da un piccolo locale con sottoscala al lato di una parrocchia; è qui che ogni settimana si presentano donne e uomini di diverse etnie ed estrazione sociale chiedendo cibo e vestiti.
Scorre in questo angusto spazio tutta l'ingiustizia della moderna società.
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A small Caritas charity group in a small provincial village. A scanty group of volunteers, at times aged well over seventy.
A group of men and women taking care of distributing free food and clothes.
Fifty square meters in a tiny structure next to a parish. It is here that every week men and women belonging to different ethnic groups and social ranks turn up, begging for food and clothes.
All the injustice of modern society flows in this tight space.
Check out the new dress on my eBay shop :) www.ebay.com/sch/eifeldolldress/m.html?item=261672350654&...
Doz Cabezas, AZ, (est. 1879, pop. <25), elevation 5,082 ft. (1,549 m)
"The Dos Cabezasite is the only person on the globe who can sit serenely down and smile, and smile again, amid conditions and adversities which would madden a lowly follower of the lamb. When Gabriel blows his horn he will find some of these genial old fellows sitting on a rock telling each other of the promising future of the camp, or how rich the Juniper mine is." —“Tombstone Epitaph,” 28 Apr 1887
• Dos Cabezas, AZ is a "living" Sonoran Desert ghost town with few remaining residents • located in the Sulphur Springs Valley [photo] of Cochise County • lies beside the Dos Cabezas ("Two Heads") mountain range, named for its twin bald summits
• an historically significant spring with potable water, once known as Dos Cabezas Spring, stands about a half mi. southwest of the town by the old Southern Emigrant Trail, a principal artery of the westward movement • the trail descends to the valley from Apache Spring through Apache Pass
• on 4 Sep 1851, John Russell Bartlett & his Boundary Survey Commission were heading west through what was, for over 300 yrs., Spanish/Mexican territory • most of the land had been ceded to the U.S. in 1848, ending the controversial Mexican-American War, but much of southernmost Arizona & New Mexico remained under the Mexican flag • Bartlett's mission was to work with a Mexican survey team to formally define the post-war US-Mexico border
• the survey was a prelude to the 1853-54 Gadsden Purchase which, for $10MM, acquired 29,670 sq. mi. of Mexican territory south of the Gila River, Cochise County included • the deal was signed by President Franklin Pierce, a northern, anti-abolitionist ("doughface") Democrat • it was intended to facilitate development of a road, canal and/or New Orleans-LA railroad, & to open the southwest to Southern expansion, seemingly ignoring the fact that an economy based on slave-produced cotton was unlikely to flourish in the desert — “Cochise and his Times”
• with potable water a precious commodity for both 2- & 4- legged desert travelers, Apache Spring – like many watering holes – became the site of a stagecoach stop c. 1857 • was operated by the San Antonio-San Diego "San-San" Mail Line, commonly known as "Jackass Mail" • Chiricahua Apache attacks made Apache Pass the most perilous stop on the line's Birch Route [map], named for company owner James Birch (1827-1857) —“The West is Linked”
• the 1,476 mi. daylight-only journey — with daily stops for 2 meals (45 min. each) & team switches (5-10 min.) — typically took less than 30 days & could be as few as 22 • a one-way ticket cost $150, meals & 30 lb. baggage allowance included —“Deconstructing the Jackass Mail Route”
• the Jackass line had a fleet of celerity (mud) wagons, vehicles suited for travel in intense heat over rugged terrain • it also operated fifty 2,500 lb. Concord stagecoaches [photo] manufactured by the Abbot Downing Co. in Concord, NH
"To feel oneself bouncing—now on the hard seat, now against the roof, and now against the side of the wagon—was no joke. Strung beneath the passenger compartment, wide leather straps called 'thorough braces' cradled the coach, causing it to swing front to back. Motion sickness was a common complaint, and ginger root was the favored curative." —Historynet
• each stage could accommodate 9-12 passengers on three benches inside & up to 10 more on the roof • the coaches were drawn by four- & six-mule teams • the company maintained 200 head of mules in its western corrals
“The coach was fitted with three seats, and these were occupied by nine passengers. As occupants of the front and middle seats faced each other, it was necessary for these six people to interlock their knees; and there being room inside for only ten of the twelve legs, each side of the coach was graced by a foot, now dangling near the wheel, now trying in vain to find a place of support..." —”The History of Stagecoaches in Tucson, Arizona”, Bob Ring
• Tips For Stagecoach Travelers, “Cowboy Chronicles”
• The Passenger Experience, “Desert USA”
"The company recommended that each passenger:... should provide himself with a Sharp's rifle, (not carbine,) with accoutrements and one hundred cartridges, a navy sized Colts revolver and two pounds of balls, a belt and holster, knife and sheath..." —“San Diego Herald” 21 Nov 1857
• the line's stations were built 10-40 mi. apart • some provided rudimentary sleeping accommodations; all had water for passengers, drivers ("whips") & their teams • equipped with corrals, the depots served as relay stations where drivers & draft animals were changed • "swing stations" provided no meals, but larger "home stations," often operated by families, were "meal stops":
"…tough beef or pork fried in a grime-blackened skillet, coarse bread, mesquite beans, a mysterious concoction known as 'slumgullion,' lethally black coffee, and a 'nasty compound of dried apples' that masqueraded under the name of apple pie." —True West
• in Sept 1857 Jackass founder James Birch, sailing to California via Panama, was lost at sea along with 419 other passengers & 30K lbs. of gold, in the S.S. Central America disaster • that same month, the Butterfield-Overland Mail line [photos] began St. Louis to San Francisco service, gradually displacing the Jackass line & absorbing many of its stations
• by 1858 a new, fortified stone depot, Ewell's Stage Station [photo] , rose 4 mi. south of Dos Cabezas Spring • it's unclear which stage line erected the building, but around the time of its completion Jackass Mail quit the route, Butterfield-Overland later decided to bypass "Ewell's" & by 1861 it lay in ruins, destroyed by Apaches
• the Ewell name lived on at a tiny, hardscrabble settlement called Ewell Springs & at Dos Cabezas Spring, renamed Ewell's Spring when the original station was built • by 1879 the National Mail & Transportation Co. had established a new Ewell's Station
• Virginia-born Richard Stoddert "Baldy" Ewell (1817-1872) was a Captain in the First U. S. Dragoons, stationed in the Southwest in the 1850s • he resigned from the U.S. Army in 1861 to join the Confederacy • served in the Civil War as senior commander under Stonewall Jackson & Robert E. Lee • it has been argued that his decisions at the Battle of Gettysburg may have decided the outcome of that engagement
• during Ewell's service in the West, Gila Apache raids along the Southern Emigrant Route prompted a military response • he advocated unrestrained combat: "How the Devil can a soldier stop in the midst of battle and summon a jury of matrons to decide whether a redskin pouring bullets into the soldier is a woman or not." • the 1857 Bonneville Expedition, in which Ewell commanded about 300 men, engaged against Apaches at the Gila River
"…the June 27 fight... was short and sweet …Ewell walking away with the lion's share of the honors… Scarcely an Apache escaped. Nearly 40 warriors were killed or wounded and 45 women and children taken captive. … Ewell was freely acknowledged as the hero of the day; his unhesitating leap to action crushed the western Apaches and forced them to sue for peace." —“Robert E. Lee's Hesitant Commander”, Paul D. Casdorph
• From Lt. John Van Deusen Du Bois's account of the engagement: "An Indian was wounded and his wife carried him in her arms to the chaparral and was covering him with brush when the troops came upon them and killed them both... One fine looking Indian brave was captured and by Col. Bonneville's desire, or express command, was taken out with his hands tied and shot like a dog by a Pueblo Indian—not 30 yards from camp... May God grant that Indian fighting may never make me a brute or harden me so that I can act the coward in this way..." —“Journal of Arizona History”, Vo. 43, No. 2, Arizona Historical Society
• c. 1850, gold veins & a few gold nuggets were discovered around Ewell's Station • in the 1860s wildcatters found gold on both sides of the Dos Cabezas range • by 1862 claims were staked & worked near the mountains & in the Apache Pass area —“Index of Mining Properties”
• in 1866 Congress passed a mining act that proclaimed "mineral lands of the public domain... free and open to exploration and occupation" • in 1872 additional stimulus was provided to "promote mineral exploration and development… in the western United States" —“Congressional Research Service”
• in 1878 John Casey (c. 1834-1904), an immigrant from Ireland, staked the first important claim in the Dos Cabezas area • the Juniper, locally known as the "Casey Gold," was located just ~2 miles NE of Ewell's Spring • John & his brother Dan moved into a cabin at the site • by the end of the year a dozen employees were working the mine
• the news that Casey had struck pay dirt & word that a Southern Pacific RR station would soon be built at Willcox – just 14 mi. away – lured scores of prospectors, e.g., Simon Hansen (1852-1929), a recent immigrant from Denmark who filed 27 claims • with the arrival of the new settlers, a small school was erected • on 20 Oct, 1878, the Dos Cabezas Mining District was officially designated
• in 1879 the “Arizona Miner” reported rich silver & gold deposits & claimed a population at Ewell Springs of 2,000 • other accounts, however, suggest that prior to 1920 the local population probably never exceeded 300 —“The Persistence of Mining Settlements in the Arizona Landscape”, Jonathan Lay Harris, 1971
• amid the rapid growth of 1879, the Ewell Springs settlement gave way to Dos Cabezas, a town with its own post office located a bit uphill from Ewell • John Casey is generally considered its founder • Mississippi-born James Monroe Riggs (1835-1912), once a Lt. Col. in the Confederate Army, became Dos Cabezas' 1st postmaster & opened a store he named Traveler's Rest
• by 1880 the nascent town had ~30 adobe houses & 15 families • sixty-five voters were registered in 1882, the year the town's newspaper, the “Dos Cabezas Gold Note”, launched, then promptly closed • in 1884, 42 students enrolled in the town's school
• at its height, Dos Cabezas had ~50 buildings, 3 stores, 3 saloons, 2 dairies, carpenter shops, telegraphic facilities, a mercantile, barber shop, butcher, brewery, brickyard, hotel, dancehall, boarding house, blacksmith shop, 3 livery stables, 3 stamp mills for gold ore & about 300 residents though actually, the area's population was at least 1,500 counting prospectors, miners & other mining co. employees living in the nearby mountains & valleys —Books in Northport
• Dos Cabezas ("Two Heads") was often spelled & pronounced "Dos Cabezos" with an "o" replacing the 2nd "a" in "Cabezas" • the postmaster settled on both spellings, as seen in the town's postmarks • the English translation of Dos Cabezos is "Two Peaks," arguably a more accurate — if less poetic — description of the twin summits than the original • given that the erroneous version was only name registered at U.S. Post Office Department in Washington DC, the interchangeable spellings persisted well into the 20th c.
• in 1880 the railroad arrived in Arizona, a station was established at Willcox & a cranky Scotland-born miner, John Dare Emersley (1826-1899), arrived at Dos Cabezas to prospect for mineral deposits • J.D. was a grad of the U. of Edinburgh, a writer well-versed in science & a botanical collector with a drought-tolerant grass, muhlenbergia emersleyi (bull grass), named for him • was a correspondent for the Engineering & Mining Journal • several other magazines including Scientific American also published him
• according to a miner who knew him, Emersley was apparently a greedy – and unusually tall – claim jumper: "Every old settler in the Globe District remembers Emersley, a seven foot Scotchman who had more claims located than he could work, and jumped more than he could hold." -“Arizona Silver Belt” (Globe, AT), 06 Jan 1883
• the "Scotchman" soon found a gold deposit & staked about 20 claims • he built a cabin nearby at an elevation of ~6,000 ft., & lived a reclusive life • entered into a pact with God, vowing not to develop any of his claims unless he received a sign from above • nevertheless, the work legally required to retain title to his claims produced several tunnels, one, the Roberts, 160' long • the sign from God never materialized and while awaiting it, Emersley died of scurvy
• shortly thereafter “Starved Amid His Riches”, the story of J.D. Emersley, a religious recluse who lived & died on a "mountain of copper," appeared in newspapers throughout the country • Emersley willed his claims to the Lord to be used for the good of all mankind • though this final wish was never fulfilled, the "mountain of copper" story brought yet another wave of prospectors to the Mining District & sparked a local copper boom
• in 1899 a new town, Laub City, was being laid off at the mouth of Mascot Canyon, 2 mi. above Dos Cabezas • John A. Rockfellow (1858-1947) [photo], author of "The Log of an Arizona Trailblazer," performed the survey • Rockefeller's sister was Tucson architect Anne Graham Rockfellow (1866-1954), an MIT grad & designer of the landmark El Conquistador Hotel [photo]
• the townsite was near the Emersley claims, which had been acquired by Dos Cabezas Consolidated Mines • America's coast-to-coast electrification required countless miles of copper power lines, thus "copper camps" like Laub City proliferated & prospered • the town grew & by 1900 warranted its own post office
• Laub City was named for (and possibly by) Henry Laub (1858-1926), a Los Angeles investor born in Kentucky to German-Jewish immigrants • made his first fortune as a liquor merchandiser • later invested in mining, oil & Southeast Arizona real estate
"There is every reason to believe that Dos Cabezas will be one of the greatest mining districts of Arizona" —Henry Laub, 1902
• a worldwide surge in mining caused copper prices to fall as supply outstripped demand • several mining concerns colluded to restrict production in a failed attempt to stabilize the market • Consolidated Mines' financing subsequently dried up & by 1903 Laub City was a ghost town • Dos Cabezas also suffered from the mine closings but managed to hang on as some mines continued to operate
• in 1905 a Wales-born mining engineer, Capt. Benjamin W. Tibbey (1848-1935), arrived in town with a "Mr. Page" • Ben Tibbey's mining career began as a child in a Welch mine • Page was actually T.N. McCauley, a Chicagoan with a checkered career in investment & finance • the two surveyed the mining district • McCauley apparently remained, later claiming he had resided in Emersly's abandoned shack for 2 yrs. • he also quietly filed & acquired claims covering 600 acres
• in June, 1907 McCauley, organized the Mascot Copper Company with a capitalization of $10MM & began large scale development • euphoric reports of massive ore deposits appeared in the local press, e.g., "Many Thousands of Tons of Ore in Sight— Property Bids Fair to Become Arizona's Greatest Copper Producer"
• in 1909 Mascot acquired control of Dos Cabezas Consolidated Mines Co., the original Emersley claims that Laub's group had purchased • McCauley launched a campaign to sell Mascot stock at $3/share, later $4 & finally $5 • his extravagant promotions included investor & press junkets to the mine in private railroad cars, wining & dining at the property's Hospitality House & a lavish stockholders' banquet at the Fairmont Hotel In San Francisco, with the company logo, a swastika, prominently on display [photo]
"The management of the Mascot has to its credit a remarkable series of sensational ore discoveries and few, if any other copper mining companies can match their enviable record in point of actual tonnage when at the same stage of development." —Bisbee Daily Review, 10 Mar 1910
• though stock analysts familiar with McCauley's history as a con artist cautioned their clients, by August, 1910 reports had sales at $300,000 • shareholders owned 25% of the company, the remainder was retained by the promoters
• while actual mining & ore shipments were limited, the company announced that a store, a boarding house, sleeping quarters for employees, & a new office building had been completed • in 1912, as Mascot continued its costly build out & occasionally shipped ore, Arizona Territory gained statehood
• in 1914, the company launched the Mascot Townsite & Realty Co. to sell lots in a new town they were developing in Mascot Canyon:
"UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITY FOR PERSONAL PROFIT By the Purchase of a Lot In the MASCOT TOWNSITE This new town should have a population of 5000 within a few years." - May 1915
• by 1915 the town of Mascot had been established • homes accessed by winding paths rose one above another on terraces • residents pitched in to build a community hall in a single day • a band called the "Merry Miners" was organized to play at Saturday-night dances
"King Copper, the magic community builder, has once more raised his burnished scepter—and once more a tiny mining camp, a mere speck of Arizona landscape, has received the industrial stimulus which should shortly transform it into a factor to be reckoned with among the bustling little cities of the southwest… The tiny mining camp of the past was Dos Cabezas. The coming city is Mascot. —El Paso Herald, 25 Jun 1915
• within 10 yrs. the town would boast ~100 buildings & a population of ~800 • its children were educated at Mascot School & a second school, with 4 teachers between them • many of the town's boys "grew up panning gold to earn money" —Arizona Republic, 04 Mar 1971
• though most of the area's Mexican residents lived in Dos Cabezas, a few, like Esperanza Montoya Padilla (1915-2003), resided in Mascot:
"I was born in Mascot, Arizona, on August 28, 1915… In the early days, when I was a young child, Mascot was very built up; it was blooming. It was also a beautiful place. There were a lot of Cottonwood and oak trees on the road going up towards the mine and streams coming down the mountain. The school was on that road along with a grocery store and even a pool hall. There was a confectionery in the pool hall where they sold goodies like ice cream and candy. There was a community center on the hill where they showed movies. I remember silent movies with Rudolph Valentino. Even the people from Dos Cabezas came up to Mascot for the movies.
At Christmas they put up a tree in the community center, and all the children in town would get their Christmas presents. There was a road coming up from Dos Cabezas to Mascot and all kinds of houses along that road all the way up to the mine. Our house was on that road. I remember a time when everything was caballos – horses pulling wagons. The cars came later of course. —Songs My Mother Sang to Me
• on January 27, 1915, a celebration in Willcox marked the beginning of construction of the Mascot & Western Railroad • a large crowd watched a jubilant T. N. McCauley turn the first shovelful of dirt • the final spike - a copper one - was driven 15 June, 1915 at The Mascot townsite, followed by a "monstrous barbecue" for 4,000 guests [photos] • activities included a tour of a mine and the company's "2-mile" (10,6000') aerial tramway [photo]
"I feel that only great and lasting good can come of this project. It not only means that the Mascot, in itself, is established but it means that many people, who have known Arizona only a place in the desert before, may take home with them the idea of permanency which we enjoy in this great commonwealth." — H.A. Morgan, Bisbee Daily Review, 27 Jun 1915
• in 1916 a drought ravaged the mining district — wells dried up, cattle died & many mines shut down • on 1 July 1917, American Smelting & Refining took out a 20 yr. lease on the Mascot property only to relinquish it less than a yr. later, presumably because the operation was losing money
• with Mascot Copper facing insolvency, McCauley reorganized it via merger • the "new" Central Copper Co. began operations 15 Feb 1919 • McCauley devised a multi-level marketing scheme where stockholders became stock salesmen • the price was set at $0.50/share, purchases limited to $100/person with $10/mo. financing available • the salesmen, using portable hand-cranked projectors, screened movies of the property at small gatherings of prospective buyers
• reportedly 70,000 stockholders invested & were stunned as the price dropped 50% when the stock hit the market • lawsuits were filed • in a display ad published in several newspapers, McCauley denied each charge against the company
• by Jan, 1924, McCauley reported $4,500,000 spent on new construction • by 1926 400 employees were on the payroll, but output of the mines proved marginal • in 1927 stockholders were informed that falling copper & silver prices dictated that ore extraction be reduced to the minimum necessary to cover operating expenses
• the following year the enterprise was taken over by Southwestern Securities Corporation, a holding company • by late 1929 the payroll was down to 26 employees • on February 29, 1932, Southwestern Securities purchased the Mascot Company at public auction for $100,000 • McCauley promptly moved to Tucson, was implicated in a bank scandal, fled to California then disappeared without a trace —“A history of Willcox, Arizona, and Environs”, Vernon Burdette Schultz
• with the failure of Central Copper [photo] & exodus of miners, Dos Cabezas began its final descent, although not devoid of diversions • in spite of frequent mine closings & the onset of the Great Depression, the town fielded a team in the Sulphur Springs Valley Baseball League, which also included a squad representing a C.C.C. camp • Willcox had 2 teams in the league, the Mexicans & the Americans
• among the dwindling Dos Cabezas population was Jack Howard, the man who "sharpened the first tools that opened up the first gold discoveries of Dos Cabezas district" & spent his last 30 yrs. with Mary Katherine Cummings, history's "Big Nose Kate" [photo], memorialized in movies as Katie Elder —“Tombstone Daily Prospector”
• John Jessie “Jack” Howard (1845-1930) was born in Nottingham, England • as one of the first miners in the Dos Cabezas mining district, he is memorialized by Howard Peak & Howard Canyon • lived in the hills near Dos Cabezas • remembered as a crusty churl who hid in a manhole behind his shack to fire at intruders as they rode into range • on the other hand, some of his fellow Dos Cabezans considered him friendly • divorced his wife Mary who, according to court records, "displayed a vile and disagreeable disposition coupled with frequent outbursts of the most violent temper until she made his life a burden he could stand no longer.”
"…witnesses testified about Mary’s barrage of insults that included publicly calling Howard a white-livered son of a b—. She kept a filthy house, never washed dishes or clothing and even threatened to burn down his house and poison his stock." —“He Lived with Big Nose Kate”, True West
• Mary Katherine "Big Nose Kate" Horony (1850-1940) was born in Pest, Hungary, 2nd oldest daughter of Hungarian physician Miklós Horony • emigrated to the U.S. with her family in 1860 • placed in a foster home after her parents died • stowed away on a steamboat to St. Louis, where she became a prostitute • in 1874 was fined for working as a "sporting woman" (prostitute) in a "sporting house" (brothel) in Dodge City, KS, run by Nellie "Bessie" Ketchum, wife of James Earp [video (8:59)]
• moved to Fort Griffin, TX in 1876 • met dentist John "Doc" Holliday, who allegedly said he considered Kate his intellectual equal • Kate introduced Holliday to Wyatt Earp • Doc opened a dental practice but spent most of his time gambling & drinking
• the couple fought regularly, sometimes violently • according to Kate they married in Valdosta, Georgia • moved on to AZ Territory where Kate worked as a prostitute at The Palace Saloon in Prescott • they parted ways but she rejoined Holliday in Tombstone [photos] • claimed to have witnessed the 26 Oct 1881 Gunfight at the O.K. Corral from her window at C.S. Fly's Boarding House
• 19 years later Kate, nearly 50 [photo] & divorced from an abusive husband, was long past her romance with Doc & too old for prostitution • in June 1900, while employed at the Rath Hotel [photo] in Cochise, AT, she answered a want ad for a housekeeper at $20/mo. plus room & board • the ad had been placed by Jack Howard • Kate lived with him as his employee ("servant" according to the 1900 census) until 1930
• on 3 January, Kate walked 3 mi. to the home of Dos Cabezas Postmaster Edwin White.
“Jack died last night, and I stayed up with him all night.”
• Howard was buried in an unmarked grave in Dos Cabezas Cemetery • after living alone for 2 yrs. Kate sold the homestead for $535.30 • In 1931 she wrote Arizona Gov. George W.P. Hunt, requesting admission to the Arizona Pioneers Home at Prescott • although foreign born thus not eligible for admission, she claimed Davenport, Iowa as her birthplace & was accepted • she died 5 days shy of her 90th birthday • was buried under the name "Mary K. Cummings" in the Home's Cemetery—“Big Nose Kate, Independent Woman of the Wild West” —Kyla Cathey
• the Mascot Mine closed in 1930
• the Mascot & WesternRailroad discontinued operations in 1931 — the tracks were taken up four years later
• 1940s Dos Cabezas photos
• in 1949, the U.S. Postal Dept. corrected its spelling of the town's post office from Dos Cabezos to Dos Cabezas
• mid-20th c. Dos Cabezas family [photos]
• the Dos Cabezas's post office was discontinued in 1960
• in 1964 the town's population was down to 12
• McCauley's Mascot Hospitality House was repurposed as part of the Dos Cabezas Spirit & Nature Retreat Bed & Breakfast [photo]
• today, Dos Cabezas is considered a ghost town, its cemetery the town's main attraction
An analogue mirror Selfie of myself in the mens' toilet (also known as a "bathroom" for some obscure reason) in the former reception building at the entrance of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) on Meiring Naude Rd, Brummeria, Pretoria, 0083, South Africa.
It was the evening of March 31, 1989 and I was attending my father's retirement function after 24 years as the CSIR's Press Officer (which probablly relates to Public Relations Director in modern parliance). This is my late father and me earlier in the evening.
It was an evening of much libation and laughter, and Beau (my father) was in his element! Excuse my red eyes in this selfie - I think I may have bent my car's fender on a tar pole in the parking earea shortly after this ;-)
35mm Pentax ME Super with a Pentax 50mm (f1.7) lens.
Google Maps - The CSIR Campus was massive. A lot of it now seems to be rented out to small hi-tech companies.
Google Maps - This former reception building was at the entrance to the CSIR Conference Centre, but now it seems that it's also rented out.
-25.754556, 28.276303
troybooks.co.uk/a-witch's-natural-history.html
CHAPTER 13:
BEYOND THE CROOKED STILE
It is said that Mother Goose is derived from Frau Holt, or Herodias, the goddess of the witches of northern Europe, who flies at night astride a goose, naked and (even in my childhood imagination) voluptuous in spite of the cold. She flies at the head of the Furious Horde, the Wild Hunt, her raven hair streaming out behind her, her red slitted pupils glowing on Samhain night. To be sure, she flies above the Ridgeway, where the feet of the living and of the dead have passed for millennia; a spirit path if ever there was one. At Bishopstone in Wiltshire, it draws nigh the Icknield Way, the Iron Age road to Norfolk, and between the high road and the low road lie a series of colossal gouges in the chalk which even the tourist guidebooks describe as “another world”. Five miles to the east, the chalk escarpment is rippled by glaciation to form “the Devil’s Step Ladder”, and beyond it the Uffington White Horse, smattered in spring with an interpunction of twayblades and spotted orchids, seems set to leap across the downs. Beneath that is a hill with a flattened top, where St. George purportedly slew the dragon, its blood scouring the grass to the chalk beneath it. There are few landscapes which contain so awe-inspiring an arrangement of sacred objects. The best way for the witch to approach them is from the Ridgeway itself, down one of the many paths that branch from it, and to do so, one must invariably negotiate a stile. Perhaps one day you may meet me at one of them.
In times of old, you might have left a crooked sixpence there. Weyland the Smith, whose megalithic forge lies just off the Ridgeway on the route between Uffington and Bishopstone, would certainly have accepted it, provided you did not attempt to fob him off with a lesser coin of copper. The Neolithic long barrow, sentried by four gaunt, pitted sarsen stones, is surrounded by towering beech trees, whose nuts crack underfoot as one approaches, and barn owls screech in the darkness. Come here at the winter solstice, with the rising of the sun, and the shadows shift like ghosts around you. Legend insists that Weyland will shoe your horse; I have a suspicion that he prefers to beat swords and axe-heads upon his forge, for he is not so far removed from the Green Knight, the Holly King who reigns throughout the winter, armed to the teeth in readiness to meet his rival, the Oak, on the occasion of his beheading. His namesake, the Icelandic Vőlundr, once decapitated a king’s sons by slamming the lid of a treasure chest down upon their necks; later he raped a princess who asked him to mend her ring. The stone at nearby Snivelling Corner was supposedly thrown by Weyland at an incompetent assistant. It is best not to bother him with trifles. But this does not stop wayfarers from leaving behind an assortment of charms, from elaborately woven corn dollies to the Rastafarian wicker man currently on display at the Uffington museum – a practice which dates back at least as far as 1939, when a “Witch’s moon dial”, made from human bone, was deposited there. Mary Chalmers, a woman skilled at curing cows and sheep, who lived at Little Moreton, east of Didcot, was the proud owner of a skull named “Wayland Smithy”, which was sold in a curiosity shop after she died in 1810. Satanic rites at Weyland’s Smithy have even been blamed for a robbery at the thirteenth century church at Compton Beauchamp in 1998, in the course of which the tabernacle was smashed, and the chalice and sacrament stolen – if the churchwarden is to be believed – for nefarious uses at the long barrow.
On a morning in early spring, the Smithy is a different place; cowslips sprout from the burial mound, and the beech buds burst with pale, translucent leaves. The resident toad, who lives beneath the beech tree to your right, emerges glass-eyed from his torpor. Everything is waking, except for Weyland himself, who sinks into the earth as the sap rises in the trees. From here, one may turn east, dodging the cagouled walkers, and return to the White Horse and the hill fort that rears above it, listening for the cronks of ravens on the way. Alternatively, one may descend towards the Vale, seeking Hardwell Camp, another fort which lies forgotten, brooding in a hazel coppice. Or one may turn up one’s collar and head westwards down the Ridgeway, towards Russley Downs and Bishopstone. If you would come with me now, you will take this route.
No, do not look up yet to admire the scenery, and if you tarry until the autumn, do not be distracted by the berries of sloe, spindle, bryony and woody nightshade. Look down at the Ridgeway itself. You are walking on prehistory, for surely the Roman road must have been pre-dated in these parts by a pathway joining the White Horse to the Smithy. More than that; you are walking on the palaeontological past, for the chalk of the Ridgeway is composed of the microscopic remains of Palaeozoic sea creatures. The rounded, flattened stone which just crunched beneath your walking boots is an echinoid, a sea urchin, millions of years old, revered by the old witches and Doreen Valiente alike as “thunder stones” or “shepherds’ crowns”. More than a hundred miles from the coast, you are now beachcombing on the Ridgeway. Pick up the test, and your witch’s intuition will feel the pulse of life still within it. On the underside is the beaked mouth, crusted with chalk. On the dorsal side there is a five-pointed star. Treasure it in your pocket, and use it for sortilege, along with the petrified bivalve and the knob of coral you found beside it. Keep searching, and you will discover that these are not uncommon; the challenge is to find a brachiopod, a little clam with a muppet-like mouth. The exultation of this discovery should carry you in a reverie all the way to Russley Downs.
As you draw near to your destination, a hare darts and jinks in front of you. It has shot from out of hiding in the undergrowth at the side of the Ridgeway, like a bolt from a crazed crossbow, fired by a drunkard through a maze of mirrors. It is not by accident that the verb “to jink”, used to describe the hare’s habit of rapidly changing direction in flight from a pursuer, has affinities with the word “jinx”. The crooked path of the hare has helped to establish its reputation as a magical creature from time immemorial. The ancient dramatist Aeschylus records that Artemis, who had always opposed the expedition against Troy, was enraged when two eagles devoured a pregnant hare, which the diviner Calchas interpreted, to her further indignation, as an omen of the victory of Agamemnon and Menelaus. Boudica, the Briton warrior queen, driven into a fury by the rape of British women by Roman soldiers, released a hare in the course of a rite in honour of the war goddess Andraste, before a retaliatory raid in which captured Roman women were skewered on spears, their breasts severed and stuffed in their mouths. It is possible that the hare represented the Romans Boudica intended to hunt down, but it is equally likely that the release of the hare was the unleashing of a curse. Even the Christian tradition is unable to obscure the magical significance of hares. A late medieval saint’s life which very likely reflects the influence of an earlier pagan tale, the Historia Divae Monacellae, records that a hare pursued by Brychwel Ysithrog, Prince of Powys, took refuge under the skirt of the kneeling Saint Melangell, and his dogs cringed in terror at the sight of her. At her trial in 1662, the Nairnshire witch Isobel Gowdie confessed that she had the power to change into a hare at will by reciting the charm: “I shall go into a hare/ With sorrow, and sighing, and mickle care,/ And I shall go in the Devil’s name/ Till I come home again.” Indeed, there are innumerable folk tales from across the country which attest to the ability of witches to transform themselves into hares, a fact which is taken as proven when a woman is found with an injury corresponding to that inflicted on a hare by its pursuers. John Monro, an eighteenth century doctor who ran the Bethlehem hospital for the mentally ill, better known as “Bedlam”, recorded the case of a Mr. Walker, who had been in the company of the devil for seven years, and had seen a vision of “the fall of all mankind”. Mr. Walker attributed his affliction to a hare he had killed some twenty-seven years earlier, “which he did not think to be a common hare but… something he knew not of what infinite power.” It is not surprising, therefore, that you feel an affinity with this creature, as it scarpers bulge-eyed down the gorge to your right. It beckons you on its crooked way.
Here, therefore, you must depart from the Ridgeway, for your path lies through that gorge in the chalk. At present, there is only a metal gate, but you will feel that you have climbed a stile. Half way down, it is marked on either side by two thorn trees. The gouged hill rears on either side of you. Linnets twitter. Black-faced sheep stare at you. You feel as though you are on a processional way to the underworld; you left your sixpence in case you need to cross the Styx. It is fitting that it is littered with innumerable carcasses. They are partridges, their flayed sternums, wishbones and coracoids gleaming white, picked clean of red flesh. Their wings lie as though dropped by accident, like forgotten handkerchiefs. A mournful whistle overhead; a buzzard takes wing. Crows wheel and craw. You descend to the depths of the gorge, your progress halted by a stile beside a spring. The silence here is uncanny, and you acknowledge another ancient presence. Strip lynchets rear to your right, traversed by the trails of bullocks. Strange optical illusions cause the landscape to writhe as you walk through it. You may climb the stile and pass through a wooded tunnel, lined with hart’s-tongue ferns, to the twittering world of Bishopstone and its duck-pond, or you may turn aside and walk back uphill another way, for the gorge down which you walked has been joined by another. Look up the second gorge. It is surmounted by a colossal field system. Scramble up the hill towards it; a stairway for giants. When you reach the top, sit and stare. The mundane world stretches out beneath you: Swindon with its monstrous, magic roundabouts barely besmirches the landscape. The Vale seems interminable, stretching into mist, and something within you has taken flight, with the buzzards and the crows. Above you and behind you: a stile, and the Ridgeway, awaiting your return.
As I sit here beside you, I can still remember the voice of my father; he was younger than I am now, and I was only four. I was ready for sleep, and he was reading from Mother Goose:
There was a crooked man
And he walked a crooked mile
He found a crooked sixpence
Upon a crooked stile…
I knew then that this was not a nursery rhyme, but a canticle of the Craft uttered by Fraw Holt herself, and I have sought the crooked mile ever since. It is crooked because it is the way of the hare, of the shape-changed witch, and because it must negotiate a course between sacred objects. It is a mile in the more liberal sense of the word: negotiating it may take a minute, or it may take a lifetime. The sixpence is the price of my soul. The stile is a real one, leading down into the gorge above Bishopstone, but it is also a metaphorical one. It is a gateway to the otherworld, the world of the sabbat. Against it, the crooked man leans his staff; beneath it lies the pot of ointment which gives him, his crooked mouse – and their crooked cat – the gift of flight.
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ALBANIA
Albanian Trilogy: A Series of Devious Stratagems
Armando Lulaj
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marco Scotini. Deputy Curator: Andris Brinkmanis. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale
ANDORRA
Inner Landscapes
Roqué, Joan Xandri
Commissioner: Henry Périer. Deputy Commissioner: Joana Baygual, Sebastià Petit, Francesc Rodríguez
Curator: Paolo de Grandis, Josep M. Ubach. Venue: Spiazzi, Castello 3865
ANGOLA
On Ways of Travelling
António Ole, Binelde Hyrcan, Délio Jasse, Francisco Vidal, Nelo Teixeira
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Rita Guedes Tavares. Curator: António Ole. Deputy Curator: Antonia Gaeta. Venue: Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello - Palazzo Pisani, San Marco 2810
ARGENTINA
The Uprising of Form
Juan Carlos Diste´fano
Commissioner: Magdalena Faillace. Curator: Mari´a Teresa Constantin. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi
ARMENIA, Republic of
Armenity / Haiyutioun
Haig Aivazian, Lebanon; Nigol Bezjian, Syria/USA; Anna Boghiguian Egypt/Canada; Hera Büyüktasçiyan, Turkey; Silvina Der-Meguerditchian, Argentina/Germany; Rene Gabri & Ayreen Anastas, Iran/Palestine/USA; Mekhitar Garabedian, Belgium; Aikaterini Gegisian, Greece; Yervant Gianikian & Angela Ricci Lucchi, Italy; Aram Jibilian, USA; Nina Katchadourian, USA/Finland; Melik Ohanian, France; Mikayel Ohanjanyan, Armenia/Italy; Rosana Palazyan, Brazil; Sarkis, Turkey/France; Hrair Sarkissian, Syria/UK
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Armenia. Deputy Commissioner: Art for the World, Mekhitarist Congregation of San Lazzaro Island, Embassy of the Republic of Armenia in Italy, Vartan Karapetian. Curator: Adelina Cüberyan von Fürstenberg. Venue: Monastery and Island of San Lazzaro degli Armeni
AUSTRALIA
Fiona Hall: Wrong Way Time
Fiona Hall
Commissioner: Simon Mordant AM. Deputy Commissioner: Charles Green. Curator: Linda Michael. Scientific Committee: Simon Mordant AM, Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev, Max Delany, Rachel Kent, Danie Mellor, Suhanya Raffel, Leigh Robb. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
AUSTRIA
Heimo Zobernig
Commissioner: Yilmaz Dziewior. Curator: Yilmaz Dziewior. Scientific Committee: Friends of the Venice Biennale. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
AZERBAIJAN, Republic of
Beyond the Line
Ashraf Murad, Javad Mirjavadov, Tofik Javadov, Rasim Babayev, Fazil Najafov, Huseyn Hagverdi, Shamil Najafzada
Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: de Pury de Pury, Emin Mammadov. Venue: Palazzo Lezze, Campo S.Stefano, San Marco 2949
Vita Vitale
Edward Burtynsky, Mircea Cantor, Loris Cecchini, Gordon Cheung, Khalil Chishtee, Tony Cragg, Laura Ford, Noemie Goudal, Siobhán Hapaska, Paul Huxley, IDEA laboratory and Leyla Aliyeva, Chris Jordan with Rebecca Clark and Helena S.Eitel, Tania Kovats, Aida Mahmudova, Sayyora Muin, Jacco Olivier, Julian Opie, Julian Perry, Mike Perry, Bas Princen, Stephanie Quayle, Ugo Rondinone, Graham Stevens, Diana Thater, Andy Warhol, Bill Woodrow, Erwin Wurm, Rose Wylie
Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: Artwise: Susie Allen, Laura Culpan, Dea Vanagan. Venue: Ca’ Garzoni, San Marco 3416
BELARUS, Republic of
War Witness Archive
Konstantin Selikhanov
Commissioner: Natallia Sharanhovich. Deputy Commissioners: Alena Vasileuskaya, Kamilia Yanushkevich. Curators: Aleksei Shinkarenko, Olga Rybchinskaya. Scientific Committee: Dmitry Korol, Daria Amelkovich, Julia Kondratyuk, Sergei Jeihala, Sheena Macfarlane, Yuliya Heisik, Hanna Samarskaya, Taras Kaliahin, Aliaksandr Stasevich. Venue: Riva San Biagio, Castello 2145
BELGIUM
Personnes et les autres
Vincent Meessen and Guests, Mathieu K. Abonnenc, Sammy Baloji, James Beckett, Elisabetta Benassi, Patrick Bernier & Olive Martin, Tamar Guimara~es & Kasper Akhøj, Maryam Jafri, Adam Pendleton
Commissioner: Wallonia-Brussels Federation and Wallonia-Brussels International. Curator: Katerina Gregos. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
COSTA RICA
"Costa Rica, Paese di pace, invita a un linguaggio universale d'intesa tra i popoli".
Andrea Prandi, Beatrice Gallori, Beth Parin, Biagio Schembari, Carla Castaldo, Celestina Avanzini, Cesare Berlingeri, Erminio Tansini, Fabio Capitanio, Fausto Beretti, Giovan Battista Pedrazzini, Giovanni Lamberti, Giovanni Tenga, Iana Zanoskar, Jim Prescott, Leonardo Beccegato, Liliana Scocco, Lucia Bolzano, Marcela Vicuna, Marco Bellagamba, Marco Lodola, Maria Gioia dell’Aglio, Mario Bernardinello, Massimo Meucci, Nacha Piattini, Omar Ronda, Renzo Eusebi, Tita Patti, Romina Power, Rubens Fogacci, Silvio di Pietro, Stefano Sichel, Tino Stefanoni, Ufemia Ritz, Ugo Borlenghi, Umberto Mariani, Venere Chillemi, Jacqueline Gallicot Madar, Massimo Onnis, Fedora Spinelli
Commissioner: Ileana Ordonez Chacon. Curator: Gregorio Rossi. Venue: Palazzo Bollani
CROATIA
Studies on Shivering: The Third Degree
Damir Ocko
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marc Bembekoff. Venue: Palazzo Pisani, S. Marina
CUBA
El artista entre la individualidad y el contexto
Lida Abdul, Celia-Yunior, Grethell Rasúa, Giuseppe Stampone, LinYilin, Luis Edgardo Gómez Armenteros, Olga Chernysheva, Susana Pilar Delahante Matienzo
Commissioner: Miria Vicini. Curators: Jorge Fernández Torres, Giacomo Zaza. Venue: San Servolo Island
CYPRUS, Republic of
Two Days After Forever
Christodoulos Panayiotou
Commissioner: Louli Michaelidou. Deputy Commissioner: Angela Skordi. Curator: Omar Kholeif. Deputy Curator: Daniella Rose King. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, Sestiere San Marco 3079
CZECH Republic and SLOVAK Republic
Apotheosis
Jirí David
Commissioner: Adam Budak. Deputy Commissioner: Barbara Holomkova. Curator: Katarina Rusnakova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
ECUADOR
Gold Water: Apocalyptic Black Mirrors
Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla in collaboration with Lucia Vallarino Peet
Commissioner: Andrea Gonzàlez Sanchez. Deputy Commissioner: PDG Arte Communications. Curator: Ileana Cornea. Deputy Curator: Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla. Venue: Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello 3701
ESTONIA
NSFW. From the Abyss of History
Jaanus Samma
Commissioner: Maria Arusoo. Curator: Eugenio Viola. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, campo San Samuele, San Marco 3199
EGYPT
CAN YOU SEE
Ahmed Abdel Fatah, Gamal Elkheshen, Maher Dawoud
Commissioner: Hany Al Ashkar. Curator: Ministry of Culture. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
FINLAND (Pavilion Alvar Aalto)
Hours, Years, Aeons
IC-98
Commissioner: Frame Visual Art Finland, Raija Koli. Curator: Taru Elfving. Deputy Curator: Anna Virtanen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
FRANCE
revolutions
Céleste Boursier-Mougenot
Commissioner: Institut français, with Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication. Curator: Emma Lavigne. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
GEORGIA
Crawling Border
Rusudan Gobejishvili Khizanishvili, Irakli Bluishvili, Dimitri Chikvaidze, Joseph Sabia
Commissioner: Ana Riaboshenko. Curator: Nia Mgaloblishvili. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi
GERMANY
Fabrik
Jasmina Metwaly / Philip Rizk, Olaf Nicolai, Hito Steyerl, Tobias Zielony
Commissioner: ifa (Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen) on behalf of the Federal Foreign Office. Deputy Commissioner: Elke aus dem Moore, Nina Hülsmeier. Curator: Florian Ebner. Deputy Curator: Tanja Milewsky, Ilina Koralova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
GREAT BRITAIN
Sarah Lucas
Commissioner: Emma Dexter. Curator: Richard Riley. Deputy Curator: Katrina Schwarz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
GRENADA *
Present Nearness
Oliver Benoit, Maria McClafferty, Asher Mains, Francesco Bosso and Carmine Ciccarini, Guiseppe Linardi
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: Susan Mains. Curator: Susan Mains. Deputy Curator: Francesco Elisei. Venue: Opera don Orione Artigianelli, Sala Tiziano, Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Gesuati, Dorsoduro 919
GREECE
Why Look at Animals? AGRIMIKÁ.
Maria Papadimitriou
Commissioner: Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Education and Religious Affairs. Curator: Gabi Scardi. Deputy Curator: Alexios Papazacharias. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
BRAZIL
So much that it doesn't fit here
Antonio Manuel, André Komatsu, Berna Reale
Commissioner: Luis Terepins. Curator: Luiz Camillo Osorio. Deputy Curator: Cauê Alves. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
CANADA
Canadassimo
BGL
Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Marc Mayer. Deputy Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Yves Théoret. Curator: Marie Fraser. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
CHILE
Poéticas de la disidencia | Poetics of dissent: Paz Errázuriz - Lotty Rosenfeld
Paz Errázuriz, Lotty Rosenfeld
Commissioner: Antonio Arèvalo. Deputy Commissioner: Juan Pablo Vergara Undurraga. Curator: Nelly Richard. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie
CHINA, People’s Republic of
Other Future
LIU Jiakun, LU Yang, TAN Dun, WEN Hui/Living Dance Studio, WU Wenguang/Caochangdi Work Station
Commissioner: China Arts and Entertainment Group, CAEG. Deputy Commissioners: Zhang Yu, Yan Dong. Curator: Beijing Contemporary Art Foundation. Scientific Committee: Fan Di’an, Zhang Zikang, Zhu Di, Gao Shiming, Zhu Qingsheng, Pu Tong, Shang Hui. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Giardino delle Vergini
GUATEMALA
Sweet Death
Emma Anticoli Borza, Sabrina Bertolelli, Mariadolores Castellanos, Max Leiva, Pier Domenico Magri, Adriana Montalto, Elmar Rojas (Elmar René Rojas Azurdia), Paolo Schmidlin, Mónica Serra, Elsie Wunderlich, Collettivo La Grande Bouffe
Commissioner: Daniele Radini Tedeschi. Curators: Stefania Pieralice, Carlo Marraffa, Elsie Wunderlich. Deputy Curators: Luciano Carini, Simone Pieralice. Venue: Officina delle Zattere, Dorsoduro 947, Fondamenta Nani
HOLY SEE
Commissioner: Em.mo Card. Gianfranco Ravasi, Presidente del Pontificio Consiglio della Cultura. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi
HUNGARY
Sustainable Identities
Szilárd Cseke
Commissioner: Monika Balatoni. Deputy Commissioner: István Puskás, Sándor Fodor, Anna Karády. Curator: Kinga German. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
ICELAND
Christoph Büchel
Commissioner: Björg Stefánsdóttir. Curator: Nína Magnúsdóttir. Venue: to be confirmed
INDONESIA, Republic of
Komodo Voyage
Heri Dono
Commissioner: Sapta Nirwandar. Deputy Commissioner: Soedarmadji JH Damais. Curator: Carla Bianpoen, Restu Imansari Kusumaningrum. Scientific Committee: Franco Laera, Asmudjo Jono Irianto, Watie Moerany, Elisabetta di Mambro. Venue: Venue: Arsenale
IRAN
Iranian Highlights
Samira Alikhanzaradeh, Mahmoud Bakhshi Moakhar, Jamshid Bayrami, Mohammed Ehsai
The Great Game
Lida Abdul, Bani Abidi, Adel Abidin, Amin Agheai, Ghodratollah Agheli, Shahriar Ahmadi, Parastou Ahovan, Farhad Ahrarnia, Rashad Alakbarov, Nazgol Ansarinia, Reza Aramesh, Alireza Astaneh, Sonia Balassanian, Mahmoud Bakhshi, Moakhar Wafaa Bilal, Mehdi Farhadian, Monir Farmanfarmaian, Shadi Ghadirian, Babak Golkar, Shilpa Gupta, Ghasem Hajizadeh, Shamsia Hassani, Sahand Hesamiyan, Sitara Ibrahimova, Pouran Jinchi, Amar Kanwar, Babak Kazemi, Ryas Komu, Ahmad Morshedloo, Farhad Moshiri, Mehrdad Mohebali, Huma Mulji, Azad Nanakeli, Jamal Penjweny, Imran Qureshi, Sara Rahbar, Rashid Rana, T.V. Santhosh, Walid Siti, Mohsen Taasha Wahidi, Mitra Tabrizian, Parviz Tanavoli, Newsha Tavakolian, Sadegh Tirafkan, Hema Upadhyay, Saira Wasim
Commissioner: Majid Mollanooruzi. Deputy Commissioners: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Curators: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Venue: Calle San Giovanni 1074/B, Cannaregio
IRAQ
Commissioner: Ruya Foundation for Contemporary Culture in Iraq (RUYA). Deputy Commissioner: Nuova Icona - Associazione Culturale per le Arti. Curator: Philippe Van Cauteren. Venue: Ca' Dandolo, San Polo 2879
IRELAND
Adventure: Capital
Sean Lynch
Commissioner: Mike Fitzpatrick. Curator: Woodrow Kernohan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie
ISRAEL
Tsibi Geva | Archeology of the Present
Tsibi Geva
Commissioner: Arad Turgem, Michael Gov. Curator: Hadas Maor. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
ITALY
Ministero dei Beni e delle attività culturali e del turismo - Direzione Generale Arte e Architettura Contemporanee e Periferie Urbane. Commissioner: Federica Galloni. Curator: Vincenzo Trione. Venue: Padiglione Italia, Tese delle Vergini at Arsenale
JAPAN
The Key in the Hand
Chiharu Shiota
Commissioner: The Japan Foundation. Deputy Commissioner: Yukihiro Ohira, Manako Kawata and Haruka Nakajima. Curator: Hitoshi Nakano. Venue : Pavilion at Giardini
KENYA
Creating Identities
Yvonne Apiyo Braendle-Amolo, Qin Feng, Shi Jinsong, Armando Tanzini, Li Zhanyang, Lan Zheng Hui, Li Gang, Double Fly Art Center
Commissioner: Paola Poponi. Curator: Sandro Orlandi Stagl. Deputy Curator: Ding Xuefeng. Venue: San Servolo Island
KOREA, Republic of
The Ways of Folding Space & Flying
MOON Kyungwon & JEON Joonho
Commissioner: Sook-Kyung Lee. Curator: Sook-Kyung Lee. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
KOSOVO, Republic of
Speculating on the blue
Flaka Haliti
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports. Curator: Nicolaus Schafhausen. Deputy Curator: Katharina Schendl. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie
LATVIA
Armpit
Katrina Neiburga, Andris Eglitis
Commissioner: Solvita Krese (Latvian Centre for Contemporary Art). Deputy Commissioner: Kitija Vasiljeva. Curator: Kaspars Vanags. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale
LITHUANIA
Museum
Dainius Liškevicius
Commissioner: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Deputy Commissioner: Rasa Antanaviciute. Curator: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Venue: Palazzo Zenobio, Fondamenta del Soccorso 2569, Dorsoduro
LUXEMBOURG, Grand Duchy of
Paradiso Lussemburgo
Filip Markiewicz
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: MUDAM Luxembourg. Curator: Paul Ardenne. Venue: Cà Del Duca, Corte del Duca Sforza, San Marco 3052
MACEDONIA, Former Yugoslavian Republic of
We are all in this alone
Hristina Ivanoska and Yane Calovski
Commissioner: Maja Nedelkoska Brzanova, National Gallery of Macedonia. Deputy Commissioner: Olivija Stoilkova. Curator: Basak Senova. Deputy Curator: Maja Cankulovska Mihajlovska. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Sale d’Armi
MAURITIUS *
From One Citizen You Gather an Idea
Sultana Haukim, Nirmal Hurry, Alix Le Juge, Olga Jürgenson, Helge Leiberg, Krishna Luchoomun, Neermala Luckeenarain, Kavinash Thomoo, Bik Van Der Pol, Laure Prouvost, Vitaly Pushnitsky, Römer + Römer
Commissioner: pARTage. Curators: Alfredo Cramerotti, Olga Jürgenson. Venue: Palazzo Flangini - Canareggio 252
MEXICO
Possesing Nature
Tania Candiani, Luis Felipe Ortega
Commissioner: Tomaso Radaelli. Deputy Commissioner: Magdalena Zavala Bonachea. Curator: Karla Jasso. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi
MONGOLIA *
Other Home
Enkhbold Togmidshiirev, Unen Enkh
Commissioner: Gantuya Badamgarav, MCASA. Curator: Uranchimeg Tsultemin. Scientific Committee: David A Ross, Boldbaatar Chultemin. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora
MONTENEGRO
,,Ti ricordi Sjecaš li se You Remember "
Aleksandar Duravcevic
Commissioner/Curator: Anastazija Miranovic. Deputy Commissioner: Danica Bogojevic. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero (piano terra), San Marco 3078-3079/A, Ramo Malipiero
MOZAMBIQUE, Republic of *
Theme: Coexistence of Tradition and Modernity in Contemporary Mozambique
Mozambique Artists
Commissioner: Joel Matias Libombo. Deputy Commissioner: Gilberto Paulino Cossa. Curator: Comissariado-Geral para a Expo Milano 2015. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale
NETHERLANDS, The
herman de vries - to be all ways to be
herman de vries
Commissioner: Mondriaan Fund. Curators: Colin Huizing, Cees de Boer. Venue: Pavilion ar Giardini
NEW ZEALAND
Secret Power
Simon Denny
Commissioner: Heather Galbraith. Curator: Robert Leonard. Venue: Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, Marco Polo Airport
NORDIC PAVILION (NORWAY)
Camille Norment
Commissioner: OCA, Office for Contemporary Art Norway. Curator: Katya García-Antón. Deputy Curator: Antonio Cataldo. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
PERU
Misplaced Ruins
Gilda Mantilla and Raimond Chaves
Commissioner: Armando Andrade de Lucio. Curator: Max Hernández-Calvo. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi
PHILIPPINES
Tie a String Around the World
Manuel Conde, Carlos Francisco, Manny Montelibano, Jose Tence Ruiz
Commissioner: National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), Felipe M. de Leon Jr. Curator: Patrick D. Flores. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora
POLAND
Halka/Haiti. 18°48’05”N 72°23’01”W
C.T. Jasper, Joanna Malinowska
Commissioner: Hanna Wróblewska. Deputy Commissioner: Joanna Wasko. Curator: Magdalena Moskalewicz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
PORTUGAL
I Will Be Your Mirror / poems and problems
João Louro
Commissioner/Curator: María de Corral. Venue: Palazzo Loredan, campo S. Stefano
ROMANIA
Adrian Ghenie: Darwin’s Room
Adrian Ghenie
Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Mihai Pop. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
Inventing the Truth. On Fiction and Reality
Michele Bressan, Carmen Dobre-Hametner, Alex Mirutziu, Lea Rasovszky, Stefan Sava, Larisa Sitar
Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Diana Marincu. Deputy Curators: Ephemair Association (Suzana Dan and Silvia Rogozea). Venue: New Gallery of the Romanian Institute for Culture and Humanistic Research in Venice
RUSSIA
The Green Pavilion
Irina Nakhova
Commissioner: Stella Kesaeva. Curator: Margarita Tupitsyn. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
SERBIA
United Dead Nations
Ivan Grubanov
Commissioner: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Commissioner: Ana Bogdanovic. Curator: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Curator: Ana Bogdanovic. Scientific Committee: Jovan Despotovic. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
SAN MARINO
Repubblica di San Marino “ Friendship Project “ China
Xu De Qi, Liu Dawei, Liu Ruo Wang, Ma Yuan, Li Lei, Zhang Hong Mei, Eleonora Mazza, Giuliano Giulianelli, Giancarlo Frisoni, Tony Margiotta, Elisa Monaldi, Valentina Pazzini
Commissioner: Istituti Culturali della Repubblica di San Marino. Curator: Vincenzo Sanfo. Venue: TBC
SEYCHELLES, Republic of *
A Clockwork Sunset
George Camille, Léon Wilma Loïs Radegonde
Commissioner: Seychelles Art Projects Foundation. Curators: Sarah J. McDonald, Victor Schaub Wong. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora
SINGAPORE
Sea State
Charles Lim Yi Yong
Commissioner: Paul Tan, National Arts Council, Singapore. Curator: Shabbir Hussain Mustafa. Scientific Committee: Eugene Tan, Kathy Lai, Ahmad Bin Mashadi, June Yap, Emi Eu, Susie Lingham, Charles Merewether, Randy Chan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi
SLOVENIA, Republic of
UTTER / The violent necessity for the embodied presence of hope
JAŠA
Commissioner: Simona Vidmar. Deputy Commissioner: Jure Kirbiš. Curators: Michele Drascek and Aurora Fonda. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie
SPAIN
Los Sujetos (The Subjects)
Pepo Salazar, Cabello/Carceller, Francesc Ruiz, + Salvador Dalí
Commissioner: Ministerio Asuntos Exteriores. Gobierno de España. Curator: Marti Manen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC
Origini della civiltà
Narine Ali, Ehsan Alar, Felipe Cardeña, Fouad Dahdouh, Aldo Damioli, Svitlana Grebenyuk, Mauro Reggio, Liu Shuishi, Nass ouh Zaghlouleh, Andrea Zucchi, Helidon Xhixha
Commissioner: Christian Maretti. Curator: Duccio Trombadori. Venue: Redentore – Giudecca, San Servolo Island
SWEDEN
Excavation of the Image: Imprint, Shadow, Spectre, Thought
Lina Selander
Commissioner: Ann-Sofi Noring. Curator: Lena Essling. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale
SWITZERLAND
Our Product
Pamela Rosenkranz
Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Sandi Paucic and Marianne Burki. Deputy-Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Rachele Giudici Legittimo. Curator: Susanne Pfeffer. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
THAILAND
Earth, Air, Fire & Water
Kamol Tassananchalee
Commissioner: Chai Nakhonchai, Office of Contemporary Art and Culture (OCAC), Ministry of Culture. Curator: Richard David Garst. Deputy Curator: Pongdej Chaiyakut. Venue: Paradiso Gallerie, Giardini della Biennale, Castello 1260
TURKEY
Respiro
Sarkis
Commissioner: Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts. Curator: Defne Ayas. Deputy Curator: Ozge Ersoy. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi
TUVALU
Crossing the Tide
Vincent J.F. Huang
Commissioner: Taukelina Finikaso. Deputy Commissioner: Temate Melitiana. Curator: Thomas J. Berghuis. Scientific Committee: Andrea Bonifacio. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale
UKRAINE
Hope!
Yevgenia Belorusets, Nikita Kadan, Zhanna Kadyrova, Mykola Ridnyi & SerhiyZhadan, Anna Zvyagintseva, Open Group, Artem Volokitin
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Björn Geldhof. Venue: Riva dei Sette Martiri
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
1980 – Today: Exhibitions in the United Arab Emirates
Abdullah Al Saadi, Abdul Qader Al Rais, Abdulraheem Salim, Abdulrahman Zainal, Ahmed Al Ansari, Ahmed Sharif, Hassan Sharif, Mohamed Yousif, Mohammed Abdullah Bulhiah, Mohammed Al Qassab, Mohammed Kazem, Moosa Al Halyan, Najat Meky, Obaid Suroor, Salem Jawhar
Commissioner: Salama bint Hamdan Al Nahyan Foundation. Curator: Hoor Al Qasimi. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d'Armi
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Joan Jonas: They Come to Us Without a Word
Joan Jonas
Commissioner: Paul C. Ha. Deputy Commissioner: MIT List Visual Arts Center. Curators: Ute Meta Bauer, Paul C. Ha. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
URUGUAY
Global Myopia II (Pencil & Paper)
Marco Maggi
Commissioner: Ricardo Pascale. Curator: Patricia Bentancour. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
VENEZUELA, Bolivarian Republic of
Te doy mi palabra (I give you my word)
Argelia Bravo, Félix Molina (Flix)
Commissioner: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Commissioner: Reinaldo Landaeta Díaz. Curator: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Curator: Morella Jurado. Scientific Committee: Carlos Pou Ruan. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
ZIMBABWE, Republic of
Pixels of Ubuntu/Unhu: - Exploring the social and cultural identities of the 21st century.
Chikonzero Chazunguza, Masimba Hwati, Gareth Nyandoro
Commissioner: Doreen Sibanda. Curator: Raphael Chikukwa. Deputy Curator: Tafadzwa Gwetai. Scientific Committee: Saki Mafundikwa, Biggie Samwanda, Fabian Kangai, Reverend Paul Damasane, Nontsikelelo Mutiti, Stephen Garan'anga, Dominic Benhura. Venue: Santa Maria della Pieta
ITALO-LATIN AMERICAN INSTITUTE
Voces Indígenas
Commissioner: Sylvia Irrazábal. Curator: Alfons Hug. Deputy Curator: Alberto Saraiva. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale
ARGENTINA
Sofia Medici and Laura Kalauz
PLURINATIONAL STATE OF BOLIVIA
Sonia Falcone and José Laura Yapita
BRAZIL
Adriana Barreto
Paulo Nazareth
CHILE
Rainer Krause
COLOMBIA
León David Cobo,
María Cristina Rincón and Claudia Rodríguez
COSTA RICA
Priscilla Monge
ECUADOR
Fabiano Kueva
EL SALVADOR
Mauricio Kabistan
GUATEMALA
Sandra Monterroso
HAITI
Barbara Prézeau Stephenson
HONDURAS
Leonardo González
PANAMA
Humberto Vélez
NICARAGUA
Raúl Quintanilla
PARAGUAY
Erika Meza
Javier López
PERU
José Huamán Turpo
URUGUAY
Gustavo Tabares
Ellen Slegers
001 Inverso Mundus. AES+F
Magazzino del Sale n. 5, Dorsoduro, 265 (Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Saloni); Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960
May 9th – October 31st
Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum
Catalonia in Venice: Singularity
Cantieri Navali, Castello, 40 (Calle Quintavalle)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Institut Ramon Llull
venezia2015.llull.cat
Conversion. Recycle Group
Chiesa di Sant’Antonin, Castello (Campo Sant’Antonin)
May 6th - October 31st
Organization: Moscow Museum of Modern Art
Dansaekhwa
Palazzo Contarini-Polignac, Dorsoduro, 874 (Accademia)
May 7th – August 15th
Organization: The Boghossian Foundation
Dispossession
Palazzo Donà Brusa, Campo San Polo, 2177
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: European Capital of Culture Wroclaw 2016
wroclaw2016.pl/biennale/
EM15 presents Doug Fishbone’s Leisure Land Golf
Arsenale Docks, Castello, 40A, 40B, 41C
May 6th - July 26th
Organization: EM15
Eredità e Sperimentazione
Grand Hotel Hungaria & Ausonia, Viale Santa Maria Elisabetta, 28, Lido di Venezia
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Istituto Nazionale di BioArchitettura - Sezione di Padova
Frontiers Reimagined
Palazzo Grimani, Castello, 4858 (Ramo Grimani)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Tagore Foundation International; Polo museale del Veneto
Glasstress 2015 Gotika
Istituto Veneto di Scienze Lettere ed Arti, Palazzo Cavalli Franchetti, San Marco, 2847 (Campo Santo Stefano); Chiesa di Santa Maria della Visitazione, Centro Culturale Don Orione Artigianelli, Dorsoduro, 919 (Zattere); Fondazione Berengo, Campiello della Pescheria, 15, Murano;
May 9th — November 22nd
Organization: The State Hermitage Museum
Graham Fagen: Scotland + Venice 2015
Palazzo Fontana, Cannaregio, 3829 (Strada Nova)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Scotland + Venice
Grisha Bruskin. An Archaeologist’s Collection
Former Chiesa di Santa Caterina, Cannaregio, 4941-4942
May 6th – November 22nd
Organization: Centro Studi sulle Arti della Russia (CSAR), Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia
Helen Sear, ... The Rest Is Smoke
Santa Maria Ausiliatrice, Castello, 450 (Fondamenta San Gioacchin)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Cymru yn Fenis/Wales in Venice
Highway to Hell
Palazzo Michiel, Cannaregio, 4391/A (Strada Nova)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Hubei Museum of Art
Humanistic Nature and Society (Shan-Shui) – An Insight into the Future
Palazzo Faccanon, San Marco, 5016 (Mercerie)
May 7th – August 4th
Organization: Shanghai Himalayas Museum
In the Eye of the Thunderstorm: Effervescent Practices from the Arab World & South Asia
Dorsoduro, 417 (Zattere)
May 6th - November 15th
Organization: ArsCulture
Italia Docet | Laboratorium- Artists, Participants, Testimonials and Activated Spectators
Palazzo Barbarigo Minotto, San Marco, 2504 (Fondamenta Duodo o Barbarigo)
May 9th – June 30th; September 11st – October 31st
Organization: Italian Art Motherboard Foundation (i-AM Foundation)
www.venicebiennale-italiadocet.org
Jaume Plensa: Together
Basilica di San Giorgio Maggiore, Isola di San Giorgio Maggiore
May 6th – November 22nd
Organization: Abbazia di San Giorgio Maggiore Benedicti Claustra Onlus
Jenny Holzer "War Paintings"
Museo Correr, San Marco, 52 (Piazza San Marco)
May 6th – November 22nd
Organization: The Written Art Foundation; Museo Correr, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia
correr.visitmuve.it
Jump into the Unknown
Palazzo Loredan dell’Ambasciatore, Dorsoduro, 1261-1262
May 9th – June 18th
Organization: Nine Dragon Heads
9dh-venice.com
Learn from Masters
Palazzo Bembo, San Marco, 4793 (Riva del Carbon)
May 9th – November 22nd
Organization: Pan Tianshou Foundation
pantianshou.caa.edu.cn/foundation_en
My East is Your West
Palazzo Benzon, San Marco, 3927
May 6th – October 31st
Organization: The Gujral Foundation
Ornamentalism. The Purvitis Prize
Arsenale Nord, Tesa 99
May 9th – November 22nd
Organization: The Secretariat of the Latvian Presidency of the Council of the European Union in 2015
www.purvisabalva.lv/en/ornamentalism
Path and Adventure
Arsenale, Castello, 2126/A (Campo della Tana)
May 9th – November 22nd
Organization: The Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau; The Macao Museum of Art; The Cultural Affairs Bureau
Patricia Cronin: Shrine for Girls, Venice
Chiesa di San Gallo, San Marco, 1103 (Campo San Gallo)
May 9th – November 22nd
Organization: Brooklyn Rail Curatorial Projects
curatorialprojects.brooklynrail.org
Roberto Sebastian Matta. Sculture
Giardino di Palazzo Soranzo Cappello, Soprintendenza BAP per le Province di Venezia, Belluno, Padova e Treviso, Santa Croce, 770 (Fondamenta Rio Marin)
May 9th – November 22nd
Organization: Fondazione Echaurren Salaris
www.fondazioneechaurrensalaris.it
www.maggioregam.com/56Biennale_Matta
Salon Suisse: S.O.S. Dada - The World Is A Mess
Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)
May 9th; June 4th - 6th; September 10th - 12th; October 15th - 17th; November 19th – 21st
Organization: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia
Sean Scully: Land Sea
Palazzo Falier, San Marco, 2906
May 9th – November 22nd
Organization: Fondazione Volume!
Sepphoris. Alessandro Valeri
Molino Stucky, interior atrium, Giudecca, 812
May 9th – November 22nd
Organization: Assessorato alla Cultura del Comune di Narni(TR); a Sidereal Space of Art; Satellite Berlin
Tesla Revisited
Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960
May 9th – October 18th
Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum
The Bridges of Graffiti
Arterminal c/o Terminal San Basilio, Dorsoduro (Fondamenta Zattere al Ponte Lungo)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Associazione Culturale Inossidabile
The Dialogue of Fire. Ceramic and Glass Masters from Barcelona to Venice
Palazzo Tiepolo Passi, San Polo, 2774
May 6th - November 22nd
Organization: Fundaciò Artigas; ArsCulture
The Question of Beings
Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello, 3701
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Museum of Contemporary Art, Taipei (MoCA, Taipei)
The Revenge of the Common Place
Università Ca' Foscari, Ca' Bernardo, Dorsoduro, 3199 (Calle Bernardo)
May 9th – September 30th
Organization: Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Free University Brussels-VUB)
The Silver Lining. Contemporary Art from Liechtenstein and other Microstates
Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)
October 24th – November 1st
Organization: Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein
The Sound of Creation. Paintings + Music by Beezy Bailey and Brian Eno
Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello, Palazzo Pisani, San Marco, 2810 (Campo Santo Stefano)
May 7th - November 22nd
Organization: ArsCulture
The Union of Fire and Water
Palazzo Barbaro, San Marco, 2840
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: YARAT Contemporary Art Organisation
Thirty Light Years - Theatre of Chinese Art
Palazzo Rossini, San Marco, 4013 (Campo Manin)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: GAC Global Art Center Foundation; The Guangdong Museum of Art
Tsang Kin-Wah: The Infinite Nothing, Hong Kong in Venice
Arsenale, Castello, 2126 (Campo della Tana)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: M+, West Kowloon Cultural District; Hong Kong Arts Development Council
Under the Surface, Newfoundland and Labrador at Venice
Galleria Ca' Rezzonico, Dorsoduro, 2793
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Terra Nova Art Foundation
tnaf.ca
Ursula von Rydingsvard
Giardino della Marinaressa, Castello (Riva dei Sette Martiri)
May 6th - November 22nd
Organization:Yorkshire Sculpture Park
We Must Risk Delight: Twenty Artists from Los Angeles
Magazzino del Sale n. 3, Dorsoduro, 264 (Zattere)
May 7th - November 22nd
Organization: bardoLA
Wu Tien-Chang: Never Say Goodbye
Palazzo delle Prigioni, Castello, 4209 (San Marco)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Taipei Fine Arts Museum of Taiwan
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With Acknowledgment to the Roll of Honour website (RoH)
www.roll-of-honour.com/Norfolk/Holt.html
There is another set of memorials in the church of St Andrew the Apostle.
www.roll-of-honour.com/Norfolk/HoltStAndrew.html
Names shown on the Church memorial are marked as (CM)
Alfred Anthony……………………………….................(RoH) (CM)
Corporal 47535. The Queen's (Royal West Surrey Regt.) Labour Company Chinese Labour Corps transf. to (74127) 54th Chinese Company. Died on 27th November 1919. Aged 32. Son of Mr. T. and Mrs. H. Anthony, of 8, Eastrea Rd. Whittlesea. Cambs; husband of D. Anthony, of 5 Bluestone Terrace, Holt, Norfolk. Buried: Terlincthun British Cemetery, Wimille, Pas de Calais, France. Ref. XIV. C. 13.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=4024320
No match on Norlink
The 13 year old Alfred, already a Brickyard Labourer, is recorded on the 1901 Census as living at Eastrea Road, Whittlesey. This is the household of his parents, Thomas, (aged 54 and a Brickyard Labourer from Whittlesey), and Hannah, (aged 55 and from Whittlesey.) Also resident are Arthur’s brothers Charles, (aged 18), Harry, (aged 17), and Walter, (aged 10). Charles and Harry work as Brickyard Labourers, and all were born Whittlesey.
Oliver Bennett………………………………..................(RoH) (CM)
Corporal 32124. 12th Battery Royal Field Artillery. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 21st October 1914. Aged 25. Born at North Walsham. Enlisted Norwich. Son of William and Rebecca Bennett, of Holt, Norfolk, Norwich, Norfolk. Buried: Harlebeke New British Cemetery, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium. Ref. XVI. A. 8.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=485790
No match on Norlink
The 12 year old Oliver was recorded on the 1901 census at Bull Street, Holt, having been born North Walsham. This was the household of his parents, William, aged 59 and a Licensed Victualler from Letheringsett, and Rebecca, (aged 40 and from Hoveton St John, Norfolk). Their other children are:-
Frank…………….aged 8.………….born North Walsham.
Ida Grace………aged 14.…………..born Stalham
Margaret……….aged 6.……………born Edgefield
One of the Stained Glass Windows in St Andrews, Holt is dedicated to the memory of Oliver and Charles Henry Steer, (qv), former members of the church choir.
www.wartimememoriesproject.com/greatwar/allied/royalartil...
The battery was newly arrived in France and was involved in supporting the 7th Division on the opening day of the Battle of Langemarck.
webstats.ordersofbattle.darkscape.net/site/warpath/divs/7...
www.historyofwar.org/articles/battles_langemarck_1914.html
Robert William Beresford……………................(RoH) (CM)
Sergeant 293. 1st/5th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Died in Gallipoli on 21st August 1915. Aged 29. Born and enlisted Holt. Son of Henry Beresford, of Shire Hall Plain, Holt; husband of Emily E. Beresford, of Weston Square, Holt, Norfolk. No known grave. Commemorated on Helles Memorial, Turkey. Panel 42 to 44.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=698865
No match on Norlink
The 14 year old Robert is recorded on the 1901 Census as employed as a Domestic Page Boy, and living at Shire Hall Plain, Holt, the town of his birth. This was the household of his parents, Henry, (aged 42 and a Mineral Water cater from Holt), and Sophia, (aged 39 and from Bodham). Their other children are:-
Agnes……………aged 10
Alice…………..aged 13
Bertie………….aged 12
Bessie…………aged 20
Fred……………aged 2
Gertrude………..aged under 1
Mable………….aged 9
Percy…………..aged 3
Sidney…………aged 4.
Also living with them is a Grandson, George Beresford, aged under 1.
All born Holt.
Following the disastrous attack on the 12th, subsequently immortalised in tales of Alien abduction, lost battalions and more poignantly in “All the Kings Men”, the survivors were merged with the 1st/4ths until re-enforcements could arrive. A diary of an officer of that Battalion records that there was a Turkish attack in the mid-afternoon which broke into the trenches on their right, but was quiet in their sector.
user.online.be/~snelders/sand.htm
William Betts………………………………....................(RoH) (CM)
Private 16399. 3rd Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Died on 20th February 1916. Aged 27. Son of William and Triana Betts, of Fir Cottage, Briston, Melton Constable. Buried: Holt Burial Ground, Norfolk. Ref. C. 542.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2802696
No match on Norlink
The most likely match on the 1901 Census is a 12 year old William, born Gissing, and now living at 30 Hill Street, Norwich. This is the household of his parents, Edward William, (a 38 year old Cab Man from Norwich), and Alice Caroline (aged 39 from probably Burston, Norfolk). Their other children are:-
Edith May…………aged 8.…born Gissing
Harry………………aged 6.…born Gisleham, Suffolk
Katherine Alice……aged 5.…born Norwich
Mildred Constance..aged 11...born Gissing
Sidney……………..aged 9.…born Gissing
The 3rd Battalion were a UK based Training Battalion providing drafts to the other Battalions of the Regiment.
Thomas Boast………………………….......................(RoH) (CM)
RoH - No further information available at present.
Probably
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=275227
Name: BOAST, THOMAS TOWNSHEND
Rank: Second Lieutenant Regiment: Norfolk Regiment Unit Text: 3rd Bn.
Age: 28 Date of Death: 29/09/1918 Awards: Mentioned in Despatches
Additional information: Son of George John and M. A. Boast, of Taxal Edge, Whaley Bridge, Cheshire. Native of Holt, Norfolk.
Grave/Memorial Reference: C. 29. Cemetery: NEUVILLE-BOURJONVAL BRITISH CEMETERY
No match on Norlink
The 1901 Census has a Thomas T Boast, aged 10, living at Cromer Road, Holt. This is the household of his parents, George J, (aged 37 and a Domestic Gardener from Thorpe St. Andrews near Norwich), and Mary A, (aged 35 and from Fakenham). Their other children are:-
Alice A………..aged 3.…..born Holt
George J………aged 5.…..born Holt
Mabel M………aged 8.….born Holt
Also staying with them is a niece, Olive M Boast, born Langham and aged 13.
While the 3rd Battalion was a UK based training establishment, it was likely that Lt Boast was on attachment to another Battalion of the Regiment. Neuville-Bourjonval was only re-taken from the Germans at the start of September 1918, and was still very much in the front-line. A study of other casualties buried in this cemetery from this time reveals a number of officer casualties from the units that made up the 15th Brigade, which included the 1st Norfolks.
Albert Victor Bray……………………....................(RoH) (CM)
Private 22958. 9th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Died of wounds at home on 10th February 1917. Aged 20. Born and enlisted King’s Lynn. Son of the late William and Margaret Bray, of Holt. Buried: Holt Burial Ground. Ref. C. 549.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2802697
No match on Norlink
There is no obvious match for Albert on the 1901 Census, but as can be seen from the census entry for his brother Charles below that the family has already suffered some sort of break-up at this time.
Brother of Charles below
Charles William Bray…………………..................(RoH) (CM)
Lance Corporal 41028. 8th Battalion Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers. Formerly 25409 Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 16th August 1917. Aged 28. Born St Margaret’s, Norfolk (King’s Lynn?). Enlisted Norwich. Son of the late William and Margaret Bray. No known grave. Commemorated on Tyne Cot Memorial, Zonnebeke, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium. Panel 70 to 72.
www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=842798
No match on Norlink
Brother of Albert above
The 12 year old Charles Bray is recorded on the 1901 census at South Street, Kings Lynn, his birth town. The head of the household is his married brother Ernest, (aged 25 and a Brickmaker from the town). Also living with them is Ernest and Charles 16 year old brother, Herbert, who is employed as a Carpenters Apprentice. The wife of Ernest is Harriet, (aged 30 and from West Winch), and the couple have a daughter Evelyn who is less than a year old.
Thursday 16th August 1917 - Day 17
Rainfall Nil
The phase of the battle known as The Battle of Langemarck commenced today and lasted until the 18th. Zero Hour was 4.45 am.
16th (Irish) Division
49 Bde
7th Bn, Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers attacked on the left and the regiments 8th Bn on the right. 7/8th Bn, Royal Irish Fusiliers was in support. Attached from 47 Bde was 6th Bn Royal Irish Regt which was held in reserve. It was during this action that L/Cpl Frederick Room earned his Victoria Cross. Room was in charge of the battalion stretcher bearers and worked continuously under intense fire, dressing the wounded and helping to evacuate them. It was he fourth and last VC earned by a man of the Royal Irish Regt.
7th Inniskillings took Beck House and then moved on to Delva Farm, taking it before coming under heavy fire from the rear where they had failed to mop up some German pillboxes. 8th Inniskillings was held up by MG fire while attacking Borry Farm.
forum.irishmilitaryonline.com/showthread.php?t=11535&...
Horace Bullock………………………………................(RoH) (CM)
Private 49505. 9th Battalion Essex Regiment. Formerly 53042 Suffolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 6th September 1918. Born and lived Holt. Enlisted Norwich. No known grave. Commemorated on Vis-En-Artois Memorial, Pas de Calais, France. Panel 7.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1740608
No match on Norlink
The most likely match on the 1901 Census is a 1 year Horace living at Shirehall Plain, Holt. This is the household of his parents, Samuel, (aged 31 and described as a Bricklayer and then something illegible, which the Genes Reunited transcibers have put down as Inn-Keeper?), and Margaret E. (aged 29 and from Hockham, (possibly Holkham?). Their other children are:-
Eleanor…….aged 7.….born Holt
Hilda May…aged 4.….born Holt
Albert Caston………………………………...................(RoH) (CM)
Corporal 13018. 9th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 15th September 1916. Born Holt. Enlisted Norwich. No known grave. Commemorated on Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France. Pier and Face 1 C and 1 D.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1542715
No match on Norlink
No obvious match on the 1901 Census,
15th September 1916 Battle of the Somme
The last great Allied effort to achieve a breakthrough came on 15 September in the Battle of Flers-Courcelette with the initial advance made by 11 British divisions (nine from Fourth Army, two Canadian divisions on the Reserve Army sector) and a later attack by four French corps.
The battle is chiefly remembered today as the debut of the tank. The British had high hopes that this secret weapon would break the deadlock of the trenches. Early tanks were not weapons of mobile warfare—with a top speed of 2 mph (3.2 km/h), they were easily outpaced by the infantry—but were designed for trench warfare. They were untroubled by barbed wire obstacles and impervious to rifle and machine gun fire, though highly vulnerable to artillery. Additionally, the tanks were notoriously unreliable; of the 49 tanks available on 15 September, only 32 made it to the start line, and of these, only 21 made it into action
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Flers-Courcelette
An intense preliminary bombardment began on 12 September and at 6.20am on Friday 15 September the advance began in mist and smoke. XIV Corps attack, on the extreme right, where hopes of breakthrough were pinned, fared badly; 56th Division and 6th Division lost heavily as tanks and artillery support failed to neutralise vital defensive positions
www.cwgc.org/somme/content.asp?menuid=27&id=27&me...
151 Soldiers of the 9th Battalion appear to have died on this day.
Alfred Woodhouse Caston…………….............(RoH) (CM)
Private 36460. 8th Battalion East Surrey Regiment. Died in France & Flanders on 29th July 1918. Aged 30. Born Holt. Enlisted Norwich. Son of Alfred W. Caston, of 5, Albert St., Holt, Norfolk. Buried: Crouy British Cemetery, Crouy-Sur-Somme, France. Ref. IV. B. 20.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=71021
No match on Norlink
No obvious match on the 1901 Census
The battalion was in the reserve lines on this date, with working parties in the front line at night improving defences. No casualties are recorded since the 22nd.
qrrarchive.websds.net/PDF/ES00819180608.pdf
Frederick W Chestney………………………..........(RoH) (CM)
The roll of honour entry for this person is incorrect. The correct individual is shown below.
Name: CHESTNEY, FREDERICK WILLIAM
Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Training Reserve Unit Text: 22nd Bn
Age: 18 Date of Death: 30/01/1918 Service No: 10/7202
Additional information: Son of Mr.E Chestney. N.B.: PLEASE NOTE This casualty was accepted for commemoration by the Commission. Please contact the Commission before planning a visit, for more information.
Grave/Memorial Reference: Plot D Grave 728 Cemetery: HOLT BURIAL GROUND
www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=75197297
No match on Norlink
The 2 year old Frederick is recorded on the 1901 Census living at Lion Street, Holt, the yown of his birth. He is living with his parents Elijah, (aged 40 and a Carpenter from Holt), and Amelia J. (aged 39 and from Suffolk, (possibly Southwold?)). As well as Frederick, they have an 8 month old daughter, Kathleen E.M.
Charles William Clarke………………….............(RoH) (CM)
Private 12493. 7th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 13th October 1915. Aged 22. Born Holt. Enlisted Norwich. Son of Mrs. Mary Ann White, of Cross St., Holt, Norfolk. No known grave. Commemorated on Loos Memorial, Pas de Calais, France. Panel 30 and 31.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=729875
No match on Norlink
On the 1901 Census, the 7 year old Charles W is living at Chapel Street, Holt. His widowed mother, the 34 year old Mary Ann earns a living as a washerwoman. She is also bringing up Augustus, (aged 3) and Susannah, (aged 1), although she has a 35 year old boarder, William White living with her. William is employed as a Hedger. All of them come from Holt.
On 12th October 1915 the Battalion moved from billets to a line in front of the St Elie Quarries, taking over from the Coldstream Guards. The attack was planned to go ahead the following day under a smoke cloud with the Norfolks closing on the German trenches from both ends of their position thus straightening their line, their own trenches being in a semi-circle. The left side of the Battalion was also tasked with bombing a German communications trench. A bright sunny day with an ideal wind for moving the smoke towards the enemy positions, the artillery bombardment began at 12:00 and was intensive by 13:45. 54 heavy and 86 field howitzers and 286 field guns fired on enemy trenches in the area of the Hohenzollern Redoubt, Fosse 8, the Quarries, Gun Trench and the positions south to Chalk Pit Wood. It failed to cause sufficient damage to the enemy positions. The smoke barrage went wrong and ceased by 13:40, twenty minutes before the attack was launched at 14:00 and was thus very thin. German machine gun fire from in front and from the direction of Slag Alley, opposite the Norfolks right flank, enfiladed their attack. Whilst they gained a foothold in the Quarries and consolidated the position they were unable to advance further. In the battalions first serious engagement they lost 5 Officers killed or died of wounds and 6 wounded, and 66 other ranks killed, 196 wounded and 160 missing.
Source: 1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=42270
.
Albert Edward Cockaday………………..........(RoH) (CM)
Private 201347. 1st/4th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in Palestine on 19th April 1917. Aged 21. Born North Heigham, Norwich. Enlisted Norwich. Son of Archibald and Laura Cockaday, of 4, Weston Square, Holt, Norfolk. Buried: Gaza War Cemetery, Israel. Ref. XIII. E. 6.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=649749
No match on Norlink
The 4 year old Albert is recorded on the 1901 Census at Carpenters Arms Yard, Norwich Road, Holt. This is the household of his parents, Archibald, (aged 25 and a Gas Fitter and Plumber from Norwich), and Laura, (aged 24 and also from Norwich). Their oher children are:-
Ethel………………aged under /1.…..born Holt
Harry……………aged 2.……………born Holt
19th April 1917 During the 2nd Battle of Gaza,
Facing the Tank Redoubt was the 161st Brigade of the 54th Division. To their right were the two Australian battalions (1st and 3rd) of the Imperial Camel Corps Brigade who had dismounted about 4,000 yards from their objective. As the infantry went in to attack at 7.30am they were joined by a single tank called "The Nutty" which attracted a lot of shell fire. The tank followed a wayward path towards the redoubt on the summit of a knoll where it was fired on point blank by four field guns until it was stopped and set alight in the middle of the position.
The infantry and the 1st Camel Battalion, having suffered heavy casualties on their approach, now made a bayonet charge against the trenches. About 30 "Camels" and 20 of the British infantry (soldiers of the 5th (territorial Battalion of the Norfolk Regiment) reached the redoubt, then occupied by around 600 Turks who immediately broke and fled towards their second line of defences to the rear.
The British and Australians held on unsupported for about two hours by which time most had been wounded. With no reinforcements at hand and a Turkish counter-attack imminent, the survivors endeavoured to escape back to their own lines.
To the right (west) of Tank Redoubt, the 3rd Camel Battalion, advancing in the gap between two redoubts, actually made the furthest advance of the battle, crossing the Gaza-Beersheba Road and occupying a pair of low hills (dubbed "Jack" and "Jill"). As the advances on their flanks faltered, the "Camels" were forced to retreat to avoid being isolated.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Gaza
More than a thousand one hundred of the men of the 54th posted killed wounded or missing were from the two Norfolk regiment battalions, equating to 75% of their strength. Eastern Daily Press "Sunday" section May 5, 2007
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Gaza
Private Cockadays British War Medal and Victory Medal were auctioned in January 2010
www.lockdales.com/AuctionMedals&Militaria.htm
Ernest William Cooper…………………...............(RoH) (CM)
(Most Likely)
Private 37010. 2nd/5th Battalion King's Own (Royal Lancaster Regt.) Killed in action in France & Flanders on 29th August, 1918. Aged 22. Born Holt. Enlisted Bolton. Son of Alfred and Mary Jane Cooper, of 2, Excelsior Cottage, Co-operative St., Sheringham, Norfolk. No known grave. Commemorated on Vis-En-Artois Memorial, Pas de Calais, France. Panel 3.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1741309
No match on Norlink
The 6 year Ernest W. can be found on the 1901 census at Blakeney Road, Letheringsett, his birth village. This is the household of his parents, Alfred, (a 35 year old Agricultural Labourer from Wiveton), and Mary J. (aged 37 and from Thornage). Their other children are:-
Alfred R……….aged 3.………….born Glandford
Alice M………..aged 11.…………born Letheringsett
Clement………..aged 14.………..born Thornage.Employed as a Yardmans help
Dorothy M…….aged 1.………….born Letheringsett
While I can’t find anything specific to the 2/5th, the 57th Division, of which the Battalion was part, has this note on its battle honours.
Battle of the Scarpe. 26-30 Aug 1918, including the capture of Monchy le Preux.
www.warpath.orbat.com/divs/57_div.htm
Fred Cotts……………………………….........................(RoH) (CM)
Corporal 14450. Depot, Northamptonshire Regiment. Transf. to (432073) 131st Company Chinese Labour Corps. Died on 14th May 1919. Aged 32. Son of A. and T. Cotts, of Holt, Norfolk; husband of I. M. Brown (formerly Cotts), of Mill Cottages, Cropredy, Banbury. Buried: Duisans British Cemetery, Etrun, Pas de Calais, France. Ref. VII. C. 33.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=169138
No match on Norlink
The 14 year old Frederick is recorded on the 1901 Census at Hempstead Road, Holt and is already employed as an errand boy and porter. This is the household of his parents, Thomas William, (age 41 and an Ironmongers warehouseman from Wood Norton), and Elizabeth, (age 38 and from Bodham). Their other children are:-
Annie……aged 10.…born Holt
Ernest J….aged 15.…born Holt. Employed as a Bricklayers Labourer.
Herbert….aged 12.…born Holt
Thomas H,,aged 17...born Holt.Employed as a Domestic Gardener. (see next entry)
Thomas Henry Cotts……………………...............(RoH) (CM)
Private 13005. 2nd Battalion Bedfordshire Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 17th May 1915. Aged 33. Born and lived Holt. Enlisted Hertford. Son of William Thomas and Elizabeth Cotts, of Station Rd., Holt, Norfolk. No known grave. Commemorated on Le Touret Memorial, Pas de Calais, France. Panel 10 and 11.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1559482
No match on Norlink
See Census details against brother Fred above.
This day was the 2nd day of the battle of Festurbert. The battalion had taken been in action the day before and had taken casualties. For what happened on the day I refer you to the Battalion’s war diary.
17 May 1915 2.30 a.m. Orders received to withdraw Bn. to reserve trenches. Movement completed by 3.45 a.m. About 1.30 p.m. Bn. received orders to be ready to move at shortest notice. Ref.Map 1/10000. ILLIES-VIOLAINE-FESTUBERT. About 3 p.m. orders received to move Bn. into position in rear of old German Fire trench between L1-L2 in order to make an attack in conjunction with 4 Cameron Highs: on left, on points L10, L11, L8 to K5. Battn. frontage from L8-K5. 'B' Coy. on right, under Capt. H.E.Huntriss [Harold Edward HUNTRISS], 2 Bedf.R. 'C' Coy. on right, under Bt.Lt.Col.E.I.de S.Thorpe [Edward Ivan de Sausmarez THORPE, CMG, DSO], 2 Bedf.R. were detailed as the two leading coys: & formed up between L1 & L2. 'A' Coy. under Capt.W.Hutton-Williams [William HUTTON-WILLIAMS] 3rd E.Sur.R. attached 2 Bedf.R. & 'D' Cou. under Maj.J.Mackenzie, V.C. [John MacKENZIE, VC, DCM] 2 Bedf.R. formed up in rear of old British trench, in support, moving up into new line as places were vacated by 'B' & 'C' Coys. About 7.30 p.m. 'B' and 'C' Coys. advanced to the Attack, on right of 4th Camerons, with 2 sections of Bombthrowers under 2nd Lt.W.J. Stonier [William John STONIER], 2nd Bedf.R. working on the right down the communication trench towards K.4. & K.5. 'B' & 'C' Coys. on vacating the trenches to the assault were met by heavy shrapnel, machine gun & rifle fire & Coy.Q.M.S. (Actg.Coy.S.M.) was killed as he climbed over the parapet. (On 22nd May, official information was received, that this N.C.O. had been granted a commission as 2nd Lt. in the 2nd Cheshire Regt). By about 9 p.m. when the whole Battn. less 2 platoons of 'A' Coy. which were kept in reserve by the C.O. (Major C.C.Onslow [Cranley Charlton ONSLOW, CB, CMG, CBE, DSO]) had been launched to the attack, information was received by the C.O. that Lt.Col.Thorpe [Edward Ivan de Sausmarez THORPE, CMG, DSO] had called a halt, as he was unable to collect a party sufficiently strong to assault the German position, owing to the darkness, and many serious obstacles, in the nature of ditches varying from 2 to 5 ft. in depth, and from 2 to 5 ft. in width filled with water, running diagonally as well as parallel to our advance, which had broken all cohesion in the attacking force; and also that he could not gain touch with the Cameron Highrs: Just at this time too, 2nd Lt.W.J.Stonier [William John STONIER] reported having arrived at K.4, & meeting with opposition in that neighbourhood, his party had expended all their bombs and had themselves, with a small party under 2nd Lt.C.H.Brewer [Charles Herbert BREWER], been bombed and trench mortared from the direction of K.5. & had had to retire into the communication trench, which they continued to hold. A portion of the Battn. misunderstanding Lt.Col.Thorpe's [Edward Ivan de Sausmarez THORPE, CMG, DSO] order, had in the meantime retired on to our original position. Under these circumstances the C.O. reformed the whole of the Battn. in the original position, from which the attack was launched (L1 and L2), with the exception of the party in the Communication trench; and informed the Brigadier General H.WATTS how matters stood. During these operations Maj.J.Mackenzie V.C. [John MacKENZIE, VC] was killed & the following officers were wounded: - Capt.H.E.Huntriss [Harold Edward HUNTRISS], Lt.A.E.Kuhn [Alfred Edgar KUHN], 2nd Lts. A.Grover [Albert GROVER], R.S.Lardner [Reginald Seymour LARDNER], Lieut. F.V.Parker [Frederick Vivian PARKER] & R.H.Boys [Richard Harvey BOYS]. During the night information was received that a portion of the 4th Camerons had succeeded in entering the enemy trench. Several men were drowned in the ditches, referred to above
www.bedfordregiment.org.uk/2ndbn/2ndbtn1915diary.html
Charles Edward Dack…………………….............(RoH) (CM)
Lance Corporal 246. 8th Battalion East Surrey Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 30th September 1915. Born Holt. Enlisted Norwich. Buried: Norfolk Cemetery, Becordel-Becourt, Somme, France. Ref. I. C. 8.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=39420
No match on Norlink
The 9 year old Charles E Dack is recorded on the 1901 Census at Hempstead Road, Holt. This is the household of his widowed mother, Sarah, (aged 44, from Holt and now supporting her family by working as a laundress and washerwoman. Her other children are:-
Daisy………aged 5.….born Holt
Ernest W…..aged 2.….born Holt (see next entry)
Ethel M……aged 15...born Holt
Matilda…….aged 11...born Holt
Sydney G….aged 12...born Holt (see second entry below)
On the 1891 Census, Sarah’s husband Matthew is still alive. His profession appears to be Shiphand. There appear to be four older children, Edith, Emma, William and Thomas. The family are living at Gravel Pit Lane, Holt.
The battalion’s war diary for this date includes the following:-
“During the day the Germans threw a number of rifle grenades, whiz-bangs and two six inch howitzer shells into the TAMBOUR DUCLOUS, our guns retaliating in the morning and afternoon. L\Cpl DACK and Private Meyer were both seriously wounded by one shell, L\Cpl DACK dying before removal from the Regimental Dressing Station Post”
qrrarchive.websds.net/PDF/ESD0081915006.pdf
Ernest Dack………………………………......................(RoH) (CM)
Private G/14677. 2nd Battalion Royal Sussex Regiment. Killed in action with the British Expeditionary Force on 28th September 1916. Born Holt. Enlisted Chelmsford. No known grave. Commemorated on Thiepval Memorial, Somme, France. Pier and Face 7 C.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=758227
No match on Norlink
See Census family details against brother Charles above.
The Battalions battle honours includes:-
Battle of Morval. (25-28 Sep 1916, including the capture of Combles, Lesboeufs and Gueudecourt).
outofbattle.blogspot.com/2008/06/2nd-battalion-royal-suss...
Sidney George Dack…………….................(RoH) (CM)
Private 17998. 1st Battalion Northamptonshire Regiment. Formerly 18990 Norfolk Regiment. Died of wounds in France & Flanders on 26th August 1916. Born Holt. Enlisted Felixstowe. Buried: Heilly Station Cemetery, Mericourt-L'Abbe, Somme, France. Ref. III. G. 8.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=270710
No match on Norlink
See family details against brother Charles above.
The 1st Battalion had been heavily engaged on the 19th and the 20th having seized part of a German trench and holding it for 24 hours against numerous counter-attacks before finally being forced out.
forum.irishmilitaryonline.com/showthread.php?t=9058&p...
William R Dix………………………………....................(RoH) (CM)
Private 18011. 1st Battalion Northamptonshire Regiment. Formerly 14169 Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 9th May 1915. Aged 19. Born Holt. Enlisted Norwich. Son of William and Susan Dix, of Grove Rd., Holt, Norfolk. No known grave. Commemorated on Le Touret Memorial, Pas de Calais, France. Panel 28
to 30.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=858578
(As William Dix)
No match on Norlink
The 6 year old William is recorded at Norwich Road, Holt having been born Pedham\Pulham(? - poor handwriting). This is the household of his parents, William, (age 35 and a Domestic Gardener from Wiveton), and Susan, (age 34 and from Holt). Their other children are:-
Ada…….aged 4.…born Cley
Agnes….aged 14...born Holt
Hilda…..aged 2.…born Cley
Mable….aged 12...born Holt
Maud…..aged 8.…born Pedham\Pulham
The Battle of Aubers
9 May 1915
Operational approach - two pincers north and south of Neuve Chappelle.
The Southern attack was to be made in easterly direction by the 1st and Meerut Divisions, on a 2400-yard front between Chocolat Menier Corner and Port Arthur (1st Division would have an attack frontage of 1600 yards; Meerut 800 yards), with the objective Rue du Marais - Lorgies - Ligny le Grand, incorporating La Cliqueterie (a heavily defended German strongpoint). The 2nd Division was moved up into reserve, from the La Bassée canal sector, leaving behind 4th (Guards) Brigade and receiving in exchange the 5th (London) Brigade of the London Division who moved to the canal in their place.
9 May: the Southern pincer
4.06am: sunrise and all very quiet on this front.
5.00am: British bombardment opens with field guns firing shrapnel at the German wire and howitzers firing High Explosive shells onto front line. German troops are seen peering above their parapet even while this shelling was going on.
5.30am: British bombardment intensifies, field guns switch to HE and also fire at breastworks. The lead battalions of the two assaulting Brigades of 1st Division go over the top to take up a position only 80 yards from German front. (2nd Brigade has 1/Northants and 2/Royal Sussex in front and 2/KRRC and 1/5th Royal Sussex in immediate support; 3rd Brigade has 2/Royal Munster Fusiliers and 2/Welsh in front, with 1/4th Royal Welsh Fusiliers in support). Heavy machine-gun fire cuts the attackers down even on their own ladders and parapet steps, but men continue to press forward as ordered.
In the area of the Indian Corps, the lead battalions of the Dehra Dun Brigade of the Meerut Division (2/2nd Ghurkas, 1/4th and 1st Seaforth Highlanders) were so badly hit by enemy fire that no men got beyond their own parapet and the front-line and communications trenches were soon filled with dead and wounded men.
5.40am: British bombardment lifts off front lines and advances 600 yards; infantry assault begins. Despite the early losses and enemy fire the three Brigades attempted to advance across No Man's Land. They were met by intense crossfire from the German machine-guns, which could not be seen in their ground-level and strongly protected emplacements. Whole lines of men were seen to be hit. Few lanes had been cut in the wire and even where men reached it they were forced to bunch, forming good targets for the enemy gunners. The leading battalions suffered very significant losses, particularly among officers and junior leaders. Around 100 men on the Northants and Munsters got into the German front, but all were killed or captured. The advance of the supporting battalions suffered similarly, and by 6.00am the advance had halted, with hundreds of men pinned down in No Man's Land, unable to advance or fall back.
6.15am: A repeat of the initial bombardment is ordered, with the added difficulty of uncertain locations of the most advanced troops.
7.20am: Major-General Haking (CO, 1st Division) reports failure and asks if he should bring in his last Brigade (1st (Guards)). He offered his opinion that it would not be successful.
Worst infantry casualties in the Southern attack, by battalion 1/ Northamptonshire 560, of which 17 offofficers First wave of 2nd Brigade
Joseph Dixon………………………………..................(RoH) (CM)
No further information available at present (215 potential matches on CWGC - check Genes Re-united to see if we can track down any likely individuals)
No match on Norlink
The 1901 Census for England and Wales has 5 Joseph Dixon’s with a Norfolk, or which only 2 are born after 1870. The two youngest ones are both born and still living in Sprowston on the edge of Norwich. Neither family has any apparent connection with the North Norfolk area by birth. There are also three Dixon’s recorded in Holt, a boy boarder, a teenage servant, and a widowed woman in her mid-thirties.
George Flood………………………………...................(RoH) (CM)
Private 3/647. 2nd Battalion Essex Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 6th April 1915. Born Gorleston-on-Sea. Lived Holt. Enlisted Colchester. Buried: Calvaire (Essex) Military Cemetery, Comines-Warneton, Hainaut, Belgium. Ref. I. L. 3.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=92427
No match on Norlink
There is a 19 year old George Flood who had been born in Gorleston, and was now employed as a Billiard Marker, living at 8 School Road, Runham, Great Yarmouth. This was the household of his married sister, Emma Read, (aged 22 and from East Dereham) and her husband, James, (aged 23 and a general labourer for the council). Emma and James have a son, Harry, who is under 1.
The same individual on the 1891 census is to be found at No 3, Waterloo, St Faiths. His parents are Charles, (who appears to be out of work), and Emily, who is listed as a master shoemaker. As well as George, they have four other children.
James William Graveling…………………............(RoH) (CM)
Private 48734. 6th Battalion Northamptonshire Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 31st August 1918. Aged 19. Born Holt. Enlisted Cromer. Son of Mr. W. J. Graveling, of Holt, Norfolk. Buried: Combles Communal Cemetery Extension, Somme, France. Ref. IV. A. 29.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=591766
No match on Norlink
The 2 year old James is recorded on the 1901 census at Gas Hill, Letheringsett Hill, Holt. This is the household of his parents, William, (aged 25 and a bricklayers labourer from Norwich), and Phoebe, (aged 21 and also from Norwich). As well as James, they have a daughter Edith, aged 3.
The 6th Battalion was part of the 18th (Eastern) Division, which lists amongst its Battle Honours:-
Second Battle of Bapaume. 31 Aug-3 Sep 1918.
www.warpath.orbat.com/divs/18_div.htm
www.historyofwar.org/articles/battles_bapaumeII.html
Edward Greengrass……. (RoH) (Church memorial has Wallace Greengrass)
RoH had no further information available at present.
Most likely match
www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=196818
Name: GREENGRASS Initials: E W
Rank: Lance Corporal Regiment/Service: Norfolk Regiment Unit Text: 1st Bn.
Date of Death: 21/08/1918 Service No: 43215
Grave/Memorial Reference: II. B. 13. Cemetery: FONCQUEVILLERS MILITARY CEMETERY
(The only other match is a Canadian soldier who appears to have been born in Canada, and with no obvious links to the area)
No obvious match on the 1901 Census under the name of either Edward or Wallace. However, if he was a career soldier, he could have been overseas at the time of the 1901 Census.
No match on Norlink
The 1st Battalion was part of the 5th Division, which lists amongst its Battle Honours:-
Battle of Albert. 21-23 Aug 1918, including the capture of Chuignes.
webstats.ordersofbattle.darkscape.net/site/warpath/divs/5...
In the same brigade were the 1st Bedfords. The extract from their war diary on this day reads:-
21 Aug 1918 Battalion moved forward to the attack at 4.45 a.m. meeting with very slight opposition. The objective was about 1500 yards from original German Front Line which had already been taken by the 37th Division. Battalion gained objective which they consolidated, remaining there in support to the 1/Norfolk Regt. who passed through to take the next objective.
Casualties Capts G. de C.[Geoffrey de Carteret] MILLAIS & H.J.WEST M.C. wounded (since died of wounds) & 46 O.R.s Killed & wounded etc.
www.bedfordregiment.org.uk/1stbn/1stbtn1918diary.html
Frederick W Grout…………………………..............(RoH) (CM)
Private 13812. 8th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 8th February 1916. Born Holt. Enlisted Norwich. Buried: Albert Communal Cemetery Extension, Somme, France. Ref. B. 11.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=551902
No match on Norlink
The 18 year old Frederick W. can be found on the 1901 Census at Holt Hall Cottages, Holt. He was still single and working as a Gardeners Assistant.This is the household of his parents, Robert, (aged 49 and a Domestic Gardener from Coltishall), and Lucy, (aged 52 and from Wickmere). They also have a daughter, Edith S, age 21, living with them.
Ernest Guymer……………………………….................(RoH) (CM)
(It is highly likely that this is the Ernest Guymer on the memorial). Private 275014. 3rd Battalion London Regt (Royal Fusiliers). Formerly 21277 3rd East Kent Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 10th September 1918. Aged 38. Born Foulsham. Lived and enlisted Great Yarmouth. Son of Robert and Hannah Guymer. In the 1901 census, Ernest is working as a baker’s assistant and living with his widowed mother in Holt. Buried: St. Sever Cemetery Extension, Rouen, France. Ref. R. II. U. 9. (Thanks to Bernie Guymer for the family information)
CWGC has no personal details or age
www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=518002
The 21 year old Ernest can indeed be found on the 1901 Census, living at Fish Hill, Holt, with his widowed mother. He had been born at Foulsham, single, and was now employed as a Bakers Assistant. His mother, Hannah, aged 66 and from Stibbard, was the head of the household. Her other children still resident with her are :-
Elvira….aged 23.…born Foulsham. Employed as a Grocers Assistant.
George…aged 26.…born Whitwell. Employed as a General Domestic.
Maffe…..aged 25,,,,born Whitwell. Grocer Shop Keeper.
The family lived two doors down from Fred Chestney, (q.v), on the census return.
No match on Norlink
Fred Herron………………………………......................(RoH) (CM)
Roll of Honour web-site has no further details
Possibles
Name: HERRON, FREDRICK Initials: F Nationality: United Kingdom Rank: Lance Corporal Regiment/Service: Yorkshire Regiment Unit Text: 4th Bn. Age: 23 Date of Death: 29/10/1918 Service No: 200184 Awards: M M Additional information: Brother of Herbert Herron, of Cliffe Bank, Piercebridge, Darlington. Casualty Type: Commonwealth War Dead Grave/Memorial Reference: LXVII. M. 21. Cemetery: ETAPLES MILITARY CEMETERY
www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=502132
Name: HERRON Initials: F G Nationality: United Kingdom Rank: Private Regiment/Service: The Queen's (Royal West Surrey Regiment) Unit Text: 8th Bn. Date of Death: 03/05/1918 Service No: 5670 Casualty Type: Commonwealth War Dead Grave/Memorial Reference: XI. C. 4. Cemetery: COLOGNE SOUTHERN CEMETERY
www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=901745
Name: HERRON Initials: F H Nationality: United Kingdom Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Machine Gun Corps (Infantry) Unit Text: 154th Coy. Age: 21 Date of Death: 20/09/1917 Service No: 102948 Additional information: Son of William and Harriett Herron, of 62, Leroy St., Tower Bridge Rd., Bermondsey, London. Casualty Type: Commonwealth War Dead Grave/Memorial Reference: XLV. D. 19. Cemetery: POELCAPELLE BRITISH CEMETERY
www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=491625
Name: HERRON, FREDERICK NICOLL Initials: F N Nationality: Australian Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Australian Pioneers Unit Text: 2nd Date of Death: 29/09/1917 Service No: 1714 Casualty Type: Commonwealth War Dead Grave/Memorial Reference: XXV. B. 11. Cemetery: LIJSSENTHOEK MILITARY CEMETERY
www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=431256
(Australian Army record checked - born Arbroath, Scotland, but no other obvious link with any other part of the UK. He‘s also on the Arbroath War Memorial)
Name: HERRON Initials: F H Nationality: United Kingdom Rank: Sapper Regiment/Service: Royal Engineers Date of Death: 28/04/1918 Service No: WR/200483 Casualty Type: Commonwealth War Dead Grave/Memorial Reference: In South-East part. Cemetery: BEARPARK (ST. EDMUND) CHURCHYARD
www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=354511
No match on Norlink
No likely matches on the 1901 or 1911 Census
Reginald Horne……………………………….................(RoH) (CM)
Roll of Honour web-site has no further details
8 possible matches on CWGC, none with an obvious link to Norfolk and all with unknown age.
The 6 year old Reginald is recorded on the 1901 Census as living at Fairstead Hill Cottage, Holt, the town of his birth. This is the household of his parents, Walter, (aged 39 and a Stone Mason from Holt), and Charlotte, (aged 36 and also from Holt).Their other children are:-
Audrey…aged 1.….born Holt
Herbert…aged 11.…..born Holt
Mary……aged 15.…born Holt
Walter…..aged 14.…born Holt.
No match on Norlink
William Houchen……………………………….............(RoH) (CM)
Private 202529. 8th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 20th October 1917. Born Great Ellingham. Enlisted Cromer. Son of William and Emily Houchen of Reymerston; husband of Elizabeth Houchen of New St., Holt, Norfolk. Buried: New Irish Farm Cemetery, Ieper, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium. Ref. X. D. 6.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=452506
No match on Norlink
The 18 year William can be found on the 1901 census at North Green Farm, Reymerston. Having been born at Great Ellingham, he now works as a Outfitting Assistant. The address is the household of his parents, William, (a 44 year old farmer from Great Ellingham) and Emily, (aged 47 and also from Great Ellingham). Living with them is Emily’s sister Rebecca Rivett who is single as well as their children:-
Arthur……aged 9.……born Great Ellingham
Charles…..aged 15.…..born Great Ellingham, Occupation - Farmers Son
Frank…….aged 11.…..born Great Ellingham
Matilda….aged 7.…….born Reymerston
Sarah…….aged 12.…..born Great Ellingham
October 1917
The first three weeks of October were spent on the west bank of the Yser canal, and partly in training for the attack of October 22nd in the Poelcappelle neighbourhood. On the 8th Leiutenant -Colonel Ferguson and commanding the battalion almost contiously for three years proceeded on six months special leave to England and was suceeded by Mjor E. N.Snepp. The only other notable event was on the 15th when the German bombardment was specially severe causing several causualties. One shell made a direct hit on a 'pill-box' in which was the regimental aid post. The medical officer was wounded two men were killed and one wounded. On the 20th the battalion was in Cane trench ready for the forthcoming attack "
It then goes on to decribe the attack which went in on around 5.50am of the 22nd. The Norfolks went first, leapt frogged by the 10th Essex. Despite the mud all the objectives were achieved.
"The triumphant Essex and Norfolks...........tramped back to hear the whole division ...and General Maxse.... singing their paise. "
Losses were heavy and this was destined to be the Battalions last great action before it's dissolution. Being split up in the new year to go to the 7th and 9th Norfolks
1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/lofiversion/index.php/t...
Herbert Henry Jenkinson…………………...........(RoH) (CM)
Private 65059. 109th Company Labour Corps. Formerly 48973 29th Battalion Middlesex Regiment. Died of wounds in France & Flanders on 29th August 1917. Born and lived Holt. Enlisted Cromer. Son of Robert and Martha A. Jenkinson, of Pearson's Buildings, Holt, Norfolk. Buried: White House Cemetery, Ieper, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium. Ref. I. C. 2.
On CWGC as H Jenkinson
www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=454688
No match on Norlink
The 7 year old Herbert is recorded on the 1901 Census at Old Work House Yard, Holt. This is the household of his parents, Robert, (aged 35 and a Carter for a Domestic Merchant from Holt), and Martha, (aged 35 and from Brinton). Their other children are:-
Celia…….aged 4.….born Holt
Eliza…….aged 5.….born Holt
Hilda…….aged 1.…born Holt
Mildred….aged 2.…born Holt
Richard Knights………………………………................(RoH) (CM)
Corporal 3288. 6th Battalion Rifle Brigade. Died on 22nd August 1920. Buried: Holt Burial Ground. Ref. C. 598.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2802699
No match on Norlink
The 10 year old Richard is recorded on the 1901 census at Chapel Street, Holt. This was the household of his parents, William, (aged 55 and an Ordinary Field Labourer from Edgefield), and Deborah, (aged 51 and from Rudham). Their other children are:-
Charles……..aged 21.….born Holt. Occupation - Bricklayer
Ellen………..aged 14.….born Holt
Frederick……aged 12.…born Holt
Stephen……..aged 8.…..born Holt
John Knowles………………………………..................(RoH) (CM)
Private 12762. 7th Battalion Norfolk Regiment. Died of wounds in France & Flanders on 1st November 1915. Born Holt. Enlisted Norwich. Buried: Lillers Communal Cemetery, Pas de Calais, France. Ref. IV. D. 33.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2947636
No match on Norlink
There are 2 possible matches on the 1901 Census. One aged 6, born Holt, now living at Holt Road, Edgefield. Parents are Thomas and Amy. The other is aged 9, born Holt and living at Norwich Road, Holt at the time of the census. Parents are Albert and Harriet.
Benjamin Lake………………………………..................(RoH) (CM)
Roll of Honour web-site has no further details
Only Benjamin listed and most likely match based on parents initial
Name: LAKE, BENJAMIN
Rank: Private Regiment/Service: 7th (Queen's Own) Hussars
Age: 39 Date of Death: 21/01/1919 Service No: 45645
Additional information: Son of Mr. and Mrs. F. Lake.
Buried in Muttra Cemetery. Grave/Memorial Reference: Face 1. Memorial: MADRAS 1914-1918 WAR MEMORIAL, CHENNAI
www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1465833
The 20 year old Benjamin is recorded at Fairstead Road, Holt, on the 1901 Census. He was born at Holt, is still single and works as an Ostler Groom. This is the household of his parents, Frederick, (aged 50 and a house painter from Wisbech), and Maria, (aged 48 and from Marham). Their other children are:-
Edith……aged 10.…born Holt
Flora V…aged 15.…born Holt.General Domestic Servant.
Maud……aged 7.….born Holt
Robert M..aged 17...born Holt.Bricklayers Labourer.
Victor Lewis……………………………….....................(RoH) (CM)
Private 15997. 8th (Service) Battalion, Devonshire Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 14th July 1916. Born and lived Holt. Enlisted Southwark, Surrey. Buried: Quarry Cemetery, Montauban, Somme, France. Ref. IV. D. 4.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=245422
No match on Norlink
The 3 year old Victor J. is recorded on the 1901 Census at Bull Street, Holt. This was the household of his parents, Robert C S, (aged 39 and a Joiner from Holt), and Ellen L. (aged 40 and from Marylebone, London). Their other children are:-
Alfred J……….aged u/1.…..born Holt
Horace C………aged 11.……born Marylebone
Louie E………..aged 13.…..born London West Bourne Park
Nellie E………..aged 6.……born Walthamstow, Essex
Vio;et B………..aged 8.……born Walthamstow, Essex
On this day the 8th Battalion carried out a successful night attack on the Snout (the German second position) in Bazentin Wood after a 4 mile approach march. After consolidation withdrawn to reserve in White Trench.
www.keepmilitarymuseum.org/somme/reg_8th_devons.php?
Charles Percy Loades………………………...........(RoH) (CM)
Lance Sergeant 328011. 1st/ 6th Battalion Kings’ (Liverpool Regiment). Formerly 206083 Norfolk Yeomanry. Died of wounds in France & Flanders on 7th September 1918. Aged 37. Born and lived Holt. Enlisted Norwich. Son of William and Susanna Loades, of 55, St. Philip's Rd., Norwich, Norfolk. Buried: Terlincthun British Cemetery, Wimille, Pas de Calais, France. Ref. III. C. 30.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=4026158
No match on Norlink
The 19 year old Charlie P is recorded on the 1901 Census at Mundesley Road, North Walsham. He was born at Holt, and was employed as a House Painter and Decorator. This was the household of his parents, William, (aged 50 and a House Painter and decorator from Holt) and Susannah, (aged 55 and also from Holt).They also have their two grown up daughters living with them - Eva Grace, (aged 16 and born Holt), and Lilian K, (aged 23, born Holt and working as a dressmaker).
Robert Edmund Loynes…………………..............(RoH) (CM)
Fitter Staff Sergeant 137760. 258th Siege Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 6th June 1918. Aged 36. Born Holt. Lived King’s Lynn. Enlisted Norwich. Son of Robert John and Ann Loynes. Buried: Cabaret-Rouge British Cemetery, Souchez, Pas de Calais, France. Ref. VIII. M. 32.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=586466
There is a picture of Fitter Staff Sergeant Loynes on Norlink
norlink.norfolk.gov.uk/02_Catalogue/02_013_PictureTitleIn...
The accompanying notes are:-
Staff Sergeant Loynes was born in Holt on 6th October 1881. Educated at Holt and Brancaster, he enlisted on 3rd September 1914. He was killed in action in France on 6th June 1918
The 19 year old Robert Edmond is recorded on the 1901 Census at Main Road, Brancaster. He had been born in Holt, was single and working as an engine fitter. This is the household of his parents, Robert John, (aged 52 and an Engine Fitter from Cley), and Annie, (aged 54 from Boston, Lincs). They also have a grown up daughter, Grace Elizabeth, aged 19, living with them. On the 1891 Census the family are recorded at Gravel Pit Lane, Holt.
Robert also is listed on the Melton Constable - Midland and Great Northern Railway War Memorial
1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/lofiversion/index.php/t...
And the Brancaster one
www.roll-of-honour.com/Norfolk/Brancaster.html
Walter Mann………………………………......................(RoH) (CM)
Gunner 146416. 16th Trench Mortar Battery, Royal Field Artillery. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 15th March 1917. Lived Holt. Enlisted Woolwich, S.E. Buried: Kemmel Chateau Military Cemetery, Heuvelland, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium. Ref. G. 28.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=155361
No match on Norlink
Two possible matches on the 1901 Census with a Holt connection. One is aged 4 and living at Cromer Road, Holt. His parents are Robert and Annie. The other (Walter J) is aged 12 and living at the Market Place, Holt. His parents are John and Rebecca.
Victor George Mayes……………………................(RoH) (CM)
Private 23157. 7th Battalion Border Regiment. Formerly 18987 Norfolk Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 13th April 1916. Aged 24. Born Ashwell Thorpe, Norfolk. Lived Marsham, Norfolk. Enlisted Norwich. Son of Mrs. Hannah J. Mayes, of The Lodge, Wramplingham, Wymondham, Norfolk. Buried: Cite Bonjean Military Cemetery, Armentieres, Nord, France. Ref. IX. G. 64.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=276911
No match on Norlink
There are also various Georges with a Norfolk connection on the 1901 Census. However the only Victor is recorded at The Street, Ashwellthorpe. He is aged 10 and the village is given as his birth place. This is the household of his parents, George, (aged 42 and a “Gardener at Hall” from Talcolneston.), and Hannah, (aged 35 and from Fundenhall.). Their other children are:-
Ada…….aged 8.…..born Ashwellthorpe
Arthur….aged 17.…born Ashwellthorpe. Shepherd on Farm.
Florence..aged 12.…born Ashwellthorpe
Herbert…aged 6.…..born Ashwellthorpe
Joseph Bernard McMahon……………………………….............(RoH) (CM)
Serjeant 41329. 1st Battalion Royal Dublin Fusiliers. Died of wounds in France & Flanders on 4th October 1917. Aged 44. Lived Holt. Enlisted Scunthorpe. Father of James Bernard McMahon, of Fish Hill, Holt, Norfolk. Buried: Dozinghem Military Cemetery, Poperinge, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium. Ref. VII. G. 5.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=153272
No match on Norlink
No obvious match on the 1901 Census.
Frank Mears……………………………….......................(RoH) (CM)
Sapper 84665. 208th Field Company, Corps of Royal Engineers. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 10th April 1918. Born Kelling, Norfolk. Lived Holt. Enlisted Norwich. Buried: Outtersteene Communal Cemetery Extension, Bailleul, Nord, France. Ref. II. D. 32. See also 34th Norfolk Division, Royal Engineers.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=42401
No match on Norlink
The 19 year old Frank is recorded on the 1901 Census at Queens Yard, New Street Holt, having been born at Kelling. Frank is a Railway Navvy. This is the household of his parents, James, (age 62 and a Teamster on Farm from Edgefield), and Mary Ann, (aged 58 and from Gunthorpe).
The 208th was a “Norfolk” Unit, assigned to the 34th Division.
The division includes amonst itsd battle honours:-
Battle of Estaires. 9-11 Apr 1918, including the first defence of Givenchy.
www.ordersofbattle.darkscape.net/site/warpath/divs/34_div...
Battle of Estaires
9 - 11 April
This was the first phase of the battle and involved the German forces attacking the defending Portuguese and British Divisions.[1]
In one of the greatest defeats in the military history of Portugal, the 2nd Portuguese Division, approximately 20,000 men commanded by General Gomes da Costa (later President of Portugal), lost about 300 officers and 7,000 men killed, wounded and prisoners, resisting the attack of four German divisions with 50,000 men of 6th German Army, commanded by General Ferdinand von Quast in the first day of the German offensive. Emergency British troops deployed to help the Portuguese defenses were also captured or forced to retreat.
On the flanks of the Portuguese, the British 55th Division (south of the Portuguese) were able to refuse their northern brigade and despite numerous further attacks formed a firm defensive line which limited the effectiveness of the German attack. On the Portuguese northern flank, the British 40th Division were outflanked and attacked from the rear and as a result allowed the attacking German units to extend the breakthrough of the front line further north.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Lys
oxfordshireandbuckinghamshirelightinfantry.wordpress.com/...
William James Middleton……………………........(RoH) (CM)
Private F/3305. 12th Battalion Duke of Cambridge’s Own Middlesex Regiment. Killed in action in France & Flanders on 3rd May 1917. Born Saxlingham, Norfolk. Lived Holt. Enlisted Norwich. No known grave. Commemorated on Arras Memorial, Pas de Calais, France. Bay 7.
CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=781115
No match on Norlink
The 10 year old William J. is recorded on the 1901 Census at the Holt Road Shop, Saxlingham, (in the district of Walsingham), This is the househo
IN ENGLISH BELOW THE LINE
Les restes del B-26 40-1433 "Kansas Comet II", estavellat al al aeroport de Iron Range, a Australia, el 13 de setembre de 1942. En aterrar, un pneumatic va rebentar i l'avió es va estabellar contra un camió. El copilot va morir. Coneixem tots els detalls gracies a la referencia del propi album "What was left of 1433", i al web:
pacificwrecks.com/aircraft/b-26/40-1433.html
Aquest album correspon a un membre de la USAAF durant la campanya del Pacific a la Segona Guerra Mundial.
En concret, es tracta de George McMannamy, que serví com a tripulant de bombarder amb el 19th Bomb Squadron del 22 Bomb Group. Aquesta unitat, equipada amb B-26, va combatre contra els japonesos des de Australia (Garbutt Field, Townsville, Iron Range) i Nova Guinea (Dobodura, Nadzab).
ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consolidated_B-24_Liberator
=====================
Wreckage of B-26 40-1433 "Kansas Comet II" crashed at Iron Range Airport, Australia on September 13, 1942. On landing, a tire blew and the aircraft crashed into a truck . The co-pilot died. We know all the details thanks to the reference of the album itself "What was left of 1433", and on the web:
pacificwrecks.com/aircraft/b-26/40-1433.html
This album was made by a member of the USAAF during the Pacific campaign in World War II.
His name was George McMannamy, who served as a bomber crew with the 19th Bomb Squadron, 22nd Bomb Group. This unit, equipped with Martin B-26 Maraunder bombers, fought against the Japanese from Australia (Garbutt Field, Townsville, Iron Range) and New Guinea (Dobodura, Nadzab).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_Special_Operations_Squadron
OUT NOW!!!! The Birds of Ireland: A Field Guide with Jim Wilson
Shorebirds of Ireland with Jim Wilson.
Freshwater Birds of Ireland with Jim Wilson
www.markcarmodyphotography.com
The Harbor (or Harbour) Seal (Phoca vitulina), also known as the common seal, is a true seal found along temperate and Arctic marine coastlines of the Northern Hemisphere. The most widely distributed species of pinniped (walruses, eared seals, and true seals), they are found in coastal waters of the northern Atlantic and Pacific oceans, the Baltic and North Seas.
Harbor seals are brown, tan, or gray, with distinctive V-shaped nostrils. An adult can attain a length of 1.85 meters (6.1 ft) and a mass of 132 kilograms (290 lb). Blubber under the seal's skin helps to maintain body temperature. Females outlive males (30–35 years versus 20–25 years). Harbor seals stick to familiar resting spots or haulout sites, generally rocky areas (although ice, sand and mud may also be used) where they are protected from adverse weather conditions and predation, near a foraging area. Males may fight over mates underwater and on land. Females bear a single pup after a nine month gestation, which they care for alone. Pups can weigh up to 16 kg (35 lb) and are able to swim and dive within hours of birth. They develop quickly on their mothers' fat-rich milk and are weaned after four to six weeks.
There are an estimated 5 million to 6 million harbor seals worldwide. While the population is not threatened as a whole, the Greenland, Hokkaidō and Baltic Sea populations are exceptions. Local populations have been reduced or eliminated through disease (especially the phocine distemper virus) and conflict with humans, both unintentionally and intentionally. It is legal to kill seals perceived to threaten fisheries in the United Kingdom, Norway and Canada, but commercial hunting is illegal.
There are 5 subspecies of Harbour Seal. This is the Eastern Pacific race richardsi found in California. The California population of subspecies richardsi amounted to approximately 25,000 individuals as of 1984. Pacific harbor seals or Californian harbor seals are found along the entire Pacific coast shoreline of the state. They prefer to remain relatively close to shore in subtidal and intertidal zones, and have not been seen beyond the Channel Islands as a pelagic form; moreover, they will often venture into bays and estuaries and even swim up coastal rivers. They feed in shallow littoral waters on herring, flounder, hake, anchovy, codfish and sculpin.
Breeding occurs in California from March to May, pupping between April and May, depending on local populations. As top level feeders in the kelp forest, harbor seals enhance species diversity and productivity. They are preyed upon by killer whales (orcas) and white sharks. (wikipedia)
These richardsi Pacific Harbour Seals were hauled out at Seal Cove in La Jolla, California when a group of squealing university girls spooked the resting seals and they all rushed into the water. I nearly dropped my camera, such was the fight I got when the squealing kicked off!
The portrait of Romanian Countess Anna de Noailles, Princess Bassaraba Brancovan is one of the iconic paintings of the 20th century by the Basque painter Ignacio Zuloaga.
Anna de NoaIles biography is the object of a new Anthology published as an E-Book under the title:
"Blouse Roumaine - the Unsung Voices of Romanian Women"
Presented and Selected by Constantin ROMAN
Anthology E-BOOK (11BM)
DISTRIBUTION: Online with credit card
COST: $ 54.99, £34.99 (ca Euros 35.50)
LINK: www.blouseroumaine.com/orderthebook_p1.html
CONTENTS:
2,250,000 words,
over 1,000 pages,
ca 160 illustrations in text
160 critical biographies,
58 social categories/professions,
600 quotations (mostly translated into English for the first time),
circa 3,000 bibliographical references (including URLs and credits)
6 Indexes (alphabetical, by profession, timeline, quotation Index, place
index and name index)
AUTHOR: Constantin Roman is a Scholar with a Doctorate from Cambridge and a Member of the Society of Authors (London). He is an International Adviser, Guest Speaker, Professor Honoris Causa and Commander of the Order of Merit.
INDEX BY PROSFESSION: 58 CATEGORIES by Call, Profession or Social Status
Academics (22), Actresses (9), Anti-Communist Fighters (14), Architects/Interior Designers (2), Art Critics (9), Artist Book Binders (1), Ballerinas (6), Charity Workers/Benefactors (20), Communist Public Figures (2), Courtesans (3), Designers (2), Diplomats (4), Essayists (11), Ethnographers (6), Exiles & First-generation Romanians born abroad (87), Explorers (1), Feminists (12), Folk Singers (1), Gymnasts, Dressage Riders (2), Historians (5), Honorary Romanian Women (15), Illustrators (3), Journalists (13), Lawyers (4), Librarians (3), Linguists (2), Literary Critics (1), Media (15), Medical Doctors/Nurses (5), Memoir Writers (16), Missionaries and Nuns (4), Mountainéers (2), Museographers (1), Musical Instruments Makers (1), Novelists (24), Opera Singers (16), Painters (14), Peasant Farmers (6), Philosophers and Philosophy Graduates (4), Pianists (6), Pilots (4), Playwrights (5), Poets (29), Political Prisoners (30), Politicians (5), Revolutionaries (2), Royals and Aristocrats (34), Scientists (8), Sculptors (4), Slave (1), Socialites/Hostesses (20), Spouses/Relations of Public Figures (51), Spies (2), Tapestry Weavers (4), Translators (25), Unknown Illustrious (6), Violinists (4), Workers (3)
NOTE:
Most of the above 160 Romanian women, in the best tradition of versatility, are true polymaths and therefore nearly each one of them falls in more than just one category, often three or more. This explains why adding the numbers of the 57 individual categories bears no relation to the actual total of the above 160 women included in Blouse Roumaine.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LIST OF 160 CRITICAL BIOGRAPHIES (each supported by Quotations and Bibliography)
AA *Gabriela Adamesteanu *Florenta Albu *Nina Arbore *Elena Arnàutoiu *Ioana Raluca Voicu-Arnàutoiu, *Laurentia Arnàutoiu *Mariea Plop - Arnàutoiu *Ana Aslan *Lady Elizabeth Asquith Bibescu
BB *Lauren Bacall *Lady Florence Baker *Zoe Bàlàceanu *Ecaterina Bàlàcioiu-Lovinescu *Victorine de Bellio *Pss. Marta Bibescu *Adriana Bittel *Maria Prodan Bjørnson *Ana Blandiana *Yvonne Blondel *Lola Bobescu *Smaranda Bràescu *Elena Bràtianu *Élise Bràtianu *Ioana Bràtianu *Elena Bràtianu- Racottà *Letitzia Bucur
CC *Anne-Marie Callimachi *Georgeta Cancicov *Madeleine Cancicov *Pss. Alexandra Cantacuzino *Pss.Maria Cantacuzino (Madame Puvis de Chavannes) *Pss. Maruca Cantacuzino-Enesco* Pss. Catherine Caradja *Elena Caragiani-Stoenescu *Marta Caraion-Blanc, *Nina Cassian, *Otilia Cazimir *Elena Ceausescu *Maria Cebotari *Ioana Celibidache *Hélène Chrissoveloni (Mme Paul Morand)*Alice Cocea *Irina Codreanu *Lizica Codreanu *Alina Cojocaru *Nadia Comàneci *Denisa Comànescu *Lena Constante *Silvia Constantinescu *Doina Cornea *Hortense Cornu *Viorica Cortez*Otilia Cosmutzà *Sandra Cotovu *Ileana Cotrubas *Carmen-Daniela Cràsnaru *Mioara Cremene *Florica Cristoforeanu *Pss. Elena Cuza
DD *Hariclea Darclée *Cella Delavrancea *Alina Diaconú *Varinca Diaconú *Anca Diamandy *Marie Ana Dràgescu *Rodica Dràghincescu *Bucura Dumbravà *Natalia Dumitrescu
EE *Micaela Eleutheriade *Queen Elisabeth of Romania (‘Carmen Sylva’) *Alexandra Enescu *Mica Ertegün
FF *Lizi Florescu, *Maria Forescu *Nicoleta Franck *Aurora Fúlgida
GG *Angela Gheorghiu *Pss Grigore Ghica *Pss. Georges Ghika (Liane de Pougy) *Veturia Goga *Maria Golescu *Nadia Gray *Olga Greceanu *Pss. Helen of Greece *Nicole Valéry-Grossu *Carmen Groza
HH *Virginia Andreescu Haret *Clara Haskil *Lucia Hossu-Longin
II *Pss. Ileana of Romania *Ana Ipàtescu *Marie-France Ionesco *Dora d’Istria *Rodica Iulian
JJ *Doina Jela *Lucretia Jurj
KK *Mite Kremnitz
LL *Marie-Jeanne Lecca *Madeleine Lipatti *Monica Lovinescu *Elena Lupescu
MM *Maria Mailat *Ileana Màlàncioiu *Ionela Manolesco *Lilly Marcou *Silvia Marcovici *Queen Marie of Romania *Ioana A. Marin *Ioana Meitani *Gabriela Melinescu *Veronica Micle *Nelly Miricioiu *Herta Müller *Alina Mungiu-Pippidi *Agnes Kelly Murgoci
NN *Mabel Nandris *Anita Nandris-Cudla *Lucia Negoità *Mariana Nicolesco *Countess Anna de Noailles *Ana Novac
OO *Helen O’Brien *Oana Orlea
PP *Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu *Milita Pàtrascu *Ana Pauker *Marta Petreu *Cornelia Pillat *Magdalena Popa *Elvira Popescu
RR *Ruxandra Racovitzà *Elisabeta Rizea *Eugenia Roman *Stella Roman *Queen Ana de România, *Pss. Margarita de România *Maria Rosetti *Elisabeth Roudinesco
SS *Annie Samuelli *Sylvia Sidney *Henriette-Yvonne Stahl *Countess Leopold Starszensky *Elena Stefoi *Pss. Marina Stirbey *Sanda Stolojan *Cecilia Cutzescu-Storck
TT *Maria Tànase *Aretia Tàtàrescu *Monica Theodorescu *Elena Theodorini
UU *Viorica Ursuleac
VV *Elena Vàcàrescu *Leontina Vàduva *Ana Velescu *Marioara Ventura *Anca Visdei *Wanda Sachelarie Vladimirescu *Alice Steriade Voinescu
WW *Sabina Wurmbrand
ZZ *Virginia Zeani
sw.kingdomsalvation.org/testimonies/the-never-quenching-l...?
Nguvu ya Maisha Ambayo Haiwezi Kuzimwa Kamwe
Dong Mei, Mkoa wa Henan
Mimi ni mtu wa kawaida. Niliishi maisha ya kawaida. Kama wengi wanaotamani sana mwanga, nilijaribu njia nyingi kutafuta maana ya kweli ya uwepo wa wanadamu, nikijaribu kuyapa maisha yangu umuhimu zaidi. Mwishowe, juhudi zangu zote zilikuwa bure. Lakini baada ya kuwa na bahati ya kutosha kukubali kazi ya Mwenyezi Mungu ya siku za mwisho, mabadiliko ya muujiza yalitokea katika maisha yangu. Yalileta rangi zaidi katika maisha yangu, na nilikuja kuelewa kwamba ni Mungu pekee ni Mtoa wa kweli wa roho na maisha ya wanadamu. Nilikuwa na furaha kwamba hatimaye nilikuwa nimepata njia sahihi ya maisha. Hata hivyo, huku nikitekeleza wajibu wangu wakati mmoja nilikamatwa kiharamu na kuteswa kikatili na serikali ya CCP. Kutoka kwa hili, safari ya maisha yangu ilipata uzoefu ambao kamwe sitasahau …
Siku moja mnamo Desemba 2011 takribani saa moja asubuhi, mimi na kiongozi mwingine wa kanisa ulikuwa tukitekeleza hesabu ya mali ya kanisa wakati zaidi ya maafisa kumi wa polisi ghafla waliingia. Mmoja wa hawa polisi waovu alitukurupia na kusema kwa kelele: “Msisonge!” Baada ya kuona kilichokuwa kikitokea, kichwa changu kilishtuka. Kisha, polisi waovu walituchunguza kama magaidi waliokuwa wakitekeleza wizi. Pia walipekua kila chumba, walivigeuza shelabela kwa haraka sana. Mwishowe, walipata mali fulani ya kanisa, kadi tatu za benki, risiti za kuweka pesa, kompyuta, simu za rununu, na kadhalika. Waliyachukua yote ngawira, na kisha walituchukua sisi wanne kwa kituo cha polisi.
Alasiri, polisi waovu waliwaleta ndani dada wengine watatu ambao walikuwa wamewakamata. Walitufungia sisi saba katika chumba na hawakuacha tuzungumze, wala hawakuturuhusu tulale usiku ulipofika. Baada ya kuona dada wakifungiwa ndani na mimi, na kufikiri kuhusu ni kiasi gani cha pesa ambacho kanisa lilipoteza, nilikuwa nimezuzuliwa na wasiwasi. Yote ambayo ningefanya ni kuomba kwa dharura kwa Mungu: Ee Mungu! Huku nikikabiliwa na hali ya aina hii, sijui la kufanya. Tafadhali linda moyo wangu na kuufanya mtulivu. Baada ya kuomba, nilifikiri maneno ya Mungu: “Usiogope, mambo kama haya yanapotendeka kanisani, yote yanaruhusiwa na Mimi. Simama na kuzungumza kwa niaba Yangu. Kuwa na imani kwamba mambo na masuala yote yanaruhusiwa na kiti Changu cha enzi na yote yana nia Zangu ndani yayo” (“Sura ya 41” ya Matamko ya Kristo Mwanzoni katika Neno Laonekana katika Mwili). “Unapaswa kujua kwamba vitu vyote vilivyo katika mazingira yanayo wazunguka vipo hapo kwa ruhusa Yangu, Mimi napanga yote. Oneni wazi na muridhishe moyo Wangu katika mazingira Niliyokupa” (“Sura ya 26” ya Matamko ya Kristo Mwanzoni katika Neno Laonekana katika Mwili). Maneno ya Mungu yalizima hofu kubwa moyoni mwangu. Nilitambua kwamba, leo, hii hali imenipata kwa ruhusa ya Mungu, na kwamba wakati ulikuwa umewadia ambapo Mungu alitaka nimshuhudie. Baada ya kuelewa mapenzi ya Mungu, nilimwomba Mungu na kusema: “Ee Mungu! Nataka kutii utaratibu na mipango Yako na kusimama imara katika ushuhuda Kwako—lakini mimi ni wa kimo kidogo, na naomba kwamba Unipe imani na nguvu, na kunilinda katika kusimama imara.”
Asubuhi iliyofuata, walitutenga na kutuhoji. “Najua wewe ni kiongozi wa kanisa. Tumekuwa tukiwafuatia ninyi watu kwa miezi mitano,” alisema mmoja wa polisi waovu kwa maringo. Nilipomsikia akieleza kwa utondoti kila kitu ambacho walikuwa wamefanya kunifuatia, nilitetemeka kwaa woga. Katika akili yangu, nilifikiri, serikali ya CCP kweli inaweka matayarisho mengi katika kutukamata. Kwa kuwa tayari wanajua mimi ni kiongozi wa kanisa, hakuna jinsi wataniacha niende. Mara moja niliweka azimio langu mbele ya Mungu: Afadhali nife badala ya kumsaliti Mungu na kuwa Yuda. Baada ya kuona kuwa kuhoji kwao hakukuwa kunazaa matunda yoyote, walimpa mtu kazi ya kunitazama na kutoniacha nilale.
Katika siku ya tatu ya mahojiano, mkuu wa polisi waovu aliwasha kompyuta na kunifanya nisome taarifa zilizomsingizia Mungu. Kwa kuona kwamba sikuguswa, baada ya hapo alinihoji kwa makini kuhusu fedha za kanisa. Niligeuza kichwa changu kwa upande mmoja na kumpuuza. Hili lilimfanya kukasirika sana na alianza kutukana. “Haijalishi usiposema lolote—tunaweza kukuzuia bila mwisho, na kukutesa wakati wowote ule tunaotaka,” alinitisha kwa ukali. Katikati ya usiku huo, polisi walianza mateso yao. Walivuta mkono wangu mmoja nyuma ya bega langu na mwingine juu kutoka kwa mgongo wangu. Walifinya mgongo wangu na miguu yao, kwa nguvu walitia pingu vifundo pamoja. Ilikuwa uchungu sana kiasi kwamba nilipiga yowe kwa maumivu—mifupa na nyama katika mabega yangu zilihizi kana kwamba zingepasuka. Ningeweza tu kupiga magoti bila kusonga na kichwa changu kikiwa sakafuni. Nilifikiri mayowe yangu yangewafanya watulize makali kwangu, lakini badala yake waliweka kikombe cha chai kati ya pingu na mgongo wangu, jambo ambalo lilizidisha tena maumivu. Mifupa katika mwili wangu wa juu ilihisi kana kwamba ilikuwa imevunjwa nusu. Nilihisi uchungu sana hivi kwamba sikuthubutu kupumua nje na jasho baridi ilitiririka usoni pangu. Punde tu nilipohisi kwamba singevumilia uchungu tena, mmoja wa polisi waovu alichukua fursa hii kuniambia: “Tupe tu jina na tutakuachilia uende mara moja.” Wakati huo, nilimwita Mungu aulinde moyo wangu. Mara moja nilifikiria wimbo: “Mungu katika mwili, Anateseka, napaswa kuteseka kiasi gani zaidi? Ikiwa ningekubali giza, ningemwonaje Mungu? Ningewezaje kukuacha kutafuta unaodaiwa kuwa uhuru? Afadhali niteseke ili kufidia moyo Wako unaohuzunika” (“Kusubiri Habari Njema za Mungu” katika Mfuateni Mwanakondoo na Kuimba Nyimbo Mpya). “Ndiyo,” Nilifikiria. “Kristo ndiye Mungu mtakatifu na mwenye haki. Alipata mwili na kuja duniani kuleta wokovu kwa wanadamu waliopotoka kwa kina. Kwa muda fulani sasa, Amekiwa akiteswa na kuwindwa na serikali ya CCP na amepingwa na kushutumiwa na wanadamu. Haikumpasa Mungu kuteseka kwa njia hii, lakini Anavumilia haya yote ili kutuokoa.” Kwa hivyo, baada ya kutafakari, niliona kwamba nilikuwa nikiteseka sasa ili kupata wokovu—napaswa kupitia mateso haya. Iwapo ningekubali kushindwa na Shetani kwa sababu singeweza kuvumilia uchungu, ningewezaje kukabiliana na Mungu wakati wowote tena? Kufikiri hili kulinipa nguvu, na nikakua mgumu mara nyingine tena. Polisi waovu walinitesa kwa takriban saa moja. Walipoondoa pingu, mwili wangu mzima ulianguka bila nguvu sakafuni. “Usipoongea tutafanya hilo tena!” walinipigia kelele. Niliwatazama na kutosema chochote. Moyo wangu ulijawa na chuki kwa polisi hawa waovu. Mmoja wa polisi waovu alisonga mbele kutia pingu tena. Huku nikifikiri uchungu mkali sana ambao nilikuwa nimeupita karibuni, niliendelea kumwomba Mungu moyoni mwangu. Kwa mshangao wangu, alipojaribu kuvuta mikono yangu nyuma ya mgongo wangu hangeweza kuisogeza. Haikuwa uchungu sana, pia. Alikuwa akijaribu kwa nguvu sana hivi kwamba kichwa chake chote kilikuwa kimejaa jasho—lakini bado hangeweza kutia pingu. “Una nguvu mwingi!” alitweta kwa hasira. Nilijua kwamba huyu alikuwa Mungu akinijali, kwamba Mungu alikuwa akinipa nguvu. Shukrani iwe kwa Mungu!
Kufika alfajiri kulikuwa vigumu. Bado nilikuwa na kiwewe nilipofikiri nyuma jinsi polisi waovu walikuwa wamenitesa. Pia walinitisha, wakiniambia kwamba iwapo singesema chochote, wangelazimika kunipeleka ndani sana ya milimani na kuniua. Baadaye, walipokamata waumini wengine, wangesema nililisaliti kanisa—wangechafua jina langu, na kuwafanya ndugu wengine wa kanisa wanichukie na kunikana. Kufikiri hilo, moyo wangu ulizidiwa na mawimbi ya majonzi na kutojiweza. Nilijipata nikihisi mwoga na mnyonge. Akilini mwangu nilifikiri: Afadhali nife. Kwa njia hiyo sitakuwa Yuda na kumsaliti Mungu, wala sitakanwa na ndugu zangu. Pia nitaepuka uchungu wa mateso ya mwili. Kwa hivyo nilingoja hadi wakati ambapo polisi waovu waliokuwa wakinilinda hawakuwa wakitia makini na kuupiga kichwa changu kwa nguvu sana dhidi ya ukuta—lakini yote yaliyotokea ilikuwa kwamba kichwa changu kiliona kizunguzungu, sikufa. Wakati huo, maneno ya Mungu yalinipa nuru kutoka ndani: “Wengine wanapokuelewa vibaya, unaweza kumwomba Mungu na kusema: ‘Ee Mungu! Siombi kwamba wengine wanivumilie au kunitendea vyema, wala kwamba wanielewe au kunikubali. Naomba tu kwamba niweze kukupenda moyoni mwangu, kwamba niwe na uhakika moyoni mwangu, na kwamba dhamiri yangu ni safi. Siombi kwamba wengine wanisifu, au kuniheshimu, ninatafuta tu kukuridhisha kutoka moyoni mwangu’” (“Ni kwa Kupitia Usafishaji tu Ndiyo Mwanadamu Anaweza Kumpenda Mungu kwa Kweli” katika Neno Laonekana katika Mwili). Maneno ya Mungu yaliondoa huzuni kutoka kwa moyo wangu. Ndiyo. Mungu huona mioyo ya ndani kabisa ya watu. Iwapo polisi wakinisingizia, hata kama ndugu wengine kwa kweli wanielewe visivyo na kunikataa kwa sababu hawajui kile kilichotendeka kwa kweli, naamini kwamba nia za Mungu ni nzuri; Mungu anajaribu imani na upendo wangu Kwake, na napaswa kufuatilia kumfanya Mungu kuridhika. Baada ya kubaini njama janja za Shetani, ghafla nilihisi mwenye fedheha na aibu. Niliona kwamba imani yangu kwa Mungu ilikuwa ndogo sana. Sikuwa nimeweza kusimama imara baada ya kupitia uchungu kidogo, na nilikuwa nimefikiri kutoroka na kuepuke mipango ya Mungu kupitia kifo. Lengo la polisi waovu katika kuzungumza maneno haya ya tishio lilikuwa kunifanya nimkane Mungu. Na isingekuwa ulinzi wa Mungu, ningedanganywa na njama zao janja. Nilipokuwa nikitafakari maneno ya Mungu, moyo wangu ulijawa na mwanga. Sikutaka tena kufa, ila kuishi maisha mazuri, na kutumia kile ambacho kweli niliishi kwa kudhihirisha kumshuhudia Mungu na kumletea Shetani aibu.
Polisi hao wawili waovu waliopewa kazi ya kunilinda waliuliza mbona nilikuwa nimegongesha kichwa changu dhidi ya ukuta. Nilisema kwa sababu polisi hao wengine walikuwa wamenipiga. “Kimsingi tunafanya kazi kupitia elimu. Usijali—sitawaacha wakupige tena,” mmoja wao alisema kwa tabasamu. Baada ya kusikia maneno yake ya faraja, nilifikiri: Hawa watu wawili si wabaya; tangu nikamatwe wamekuwa wazuri kabisa kwangu. Kwa hilo, nililegeza tahadhari yangu. Lakini wakati huo, maneno ya Mungu yalikuja ghafla moyoni mwangu: “Nyakati zote, watu Wangu wanapaswa kujihadhari dhidi ya hila danganyifu za Shetani, walinde lango la nyumba Yangu kwa ajili Yangu, … kitu ambacho kitawazuia kuingia katika mtego wa Shetani, wakati mtakapokuwa na majuto ya kuchelewa sana” (“Sura ya 3” ya Maneno ya Mungu kwa Ulimwengu Mzima katika Neno Laonekana katika Mwili). Maneno ya Mungu yalinipa kumbusho la wakati wa kufaa, yakinionyesha kwamba njama janja za ibilisi ni nyingi, na napaswa kuwa hadhari dhidi ya ibilisi hawa wakati wote. Sikutarajia hata kidogo kwamba punde wangefichua tabia zao halisi. Mmoja wa polisi waovu alianza kumkashifu Mungu, huku mwingine aliketi chini kando yangu alinipapasa mguu wangu, akinitazama kwa jicho la husuda na kuuliza kuhusu fedha za kanisa. Jioni, alipoona kwamba nilikuwa nikisinzia, alianza kupapasa kifua changu. Baada ya kuona kwamba walikuwa wamefichua tabia yao halisi, nilijawa na hasira. Ni sasa tu nilipoona waliodhaniwa polisi wa watu walikuwa tu wahuni na wadhalimu. Haya yalikuwa mambo mabaya yenye kustahili dharau, ambayo wangeweza kufanya. Kama matokeo, niliweza tu kumwomba Mungu kwa dharura ili anilinde kutokana na madhara yao.
Katika siku kadhaa zilizofuata, polisi waovu hawakunihoji tu kwa makini kuhusu kanisa, lakini pia walichukua zamu kunitazama ili kwamba nisilale. Baadaye, walipoona jinsi sikuwa nimewapa chochote, polisi hao wawili waovu waliokuwa wakinihoji walizidi kwa ghadhabu. Mmoja wao alinishambulia vikali, akinizaba kofi usoni, akinipiga kwa vishindo mara kadhaa. Uso wangu uliwasha, ulianza kuvimba, na mwishowe ukawa wenye ganzi sana kiasi kwamba singehisi chochote. Kwa sababu maswali yao hayakuwa yamezaa matunda yoyote kutoka kwangu, jioni moja mkuu wa polisi waovu alinipigia unyende na kusema, “Unahitaji kuanza kufungua mdomo wako. Unajaribu subira yangu—siamini kwamba hakuna chochote tunaweza kufanya na wewe. Nimekutana na watu wengi wagumu zaidi kukuliko. Tusipokuwa wakali kwako, hutatii katu!!” Alitoa amri na polisi waovu kadhaa walianza kunitesa. Jioni, chumba cha mahojiano kilikuwa cha huzuni na cha kuogofya—nilihisi kana kwamba nilikuwa jahanamu. Walinifanya nichutame sakafuni na kufunga mikono yangu katikati ya magoti na miguu yangu. Kisha, waliingiza kifimbo cha mbao katikati ya mapindi ya mikono yangu na nyuma ya magoti yangu, wakilazimisha mwili wangu wote kupinda juu. Kisha walikiinua kifimbo na kukiweka katikati ya meza mbili, wakiuacha mwili wangu wote ukining’inia hewani na kichwa changu kikiwa juu chini. Punde waliponiinua juu, kichwa changu kilipata kizunguzungu na niliona vigumu kupumua. Ilihisi kana kwamba nilikuwa nikisongwa. Kwa sababu nilikuwa nilining’inishwa hewani juu chini uzito wangu wote ulikuwa ukiangukia vifundo vyangu. Mwanzoni, ili kukomesha pingu kuukata mwili wangu, nilifumbata mikono yangu pamoja kwa kukaza, nikaupinda mwili wangu, na kujaribu kwa nguvu kadiri nilivyoweza kubaki katika hali hiyo. Lakini nguvu yangu ilipungua polepole. Mikono yangu iliteleza kutoka kwa vifundo vya miguu hadi kwa magoti yangu, na pingu ilikata kwa kina katika mwili wangu, ikiniacha na uchungu mkubwa sana. Baada ya kuning’inia hivi kwa takribani nusu saa, ilihisi kana kwamba damu yote katika mwili wangu ilikuwa imejikusanya kichwani mwangu. Uvimbe mchungu katika kichwa changu na macho ulifanya yahisi kana kwamba yalikuwa karibu kulipuka. Makato ya kina yalikuwa yamechimbwa katika vifundo vyangu, na mikono yangu ilikuwa imevimba sana kiasi kwamba ilionekana kama mikate miwili. Nilihisi nilikuwa ukingoni mwa kifo. “Siwezi kuvumilia tena, niweke chini!” nilipaza sauti kwa kukata tamaa. “Hakuna anayeweza kukuokoa ila wewe mwenyewe. Tuambie tu jina na tutakuacha uteremke chini,” alisema mmoja wa polisi waovu kwa ukali. Mwishowe, waliona kwa kweli nilikuwa katika taabu na waliniweka chini. Walinilisha glukosi kiasi na kuanza kunihoji tena. Nililala bila nguvu kama matope ardhini, macho yangu yakifumbwa kwa kukaza, nikiwa siwatilii makini. Bila kutarajia, polisi waovu waliniinua hewani tena. Bila nguvu ya kushikilia kwa mikono yangu, sikuwa na lingine ila kuacha pingu ijitie ndani katika vifundo vyangu, makali yaliyochongoka yakikata mwili wangu. Wakati huo, ilikuwa uchungu sana nilitoa yowe la kuhuzunisha sana. Sikuwa na nguvu ya kuendelea kupigana na kupumua kwangu kulikuwa kumekua kwa kina kifupi sana. Ilionekana kana kwamba wakati ulikuwa umesimama. Nilihisi kwamba nilikuwa nikiyumbayumba ukingoni mwa kifo. Nilipofikiri kwamba wakati huu kweli ningekufa, nilitaka kumwambia Mungu maneno yaliyokuwa moyoni mwangu kabla ya maisha yangu kuisha: “Ee Mungu! Wakati huu, ambapo kweli niko ukingoni mwa kifo, nahisi woga— lakini hata kama kweli nikifa leo, bado nitasifu haki Yako. Ee Mungu! Katika safari yangu fupi ya maisha, nakushukuru kwa kunichagua nirudi nyumbani kutoka kwa dunia hii ya dhambi, kunizuia kuzurura, nikiwa nimepotea, na kuniruhusu kuishi milele katika kumbatio Lako kunjufu. Ee Mungu, nimefurahia upendo Wako sana—na ilhali sasa tu, wakati maisha yangu yako karibu kuisha, ndipo nagundua kwamba sijatunza upendo Wako. Nyakati nyingi nimekufanya kuwa na huzuni na masikitiko; mimi ni kama mtoto mjinga anayejua tu kufurahia upendo wa mama yake, ilhali hajawahi kufikiria kuulipiza. Sasa tu ambapo niko karibu kupoteza maisha yangu ndipo naelewa kwamba ni lazima nitunze upendo Wako, na ni sasa tu ndipo najuta kukosa nyakati nyingi nzuri. Sasa, ninachojuta zaidi ni kwamba sijaweza kukufanyia lolote na unanidai mengi sana, na kama bado naweza kuishi, kwa hakika nitafanya kila niwezalo kutekeleza wajibu wangu, kufidia kile Unachonidai. Wakati huu, naomba tu kwamba Unipe nguvu, kuniruhusu kutowahi tena kuogopa kifo, na kuwa mwenye nguvu katika kile ninachokabili….” Tone baada ya tone la machozi lilianguka kutoka kwa paji la uso wangu. Usiku ulikuwa kimya kiasi cha kuogofya. Sauti ya pekee ilikuwa saa kubwa ikipiga ta-ta, kana kwamba kuhesabu sekunde ambazo zilisalia za maisha yangu. Hapo ndipo kitu cha muujiza kilifanyika: Nilihisi kana kwamba mwanga wa jua wa vuguvugu ulikuwa ukiniangazia, na polepole niliacha kuhisi uchungu mwilini mwangu. Maneno ya Mungu nguruma akilini mwangu: “Tangu unapoingia katika dunia hii ukilia, unaanza kutekeleza wajibu wako. Kwa kuchukua jukumu lako katika mpango wa Mungu na katika utaratibu Wake, unaanza safari yako katika maisha. Licha ya asili yako na licha ya safari iliyoko mbele yako, hakuna kitakachoepuka mpango na utaratibu ambao mbingu imeunda, na hakuna aliye na udhibiti wa hatima yake mwenyewe, kwa maana yule Anayetawala kila kitu ndiye tu Aliye na uwezo wa kazi hiyo” (“Mungu Ndiye Chanzo cha Uhai wa Mwanadamu” katika Neno Laonekana katika Mwili). Ndiyo—Mungu ndiye chanzo cha maisha yangu, Mungu hutawala kudura yangu, na lazima nijiachilie mikononi mwa Mungu na kujiweka katika matumizi Yake. Kutafakari maneno ya Mungu kulinipa hisia ya kufurahisha, tulivu moyoni mwangu, kana kwamba nilikuwa nikijinyoosha katika kumbatio kunjufu la Mungu. Nilijipata nikilala. Wakiwa na woga kwamba ningekufa, polisi waovu waliniweka chini na kwa haraka walinipa glukosi kiasi na maji. Katika kukaribia kwangu kifo, nilikuwa nimetazama matendo ya muujiza ya Mungu.
Siku iliyofuata, polisi waovu walishinda jioni nzima wakiniinua juu tena na tena. Walinihoji kuhusu mahali ambapo pesa za risiti ambazo walikuwa wamechukua ngariwa zilikuwa. Wakati huo wote, sikusema chochote—ilhali bado hawakukata tamaa. Ili kupata pesa za kanisa, walitumia kila njia yenye kustahili dharau kunitesa. Wakati huo, maneno ya Mungu yalirudia rudia moyoni mwangu: “Maelfu ya miaka ya chuki ikiwa imejaa kifuani, milenia ya dhambi imeandikwa katika moyo—inawezekanaje hii isichochee chuki? Kumlipiza Mungu, kuuondoa kabisa uadui wake, usimwache kutangatanga tena, na usimruhusu kufanya fujo zaidi kama anavyotaka! Sasa ndio wakati: Mwanadamu ana muda mrefu tangu akusanye nguvu zake zote, amejitolea nguvu zake zote, amelipa kila gharama, kwa hili, kuchana uso uliojificha wa pepo hili na kuwafanya watu, ambao wamepofushwa na kuvumilia kila aina ya mateso na taabu, kuinuka kutoka katika maumivu na kurudi kwa ibilisi huyu wa zamani” (“Kazi na Kuingia (8)” katika Neno Laonekana katika Mwili). Maneno ya Mungu yalinipa nguvu na imani kubwa. Ningepigana hadi kufa na Shetani, na hata kama ningekufa, ningesimama imara katika ushuhuda wangu kwa Mungu. Nikitiwa msukumo na maneno ya Mungu, bila kujua nilisahau uchungu. Kwa njia hii, kila wakati waliniinua juu, maneno ya Mungu yalinitia msukumo na kunipa motisha, na hivyo kadiri walivyonibeba juu mara nyingi, ndivyo nilivyoweza kubaini asili yao zaidi—ambayo ilikuwa ya ibilisi waovu—na ndivyo azimio langu kusimama imara katika ushuhuda wangu na kumridhisha Mungu lilivyokuwa kubwa zaidi. Mwishowe, wote walichoshwa na mimi. “Watu wengi sana hawawezi kuvumilia kutundikwa hivi kwa nusu saa, lakini amevumilia wakati huu wote—kwa kweli yeye ni sugu!” Niliwasikia wakitoa mawazo. Kwa kusikia maneno haya, nilijawa na msisimko. Akilini mwangu, nilifikiri: Mungu msaada wangu, huwezi kunivunja moyo. Mbali na mateso ya mwili, wakati wa siku na usiku zangu tisa katika kituo cha polisi polisi waovu pia walininyima usingizi. Kila wakati nilipofunga macho yangu na kuanza kusinzia, wangepiga vifimbo vyao dhidi ya meza, au sivyo wangenifanya nisimame na kukimbia huku na kule, au sivyo kunipigia kelele tu, wakijaribu kunihuzunisha na kuvunja akili yangu. Baada ya siku tisa, wakiona kwamba hawakuwa wamefikia lengo lao, polisi bado hawakukata tamaa. Walinipeleka katika hoteli, ambapo walitia pingu mikono yangu mbele ya miguu yangu, kisha wakaingiza kifimbo cha mbao katikati ya mapindi ya mikono na miguu yangu, nikilazimika kuketi mwili wangu ukiwa umepinda juu sakafuni. Walinifanya nibaki katika hali hii nikiketi sakafuni kwa siku kadhaa zilizofuata, ambayo ilisababisha pingu kuukata mwili wangu. Mikono na vifundo vyangu vilivimba na kubadilika rangi kuwa zambarau, na kikalio changu kilihisi uchungu sana sikuthubutu kukisugua ama kukishika; ilihisi kama nilikuwa nikikalia sindano. Siku moja, mmoja wa viongozi wa polisi waovu, akiona kwamba mahojiano yangu hayakuwa yamezaa matunda, alitembea kunifikia akiwa amekasirika sana na kunizaba kofi kwa nguvu usoni—kwa nguvu kiasi cha kutosha kulegeza meno yangu mbili.
Mwishowe, wakuu wawili kutoka kwa Idara ya Usalama wa Umma ya Mkoa walikuja. Punde walipowasili, waliondoa pingu, wakanisaidia kwenda kwa kochi, na kunipa kikombe cha maji. “Umekuwa na wakati mgumu kwa siku chache zilizopita—lakini usilitilie moyoni, walikuwa wakifuata tu amri,” walisema kwa unafiki. Unafiki wao ulinifanya niwachukie sana kiasi kwamba nilisaga meno yangu. Pia kuwasha kompyuta na kunionyesha ushahidi usio kweli. Walisema maneno mengi ambayo yalishutumu na kufukuru dhidi ya Mungu. Moyoni mwangu, nilihisi kukasirishwa. Nilitaka kubishana nao, lakini nilijua kwamba kufanya hivyo kungewafanya tu kukufuru dhidi ya Mungu kwa wayowayo hata zaidi. Wakati huu, nilihisi kweli jinsi taabu aliyopitia Mungu mwenye mwili ilivyokuwa kubwa, na jinsi Mungu alivyovumilia fedheha nyingi kwa ajili ya kumwokoa mwanadamu. Kilicho zaidi, niliona uhafifu na kustahili dharau kwa ibilisi hawa waovu. Moyoni mwangu, kwa siri niliapa kwamba ningejiondoa kabisa kwa Shetani na milele kuwa mwaminifu kwa Mungu. Baadaye, bila kujali jinsi walivyojaribu kunidanganya, niliendelea kufunga mdomo wangu na sikusema chochote. Baada ya kuona kuwa maneno yao hayakuwa na athari yoyote, wakuu hao wawili waliondoka tu kwa hasira.
Katika kipindi cha siku na usiku kumi katika hoteli, waliendelea kunitia pingu, wakinifanya kuchuchumaa sakafuni nikishika miguu yangu. Nikikumbuka tangu nilipokamatwa, nilikuwa nimeishi siku na usiku kumi na tisa katika kituo cha polisi na hoteli. Ulinzi wa upendo wa Mungu ulikuwa umeniruhusu nilale kidogo, lakini polisi waovu hawakuwa wameniruhusu kulala wakati huo wote; ningefunga macho tu kwa muda na wangefanya chochote kilichohitajika kuniweka macho—kupiga meza, kunipiga teke kwa nguvu, kunipigia kelele, kuniamuru nikimbie huku na kule, na kadhalika. Kila wakati ningeshtuliwa, moyo wangu ungetwanga kifuani mwangu, na ningehisi woga sana. Hilo, likiongezwa kwa mateso ya mara kwa mara ya polisi waovu, na nguvu yangu iliishia kupunguka kabisa, mwili wangu wote ulikuwa umevimba na usiotulia, na niliona kila kitu vikiwa mbili mbili. Ningejua kulikuwa na watu mbele yangu wakiongea, lakini sauti ya milio yao ingeonekana kana kwamba ilikuwa ikitoka mbali sana. Zaidi ya hayo, mijibizo yangu ilianza kuwa ya polepole sana. Kwa mimi kustahimili hili kwa kiasi fulani kulikuwa yote kwa sababu ya nguvu kuu ya Mungu! Kama alivyosema Mungu: “Husababisha binadamu kuzaliwa upya, na kumwezesha kwa ushupavu kuishi kwa kila jukumu lake. Kwa sababu ya uwezo Wake, na nguvu ya maisha Yake yasiyopungua, binadamu ameishi kwa kizazi baada ya kizazi, ambapo nguvu ya uhai wa Mungu umekuwa uti wa mgongo wa kuwepo kwa binadamu, na ambayo Mungu amelipia gharama ambayo hakuna mtu wa kawaida amewahi kulipa. Nguvu za Mungu za maisha zinaweza kutawala juu ya nguvu zozote; zaidi ya hayo, inazidi mamlaka yoyote. Maisha Yake ni ya milele, nguvu zake za ajabu, na nguvu Zake za maisha si rahisi kuzidiwa na kiumbe yeyote au nguvu za adui” (“Ni Kristo Wa Siku za Mwisho Pekee Ndiye Anayeweza Kumpa Mwanadamu Njia ya Uzima wa Milele” katika Neno Laonekana katika Mwili). Moyoni mwangu, nilitoa shukrani na sifa ya uaminifu kwa Mungu: Ee Mungu! Unatawala vitu vyote, matendo Yako ni yasiyokadirika, Wewe pekee ni mwenyezi, Wewe ni nguvu ya maisha isiyozimika, Wewe ni chemichemi ya maji hai kwa maisha yangu. Katika hali hii maalum, nimetazama nguvu Yako maalum na mamlaka. Mwishowe, polisi waovu hawakupata majibu kwa maswali yao kutoka kwangu, na walinituma hadi katika kituo cha kuzuia.
Njiani kuelekea katika kituo cha kuzuia, polisi wawili waliniambia: “Umefanya vizuri sana. Ninyi watu huenda mkawa katika kituo cha kuzuia, lakini ninyi ni watu wazuri. Kuna aina nyingi hapo: wauza madawa, wauaji, malaya—utaona utakapowasili.” “Kwa kuwa unajua sisi ni watu wazuri, mbona mnatukamata? Je, serikali haiongei kuhusu uhuru wa dini?” niliuliza. “Hiyo ni Chama cha Kikomunisti inawadanganya. Chama hicho hutupa riziki yetu, kwa hivyo lazima tufanye kinachosema. Hatuna chuki kwako ama kuwa na kitu chochote dhidi yako. Tulikukamata tu kwa sababu unamwamini Mungu,” mmoja wa polisi alisema. Baada ya kusikia hili, nilikumbuka kila kitu nilichokuwa nimepitia. Singeweza kuzuia kukumbuka maneno ya Mungu: “Uhuru wa dini? Haki halali na matakwa ya wananchi? Zote hizo ni njama za kufunika dhambi!” (“Kazi na Kuingia (8)” katika Neno Laonekana katika Mwili). Maneno ya Mungu yaliulenga kiini cha suala, yakiniruhusu kuona kwa kweli sura ya kweli ya serikali ya CCP na jinsi inavyojaribu kupata heshima ambayo haistahili; kwa juu juu, inapeperusha bendera ya uhuru wa dini, lakini kwa siri inakamata, kukandamiza, na kushambulia wale wanaomwamini Mungu pande zote za nchi, katika tumaini bure la kupiga marufuku kazi ya Mungu, na pia inapora pesa za kanisa bila aibu,yote ambayo huweka wazi asili yake ya kishetani inayomchukia Mungu na kuchukia ukweli.
Nikiwa katika kituo cha kuzuia, kulikuwa na nyakati ambapo nilikuwa dhaifu na katika maumivu. Lakini maneno ya Mungu yaliendelea kunipa moyo, kunipa nguvu na imani, kuniruhusu kuelewa kwamba ingawa Shetani alikuwa ameniondolea uhuru wa mwili, mateso yalikuwa yameniongeza, yakinifundisha kumtegemea Mungu wakati wa mateso ya hao ibilisi waovu, kuniruhusu kuelewa maana ya kweli ya ukweli mwingi, kuona thamani ya ukweli, na kuongeza azimio langu na motisha ya kufuatilia ukweli. Nilikuwa tayari kuendelea kumtii Mungu, na kupitia yote ambayo Mungu alikuwa amenipangia. Kama matokeo, nilipokuwa nikifanya kazi katika kituo cha kuzuia, niliimba nyimbo na kwa kimya nilifikiri kuhusu upendo wa Mungu. Nilihisi kwamba moyo wangu ulikuwa umekuja karibu na Mungu, na sikuona tena siku zikiwa chungu ama za kudhikisha sana.
Wakati wa kipindi hiki, polisi waovu walinihoji mara mingi zaidi. Nilimshukuru Mungu kwa kuniongoza katika kushinda mateso yao mara kwa mara tena. Baadaye polisi waovu waliondoa pesa zote kutoka kwa kadi zangu tatu za benki. Kutazama bila kujiweza peza za kanisa zikichukuliwa na polisi waovu kuliuvunja moyo wangu. Moyo wangu ulijawa na chuki kwa hili kundi lafi, ovu la ibilisi, na nilitamani sana ufalme wa Kristo kuwasili punde. Mwishowe, licha ya kutokuwa na ushahidi wowote, walinihukumu mwaka mmoja na miezi mitatu ya kuelimishwa tena kupitia kazi kwa ajili ya “kuvuruga utulivu wa umma.”
Baada ya kuteswa kikatili na serikali ya CCP, kwa kweli nilikuwa nimeonja upendo na wokovu wa Mungu kwangu, na nilikuja kufahamu ukuu na uweza wa Mungu na matendo Yake ya muujiza, nilikuwa nimeona mamlaka na nguvu ya maneno ya Mungu. Aidha kwa kweli nilikuwa nimemdharau Shetani. Katika kipindi hicho cha mateso, maneno ya Mungu yalikuwa yameandamana na mimi kupitia mchana na usiku za kudhikisha, maneno ya Mungu yalikuwa yameniruhusu kubaini njama janja za Shetani na kutoa ulinzi wa wakati wa kufaa. Maneno ya Mungu yalikuwa yamenifanya kuwa mwenye nguvu na ujasiri, yakiniruhusu kushinda mateso yao katili mara kwa mara tena. Maneno ya Mungu yalikuwa yamenipa nguvu na imani, yalikuwa yamenipa ujasiri wa kupigana na Shetani hadi mwisho kabisa…. Shukrani ziwe kwa Mungu! Mwenyezi Mungu ndiye ukweli, njia na uzima! Daima nitamfuata Mwenyezi Mungu hadi mwisho kabisa!
Image Source: Kanisa la Mwenyezi Mungu
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This is the cover photo of my set National Language Movement 2011
This Photo was taken on 21th Fab at 01:30 pm , From Jatio Shaheed Minar , Dhaka, BANGLADESH, This Photo was Taken while my Special Photowalk with The flickr Group Frame BANGLADESH
Description :The Bengali Language Movement: and in Bangali Trnslation to ভাষা আন্দোলন
The Bengali Language Movement: Can read In Bangoli here]ভাষা আন্দোলন, also known as the Language Movement (Bengali: ভাষা আন্দোলন; Bhasha Andolon), was a political effort in Bangladesh (then known as East Pakistan), advocating the recognition of the Bengali language as an official language ofPakistan. Such recognition would allow Bengali to be used in government affairs.When the state of Pakistan was formed in 1947, its two regions, East Pakistan (also called East Bengal) and West Pakistan, were split along cultural, geographical, and linguistic lines. In 1948, the Government of Pakistan ordained Urdu as the sole national language, sparking extensive protests among the Bengali-speaking majority of East Pakistan. Facing rising sectarian tensions and mass discontent with the new law, the government outlawed public meetings and rallies. The students of the University of Dhaka and other political activists defied the law and organised a protest on 21 February 1952. The movement reached its climax when police killed student demonstrators on that day. The deaths provoked widespread civil unrest led by the Awami Muslim League, later renamed the Awami League. After years of conflict, the central government relented and granted official status to the Bengali language in 1956. In 2000,UNESCO declared 21 February International Mother Language Day for the whole world to celebrate[1], in tribute to the Language Movement and the ethno-linguistic rights of people around the world.The Language Movement catalysed the assertion of Bengali national identity in Pakistan, and became a forerunner to Bengali nationalist movements, including the 6-point movement and subsequently the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. In Bangladesh, 21 February is observed as Language Movement Day, a national holiday. The Shaheed Minar monument was constructed near Dhaka Medical College in memory of the movement and its victims
Background
The present nations of Pakistan and Bangladesh were part of undivided India during the British colonial rule. From the mid-19th century, the Urdu language had been promoted as thelingua franca of Indian Muslims by political and religious leaders such as Sir Khwaja Salimullah, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk and Maulvi Abdul Haq.[2][3] Urdu is an Indo-Aryan language of the Indo-Iranian branch, belonging to the Indo-European family of languages. It developed under Persian, Arabic and Turkic influence on apabhramshas (last linguistic stage of the medieval Indian Aryan language Pali-Prakrit)[4] in South Asia during the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire.[5] With its Perso-Arabic script, the language was considered a vital element of the Islamic culture for Indian Muslims; Hindi and the Devanagari script were seen as fundamentals of Hindu culture.[2]While the use of Urdu grew common with Muslims in northern India, the Muslims of Bengal (a province in the eastern part of British Indian sub-continent) primarily used the Bengali language. Bengali is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language that arose from the eastern Middle Indic languages around 1000 CE[6] and developed considerably during the Bengal Renaissance. As early as the late 19th century, social activists such as the Muslim feminist Roquia Sakhawat Hussain were choosing to write in Bengali to reach out to the people and develop it as a modern literary language. Supporters of Bengali opposed Urdu even before the partition of India, when delegates from Bengal rejected the idea of making Urdu the lingua franca of Muslim India in the 1937 Lucknow session of the Muslim League. The Muslim League was a British Indian political party that became the driving force behind the creation of Pakistan as a Muslim state separate from British India.[7]
The Other Set related to this set are available here at : International Mother Language Day
All other Photos of this set are available at : National Language Movement Dat 2011
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Дорога к очищению
Кристофер, Филиппины
Меня зовут Кристофер, я пастор семейной церкви на Филиппинах. В 1987 году я был крещен и вернулся к Господу Иисусу. По милости Господа, в 1996 году я стал пастором местной церкви. В то время, помимо проповеди во многих городах Филиппин, я также проповедовал в таких местах, как Гонконг и Малайзия. Благодаря работе и водительству Святого Духа я чувствовал неисчерпаемую энергию в работе для Господа и слова лились непрерывным потоком во время моих проповедей. Я часто оказывал поддержку братьям и сестрам, когда они переживали упадок и слабость. Иногда члены их семей, которые не верили в Господа, были недружелюбны ко мне, но я оставался терпеливым, не терял веру в Господа и верил, что Господь может их изменить. Поэтому я чувствовал, что сильно изменился с тех пор, как поверил в Господа. Однако с 2011 года я не ощущал работу Святого Духа так же сильно, как раньше. Мало-помалу я прекратил получать новое просвещение для своих проповедей и у меня не было сил освободиться от жизни в грехе. Если мои жена и дочь не делали того, чего я хотел, я не мог сдержать гнев и стремился преподать им урок. Я знал, что это не соответствует воле Господа, но зачастую не мог ничего с собой поделать. Меня это сильно огорчало. Чтобы освободиться от жизни, в которой чередовались грех и покаяние, я стал уделять больше времени чтению Библии, посту и молитве, и повсюду находил духовных пасторов, чтобы вместе искать и исследовать. Но все мои усилия были бесполезны и никак не изменили мою жизнь во грехе и тьму в моей душе.
Однажды вечером весной 2016 года жена спросила меня: «Кристофер, я заметила, что в последнее время ты чем-то обеспокоен. О чем ты думаешь?» Выслушав жену, я рассказал ей, что меня беспокоило: «Я думаю о том, почему последние несколько лет я не могу освободиться от жизни в грехе, несмотря на то, что являюсь пастором и столько лет верю в Господа. Сейчас у меня нет связи с Господом. Как будто Господь оставил меня. Хотя я проповедую повсюду, как только у меня появляется свободное время, особенно поздней ночью, я всегда чувствую некую пустоту и беспокойство, и это чувство становится все сильнее и сильнее. Я думаю о том, как много лет я верил в Господа и как много читал Библию, как часто был полон решимости нести крест и победить самого себя, но я все так же повязан грехами, могу солгать, чтобы защитить свои интересы и лицо, и не живу в соответствии со словами: „И в устах их нет лукавства“ (Откр. 14:5). Хотя я знаю, что у меня есть одобрение Господа, я не могу ничего поделать с тем, что жалуюсь Господу и недопонимаю Его, когда сталкиваюсь с невзгодами и переплавкой, и я совершенно неспособен добровольно отвергнуть себя. Я боюсь, что, когда придет Господь, я не смогу войти в Царство Небесное из-за того, что жил в грехе!»
Услышав это, жена сказала: «Кристофер, как ты можешь так думать? Ты должен верить, ты же пастор! Хотя мы живем в грехе и не освободились от его оков, Библия говорит: „Ибо если устами твоими будешь исповедывать Иисуса Господом и сердцем твоим веровать, что Бог воскресил Его из мертвых, то спасешься“ (Рим. 10:9), а также: „Ибо всякий, кто призовет имя Господне, спасется“ (Рим. 10:13). Пока мы продолжаем читать Библию, встречаться и молиться Господу, нести крест и всегда следовать за Господом до Его второго пришествия, мы сможем войти в Царство Небесное и получить благословение Господа».
Тогда я ответил жене: «Раньше я тоже так думал, но в Послании Петра 1:16 сказано: „Ибо написано: будьте святы, потому что Я свят.“ Я верил в Господа тридцать лет, но я не могу держаться пути Господа и живя во грехе, я все еще часто противлюсь Господу. Я и в малейшей степени не соответствую Господним требованиям. Ох! Сколько раз я решал повиноваться учениям Господа, но не мог практиковать слово Господа. Как я могу быть достойным войти в Царство Небесное при таких обстоятельствах? Господь Иисус сказал: „Не всякий, говорящий Мне: «Господи! Господи!», войдет в Царство Небесное, но исполняющий волю Отца Моего Небесного“ (Мф. 7:21). Согласно словам Господа, войти в Царство Небесное не так просто, как мы думаем. Господь свят, поэтому как люди, которые не могут практиковать слово Господа и которые часто противятся Ему, могут быть восхищены в Царство Небесное? Только те, кто изменился и исполняет Божью волю, могут войти в Царство Небесное!»
...
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Scalptz: Unorthodox - Scalpz UNITS v2.2
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Base Pelo: Unorthodox Scalpz- - Tali Hairbase (Gift)
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Pendientes: *PKC* - -RH- Motion - LeL EVO X Heartbreaker - Kinky Event
Tienda: maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Champ/59/69/15
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Ojos: S H I M M - Lelutka Eyes Applier ~ BOM / CCXLII - Fetish Fair
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ONE OF THE WAY TO TRAIN THE "THE AWARENESS MUSCLE
is the critical run
and other emergency art format
CRITICAL RUN / Debate Format
Critical Run is an Art Format created by Thierry Geoffroy/Colonel
debate while running .
Debate and Run together,Now,before it is too late.
www.emergencyroomscanvas todo .org/criticalrun.html
The Art Format Critical Run has been activated in 30 differents countries with 120 different burning debates
New York,Cairo,London,Istanbul,Athens,Hanoi,Paris,Munich,Amsterdam Siberia,Copenhagen,Johanesburg,Moskow,Napoli,Sydney,
Wroclaw,Bruxelles,Rotterdam,Barcelona,Venice,Virginia,Stockholm,Århus,Kassel,Lyon,Trondheim, Berlin ,Toronto,Hannover ...
CRITICAL RUN happened on invitation from institution like Moma/PS1, Moderna Muset Stockholm ,Witte de With Rotterdam,ZKM Karlsruhe,Liverpool Biennale;Sprengel Museum etc..or have just happened on the spot because
a debate was necessary here and now.
In 2020 the Energy Room was an installation of 40 Critical Run at Museum Villa Stuck /Munich
part of Colonel solo show : The Awareness Muscle Training Center
----
Interesting publication for researches on running and art
www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html
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------------about Venice Biennale history from wikipedia ---------
curators previous
* 1948 – Rodolfo Pallucchini
* 1966 – Gian Alberto Dell'Acqua
* 1968 – Maurizio Calvesi and Guido Ballo
* 1970 – Umbro Apollonio
* 1972 – Mario Penelope
* 1974 – Vittorio Gregotti
* 1978 – Luigi Scarpa
* 1980 – Luigi Carluccio
* 1982 – Sisto Dalla Palma
* 1984 – Maurizio Calvesi
* 1986 – Maurizio Calvesi
* 1988 – Giovanni Carandente
* 1990 – Giovanni Carandente
* 1993 – Achille Bonito Oliva
* 1995 – Jean Clair
* 1997 – Germano Celant
* 1999 – Harald Szeemann
* 2001 – Harald Szeemann
* 2003 – Francesco Bonami
* 2005 – María de Corral and Rosa Martinez
* 2007 – Robert Storr
* 2009 – Daniel Birnbaum
* 2011 – Bice Curiger
* 2013 – Massimiliano Gioni
* 2015 – Okwui Enwezor
* 2017 – Christine Macel[19]
* 2019 – Ralph Rugoff[20]
----------
#art #artist #artistic #artists #arte #artwork
Pavilion at the Venice Biennale #artcontemporain contemporary art Giardini arsenal
venice Veneziako VenecijaVenècia Venedig Venetië Veneetsia Venetsia Venise Venecia VenedigΒενετία( Venetía Hungarian Velence Feneyjar Venice Venezia Venēcija Venezja Venezia Wenecja Veneza VenețiaVenetsiya BenátkyBenetke Venecia Fenisוועניס Վենետիկ ভেনি স威尼斯 (wēinísī) 威尼斯 ვენეციისવે નિસवेनिसヴェネツィアವೆನಿಸ್베니스வெனிஸ்వెనిస్เวนิซوینس Venetsiya
art umjetnost umění kunst taide τέχνη művészetList ealaín arte māksla menasarti Kunst sztuka artă umenie umetnost konstcelfקונסטարվեստincəsənətশিল্প艺术(yìshù)藝術 (yìshù)ხელოვნებაकलाkos duabアートಕಲೆសិល្បៈ미술(misul)ສິນລະປະകലकलाအတတ်ပညာकलाකලාවகலைఆర్ట్ศิลปะ آرٹsan'atnghệ thuậtفن (fan)אומנותهنرsanat artist
other Biennale :(Biennials ) :
Venice Biennial , Documenta Havana Biennial,Istanbul Biennial ( Istanbuli),Biennale de Lyon ,Dak'Art Berlin Biennial,Mercosul Visual Arts Biennial ,Bienal do Mercosul Porto Alegre.,Berlin Biennial ,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial .Yokohama Triennial Aichi Triennale,manifesta ,Copenhagen Biennale,Aichi Triennale .Yokohama Triennial,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial.Sharjah Biennial ,Biennale of Sydney, Liverpool , São Paulo Biennial ; Athens Biennale , Bienal do Mercosul ,Göteborg International Biennial for Contemporary Art ,DOCUMENTA KASSEL ATHENS
* Dakar
kritik [edit] kritikaria kritičar crític kritiker criticus kriitik kriitikko critique crítico Kritiker κριτικός(kritikós) kritikus Gagnrýnandi léirmheastóir critico kritiķis kritikas kritiku krytyk crítico critic crítico krytyk beirniad קריטיקער
Basque Veneziako Venecija [edit] Catalan Venècia Venedig Venetië Veneetsia Venetsia Venise Venecia Venedig Βενετία(Venetía) Hungarian Velence Feneyjar Venice Venezia Latvian Venēcija Venezja Venezia Wenecja Portuguese Veneza Veneția Venetsiya Benátky Benetke Venecia Fenis וועניס Վենետիկ ভেনিস 威尼斯 (wēinísī) 威尼斯 Georgian ვენეციის વેનિસ वेनिस ヴェネツィア ವೆನಿಸ್ 베니스 வெனிஸ் వెనిస్ เวนิซ وینس Venetsiya
Thierry Geoffroy / Colonel
#thierrygeoffroy #geoffroycolonel #thierrygeoffroycololonel #lecolonel #biennalist
#artformat #formatart
#emergencyart #urgencyart #urgentart #artofthenow #nowart
emergency art emergency art urgency artist de garde vagt alarm emergency room necessityart artistrole exigencyart predicament prediction pressureart
#InstitutionalCritique
#venicebiennale #venicebiennale2017 #venicebiennale2015
#venicebiennale2019
#venice #biennale #venicebiennale #venezia #italy
#venezia #venice #veniceitaly #venicebiennale
#pastlife #memory #venicebiennale #venice #Venezia #italy #hotelveniceitalia #artexhibit #artshow #internationalart #contemporaryart #themundane #summerday
#biennalevenice
Institutional Critique
Identity Politics Post-War Consumerism, Engagement with Mass Media, Performance Art, The Body, Film/Video, Political, Collage, , Cultural Commentary, Self as Subject, Color Photography, Related to Fashion, Digital Culture, Photography, Human Figure, Technology
Racial and Ethnic Identity, Neo-Conceptualism, Diaristic
Contemporary Re-creations, Popular Culture, Appropriation, Contemporary Sculpture,
Culture, Collective History, Group of Portraits, Photographic Source
, Endurance Art, Film/Video,, Conceptual Art and Contemporary Conceptualism, Color Photography, Human Figure, Cultural Commentary
War and Military, Political Figures, Social Action, Racial and Ethnic Identity, Conflict
Personal Histories, Alter Egos and Avatars
Use of Common Materials, Found Objects, Related to Literature, Installation, Mixed-Media, Engagement with Mass Media, Collage,, Outdoor Art, Work on Paper, Text
Appropriation (art) Art intervention Classificatory disputes about art Conceptual art Environmental sculpture Found object Interactive art Modern art Neo-conceptual art Performance art Sound art Sound installation Street installations Video installation Conceptual art Art movements Postmodern art Contemporary art Art media Aesthetics Conceptualism
Post-conceptualism Anti-anti-art Body art Conceptual architecture Contemporary art Experiments in Art and Technology Found object Happening Fluxus Information art Installation art Intermedia Land art Modern art Neo-conceptual art Net art Postmodern art Generative Art Street installation Systems art Video art Visual arts ART/MEDIA conceptual artis
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CRITICAL RUN is an art format developed by Thierry Geoffroy / COLONEL, It follows the spirit of ULTRACONTEMPORARY and EMERGENCY ART as well as aims to train the AWARENESS MUSCLE.
Critical Run has been activated on invitation from institutions such as Moderna Muset Stockholm, Moma PS1 ,Witte de With Rotterdam, ZKM Karlsruhe, Liverpool Biennale, Manifesta Biennial ,Sprengel Museum,Venice Biennale but have also just happened on the spot because a debate was necessary here and now.
It has been activated in Beijing, Cairo, London, Istanbul, Athens, Kassel, Sao Paolo, Hanoi, Istanbul, Paris, Copenhagen, Moskow, Napoli, Sydney, Wroclaw, Bruxelles, Rotterdam, Siberia, Karlsruhe, Barcelona, Aalborg, Venice, Virginia, Stockholm, Aarhus, Rio de Janeiro, Budapest, Washington, Lyon, Caracas, Trondheim, Berlin, Toronto, Hannover, Haage, Newtown, Cartagena, Tallinn, Herning, Roskilde;Mannheim ;Munich etc...
The run debates are about emergency topics like Climate Change , Xenophobia , Wars , Hyppocrisie , Apathy ,etc ...
Participants have been very various from Sweddish art critics , German police , American climate activist , Chinese Gallerists , Brasilian students , etc ...
Critical Run is an art format , like Emergency Room or Biennalist and is part of Emergency Art ULTRACONTEMPORARY and AWARENESS MUSCLE .
www.emergencyrooms.org/criticalrun.html
www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html
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In 2020 a large exhibition will show 40 of the Critical Run at the Museum Villa Stuck in Munich / part of the Awareness Muscle Training Center
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for activating the format or for inviting the installation
please contact 1@colonel.dk
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critical,run,art,format,debate ,artformat,formatart,moment,clarity,emergency,kunst,
Sport,effort,curator,artist,urgency,urgence,criticalrun,emergencies,ultracontemporary
,rundebate,sport,art,activism, critic,laufen,Thierry Geoffroy , Colonel,kunstformat
,now art,copenhagen,denmark
ONE OF THE WAY TO TRAIN THE "THE AWARENESS MUSCLE
is the critical run
and other emergency art format
CRITICAL RUN / Debate Format
Critical Run is an Art Format created by Thierry Geoffroy/Colonel
debate while running .
Debate and Run together,Now,before it is too late.
www.emergencyroomscanvas todo .org/criticalrun.html
The Art Format Critical Run has been activated in 30 differents countries with 120 different burning debates
New York,Cairo,London,Istanbul,Athens,Hanoi,Paris,Munich,Amsterdam Siberia,Copenhagen,Johanesburg,Moskow,Napoli,Sydney,
Wroclaw,Bruxelles,Rotterdam,Barcelona,Venice,Virginia,Stockholm,Århus,Kassel,Lyon,Trondheim, Berlin ,Toronto,Hannover ...
CRITICAL RUN happened on invitation from institution like Moma/PS1, Moderna Muset Stockholm ,Witte de With Rotterdam,ZKM Karlsruhe,Liverpool Biennale;Sprengel Museum etc..or have just happened on the spot because
a debate was necessary here and now.
In 2020 the Energy Room was an installation of 40 Critical Run at Museum Villa Stuck /Munich
part of Colonel solo show : The Awareness Muscle Training Center
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Interesting publication for researches on running and art
www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html
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------------about Venice Biennale history from wikipedia ---------
curators previous
* 1948 – Rodolfo Pallucchini
* 1966 – Gian Alberto Dell'Acqua
* 1968 – Maurizio Calvesi and Guido Ballo
* 1970 – Umbro Apollonio
* 1972 – Mario Penelope
* 1974 – Vittorio Gregotti
* 1978 – Luigi Scarpa
* 1980 – Luigi Carluccio
* 1982 – Sisto Dalla Palma
* 1984 – Maurizio Calvesi
* 1986 – Maurizio Calvesi
* 1988 – Giovanni Carandente
* 1990 – Giovanni Carandente
* 1993 – Achille Bonito Oliva
* 1995 – Jean Clair
* 1997 – Germano Celant
* 1999 – Harald Szeemann
* 2001 – Harald Szeemann
* 2003 – Francesco Bonami
* 2005 – María de Corral and Rosa Martinez
* 2007 – Robert Storr
* 2009 – Daniel Birnbaum
* 2011 – Bice Curiger
* 2013 – Massimiliano Gioni
* 2015 – Okwui Enwezor
* 2017 – Christine Macel[19]
* 2019 – Ralph Rugoff[20]
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#art #artist #artistic #artists #arte #artwork
Pavilion at the Venice Biennale #artcontemporain contemporary art Giardini arsenal
venice Veneziako VenecijaVenècia Venedig Venetië Veneetsia Venetsia Venise Venecia VenedigΒενετία( Venetía Hungarian Velence Feneyjar Venice Venezia Venēcija Venezja Venezia Wenecja Veneza VenețiaVenetsiya BenátkyBenetke Venecia Fenisוועניס Վենետիկ ভেনি স威尼斯 (wēinísī) 威尼斯 ვენეციისવે નિસवेनिसヴェネツィアವೆನಿಸ್베니스வெனிஸ்వెనిస్เวนิซوینس Venetsiya
art umjetnost umění kunst taide τέχνη művészetList ealaín arte māksla menasarti Kunst sztuka artă umenie umetnost konstcelfקונסטարվեստincəsənətশিল্প艺术(yìshù)藝術 (yìshù)ხელოვნებაकलाkos duabアートಕಲೆសិល្បៈ미술(misul)ສິນລະປະകലकलाအတတ်ပညာकलाකලාවகலைఆర్ట్ศิลปะ آرٹsan'atnghệ thuậtفن (fan)אומנותهنرsanat artist
other Biennale :(Biennials ) :
Venice Biennial , Documenta Havana Biennial,Istanbul Biennial ( Istanbuli),Biennale de Lyon ,Dak'Art Berlin Biennial,Mercosul Visual Arts Biennial ,Bienal do Mercosul Porto Alegre.,Berlin Biennial ,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial .Yokohama Triennial Aichi Triennale,manifesta ,Copenhagen Biennale,Aichi Triennale .Yokohama Triennial,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial.Sharjah Biennial ,Biennale of Sydney, Liverpool , São Paulo Biennial ; Athens Biennale , Bienal do Mercosul ,Göteborg International Biennial for Contemporary Art ,DOCUMENTA KASSEL ATHENS
* Dakar
kritik [edit] kritikaria kritičar crític kritiker criticus kriitik kriitikko critique crítico Kritiker κριτικός(kritikós) kritikus Gagnrýnandi léirmheastóir critico kritiķis kritikas kritiku krytyk crítico critic crítico krytyk beirniad קריטיקער
Basque Veneziako Venecija [edit] Catalan Venècia Venedig Venetië Veneetsia Venetsia Venise Venecia Venedig Βενετία(Venetía) Hungarian Velence Feneyjar Venice Venezia Latvian Venēcija Venezja Venezia Wenecja Portuguese Veneza Veneția Venetsiya Benátky Benetke Venecia Fenis וועניס Վենետիկ ভেনিস 威尼斯 (wēinísī) 威尼斯 Georgian ვენეციის વેનિસ वेनिस ヴェネツィア ವೆನಿಸ್ 베니스 வெனிஸ் వెనిస్ เวนิซ وینس Venetsiya
Thierry Geoffroy / Colonel
#thierrygeoffroy #geoffroycolonel #thierrygeoffroycololonel #lecolonel #biennalist
#artformat #formatart
#emergencyart #urgencyart #urgentart #artofthenow #nowart
emergency art emergency art urgency artist de garde vagt alarm emergency room necessityart artistrole exigencyart predicament prediction pressureart
#InstitutionalCritique
#venicebiennale #venicebiennale2017 #venicebiennale2015
#venicebiennale2019
#venice #biennale #venicebiennale #venezia #italy
#venezia #venice #veniceitaly #venicebiennale
#pastlife #memory #venicebiennale #venice #Venezia #italy #hotelveniceitalia #artexhibit #artshow #internationalart #contemporaryart #themundane #summerday
#biennalevenice
Institutional Critique
Identity Politics Post-War Consumerism, Engagement with Mass Media, Performance Art, The Body, Film/Video, Political, Collage, , Cultural Commentary, Self as Subject, Color Photography, Related to Fashion, Digital Culture, Photography, Human Figure, Technology
Racial and Ethnic Identity, Neo-Conceptualism, Diaristic
Contemporary Re-creations, Popular Culture, Appropriation, Contemporary Sculpture,
Culture, Collective History, Group of Portraits, Photographic Source
, Endurance Art, Film/Video,, Conceptual Art and Contemporary Conceptualism, Color Photography, Human Figure, Cultural Commentary
War and Military, Political Figures, Social Action, Racial and Ethnic Identity, Conflict
Personal Histories, Alter Egos and Avatars
Use of Common Materials, Found Objects, Related to Literature, Installation, Mixed-Media, Engagement with Mass Media, Collage,, Outdoor Art, Work on Paper, Text
Appropriation (art) Art intervention Classificatory disputes about art Conceptual art Environmental sculpture Found object Interactive art Modern art Neo-conceptual art Performance art Sound art Sound installation Street installations Video installation Conceptual art Art movements Postmodern art Contemporary art Art media Aesthetics Conceptualism
Post-conceptualism Anti-anti-art Body art Conceptual architecture Contemporary art Experiments in Art and Technology Found object Happening Fluxus Information art Installation art Intermedia Land art Modern art Neo-conceptual art Net art Postmodern art Generative Art Street installation Systems art Video art Visual arts ART/MEDIA conceptual artis
—-
CRITICAL RUN is an art format developed by Thierry Geoffroy / COLONEL, It follows the spirit of ULTRACONTEMPORARY and EMERGENCY ART as well as aims to train the AWARENESS MUSCLE.
Critical Run has been activated on invitation from institutions such as Moderna Muset Stockholm, Moma PS1 ,Witte de With Rotterdam, ZKM Karlsruhe, Liverpool Biennale, Manifesta Biennial ,Sprengel Museum,Venice Biennale but have also just happened on the spot because a debate was necessary here and now.
It has been activated in Beijing, Cairo, London, Istanbul, Athens, Kassel, Sao Paolo, Hanoi, Istanbul, Paris, Copenhagen, Moskow, Napoli, Sydney, Wroclaw, Bruxelles, Rotterdam, Siberia, Karlsruhe, Barcelona, Aalborg, Venice, Virginia, Stockholm, Aarhus, Rio de Janeiro, Budapest, Washington, Lyon, Caracas, Trondheim, Berlin, Toronto, Hannover, Haage, Newtown, Cartagena, Tallinn, Herning, Roskilde;Mannheim ;Munich etc...
The run debates are about emergency topics like Climate Change , Xenophobia , Wars , Hyppocrisie , Apathy ,etc ...
Participants have been very various from Sweddish art critics , German police , American climate activist , Chinese Gallerists , Brasilian students , etc ...
Critical Run is an art format , like Emergency Room or Biennalist and is part of Emergency Art ULTRACONTEMPORARY and AWARENESS MUSCLE .
www.emergencyrooms.org/criticalrun.html
www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html
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In 2020 a large exhibition will show 40 of the Critical Run at the Museum Villa Stuck in Munich / part of the Awareness Muscle Training Center
------
for activating the format or for inviting the installation
please contact 1@colonel.dk
-----
critical,run,art,format,debate ,artformat,formatart,moment,clarity,emergency,kunst,
Sport,effort,curator,artist,urgency,urgence,criticalrun,emergencies,ultracontemporary
,rundebate,sport,art,activism, critic,laufen,Thierry Geoffroy , Colonel,kunstformat
,now art,copenhagen,denmark
Barry McGee "Site-Specific Loft Installation" at the Roberts and Tilton Gallery in L.A.
Project Room
Barry McGee (TWIST)
Site-Specific Loft Installation (click to see a lot more photos from the installation)
"Running concurrently with the group exhibition Do Not Stack, McGee takes over the project space, transforming the room’s physical relationship with the visitor into an interactive viewing. A distinctive cluster of McGee’s various paintings, works on paper and urban objects can be accessed by ascending through the floor of the utilitarian structure to the lofted space above."
Barry McGee "Site-Specific Loft Installation" at the Roberts and Tilton Gallery in L.A.
I spoke with the director of the gallery. He said that the gallery offered this 10' x 10' room to Barry McGee to do something with it. He said they got to talking and then Barry asked, "Can I build a loft?" And they did. A real interesting space. Well worth a visit in my opinion.
Lori Deiter and I made it to RGSP just after 8am...
We hiked from the Lake Rose parking lot down the Highland Trail, onto Glen Leigh, stopped at Waters Meet, continued on Ganoga Glen and back to the Lake Rose parking lot. Made it back to her vehicle around 1pm
Glen Leigh water flow is quite low, but Ganoga Glen seems to have a little bit more.
Check out my blog post about this adventure, here:
rickettsglen.wordpress.com/2014/09/09/august-22nd-2014/
Ricketts Glen State Park
Fairmount Township, Pennsylvania
Friday, August 22nd, 2014
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www.cedarwave.com/fleet/MV-Lotus.php
LOTUS is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. She is 92 feet long with a beam 18 feet and a draft 5.5 feet. She displaces 102 tons. She was designed by naval architects Lee and Brinton, and built in the Sloan Yard, Seattle , Washington. LOTUS was launched in May, 1909.
Built to cruise the Inside Passage of the Pacific Northwest, LOTUS was built for Maurice McMicken, attorney, legal counsel to the legislature of the State of Washington, publisher of the Seattle Post Intelligencer Newspaper, sportsman and civil leader. He cruised her extensively in the waters of the Inland Passage between Olympia WA, through British Columbia and as far north as Alaska.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_(motor_vessel)
www.olsonengr.com/download/globios/mcmickenmauricebio.pdf
"LOTUS features a strongly Edwardian design ethic, with the chandeliers, claw-foot tubs, mahogany inlays, and exposed beams of the same sort found in homes built in that era. Her interior has been remarkably preserved, with nearly all the original wood and fixtures from the main cabin forward. The galley has been modified to enclose the once-open engine room space, and to accommodate modern appliances and fixtures. Above, in the pilothouse and on the upper deck, wonderful 360-degree views are afforded from beneath an awning extending the length of the deck."
el.kingdomsalvation.org/gospel/God-s-incarnation-6.html
Σχετικά λόγια του Θεού:
« Η σωτηρία του ανθρώπου από τον Θεό δεν επιτελείται απευθείας μέσω του Πνεύματος ή ως Πνεύμα, διότι το Πνεύμα Του δεν μπορεί ούτε να το αγγίξει ούτε να το δει ο άνθρωπος και δεν μπορεί να το προσεγγίσει ο άνθρωπος. Αν προσπαθούσε να σώσει τον άνθρωπο άμεσα μέσω του Πνεύματος, ο άνθρωπος δεν θα ήταν σε θέση να λάβει τη σωτηρία Του. Και αν δεν ήταν ο Θεός που ενδύθηκε την εξωτερική μορφή ενός δημιουργημένου ανθρώπου, δεν θα ήταν σε θέση να λάβει αυτή τη σωτηρία. Γιατί ο άνθρωπος δεν μπορεί με κανέναν τρόπο να τον πλησιάσει, όπως όταν δεν μπορούσε κανείς να πλησιάσει το σύννεφο του Ιεχωβά. Μόνο μέσω της ενσάρκωσής Tου σε δημιουργημένο άνθρωπο, δηλαδή, μόνο θέτοντας την οδό Του στη σάρκα που θα γίνει,θα μπορεί προσωπικά να εμφυσήσει την οδό σε όλους όσους Τον ακολουθούν. Μόνο τότε ο άνθρωπος θα μπορέσει να ακούσει ο ίδιος την οδό Του, να δει την οδό Του και να λάβει την οδό Του, τότε μέσω αυτού θα σωθεί πλήρως. Εάν ο Θεός δεν ενσαρκωνόταν, κανένας θνητός δεν θα λάμβανε τόσο μεγάλη σωτηρία, και δεν θα σωζόταν ούτε ένας άνθρωπος. Εάν το Πνεύμα του Θεού εργαζόταν απευθείας μεταξύ των ανθρώπων, ο άνθρωπος θα πλήττονταν ή θα παρασυρόταν πλήρως και θα φυλακιζόταν από τον Σατανά, γιατί ο άνθρωπος δεν είναι σε θέση να συγχρωτιστεί με τον Θεό. Η πρώτη ενσάρκωση έγινε για να λυτρώσει τον άνθρωπο από την αμαρτία μέσω της σάρκας του Ιησού, δηλαδή, Αυτός έσωσε τον άνθρωπο από τον σταυρό, αλλά η διεφθαρμένη σατανική διάθεση παρέμενε ακόμα μέσα στον άνθρωπο. Η δεύτερη ενσάρκωση δεν πρέπει πλέον να χρησιμεύει ως προσφορά περί αμαρτίας, αλλά για να σώζει πλήρως όσους λυτρώθηκαν από την αμαρτία. Αυτό γίνεται έτσι ώστε όσοι συγχωρούνται να μπορούν να απελευθερωθούν από τις αμαρτίες τους και να εξαγνιστούν πλήρως και να επιτύχουν αλλαγή της διάθεσής τους, σπάζοντας έτσι τα δεσμά της επιρροής του σκότους του Σατανά και επιστρέφοντας ενώπιον του θρόνου του Θεού. Μόνο κατ’ αυτόν τον τρόπο μπορεί ο άνθρωπος να αγιοποιηθεί πλήρως. »
από «Το μυστήριο της ενσάρκωσης (4)» στο βιβλίο «Ο Λόγος Ενσαρκώνεται»
Πηγή εικόνας: Εκκλησία του Παντοδύναμου Θεού
Όροι Χρήσης： el.kingdomsalvation.org/disclaimer.html
✰ Credit ✰
.: CORAZON:. - Tattoo ADA - Fetish Fair
:: pm :: - Shades Outfit - Fetish Fair
NEW ATTITUDE
● Tumblr
● Flickr
You've gotta see it LARGE on black!
Captured with a Canon EOS 30D and a Canon EF-S 17-55mm f/2.8 IS USM lens.
Location: Tanner Bridge Road, Jefferson City, Missouri
This was a planned HDR scene I captured about a year ago. I've been spending a lot of time with Photoshop CS4 and ACR 5 lately and thought about re-working this piece and I'm glad I did. I have a tutorial about how I created the original HDR image here; however, after using my new process, I need to update the steps.
In short, I used to simply load my Canon 30D RAW files directly into Photomatix, tone map, then save as 16bit tiff. Then load the 16bit tiff into Photoshop to do further enhancing such as noise removal.
Now I process each RAW in ACR 5, apply Noiseware Pro NR and save each frame as a 16bit tiff, then I open each tiff with Photomatix, merge, tone map, save again as 16bit tiff, open in Photoshop, apply default Noiseware Pro NR, USM (radius 1.1, amt: 40%), then save as 8bit jpg, which is what you see above. This rendition is far better than my first version (much cleaner, sharper, and the tonal depth is better too).
Fui convidada pela linda Prii para fazer uma participação no Blog dela, gente! Quanta honra!
www.blogohmy.com/2013/08/friozinho-na-barriga.html#disqus...
As I watched Joe Biden’s and Kamala Harris’ memorial service at the Lincoln Memorial for the over 400,000 Americans who have died of COVID-19, I was overwhelmed. I hadn’t felt this sense of humanity in four years, and I didn’t know how to process it. My body had forgotten what it felt like. It suddenly occurred to me, Donald Trump’s depravity and lack of empathy had held me hostage during his presidency. And, like those held against their own will by terrorists or bank robbers, now that it’s over, it will take time to adjust—to get back to any semblance of well-being and trust. That feeling of “fight or flight” and the level of cortisol in my body will not go away immediately. It is going to take me time to heal.
But the new year has brought little relief so far. There are people who don’t think I—we were ever held hostage. Georgia’s Republican Congresswoman and QAnon conspiracy adherent Marjorie Greene has already filed articles of impeachment against President Biden for misusing his power as Vice President when his son, Hunter Biden, served on a Ukrainian energy company’s board. She’s the representative who wears facemasks that say “Trump Won” and “Stop the Steal.” And, even though former President Trump has left Washington, she continues to peddle his lies. Millions of Americans still believe he won the election. Despite the facts, MAGA is still alive.
Before his term ended, the House voted to impeach Trump for the second time for inciting the insurrection at the Capitol that killed five people, including a Capitol Police officer. Every Democrat representative plus a record ten Republicans voted to impeach him. But, suddenly, the GOP is talking “unity” as a way to ignore his actions. They have appropriated the word President Biden has used as a building block for his new administration and reframed its meaning. Biden is searching for enough common ground to pass legislation that will end the pandemic, ease people’s economic struggles, deal with climate change, and repair America’s international policies. He has no illusions we will all be singing https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KumbayaKumbaya.
Republicans are using the word to sidestep the transgressions of last four years and their role in perpetuating them. Texas Senator Ted Cruz said an impeachment trial after Trump has left office is “vindictive” and “punitive.” “We’re in the middle of twin crises,” he stated, “a global pandemic and an economic crisis with millions of people out of work. But, instead of focusing on those jobs, the Congressional Democrats seem obsessed with their hatred for Donald Trump.” Cruz speaks as if he’s always believed in the primacy of Americans’ welfare.
Both Cruz and Missouri Senator Josh Hawley voted to reject the lawful Electoral College tallies hours after the insurrection. Many of Cruz’s former aides were “disgusted” by his actions. Amanda Carpenter, who worked for the Senator, said, “she could have never envisioned that the political career of a legal scholar with a reverence for the Constitution would ‘culminate in a stand to potentially cancel votes in a way that defied any standards of federalism and constitutionalism.’”
Senator Hawley gave a fist pump in support to rioters as he walked the grounds of the Capitol that day. After his actions, his hometown newspaper called him on his behavior. The Kansas City Star stated in an editorial, “No one other than President Donald Trump himself is more responsible for Wednesday’s coup attempt at the U.S. Capitol than one Joshua David Hawley, the 41-year-old junior senator from Missouri, who put out a fundraising appeal while the siege was underway.” Hawley’s mentor, former Republican Senator John Danforth, said, “I thought he was special. And I did my best to encourage people to support him both for attorney general and later the U.S. Senate and it was the biggest mistake I’ve ever made in my life.” By ignoring his actions, Republicans become complicit in them.
Both Cruz and Hawley want to run for president in 2024. And both are drooling over at the 70+ million voters who cast their ballots for Trump last November. By supporting Trump’s “stolen election” lie and by supporting his call to storm the Capitol, they have put their interests ahead of the country’s. Worse, they have supported an insurrection against the Constitution they have sworn to uphold. This is sedition, not unity.
Trump has needed enablers like Cruz and Hawley. They and other GOP leaders are the choirboys and choirgirls spreading his gospel of nativism, White supremacy, and economic good fortune for the rich. They perpetuate his lies and alternate truths. Or worse, they look the other way. In doing so, they are just as responsible for over 400,000 Americans lost to COVID and the millions who have lost their jobs and their businesses. And now, with both the executive and legislative branches in the Democrats’ hands, all of a sudden, they’re talking unity? It’s an empty attempt to avoid their responsibilities to the American people.
Every false prophet has their supplicants to sing their praises. This isn’t about the crucifixion of Donald Trump. This is about his deification. He’s no god and doesn’t deserve the perks. He denounced the science of the pandemic, and Americans have died because of it. His lies incited others to storm the Capitol. And people died because of it. So before we can contemplate unity, those who supported these mistruths must take responsibility and be held accountable for their actions.
Ephesians 4:25 says, “Therefore each of you must put off falsehood and speak truthfully to your neighbor, for we are all members of one body.” Privately, many Republican legislators abhor Trump’s presidency and what he stood for. If the Senate vote to convict him was private, they would find Trump guilty. But since the vote is public, no Republican has the fortitude to speak up. Some, like Cruz and Hawley, are in it for themselves. Others, like Greene, are conspiracy addicts. And some fear for their safety and the safety of their families. Continuing this charade will hurt all conservatives and destroy the Constitutional thread that binds us as a people.
For more than a decade, honest and fruitful debate in Congress has been impossible. If we really want unity, then stop the destructive partisan rhetoric and let’s begin this administration as members of one American body. I’m pissed the new year still feels like 2020. Donald Trump may no longer be president, but he still has his hands on the bully pulpit. I’m tired of being held hostage by him and the likes of Cruz, Hawley, and Greene (and let’s not forget Mitch McConnell). It’s all about power and control. And none of it is about the welfare of Americans. Trumpism has become a systemic problem. Lies built upon lies left uncontested by the party of Lincoln. Like unity, ending MAGA distrust and conspiracy theories will be a long process. Republicans, you have the power to do it. You just don’t have the courage.
Feel free to pass this poster on. It's free to download here (click on the down arrow just to the lower right of the image).
See the rest of the posters from the Chamomile Tea Party! Digital high res downloads are free here (click the down arrow on the lower right side of the image). Other options are available. And join our Facebook group.
Follow the history of our country's political intransigence from 2010-2020 through a seven-part exhibit of these posters on Google Arts & Culture.
June 8, 2019 - Loomis Nebraska
Prints Available...Click Here
All Images are also available for...
stock photography & non exclusive licensing...
Watch the Storm Chasing Video from that day's Chase on Flickr Click Here
No tornadoes on this day's chase, but some incredible supercell structure out on the plains of Nebraska.
We started the day with a supercell that had several meso structures being reported from radar. This storm was tracking slowly about 12 knots cresting from the northwest to southeast. Classic June storm structure for this time of year in Nebraska. Northwest of North Platte Nebraska it had reported wall cloud and we definitely wanted a piece of this action.
We arrived as it was gaining strength as it has pushed through Maxwell Nebraska. We stopped in Brady, just to the southeast via I-80 corridor to get the bugs off of the windshield and as the storm was gaining strength. We had stopped just a few miles to the south of Brady we set up shop to catch this storm. Nice clear beautiful structure accompanied the underbelly of this supercell. Though we had a clear cut defined wall cloud this storm never did show us her tornadic teeth.
After about an hour on this storm in the same position (rare for us to do this) we eventually had to back off and get back to the east. We had to get south of Gothenburg just a few miles off the I-80 exit area for the next structured shot of this supercell. Oh we got just what we were looking for! Phenomenal base rotation!
Eventually we had backed off again as the hail core was approaching. Plus this cell was loosing its steam. We moved back to the I-80 corridor then south of Cozad Nebraska and this cell was in redevelopment mode and we had some waiting to do. Though not a long wait as this original cell fizzled out but we had one more chance for good structure south of Overten Nebraska. We headed to Loomis Nebraska for another treat to end the day. Oh did I say treat? We got a whole bunch more eye candy than expected.
Just to the east of Loomis Nebraska we encountered some incredible supercell structure. This storm wasn't going to be shy, and she eventually showed us some teeth.
Personal Note: For some odd reason I didn't clear my memory card on my last chase, and I ran out of room on my SD Card. I had to stop shooting after the wall cloud was right over my location my Loomis Nebraska. I didn't have time to pull out my spare card and load it due to the strength and this fast moving cell. This storm cell became outflow dominate and man do I mean dominate. We got caught in the outflow boundary several times with tons of gustnadoes and almost haboobish. I did have my trusty camera with me... I was in the drivers seat so when we had a chance, I did capture some incredible pics that blew me away literally. Either I'll make another short video to proceed this one or you'll have to wait till I get them posted on my Flickr site flickr.com/nebraskasc.
All in all. I'm not always about catching the tornado. I had some good friends and fellow storm chasers along side that day. In my opinion... just another EPIC chase day in Nebraska!!! Woot Woot. More to come!
*** Please NOTE and RESPECT the Copyright ***
Copyright 2019
Dale Kaminski @ NebraskaSC Photography
All Rights Reserved
This image may not be copied, reproduced, published or distributed in any medium without the expressed written permission of the copyright holder.
#ForeverChasing
#NebraskaSC
Check out the new dress on my eBay shop :) www.ebay.com/sch/eifeldolldress/m.html?item=261672350654&...
Pfeffingen (Burg), 5. März 2025
Rote-Liste-Kategorie D: Gefährdet
Aktuelle Bestandssituation: sehr selten
Langfristiger Bestandstrend: gleich bleibend
IUCN status: Least concern
by Alan Parker Photos
Paris by night
#
I wish I was there
j'aimerais être là
ich wünschte ich wäre dort
Хотел бы я быть там
Vorrei essere lì
Me gustaría estar allí
#
Suzuki Ignis 2020 1.2 Smart Hybrid Technische Daten
(2020 - ) - Jahre 2020, 2021, 2022...
Leistungsgewicht : 10.1 kg/hp
Fuel System :
Multipoint Injection *
16V
Verbrauch - Verbrauch nach WLTP sehr schnell:
6 L/100km
#
Verbrauch - Verbrauch nach WLTP langsam:
5.1 L/100km
Verbrauch - Verbrauch nach WLTP
kombiniert:
5.1 L/100km
Bauart : 16 Ventile
Turbo : Nein
Verdichtung : 13.0 zu 1
de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verdichtungsverh%C3%A4ltnis
Das Verdichtungsverhältnis wurde im Laufe der Entwicklung von Verbrennungsmotoren immer weiter gesteigert.
Die allmähliche Steigerung der Verdichtung lag lange vor allem an der Kraftstoffrezeptur.
Heute sind Oktanzahlen bis 102 ROZ an der Tankstelle verfügbar.
Ältere Motoren haben tendenziell niedrigere Anforderungen an die Kraftstoffqualität, da die Kraftstoffqualität noch nicht so hoch war, als sie entwickelt wurden.
Auch die Gestalt des Brennraums und des Ansaugtrakts trägt zum Oktanzahlbedarf bei.
#
Multipoint Injection *
16V :
*Eine Bedingung für heutige hohe Verdichtungsverhältnisse ist die Direkteinspritzung und die Verwendung von Klopfsensoren.
Der Zeitpunkt und die Menge der Treibstoffzugabe wird hier exakt gesteuert, womit eine vorzeitige Zündung – und somit ein Klopfen – verhindert werden kann.
Moderne Motoren haben Klopfsensoren, die aufkommendes Klopfen erkennen. Sie können den Zündzeitpunkt an die Benzinqualität und an die Motoreigenschaften anpassen.
Bei höherem Verdichtungsverhältnis (genauer: Expansionsverhältnis) ist auch der thermische Wirkungsgrad höher.
ROZ 91 Normal Benzin
ROZ 95 - ROZ 100 - ROZ 102
de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktanzahl#ROZ
wirkt sich erst bei Vollgas (Volllast) positiv aus!
Beispiel würde eine Oktanzahl von ROZ = 95 (umgangssprachlich: 95 Oktan) eines Benzins bedeuten, dass dessen Klopffestigkeit einem Gemisch aus 95 Vol.-% Iso-oktan und 5 Vol.-% n-Heptan entspricht.
Iso-oktan ist klopffest und kann stark verdichtet werden, ohne dass es zur Selbstzündung kommt.
Beispielsweise kann der Oktanzahlbedarf eines Motors
bei Vollgas um 10 Oktanzahlen höher
liegen als im Leerlauf.
Man kann hier auch von einem Volllastbereich sprechen, vergleichbar mit einer sehr schnellen Autobahnfahrt.
Die Verwendung von oberhalb der Motorspezifikation liegenden Oktanzahlen bringt im Regelfall keine Vorteile.
Moderne Motoren mit elektronischer Kennfeldzündung
in Kombination mit Klopfsensoren können mit verschiedenen Oktanzahlen bei reduzierter Leistung gefahren werden.
#
SUZUKI Motorleistung : Powertrain optimiert by Toyota
Ergibt:
Moderne Motoren mit elektronischer Kennfeldzündung
83 PS or 82 bhp or 61 kW @ 6000 rpm
Drehmoment :
107 Nm or 78 lb.ft @ 2800 rpm
Höherwertiges Benzin erhöht das Drehmoment signifikant.
SYSTEM LEISTUNG
Im kurzzeitigen E-Boost-Modus leistet das Suziki Ignis Topmodell 85 PS bei 142 Nm.
2020-er Modelle:
53 mpg: 5,33 l Verbrauch.
10 % better.
But much more expensive.
Leistungssteigerung durch Mild Hybrid
leistungsfähigerer Akku (Lithium Batterie), 3-fach stärker
plus verbesserter E-Boost: Fahrpedal-Kickdown
um mehr Leistung zu fordern.
"Performance"
Das Hybrid-System von Suzuki besteht aus zwei Komponenten: dem integrierten Startgenerator (ISG) und einer extrem effizienten 12-Volt Lithium-Ionen-Batterie. Beim Anfahren und Beschleunigen versorgt der ISG den Benzinmotor mit Energie aus der angeschlossenen Batterie.
Fazit Hybrid:
nichts vom Fahrspaß geht verloren, ist aber sparsamer geworden.
E-Boost wirkt nur zwischen etwa 2000 bis 3.900 Umdrehungen !!
Beim Mild-Hybrid unterstützt der Elektromotor in nahezu allen Fahrsituationen die Verbrennungsmaschine, so z.B. beim Starten, Anfahren, Beschleunigen.
10 Ah - hilft 3 bis 4 km bergauf
der Verbrauch bleibt fast auf Niveau wie zuvor
(plus 0,2 l / 100km mehr)
entspricht 3.2 hp
35 Nm
peak at
50 Nm
Lithium Batterie rekuperiert sehr schnell.
Drivetrain Architecture
The Internal combustion engine (ICE) and electric motor drive the front wheels of the car with the ability to work only in mixed mode.
2020 Suzuki Ignis II (facelift 2020) 1.2 Dualjet (83 Hp)
MHEV | Technical specs, data, fuel consumption, Dimensions: www.auto-data.net/en/suzuki-ignis-ii-facelift-2020-1.2-du...
Bergab geht es sehr schnell.
Der Ladestrom ist
sicher sehr hoch.
Mild-Hybrid-System
Electric motor Torque 50 Nm @ 100 rpm.
36.88 lb.-ft. @ 100 rpm.
Weight-to-power ratio 9.8 kg/Hp, 102.2 Hp/tonne
Weight-to-torque ratio 7.5 kg/Nm, 132.6 Nm/tonne
2020 Suzuki Ignis II (facelift 2020) 1.2 (91 Hp) MHEV 4WD CVT | Technical specs, data, fuel consumption, Dimensions: www.auto-data.net/en/suzuki-ignis-ii-facelift-2020-1.2-91...
Mehrpreis: 1.160 Euro - 1.500 € beim Vorgänger Modell
für eine weitaus schwächere Leistung (30%)
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1222,1223,1224,1225,1226,1227,1228,1229,1230,1231,1232,1233,1234,1235,1236,1237,1238,1239,1240,1241,1242,1243,1244,1245,1246,1247,1248,1249,1250,1251,1252,1253,1254,1255,1256,1257,1258,1259,1260,1261,1262,1263,1264,1265,1266,1267,1268,1269,1270,1271,1272,1273,1274,1275,1276,1277,1278,1279,1280,1281,1282,1283,1284,1285,1286,1287,1288,1289,1290,1291,1292,1293,1294,1295,1296,1297,1298,1299,1300,1301,1302,1303,1304,1305,1306,1307,1308,1309,1310,1311,1312,1313,1314,1315,1316,1317,1318,1319,1320,1321,1322,1323,1324,1325,1326,1327,1328,1329,1330,1331,1332,1333,1334,1335,1336,1337,1338,1339,1340,1341,1342,1343,1344,1345,1346,1347,1348,1349,1350,1351,1352,1353,1354,1355,1356,1357,1358,1359,1360,1361,1362,1363,1364,1365,1366,1367,1368,1369,1370,1371,1372,1373,1374,1375,1376,1377,1378,1379,1380,1381,1382,1383,1384,1385,1386,1387,1388,1389,1390,1391,1392,1393,1394,1395,1396,1397,1398,1399,1400,1401,1402,1403,1404,1405,1406,1407,1408,1409,1410,1411,1412,1413,1414,1415,1416,1417,1418,1419,1420,1421,1422,1423,1424,1425,1426,1427,1428,1429,1430,1431,1432,1433,1434,1435,1436,1437,1438,1439,1440,1441,1442,1443,1444,1445,1446,1447,1448,1449,1450,1451,1452,1453,1454,1455,1456,1457,1458,1459,1460,1461,1462,1463,1464,1465,1466,1467,1468,1469,1470,1471,1472,1473,1474,1475,1476,1477,1478,1479,1480,1481,1482,1483,1484,1485,1486,1487,1488,1489,1490,1491,1492,1493,1494,1495,1496,1497,1498,1499,1500,1501,1502,1503,1504,1505,1506,1507,1508,1509,1510,1511,1512,1513,1514,1515,1516,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1522,1523,1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024,2025,2026,2027,2028,2029,2030,2031,2032,2033,2034,2035,2036,2037,2038,2039,2040,2041,2042,2043,2044,2045,2046,2047,2048,2049,2050,2051,2052,2053,2054,2055,2056,2057,2058,2059,2060,2061,2062,2063,2064,2065,2066,2067,2068,2069,2070,2071,2072,2073,2074,2075,2076,2077,2078,2079,2080,2081,2082,2083,2084,2085,2086,2087,2088,2089,2090,2091,2092,2093,2094,2095,2096,2097,2098,2099,2100,2101, 2002,2020, 2021, 2022,
please check out this site:
www.michaelheart.com/Song_for_Gaza.html
UPDATE>>>UPDATE>>>UPDATE
:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
+1300 Palestinians murdered by Israel in Gaza
(most are children &women)
+5300 injured with critical situations (48% children)
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Israel rejected the UN resolution for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza:
english.aljazeera.net/news/americas/2009/01/2009191340884...
Video: Gaza medics' lives at risk:
english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2009/01/20091820561...
Israel 'shelled civilian shelter' :
news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7819492.stm
where is the world of freedom and humanity !!!???
27/12/2008:
Israeli F-16 bombers have pounded key targets across the Gaza Strip, killing at least 225 people
news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7800985.stm
Please know this fact for sure:
in all the human history, every time there was an occupation, there was resistance.
as long as Palestinians lands are occupied and blood showers continue
resistance will last till the last man, woman, or child.
freedom is not cheap right!?
remember the french resistance against Nazis for example!
do you remember the Russian casualties in WW2 ?
Palestinians wont give up, if you are fair support their right of living in dignity
under the shadow of freedom away from killing everyday...
!!! OCCUPATION MUST END !!!
I give up my rights upon posting this photo...
you are free to use it in any way and welcomed to post it in your photostream
to declare an attitude.
29/12/2008:
+350 killed including women and children
+1650 wounded including dangerous situations...
where is the world of freedom and humanity !!!???
31/12/2008:
+390 killed including women and children
+2000 wounded including dangerous situations...
where is the world of freedom and humanity !!!???
God help innocent people in GAZA
St. Hilda’s By The Sea is a small Anglican church in Sechelt. Set among the verdant green trees of the temperate rainforest, it is an eclectic mix of old and new: retired British pensioners polish the altar crystal and set out flowers for Sunday services, presided over by a gay Chinese-Canadian priest. Tai chi mixes with Celtic mysticism in a melange that is somehow stronger than its parts. And isn’t that what community is all about?
From the official website:
Walking the labyrinth is an ancient spiritual act that is being rediscovered during our time.
Usually constructed from circular patterns, labyrinths are based on principles of sacred geometry. Sometimes called “divine imprints”, they are found around the world as sacred patterns that have been passed down through the ages for at least 4,000 years. When a pattern of a certain size is constructed or placed on the ground, it can be used for walking meditations and rituals.
Labyrinths and their geometric cousins (spirals and mandalas) can be found in almost every religious tradition. For example, the Kabbala, or Tree of Life, is found in the Jewish mystical tradition. The Hopi Medicine Wheel, and the Man in the Maze are two forms from the Native American labyrinth traditions. The Cretan labyrinth, the remains of which can be found on the island of Crete, has seven path rings and is the oldest known labyrinth (4,000 or 5.000 years old).
In Europe, the Celts and later the early Christian Celtic Church revered labyrinths and frequently built them in natural settings. Sacred dances would be performed in them to celebrate solar and religious festivals. During the Middle Ages, labyrinths were created in churches and cathedrals throughout France and Northern Italy. These characteristically flat church or pavement labyrinths were inlaid into the floor of the nave of the church.
The Chartres Labyrinth
The labyrinth constructed at St. Hilda’s is an 11-circuit labyrinth. It is a replica of the one embedded in the floor of Chartres Cathedral in France. The design of this labyrinth, and many of the other church labyrinths in Europe, is a reworking of the ancient labyrinth design in which an equal-armed cross is emphasized and surrounded by a web of concentric circles. As with many Christian symbols, this was an adaptation of a symbol; that is known to have predated the Christian faith. This medieval variation is considered a breakthrough in design because it is less linear than the preceding, more formal, Roman design that developed from quadrant to quadrant. The medieval design made one path as long as possible, starting at the outer circumference and leading to the centre. Fraught with twists and turns, the path’s meanderings were considered symbolic representations of the Christian pilgrim’s journey to the Holy City of Jerusalem and of one’s own journey through life. This classical design is sometimes referred to as “the Chartres Labyrinth” due to the location of its best known example. The labyrinth was built at Chartres in the early 13th century (~ 1215 A.D.). No one knows the source of this classical 11-circuit labyrinth design, and much of its spiritual meaning and use has been lost.
The Chartres Labyrinth is located in the west end of the nave, the central body of the cathedral. When you walk in the main doors and look towards the high altar, you see the center of the labyrinth on the floor about 50 feet in front of you. It is approximately 42 feet in diameter and the path is 16 inches wide. At Chartres, the center of the Rose Window mirrors the center of the labyrinth. The cathedral is perfectly proportioned, so that if we put the west wall of the cathedral on hinges and folded it down on the labyrinth, the Rose Window would fit almost perfectly over the labyrinth.
Labyrinth or Maze?
The difference between a labyrinth used for meditation and mazes can be confusing. Mazes often have many entrances, dead-ends and cul-de-sacs that frequently confound the human mind. In contrast, meditation labyrinths offer only one path. By following the one path to the center, the seeker can use the labyrinth to quiet his or her mind and find peace and illumination at the center of his or her being. “As soon as one enters the labyrinth, one realizes that the path of the labyrinth serves as a metaphor for one’s spiritual journey. The walk, and all that happens on it, can be grasped through the intuitive, pattern-discerning faculty of the person walking it. The genius of this tool is that it reflects back to the seeker whatever he or she needs to discover from the perspective of a new level of conscious awareness.”
The Labyrinth is a Universal Meditation Tool
Anyone from any tradition or spiritual path can walk into the labyrinth and, through reflecting in the present moment, can benefit from it. A meditation labyrinth is one of many tools that can be used for spiritual practice. Like any tool, it is best used with a proper, good, intention. A church or temple can be used simply as a refuge from a rainstorm, but it can be so much more with a different intention. The same is true of the labyrinth. The seeker is only asked to put one foot in front of the other. By stepping into the labyrinth, we are choosing once again to walk the contemplative spiritual path. We are agreeing to let ourselves be open to see, to be free to hear, and to becoming real enough to respond. The labyrinth is a prayer path, a crucible of change, a meditation tool, a blueprint where psyche meets soul.
The best way to learn about the labyrinth is to walk a well-constructed one a few times, with an open heart and an open mind. Then allow your experience to guide you as to whether this will be a useful spiritual tool for you.
The Chartres Labyrinth and the Pilgrim’s Journey
Pilgrims are persons in motion – passing through territories not their own – seeking something we might call completion, or perhaps the word clarity will do as well, a goal to which only the spirit’s compass points the way.
Richard R. Niebuhr in Pilgrims and Pioneers
“The tradition of pilgrimage is as old as religion itself. Worshippers on pilgrimage traveled to holy festivals whether to solstice celebrations, to Mecca to gather around the Ka’aba for the high holy days of Islam, or to Easter festivals in the Holy City of Jerusalem. Pilgrimages were a mixture of religious duty and holiday relaxation for the peasant, the commoner and rich land owner alike. The journey was often embarked on in groups with designated places to stay at night. The pilgrims were restless to explore the mystical holy places, and many were in search of physical or spiritual healing.
The Christian story, which emphasized the humanity of Christ, fascinated the pilgrims. In the Middle Ages, most people did not read. As a result, they were much more oriented to the senses than we are today. They learned the story by traveling to Jerusalem to walk where Jesus walked, to pray where he prayed, and to experience, in a solemn moment, where he died. Unlike today, Pilgrims encountered the truth of the Christian mystery through an ongoing intimacy with all their senses.
When a person committed his or her life to Christ in the early Middle Ages, they sometimes made a vow to make a pilgrimage to the Holy City of Jerusalem. However, by the 12th century when the Crusades swept across Europe and the ownership of Jerusalem was in tumultuous flux, travel became dangerous and expensive. In response to this situation, the Roman Church appointed seven pilgrimage cathedrals to become “Jerusalem” for pilgrims. Consequently, in the pilgrimage tradition, the path within the labyrinth was called the Chemin de Jerusalem and the center of the labyrinth was called “New Jerusalem”.
The walk into the labyrinth marked the end of the physical journey across the countryside and served as a symbolic entry-way into the spiritual realms of the Celestial City. The image of the Celestial City – taken straight out of the Book of Revelation to John – captivated the religious imagination of many during the Middle Ages. The wondrous Gothic cathedrals, with painted walls either in bright, even gaudy colours, or else white-washed, were designed to represent the Celestial City. The stained glass windows – when illuminated by the sun – created the sense of colourful, dancing jewels, allowing the pilgrim to experience the awesome mystery of the City of God.”
The Journey of Life
A fundamental approach to the labyrinth is to see it as a metaphor for life’s journey. The labyrinth reminds us that all of life, with its joys, sorrows, twists and turns, is a journey that comes from God (birth) and goes to God (death). It is a physical metaphor for the journey of healing, spiritual and emotional growth and transformation. Following the path is like any journey. Sometimes you feel you are at or nearing your destination, and at other times you may feel distant or even lost. Only by faithfully keeping to the path will you arrive at the physical center of the labyrinth, which signifies God, the center of our lives and souls.
Applying the Three Fold Mystical Tradition to the Labyrinth
In the Christian mystical tradition, the journey to God was articulated in the three stages. These stages have become recognized as being universal to meditation: to release and quiet; to open and receive; and to take what was gained back out into the world.
The Three Stages
The first part of the Three- Fold Mystical Path is Purgation. This archaic word is from the root word “to purge”, meaning to cleanse, to let go. Shedding is another way of describing the experience. The mystical word is empting or releasing. It is believed that monks journeyed the first part of the labyrinth Purgation on their knees as a penitential act. This was not done for reasons of punishment as we might think, but as a way to humble oneself before God.
The second stage of the Three-Fold Path, Illumination, is found in the center of the labyrinth. Usually it is a surprise to reach the center because the long winding path seems “illogical” and cannot be figured out by the linear mind. After quieting the mind in the first part of the walk, the center presents a new experience: a place of meditation and prayer. Often people at this stage in the walk find insight into their situation in life, or clarity about a certain problem, hence the label “illumination”. As one enters the
center, the instruction is simple: enter with an open heart and mind; receive what there is for you.
The third stage, Union, begins when you leave the center of the labyrinth and continues as you retrace the path that brought you in. In this stage the meditation takes on a grounded, energized feeling. Many people who have had an important experience in the center feel that this third stage of the labyrinth gives them a way of integrating the insights they received. Others feel that this stage stokes the creative fires within. It energizes insight. It empowers, invites, and even pushes us to be more authentic and confident and to take risks with our gifts in the world. Union means communing with God.
The Monastic Orders experienced a union with God through their community life by creating a fulfilling balance between the work that was assigned, sleep and the many hours of worship attended daily. Our times present a similar challenge: we struggle to find balance between work, sleep, family and friends, leisure and spiritual life. The lack of structured communities in which people share work responsibilities and the “every person for himself or herself” mentality (or every family for itself) prevalent in our highly individualistic society makes the task of finding balance even more difficult.
Monastic communities offered a mystical spirituality that spoke to highly intuitive and intensely introverted people and (paradoxically to some) at the same time provided an economic structure throughout Europe. Monasteries during the Middle Ages provided schools and hospitals managed by monks; yet, at the same time, cloistered life helped the monks stay inwardly directed. Today, without any reliable structure directing us, the way of union needs to be re-thought. Our times call for most of us to be outer-directed. We are called to action in every aspect of our society in order to meet the spiritual challenges that confront us in the 21st century. Gratefully, there are still people in religious orders holding the candle for deep contemplation, but the majority of people involved in the spiritual transformation are searching for a path that guides them to service in the world in an active, extroverted, compassionate way. The third stage of the labyrinth empowers the seeker to move back into the world replenished and directed – which makes the labyrinth a particularly powerful tool for transformation.
Walking the Labyrinth: The Process
The purpose of all spiritual disciplines – prayer, fasting, meditation – is to help create an open attentiveness that enables us to receive and renew our awareness of our grounding and wholeness in God.
The Experience of Walking Meditation
Many of us have trouble quieting our minds. The Buddhists call the distracted state of mind the “monkey mind”, which is an apt image of what the mind is frequently like: thoughts swinging like monkeys from branch to branch, chattering away without any rhyme or conscious reason. When the mind is quiet, we feel peaceful and open, aware of a silence that embraces the universe.
Complete quiet in the mind is not a realistic goal for most of us. Instead, the task is to dis-identify with the thoughts going through our minds. Don’t get hooked by the thoughts, let them go. Thomas Keating, a Cistercian monk who teaches Centering Prayer (meditation) in the Christian tradition, described the mind as a still lake. A thought is like a fish that swims through it. If you get involved with the fish (“Gee what an unusual fish, I wonder what it is called?”), then you are hooked. Many of us have discovered through learning meditation how difficult it is to quiet the mind; yet, the rewards are great.
In the labyrinth, the sheer act of walking a complicated, attention demanding path begins to focus the mind. Thoughts of daily tasks and experiences become less intrusive. A quiet mind does not happen automatically. You must gently guide the mind with the intention of letting go of extraneous thoughts. This is much easier to do when your whole body is moving – when you are walking. Movement takes away the excess charge of psychic energy that disturbs our efforts to quiet our thought processes.
Two Basic Approaches to the Walk
One way to walk the labyrinth is to choose to let all thought go and simply open yourself to your experience with gracious attention. Usually – though not always – quieting happens in the first stage of the walk. After the mind is quiet, you can choose to remain in the quiet. Or use the labyrinth as a prayer path. Simply begin to talk to God. This is an indication that you are ready to receive what is there for you, or you allow a sincere part of your being to find its voice.
A second approach to a labyrinth walk is to consider a question. Concentrate on the question as you walk in. Amplify your thoughts about it; let all else go but your question. When you walk into the center with an open heart and an open mind, you are opening yourself to receiving new information, new insights about yourself.
Guidelines for the Walk
Find your pace. In our chaotic world we are often pushed beyond a comfortable rhythm. In this state we lose the sense of our own needs. To make matters worse, we are often rushed and then forced to wait. Anyone who has hurried to the bank only to stand in line knows the feeling. Ironically, the same thing can happen with the labyrinth, but there is a difference. The labyrinth helps us find what our natural pace would be and draws our attention to it when we are not honouring it.
Along with finding your pace, support your movement through the labyrinth by becoming conscious of your breath. Let your breath flow smoothly in and out of your body. It can be coordinated with each step – as is done in the Buddhist walking meditation – if you choose. Let your experience be your guide.
Each experience in the labyrinth is different, even if you walk it often in a short period of time. The pace usually differs each time as well. It can change dramatically within the different stages of the walk. When the labyrinth has more than a comfortable number of seekers on it, you can “pass” people if you want to continue to honour the intuitive pace your inner process has set. If you are moving at a slower pace, you can allow people to pass you. At first people are uncomfortable with the idea of “passing” someone on the labyrinth. It looks competitive, especially since the walk is a spiritual exercise. Again, these kinds of thoughts and feelings, we hope, are greeted from a spacious place inside that smiles knowingly about the machinations of the human ego. On the spiritual path we meet every and all things. To find our pace, to allow spaciousness within, to be receptive to all experience, and to be aware of the habitual thoughts and issues that hamper our spiritual development is a road to self-knowledge.
Summary of How to Walk the Labyrinth
Pause at the entry way to allow yourself to be fully conscious of the act of stepping into the labyrinth. Allow about a minute, or several turns on the path, to create some space between yourself and the person in front of you. Some ritual act, such as a bow, may feel appropriate during the labyrinth walk. Do what comes naturally.
Follow your pace. Allow your body to determine the pace. If you allow a rapid pace and the person in front of you is moving slower, feel free to move around this person. This is easiest to do at the turns by turning earlier. If you are moving slowly, you can step onto the labyrs (wide spaces at the turns) to allow others to pass.
The narrow path is a two-way street. If you are going in and another person is going out, you will meet on the path. If you want to keep in an inward meditative state, simply do not make eye contact. If you meet someone you know, a touch of the hand or a hug may be an important acknowledgement of being on the path together.
Symbolism and Meanings Found in the Chartres Labyrinth
Circles and Spirals
The circle is the symbol of unity or union and it is the primary shape of all labyrinths. The circle in sacred geometry represents the incessant movement of the universe (uncomprehensible) as opposed to the square which represents comprehensible order. The labyrinth is a close cousin to the spiral and it, too, reflects the cyclical element of nature and is regarded as the symbol of eternal life.
The labyrinth functions like a spiral, creating a vortex in its center. Upon entering, the path winds in a clockwise pattern. Energy is being drawn out. Upon leaving the center the walker goes in a counter clockwise direction. The unwinding path integrates and empowers us on our walk back out. We are literally ushered back out into the world in a strengthened condition.
The Path
The path lies in 11 concentric circles with the 12th being the labyrinth center. The path meanders throughout the whole circle. There are 34 turns on the path going into the center. Six are semi-right turns and 28 are 180° turns. So the 12 rings that form the 11 pathways may symbolically represent, the 12 apostles, 12 tribes of Israel or 12 months of the year. Twelve is a mystical number in Christianity. In sacred geometry three represents heaven and four represents earth. Twelve is the product of 3 x 4 and, therefore, the path which flows through the whole is then representative of all creation.
The obvious metaphor for the path is the difficult path to salvation, with its many twists and turns. Since we cannot see a straight path to our destination, the labyrinth can be viewed as a metaphor for our lives. We learn to surrender to the path (Christ) and trust that he will lead us on our journey.
The path can also be viewed as grace or the Church guiding us through chaos.
The Cruciform and Labyrs
The labyrinth is divided equally into four quadrants that make an equal-armed cross or cruciform. The four arms represent in symbol what is thought to be the essential
structure of the universe for example, the four spatial directions, the four elements (earth, wind, water and fire), the four seasons and, most important, salvation through the cross. The four arms of the cross emerging from the center seem to give order to the would-be chaos of the meandering path around it.
The Chartres labyrinth cross or cruciform is delineated by the 10 labyrs (labyr means to turn and this is the root of the word labyrinth). The labyrs are double-ax shaped and visible at the turns and between turns. They are traditionally seen as a symbol of women’s power and creativity.
The Centre Rosette
In the Middle Ages, the rose was regarded as a symbol for the Virgin Mary. Because of its association with the myths of Percival and the Holy Grail at that time, it also was seen as a sign of beauty and love. The rose becomes symbolic of both human and divine love, of passionate love, but also love beyond passion. The single rose became a symbol of a simple acceptance of God’s love for the world.
Unlike a normal rose (which has five petals) the rosette has six petals and is steeped in mysticism. Although associated with the Rose of Sharon, which refers to Mary, it may also represent the Holy Spirit (wisdom and enlightenment). The six petals may have corresponded to the story of the six days of creation. In other mystical traditions, the petals can be viewed as the levels of evolution (mineral, plant, animal, humankind, angelic and divine).
The Lunations
The lunations are the outer ring of partial circles that complete the outside circle of the labyrinth. They are unique to the Chartres design.
Celtic Symbols on the St. Hilda’s Labyrinth
The Celtic peoples have given us seven enduring spiritual principles:
1. A deep respect of nature, regarding creation as the fifth Gospel.
2. Quiet care for all living things.
3. The love of learning.
4. A wonder-lust or migratory nature.
5. Love of silence and solitude.
6. Understanding of time as a sacred reality and an appreciation of ordinary life, worshipping God through everyday life, and with great joy.
7. The value of family and clan affiliation, and especially spiritual ties of soul friends.
To show our respect for such wisdom, two Celtic designs adorn the St. Hilda’s labyrinth.
To mark the entrance to the labyrinth is a Celtic zoomorphic design painted in red. Traditionally, Celtic monks used intricate knotwork and zoomorphic designs (odd animals intertwined in uncomfortable ways) as mere filler for their illuminated gospel texts. They had no discernible meaning.
However, because of their unique design components, zoomorphs are now associated with transformations.
Transformation, change, action, and passion are also associated with red, the colour of fire. Therefore, this entrance symbol may well be an appropriate sign for the journey ahead.
At the labyrinth’s centre is a Celtic triquetra. This interlocked knotwork design of three stylized fish (whales) is often interpreted as the Trinity knot. It is a perfect representation of the concept of "three in one" in Christian trinity beliefs. Having the design enclosed within the centre circle further emphasizes the unity theme.
The triquetra can also be considered to represent the triplicities of mind, body, and soul, as well as the three domains of earth- earth, sea, and sky.
Final Reflection: The Labyrinth as a “Thinning Place”
In Celtic Christianity, places where people felt most strongly connected with God’s presence were referred to as thin places. It was these places in nature (forest groves, hilltops and deep wells) that the seen and unseen worlds were most closely connected, and the inhabitants of both worlds could momentarily touch the other. Today our churches, temples and sacred sites are the new thin places to meet the Divine. Here, at St Hilda’s, we have opportunities to encounter many thinning places – whether it be during Eucharistic or Taize services, while singing or praying, or through the love of a welcoming inclusive community. The labyrinth is a welcome addition; and with the right intent can also become a new thinning place for the modern pilgrim/spiritual seeker.This outward journey is an archetype with which we can have a direct experience. We can walk it. It can serve to frame the inward journey – a journey of repentance, forgiveness and rebirth, a journey that seeks a deeper faith, and greater holiness, a journey in search of God.
This High Dynamic Range panorama was stitched from 84 bracketed images with PTGUI Pro, tone-mapped with Photomatix, and touched up in Aperture.
Original size: 18160 × 9080 (164.9 MP; 194 MB).
Location: St. Hilda’s By The Sea Anglican Church, Sechelt, British Columbia, Canada
.........
innisfreegarden.org/garden.html
We arrived at Innisfree as soon as it opened at 10AM one mid-August morning when the entire Northeastern US was in the middle of a record heatwave. Despite the heat and humidity, we were able to make a quick 1.5 mile circle on the path around the deep glacial lake at the heart of this 150 acre garden before we wilted and had to return to our air conditioned car. The harsh mid-day light made photography challenging, as you can see. We learned that Innisfree, said by some to be one of the world's Ten Great Gardens, opens at sunrise on three occasions each year, and we are already planning another trip to the Hudson River Valley in the future when we hope we can see and photograph this amazing place under better conditions.
"Like the pyramids of Egypt or the Great Wall of China, Innisfree helps us to define what we mean by ‘civilization’. It’s one of the few places in this world that lived up to — nay, exceeded — my expectations."
David Wheeler, Editor, Hortus (2013)
"In the late 1920s, Walter Beck and his wife, avid gardener and heiress Marion Burt Beck, began work on Innisfree, their country residence in Millbrook, New York. Walter Beck’s fascination with Asian art influenced his painting, the collecting he and his wife pursued, and their ideas on garden design. In the 1930s, Beck discovered the work of 8th-century Chinese poet, painter and garden maker Wang Wei. Studying scroll paintings of his famed garden, the Wangchuan Villa, Beck observed that Wang created carefully defined, inwardly focused gardens and garden vignettes within a larger, naturalistic landscape. Wang’s place-making technique — christened “cup gardens,” by Beck — influenced centuries of Chinese and Japanese garden design. It is also the principal design motif in the Innisfree landscape. Like his Chinese predecessor, Beck created three-dimensional pictures in the garden, incorporating both rocks from the site and horticultural advice from his wife. Unlike Wang Wei, or perhaps more familiar figures like Lawrence Johnston, who used his cup-like rooms at Hidcote in England to draw one through a sequence of events and create an overall sense of place, Beck focused more on individual compositions. Relating these to each other and to the landscape as a whole was the genius of Lester Collins."
The genius of this place lies not so much in the ideas which the designers formulated for the cup gardens, many of which are disarmingly simple, but in the way they have been maintained over the years. Essentially, everything is allowed to settle into the prevailing spirit of the place; if it does not, it is removed. It is this sensitivity, care and attention to the qualities of landscape, natural and made, that make Innisfree such a memorable success.
Tim Richardson, Great Gardens of America (2000)
Western gardens are usually designed to embrace a view of the whole. Little is hidden. The garden, like a stage set, is there in its entirety, its overall design revealed in a glance. The traditional Chinese garden is usually designed so that a view of the whole is impossible. [It] requires a stroll over serpentine, seemingly aimless arteries. The observer walks into a series of episodes, like Alice through the looking glass."
Lester Collins, Innisfree: An American Garden (1994)
Suprisingly...my first time shooting this...
Information From www.forgottenoh.com/LakeView/haserot.html
Lake View's most famous piece of graveside sculpture stands atop the grave of Francis Haserot and his family, near the Mark Hanna mausoleum at the edge of the cemetery proper.
The Haserots, it turns out, are in the institutional-sized canned good business, and are famous for the quality of their product. Their company, Northen Haserot, supplies hotels, restaurants, schools, hospitals, and other institutions with canned meats, seafood, dairy, beverages, and produce, as well as certain types of food-service equipment and cleaning chemicals. Northern Haserot was founded in Cleveland in 1892 and has been located there ever since. They only ship to the Cleveland, Akron, Canton, Youngstown, Toledo, and Columbus metropolitan areas, but they manage to operate two distribution facitilites with 125,000 and 60,000 square feet of space, as well as a USDA federally inspected meat plant. You can read more about the company at www.northernhaserot.com.
What's clear is that the Haserots' skill in shipping big cans of food is surpassed only by their impeccable taste in art. The statue at their cemetery plot was sculpted in 1924 by Herman Matzen.
The name I've always heard attached to the piece is "The Angel of Death Victorious." The angel has his hands folded atop something that most people mistakenly call a sword. It would make sense, but in this case he's holding an upside down torch, symbolizing a life extinguished. His pose is creepy enough, but the years have streaked his bronze skin and caused tears of discolored metal to stream from his blank eyes.
Want some interesting information regarding the "haunting" of the Haserot Angel?
Full story online:
www.corkshipwrecks.net/ussmanleydd74.html
USS MANLEY DD74
(Caldwell Class, 1917)
The United States destroyer, USS Manley arrived in Queenstown (now Cobh) in the south of Ireland in December, 1917. Queenstown was the centre for anti-submarine forces, on the Western Approaches, under the command of Admiral Lewis Bayley, Commander in Chief , Coast of Ireland. The Manley soon commenced operations
Initially there was uncertainty as to the most effective use of destroyers. At first they were given patrol areas which they would scout, singly or in pairs. Any stray incoming merchantmen seen, were to be escorted to near their destinations. This was a most ineffective use of the force, as the chances of coming across, and destroying a lone submarine in the vastness of the Western Approaches was virtually nil.
By Summer 1917, under the urging of commanders such as Admiral Sims, Commander of US Naval Forces in Europe, the convoy system was initiated. Groups of merchantmen were escorted through the war zone by flanking destroyer screens. This had the dual effect of reducing the amount of targets for German u-boats, and allowing destroyers and sloops to attack the harassing submarines. The priorities of the destroyers were to:
Destroy Submarines.
Protect and escort Merchantmen.
Save the crews and passengers of torpedoed ships.
Anti-submarine patrols did continue also for the duration of the war, especially in the Irish Sea and close to the coast of France, where u-boats would try to sink merchantmen as the convoys dispersed. In 1918, any destroyer in the Irish Sea, which was not actively convoying, came under the orders of The Irish Sea Hunting Flotilla, under the command of Captain Gordon Campbell VC based in Holyhead, Wales. US destroyers were also used to patrol the west coast of Ireland to hunt suspected gun-running ships, for Irish Republicans.
The destroyers , initially, were ill-equipped to fight submerged submarines. When they arrived in Europe they were armed with guns and torpedoes. The only undersea weapons supplied were single hand-launched 50lb depth charges which were particularly ineffective. It was the later fitting of dual depth charge racks on the sterns of the ships, Thornycroft depth charge throwers, and Y shaped charge throwers that turned them into a dangerous force. These were capable of dropping and firing a continuous patterned barrage of 200lb, charges around a submarine's suspected position. Most of the retro-fitting of these armaments was done at Cammel Laird in Birkenhead, England.
On March 4th, 1918, Convoy HD 26, sailed from Dakar, West Africa, for the British Isles. The convoy consisted of 16 merchant ships, escorted by HMS Motagua (Captain L.L.Dundas RN), an Armed Merchant Cruiser. By the time the coast of England was near, the convoy had reduced to 10 ships plus the Motagua.
On the morning of the 19th of March, a mixed convoy escort of United States destroyers and British sloops approached the convoy. This escort consisted of USS Beale, USS Patterson,USS Terry, USS Manley, HMS Tamarisk, and HMS Bluebell.
The order was given to change course towards the Scillies, but before this could be complied with, the Manley (Commander Robert L.Berry USN) approached the Motagua.
She approached this vessel on the starboard side with the intention of throwing a heaving line to pass despatches. The Captain of the Motagua felt that the Manley was too close and signalled the Manley to gain distance. The Manley turned to starboard, but her stern connected with the stern of the Motagua.
One of the depth charges, held in a Thornycroft thrower on Manley was dislodged and exploded. This caused devastating damage to both ships, with the addition of a petrol fire on the Manley, caused by the piercing of gasoline drums on board. Further depth charges also exploded on the Manley, causing the after end of the ship to be totally destroyed.
The ships stopped and the convoy passed them. The aft guns on both ships were blown overboard. The Manley was completely unmanageable, but the Motagua was able to make way with difficulty, having lost her steering gear.
The sloop HMS Tamarisk made repeated efforts to tow Manley, but it was the tugs Cartmel and Blazer, that borught her to Queenstown on the 20th. The Motagua, flanked by HMS Bluebell. HMS Polyanthus joined escort until relieved by HMS Oriole. HMS Bluebell proceeded to Plymouth with wounded of USS Manley. Motagua made Plymouth the same day.
As was the custom, separate courts of enquiry were held , a Royal Navy one at Devonport and a US Navy one in Queenstown. In both the blame was laid at the Commander of USS Manley.
Casualties from USS Manley are brought ashore at Queenstown (Cobh) in Cork. Railway station in background
On the 18th of April 1918, a Court Martial was held on board USS Melville, in Queenstown. The finding of the court was that Commander Berry was found guilty of ‘Culpable Inefficiency in the Performance of Duty’.
Five members of the court, however recommended clemency on the grounds that small collisions of the nature of the one between the Motagua and Manley, were commonplace at this time. It was the cataclysm of the exploding depth charges, that turned an incident into a tragedy.
The court concurred, and Commander Berry was released from arrest and restored to duty.
Thirty three men were killed on USS Manley and 30 killed on the Motagua.
Lost on USS Manley
Brewer, Edward, Elias. GM2c USN
Burke, Richard, WT USN
Cohen, Louis, BM1c USN
Corcoran, Timothy, Francis Sea USN
Dreja, Nicholas, M. MM2c USN
Edds, William, W. F2c USN
Fleming, Allen, Jr. Sea USN
Hall, Cecil Sea USN
Hartman, George, Clyde E1c USN
Hartman, Lester, Orin. F1c USN
Herdman, Albert, Van Nulton. Cox USN
Holmes, John Charles. CM1c USN
Ishum, Elmer, Clarke F2c USN
Johnson, Albert, L. Oil USNRF
Jones, Julius,Robert. F2c USN
Klahre, Charles, Herbert MM1c USN
Kurdt, Martin, Charles CMM USN
Lobmeyer, Henry Frederick. MM2c USN
Lowder, John, David,Jr. F1c USN
Magoni, Charles WT USN
Malewitz, Joseph, W. F2c USN
Mann, Claude. Oil USN
McGowan, Michael, Francis, Bsmith1c USN
Miller, William,Harrison. Bmkr USN
Mitchell, Eugene,Davis. F1c USN
O’Donnell, John, Joseph. Sea2c USN
Ross, Albert, A. --- USNRF
Rozanski, Martin. Sea USN
Shaw, Lamorn. F1c USN
Sullivan, Edward, Vincent. Csmith1c USN
Ward, Charlie. F1c USN
Watson, Ralph, Carelton. Eng USN
Wood, William, Henry. GM3c USN
Injured
Cagle, Charley, W. F2c USN
Cardin, John, Leo. F1c USNRF
Cecil, Albert, Wallace F1c USNRF
Christie, Ralph, Horton Y1c USN
Dechenne, Clarence, Fred F2c USN
Dwight, Charles, Dudley, Sea FNR
Gallman, Richard, E. Sea2c USN
Gumm, John, Frank. F1c USN
Hanson, Frederick. Cox USN
Holzhauer, George, J. WT USN
Johnston, William, Adren. SC4c USN
Landwher,Edward, Chester. Lds.E.(R) USN
Lawson, Fred, R. Eng1c USN
Mercer, John,D. F2c USN
Morse, Kirk, W. CGM USN
Nelson, Earl, P. E3c(R) USNRF
Peters, Edward, Henry Sea FNR
Pierce, Charles Eng2c USN
Russell, Carl, C. Sea USN
Russell, Edward,F. Sea2c USN
Sinock, William, SC3c USN
Diggs, Isaac, Matt1c USN
Lost on HMS Motagua
Lee Wm, J. Gunner RN
Wood Charles, S. Acting Lieut RNR
E.Beaney, Ernest Private RMLI
Brown Francis S. Private RMLI
Carver Ed J. Private RMLI
Powell Albert Private RMLI
Wykes G. V. Private RMLI
Oram Bertie Private RMLI
Levett Percy E. Private RMLI
Wyatt Albert W. Private RMLI
Rowland Harold C. Sub Lieut RNVR
Harris Albert Armed Crew RN
Hands George Ord Seaman RNVR
McMillan John Private RMLI
Pearson Richard, R. PO, RN.
Mercantile Marine Ratings
Logan Robert Fireman
McMenamin John Greaser
Kerr Thomas Greaser
Raidy James Greaser
Turley Thomas Fireman
Gorman George Fireman
Nolan Edward Trimmer
Mc Cracken John J. Trimmer
Rowland Harold C. Sub-Lieutenant RNR
Hands George Ord Sea RNVR
Wilkin Clive Ord Sea RNVR
Wells Ernest Ord Sea RNVR
Jennings Frederick Ord Sea RNVR
Pollock Robert S. Greaser MMR
Injured
Richard Rogers W/Tel RNR
Arthur Swinglehurst W/Tel RNR
SHIPS COMPANY
Charles Hills PO CG
Alfred Purkis Carpenters mate Pens
Stephen A.Davis PO CG
John H. Slater PO Pens
Donald MacKenzie Ldg sea RFR
Henry Podesta AB RFR
John Stallard AB RFR
Thomas Budd AB RFR
Frederick Newland AB RNFR
Smith Dean Ord Sea RNVR
Frank Carter Private RFR, RMLI
Albert J.Field Bugler, RMLI
Alfred Monney Corporal RMLI
Frederick J. Honour Colr Sergt, RMLI
MM RATINGS
Ernest Bliss Chief Carpenter
Samuel Watkins Fireman
William Mansfield Dyman’s Mate
Robert J. Pollock Fireman
Thomas Gallagher Fireman
George Ross Fireman
Samuel Chalmers Fireman
William Mills Fireman
Willaim R. McNae Fireman
Patrick Coughlin Trimmer
J.H.Longworth Fireman
George V.Hunter Trimmer
E. Edwards Assistant Steward
Alfred W.Edwards Assistant Steward
Notes:
Commanding Officer, Commander R.L Berry
The US Naval History and Heritage Website has a comprehensive history of this ship, which can be found at
www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/da...
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Specifications
Engine
• VR-series twin-turbocharged 3.8-liter V6.
• 480 hp @ 6,800 rpm. 430 lb-ft torque @ 3,200–5,200 rpm.
• Dual overhead camshafts with variable intake-valve timing.
• Cast aluminum cylinder block with high-endurance/low-friction plasma-sprayed bores.
• IHI twin turbochargers, one per cylinder bank.
• Pressurized lubrication system with thermostatically controlled cooling.
Drivetrain
• ATTESA ET-S All-Wheel Drive (AWD) with independent rear-mounted transaxle integrating transmission, differential and AWD transfer case.
• Rigid, lightweight carbon-composite driveshaft between engine and transaxle.
• Electronic traction control plus 1.5-way mechanically locking rear differential.
• Vehicle Dynamics Control (VDC-R) with three driver-selectable settings: Normal (for daily driving, controls brakes and engine output), R-Mode (for ultimate performance, utilizes AWD torque distribution for additional vehicle stability) and Off (driver does not want the help of the system).
• Hill Start Assist prevents rollback when starting on an incline.
DisclaimerVDC-R cannot prevent accidents due to abrupt steering, carelessness, or dangerous driving techniques. Always drive safely.
Transmission
• 6-speed Dual Clutch Transmission with three driver-selectable modes: Normal (for maximum smoothness and efficiency), Snow (for gentler starting and shifting on slippery surfaces), and R mode (for maximum performance with fastest shifts).
• Fully automatic shifting or full sequential manual control via gearshift or steering wheel-mounted paddle shifters.
• Dual clutch design changes gears in less than 0.5 second (0.2 second in R mode).
• Downshift Rev Matching (DRM).
• Predictive pre-shift control (in R mode) based on throttle position, vehicle speed, braking and other information.
Wheels and Tires
• 20 x 9.5" (front) and 20 x 10.5" (rear) super-lightweight forged-aluminum wheels with Gunmetal Gray finish.
• Exclusively developed nitrogen-filled Bridgestone® RE070A high-capacity run-flat summer tires, 255/40R20 front and 285/35R20 rear.
• Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS).
• Optional exclusively developed nitrogen-filled Dunlop® run-flat all-season tires, 255/40R20 front and 285/35R20 rear (includes Bright Silver wheels).
Brakes
• Brembo® 4-wheel disc brakes with 4-wheel Antilock Braking System (ABS), Brake Assist, Electronic Brakeforce Distribution and Preview Braking.
• Two-piece floating-rotor 15-inch front and rear discs with diamond-pattern internal ventilation.
• 6-piston front/4-piston rear monoblock calipers.
Steering
• Rack-and-pinion steering with vehicle-speed-sensitive power assist.
• 2.6 steering-wheel turns lock-to-lock.
Suspension
• 4-wheel independent suspension with Bilstein® DampTronic system with three driver-selectable modes: Normal/Sport (for automatic electronic control of damping), Comfort (for maximum ride comfort), and R mode (engages maximum damping rate for high-performance cornering).
• Electronically controlled variable-rate shock absorbers. High-accuracy progressive-rate coil springs.
• Front double-wishbone/rear multi-link configuration with aluminum members and rigid aluminum subframes.
• Hollow front and rear stabilizer bars.
Body/Chassis
• Exclusive Premium Midship platform with jig-welded hybrid unibody.
• Aluminum hood, trunk and door skins. Die-cast aluminum door structures.
• Carbon-reinforced front crossmember/radiator support.
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Standard Features
Exterior
• Wide-beam headlights with High Intensity Discharge (HID) low beams.
• LED taillights and brake lights.
• Dual heated power mirrors.
• Flush-mounted aluminum door handles.
• Body-color rear spoiler with integrated center high-mounted stop light.
• UV-reducing tinted glass.
Audio/Navigation/Performance Monitor
• Digital Bose® audio system with AM/FM/in-dash 6-CD changer and 11 speakers including dual subwoofers.
• HDD Music Box system, including hard drive with 9.4 GB for audio storage.
• MP3, WMA and DVD audio capable. In-dash Compact Flash card reader.
• HDD-based GPS navigation with touch screen.
• Driver-configurable performance monitor, developed with Sony® Polyphony, with graphical readouts of vehicle data and driving data displayed on a total of 11 screens.
• 7-inch WVGA high-resolution color-LCD display for audio, navigation and performance monitor.
Interior
• Automatic Temperature Control (ATC).
• Electronic analog instrument cluster with multi-function trip computer and digital gear indicator.
• Power front windows with one-touch auto-up/down feature.
• Intelligent Key system with pushbutton start. Power door locks.
• Cruise control.
• Tilt/telescoping steering column.
• Bluetooth® Hands-free phone system with voice recognition.
Seating/Appointments
• Leather upholstered front seats with perforated Alcantara inserts.
• 8-way power front seats with entry/exit switch for rear-seat passengers.
• Driver-shaped bucket seat.
• Dual individual rear seats.
• Heated front seats.
• Leather-wrapped steering wheel and shift knob.
• Drilled aluminum pedals.
Safety/Security
• Nissan Advanced Air Bag System (AABS) with dual-stage supplemental front air bags, seat belt sensors and occupant-classification sensor.
• Driver and front-passenger side-impact supplemental air bags and roof-mounted curtain supplemental air bags.
• Front seat belts with pretensioners and load limiters.
• Nissan Vehicle Immobilizer System.
• Vehicle Security System.
Predica cristiana sobre la fe - ¿Que es la fe en Dios?
Como hay tanta gente que se dice ser cristiano, nos es familiar el creer en Dios. Aunque mucha gente dice creer en Dios, la mayoría no entiende qué significa tener una verdadera fé en Dios. Quizás muchos de estos creyentes no están de acuerdo y opinan: ¿realmente piensas que somos menos? Hemos creído en Dios durante muchos años, ¿es posible que realmente no entendamos lo que la verdadera Fé en Dios significa? Algunos dicen: “Creer en Dios es admitir que hay un Dios, y creo que Dios creó los cielos y la tierra y todas las cosas, y que Dios existe realmente. ¿No es esto creer en Dios?”. Algunos dicen así: “Leo la Biblia a menudo, oro, asisto a las reuniones, y predico el Evangelio. ¿Eso no cuenta como verdadera Fé en Dios?”. Algunos otros dicen: “Puedo recitar los más famosos capítulos y versículos de la Biblia, así que, ¿quién se atreve a decir que no yo soy un verdadero creyente en Dios?”. Otros dicen: “Hago sacrificios para el Señor, he estado trabajando, predicando y compartiendo el evangelio por muchos años y siempre intento ayudar y mantener a los hermanos y hermanas, ¿realmente no creo en Dios?”. La gente utiliza muchas de estos argumentos para probar que realmente son creyentes en Dios. Sin embargo, ¿nos hemos detenidos a pensar si estos argumentos son realmente ciertos?
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Fuente del artículo:https:// www.biblia-es.org/que-es-tener-fe-verdadera-en-Dios.html