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This album features two of our (ROHR Zimbabwe) members, namely Vongayi Mufara and Lindah Chenyama participating in a Black Lives Matter protest in Glasgow, Scotland at venue Glasgow Green on Sunday 7th June 2020
The Roman Baths themselves are below the modern street level. There are four main features: the Sacred Spring, the Roman Temple, the Roman Bath House and the Museum holding finds from Roman Bath. The buildings above street level date from the 19th century.
The Baths are a major tourist attraction and, together with the Grand Pump Room, receive more than one million visitors a year, with 1,037,518 people during 2009.
The water which bubbles up from the ground at Bath falls as rain on the nearby Mendip Hills. It percolates down through limestone aquifers to a depth of between 2,700 and 4,300 metres (8,900 and 14,100 ft) where geothermal energy raises the water temperature to between 69 and 96 °C (156.2 and 204.8 °F). Under pressure, the heated water rises to the surface along fissures and faults in the limestone. This process is similar to an artificial one known as Enhanced Geothermal System which also makes use of the high pressures and temperatures below the Earth's crust. Hot water at a temperature of 46 °C (114.8 °F) rises here at the rate of 1,170,000 litres (257,364 imp gal) every day, from a geological fault (the Pennyquick fault). In 1983 a new spa water bore-hole was sunk, providing a clean and safe supply of spa water for drinking in the Pump Room.
The statue of King Bladud overlooking the King's Bath carries the date of 1699, but its inclusion in earlier pictures shows that it is much older than this.
The first shrine at the site of the hot springs was built by Celts,[6] and was dedicated to the goddess Sulis, whom the Romans identified with Minerva. Geoffrey of Monmouth in his largely fictional Historia Regum Britanniae describes how in 836 BC the spring was discovered by the British king Bladud who built the first baths.
Early in the 18th century Geoffrey's obscure legend was given great prominence as a royal endorsement of the waters' qualities, with the embellishment that the spring had cured Bladud and his herd of pigs of leprosy through wallowing in the warm mud.
Roman use of the building
The name Sulis continued to be used after the Roman invasion, leading to the town's Roman name of Aquae Sulis ("the waters of Sulis"). The temple was constructed in 60-70 AD and the bathing complex was gradually built up over the next 300 years.
During the Roman occupation of Britain, and possibly on the instructions of Emperor Claudius,[engineers drove oak piles to provide a stable foundation into the mud and surrounded the spring with an irregular stone chamber lined with lead. In the 2nd century it was enclosed within a wooden barrel-vaulted building,[6] and included the caldarium (hot bath), tepidarium (warm bath), and frigidarium (cold bath).
After the Roman withdrawal from Britain in the first decade of the 5th century, these fell into disrepair and were eventually lost due to silting up,and flooding.
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle suggests the original Roman baths were destroyed in the 6th century.
About 130 curse tablets have been found. Many of the curses related to thefts of clothes whilst the victim was bathing.
The baths have been modified on several occasions, including the 12th century when John of Tours built a curative bath over the King's Spring reservoir and the 16th century when the city corporation built a new bath (Queen's Bath) to the south of the Spring.The spring is now housed in 18th-century buildings, designed by architects John Wood, the Elder and John Wood, the Younger, father and son. Visitors drank the waters in the Grand Pump Room, a neo-classical salon which remains in use, both for taking the waters and for social functions. Victorian expansion of the baths complex followed the neo-classical tradition established by the Woods. In 1810 the Hot Springs failed and William Smith opened up the Hot Bath Spring to the bottom, where he found that the spring had not failed but had flowed into a new channel. Smith restored the water to its original course and the Baths filled in less time than formerly.
The visitor entrance is via an 1897 concert hall by J M Brydon. It is an eastward continuation of the Grand Pump Room with a glass-domed centre and single-storey radiused corner.
The Grand Pump Room was begun in 1789 by Thomas Baldwin. He resigned in 1791 and John Palmer continued the scheme until its completion in 1799.
The elevation on to Abbey Church Yard has a centre piece of four engaged Corinthian columns with entablatures and pediment. It has been designated by Historic England as a grade I listed building.[The north colonnade was also designed by Thomas Baldwin.
The south colonnade is similar but had an upper floor added in the late 19th century.
Features air exchanger, on-board wifi and patented Darkbomb security package.
In the case of coffin breach, Darkbomb automatically deploys, creating a dome of pitch darkness with a 50-foot diameter. Useful for escape or, barring that, vengeance.
Behind the Scenes with Berserker, Busio, Jojo and friends during the Eyes on LCS: The Future features shoot. Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games
This is Chinese money issued before the Communist takeover in 1949 by Mao when it was the "Republic of China" (prior to the founding of Taiwan). It's a very interesting history that I found best relayed via the book, "Wild Swans, Three Daughters of China" by Jung Chang (once slogging through the boring Genesis-like first chapter, it's hard to put the book down after that).
What I find most fascinating about these bills are the security features that only recently have made their way to money in the United States such as hologram-like faces visible only when held up to the light.
Of course now, this is just pretty paper...
More Money Shots here. :)
~~
All these (and more) need new homes as I'm going to a different country for an extended stay soon so send me a Flickr Mail message (access through the arrow that appears near my profile photo when mousing over it, or click on the little tan envelope that appears on my profile page) if interested.
After a series of rumours, leaks and authority affirmations, before a couple of days Lenovo launched its new lead cell phone, the Lenovo Vibe Z2 Pro (known as K920). The Chinese hardware titan advertised the news on its Google+ page, and additionally on its official Facebook page, saying, From...
www.pulpybucket.com/full-specification-table-lenovo-vibe-...
SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - NOVEMBER 16: Choi "Zeus" Woo-je of T1 at the League of Legends World Championship 2023 Finals Features Day on November 16, 2023 in Seoul, South Korea. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)
Today's #sundaycabspecial features the Spartan Gladiator, one of the most popular cabs in the fire service today and sees action in large cities such as Chicago, Dallas, and Houston. FDCB employs several Spartan Gladiators. Rescue 1 is on a 2017 Spartan Gladiator chassis with SVI bodywork. Previous generations of Rescue 1 had a command center in the front half of the body, but none of them had a slide-out compartment like current iteration of Rescue 1. Also, the rear half features a staircase to the top where some tools and the Onan generator are stored. The staircase also has the ability to open, revealing plywood storage. Rescue 1 is set to be joined by Hazmat 1, which will also be on a Spartan/SVI.
Credits:
LAFD US&R 88
Houston Rescue 10
Vancouver Technical Rescue
@spartan_er
@svitrucks
Features from inside the caves at Ellora.
Ellora is an ancient village 30 km (18.6 miles) from the city of Aurangabad in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Famous for its monumental caves, Ellora is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The inside features the furniture from my Haunted House (10228) MOD, including (but not limited to): a Queen size bed, stove, table, phonograph, sidetable with lamp plus the couch. The first floor I has the living / dining rooms, as the couch, stove and table and other associated items are there. The second floor features the master bedroom with a small balcony on the right side. The third floor is the attic, which is empty. The tower / roof (fourth floor) is also empty.
I made this abstract image on my cell phone this morning. It shows the
locations for windows, sky lights, outlets, hihats and the door.
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Indoor Tabletop Water Fountain Feature - Fountains / Features
A tabletop fountain is a great home accent and they will bring a sense of serenity to your indoor space. The water and natural elements bring a little bit of nature indoors. Our indoor tabletop fountains are made with hand thrown ceramic, copper, stainless steel and natural elements such as slate, gemstones, crystals and bamboo. The features made of semi precious stones often include a rotating object on the fountain such as a crystal sphere which rotates using water pressure, bringing movement to the table fountain which is both interesting and soothing to watch. Table fountains are ideal accents for small rooms and office desks where space is a concern. They easily fit into small spaces such as the corner of a desk, a bedroom table, mantle, around door entryways and coffee tables.
Thick bamboo forests are seen in the picture. It was lush green was a real feast for the eyes.
Shot taken from running car.
We planned for exciting ‘Valley Isle Excursions’ –the incredible Maui tour to Hana…and Haleakalā. It was a trip surrounding the main island of Maui, starting in the morning and ending in the late afternoon. It was a small group Hawaiian Style tour in a 12 seater van. I may guarantee that your "Hana Day" will be one of the best days of your Maui vacation. The Road to Hana features waterfalls, rainforests, bamboo forests, sweeping ocean views, view rugged coastline and more, despite its 617 hairpin curves and 56 one-lane bridges.
You'll be in the hands of Maui’s best driving guides. Valley Isle Excursions’ Luxury Road to Hana Van Tours are hosted by professional guides who share more than just beautiful scenery and an experienced hand behind the wheel; they are incredibly knowledgeable about all things Hawaiian. When your day is complete, you will have received legends, history, stories, and personal insights to give you a real sense of the Hawaiian culture.
Tour starts early in the morning and hotel pickups are available from all major locations. After all the guests are picked up you will make your first stop of the day at Maui Lani Golf Course in Kahului where you will enjoy a light, Hawaiian-style continental breakfast featuring local jams, jellies, with a lovely view of the West Maui Mountains and the golf course.
Once out on the road, you will pass some of the most stunning scenery imaginable along 52 miles of road with 617 hairpin curves and 56 narrow, one-lane bridges. There are countless waterfalls created by the 56 streams that must be crossed on the road to Hana.
Local knowledge is so important because “the best” waterfalls change depending upon the amount of rainfall in the previous several hours at certain altitudes. Only someone who is intimately familiar with the area can predict which waterfalls will be the best to visit on a particular day. Moreover, your Valley Isle Excursions guide is trained to modify the tour according to the unique preferences of the group they are leading that day, so every day is slightly different.
(www.hawaii-guide.com/maui/activities/road-to-hana-tour1)
What makes Valley Isle Excursions unique?
Eco-friendly: Valley Isle Excursions is the first Hawaii-based tour operator to complete the Hawaii Green Business Program
Tour sizes are limited to 12 passengers to ensure maximum service and comfort
Experience the luxury of a conversion van
Extra spaciousness of their modified tour vans
Air conditioned for your comfort
Large, individual reclining captain's chairs
Breathtaking views from elevated panoramic windows
Unlimited cold beverages from the cooler
Plenty of leg room
Plenty of bathroom stops along the way
Lunches include:
Baked barbecued chicken, (done just right!)
Macaroni salad – local style
Fresh garden salad
Bread rolls
Dessert
Assorted beverages
Gluten-free & vegetarian plates available upon request
A note to the photographers:
[In between scheduled halts, plenty of places you may think worth stopping to enjoy the spectacular views and also to take photographs, but guide will not allow for the reason they have a definite plan to finish the tour in time. So you have to remain satisfied with taking most of the photographs from the running car, as I did so, and they may not turn out to be of standard quality!]
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The Galilee Chapel is a significant architectural and historical landmark located within Durham Cathedral in Durham City, County Durham, England. With its rich history and intricate design, the Galilee Chapel has stood as a testament to the religious and cultural heritage of the region. In this essay, we will explore the history of the Galilee Chapel, its architectural features, and its cultural significance, providing an in-depth account of this remarkable structure.
The construction of the Galilee Chapel dates back to the 12th century. Durham Cathedral itself was built between 1093 and 1133, under the supervision of Bishop William of St. Calais and later Bishop Flambard. The cathedral was constructed to house the shrine of Saint Cuthbert, a revered figure in the Christian tradition who played a crucial role in the spread of Christianity throughout the region.
The Galilee Chapel, also known as the Chapel of the Nine Altars, was added to the east end of the cathedral in the early 13th century. The chapel was named after the region of Galilee in Israel, where Jesus Christ is believed to have carried out much of his ministry. Its purpose was to accommodate the growing number of pilgrims who came to Durham to visit the shrine of Saint Cuthbert.
Architecturally, the Galilee Chapel is a masterpiece of the Early English Gothic style. It features a combination of pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and large stained glass windows that allow an abundance of natural light to illuminate the space. The chapel is constructed primarily from local sandstone, which gives it a distinct reddish hue and blends harmoniously with the rest of the cathedral's architecture.
The interior of the Galilee Chapel is equally impressive. The chapel is divided into nine bays, each housing an altar dedicated to a different saint or religious figure. These altars were adorned with ornate carvings, sculptures, and religious artifacts, creating a visually striking and spiritually significant space for worship.
One of the most notable features of the Galilee Chapel is the remarkable array of stained glass windows. These windows depict various biblical scenes, saints, and religious symbols, showcasing the artistic and narrative prowess of medieval craftsmen. The vibrant colors and intricate details of the stained glass windows contribute to the overall aesthetic grandeur of the chapel, making it a captivating sight for visitors.
Over the centuries, the Galilee Chapel has witnessed numerous historical events and undergone several renovations. During the Reformation in the 16th century, many religious artworks and ornaments within the chapel were destroyed or removed as part of the Protestant movement's iconoclastic tendencies. However, the chapel survived this turbulent period and continued to serve as a place of worship.
In the 19th century, significant restoration work was undertaken to preserve and enhance the Galilee Chapel. Under the guidance of architect Anthony Salvin, the chapel's interior was renovated, and the stained glass windows were meticulously restored. This restoration project ensured the preservation of the chapel's original architectural features and artistic splendor.
Today, the Galilee Chapel remains an active place of worship within Durham Cathedral. It continues to attract visitors from all over the world who come to admire its architectural beauty, explore its historical significance, and experience the spiritual ambiance of the space. The chapel serves as a testament to the enduring power of religious devotion and artistic excellence throughout the centuries.
In conclusion, the Galilee Chapel in Durham Cathedral is a remarkable structure steeped in history and architectural brilliance. From its origins in the 13th century to its restoration in the 19th century, the chapel has stood as a testament to the religious and cultural heritage of the region. With its intricate design, stunning stained glass windows, and rich historical significance, the Galilee Chapel remains a significant cultural and spiritual landmark in Durham City, County Durham, England.
The Cathedral Church of Christ, Blessed Mary the Virgin and St Cuthbert of Durham, commonly known as Durham Cathedral and home of the Shrine of St Cuthbert, is a cathedral in the city of Durham, England. It is the seat of the Bishop of Durham, the fourth-ranked bishop in the Church of England hierarchy.
The present Norman era cathedral had started to be built in 1093, replacing the city's previous 'White Church'. In 1986 the cathedral and Durham Castle were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Durham Cathedral's relics include: Saint Cuthbert's, transported to Durham by Lindisfarne monks in the 800s; Saint Oswald's head and the Venerable Bede's remains.
The Durham Dean and Chapter Library contains: sets of early printed books, some of the most complete in England; the pre-Dissolution monastic accounts and three copies of Magna Carta.
From 1080 until 1836, the Bishop of Durham held the powers of an Earl Palatine. In order to protect the Anglo-Scottish border, powers of an earl included exercising military, civil, and religious leadership. The cathedral walls formed part of Durham Castle, the chief seat of the Bishop of Durham.
There are daily Church of England services at the cathedral, Durham Cathedral Choir sing daily except Mondays and holidays, receiving 727,367 visitors in 2019.
The See of Durham takes its origins from the Diocese of Lindisfarne, founded by Saint Aidan at the behest of Oswald of Northumbria in about 635, which was translated to York in 664. The see was reinstated at Lindisfarne in 678 by the Archbishop of Canterbury. Among the many saints who originated at Lindisfarne Priory, the greatest was Saint Cuthbert, Bishop of Lindisfarne from 685 until his death in 687, who is central to the development of Durham Cathedral.
After repeated Viking raids, the monks fled from Lindisfarne in 875, carrying Saint Cuthbert's relics with them. The diocese of Lindisfarne remained itinerant until 882, when the monks resettled at Chester-le-Street, 60 miles south of Lindisfarne and 6 miles north of Durham. The see remained at Chester-le-Street until 995, when further Viking incursions once again caused the monks to move with their relics. According to the local legend of the Dun Cow and the saint's hagiography, the monks followed two milk maids who were searching for a dun-coloured cow and found themselves on a peninsula formed by a loop in the River Wear. Thereupon, Cuthbert's coffin became immovable, which was taken as a sign that the new shrine should be built on that spot, which became the City of Durham. A more prosaic set of reasons for the selection of the peninsula is its highly defensible position, and that a community established there would enjoy the protection of the Earl of Northumbria, with whom the bishop at this time, Aldhun, had strong family connections. Today the street leading from The Bailey past the cathedral's eastern towers up to Palace Green is named Dun Cow Lane due to the miniature dun cows which used to graze in the pastures nearby.
Initially, a very simple temporary structure was built from local timber to house the relics of Saint Cuthbert. The shrine was then transferred to a sturdier, probably still wooden, building known as the White Church. This church was itself replaced three years later in 998 by a stone building also known as the White Church, which in 1018 was complete except for its tower. Durham soon became a site of pilgrimage, encouraged by the growing cult of Saint Cuthbert. King Canute was one of the early pilgrims, and granted many privileges and estates to the Durham monks. The defensible position, flow of money from pilgrims and power embodied in the church at Durham all encouraged the formation of a town around the cathedral, which established the core of the city.
The present cathedral was designed and built under William de St-Calais (also known as William of St. Carilef) who in 1080 was appointed as the first Prince-Bishop by King William the Conqueror. In 1083 he founded the Benedictine Priory of St. Cuthbert at Durham and having ejected the secular canons (and their wives and children) who had been in charge of the church and shrine of St Cuthbert there, replaced them with monks from the monasteries of Wearmouth and Jarrow. The extensive lands of the church he divided between his own bishopric and the new Priory. He appointed Aldwin as the first prior.
Bishop William of St. Calais demolished the old Saxon church, and on 11 August 1093, together with Prior Turgot of Durham (Aldwin's successor), he laid the foundation stone of the great new cathedral. The monks continued at their own expense to build the monastic buildings while the bishop took the responsibility for completing the building of the cathedral. Stone for the new buildings was cut from the cliffs below the walls and moved up using winches. The primary reason for the cathedral was to house the bodies of St. Cuthbert and the Venerable Bede.
Since that time many major additions and reconstructions of parts of the building have been made, but the greater part of the structure remains the original Norman structure. Construction of the cathedral began in 1093, at the eastern end. The choir was completed by 1096. At the death of Bishop William of St. Calais on 2 January 1096, the Chapter House was ready enough to be used as his burial place. In 1104 the remains of St. Cuthbert were translated with great ceremony to the new shrine in the new cathedral. The monks continued to look after the Shrine of St Cuthbert until the dissolution of the monasteries.
Work proceeded on the nave, the walls of which were finished by 1128, and the high vault by 1135. The chapter house was built between 1133 and 1140 (partially demolished in the 18th century). William of St. Carilef died in 1096 before the building was complete and passed responsibility to his successor, Ranulf Flambard, who also built Framwellgate Bridge, the earliest crossing of the River Wear from the town. Three bishops, William of St. Carilef, Ranulf Flambard and Hugh de Puiset, are all buried in the now rebuilt chapter house.
In the 1170s Hugh de Puiset, after a false start at the eastern end where subsidence and cracking prevented work from continuing, added the Galilee Chapel at the west end of the cathedral. The five-aisled building occupies the position of a porch and functioned as a Lady chapel with the great west door being blocked during the Medieval period by an altar to the Virgin Mary. The door is now blocked by the tomb of Bishop Thomas Langley. The Galilee Chapel also holds the remains of the Venerable Bede. The main entrance to the cathedral is on the northern side, facing the castle.
In 1228 Richard le Poore, Bishop of Salisbury, was translated to Durham, having just rebuilt Salisbury Cathedral in the Gothic style. At that moment the eastern end of Durham Cathedral was in urgent need of repair and the proposed eastern extension had failed. Le Poore employed the architect Richard Farnham to design an eastern terminal for the building in which many monks could say the Daily Office simultaneously. The resulting building was the Chapel of the Nine Altars. In 1250, the original roof of the cathedral was replaced by a vault which is still in place.
The towers also date from the early 13th century, but the central tower was damaged by lightning and replaced in two stages in the 15th century, the master masons being Thomas Barton and John Bell.
The Bishop of Durham was the temporal lord of the palatinate, often referred to as a Prince-bishop. The bishop competed for power with the Prior of Durham Monastery, a great landowner who held his own courts for his free tenants. An agreement dated about 1229, known as Le Convenit was entered into to regulate the relationship between the two magnates.
The Shrine of Saint Cuthbert was located in the eastern apsidal end of the cathedral. The location of the inner wall of the apse is marked on the pavement and Saint Cuthbert's tomb is covered by a simple slab. However, an unknown monk wrote in 1593:
[The shrine] was estimated to be one of the most sumptuous in all England, so great were the offerings and jewells bestowed upon it, and endless the miracles that were wrought at it, even in these last days.
During the dissolution of the monasteries Saint Cuthbert's tomb was destroyed in 1538 by order of King Henry VIII, and the monastery's wealth was handed over to the king. The body of the saint was exhumed, and, according to the Rites of Durham, was discovered to be uncorrupted. It was reburied under a plain stone slab now worn smooth by the knees of pilgrims, but the ancient paving around it remains intact. Two years later, on 31 December 1540, the Benedictine monastery at Durham was dissolved, and the last Prior of Durham, Hugh Whitehead, became the first dean of the cathedral's secular chapter.
After the Battle of Dunbar in September 1650, Durham Cathedral was used by Oliver Cromwell as a makeshift prison to hold Scottish prisoners of war. It is estimated that as many as 3,000 were imprisoned, of whom 1,700 died in the cathedral itself, where they were kept in inhumane conditions, largely without food, water, or heat. The prisoners destroyed much of the cathedral woodwork for firewood, but Prior Castell's Clock, which featured the Scottish thistle, was spared. It is reputed that the prisoners' bodies were buried in unmarked graves (see further, '21st century' below), and the survivors were shipped as slave labour to the American Colonies.
Bishop John Cosin (in office 1660–1672), previously a canon of the cathedral, set about restoring the damage and refurnishing the building with new stalls, the litany desk, and the towering canopy over the font. An oak screen to carry the organ was added at this time to replace a stone screen pulled down in the 16th century. On the remains of the old refectory, Dean John Sudbury founded a library of early printed books.
During the 18th century the Deans of Durham often held another position in the south of England and after spending the statutory time in residence, would depart southward to manage their affairs. Consequently, after Cosin's refurbishment, there was little by way of restoration or rebuilding. When work commenced again on the building, it was not always of a sympathetic nature. In 1777 the architect George Nicholson, having completed Prebends' Bridge across the Wear, persuaded the dean and chapter to let him smooth off much of the outer stonework of the cathedral, thereby considerably altering its character. His successor William Morpeth demolished most of the Chapter House.
In 1794 the architect James Wyatt drew up extensive plans which would have drastically transformed the building, including the demolition of the Galilee Chapel, but the Chapter changed its mind just in time to prevent this happening. Wyatt renewed the 15th-century tracery of the Rose Window, inserting plain glass to replace what had been blown out in a storm.
In 1847 the architect Anthony Salvin removed Cosin's wooden organ screen, opening up the view of the east end from the nave, and in 1858 he restored the cloisters.
The Victorian restoration of the cathedral's tower in 1859–60 was by the architect George Gilbert Scott, working with Edward Robert Robson (who went on to serve as Clerk of Works at the cathedral for six years). In 1874 Scott was responsible for the marble choir screen and pulpit in the Crossing. In 1892 Scott's pupil Charles Hodgson Fowler rebuilt the Chapter House as a memorial to Bishop Joseph Barber Lightfoot.
The great west window, depicting the Tree of Jesse, was the gift of Dean George Waddington in 1867. It is the work of Clayton and Bell, who were also responsible for the Te Deum window in the South Transept (1869), the Four Doctors window in the North Transept (1875), and the Rose Window of Christ in Majesty (c. 1876).
There is also a statue of William Van Mildert, the last prince-bishop (1826–1836) and driving force behind the foundation of Durham University.
In the 1930s, under the inspiration of Dean Cyril Alington, work began on restoring the Shrine of Saint Cuthbert behind the High Altar as an appropriate focus of worship and pilgrimage, and was resumed after the Second World War. The four candlesticks and overhanging tester (c. 1950) were designed by Ninian Comper. Two large batik banners representing Saints Cuthbert and Oswald, added in 2001, are the work of Thetis Blacker. Elsewhere in the building the 1930s and 1940s saw the addition of several new stained glass windows by Hugh Ray Easton. Mark Angus's Daily Bread window dates from 1984. In the Galilee Chapel a wooden statue of the Annunciation by the Polish artist Josef Pyrz was added in 1992, the same year as Leonard Evetts' Stella Maris window.
In 1986, the cathedral, together with the nearby Castle, became a World Heritage Site. The UNESCO committee classified the cathedral under criteria c, reporting, "Durham Cathedral is the largest and most perfect monument of 'Norman' style architecture in England".
In its discussion of the significance of the cathedral, Historic England provided this summary in their 1986 report:
The relics and material culture of the three saints buried at the site. The continuity of use and ownership of the site over the past 1000 years as a place of religious worship, learning and residence; The site's role as a political statement of Norman power imposed upon a subjugate nation, as one of the country's most powerful symbols of the Norman Conquest of Britain; The importance of the site's archaeological remains, which are directly related to the site's history and continuity of use over the past 1000 years; The cultural and religious traditions and historical memories associated with the relics of St Cuthbert and the Venerable Bede, and with the continuity of use and ownership of the site over the past millennium.
In 1996, the Great Western Doorway was the setting for Bill Viola's large-scale video installation The Messenger, that was commissioned by Durham Cathedral.
At the beginning of this century two of the altars in the Nine Altars Chapel at the east end of the cathedral were re-dedicated to Saint Hild of Whitby and Saint Margaret of Scotland: a striking painting of Margaret (with her son, the future king David) by Paula Rego was dedicated in 2004. Nearby a plaque, first installed in 2011 and rededicated in 2017, commemorates the Scottish soldiers who died as prisoners in the cathedral after the Battle of Dunbar in 1650. The remains of some of these prisoners have now been identified in a mass grave uncoverered during building works in 2013 just outside the cathedral precinct near Palace Green.
In 2004 two wooden sculptures by Fenwick Lawson, Pietà and Tomb of Christ, were placed in the Nine Altars Chapel, and in 2010 a new stained glass window of the Transfiguration by Tom Denny was dedicated in memory of Michael Ramsey, former Bishop of Durham and Archbishop of Canterbury.
In 2016 former monastic buildings around the cloister, including the Monks' Dormitory and Prior's Kitchen, were re-opened to the public as Open Treasure, an extensive exhibition displaying the cathedral's history and possessions.
In November 2009 the cathedral featured in the Lumiere festival whose highlight was the "Crown of Light" illumination of the North Front of the cathedral with a 15-minute presentation that told the story of Lindisfarne and the foundation of cathedral, using illustrations and text from the Lindisfarne Gospels. The Lumiere festival was repeated in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2017.
Durham Priory held many manuscripts; in the 21st century, steps were under way to digitise the books, originating from the 6th to the 16th century. The project was being undertaken in a partnership by Durham University and Durham Cathedral.
The cathedral church and the cloister is open to visitors during certain hours each day, unless it is closed for a special event. In 2017 a new "Open Treasure" exhibition area opened featuring the 8th-century wooden coffin of Saint Cuthbert, his gold and garnet pectoral cross, a portable altar and an ivory comb. This exhibition was continuing as of October 2019. In that month, a new exhibit was added, Mapping the World, featuring books, maps and drawings and from the archives, scheduled to run until 18 January 2020.
Features
LMS/BR 10000–10001
Technical Data, Fleet List
10100 ‘The Fell’
Technical Data, Fleet List, Equipment
SR/BR 10201–10203
Technical Data, Fleet List
10800 ‘Hawk’
Technical Data, Fleet List
18000
Technical Data, Equipment
18100 - E1000 - E2001
Technical Data, Fleet List
Equipment
Prototypes in the Modern Era
Prototypes ‘On the Road’
Prototypes for the Modeller
Rail Mart - reviews of modern traction goods
Features
Wall Finish
Living/Dining/Bed Rooms:Painted in pleasing shades of Acrylic Emulsion Paint
Servant's Room : Painted in Oil Bound Distemper
External Facade : Combination Of Stone & Textured Paint Finish
Flooring
Living / Dining / Bedroom: Vitrified Tile / Laminated Wooden Floor with Wooden Skirting
Balcony : Anti Skid Ceramic Tiles
Terrace on roof : Anti Skid Ceramic Tiles
Kitchen
Flooring : Anti Skid Ceramic Tiles
Dado: Ceramic Tiles Above Working Platform, Rest Acrylic Emulsion Paint
Platform : Granite Counter with Double Bowl Stainless Steel Sink with Drain Board and Geyser
Toilets
Dado: Selected Ceramic Tiles
Flooring : Ceramic Tiles / Granite / Marble
Fittings : Granite / Marble Granite / Marble Counter, White Sanitary Fixtures, Single Lever CP Fittings & Geyser
Doors & Windows
Windows: UPVC or equivalent
Doors : Teak Veneer with Melamine finish
Facilities
Electricals: Anchor Rider Crabtree Athena ( All 6 Amp. Switches. Sockets. Plates and 16 Amp. wherever Necessary) 3KVA for 2BR/ 5KVA for 3BR/ 7KVA for 4 BR
24-hr power backup
External Areas
Fountains
Water bodies in Green Area
Kids Theme Park
jogging and Walking track
Sitting areas
Club
Conference Hall
Gym
Billiards Room
Card Room & all common Facilities
Shopping
daily need sho
The gas-strut operated entry door eliminates those cheap plastic door clips that can break or tear out.
Interesting hillside garden with year-round features
Charming Emmetts Garden is an Edwardian estate that was owned by Frederic Lubbock, becoming both a plantsman's passion and a much-loved family home.
The garden was laid out in the late 19th century, and was nfluenced by William Robinson.It contains many exotic and rare trees and shrubs from across the world.
Standing on one of the highest spots in Kent, Emmetts Garden offers panormaic views over the unspoilt Weald as well as some great walking opportunities.
When you visit, you can explore the rose and rock gardens, take in the views and enjoy shows of spring flowers and shrubs, followed by vibrant autumn colours.
Features from a bound volume of Australian Women's Budget Magazine, dated July-December 1913. Read more on the blog: chronicallysiobhan.wordpress.com/2016/12/07/a-glimpse-int...
Features Of Zorrosms application
Ability to change the sender phone number.
As : Numbers.e.g.12345678911
As : Alphabets.e.g.SantaClaus
As : Invisibl
As: Images or Symbols
Ability to to change Caller id.
As : Private number
As : Another numbers.e.g.12345678911
Use the App.without the need for GPRS-internet servicein your mobile
Multilingualism: where you can changethe App.lang to any lang you want
Supports all lang of the world.write amessage in the language you want.
List of all country codes. To facilitateinternational Calls and SMS.
The application is compatible with alltypes of mobile phones.
All phone models support receivingmessages and call from the App.
Supports all the communications networksof local and international.
Direct access to the phonebook forselecting the receiver.
Characterized by rapid technology tosend messages and to make .calls.
Separate screen for editing the SMSmessages with a character counter.
Fund to save sent messages and dialledcall.
Fund to Save and send messages at alater time.
A list of help and instructions in theapplication.
Flexible interface & effect for menus &buttons of the Application * Is easy touse
Note
Application does not need to recharge or buy recharge cards
All you need is to install the application on your cell phone and use it
Want to play tricks on your friends?
Send them messages that appear to have come from their own phone number or from their girlfriends'
For More Info
Indoor Waterfall Water Feature Fountain - Features / Waterfalls / Fountains
Indoor waterfalls dramatically improve ambiance by bringing the sights and sounds of a modern waterfall into your home or office. The sound of indoor fountains are associated with beautiful nature settings, peaceful vacations and meditative tranquility. An indoor waterfall can provide many health benefits as well. The flow of water captures airborne particles and dust from the air. The slow evaporation of water releases beneficial negative ions into the air and acts as a natural humidifier. For more sensitive environments or healthcare settings we offer a line of indoor fountains incorporating specialized precautions against bacteria and microorganisms. These options include Saniguard coatings, ultraviolet light sterilization systems and reverse osmosis systems.
The name Ranelagh applies to many geographical features. The stretch of road joining Sandford Road (which begins at the corner of Anna Villa) to Ranelagh Road (which begins at the railway bridge) is known as Ranelagh or Ranelagh Village. The whole surrounding area is also popularly known as Ranelagh, stretching from Charlemont Bridge on the Grand Canal at the northern end of Ranelagh Road down to the junction with Milltown Road at the southern end of Sandford Road, and from Leeson Street to the East towards Rathmines to the West. At the centre of Ranelagh is "Ranelagh Triangle", semi-officially "the Angle", which is the junction of Ranelagh Village and Charleston Road at Field's Terrace. Nearby restaurant "Tribeca" references these geographical features (i.e., Tri-angle Be-low Ca-nal). To the North of the Triangle is the "Hill Area" of Ranelagh, which was the scene of Lee Dunne's novel, "Goodbye to the Hill". Ranelagh contains many fine Victorian streets such as those surrounding Mount Pleasant Square.
The townlands of Ranelagh North and Ranelagh South are in the civil parish of St. Peter's and in the barony of Uppercross. They are bounded on the north by Harcourt Road and Adelaide Road, on the east by Sussex Road and an old irregular boundary from there to Chelmsford Road, on the south by Chelmsford Road, Ranelagh Village, Charleston Road, Oakley Road and Dunville Avenue, and on the west by Beechwood Park, Belgrave Square East, Mountpleasant Avenue Upper, Bessborough Parade, Rathmines Road Lower and Richmond Street South.
The area popularly known today as Ranelagh also includes parts of the adjoining townlands of Cullenswood, Sallymount and Milltown.
Outdoor Garden Water Feature Fountain - Features / Fountains
Garden fountains are beautiful outdoor water accents. Outdoor fountains are used in public parks, gardens, yards, patios and decks. The most traditional design is a tiered waterfall with multiple levels where the water cascades down many levels of stone. A garden fountain is very dramatic and has a high degree of water noise and motion due to the water becoming airborne and crashing into the lower level pool below. The water finds it's way into the pool at the bottom and is taken back to the top again by a powerful water pump to begin it's journey anew. Some famous artists and sculptors have created garden water features which add life and elegance to their sculptures. Today craftsmen and increased knowledge have made available garden fountains for private residences.
Indoor Wall Water Fountain Feature - Features / Fountains
Add ambiance to any room with beautiful indoor wall fountains. We currently have many styles to choose from in a wide variety of frame materials and waterfall face choices. Our skilled artesians are adept at metal fabrication. The metals available for the frames on your water wall have been chosen for attractiveness, durability and ease of fabrication. The most common metals used are copper and stainless steel. The unique marbled or patina finish is applied to the copper of the indoor wall sculptures one piece at a time. A clear coating is then applied to the metal to give it a high gloss finish as well as to protect the copper from naturally developing a green patina over time. On some of our most recent water wall models we will even go further and apply custom artwork or custom patina shading to the metal making your wall sculpture a true piece of unique art.
Indoor Waterfall Water Feature Fountain - Features / Waterfalls / Fountains
Indoor waterfalls dramatically improve ambiance by bringing the sights and sounds of a modern waterfall into your home or office. The sound of indoor fountains are associated with beautiful nature settings, peaceful vacations and meditative tranquility. An indoor waterfall can provide many health benefits as well. The flow of water captures airborne particles and dust from the air. The slow evaporation of water releases beneficial negative ions into the air and acts as a natural humidifier. For more sensitive environments or healthcare settings we offer a line of indoor fountains incorporating specialized precautions against bacteria and microorganisms. These options include Saniguard coatings, ultraviolet light sterilization systems and reverse osmosis systems.
The Ramesseum also features a mural of the Battle of Kadesh. In this conflict, Ramesses fought on chariot far away from home, in Kadesh, modern-day Syria. When Ramesses arrived with a contingent of his forces, he unexpectedly ran into a much larger Hittitie army, which nearly enveloped him. Unlike Darius, who would be personally assaulted by Alexander, Ramesses did not flee. Rather, he rallied his troops and demonstrated considerable personal bravery. Later, when his generals arrived with additional troops, Ramses was able to bring the conflict to a stalemate as the Hittite armies, though still much larger found themselves out flanked.
This battle is perhaps best-known for its epic outcome: the first peace treaty recorded in human history. The treaty was concluded between the Hittite and Egyptian empires after the ca.1274 BC Battle of Kadesh depicted in this Ramesseum figure.
The battle took place in what is modern-day Syria, the entire Levant being at that time contested between the two empires. After an extremely costly four-day battle, in which neither side gained a substantial advantage, both sides claimed victory. The lack of resolution led to further conflict between Egypt and the Hittites with Ramesses II capturing the city of Kadesh and Amurru in his 8th Year.[1] However, the prospect of further protracted conflict between the two states eventually persuaded both their rulers, Hatusiliš III and Ramesses to end their dispute and sign a peace treaty. Both sides could not afford the possibility of a longer conflict since they were threatened by other enemies: Egypt was faced with the task of defending her long western border with Libya against the incursion of Libyan tribesmen by building a chain of fortresses stretching from Mersa Matruh to Rakotis while the Hittites faced a more formidable threat in the form of the Assyrian Empire which "had conquered Hanigalbat, the heartland of Mitanni, between the Tigris and the Euphrates" rivers that had previously been a Hittite vassal state.
SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - OCTOBER 16: Choi "Zeus" Woo-je of T1 at the League of Legends World Championship 2023 Swiss Features Day on October 16, 2023 in Seoul, South Korea. (Photo by Lee Aiksoon/Riot Games)
All the archaeological features are surveyed in so their exact position in relationship to the rest of the site and the proposed development is known.
Find out more about the Charles Street excavation in Dorchester.
Indoor Waterfall Water Feature Fountain - Features / Waterfalls / Fountains
Indoor waterfalls dramatically improve ambiance by bringing the sights and sounds of a modern waterfall into your home or office. The sound of indoor fountains are associated with beautiful nature settings, peaceful vacations and meditative tranquility. An indoor waterfall can provide many health benefits as well. The flow of water captures airborne particles and dust from the air. The slow evaporation of water releases beneficial negative ions into the air and acts as a natural humidifier. For more sensitive environments or healthcare settings we offer a line of indoor fountains incorporating specialized precautions against bacteria and microorganisms. These options include Saniguard coatings, ultraviolet light sterilization systems and reverse osmosis systems.
The building, whose masonry consists of brick and stone, features a central Greek Cross plan, and is surmounted by a dome. An esonarthex and an exonarthex (added much later) in the west side, and a sanctuary (where was placed the reconstructed mihrab) in the east side belong to it too. An upper gallery over the esonarthex, following the same plan of the one existing in the Church of the Pantokrator, has been removed in 1854. Also the north and south aisles along the nave were destroyed, possibly during the nineteenth century too. The tall triple arches connecting the aisles with the nave are now the lower windows of the church.
In Kalenderhane are present also the two small chapels named prothesis and diakonikon, typical of the Byzantine churches of the middle and late period. The decoration of the church, consisting of beautiful colored marble panels and moldings, and of elaborated icon frames, is largely still extant.
The building possessed also two features which both represent an unicum in Istanbul: a mosaic, one meter square, representing the "Presentation of Christ", which is the only pre-iconoclastic exemplar of religious subject surviving in the city, and a cycle of frescoes of the thirteenth century (found in a chapel at the southeast corner of the building, and painted during the Latin domination) portraying the life of Saint Francis of Assisi. This is the oldest known representation of the Saint. Both have now been detached and partially restored, and can be seen in the Archaeological Museum of Istanbul.
As a whole, the mosque of Kalenderhane represents – together with the Gül Mosque in Istanbul, the Church of Hagia Sophia in Thessaloniki and the church of the Dormition (Koimesis) in Iznik, one of the main architectural examples of a domed Greek cross church from the Byzantine middle period.
Pakoras on a rainy afternoon? French fries to go with your sandwiches? Fried chicken or potatoes every other day. Now you can enjoy everything without fear. And let the kids devour them too, without worrying about the extra oil. Fried food is the ultimate comfort food, and thanks to Fryo, it’s back on the menu.
Now with a single switch, turn your Robocook into an AIR FRYER. Wanna know how? Fix your Fryo air-fryer lid on top of the Robocok automatic pressure cooker. And TADA ! Make yummy mouth-watering dishes.
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Features/Out with his camera... You Tube's PETER OAKLEY the 81 year old pensioner from Derbyshire. Story Jane Fryer. Pix Brian Bould
(C) Peter Oakley for askgeriatric.com, all rights reserved, used by permission.
The mural features a girl picking berries in a tangle of vines. We don't see her face, but rather the back of her head and her hand as it holds a berry. The entire surface surrounding her is taken up by the foliage, in shades of blue and green, with contrasts of red and black. I like to depict organic forms, mainly plants, in my murals; I use them to play with scale on large walls, shrinking the viewer down and making humble plants into giant, towering masses. I want my murals to mimic the feeling one gets when standing in a vast forest or other green space and being in awe of the depth and power, but also incredible beauty and sense of calm, intrinsic to nature.
Red Rock Canyon State Park features scenic desert cliffs, buttes and spectacular rock formations. The park is located where the southernmost tip of the Sierra Nevada converge with the El Paso Range. Each tributary canyon is unique, with dramatic shapes and vivid colors.
Historically, the area was once home to the Kawaiisu Indians, who left petroglyphs in the El Paso mountains and other evidence of their inhabitation. The spectacular gash situated at the western edge of the El Paso mountain range was on the Native American trade route for thousands of years. During the early 1870s, the colorful rock formations in the park served as landmarks for 20-mule team freight wagons that stopped for water. About 1850, it was used by the footsore survivors of the famous Death Valley trek including members of the Arcane and Bennett families along with some of the Illinois Jayhawkers. The park now protects significant paleontology sites and the remains of 1890s-era mining operations, and has been the site for a number of movies.
After wet winters, the park's floral displays are stunning. The beauty of the desert, combined with the geologic features make this park a camper's favorite destination. Wildlife you may encounter includes roadrunners, hawks, lizards, mice and squirrels.
Note: These images were taken with the Samsung S22 Ultra, which I have since returned because I find the images over-processed, but I'm posting them as a review of that device