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SAO PAULO, BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 10: Kirill "Cloud" Nehozhin of Giants poses during the VALORANT Champions Tour 2023: LOCK//IN features day on February 10, 2023 in Sao Paulo, Brazil. (Photo by Lance Skundrich/Riot Games)
The Emperor's Mosque (or Careva Džamija in Bosnian and Hünkâr Camii in Turkish) is an important landmark in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, being the first mosque to be built (1457) after the Ottoman conquest of Bosnia. It is the largest single-subdome mosque in Bosnia and Herzegovina, built in the classical Ottoman style of the era.
It was built by one Isaković-Hranušić who dedicated it to the Sultan, Mehmed the Conqueror, the conqueror of Constantinople. Considered one of the most beautiful mosques of the Ottoman period in the Balkans, the mosque features a roomy interior and high quality decorative details, such as the mihrab.
Information from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor%27s_Mosque
Sarajevo (or Сарајево in Cyrillic Serbo-Croatian) is the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of roughly 275,000 in its administrative limits. The Sarajevo metropolitan area, including Sarajevo Canton, East Sarajevo and nearby municipalities, is home to around 555,000 inhabitants. Nestled within the greater Sarajevo valley of Bosnia, it is surrounded by the Dinaric Alps and situated along the Miljacka River in the heart of the Balkans.
Sarajevo is the political, financial, social and cultural center of Bosnia and Herzegovina and a prominent center of culture in the Balkans, with region-wide influence in entertainment, media, fashion and the arts. It was considered a great center of culture, while a part of the former Yugoslavia.
Due to its long, rich and prosperous history of religious and cultural diversity, Sarajevo is sometimes called the "Jerusalem of Europe" or "Jerusalem of the Balkans." It is one of only a few major European cities to have a mosque, Catholic church, Orthodox church and synagogue within the same neighborhood. A regional center in education, the city is home to the Balkans’ first institution of tertiary education in the form of an Islamic madrasa, today part of the University of Sarajevo.
Although settlement in the area stretches back to prehistoric times, the modern city arose as an Ottoman stronghold in the 15th century. Sarajevo has attracted international attention several times throughout its history. In 1885, Sarajevo was the first city in Europe and the second city in the world to have a full-time electric tram network running through the city, following San Francisco. In 1914, it was the site of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria by local "Young Bosnia" activist Gavrilo Princip that sparked World War I, which also ended Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and resulted in the creation of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Later, after World War II, the establishment of the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina within the Second Yugoslavia led to a massive expansion of Sarajevo, then the constituent republic's capital, which culminated with the hosting of the 1984 Winter Olympics marking a prosperous era for the city. However, after the start of the Yugoslav Wars, for 1,425 days, from April 1992 to February 1996, the city suffered the longest siege of a capital city in the history of modern warfare, during the Bosnian War and the breakup of Yugoslavia.
Sarajevo has been undergoing post-war reconstruction, and is the fastest growing city in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Information from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarajevo
Water features, seating areas, and sculptures--all in a tropical plant setting; changing seasonal floral displays and special events; educational programs where children can learn the importance of plants; special workshops and lecture series for adults; the perfect place to host your event--small weddings, receptions, business meetings; a gift store for that special gift. Free admission the third Wednesday of every month, 3pm-7pm.
SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - OCTOBER 16: T1 at the League of Legends World Championship 2023 Swiss Features Day on October 16, 2023 in Seoul, South Korea. (Photo by Lee Aiksoon/Riot Games)
The geothermal areas of Yellowstone include several geyser basins in Yellowstone National Park as well as other geothermal features such as hot springs, mud pots, and fumaroles. The number of thermal features in Yellowstone is estimated at 10,000. A study that was completed in 2011 found that a total of 1,283 geysers have erupted in Yellowstone, 465 of which are active during an average year. These are distributed among nine geyser basins, with a few geysers found in smaller thermal areas throughout the Park. The number of geysers in each geyser basin are as follows: Upper Geyser Basin (410), Midway Geyser Basin (59), Lower Geyser Basin (283), Norris Geyser Basin (193), West Thumb Geyser Basin (84), Gibbon Geyser Basin (24), Lone Star Geyser Basin (21), Shoshone Geyser Basin (107), Heart Lake Geyser Basin (69), other areas (33). Although famous large geysers like Old Faithful are part of the total, most of Yellowstone's geysers are small, erupting to only a foot or two. The hydrothermal system that supplies the geysers with hot water sits within an ancient active caldera. Many of the thermal features in Yellowstone build up sinter, geyserite, or travertine deposits around and within them.
The various geyser basins are located where rainwater and snowmelt can percolate into the ground, get indirectly superheated by the underlying Yellowstone hotspot, and then erupt at the surface as geysers, hot springs, and fumaroles. Thus flat-bottomed valleys between ancient lava flows and glacial moraines are where most of the large geothermal areas are located. Smaller geothermal areas can be found where fault lines reach the surface, in places along the circular fracture zone around the caldera, and at the base of slopes that collect excess groundwater. Due to the Yellowstone Plateau's high elevation the average boiling temperature at Yellowstone's geyser basins is 199 °F (93 °C). When properly confined and close to the surface it can periodically release some of the built-up pressure in eruptions of hot water and steam that can reach up to 390 feet (120 m) into the air (see Steamboat Geyser, the world's tallest geyser). Water erupting from Yellowstone's geysers is superheated above that boiling point to an average of 204 °F (95.5 °C) as it leaves the vent. The water cools significantly while airborne and is no longer scalding hot by the time it strikes the ground, nearby boardwalks, or even spectators. Because of the high temperatures of the water in the features it is important that spectators remain on the boardwalks and designated trails. Several deaths have occurred in the park as a result of falls into hot springs.
Prehistoric Native American artifacts have been found at Mammoth Hot Springs and other geothermal areas in Yellowstone. Some accounts state that the early people used hot water from the geothermal features for bathing and cooking. In the 19th century Father Pierre-Jean De Smet reported that natives he interviewed thought that geyser eruptions were "the result of combat between the infernal spirits". The Lewis and Clark Expedition traveled north of the Yellowstone area in 1806. Local natives that they came upon seldom dared to enter what we now know is the caldera because of frequent loud noises that sounded like thunder and the belief that the spirits that possessed the area did not like human intrusion into their realm. The first white man known to travel into the caldera and see the geothermal features was John Colter, who had left the Lewis and Clark Expedition. He described what he saw as "hot spring brimstone". Beaver trapper Joseph Meek recounted in 1830 that the steam rising from the various geyser basins reminded him of smoke coming from industrial smokestacks on a cold winter morning in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In the 1850s famed trapper Jim Bridger called it "the place where Hell bubbled up".
The heat that drives geothermal activity in the Yellowstone area comes from brine (salty water) that is 1.5–3 miles (7,900–15,800 ft; 2,400–4,800 m) below the surface. This is actually below the solid volcanic rock and sediment that extends to a depth of 3,000 to 6,000 feet (900 to 1,800 m) and is inside the hot but mostly solid part of the pluton that contains Yellowstone's magma chamber. At that depth the brine is superheated to temperatures that exceed 400 °F (204 °C) but is able to remain a liquid because it is under great pressure (like a huge pressure cooker).
Convection of the churning brine and conduction from surrounding rock transfers heat to an overlaying layer of fresh groundwater. Movement of the two liquids is facilitated by the highly fractured and porous nature of the rocks under the Yellowstone Plateau. Some silica is dissolved from the fractured rhyolite into the hot water as it travels through the fractured rock. Part of this hard mineral is later redeposited on the walls of the cracks and fissures to make a nearly pressure-tight system. Silica precipitates at the surface to form either geyserite or sinter, creating the massive geyser cones, the scalloped edges of hot springs, and the seemingly barren landscape of geyser basins.
There are at least five types of geothermal features found at Yellowstone:
Fumaroles: Fumaroles, or steam vents, are the hottest hydrothermal features in the park. They have so little water that it all flashes into steam before reaching the surface. At places like Roaring Mountain, the result is loud hissing of steam and gases.
Geysers: Geysers such as Old Faithful are a type of geothermal feature that periodically erupt scalding hot water. Increased pressure exerted by the enormous weight of the overlying rock and water prevents deeper water from boiling. As the hot water rises it is under less pressure and steam bubbles form. They, in turn, expand on their ascent until the bubbles are too big and numerous to pass freely through constrictions. At a critical point the confined bubbles actually lift the water above, causing the geyser to splash or overflow. This decreases the pressure of the system and violent boiling results. Large quantities of water flash into tremendous amounts of steam that force a jet of water out of the vent: an eruption begins. Water (and heat) is expelled faster than the geyser's recharge rate, gradually decreasing the system's pressure and eventually ending the eruption.
Hot springs: Hot springs such as Grand Prismatic Spring are the most common hydrothermal features in the park. Their plumbing has no constrictions. Superheated water cools as it reaches the surface, sinks, and is replaced by hotter water from below. This circulation, called convection, prevents water from reaching the temperature needed to set off an eruption. Many hot springs give rise to streams of heated water.
Mudpots: Mudpots such as Fountain Paint Pots are acidic hot springs with a limited water supply. Some microorganisms use hydrogen sulfide (rotten egg smell), which rises from deep within the earth, as an energy source. They convert the gas into sulfuric acid, which breaks down rock into clay.
Travertine terraces: Travertine terraces, found at Mammoth Hot Springs, are formed from limestone (a rock type made of calcium carbonate). Thermal waters rise through the limestone, carrying high amounts of dissolved carbonate. Carbon dioxide is released at the surface and calcium carbonate deposited as travertine, the chalky white rock of the terraces. These features constantly and quickly change due to the rapid rate of deposition.
Geyser basins
The Norris Geyser Basin 44°43′43″N 110°42′16″W is the hottest geyser basin in the park and is located near the northwest edge of Yellowstone Caldera near Norris Junction and on the intersection of three major faults. The Norris-Mammoth Corridor is a fault that runs from Norris north through Mammoth to the Gardiner, Montana, area. The Hebgen Lake fault runs from northwest of West Yellowstone, Montana, to Norris. This fault experienced an earthquake in 1959 that measured 7.4 on the Richter scale (sources vary on exact magnitude between 7.1 and 7.8; see 1959 Hebgen Lake earthquake). Norris Geyser Basin is so hot and dynamic because these two faults intersect with the ring fracture zone that resulted from the creation of the Yellowstone Caldera of 640,000 years ago.
The Basin consists of three main areas: Porcelain Basin, Back Basin, and One Hundred Springs Plain. Unlike most of other geyser basins in the park, the waters from Norris are acidic rather than alkaline (for example, Echinus Geyser has a pH of ~3.5). The difference in pH allows for a different class of bacterial thermophiles to live at Norris, creating different color patterns in and around the Norris Basin waters.
The Ragged Hills that lie between Back Basin and One Hundred Springs Plain are thermally altered glacial kames. As glaciers receded the underlying thermal features began to express themselves once again, melting remnants of the ice and causing masses of debris to be dumped. These debris piles were then altered by steam and hot water flowing through them. Madison lies within the eroded stream channels cut through lava flows formed after the caldera eruption. The Gibbon Falls lies on the caldera boundary as does Virginia Cascades.
Algae on left bacteria on right at the intersection of flows from the Constant & Whirlgig Geysers at Norris Geyser Basin
The tallest active geyser in the world, Steamboat Geyser,[11] is located in Norris Basin. Unlike the slightly smaller but much more famous Old Faithful Geyser located in Upper Geyser Basin, Steamboat has an erratic and lengthy timetable between major eruptions. During major eruptions, which may be separated by intervals of more than a year (the longest recorded span between major eruptions was 50 years), Steamboat erupts over 300 feet (90 m) into the air. Steamboat does not lie dormant between eruptions, instead displaying minor eruptions of approximately 40 feet (12 m).
Norris Geyser Basin periodically undergoes a large-scale, basin-wide thermal disturbance lasting a few weeks. Water levels fluctuate, and temperatures, pH, colors, and eruptive patterns change throughout the basin. During a disturbance in 1985, Porkchop Geyser continually jetted steam and water; in 1989, the same geyser apparently clogged with silica and blew up, throwing rocks more than 200 feet (61 m). In 2003 a park ranger observed it bubbling heavily, the first such activity seen since 1991. Activity increased dramatically in mid-2003. Because of high ground temperatures and new features beside the trail much of Back Basin was closed until October. In 2004 the boardwalk was routed around the dangerous area and now leads behind Porkchop Geyser.
North of Norris, Roaring Mountain is a large, acidic hydrothermal area (solfatara) with many fumaroles. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the number, size, and power of the fumaroles were much greater than today. The fumaroles are most easily seen in the cooler, low-light conditions of morning and evening.
The Gibbon Geyser Basin 44°41′58″N 110°44′34″W includes several thermal areas in the vicinity of the Gibbon River between Gibbon Falls and Norris. The most accessible feature in the basin is Beryl Spring, with a small boardwalk right along the Grand Loop Road. Artists' Paintpots is a small hydrothermal area south of Norris Junction that includes colorful hot springs and two large mudpots.
The Monument Geyser Basin 44°41′03″N 110°45′14″W has no active geysers, but its 'monuments' are siliceous sinter deposits similar to the siliceous spires discovered on the floor of Yellowstone Lake. Scientists hypothesize that this basin's structures formed from a hot water system in a glacially dammed lake during the waning stages of the Pinedale Glaciation. The basin is on a ridge reached by a very steep one-mile (1.6 km) trail south of Artists' Paint Pots. Other areas of thermal activity in Gibbon Geyser Basin lie off-trail.
South of Norris along the rim of the caldera is the Upper Geyser Basin 44°27′52″N 110°49′45″W, which has the highest concentration of geothermal features in the park. This complement of features includes the most famous geyser in the park, Old Faithful Geyser, as well as four other predictable large geysers. One of these large geysers in the area is Castle Geyser which is about 1,400 feet (430 m) northwest of Old Faithful. Castle Geyser has an interval of approximately 13 hours between major eruptions, but is unpredictable after minor eruptions. The other three predictable geysers are Grand Geyser, Daisy Geyser, and Riverside Geyser. Biscuit Basin and Black Sand Basin are also within the boundaries of Upper Geyser Basin.
The hills surrounding Old Faithful and the Upper Geyser Basin are reminders of Quaternary rhyolitic lava flows. These flows, occurring long after the catastrophic eruption of 640,000 years ago, flowed across the landscape like stiff mounds of bread dough due to their high silica content.
Evidence of glacial activity is common, and it is one of the keys that allows geysers to exist. Glacier till deposits underlie the geyser basins providing storage areas for the water used in eruptions. Many landforms, such as Porcupine Hills north of Fountain Flats, are made up of glacial gravel and are reminders that 70,000 to 14,000 years ago, this area was buried under ice.
Signs of the forces of erosion can be seen everywhere, from runoff channels carved across the sinter in the geyser basins to the drainage created by the Firehole River. Mountain building is evident on the drive south of Old Faithful, toward Craig Pass. Here the Rocky Mountains reach a height of 8,262 feet (2,518 m), dividing the country into two distinct watersheds.
Midway Geyser Basin 44°31′04″N 110°49′56″W is much smaller than the other basins found alongside the Firehole River. Despite its small size, it contains two large features, the 200-by-300-foot-wide (60 by 90 m) Excelsior Geyser which pours over 4,000 U.S. gallons (15,000 L; 3,300 imp gal) per minute into the Firehole River. The largest hot spring in Yellowstone, the 370-foot-wide (110 m) and 121-foot-deep (37 m) Grand Prismatic Spring is found here. Also in the basin is Turquoise Pool and Opal Pool.
Lower Geyser Basin
Blue spring with steam rising from it; irregular blotches of red and orange residue are on the banks, along with dead tree trunks.
Silex Spring at Fountain Paint Pot
Farther north is the Lower Geyser Basin 44°32′58″N 110°50′09″W, which is the largest geyser basin in area, covering approximately 11 square miles. Due to its large size, it has a much less concentrated set of geothermal features, including Fountain Paint Pots. Fountain Paint Pots are mud pots, that is, a hot spring that contains boiling mud instead of water. The mud is produced by a higher acidity in the water which enables the spring to dissolve surrounding minerals to create an opaque, usually grey, mud. Also there is Firehole Spring, Celestine Pool, Leather Pool, Red Spouter, Jelly spring, and a number of fumaroles.
Geysers in Lower Geyser Basin include Great Fountain Geyser, whose eruptions reach 100 to 200 feet (30–61 m) in the air, while waves of water cascade down its sinter terraces., the Fountain group of Geysers (Clepsydra Geyser which erupts nearly continuously to heights of 45 feet (14 m), Fountain Geyser, Jelly Geyser, Jet Geyser, Morning Geyser, and Spasm Geyser), the Pink Cone group of geysers (Dilemma Geyser, Labial Geyser, Narcissus Geyser, Pink Geyser, and Pink Cone Geyser), the White Dome group of geysers (Crack Geyser, Gemini Geyser, Pebble Geyser, Rejuvenated Geyser, and White Dome Geyser), as well as Sizzler Geyser.
Clepsydra Geyser erupting. July 2019
Fountain Paint Pots
White Dome Geyser
West Thumb Geyser Basin
Several pools of blue water in ashen rock basin.
West Thumb Geyser Basin
Blackened basin with orange streaks; steam is rising from it with fir trees in the background.
Overflow areas of Silex springs
The West Thumb Geyser Basin 44°25′07″N 110°34′23″W, including Potts Basin to the north, is the largest geyser basin on the shores of Yellowstone Lake. The heat source of the thermal features in this location is thought to be relatively close to the surface, only 10,000 feet (3,000 m) down. West Thumb is about the same size as another famous volcanic caldera, Crater Lake in Oregon, but much smaller than the great Yellowstone Caldera which last erupted about 640,000 years ago. West Thumb is a caldera within a caldera.
West Thumb was created approximately 162,000 years ago when a magma chamber bulged up under the surface of the earth and subsequently cracked it along ring fracture zones. This in turn released the enclosed magma as lava and caused the surface above the emptied magma chamber to collapse. Water later filled the collapsed area of the caldera, forming an extension of Yellowstone Lake. This created the source of heat and water that feed the West Thumb Geyser Basin today.
The thermal features at West Thumb are not only found on the lake shore, but extend under the surface of the lake as well. Several underwater hydrothermal features were discovered in the early 1990s and can be seen as slick spots or slight bulges in the summer. During the winter, the underwater thermal features are visible as melt holes in the icy surface of the lake. The surrounding ice can reach three feet (one yard) in thickness.
Perhaps the most famous hydrothermal feature at West Thumb is a geyser on the lake shore known as Fishing Cone. Walter Trumbull of the 1870 Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition described a unique event while a man was fishing adjacent to the cone: "...in swinging a trout ashore, it accidentally got off the hook and fell into the spring. For a moment it darted about with wonderful rapidity, as if seeking an outlet. Then it came to the top, dead, and literally boiled." Fishing Cone erupted frequently to the height of 40 feet (12 m) in 1919 and to lesser heights in 1939. One fisherman was badly burned in Fishing Cone in 1921. Fishing at the geyser is now prohibited.
Early visitors would arrive at West Thumb via stagecoach from the Old Faithful area. They had a choice of continuing on the stagecoach or boarding the steamship Zillah to continue the journey by water to Lake Hotel. The boat dock was located near the south end of the geyser basin near Lakeside Spring.
Backcountry Geyser Basins
The Heart Lake 44°18′00″N 110°30′56″W, Lone Star 44°24′50″N 110°49′04″W, and Shoshone Geyser Basins 44°21′16″N 110°47′57″W are located away from the road and require at least several miles of hiking to reach. These areas lack the boardwalks and other safety features of the developed areas. As falling into geothermal features can be fatal, it is usually advisable to visit these areas with an experienced guide or at the very least, travelers need to ensure they remain on well-marked trails.
The Heart Lake Geyser Basin contains several groups of geysers and deep blue hot springs near Heart Lake in the south-central portion of Yellowstone, southeast of most of the main geyser basins. Lying in the Snake River watershed east of Lewis Lake and south of Yellowstone Lake, Heart Lake was named sometime before 1871 for Hart Hunney, a hunter. Other explorers in the region incorrectly assumed that the lake's name was spelled 'heart' because of its shape. The Heart Lake Geyser Basin begins a couple miles from the lake and descends along Witch Creek to the lakeshore. Five groups of hydrothermal features comprise the basin, and all of them contain geysers, although some are dormant.
Between Shoshone Lake and Old Faithful is the Lone Star Geyser Basin, of which the primary feature is Lone Star Geyser, named for its isolation from the nearby geysers of the Upper Geyser Basin. The basin is reachable on foot or bicycle via a 3 mile road that is closed to vehicles.
The Shoshone Geyser Basin, reached by hiking or by boat, contains one of the highest concentrations of geysers in the world – more than 80 in an area 1,600 by 800 feet (490 by 240 m). Hot springs and mudpots dot the landscape between the geyser basin and Shoshone Lake.
Hot Spring Basin is located 15 miles (24 km) north-northeast of Fishing Bridge and has one of Yellowstone's largest collections of hot springs and fumaroles. The geothermal features there release large amounts of sulfur. This makes water from the springs so acidic that it has dissolved holes in the pants of people who sit on wet ground and causes mounds of sulfur three feet (1 m) high to develop around fumaroles. The very hot acidic water and steam have also created voids in the ground that are only covered by a thin crust.
Mammoth Hot Springs is a large complex of hot springs on a hill of travertine in Yellowstone National Park adjacent to Fort Yellowstone and the Mammoth Hot Springs Historic District. It was created over thousands of years as hot water from the spring cooled and deposited calcium carbonate (over two tons flow into Mammoth each day in a solution). Because of the huge amount of geothermal vents, travertine flourishes. Although these springs lie outside the caldera boundary, their energy has been attributed to the same magmatic system that fuels other Yellowstone geothermal areas.
The thermal features at Mud Volcano and Sulphur Caldron are primarily mud pots and fumaroles because the area is situated on a perched water system with little water available. Fumaroles or "steam vents" occur when the ground water boils away faster than it can be recharged. Also, the vapors are rich in sulfuric acid that leaches the rock, breaking it down into clay. Because no water washes away the acid or leached rock, it remains as sticky clay to form a mud pot. Hydrogen sulfide gas is present deep in the earth at Mud Volcano and is oxidized to sulfuric acid by microbial activity, which dissolves the surface soils to create pools and cones of clay and mud. Along with hydrogen sulfide, steam, carbon dioxide, and other gases explode through the layers of mud.
A series of shallow earthquakes associated with the volcanic activity in Yellowstone struck this area in 1978. Soil temperatures increased to nearly 200 °F (93 °C). The slope between Sizzling Basin and Mud Geyser, once covered with green grass and trees, became a barren landscape of fallen trees known as "the cooking hillside".
Yellowstone National Park is a national park located in the western United States, largely in the northwest corner of Wyoming and extending into Montana and Idaho. It was established by the 42nd U.S. Congress with the Yellowstone National Park Protection Act and signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant on March 1, 1872. Yellowstone was the first national park in the U.S. and is also widely held to be the first national park in the world. The park is known for its wildlife and its many geothermal features, especially the Old Faithful geyser, one of its most popular. While it represents many types of biomes, the subalpine forest is the most abundant. It is part of the South Central Rockies forests ecoregion.
While Native Americans have lived in the Yellowstone region for at least 11,000 years, aside from visits by mountain men during the early-to-mid-19th century, organized exploration did not begin until the late 1860s. Management and control of the park originally fell under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Department of the Interior, the first Secretary of the Interior to supervise the park being Columbus Delano. However, the U.S. Army was eventually commissioned to oversee the management of Yellowstone for 30 years between 1886 and 1916. In 1917, the administration of the park was transferred to the National Park Service, which had been created the previous year. Hundreds of structures have been built and are protected for their architectural and historical significance, and researchers have examined more than a thousand archaeological sites.
Yellowstone National Park spans an area of 3,468.4 sq mi (8,983 km2), comprising lakes, canyons, rivers, and mountain ranges. Yellowstone Lake is one of the largest high-elevation lakes in North America and is centered over the Yellowstone Caldera, the largest super volcano on the continent. The caldera is considered a dormant volcano. It has erupted with tremendous force several times in the last two million years. Well over half of the world's geysers and hydrothermal features are in Yellowstone, fueled by this ongoing volcanism. Lava flows and rocks from volcanic eruptions cover most of the land area of Yellowstone. The park is the centerpiece of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, the largest remaining nearly intact ecosystem in the Earth's northern temperate zone. In 1978, Yellowstone was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Hundreds of species of mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians have been documented, including several that are either endangered or threatened. The vast forests and grasslands also include unique species of plants. Yellowstone Park is the largest and most famous megafauna location in the contiguous United States. Grizzly bears, cougars, wolves, and free-ranging herds of bison and elk live in this park. The Yellowstone Park bison herd is the oldest and largest public bison herd in the United States. Forest fires occur in the park each year; in the large forest fires of 1988, nearly one-third of the park was burnt. Yellowstone has numerous recreational opportunities, including hiking, camping, boating, fishing, and sightseeing. Paved roads provide close access to the major geothermal areas as well as some of the lakes and waterfalls. During the winter, visitors often access the park by way of guided tours that use either snow coaches or snowmobiles.
Teton County is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 23,331. Its county seat is Jackson. Its west boundary line is also the Wyoming state boundary shared with Idaho and the southern tip of Montana. Teton County is part of the Jackson, WY-ID Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Teton County contains the Jackson Hole ski area, all of Grand Teton National Park, and 40.4% of Yellowstone National Park's total area, including over 96.6% of its water area (largely in Yellowstone Lake).
Wyoming is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It borders Montana to the north and northwest, South Dakota and Nebraska to the east, Idaho to the west, Utah to the southwest, and Colorado to the south. With a population of 576,851 in 2020, Wyoming is the least populous state despite being the 10th largest by area, with the second-lowest population density after Alaska. The state capital and most populous city is Cheyenne, which had an estimated population of 63,957 in 2018.
Wyoming's western half consists mostly of the ranges and rangelands of the Rocky Mountains; its eastern half consists of high-elevation prairie, and is referred to as the High Plains. Wyoming's climate is semi-arid in some parts and continental in others, making it drier and windier overall than other states, with greater temperature extremes. The federal government owns just under half of Wyoming's land, generally protecting it for public uses. The state ranks sixth in the amount of land—-and fifth in the proportion of its land—-that is owned by the federal government. Its federal lands include two national parks (Grand Teton and Yellowstone), two national recreation areas, two national monuments, and several national forests, as well as historic sites, fish hatcheries, and wildlife refuges.
Indigenous peoples inhabited the region for thousands of years. Historic and currently federally recognized tribes include the Arapaho, Crow, Lakota, and Shoshone. Part of the land that is now Wyoming came under American sovereignty via the Louisiana Purchase, part via the Oregon Treaty, and, lastly, via the Mexican Cession. With the opening of the Oregon Trail, the Mormon Trail, and the California Trail, vast numbers of pioneers travelled through parts of the state that had once been traversed mainly by fur trappers, and this spurred the establishment of forts, such as Fort Laramie, that today serve as population centers. The Transcontinental Railroad supplanted the wagon trails in 1867 with a route through southern Wyoming, bringing new settlers and the establishment of founding towns, including the state capital of Cheyenne. On March 27, 1890, Wyoming became the union's 44th state.
Farming and ranching, and the attendant range wars, feature prominently in the state's history. Today, Wyoming's economy is largely based on tourism and the extraction of minerals such as coal, natural gas, oil, and trona. Its agricultural commodities include barley, hay, livestock, sugar beets, wheat, and wool.
Wyoming was the first state to allow women the right to vote (not counting New Jersey, which had allowed it until 1807), and the right to assume elected office, as well as the first state to elect a female governor. In honor of this part of its history, its most common nickname is "The Equality State" and its official state motto is "Equal Rights". It is among the least religious states in the country, and is known for having a political culture that leans towards libertarian conservatism. The Republican presidential nominee has carried the state in every election since 1968.
Features include:
- Recessed hot tub
- Flagstone patio and a curved retaining wall
- Infratech infrared heaters
- Phantom motorized retractable screens
SAO PAULO, BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 11: Khalish "d4v41" Rusyaidee of Paper Rex poses during the VALORANT Champions Tour 2023: LOCK//IN features day on February 11, 2023 in Sao Paulo, Brazil. (Photo by Lance Skundrich/Riot Games)
Zeus of Hanwha Life Esports at the League of Legends Worlds 2025 Features Day on October 11, 2025 in Beijing, China. (Photo by Christina Oh/Riot Games)
This photo shows some of the surviving features of the earlier lives of this building, namely: the purple spangly pilasters; the cinema clock; and the bingo number board, on the left of the photo.
Designed by Leeds architect Fred Mitchell, the Regent Picture House on Torre Road seated 1,076 divided between stalls and circle. The cinema opened on 1st May 1916 with “Both Sides of Life and was popular from the beginning, despite being on an unmade road. It was owned by Leeds and District Picture Houses and by 1942 it seated 866 and was operated under the two-changes-weekly system.
It served as a cinema for 55 years until closing 29th May 1971 with Yul Brynner in "The Bounty Hunters" and was converted into a bingo hall. This removed the screen and a false ceiling was inserted but the relatively plain walls, divided by pillasters, remained, as did the flat fronted balcony of approximately ten rows.
Later still bingo ceased and the building is now a tile emporium, however very little has been altered inside - tile displays being arranged along every other step in the balcony.
This cinema has its name painted on the roof, visible in a photo in this set. This is a remnant from a publicity stunt in the 1930s when a plane, flying from the newly-opened Leeds-Bradford airport, performed stunts over the cinema and dispensed leaflets. Due to the difficulties of identifying the cinema in the densely packed area, the name of the cinema was painted on the roof to aid the pilot.
The cinema was badly damaged by fire in 1960 and re-opened in 1963.The manager at the time, Louis Mannix (who had also earlier managed the Beeston Picture House), personally visited every house in the area to introduce himself and make customers aware of the re-opening. Mr Mannix retired in 1970 and a year later the cinema became a bingo hall. (Preedy 2005)
Some of the remaining features from the cinema can be seen at UrbEx Forums at www.urbexforums.co.uk/showthread.php?t=499. This also shows a shot of the roof of the building from the outside with the name of the cinema painted on it.
Leodis only carries one picture of the back of the cinema, but it does have comments from users of the cinema with it at www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=1389&D....
Sources:
Cinema Treasures record: cinematreasures.org/theater/16295/
Robert E. Preedy (2005) Leeds Cinemas, Images of England Series, Tempus Publishing Ltd.
Robert E. Preedy (1994) Flicks: A picture album of cinemas in Leeds and Bradford. Publisher, R. E. Preedy
Secret Leeds Discussion Thread - Buildings and Structures, Leeds Lost Cinemas
BUSAN, SOUTH KOREA - MAY 18: Victor "Flakked" Lirola Tortosa of G2 Esports poses at the League of Legends - Mid-Season Invitational Rumble Features Day on May 18, 2022 in Busan, South Korea. (Photo by Lee Aiksoon/Riot Games)
Description: States the motto, 'Pari animo;' features a quartered shield with martlets, towers, a helmet, and a crest with a cannon mounted on a carriage. Unsigned.
Format: 1 print, col., 7 x 6 cm.
Source: Pratt Institute Libraries, Special Collections 55a (sc00640)
For inquiries regarding permissions and use fees, please contact: rightsandrepro.library@pratt.edu.
BUSAN, SOUTH KOREA - MAY 07: Kacper "Inspired" Stoma of Evil Geniuses poses at the League of Legends - Mid-Season Invitational Features Day on May 7, 2022 in Busan, South Korea. (Photo by Lee Aiksoon/Riot Games)
This sculptural beaded suncatcher features three hearts in gradually increasing sizes. I created this piece from steel wire (wire which has a much warmer, golden tone than is normally seen in steel) and an eclectic mixture of red glass beads. I've also used chain repurposed from a necklace, and a ring from a keyring (which I have passed through a flame to give it a similar golden colour to that of the wire and chain).
This suncatcher measures 25.5cm (10") long from the top of the hanging loop to the bottom of the largest heart, and 9.5cm (just under 4") at its widest part. It could be hung by a window to catch the sunlight, or in any plain corner of your home to add colour and a little quirky, handmade style.
Thank you for taking the time to view this piece.
This spectacular Giftset features a stunning redhead with some of the most exciting fashions and accessories to grace the Barbie Fashion Model Collection to date! Details include classic mix and match fashions in black and lavender, combined with exquisite golden jewellery, an adorable animal print purse, and a totally retro striped version of Barbie doll's Commuter Set hatbox. One look at Barbie doll's fiery red hair, those pouty lips and the classic fashions and collectors will surely be hooked!
Many custom features throughout this beautiful home. This home has just been updated with light tile and wood floors throughout the downstairs and fresh paint. This very functional floor plan with 3 bedrooms downstairs. There are two living areas downstairs plus study. The study can also be a 5th bedrooms if needed as it has a closet and full bathroom. There is a game room/theater upstairs along with one bedroom and bathroom. You’ll find a very nice master suite with large walk-in closet. The kitchen has open shelving and custom cabinetry. Between the kitchen and formal dining room is a beautiful pantry area. The patio has an outdoor fireplace and mature landscape. Tiff and zoysia grass makes for golf course look!
BERLIN, GERMANY - NOVEMBER 12: Consuelo "consu" Rivas of KRÃ Fem poses at the VALORANT Game Changers Championship 2022 Features Day on November 12, 2022 in Berlin, Germany. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)
Features:> 1/4″ Progressive Scan CMOS OV9712> H.264 dual-stream encoding> Max 25/30fps@720P(1280×720)> Day/Night(ICR), 2DNR, AWB, AGC, BLC> Multiple network monitoring: Web viewer, CMS> 2.8-12mm Varifocal Lens > Max. IR LEDs length 10-30 m
Package...
telephone.pascherenchine.com/products/onvif-720p-2-8-12mm...
Jan I van Polanen is depicted in a beautiful late 14th century armour: he is wearing the typical big pointed bascinet with an aventail and a coat-of-plates (or an early breastplate?) under his jupon. The Duchy of Brabant being a crossroad of Germanic and Latin influences can be noted too: the lack of complete plate defences on the arms and the elongated hauberk are typical German features by this date, while the total silhouette has got a French touch.
Compare this tomb with the contemporary monument of a knight of the Drakenborch family in Utrecht www.flickr.com/photos/roelipilami/1624421716/in/set-72157...
the elongation of the mail shirt is exactly the same!
The effigies of Jan and his first two wives were probably made after the second wife Machteld van Rotselaar died in 1366, and before 1372 when Jan drafted his will in which he already mentions the existence of the effigies.
Hotel Provincial
In a city distinguished internationally for the charm and hospitality of its venerable French Quarter, there exists a secluded, intimate hotel that offers its guests yet another dimension to the Vieux Carre experience. The Hotel Provincial, although conveniently located near all the desirable historic and tourist attractions of downtown New Orleans, also offers its visitors the serenity and unique style reserved for the private, residential section of the French Quarter.
Listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and locally owned by the Dupepe family since 1961, this hotel is valued as an architectural gem, and features modern amenities housed within a compound of meticulously restored historic structures. The beautifully appointed lobby area, lush tropical courtyards and carefully restored outbuildings offer the perfect place for enjoying a relaxing family vacation, planning a social or corporate event, or celebrating a memorable destination wedding.
Discover New Orleans hospitality at its finest at Hotel Provincial—a special place that successfully combines a welcoming family atmosphere with the amenities only an experienced, professional staff can offer.
•Address: 1020-1022 Chartres St.
•Significance Rating: Orange, unrated 20th century construction
•Building Type: Commercial
•Current Style: Modern / Faux Historical
•Square Number: 20
•National Landmark: No
•Primary/Secondary Use: Primary
•Easement: No
•Square: 20
•Lot Number: 22740
Property Info
•Vieux Carré Commission Evaluation: No change: orange. Provincial Motor Hotel (Nolan, Nolan and Nolan, original architects; Donald Zimmer, addition), constructed c. 1963 on the site of a c. 1903 ice house.
oOrange Portion of Building: Main Material: Masonry
Note: partially of Wood; Provincial Motor Hotel
•Dimensions (Dimensions run CCW)
oFrontage: 33' 4" 4'''
oSide 2: 63' 11" 0'''
oSide 3: 3' 2" 1'''
oSide 4: 63' 11" 3'''
oSide 5: 30' 1" 0'''
oSide 6: 127' 10" 6'''
Chain of Title
Last Update: Wednesday, October 1st 1980
•Wednesday, July 8th 1959
oRecord Source: COB
oVolume: 630
oPage: 285
oRecord Type: [sale?]
oAuthority: Brittmar P. Landry (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oFrom: French Market Ice Manufacturing Company of New Orleans, Limited
oTo: Provincial Motels, Inc.
•Wednesday, April 29th 1903
oRecord Source: COB
oVolume: 191
oPage: 321
oRecord Type: [sale?]
oAuthority: P. J. Patorno (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oFrom: Marie Ursule Soloy
oTo: French Market Ice Manufacturing Company of New Orleans, Limited
oBrief Description: Original Act: 3/75
•Tuesday, January 4th 1887
oRecord Source: COB
oVolume: 126
oPage: 994
oRecord Type: [sale?]
oAuthority: H. Fourcelle (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oFrom: Marie Anne Trope
oTo: Marie Ursule Soloy Guilhauma Francingues
•Wednesday, January 1st 1879
oRecord Source: Unknown
oRecord Type: succession
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oFrom: Pierre Noel Canton
oTo: Marie Ann Trope Canton
oBrief Description: Inherited. [No date given.]
•Monday, July 1st 1878
oRecord Source: COB
oVolume: 111
oPage: 581
oCourt#: 9160
oRecord Type: sheriff’s sale
oAuthority: 5th District Court (Court)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oFrom: Joseph Girod
oTo: Pierre Noel Canton
oBrief Description: From Joseph Giron in the suit of “Pierre Noel Canton vs. Joseph Girod.”
•Monday, July 12th 1852
oRecord Source: COB
oVolume: 58
oPage: 30
oRecord Type: survey
oAuthority: A. Mazureau (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oBrief Description: Original Act: 43/167 Survey-sketch by L. Pilie, dated July 2, 1852, annexed to this act.
•Monday, June 28th 1852
oRecord Source: COB
oVolume: 55
oPage: 696
oRecord Type: [sale?]
oAuthority: A. Mazureau (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oFrom: Pierre Laurans
oTo: Joseph Girod
oBrief Description: Original Act: 42/555A Pierre Laurans had three children: William Laurans, Mme. Louisa Laurans, wife of Auguste F. A. Garnier, and Mme. Marie Julie Adele Laurans, wife of Alphonse R. J. Martin Lavalle. The latter daughter died, but left two children: Marie J. A. Martin Lavalle, and Pierre Martin Lavalle. The two living children inherited one-third each of their father’s estate and the two grandchildren inherited each one-half of their deceased mother’s one-third. These same heirs were entitled to the same rights, and in the same proportion in the share and interest of their mother and grandmother, Mme. Julie Beauvais Laurans, wife of Pierre Laurans, by virtue of the donation inter vivos made by her to them by an act passed before Philibert L. Turguet and Philippe A. Beaufeu, Paris Notaries, August 31, 1846.
•Friday, January 19th 1838
oRecord Source: Original Act
oVolume: 63
oPage: 32
oRecord Type: partition
oAuthority: Hortence Hortence T. Hershberg (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Friday, January 19th 1838
oAgent/Single Party Act/Other: Jean Roques Marie Adeline Prudhomme Julie Beauvais Pierre Laurans
oBrief Description: Act of Partition between Mme. Julie Beauvais, wife of/and Pierre Laurans, and Mme. Marie Adeline Prudhomme, wife of/and Jean Roques. With the two houses constructed thereon. There has been constructed, according to this act, a party wall fixing the limits of the properties partitioned which had belonged to Pierre Laurans and his wife Julie Beauvais, and to Jean Roques and his wife, Marie Adeline Prudhomme, to whom the whole of the property partitioned in this act had belonged, one undivided half to each husband and wife. By this act Jean Roques and wife become sole owners of the property fronting on Levee Street, and Pierre Laurans and his wife become sole owners of this property fronting on Conde (Chartres) Street. Plan annexed to this act.
•Tuesday, April 5th 1831
oRecord Source: Original Act
oVolume: 14
oPage: 302
oRecord Type: survey
oAuthority: Hortence Hortence T. Hershberg (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Tuesday, April 5th 1831
oBrief Description: Excellent survey-sketch by L. Pilie, dated March 23, 1831, annexed to this act. Includes Lots No. 22739 and 22740-B. Note: Here this lot becomes part of a larger portion of land running the depth of the entire square from Chartres to Decatur streets, comprising present-day Lots NO. 22740, 22740-B, 22739, 22727, 22723, 22724, 22725 and 22726.
•Monday, January 5th 1829
oRecord Source: Original Act
oVolume: 6
oPage: 14
oRecord Type: [sale?]
oAuthority: Hortence Hortence T. Hershberg (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Monday, January 5th 1829
oRelated Lot: a) 22727
oRel. Lot Note: a) (interior lot)
oFrom: Angelique Pauline Carrick; Adeline Segond
oTo: Jean Roques; Pierre Laurans
oBrief Description: A lot of ground, on Levee Street, opposite in one part to the steam water works and the vegetable market, between St. Philip and Ursuline streets, having frontage on one side on Levee Street, and on the other side fronting on Conde (Chartres) Street, measuring F.M. 90' 2" front on Levee Street, keeping this width for a depth of 177' 10" on the line separating it from the lot belonging to l’Eveche, then widening 1' on the same side on the line that separates it from the property of J. Marcos and the Nuns of the Ursuline Convent, and measuring 165' as far as Conde (Chartres) Street, with a front footage on Conde Street measuring 94' 4" and maintaining this width for a depth of 60' on a line separating it from the property of Soniat Dufossat extending as far as the limits of Mr. Gillet’s property, then closing 3' and continuing this way for 282' 4" along the line that separates the property of Soniat Dufossat and that of Gillet as far as Levee Street; said lot of ground has from one street to the other 342' 10" depth on the line bordering that of l’Eveche, Marcos, and the Ursuline Nuns (Ursuline Street side) and 342' 4" on the line bordering the Widow Visosos, Mr. Cyprien Gros, R. Otero, Blineau, the Succession of Gayarre, Gillet, and Soniat Dufossat. With all buildings thereon constructed. Note: Excellent plan of the whole square, showing ownership as of this date and clearly delineating the area and footage of this lot, drawn by Joseph Pilie, dated December 24, 1827, annexed to this act. “The lot and buildings presently sold belong to the vendors in the following manner: To Mme. Angelique Pauline Carrick, wife of Andrew Lockhart, a portion measuring 32' 3" front on Conde Street by 123' in depth, bounded on one side by the property of the Ursuline Nuns and on the other side by the property of the Widow Carrick, as making part of the payment of the lot that had been constituted by her mother Mme. Carrick, has ascribed access on the rights of heritage in the Succession of the late James Carrick, her father, given to her before his death, thus it belongs to the contract of marriage passed between the said Mme. Lockhart and Andrew Lockhart, before Marc Lafitte, Notary, December 22, 1823, in which marriage contract it had been stipulated by the contracting parties, Article 3, that it would be allowed the future wife, with the authority of her future husband, and the said future husband with the consent of the said future wife, to sell and alienate the properties given in the said contract to the future wife to the tile of the dotal settlement, even as all other that will belong to them in the future with all personal responsibility, who accepts the responsibility. To Mme. Widow Carrick the remainder of the lot and buildings presently described and sold belong, as being part of the goods belonging to the Succession of James Carrick, her late husband, which she inherited jointly with her daughter, Mme. Lockhart, and a small portion of 3' 3" front on Chartres Street by 64' of depth, A.M., by means of the acquisition she made from Mme. Rosalie Segund, widow of Pierre Sauve. Mr. James Carrick had become proprietor of the whole of said lot of ground and buildings, with the exception of the 3' previously mentioned, by means of an acquisition which he had made during his lifetime of M. Elias Beauregard.”
•Thursday, September 27th 1827
oRecord Source: Unknown
oRecord Type: [sale?]
oAuthority: Hortence Hortence T. Hershberg (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oFrom: Rosalie Segond
oTo: Adelaide Segond
oBrief Description: Refers to the small strip of land measuring 3' 3" × 64'. A lot measuring, A.M., 3' 3" front on Conde (Chartres) Street by 64' of depth, bounded on one side by property of the purchaser and on the other side by property of Joseph Soniat Dufossat. This property belonged to Mme. Sauve, in common with her children, by virtue of the Succession of her husband, Pierre Sauve, who, during his lifetime, acquired it with a larger lot of ground.
•Saturday, August 3rd 1822
oRecord Source: Court
oRecord Type: succession
oAuthority: Probate Court (Court)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oFrom: Pierre Sauve
oTo: Rosalie Segond Sauve
oBrief Description: Refers to the small strip of land measuring 3' 3" × 64'. Inherited from the Succession of her husband.
•Tuesday, April 20th 1819
oRecord Source: Original Act
oVolume: 17
oPage: 222
oRecord Type: succession; sale
oAuthority: M. de Armas (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Tuesday, April 20th 1819
oFrom: Lancelot Pearson
oTo: Pierre Sauve
oBrief Description: Refers to the small strip of land measuring 3' 3" × 64'.
•Tuesday, May 7th 1811
oRecord Source: Unknown
oRecord Type: [sale?]
oAuthority: Narcisse Broutin (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oFrom: Simon Ducournau
oTo: Lancelot Pearson
oBrief Description: Refers to the small strip of land measuring 3' 3" × 64'. Lot forming the corner of St. Philip and Conde streets, the whole of which tract is bounded by the property of M. Launda [sic] on one side and by the property of the Succession of James Carrick on the other, on which lot is a principal house and two small houses of brick between posts, and with other buildings in the courtyard.
•Monday, December 19th 1808
oRecord Source: Original Act
oPage: 524
oRecord Type: [sale?]
oAuthority: Narcisse Broutin (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Monday, December 19th 1808
oFrom: Edmond Forstall; Edouard Forstall
oTo: Simon Ducournau
oBrief Description: Refers to the small strip of land measuring 3' 3" × 64'.
•Monday, December 19th 1808
oRecord Source: Original Act
oPage: 523
oRecord Type: [sale?]
oAuthority: Narcisse Broutin (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Monday, December 19th 1808
oFrom: Jeanne Darby
oTo: Edmond Forstall Edouard Forstall
oBrief Description: Refers to the small strip of land measuring 3' 3" × 64'. A lot of ground at the corner of Conde and St. Philip streets, bounded by properties of Larionda and heirs to James Carrick, with a principal house and two smaller houses constructed of brick between posts, also other buildings in the courtyard.
•Thursday, January 1st 1807
oRecord Source: Unknown
oRecord Type: succession
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oFrom: Jean de la Villebeuvre
oTo: Jeanne Darby de la Villebeuvre
oBrief Description: Refers to the small strip of land measuring 3' 3" × 64'. Inherited from the Succession of her husband.
•Friday, June 27th 1800
oRecord Source: Original Act
oVolume: 37
oPage: 416
oRecord Type: [sale?]
oAuthority: Pierre Pedesclaux (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Friday, June 27th 1800
oFrom: Elias Beauregard
oTo: Santiago Carrick
oBrief Description: “Lot of ground measuring 89' to 90' in front, all the way to the back, bounded on one side by the property of His Majesty, and on the other by the property of the Widow Visoso. The property belongs to Elias Beauregard by means of an inheritance from the Succession of his mother, Dona Magdaline Cartier.”
•Tuesday, January 1st 1799
oRecord Source: Unknown
oRecord Type: succession
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oFrom: Magdalina Cartier
oTo: Elias Beauregard
oBrief Description: Inherited from the Succession of his mother. [No date given.]
•Wednesday, February 22nd 1775
oRecord Source: Unknown
oRecord Type: [sale?]
oAuthority: Juan B. Garic (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oAgent/Single Party Act/Other: Antonio Beauregard
oBrief Description: Neighboring reference, related to Lot No. 22741, states that this property, as part of a larger lot, belonged to Antonio Beauregard. Note: A break occurs here in the record. However, the following continues the chain with two more transactions.
•Wednesday, February 22nd 1775
oRecord Source: Original Act
oRecord Type: [sale?]
oAuthority: Juan B. Garic (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Wednesday, February 22nd 1775
oFrom: Theresa Gallard
oTo: Jean de la Villebeuvre
oBrief Description: Refers to the small strip of land measuring 3' 3" × 64'. One house and lot situated at a corner of Chartres and St. Philip, with other buildings, bounded on one side by property of Mrs. Cecilio Odorundo and on the other by that of Antonio Beauregard.
•Wednesday, September 16th 1772
oRecord Source: Original Act
oPage: 258
oRecord Type: sale
oPrice: $104.00<Pesos
oAuthority: Andres Almonester (Notary)
oAuthority Date: Wednesday, September 16th 1772
oFrom: Augustin Macarty
oTo: Henrique Desprez
oBrief Description: A lot situated on Conde (Chartres) Street, measuring 90' front by 150' of depth, bounded by the house owned by Madame Granpre and by lot owned by the King. Mr. Macarty acquired this lot at a public auction held by the creditors of Claudio Joseph Villars of his properties on March 12 of this year, and sells it mortgage free at a price of 104 pesos.
•Thursday, March 12th 1772
oRecord Source: Unknown
oRecord Type: auction sale
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oFrom: Claudio Joseph Villars
oTo: Augustin Macarty
oBrief Description: Public sale held by the creditors of Claudio Joseph Villars.
•Monday, January 1st 1731
oRecord Source: Map
oRecord Type: land grant
oAuthority: Gonichon Map (Map)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oAgent/Single Party Act/Other: Company of the West/Company of the Indies
oBrief Description: Lot No. 38 granted to the Company.
•Monday, January 1st 1731
oRecord Source: Map
oRecord Type: [land grant and/or sale and/or succession]
oAuthority: Gonichon Map (Map)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oAgent/Single Party Act/Other: Trudot
oBrief Description: Refers to the small strip of land measuring 3' 3" × 64'. Lot No. 39 granted to Sieur Trudot.
•Thursday, January 1st 1728
oRecord Source: Map
oRecord Type: vacant
oAuthority: Broutin Map (Map)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oBrief Description: Unassigned.
•Thursday, January 1st 1728
oRecord Source: Map
oRecord Type: [land grant and/or sale and/or succession]
oAuthority: Broutin Map (Map)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oAgent/Single Party Act/Other: Trudeau
oBrief Description: Refers to the small strip of land measuring 3' 3" × 64'. Lot No. 46 granted to Sieur Trudeau.
•Thursday, January 1st 1722
oRecord Source: Map
oRecord Type: land grant
oAuthority: de la Tour Map (Map)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oAgent/Single Party Act/Other: La Loire
oBrief Description: Lot No. 4 granted to Sieur La Loire.
•Thursday, January 1st 1722
oRecord Source: Map
oRecord Type: [land grant and/or sale and/or succession]
oAuthority: de la Tour Map (Map)
oAuthority Date: Not Given
oAgent/Single Party Act/Other: Massy Trudeau
oBrief Description: Refers to the small strip of land measuring 3' 3" × 64'. Lot No. 6 granted to Mr. Massy. “I believe they were not held by Mr. Massy, he not having given ___ on the frontage.” Marginal note: “Granted to the Sieur Trudeau in replacement of the No. 00 which was taken to build a warehouse.”
Citations (Specific to this address)
“NOTICE. FELIX, Ladies Hair dresser…Ladies wishing to have their hair dressed at his house, will please apply to his wife to appoint the hour. The price is two dollars. He also informs that he cuts gentlemen’s hair for a dollar at their houses, and 50¢ at his shop…he lives in Mme. Carrick’s house Conde Street opposite Mr. Moreau’s…”
—Source: Louisiana Courier Date: Wednesday, December 11th 1816
“Fire…6:30, November 5…French Market Ice Manufacturing Company, 1024 Chartres Street…damage chiefly to the building and equipment was estimated at $200,000…fire started in the 3rd floor of the building which is about 30 feet in the rear of the street facing a courtyard…explosions of crude oil storage tank and an ammonia tank…the only two modern buildings in the square are the French Market Branch of the Whitney Bank and the La Stella Manufacturing Company, corner of St. Philip and Chartres.”
—Source: Times-Picayune, p. 1, c. 1 Date: Sunday, November 6th 1927
SAO PAULO, BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 19: Alexandre "xand" Zizi of KRU Esports poses during the VALORANT Champions Tour 2023: LOCK//IN features day on February 19, 2023 in Sao Paulo, Brazil. (Photo by Lance Skundrich/Riot Games)
This pullover features a playful wintry colorwork sequence in the yoke followed by some easy stripes. It's worked top-down, seamlessly, including the pocket and the collar. Sizing in unisex, so that you and your man can be matchy during that upcoming ski vacation :) Shown in Plucky Knitter Scholar 2.0
Sculpture by the Sea - Bondi Beach to Tamarama.
Sydney, NSW, Australia.
The annual 3 week exhibition features around 100 sculptures by artists from all over the world.
The sculptures are located along the scenic walk between Bondi Beach & Tamarama.
It would be hard to find a more spectacular location for this free public art event.
David Handley started this annual art event back in 1996, with the first actual exhibition in 1997.
In the early 90’s he was living in Prague & was inspired by an outdoor sculpture event in northern Bohemia.
Handley had a vision for a major free outdoor public arts event in Sydney.
In the early years the exhibition was run on a shoestring, but its grown gradually with more sponsors getting involved & the prize money on offer for artists also becoming more substantial.
Around 25,000 people visited the exhibition in the early days & the numbers have steadily grown over the years.
Recently, as many as 500,000 people attended this event with it now becoming a major tourist attraction on the Sydney calendar.
Light Painting @ Sculptures.
I drove down from the Blue Mtns twice to do some light painting at Sculptures.
Light painting is becoming more popular these days and there was a bunch of photographers running around the sculptures at night.
Only a couple of years ago there were very few people out at night and you basically had the place to yourself.
Still, shooting at night is one of the only ways to get ‘clean shots’ of the sculptures and not have to deal with crowds.
I also made it down for a sunrise shoot with the FOCUS group and was amazed at how many photographers were there to greet the sun.
Photographing at night is a bit of a challenge as its hard to see, so tricky to frame images & get good focus.
Also, some sculptures don’t really suit night photography for various reasons, especially bright metallic ones that reflect a lot of light.
Some sculptures are just at their best during daylight, so part of the challenge is to choose the right subjects to shoot.
The best time of day to light paint is at blue hour, when there’s still some colour in the sky.
Shooting at this hour makes it possible to capture some stars using high ISO or even some cloud movement.
That limits how many sculptures its possible to light paint in one evening as blue hour is over quickly.
Basically, you need it to be dark enough to allow for a minimum shutterspeed of about 30secs to give you time to paint the scene.
When its completely dark, the results are not as attractive though still can be interesting.
Light Painting is a bit of an art & it usually takes several attempts to get it spot on, assuming you want to capture it all in a single image.
Another approach is to light parts of the scene in each frame & combine the results in Photoshop using layers & masks.
Also, working with a group can certainly have its benefits and allow for more creative compositions.
No two attempts at light painting a scene are ever exactly the same & this is one of the interesting aspects of this type of photography.
Its a creative process & very much experimental with a lot of trial & error.
I was armed with my 200 lumen LED Lenser P7 torch, Mag-lite torch (for warmer light), and a Streamlight Stylus for delicate work.
Also brought my Yongnuo YN568EX speedlight for off-camera flash work and some Lee coloured gels to enhance colours during light painting.
I had four different coloured lengths of el-wire & a large & powerful Brinkmann spotlight for illuminating large sculptures or even the landscape.
Let there be light!!
LONDON, ENGLAND - APRIL 29: Pedro Luis "Lyonz" Peralta of Rainbow7 at the League of Legends - Mid-Season Invitational Features Day on April 29, 2023 in London, England. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)
LONDON, ENGLAND - APRIL 29: Nguyen "Zin" Tho of GAM Esports at the League of Legends - Mid-Season Invitational Features Day on April 29, 2023 in London, England. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)
BERLIN, GERMANY - NOVEMBER 12: G2 Gozen poses at the VALORANT Game Changers Championship 2022 Features Day on November 12, 2022 in Berlin, Germany. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)
Hotel Lobby
The Steigenberger Hotel Usedom opened its doors end of May 2011 and is one of the latest additions to the Steigenberger group. The hotel offers 120 rooms and suites 40 luxurious studios and 2 villas in a prime location just off the beach and on the promenade of Heringsdorf - one of the so-called Kaiserbäder, i.e. one of the most popular holiday destinations on Baltic Sea island Usedom.
Contrary to most properties on the island, this Usedom hotel does not feature a traditional style. Instead it represents a cool, maritime chic which according to Steigenberger follows the tradition of European Spas but also reminds of the U.S. Hamptons and Cape Cod style. - And it works.
The 2000 sqm Baltic Sea Grand Spa Usedom features an heated outdoor pool with direct access to the indoor relaxation pool, a sauna area with 3 saunas, a steam bath, solarium, 15 treatment rooms as well as a private SpaSuite. There are also 4 conference rooms and a fine-dining restaurant, bistro and more.
The Steigenberger group is one of the largest and best-known German hotel groups with 35 Steigenberger-branded properties in Germany and several in Austria, Switzerland, The Netherlands and Egypt. InterCityHotel is another, less luxurious brand of the Steigenberger group.
It features an unusual steeple referred to as a Rhenish helm roof, or rhomboid spire. It is one of six similar churches known as Rhineland helmets built in Nova Scotia between 1877 and 1887, either under the direction of Rev Simon Gibbons (1853-1896) or inspired by him.
Simon Thomas Gibbons was an Inuit-European native of Newfoundland and Canada's first Inuit priest. Two were in Cape Breton, three in Parrsboro, the sixth here in Jordan Falls, built while Gibbons was stationed in nearby Lockeport. Of the six, four remain standing.
LONDON, ENGLAND - APRIL 29: Rainbow7 at the League of Legends - Mid-Season Invitational Features Day on April 29, 2023 in London, England. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)
The Roman Baths complex is a site of historical interest in the English city of Bath. The house is a well-preserved Roman site for public bathing. The Roman Baths themselves are below the modern street level. There are four main features: the Sacred Spring, the Roman Temple, the Roman Bath House and the Museum holding finds from Roman Bath.
The buildings above street level date from the 19th century.The Baths are a major tourist attraction and, together with the Grand Pump Room, receive more than one million visitors a year, with 1,037,518 people during 2009. It was featured on the 2005 TV program Seven Natural Wonders as one of the wonders of the West Country. Visitors can see the Baths and Museum but cannot enter the water. An audio guide is available in several languages.
The first shrine at the site of the hot springs was built by Celts and was dedicated to the goddess Sulis, whom the Romans identified with Minerva. Geoffrey of Monmouth in his largely fictional Historia Regum Britanniae describes how in 836 BC the spring was discovered by the British king Bladud who built the first baths. Early in the eighteenth century Geoffrey's obscure legend was given great prominence as a royal endorsement of the waters' qualities, with the embellishment that the spring had cured Bladud and his herd of pigs of leprosy through wallowing in the warm mud.
The name Sulis continued to be used after the Roman invasion, leading to the town's Roman name of Aquae Sulis (literally, "the waters of Sulis"). The temple was constructed in 60-70 AD and the bathing complex was gradually built up over the next 300 years. During the Roman occupation of Britain, and possibly on the instructions of Emperor Claudius, engineers drove oak piles to provide a stable foundation into the mud and surrounded the spring with an irregular stone chamber lined with lead. In the second century it was enclosed within a wooden barrel-vaulted building and included the caldarium (hot bath), tepidarium (warm bath), and frigidarium (cold bath). After the Roman withdrawal from Britain in the first decade of the fifth century, these fell into disrepair and were eventually lost due to silting up and flooding. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle suggests the original Roman baths were destroyed in the 6th century.
About 130 curse tablets have been found. Many of the curses related to thefts of clothes whilst the victim was bathing. This collection is the most important found in Britain. (Excerpted from Wikipedia)
The geothermal areas of Yellowstone include several geyser basins in Yellowstone National Park as well as other geothermal features such as hot springs, mud pots, and fumaroles. The number of thermal features in Yellowstone is estimated at 10,000. A study that was completed in 2011 found that a total of 1,283 geysers have erupted in Yellowstone, 465 of which are active during an average year. These are distributed among nine geyser basins, with a few geysers found in smaller thermal areas throughout the Park. The number of geysers in each geyser basin are as follows: Upper Geyser Basin (410), Midway Geyser Basin (59), Lower Geyser Basin (283), Norris Geyser Basin (193), West Thumb Geyser Basin (84), Gibbon Geyser Basin (24), Lone Star Geyser Basin (21), Shoshone Geyser Basin (107), Heart Lake Geyser Basin (69), other areas (33). Although famous large geysers like Old Faithful are part of the total, most of Yellowstone's geysers are small, erupting to only a foot or two. The hydrothermal system that supplies the geysers with hot water sits within an ancient active caldera. Many of the thermal features in Yellowstone build up sinter, geyserite, or travertine deposits around and within them.
The various geyser basins are located where rainwater and snowmelt can percolate into the ground, get indirectly superheated by the underlying Yellowstone hotspot, and then erupt at the surface as geysers, hot springs, and fumaroles. Thus flat-bottomed valleys between ancient lava flows and glacial moraines are where most of the large geothermal areas are located. Smaller geothermal areas can be found where fault lines reach the surface, in places along the circular fracture zone around the caldera, and at the base of slopes that collect excess groundwater. Due to the Yellowstone Plateau's high elevation the average boiling temperature at Yellowstone's geyser basins is 199 °F (93 °C). When properly confined and close to the surface it can periodically release some of the built-up pressure in eruptions of hot water and steam that can reach up to 390 feet (120 m) into the air (see Steamboat Geyser, the world's tallest geyser). Water erupting from Yellowstone's geysers is superheated above that boiling point to an average of 204 °F (95.5 °C) as it leaves the vent. The water cools significantly while airborne and is no longer scalding hot by the time it strikes the ground, nearby boardwalks, or even spectators. Because of the high temperatures of the water in the features it is important that spectators remain on the boardwalks and designated trails. Several deaths have occurred in the park as a result of falls into hot springs.
Prehistoric Native American artifacts have been found at Mammoth Hot Springs and other geothermal areas in Yellowstone. Some accounts state that the early people used hot water from the geothermal features for bathing and cooking. In the 19th century Father Pierre-Jean De Smet reported that natives he interviewed thought that geyser eruptions were "the result of combat between the infernal spirits". The Lewis and Clark Expedition traveled north of the Yellowstone area in 1806. Local natives that they came upon seldom dared to enter what we now know is the caldera because of frequent loud noises that sounded like thunder and the belief that the spirits that possessed the area did not like human intrusion into their realm. The first white man known to travel into the caldera and see the geothermal features was John Colter, who had left the Lewis and Clark Expedition. He described what he saw as "hot spring brimstone". Beaver trapper Joseph Meek recounted in 1830 that the steam rising from the various geyser basins reminded him of smoke coming from industrial smokestacks on a cold winter morning in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In the 1850s famed trapper Jim Bridger called it "the place where Hell bubbled up".
The heat that drives geothermal activity in the Yellowstone area comes from brine (salty water) that is 1.5–3 miles (7,900–15,800 ft; 2,400–4,800 m) below the surface. This is actually below the solid volcanic rock and sediment that extends to a depth of 3,000 to 6,000 feet (900 to 1,800 m) and is inside the hot but mostly solid part of the pluton that contains Yellowstone's magma chamber. At that depth the brine is superheated to temperatures that exceed 400 °F (204 °C) but is able to remain a liquid because it is under great pressure (like a huge pressure cooker).
Convection of the churning brine and conduction from surrounding rock transfers heat to an overlaying layer of fresh groundwater. Movement of the two liquids is facilitated by the highly fractured and porous nature of the rocks under the Yellowstone Plateau. Some silica is dissolved from the fractured rhyolite into the hot water as it travels through the fractured rock. Part of this hard mineral is later redeposited on the walls of the cracks and fissures to make a nearly pressure-tight system. Silica precipitates at the surface to form either geyserite or sinter, creating the massive geyser cones, the scalloped edges of hot springs, and the seemingly barren landscape of geyser basins.
There are at least five types of geothermal features found at Yellowstone:
Fumaroles: Fumaroles, or steam vents, are the hottest hydrothermal features in the park. They have so little water that it all flashes into steam before reaching the surface. At places like Roaring Mountain, the result is loud hissing of steam and gases.
Geysers: Geysers such as Old Faithful are a type of geothermal feature that periodically erupt scalding hot water. Increased pressure exerted by the enormous weight of the overlying rock and water prevents deeper water from boiling. As the hot water rises it is under less pressure and steam bubbles form. They, in turn, expand on their ascent until the bubbles are too big and numerous to pass freely through constrictions. At a critical point the confined bubbles actually lift the water above, causing the geyser to splash or overflow. This decreases the pressure of the system and violent boiling results. Large quantities of water flash into tremendous amounts of steam that force a jet of water out of the vent: an eruption begins. Water (and heat) is expelled faster than the geyser's recharge rate, gradually decreasing the system's pressure and eventually ending the eruption.
Hot springs: Hot springs such as Grand Prismatic Spring are the most common hydrothermal features in the park. Their plumbing has no constrictions. Superheated water cools as it reaches the surface, sinks, and is replaced by hotter water from below. This circulation, called convection, prevents water from reaching the temperature needed to set off an eruption. Many hot springs give rise to streams of heated water.
Mudpots: Mudpots such as Fountain Paint Pots are acidic hot springs with a limited water supply. Some microorganisms use hydrogen sulfide (rotten egg smell), which rises from deep within the earth, as an energy source. They convert the gas into sulfuric acid, which breaks down rock into clay.
Travertine terraces: Travertine terraces, found at Mammoth Hot Springs, are formed from limestone (a rock type made of calcium carbonate). Thermal waters rise through the limestone, carrying high amounts of dissolved carbonate. Carbon dioxide is released at the surface and calcium carbonate deposited as travertine, the chalky white rock of the terraces. These features constantly and quickly change due to the rapid rate of deposition.
Geyser basins
The Norris Geyser Basin 44°43′43″N 110°42′16″W is the hottest geyser basin in the park and is located near the northwest edge of Yellowstone Caldera near Norris Junction and on the intersection of three major faults. The Norris-Mammoth Corridor is a fault that runs from Norris north through Mammoth to the Gardiner, Montana, area. The Hebgen Lake fault runs from northwest of West Yellowstone, Montana, to Norris. This fault experienced an earthquake in 1959 that measured 7.4 on the Richter scale (sources vary on exact magnitude between 7.1 and 7.8; see 1959 Hebgen Lake earthquake). Norris Geyser Basin is so hot and dynamic because these two faults intersect with the ring fracture zone that resulted from the creation of the Yellowstone Caldera of 640,000 years ago.
The Basin consists of three main areas: Porcelain Basin, Back Basin, and One Hundred Springs Plain. Unlike most of other geyser basins in the park, the waters from Norris are acidic rather than alkaline (for example, Echinus Geyser has a pH of ~3.5). The difference in pH allows for a different class of bacterial thermophiles to live at Norris, creating different color patterns in and around the Norris Basin waters.
The Ragged Hills that lie between Back Basin and One Hundred Springs Plain are thermally altered glacial kames. As glaciers receded the underlying thermal features began to express themselves once again, melting remnants of the ice and causing masses of debris to be dumped. These debris piles were then altered by steam and hot water flowing through them. Madison lies within the eroded stream channels cut through lava flows formed after the caldera eruption. The Gibbon Falls lies on the caldera boundary as does Virginia Cascades.
Algae on left bacteria on right at the intersection of flows from the Constant & Whirlgig Geysers at Norris Geyser Basin
The tallest active geyser in the world, Steamboat Geyser,[11] is located in Norris Basin. Unlike the slightly smaller but much more famous Old Faithful Geyser located in Upper Geyser Basin, Steamboat has an erratic and lengthy timetable between major eruptions. During major eruptions, which may be separated by intervals of more than a year (the longest recorded span between major eruptions was 50 years), Steamboat erupts over 300 feet (90 m) into the air. Steamboat does not lie dormant between eruptions, instead displaying minor eruptions of approximately 40 feet (12 m).
Norris Geyser Basin periodically undergoes a large-scale, basin-wide thermal disturbance lasting a few weeks. Water levels fluctuate, and temperatures, pH, colors, and eruptive patterns change throughout the basin. During a disturbance in 1985, Porkchop Geyser continually jetted steam and water; in 1989, the same geyser apparently clogged with silica and blew up, throwing rocks more than 200 feet (61 m). In 2003 a park ranger observed it bubbling heavily, the first such activity seen since 1991. Activity increased dramatically in mid-2003. Because of high ground temperatures and new features beside the trail much of Back Basin was closed until October. In 2004 the boardwalk was routed around the dangerous area and now leads behind Porkchop Geyser.
North of Norris, Roaring Mountain is a large, acidic hydrothermal area (solfatara) with many fumaroles. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the number, size, and power of the fumaroles were much greater than today. The fumaroles are most easily seen in the cooler, low-light conditions of morning and evening.
The Gibbon Geyser Basin 44°41′58″N 110°44′34″W includes several thermal areas in the vicinity of the Gibbon River between Gibbon Falls and Norris. The most accessible feature in the basin is Beryl Spring, with a small boardwalk right along the Grand Loop Road. Artists' Paintpots is a small hydrothermal area south of Norris Junction that includes colorful hot springs and two large mudpots.
The Monument Geyser Basin 44°41′03″N 110°45′14″W has no active geysers, but its 'monuments' are siliceous sinter deposits similar to the siliceous spires discovered on the floor of Yellowstone Lake. Scientists hypothesize that this basin's structures formed from a hot water system in a glacially dammed lake during the waning stages of the Pinedale Glaciation. The basin is on a ridge reached by a very steep one-mile (1.6 km) trail south of Artists' Paint Pots. Other areas of thermal activity in Gibbon Geyser Basin lie off-trail.
South of Norris along the rim of the caldera is the Upper Geyser Basin 44°27′52″N 110°49′45″W, which has the highest concentration of geothermal features in the park. This complement of features includes the most famous geyser in the park, Old Faithful Geyser, as well as four other predictable large geysers. One of these large geysers in the area is Castle Geyser which is about 1,400 feet (430 m) northwest of Old Faithful. Castle Geyser has an interval of approximately 13 hours between major eruptions, but is unpredictable after minor eruptions. The other three predictable geysers are Grand Geyser, Daisy Geyser, and Riverside Geyser. Biscuit Basin and Black Sand Basin are also within the boundaries of Upper Geyser Basin.
The hills surrounding Old Faithful and the Upper Geyser Basin are reminders of Quaternary rhyolitic lava flows. These flows, occurring long after the catastrophic eruption of 640,000 years ago, flowed across the landscape like stiff mounds of bread dough due to their high silica content.
Evidence of glacial activity is common, and it is one of the keys that allows geysers to exist. Glacier till deposits underlie the geyser basins providing storage areas for the water used in eruptions. Many landforms, such as Porcupine Hills north of Fountain Flats, are made up of glacial gravel and are reminders that 70,000 to 14,000 years ago, this area was buried under ice.
Signs of the forces of erosion can be seen everywhere, from runoff channels carved across the sinter in the geyser basins to the drainage created by the Firehole River. Mountain building is evident on the drive south of Old Faithful, toward Craig Pass. Here the Rocky Mountains reach a height of 8,262 feet (2,518 m), dividing the country into two distinct watersheds.
Midway Geyser Basin 44°31′04″N 110°49′56″W is much smaller than the other basins found alongside the Firehole River. Despite its small size, it contains two large features, the 200-by-300-foot-wide (60 by 90 m) Excelsior Geyser which pours over 4,000 U.S. gallons (15,000 L; 3,300 imp gal) per minute into the Firehole River. The largest hot spring in Yellowstone, the 370-foot-wide (110 m) and 121-foot-deep (37 m) Grand Prismatic Spring is found here. Also in the basin is Turquoise Pool and Opal Pool.
Lower Geyser Basin
Blue spring with steam rising from it; irregular blotches of red and orange residue are on the banks, along with dead tree trunks.
Silex Spring at Fountain Paint Pot
Farther north is the Lower Geyser Basin 44°32′58″N 110°50′09″W, which is the largest geyser basin in area, covering approximately 11 square miles. Due to its large size, it has a much less concentrated set of geothermal features, including Fountain Paint Pots. Fountain Paint Pots are mud pots, that is, a hot spring that contains boiling mud instead of water. The mud is produced by a higher acidity in the water which enables the spring to dissolve surrounding minerals to create an opaque, usually grey, mud. Also there is Firehole Spring, Celestine Pool, Leather Pool, Red Spouter, Jelly spring, and a number of fumaroles.
Geysers in Lower Geyser Basin include Great Fountain Geyser, whose eruptions reach 100 to 200 feet (30–61 m) in the air, while waves of water cascade down its sinter terraces., the Fountain group of Geysers (Clepsydra Geyser which erupts nearly continuously to heights of 45 feet (14 m), Fountain Geyser, Jelly Geyser, Jet Geyser, Morning Geyser, and Spasm Geyser), the Pink Cone group of geysers (Dilemma Geyser, Labial Geyser, Narcissus Geyser, Pink Geyser, and Pink Cone Geyser), the White Dome group of geysers (Crack Geyser, Gemini Geyser, Pebble Geyser, Rejuvenated Geyser, and White Dome Geyser), as well as Sizzler Geyser.
Clepsydra Geyser erupting. July 2019
Fountain Paint Pots
White Dome Geyser
West Thumb Geyser Basin
Several pools of blue water in ashen rock basin.
West Thumb Geyser Basin
Blackened basin with orange streaks; steam is rising from it with fir trees in the background.
Overflow areas of Silex springs
The West Thumb Geyser Basin 44°25′07″N 110°34′23″W, including Potts Basin to the north, is the largest geyser basin on the shores of Yellowstone Lake. The heat source of the thermal features in this location is thought to be relatively close to the surface, only 10,000 feet (3,000 m) down. West Thumb is about the same size as another famous volcanic caldera, Crater Lake in Oregon, but much smaller than the great Yellowstone Caldera which last erupted about 640,000 years ago. West Thumb is a caldera within a caldera.
West Thumb was created approximately 162,000 years ago when a magma chamber bulged up under the surface of the earth and subsequently cracked it along ring fracture zones. This in turn released the enclosed magma as lava and caused the surface above the emptied magma chamber to collapse. Water later filled the collapsed area of the caldera, forming an extension of Yellowstone Lake. This created the source of heat and water that feed the West Thumb Geyser Basin today.
The thermal features at West Thumb are not only found on the lake shore, but extend under the surface of the lake as well. Several underwater hydrothermal features were discovered in the early 1990s and can be seen as slick spots or slight bulges in the summer. During the winter, the underwater thermal features are visible as melt holes in the icy surface of the lake. The surrounding ice can reach three feet (one yard) in thickness.
Perhaps the most famous hydrothermal feature at West Thumb is a geyser on the lake shore known as Fishing Cone. Walter Trumbull of the 1870 Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition described a unique event while a man was fishing adjacent to the cone: "...in swinging a trout ashore, it accidentally got off the hook and fell into the spring. For a moment it darted about with wonderful rapidity, as if seeking an outlet. Then it came to the top, dead, and literally boiled." Fishing Cone erupted frequently to the height of 40 feet (12 m) in 1919 and to lesser heights in 1939. One fisherman was badly burned in Fishing Cone in 1921. Fishing at the geyser is now prohibited.
Early visitors would arrive at West Thumb via stagecoach from the Old Faithful area. They had a choice of continuing on the stagecoach or boarding the steamship Zillah to continue the journey by water to Lake Hotel. The boat dock was located near the south end of the geyser basin near Lakeside Spring.
Backcountry Geyser Basins
The Heart Lake 44°18′00″N 110°30′56″W, Lone Star 44°24′50″N 110°49′04″W, and Shoshone Geyser Basins 44°21′16″N 110°47′57″W are located away from the road and require at least several miles of hiking to reach. These areas lack the boardwalks and other safety features of the developed areas. As falling into geothermal features can be fatal, it is usually advisable to visit these areas with an experienced guide or at the very least, travelers need to ensure they remain on well-marked trails.
The Heart Lake Geyser Basin contains several groups of geysers and deep blue hot springs near Heart Lake in the south-central portion of Yellowstone, southeast of most of the main geyser basins. Lying in the Snake River watershed east of Lewis Lake and south of Yellowstone Lake, Heart Lake was named sometime before 1871 for Hart Hunney, a hunter. Other explorers in the region incorrectly assumed that the lake's name was spelled 'heart' because of its shape. The Heart Lake Geyser Basin begins a couple miles from the lake and descends along Witch Creek to the lakeshore. Five groups of hydrothermal features comprise the basin, and all of them contain geysers, although some are dormant.
Between Shoshone Lake and Old Faithful is the Lone Star Geyser Basin, of which the primary feature is Lone Star Geyser, named for its isolation from the nearby geysers of the Upper Geyser Basin. The basin is reachable on foot or bicycle via a 3 mile road that is closed to vehicles.
The Shoshone Geyser Basin, reached by hiking or by boat, contains one of the highest concentrations of geysers in the world – more than 80 in an area 1,600 by 800 feet (490 by 240 m). Hot springs and mudpots dot the landscape between the geyser basin and Shoshone Lake.
Hot Spring Basin is located 15 miles (24 km) north-northeast of Fishing Bridge and has one of Yellowstone's largest collections of hot springs and fumaroles. The geothermal features there release large amounts of sulfur. This makes water from the springs so acidic that it has dissolved holes in the pants of people who sit on wet ground and causes mounds of sulfur three feet (1 m) high to develop around fumaroles. The very hot acidic water and steam have also created voids in the ground that are only covered by a thin crust.
Mammoth Hot Springs is a large complex of hot springs on a hill of travertine in Yellowstone National Park adjacent to Fort Yellowstone and the Mammoth Hot Springs Historic District. It was created over thousands of years as hot water from the spring cooled and deposited calcium carbonate (over two tons flow into Mammoth each day in a solution). Because of the huge amount of geothermal vents, travertine flourishes. Although these springs lie outside the caldera boundary, their energy has been attributed to the same magmatic system that fuels other Yellowstone geothermal areas.
The thermal features at Mud Volcano and Sulphur Caldron are primarily mud pots and fumaroles because the area is situated on a perched water system with little water available. Fumaroles or "steam vents" occur when the ground water boils away faster than it can be recharged. Also, the vapors are rich in sulfuric acid that leaches the rock, breaking it down into clay. Because no water washes away the acid or leached rock, it remains as sticky clay to form a mud pot. Hydrogen sulfide gas is present deep in the earth at Mud Volcano and is oxidized to sulfuric acid by microbial activity, which dissolves the surface soils to create pools and cones of clay and mud. Along with hydrogen sulfide, steam, carbon dioxide, and other gases explode through the layers of mud.
A series of shallow earthquakes associated with the volcanic activity in Yellowstone struck this area in 1978. Soil temperatures increased to nearly 200 °F (93 °C). The slope between Sizzling Basin and Mud Geyser, once covered with green grass and trees, became a barren landscape of fallen trees known as "the cooking hillside".
Yellowstone National Park is a national park located in the western United States, largely in the northwest corner of Wyoming and extending into Montana and Idaho. It was established by the 42nd U.S. Congress with the Yellowstone National Park Protection Act and signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant on March 1, 1872. Yellowstone was the first national park in the U.S. and is also widely held to be the first national park in the world. The park is known for its wildlife and its many geothermal features, especially the Old Faithful geyser, one of its most popular. While it represents many types of biomes, the subalpine forest is the most abundant. It is part of the South Central Rockies forests ecoregion.
While Native Americans have lived in the Yellowstone region for at least 11,000 years, aside from visits by mountain men during the early-to-mid-19th century, organized exploration did not begin until the late 1860s. Management and control of the park originally fell under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Department of the Interior, the first Secretary of the Interior to supervise the park being Columbus Delano. However, the U.S. Army was eventually commissioned to oversee the management of Yellowstone for 30 years between 1886 and 1916. In 1917, the administration of the park was transferred to the National Park Service, which had been created the previous year. Hundreds of structures have been built and are protected for their architectural and historical significance, and researchers have examined more than a thousand archaeological sites.
Yellowstone National Park spans an area of 3,468.4 sq mi (8,983 km2), comprising lakes, canyons, rivers, and mountain ranges. Yellowstone Lake is one of the largest high-elevation lakes in North America and is centered over the Yellowstone Caldera, the largest super volcano on the continent. The caldera is considered a dormant volcano. It has erupted with tremendous force several times in the last two million years. Well over half of the world's geysers and hydrothermal features are in Yellowstone, fueled by this ongoing volcanism. Lava flows and rocks from volcanic eruptions cover most of the land area of Yellowstone. The park is the centerpiece of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, the largest remaining nearly intact ecosystem in the Earth's northern temperate zone. In 1978, Yellowstone was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Hundreds of species of mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians have been documented, including several that are either endangered or threatened. The vast forests and grasslands also include unique species of plants. Yellowstone Park is the largest and most famous megafauna location in the contiguous United States. Grizzly bears, cougars, wolves, and free-ranging herds of bison and elk live in this park. The Yellowstone Park bison herd is the oldest and largest public bison herd in the United States. Forest fires occur in the park each year; in the large forest fires of 1988, nearly one-third of the park was burnt. Yellowstone has numerous recreational opportunities, including hiking, camping, boating, fishing, and sightseeing. Paved roads provide close access to the major geothermal areas as well as some of the lakes and waterfalls. During the winter, visitors often access the park by way of guided tours that use either snow coaches or snowmobiles.
Teton County is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 23,331. Its county seat is Jackson. Its west boundary line is also the Wyoming state boundary shared with Idaho and the southern tip of Montana. Teton County is part of the Jackson, WY-ID Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Teton County contains the Jackson Hole ski area, all of Grand Teton National Park, and 40.4% of Yellowstone National Park's total area, including over 96.6% of its water area (largely in Yellowstone Lake).
Wyoming is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It borders Montana to the north and northwest, South Dakota and Nebraska to the east, Idaho to the west, Utah to the southwest, and Colorado to the south. With a population of 576,851 in 2020, Wyoming is the least populous state despite being the 10th largest by area, with the second-lowest population density after Alaska. The state capital and most populous city is Cheyenne, which had an estimated population of 63,957 in 2018.
Wyoming's western half consists mostly of the ranges and rangelands of the Rocky Mountains; its eastern half consists of high-elevation prairie, and is referred to as the High Plains. Wyoming's climate is semi-arid in some parts and continental in others, making it drier and windier overall than other states, with greater temperature extremes. The federal government owns just under half of Wyoming's land, generally protecting it for public uses. The state ranks sixth in the amount of land—-and fifth in the proportion of its land—-that is owned by the federal government. Its federal lands include two national parks (Grand Teton and Yellowstone), two national recreation areas, two national monuments, and several national forests, as well as historic sites, fish hatcheries, and wildlife refuges.
Indigenous peoples inhabited the region for thousands of years. Historic and currently federally recognized tribes include the Arapaho, Crow, Lakota, and Shoshone. Part of the land that is now Wyoming came under American sovereignty via the Louisiana Purchase, part via the Oregon Treaty, and, lastly, via the Mexican Cession. With the opening of the Oregon Trail, the Mormon Trail, and the California Trail, vast numbers of pioneers travelled through parts of the state that had once been traversed mainly by fur trappers, and this spurred the establishment of forts, such as Fort Laramie, that today serve as population centers. The Transcontinental Railroad supplanted the wagon trails in 1867 with a route through southern Wyoming, bringing new settlers and the establishment of founding towns, including the state capital of Cheyenne. On March 27, 1890, Wyoming became the union's 44th state.
Farming and ranching, and the attendant range wars, feature prominently in the state's history. Today, Wyoming's economy is largely based on tourism and the extraction of minerals such as coal, natural gas, oil, and trona. Its agricultural commodities include barley, hay, livestock, sugar beets, wheat, and wool.
Wyoming was the first state to allow women the right to vote (not counting New Jersey, which had allowed it until 1807), and the right to assume elected office, as well as the first state to elect a female governor. In honor of this part of its history, its most common nickname is "The Equality State" and its official state motto is "Equal Rights". It is among the least religious states in the country, and is known for having a political culture that leans towards libertarian conservatism. The Republican presidential nominee has carried the state in every election since 1968.
Gumayusi of T1 at League of Legends Worlds 2025 Quarterfinal Features on October 27, 2025 in Shanghai, China. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)
Marine Corps team Jamie Sclater swims to gold in the 100 meter freestyle swimming finals at the Olympic Training Center in Colorado Springs, Colo. Sept. 30, 2014. (DoD News photo by EJ Hersom)
Many custom features throughout this beautiful home. This home has just been updated with light tile and wood floors throughout the downstairs and fresh paint. This very functional floor plan with 3 bedrooms downstairs. There are two living areas downstairs plus study. The study can also be a 5th bedrooms if needed as it has a closet and full bathroom. There is a game room/theater upstairs along with one bedroom and bathroom. You’ll find a very nice master suite with large walk-in closet. The kitchen has open shelving and custom cabinetry. Between the kitchen and formal dining room is a beautiful pantry area. The patio has an outdoor fireplace and mature landscape. Tiff and zoysia grass makes for golf course look!
BUSAN, SOUTH KOREA - MAY 08: Marcin "Jankos" Jankowski of G2 Esports poses at the League of Legends - Mid-Season Invitational Features Day on May 8, 2022 in Busan, South Korea. (Photo by Lee Aiksoon/Riot Games)
Hollywood Rip Ride Rockit is a steel roller coaster at Universal Studios Florida. This custom-designed attraction features an on-board sound system where you get to pick the soundtrack for the 3,800-foot (1,200 m) roller coaster track.
I went with disco and "I Will Survive." I was a little more concerned about getting in the car on a moving sidewalk and get the lap bar in place! According to the designers, the riders have about 45 seconds from the time they step onto the loading platform to be seated, lower the lap bar and make their music selection before the train is dispatched...It felt like a fast 45 seconds!
BERLIN, GERMANY - NOVEMBER 12: Michaela "mimi" Lintrup of G2 Gozen poses at the VALORANT Game Changers Championship 2022 Features Day on November 12, 2022 in Berlin, Germany. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)
Victorian gothic - this bib necklace features black lace on a purple cotton broadcloth background with a swarovski rivoli focal and a beaded edging that makes a lasting impression!
I created this bib necklace using cotton backed with fabric interfacing to give it a bit of stiffness. I then stitched on a black floral lace applique and embellished that with tapestry embroidery using mainly a chain stitch. Purple, pink and silver floss were used - the silver floss is a shiny metallic polyester thread that will not tarnish as there is no actual metal component in it. Clear glass foil lined seed bead embellishments accent the lace, and a diamond like swarovski crystal rivoli that I bezeled in peyote stitch using foil lined glass delica beads creates a focal point. The bib is backed in soft black suede leather and edged with tiny size 15 black rocaille beads in a brick stitch. The bottom edge has a net like edging in silver and black accented with tiny Swarovski bicones. At the longest center section, the accent crystal is a vintage aurora borealis crystal bead. Two silver plated rings are stitched on the back and black organza ribbon was looped through - there are two strands of ribbon on each side with plenty of length so that the necklace can be adjusted to either choker length or longer as desired.
LONDON, ENGLAND - APRIL 29: Huang "Husha" Zi-wei of PSG Talon at the League of Legends - Mid-Season Invitational Features Day on April 29, 2023 in London, England. (Photo by Colin Young-Wolff/Riot Games)
SAO PAULO, BRAZIL - FEBRUARY 10: Auni "AvovA" Chahade of Team Heretics poses during the VALORANT Champions Tour 2023: LOCK//IN features day on February 10, 2023 in Sao Paulo, Brazil. (Photo by Lance Skundrich/Riot Games)
I went on a solo make-shift First Day Hike in Rock Rock Canyon State Park
Red Rock Canyon State Park features scenic desert cliffs, buttes and spectacular rock formations. The park is located where the southernmost tip of the Sierra Nevada converge with the El Paso Range. Each tributary canyon is unique, with dramatic shapes and vivid colors.
Historically, the area was once home to the Kawaiisu Indians, who left petroglyphs in the El Paso mountains and other evidence of their inhabitation. The spectacular gash situated at the western edge of the El Paso mountain range was on the Native American trade route for thousands of years. During the early 1870s, the colorful rock formations in the park served as landmarks for 20-mule team freight wagons that stopped for water. About 1850, it was used by the footsore survivors of the famous Death Valley trek including members of the Arcane and Bennett families along with some of the Illinois Jayhawkers. The park now protects significant paleontology sites and the remains of 1890s-era mining operations, and has been the site for a number of movies.
After wet winters, the park's floral displays are stunning. The beauty of the desert, combined with the geologic features make this park a camper's favorite destination. Wildlife you may encounter includes roadrunners, hawks, lizards, mice and squirrels.
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"There are places that have a special indefinable magic about them and Altamont is abundantly one of them. It could be attributed to the glorious setting, with views from the appealing 300 year old house across an ornamental lake to woods with Lugnaquilla mountain in the distance. It could be beguiling features like a Sunset Field temple and One Hundred Steps climbing through a bluebell wood. And it could be something to do with the benign spirit of Corona North who gave the garden in trust to the Nation.
There are many pleasures to be discovered: the cloistered hush of a Nuns’ Walk through an aisle of beech trees carpeted with daffodils and cyclamen and the view framed by topiary peacocks and old roses of the lake reflecting clouds of rhododendron blooms. There is the irresistible invitation to follow the circular route round the lake, through the arboretum, swamp garden and on to the natural garden of an ice age glen leading to the River Slaney and back through the Sunset Field.
The history of the garden stretches back to the 1720s when the house was built by the St George family. Later the lake was dug out in the 1860s to give Famine relief work. In the 1920s Fielding Lecky Watson came to Altamont; he subscribed to plant hunting expeditions and the azaleas and rhododendrons around the lake were grown by him from seed. His daughter Corona North, an enthu-siastic and knowledgeable plantswoman, continued to plant develop the garden adding features like the Sunset Temple. On her death the garden, just as she had planned, was taken in charge by the heritage section of the Office of Public Works and, in commemoration, a spectacular double herbaceous border was created with plants donated by her many friends.
Today the border - stretching in graduated colour combinations, to a circular pond and gazebo - is the glory of the walled garden. The colour combinations move through blues yellows and mauves, with campanula, thalictrum, delphinium, nepeta and helianthus, and then on to red pinks and plums with dahlias, penstemons and cosmos.
Fans of the garden will find much as it was: the pond in front of the house with beds of dwarf conifers patrolled by silky hens and the spectacular displays of cornus bracts and the handkerchief tree by the lake. Happily the garden continues to develop, some of the gardeners had worked with Mrs North and knew her hopes for the garden. The mixed border on one side of the lawn has new herbaceous planting as she would have wished, there is a new shady walk, where some of the 40 different varieties of snow-drop are to be found, and an area for carefully labelled shade loving plants like hellebore varieties.
And, to round off the experience, many of the unusual plants grown in the garden have been propagated for sale. Make sure to bring walking shoes and leave room in the car for plant purchases".