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Original first Edition from Johannes Kepler, dedicated to the counsel of the imperial town of Ratisbon.
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Handbills produced by our Focus Group in 2000 during the closing of the Marlton Crossing Super Fresh across town. The one on the right was handed out at the Marlton Crossing store during their closing by members of the SF 463 Focus Group. Super Fresh 463 did survive 12 more years after this, after nearly 30 years in operation.
Belated birthday present from Mom: an impossibly old volume of Milton’s collected works. (Front matter says 1698, but I’m sure it’s not that old. Need to date it.)
Why must God exist?
There are only 2 basic options for the origin of the universe .... an uncaused, supernatural first cause of the universe OR an uncaused, natural first cause of the universe. If you categorically reject the former (as atheists do), you have no option but to accept the latter by default. It is an intellectually dishonest cop-out to say atheism is merely a lack of belief.
Atheists cannot simply deny and attack the concept of a supernatural first cause without justifying the only alternative. That is not intellectually credible or rational.
Firstly ...
We know that the universe has not always existed, we know it had a beginning and it is 'running down' from an original peak of energy potential at its beginning. The Second Law of Thermodynamics (law of entropy) confirms that. So we know the universe had an origin.
Secondly .....
What about matter itself?
Can matter have always existed? The simple answer is no.
Matter/energy and all natural entities and events are contingent, they rely on causes for everything. Because they are contingent they cannot be eternally self-existent or necessary entities. They do not contain within themselves the reason or cause of their own existence. As contingent entities, they are entirely reliant on that which causes and maintains them. They cannot exist or operate in any way without causes, Thus they must have had an original cause at some stage, even if the chain of causes and effects is very long, it had to have a beginning at some point.
A basic principle of the scientific method is that we can expect to find an adequate cause for every natural occurrence. All scientific research is based on that premise.
To propose a non-contingent, natural occurrence or entity as the originator of the universe (as atheists are forced to do), is unscientific fantasy.
Thirdly ....
A supernatural first cause (God) is not a contingent entity. It is not natural, and is not bound by natural laws which govern matter and all natural events. In fact, as the first cause of matter/energy, it is also the author of the laws that govern matter/energy. It cannot be subject to laws it has created.
As the very first cause, it also cannot have had any preceding cause, so we know it cannot be a contingent entity.
Why? Because ...first means first, not second or third. If something is first, nothing preceded it. It must have always existed and must have had within itself the means of its own existence. It could not have relied on anything else for its existence. So the supernatural, first cause (a creator God) has to be eternally, self-existent and necessary.
It also has to have the powers and ability to create everything else that exists in the universe. As the original cause, it has to be an adequate cause of everything ...of all causes and effects that follow it, forever. That means - it has to have the powers, properties and qualities sufficient to create: time, matter/energy, natural laws, information, life, intelligence, consciousness and every characteristic that humans have. Because we, as a mere effect of the first cause, cannot be greater than that which ultimately caused us.
So God is the non-contingent, self-existent, necessary, supernatural, first cause of everything in the universe.
That is the logical conclusion of the understanding and application of natural laws.
ATHEIST BELIEF IN A NATURAL FIRST CAUSE VIOLATES NATURAL LAW.
THUS ATHEISM IS ILLOGICAL, AND ANTI-SCIENCE.
Essential characteristics of the first cause.
Consider this short chain of causes and effects:
A causes B, - B causes C, - C causes D, - D causes E.
'A, B, C & D' are all causes and may all look similar, but they are not, there is an enormous and crucial difference between them.
Causes B, C & D are fundamentally different from cause A.
Why?
Because A is the very first cause and thus had no previous cause. It exists without a cause. It doesn’t rely on anything else for its existence, it is completely independent of causes - while B, C & D would not exist without A. They are entirely dependent on A.
Causes; B, C & D are also effects, whereas A is not an effect, only a cause.
So we can say that the first cause ‘A’ is both self-existent and necessary. It is necessary because the rest of the chain of causes and effects could not exist without it. We also have to say that the subsequent causes and effects B, C, D and E are all contingent. That is; they are not self-existent they all depend entirely on other causes to exist.
We can also say that A is eternally self-existent, i.e. it has always existed, it had no beginning. Why? Because if A came into being at some point, there must have been something other than itself that brought it into being … which would mean A was not the first cause (A could not create A) … the something that brought A into being would be the first cause. In which case, A would be contingent and no different from B, C, D & E.
We can also say that A is adequate to produce all the properties of B, C, D & E.
Why?
Well in the case of E we can see that it relies entirely on D for its existence, E can in no way be superior to D because D had to contain within it everything necessary to produce E. The same applies to D it cannot be superior to C, but furthermore neither E or D can be superior to C, because both rely on C for their existence, and C had to contain everything necessary to produce D & E.
Likewise with B, which is responsible for the existence of C, D & E.
As they all depend on A for their existence and all their properties, abilities and potentials, none can be superior to A whether singly or combined. A had to contain everything necessary to produce B, C, D & E including all their properties, abilities and potentials.
Thus we deduce that; nothing in the universe can be superior in any way to the very first cause of the universe, because the whole universe, and all material things that exist, depend entirely on the abilities and properties of the first cause to produce them.
So to sum up … a first cause must be uncaused, must have always existed and cannot be in any way inferior to all subsequent causes and effects. In other words, the first cause of the universe must be eternally, self-existent and omnipotent (greater than everything that exists). No natural entity can have those attributes, that is why a Supernatural, Creator God MUST exist.
What about polytheism, can there be more than one God or Creator.
It is patently obvious there can only be one supernatural first cause.
The first cause is infinite - and logically, there cannot be more than one infinite entity.
If there were two infinite entities, for example, A and B. The qualities and perfections that are the property of B would be a limitation on the qualities and perfections of A. and vice versa, so neither would be infinite.
If A & B had identical qualities and perfections they would not be two different entities, they would be identical and therefore the same entity, i.e. a single, infinite, first cause. So there can be only one infinite being or entity, only one supernatural, first cause and creator of the universe.
So when atheists keep repeating the claim - that there is no reason to believe the monotheistic, Christian God is any different from the multiple, gods of pagan religions, it simply displays their ignorance and lack of reasoning.
FOUNDATIONS OF SCIENCE
The Law of Cause and Effect. Dominant Principle of Classical Physics. David L. Bergman and Glen C. Collins
www.thewarfareismental.net/b/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/b...
"The Big Bang's Failed Predictions and Failures to Predict: (Updated Aug 3, 2017.) As documented below, trust in the big bang's predictive ability has been misplaced when compared to the actual astronomical observations that were made, in large part, in hopes of affirming the theory."
أتت العشر من ذي الحجةة سريعة دون أن نشعر ،
لقطة بسيطة جدًا جدًا أردت تذكيركُم فيها بفضل هذه الأيام العظيمة =)
أكثروا الذكر و الدعاء و الصيام ،
وَ تقبل الله منا ومنكُم صالح الأعمال
【聯合報╱編譯張佑生／綜合報導】
美國破獲俄羅斯諜報網逮捕11名俄國特工，意外抓到一個讓全球驚艷的28歲辣妹間諜查普曼。她擁有經濟學碩士學歷，通俄英德法四國語言，天使臉蛋外加有如內衣名模的魔鬼身材，讓查普曼瞬間暴紅。
紐約郵報、紐約每日新聞、英國太陽報、鏡報與快報頭版，都是查普曼（Anna Chapman）的倩影。她現年28歲，離婚後2個月從莫斯科搬到紐約金融區的豪華公寓，經營市值200萬美元的網路不動產搜尋引擎domdot.ru，在Facebook寫下「有夢去追，希望相隨」的勵志話語。
美國聯邦調查局（FBI）指控她從1月開始，便透過私人無線網路傳遞情報給俄國官員。她不知FBI幹員偽裝成俄國使館人員，請求協助修理筆電，6月26日被捕。
查普曼究竟是誰？007情報員龐德女郎式的蛇蠍美人，穿梭在紐約曼哈坦的上流社會派對和最高機密的會議，還是苦幹實幹的的科技創業家？
根據她本人在專業社交網站LinkedIn的自傳，她在2005年拿到經濟學碩士學位，曾在倫敦賣過私人客機給俄國富豪和企業，也待過巴克萊銀行，後來轉戰避險基金，2005至2007年在一家叫做Navigator的避險基金工作，是首次公開募股（IPO）部門的主管。問題是，網路搜尋找不到這間公司，巴克萊銀行也說找不到她任職的資料。
查普曼2007年返回莫斯科，任職於富通俄羅斯投資中心，但她同時創立不動產搜尋引擎公司Domdot.ru（英語版是domdot.net） 並擔任CEO。
她應該是分身乏術，但根據FBI的報告，查普曼持假護照，花很多時間在紐約市區的書店和咖啡廳參加秘密會議，將蒐集到的機密傳回俄國。她的履歷到底有幾分真實？如果她真是間諜，為何會大張旗鼓的在社交網站放了超過90張個人照片？7月27日她將再度出庭，屆時應有比較清楚的答案。
【2010/07/01 聯合報】@ udn.com/
Illustrator Shirley Kite.
“The Music Hour; First Book” published by Silver, Burdette and Company.
Copyright 1927. By Ossbourne McConathy, W. Otto Miessner, Edward Birge, and Mabel E. Bray
Description: Correspondence from a staff member at the Great Western Railway office in Paddington, London, who went to war.
Read more letters from this group of soldiers here:
www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/telling-t...
Date: 1915- 1918
Our file reference: RAIL 253/516
This image is from the collections of The National Archives. Feel free to share it within the spirit of the Commons.
For high quality reproductions of any item from our collection please contact our For high quality reproductions of this image, visit our image library
Competition - Division One
Attendance - 40,000
Rovers scorers - Smith, Chapman
Rovers side
1 Alfred Robinson
2 Bob Crompton
3 Arthur Cowell
4 Albert Walmsley
5 Percy Smith
6 Billy Bradshaw
7 Jock Simpson
8 Danny Shea
9 George Chapman
10 Eddie Latheron
11 Joe Hodkinson
Source: Digital image.
Set: ELL01.
Date: 1885.
Repository: From the collection of R.L.Ellis.
Used here by his very kind permission.
Goodbye sweet vacation :(
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Redes Sociais:Twitter♡ Tumblr♡ Listography ♡ Me pergunte
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I'd promised the husband-accountant that I would get my paperwork in order ahead of him sorting out my tax return for me.
Since I started out freelance at the beginning of the year he's promised me that all I needed to do was keep all my receipts together. I've done that and hopefully pulled together all the other bits of documentation I need, but have a horrible feeling there's something else I've forgotten.
All is not as it seems...you might want to read every word...just to make sure...if you count the number of words on your fingers as you read...you should get to 19...how many did you get first time?
If you get it - don't give the game away with your comments!!
My daughter cleaned her room and found a letter I wrote her when she was seven or eight.
Dear Serena,
(I am typing this letter to you because it will be easier to read than my poor penmanship.)
This is a letter to let you know how proud I am of the girl you have become and the girl you are becoming. I love so many things about you that I don't know where to start! Maybe I'll start with the top of your beautiful head and end with the bottom of your stinky, dirty feet with the black stuff under the toenails, feet that I will probably kiss until I am an old hag with wrinkly lips.
I love your brain, the way it thinks and works. One of my favorite things about you is the way you write songs and sing them. You've been doing that since you were tiny. In the back seat of the car one day when you were two, you sang, "Twinkle, twinkle, little star, here we go in the big car." Now you sing much more interesting songs.
I love that you are good in sports. I was always OK, but I never had anyone to encourage me, like your father does. My dad wasn't that good at sports. So I am grateful to him for teaching you the good skills, and I am proud that you know what to do with them.
I think it's great that you do math problems for fun. I like that you press numbers on the calculator. I think you will make a great cashier some day, like your Aunt Beth did—right before you go on to cure cancer and discover new dinosaurs.
You are a very good writer, and, while I hope you some day grow up to use writing as part of your hobby and your job, I mostly want you to do something that you enjoy, something that doesn't make your soul sad. I want you to know that you can be good at whatever you choose, so think big. Be a star. Be a rocket scientist. Be an artist.
Most of all, Serena, it's important that you stay a good, kind person. Be nice to animals. Be generous with your friends. And remember that so many others in the world have so much less than you do. Sometimes it helps us stay focused on the important things when we realize how very lucky we are.
Your father and I are very lucky that we have you. I love you more than I can even tell you in words. Yet you have been the subject of my best poems—the one about digging up Beowulf in the back yard, the one about the cicadas, the one about the tooth fairy, the one about flying, the one I just wrote called "Overnight at Grandma's," and even one that came in fourth place in a poetry contest, "Motherbirds," which is about you crying when you were a baby.
You inspire everything I do. Every day, I look forward to the girl you're going to become because the one you are now is so terrific.
I LOVE YOU! XXOO MOMMY
After doing so many portraits in a row, I really felt like doing a still life. I also had great light coming through my window this afternoon, so this is what I got. The book behind the note is "The Glass Castle."
A series of grid system templates, which can be easily printed to sketch up layout, logo, illustration concepts.
A somewhat different angle of the first page of my thematic journal which I opened back in March. Featured also is a Lamy Safari (EF).
Para dinheiro e documentos. :)
Possui 6 bolsos para cartão, 1 bolso para dinheiro e mais 2 bolsos para documentos.
Manifestació per la Independència. Diada Nacional Catalunya de 11 de setembre. Barcelona. 11/9/2017.
#1 although not in his hand.... this manuscript shows the famous rhythm from the very beginning of the masterpiece... " manuscript score for the Fifth Symphony, Opus 67, in several hands [between 1808-1822] "
much neater i'll say ;-) from the hands of copyists dated from the year the work was complete, 1808, before the 1st edition printed publication in 1826, the year before his death 1827...
this symphony #5 was one of the five(5) works he sold to a publisher for a mere 100 ducats (~450 gulden, cut down by the publisher from 700 gulden with the addition of the Mass in C score, although it had been about 1/6 of his annual salary offered for the position as kapellmeister of kassel)... see below for a photo on a 10 gulden bank note as included in the exhibits...
more shots below...
beethoven center, sjsu
san jose, california
Wallpaper 1920x1200 created with Alejandro lo Celsos (Pampa Type) unique typeface family»Arlt«.
»Arlt is a family of contemporary typefaces for a wide variety of applications. It includes text, display, and decorative fonts. Its style gives the text a sort of spicy atmosphere that makes it ideal for composing literature.
Arlt has been created for the demanding, inspired designers. Being the result of 3 years of intensive work, the types aim to balance a strong personality against comfortable readability. The fonts have been carefully crafted in every detail, to offer you the highest visual quality standards in typography.
Arlt is inspired by the novels and plays of Argentinean writer Roberto Arlt, active in the 20s and 30s. He pioneered the introduction of Lunfardo (Buenos Aires slang) into literature, and he was the first to write about the crook and the madman. His novels and plays refreshed the spirit of Hispanic literature of early 20th century, and anticipated the work of English-speaking writers such as Irvine Welsh or William Burroughs.
Arlt is a complex typeface. Its characters have vigorous counterforms. As individual shapes the letterforms can feel impulsive and capricious, but once they are combined into words, they look elegant and sober. The text line in Arlt creates a dynamic, stimulating rhythm, which is still very comfortable at immersed reading.
Arlt is a contemporary interpretation of the alphabet which finds inspiration in some classic sources. The italics are linked to the glamorous, mannerist typography of 17th century Baroque (Dutch designer Christoffel van Dijck, Hungarian printer Miklós Kis). While the romans are a new attempt at capturing the warmth and vehemence of Expressionism. This style may be traced back to the 18th century: the singular work of German punchcutter Christian Zinck, and later to some 20th century East European type designers such as Preissig, Dyrynk, Menhart, and Frantisek Storm, probably today’s finest representative.«
I wish you all a »Typeful New Year 2010«!
Title: Eyewitness Account of the Trinity Explosion, 07/16/1945
Creator(s): Office for Emergency Management. Office of Scientific Research and Development. (06/28/1941 - 12/31/1947) (Most Recent), Council of National Defense. National Defense Research Committee. (06/27/1940 - 06/28/1941) (Predecessor)
Persistent URL: arcweb.archives.gov/arc/action/ExternalIdSearch?id=594933
Eyewitness Account of the Trinity Explosion, 07/16/1945 (ARC ID 594933); File Unit: Trinity, 1945; Records of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, 1939 - 1950; Record Group 227; National Archives.
Access Restrictions: Unrestricted
Use Restrictions: Unrestricted