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We are a group of freelance developer and programmers base in Malaysia and Singapore, we provide website and mobile app development, here is an article about 10 Important Questions To Ask Web Developers Before Dishing Out the Dough.
4ufreelancers.com/Freelance-IT-and-Software.html
Assuming you already have a fairly good idea of what you want on your web site and will more than likely be writing your own copy or having it written for you, here are 10 questions you need answered to help you create an effective web site without breaking the bank or delaying your plans.
The Merchandise Owner organizes these stand-ups for that squad and solutions any queries the team might have. app developer welcome clients to participate in on the scrums when they wish, however, many decide to view progress through our project management software boards, that they have full use of throughout the introduction of their product.
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Code Reviews
During development, we conduct code reviews to make sure that we avoid bugs being pressed into production. Another developer will review a piece of code before it’s merged in to the primary development branch. By doing this, each developer reviews other developers work as well as their commits to make sure that it’s correct. Besides this method permit the team to ensure one another's code app developer enables the reviewer to understand more about additional features and offers a feeling of overlap and understanding transfer. This results in a better knowledge of the way they structure their code and helps to create more understanding of other product features which are being developed.
Finish-of-Sprint Demos
In the finish of every sprint, our teams present their completed try to the merchandise Owner and all of those other team. The Merchandise Owner decides either to proceed with the following sprint or send it to sprint planning. Clients ought to have fun playing the finish-of-sprint demos too to give to us their feedback. With this particular transparent approach, the customer is involved through the entire project lifecycle.
Training Learned
In the finish of each and every bi weekly sprint, app developer execute a retrospective from the challenges and the way to improve our process for future sprints. This retrospective is distributed to the whole team for any greater feeling of transparency and understanding transfer for future sprints and projects.Benefits of Sprints
Early and Foreseeable Delivery: Getting a set fee of your time to pay attention to a particular group of features allows us to deliver projects rapidly and sometimes with increased predictability.
Image Source: www.archivessearch.qld.gov.au/items/ITM299141
Australia was approaching its bicentennial celebrations, and after Brisbane’s success hosting the 1982 Commonwealth Games, Brisbane City Council and the Queensland State Government were confident they could win the bid to hold the next World Exhibition.
Brisbane won the right to hold the event and Expo 88 was officially opened by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II on 30 April 1988. By the time it closed, it had changed the way the world saw Brisbane and helped shaped the city as we know it today.
Starting with an estimated budget of $645 million, the Queensland State Government developed a World Expo that would recoup and support its own costs and promote international investment in Queensland, both during and after the event. South Bank, badly damaged in the 1973–74 floods, was chosen and the site acquired for $150 million. Developers completed construction on time and within budget. The targets set for ticket sales were reached 11 weeks before Expo 88 had even opened. It was off to a smashing start.
Celebrating ‘Leisure in the age of technology’, there was an incredible range of pavilions, performances, parades, comedy and artwork on show. Guests could experience over 50 restaurants filled with flavours from around the globe. Hosted over six months, it drew more than 18 million people to the renewed South Bank parklands district. An average of 100,000 people a day entered the gates.
An influx of royalty, celebrities and international visitors came to Brisbane for the exhibition, but it was Queensland residents who attended the most often, purchasing 500,000 season tickets. Expo 88 provided something the city needed: an easy-to-access recreational facility with exciting things to do, see and experience. Brisbanites returned again and again to socialise and enjoy the festival atmosphere.
The monorail was one of the most popular attractions. Giving travellers a view of the entertainments from above, it operated along a 2.3-kilometre track during Expo 88, taking up to 44,000 visitors a day from one side of Expo to the other, along the Brisbane River. Built by Swedish manufacturer Von Roll, the monorail cost $12 million and comprised four MkII trains with nine carriages each. The idea of keeping the monorail operating after Expo and extending it into the Brisbane CBD was discussed. Ultimately, the existing monorail wasn’t a feasible long-term people-moving solution and it was disbursed. Three trains were sold back to Von Roll and were used in Germany’s Europa-Park. The remaining train and some tracks were incorporated into the Sea World theme park on the Gold Coast.
Some of the most significant installations, exhibitions and artworks from Expo 88 were relocated and continue to be enjoyed today. Ken Done AM, a prominent Australian artist and designer, was commissioned to produce the entry and exit statement art pieces for the Australia Pavilion. Using the word ‘Australia’, Done produced a sign nearly six metres tall that could not be missed by anyone who attended Expo 88. The letters have since been restored and are on display at the Caboolture Heritage Village. The Nepal Peace Pagoda was the only international pavilion that remained on-site, after a petition asking that it remain attracted about 70,000 signatures. The Japan Garden and Pond were gifted to the city of Brisbane and moved to the Botanic Gardens at Mt Coot-Tha.
The buzz of activity, the investment in South Bank’s infrastructure and the spotlight on Brisbane transformed the city. The physical legacy left by Expo 88 turned South Bank into a thriving social space and prominent cultural hotspot: 42 hectares was dedicated to the construction of the South Bank Parklands.
blogs.archives.qld.gov.au/2021/10/29/when-the-world-comes...
Among the top-rated companies on the planet for “construction website developer” every single day I’m surprised at those sites we manage for clients that receive a large number of visitors. Imagining getting to coordinate an area for 1000 people - Every. Single. Day. This isn’t just possible having a website, it’s standard.
Today, greater than 3 billion people worldwide have the internet! That's a bigger achieve than every other advertising medium [like print ads] can offer, which elevated business visibility comes in a very small fraction from the cost of traditional advertising.
Nowadays, your target customers are online to look for everything - food, clothes, map directions, restaurants, airlines as well as Construction companies - like yours. To become obvious YOUR AUDIENCE IS ONLINE.
The #1 excuse website developer
hear, particularly finding yourself in sleepy bonita springs is the fact that “my audience isn’t online…” this can be a common MIS-conception. Actually, the older the populace, the faster the development in Internet use, the greater disposable earnings, etc. See our article on the internet Use Among Seniors for additional detail.
Even though you don’t yet have an online prescence, due to recent changes to the net, most likely your company can be available on multiple websites that list local company information and reviews. Getting an expert website representing your organization gives you an open face that you simply control, also it enables your company found through the right people.
2) PROFESSIONALISM
Previously, getting an online presence wasn't essential, but was a terrific way to help make your business stick out. Today, getting a fundamental web site is essential - it puts yourself on some equal ground together with your competitors. Getting an excellent website will help you lead those, and is evenly as vital as the caliber of the service your team provides.An expert website developer not just will get your company name “out there,” it's also a platform that you should show a portfolio of the work and past customer recommendations, along with a website enables the consumer base to easier interact with your team.
Dot Com Infoway, one of the top 5 mobile application developer. We have a dedicated team of highly skilled iPhone app developers who had worked on different kinds of iPhone app. Our iPhone developers are skilled in Apple's developer tools like Xcode, Cocoa Touch framework and Objective C. Leveraging the best of Apple's technologies and using Cocoa's APIs, our iPhone programmers create a tightly-integrated Xcode development experience that makes adding animation, networking, appearance and behavior to apps easier, with just a few lines of code.
A packed house at our third facebook meetup in NYC. Thanks to our friends at Thumbplay for hosting in their now downtown offices.
David Henderson of Social Media's demoing his apps here (his company has created a dozen or more of the top 100 apps on facebook right now.)
amitgupta.com/blog/shoebox/2007/07/28/reflections-from-th...
NBR Land Developers,is a young,dynamic and vibrant real estate developer from Bangalore formed to fulfill the aspirations of people to have their own house.
Client-Focused: At Clearbridge, we heavily involve our clients which differentiates us using their company mobile android developer
companies. We use tales having a business-focused acceptance criteria to define product features. By relating to the client with this product discovery, it enables these to have total control from the project and see the priority of features. We of product, development, and style experts help our clients to learn how to provide the features that offer probably the most business value. Our customers are involved through the entire project existence-cycle and frequently want to see the sprint demos in the finish of every sprint which enables these to make adjustments in early stages, conserving costs and time.
Quality Products: Throughout development, android developer regularly conduct QA tests to make sure that the standard is continuously improved by fixing issues in early stages.
User-Centric: From the merchandise discovery stage, we puts the consumer first by creating user personas to steer development. User personas let us center every project decision round the user to repair their discomfort points, allowing us to provide items that add value and meet their demands. Incremented timeframes give to us the chance to collect feedback after two days so the team of developers stays centered on the user’s needs. This can help us gain valuable feedback in early stages within the project to be able to adjust accordingly, at some point.
Goal Oriented: Most importantly, sprints allow android developer to manage our projects by concentrating on short-term goals, allowing us to construct quality items that meet the requirements of both our clients and users.
Our agile process puts both customer and client needs directly fundamentally of rise in every project we focus on. With this particular approach, project management software risks for example scope, time, and charges are correctly managed, creating a effective project outcome.
Governor Kay Ivey gave remarks to the Rural Developers Summit Wednesday October 26, 2021 in Montgomery, Ala. (Governor’s Office/ Hal Yeager)
. . . 2. 3. 2007 - this is the first day of a funeral ceremony in Bori for a High Class Woman. She died on 18. 1. 2007 at the age of 85 years. The ceremony will last for one week. Today we will see the showing of the water buffalos, pigs, cow, horse, deer and chicken. All these animals are offered to be the servants of the died woman in her new life after death in Puya. We will see buffalo fighting. Men bet for the winner of those fightings. Two buffalos fight each other - the one running away lost the fight!
If you wonder why the quality of the pictures is a little less: these are no photographs - it all are snapshots of my videos! So sorry for the less resolution, but I think, they are worth to be shown.
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The Toraja are an ethnic group indigenous to a mountainous region of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Their population is approximately 1,100,000, of whom 450,000 live in the regency of Tana Toraja ("Land of Toraja"). Most of the population is Christian, and others are Muslim or have local animist beliefs known as aluk ("the way"). The Indonesian government has recognized this animist belief as Aluk To Dolo ("Way of the Ancestors").
The word toraja comes from the Bugis Buginese language term to riaja, meaning "people of the uplands". The Dutch colonial government named the people Toraja in 1909. Torajans are renowned for their elaborate funeral rites, burial sites carved into rocky cliffs, massive peaked-roof traditional houses known as tongkonan, and colorful wood carvings. Toraja funeral rites are important social events, usually attended by hundreds of people and lasting for several days.
Before the 20th century, Torajans lived in autonomous villages, where they practised animism and were relatively untouched by the outside world. In the early 1900s, Dutch missionaries first worked to convert Torajan highlanders to Christianity. When the Tana Toraja regency was further opened to the outside world in the 1970s, it became an icon of tourism in Indonesia: it was exploited by tourism developers and studied by anthropologists. By the 1990s, when tourism peaked, Toraja society had changed significantly, from an agrarian model - in which social life and customs were outgrowths of the Aluk To Dolo - to a largely Christian society. Today, tourism and remittances from migrant Torajans have made for major changes in the Toraja highland, giving the Toraja a celebrity status within Indonesia and enhancing Toraja ethnic group pride.
ETHNIC IDENTITY
The Torajan people had little notion of themselves as a distinct ethnic group before the 20th century. Before Dutch colonization and Christianization, Torajans, who lived in highland areas, identified with their villages and did not share a broad sense of identity. Although complexes of rituals created linkages between highland villages, there were variations in dialects, differences in social hierarchies, and an array of ritual practices in the Sulawesi highland region. "Toraja" (from the coastal languages' to, meaning people; and riaja, uplands) was first used as a lowlander expression for highlanders. As a result, "Toraja" initially had more currency with outsiders - such as the Bugis and Makassarese, who constitute a majority of the lowland of Sulawesi - than with insiders. The Dutch missionaries' presence in the highlands gave rise to the Toraja ethnic consciousness in the Sa'dan Toraja region, and this shared identity grew with the rise of tourism in the Tana Toraja Regency. Since then, South Sulawesi has four main ethnic groups - the Bugis (the majority, including shipbuilders and seafarers), the Makassarese (lowland traders and seafarers), the Mandarese (traders and fishermen), and the Toraja (highland rice cultivators).
HISTORY
From the 17th century, the Dutch established trade and political control on Sulawesi through the Dutch East Indies Company. Over two centuries, they ignored the mountainous area in the central Sulawesi, where Torajans lived, because access was difficult and it had little productive agricultural land. In the late 19th century, the Dutch became increasingly concerned about the spread of Islam in the south of Sulawesi, especially among the Makassarese and Bugis peoples. The Dutch saw the animist highlanders as potential Christians. In the 1920s, the Reformed Missionary Alliance of the Dutch Reformed Church began missionary work aided by the Dutch colonial government. In addition to introducing Christianity, the Dutch abolished slavery and imposed local taxes. A line was drawn around the Sa'dan area and called Tana Toraja ("the land of Toraja"). Tana Toraja was first a subdivision of the Luwu kingdom that had claimed the area. In 1946, the Dutch granted Tana Toraja a regentschap, and it was recognized in 1957 as one of the regencies of Indonesia.
Early Dutch missionaries faced strong opposition among Torajans, especially among the elite, because the abolition of their profitable slave trade had angered them. Some Torajans were forcibly relocated to the lowlands by the Dutch, where they could be more easily controlled. Taxes were kept high, undermining the wealth of the elites. Ultimately, the Dutch influence did not subdue Torajan culture, and only a few Torajans were converted. In 1950, only 10% of the population had converted to Christianity.
In the 1930s, Muslim lowlanders attacked the Torajans, resulting in widespread Christian conversion among those who sought to align themselves with the Dutch for political protection and to form a movement against the Bugis and Makassarese Muslims. Between 1951 and 1965 (following Indonesian independence), southern Sulawesi faced a turbulent period as the Darul Islam separatist movement fought for an Islamic state in Sulawesi. The 15 years of guerrilla warfare led to massive conversions to
CHRISTIANITY
Alignment with the Indonesian government, however, did not guarantee safety for the Torajans. In 1965, a presidential decree required every Indonesian citizen to belong to one of five officially recognized religions: Islam, Christianity (Protestantism and Catholicism), Hinduism, or Buddhism. The Torajan religious belief (aluk) was not legally recognized, and the Torajans raised their voices against the law. To make aluk accord with the law, it had to be accepted as part of one of the official religions. In 1969, Aluk To Dolo ("the way of ancestors") was legalized as a sect of Agama Hindu Dharma, the official name of Hinduism in Indonesia.
SOCIETY
There are three main types of affiliation in Toraja society: family, class and religion.
FAMILY AFFILIATION
Family is the primary social and political grouping in Torajan society. Each village is one extended family, the seat of which is the tongkonan, a traditional Torajan house. Each tongkonan has a name, which becomes the name of the village. The familial dons maintain village unity. Marriage between distant cousins (fourth cousins and beyond) is a common practice that strengthens kinship. Toraja society prohibits marriage between close cousins (up to and including the third cousin) - except for nobles, to prevent the dispersal of property. Kinship is actively reciprocal, meaning that the extended family helps each other farm, share buffalo rituals, and pay off debts.
Each person belongs to both the mother's and the father's families, the only bilateral family line in Indonesia. Children, therefore, inherit household affiliation from both mother and father, including land and even family debts. Children's names are given on the basis of kinship, and are usually chosen after dead relatives. Names of aunts, uncles and cousins are commonly referred to in the names of mothers, fathers and siblings.
Before the start of the formal administration of Toraja villages by the Tana Toraja Regency, each Toraja village was autonomous. In a more complex situation, in which one Toraja family could not handle their problems alone, several villages formed a group; sometimes, villages would unite against other villages. Relationship between families was expressed through blood, marriage, and shared ancestral houses (tongkonan), practically signed by the exchange of water buffalo and pigs on ritual occasions. Such exchanges not only built political and cultural ties between families but defined each person's place in a social hierarchy: who poured palm wine, who wrapped a corpse and prepared offerings, where each person could or could not sit, what dishes should be used or avoided, and even what piece of meat constituted one's share.
CLASS AFFILIATION
In early Toraja society, family relationships were tied closely to social class. There were three strata: nobles, commoners, and slaves (slavery was abolished in 1909 by the Dutch East Indies government). Class was inherited through the mother. It was taboo, therefore, to marry "down" with a woman of lower class. On the other hand, marrying a woman of higher class could improve the status of the next generation. The nobility's condescending attitude toward the commoners is still maintained today for reasons of family prestige.
Nobles, who were believed to be direct descendants of the descended person from heaven, lived in tongkonans, while commoners lived in less lavish houses (bamboo shacks called banua). Slaves lived in small huts, which had to be built around their owner's tongkonan. Commoners might marry anyone, but nobles preferred to marry in-family to maintain their status. Sometimes nobles married Bugis or Makassarese nobles. Commoners and slaves were prohibited from having death feasts. Despite close kinship and status inheritance, there was some social mobility, as marriage or change in wealth could affect an individuals status. Wealth was counted by the ownership of water buffaloes.
Slaves in Toraja society were family property. Sometimes Torajans decided to become slaves when they incurred a debt, pledging to work as payment. Slaves could be taken during wars, and slave trading was common. Slaves could buy their freedom, but their children still inherited slave status. Slaves were prohibited from wearing bronze or gold, carving their houses, eating from the same dishes as their owners, or having sex with free women - a crime punishable by death.
RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION
Toraja's indigenous belief system is polytheistic animism, called aluk, or "the way" (sometimes translated as "the law"). In the Toraja myth, the ancestors of Torajan people came down from heaven using stairs, which were then used by the Torajans as a communication medium with Puang Matua, the Creator. The cosmos, according to aluk, is divided into the upper world (heaven), the world of man (earth), and the underworld. At first, heaven and earth were married, then there was a darkness, a separation, and finally the light. Animals live in the underworld, which is represented by rectangular space enclosed by pillars, the earth is for mankind, and the heaven world is located above, covered with a saddle-shaped roof. Other Toraja gods include Pong Banggai di Rante (god of Earth), Indo' Ongon-Ongon (a goddess who can cause earthquakes), Pong Lalondong (god of death), and Indo' Belo Tumbang (goddess of medicine); there are many more.
The earthly authority, whose words and actions should be cleaved to both in life (agriculture) and death (funerals), is called to minaa (an aluk priest). Aluk is not just a belief system; it is a combination of law, religion, and habit. Aluk governs social life, agricultural practices, and ancestral rituals. The details of aluk may vary from one village to another. One common law is the requirement that death and life rituals be separated. Torajans believe that performing death rituals might ruin their corpses if combined with life rituals. The two rituals are equally important. During the time of the Dutch missionaries, Christian Torajans were prohibited from attending or performing life rituals, but were allowed to perform death rituals. Consequently, Toraja's death rituals are still practised today, while life rituals have diminished.
CULTURE
TONGKONAN
Tongkonan are the traditional Torajan ancestral houses. They stand high on wooden piles, topped with a layered split-bamboo roof shaped in a sweeping curved arc, and they are incised with red, black, and yellow detailed wood carvings on the exterior walls. The word "tongkonan" comes from the Torajan tongkon ("to sit").
Tongkonan are the center of Torajan social life. The rituals associated with the tongkonan are important expressions of Torajan spiritual life, and therefore all family members are impelled to participate, because symbolically the tongkonan represents links to their ancestors and to living and future kin. According to Torajan myth, the first tongkonan was built in heaven on four poles, with a roof made of Indian cloth. When the first Torajan ancestor descended to earth, he imitated the house and held a large ceremony.
The construction of a tongkonan is laborious work and is usually done with the help of the extended family. There are three types of tongkonan. The tongkonan layuk is the house of the highest authority, used as the "center of government". The tongkonan pekamberan belongs to the family members who have some authority in local traditions. Ordinary family members reside in the tongkonan batu. The exclusivity to the nobility of the tongkonan is diminishing as many Torajan commoners find lucrative employment in other parts of Indonesia. As they send back money to their families, they enable the construction of larger tongkonan.
WOOD CARVINGS
To express social and religious concepts, Torajans carve wood, calling it Pa'ssura (or "the writing"). Wood carvings are therefore Toraja's cultural manifestation.
Each carving receives a special name, and common motifs are animals and plants that symbolize some virtue. For example, water plants and animals, such as crabs, tadpoles and water weeds, are commonly found to symbolize fertility. In some areas noble elders claim these symbols refer to strength of noble family, but not everyone agrees. The overall meaning of groups of carved motifs on houses remains debated and tourism has further complicated these debates because some feel a uniform explanation must be presented to tourists. The image to the left shows an example of Torajan wood carving, consisting of 15 square panels. The center bottom panel represents buffalo or wealth, a wish for many buffaloes for the family. The center panel represents a knot and a box, a hope that all of the family's offspring will be happy and live in harmony, like goods kept safe in a box. The top left and top right squares represent an aquatic animal, indicating the need for fast and hard work, just like moving on the surface of water. It also represents the need for a certain skill to produce good results.
Regularity and order are common features in Toraja wood carving (see table below), as well as abstracts and geometrical designs. Nature is frequently used as the basis of Toraja's ornaments, because nature is full of abstractions and geometries with regularities and ordering. Toraja's ornaments have been studied in ethnomathematics to reveal their mathematical structure, but Torajans base this art only on approximations. To create an ornament, bamboo sticks are used as a geometrical tool.
FUNERAL RITES
In Toraja society, the funeral ritual is the most elaborate and expensive event. The richer and more powerful the individual, the more expensive is the funeral. In the aluk religion, only nobles have the right to have an extensive death feast. The death feast of a nobleman is usually attended by thousands and lasts for several days. A ceremonial site, called rante, is usually prepared in a large, grassy field where shelters for audiences, rice barns, and other ceremonial funeral structures are specially made by the deceased family. Flute music, funeral chants, songs and poems, and crying and wailing are traditional Toraja expressions of grief with the exceptions of funerals for young children, and poor, low-status adults.
The ceremony is often held weeks, months, or years after the death so that the deceased's family can raise the significant funds needed to cover funeral expenses. Torajans traditionally believe that death is not a sudden, abrupt event, but a gradual process toward Puya (the land of souls, or afterlife). During the waiting period, the body of the deceased is wrapped in several layers of cloth and kept under the tongkonan. The soul of the deceased is thought to linger around the village until the funeral ceremony is completed, after which it begins its journey to Puya.
Another component of the ritual is the slaughter of water buffalo. The more powerful the person who died, the more buffalo are slaughtered at the death feast. Buffalo carcasses, including their heads, are usually lined up on a field waiting for their owner, who is in the "sleeping stage". Torajans believe that the deceased will need the buffalo to make the journey and that they will be quicker to arrive at Puya if they have many buffalo. Slaughtering tens of water buffalo and hundreds of pigs using a machete is the climax of the elaborate death feast, with dancing and music and young boys who catch spurting blood in long bamboo tubes. Some of the slaughtered animals are given by guests as "gifts", which are carefully noted because they will be considered debts of the deceased's family. However, a cockfight, known as bulangan londong, is an integral part of the ceremony. As with the sacrifice of the buffalo and the pigs, the cockfight is considered sacred because it involves the spilling of blood on the earth. In particular, the tradition requires the sacrifice of at least three chickens. However, it is common for at least 25 pairs of chickens to be set against each other in the context of the ceremony.
There are three methods of burial: the coffin may be laid in a cave or in a carved stone grave, or hung on a cliff. It contains any possessions that the deceased will need in the afterlife. The wealthy are often buried in a stone grave carved out of a rocky cliff. The grave is usually expensive and takes a few months to complete. In some areas, a stone cave may be found that is large enough to accommodate a whole family. A wood-carved effigy, called Tau tau, is usually placed in the cave looking out over the land. The coffin of a baby or child may be hung from ropes on a cliff face or from a tree. This hanging grave usually lasts for years, until the ropes rot and the coffin falls to the ground.
In the ritual called Ma'Nene, that takes place each year in August, the bodies of the deceased are exhumed to be washed, groomed and dressed in new clothes. The mummies are then walked around the village.
DANCE AND MUSIC
Torajans perform dances on several occasions, most often during their elaborate funeral ceremonies. They dance to express their grief, and to honour and even cheer the deceased person because he is going to have a long journey in the afterlife. First, a group of men form a circle and sing a monotonous chant throughout the night to honour the deceased (a ritual called Ma'badong). This is considered by many Torajans to be the most important component of the funeral ceremony. On the second funeral day, the Ma'randing warrior dance is performed to praise the courage of the deceased during life. Several men perform the dance with a sword, a large shield made from buffalo skin, a helmet with a buffalo horn, and other ornamentation. The Ma'randing dance precedes a procession in which the deceased is carried from a rice barn to the rante, the site of the funeral ceremony. During the funeral, elder women perform the Ma'katia dance while singing a poetic song and wearing a long feathered costume. The Ma'akatia dance is performed to remind the audience of the generosity and loyalty of the deceased person. After the bloody ceremony of buffalo and pig slaughter, a group of boys and girls clap their hands while performing a cheerful dance called Ma'dondan.
As in other agricultural societies, Torajans dance and sing during harvest time. The Ma'bugi dance celebrates the thanksgiving event, and the Ma'gandangi dance is performed while Torajans are pounding rice. There are several war dances, such as the Manimbong dance performed by men, followed by the Ma'dandan dance performed by women. The aluk religion governs when and how Torajans dance. A dance called Ma'bua can be performed only once every 12 years. Ma'bua is a major Toraja ceremony in which priests wear a buffalo head and dance around a sacred tree.
A traditional musical instrument of the Toraja is a bamboo flute called a Pa'suling (suling is an Indonesian word for flute). This six-holed flute (not unique to the Toraja) is played at many dances, such as the thanksgiving dance Ma'bondensan, where the flute accompanies a group of shirtless, dancing men with long fingernails. The Toraja have indigenous musical instruments, such as the Pa'pelle (made from palm leaves) and the Pa'karombi (the Torajan version of a jaw harp). The Pa'pelle is played during harvest time and at house inauguration ceremonies.
LANGUAGE
The ethnic Toraja language is dominant in Tana Toraja with the main language as the Sa'dan Toraja. Although the national Indonesian language is the official language and is spoken in the community, all elementary schools in Tana Toraja teach Toraja language.Language varieties of Toraja, including Kalumpang, Mamasa, Tae' , Talondo' , Toala' , and Toraja-Sa'dan, belong to the Malayo-Polynesian language from the Austronesian family. At the outset, the isolated geographical nature of Tana Toraja formed many dialects between the Toraja languages themselves. After the formal administration of Tana Toraja, some Toraja dialects have been influenced by other languages through the transmigration program, introduced since the colonialism period, and it has been a major factor in the linguistic variety of Toraja languages. A prominent attribute of Toraja language is the notion of grief. The importance of death ceremony in Toraja culture has characterized their languages to express intricate degrees of grief and mourning. The Toraja language contains many terms referring to sadness, longing, depression, and mental pain. Giving a clear expression of the psychological and physical effect of loss is a catharsis and sometimes lessens the pain of grief itself.
ECONOMY
Prior to Suharto's "New Order" administration, the Torajan economy was based on agriculture, with cultivated wet rice in terraced fields on mountain slopes, and supplemental cassava and maize crops. Much time and energy were devoted to raising water buffalo, pigs, and chickens, primarily for ceremonial sacrifices and consumption. Coffee was the first significant cash crop produced in Toraja, and was introduced in the mid 19th century, changing the local economy towards commodity production for external markets and gaining an excellent reputation for quality in the international market .
With the commencement of the New Order in 1965, Indonesia's economy developed and opened to foreign investment. In Toraja, a coffee plantation and factory was established by Key Coffee of Japan, and Torajan coffee regained a reputation for quality within the growing international specialty coffee sector Multinational oil and mining companies opened new operations in Indonesia during the 1970s and 1980s. Torajans, particularly younger ones, relocated to work for the foreign companies - to Kalimantan for timber and oil, to Papua for mining, to the cities of Sulawesi and Java, and many went to Malaysia. The out-migration of Torajans was steady until 1985. and has continued since, with remittances sent back by emigre Torajans performing an important role within the contemporary economy.
Tourism commenced in Toraja in the 1970s, and accelerated in the 1980s and 1990s. Between 1984 and 1997, a significant number of Torajans obtained their incomes from tourism, working in and owning hotels, as tour guides, drivers, or selling souvenirs. With the rise of political and economic instability in Indonesia in the late 1990s - including religious conflicts elsewhere on Sulawesi - tourism in Tana Toraja has declined dramatically. Toraja continues to be a well known origin for Indonesian coffee, grown by both smallholders and plantation estates, although migration, remittances and off-farm income is considered far more important to most households, even those in rural areas.
TOURISM AND CULTURAL CHANGE
Before the 1970s, Toraja was almost unknown to Western tourism. In 1971, about 50 Europeans visited Tana Toraja. In 1972, at least 400 visitors attended the funeral ritual of Puang of Sangalla, the highest-ranking nobleman in Tana Toraja and the so-called "last pure-blooded Toraja noble." The event was documented by National Geographic and broadcast in several European countries. In 1976, about 12,000 tourists visited the regency and in 1981, Torajan sculpture was exhibited in major North American museums. "The land of the heavenly kings of Tana Toraja", as written in the exhibition brochure, embraced the outside world.
In 1984, the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism declared Tana Toraja Regency the prima donna of South Sulawesi. Tana Toraja was heralded as "the second stop after Bali". Tourism was increasing dramatically: by 1985, a total number of 150,000 foreigners had visited the Regency (in addition to 80,000 domestic tourists), and the annual number of foreign visitors was recorded at 40,000 in 1989. Souvenir stands appeared in Rantepao, the cultural center of Toraja, roads were sealed at the most-visited tourist sites, new hotels and tourist-oriented restaurants were opened, and an airstrip was opened in the Regency in 1981.
Tourism developers have marketed Tana Toraja as an exotic adventure - an area rich in culture and off the beaten track. Western tourists expected to see stone-age villages and pagan funerals. Toraja is for tourists who have gone as far as Bali and are willing to see more of the wild, "untouched" islands. However, they were more likely to see a Torajan wearing a hat and denim, living in a Christian society. Tourists felt that the tongkonan and other Torajan rituals had been preconceived to make profits, and complained that the destination was too commercialized. This has resulted in several clashes between Torajans and tourism developers, whom Torajans see as outsiders.
A clash between local Torajan leaders and the South Sulawesi provincial government (as a tourist developer) broke out in 1985. The government designated 18 Toraja villages and burial sites as traditional tourist attractions. Consequently, zoning restrictions were applied to these areas, such that Torajans themselves were barred from changing their tongkonans and burial sites. The plan was opposed by some Torajan leaders, as they felt that their rituals and traditions were being determined by outsiders. As a result, in 1987, the Torajan village of Kété Kesú and several other designated tourist attractions closed their doors to tourists. This closure lasted only a few days, as the villagers found it too difficult to survive without the income from selling souvenirs.
Tourism has also transformed Toraja society. Originally, there was a ritual which allowed commoners to marry nobles (puang) and thereby gain nobility for their children. However, the image of Torajan society created for the tourists, often by "lower-ranking" guides, has eroded its traditional strict hierarchy. High status is not as esteemed in Tana Toraja as it once was. Many low-ranking men can declare themselves and their children nobles by gaining enough wealth through work outside the region and then marrying a noble woman.
WIKIPEDIA
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In Brodick Bay today, with Ardrossan in the background
IMO: 9313125
MMSI: 219260000
Call Sign: OZGE2
Flag: Denmark
Type: Oil/chemical Tanker
Gross Tonnage: 11344
DeadWeight: 14737
Length x Breadth: 145m x 22m
Year Built: 2007
Status: Active
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🏢 Nintendo
️ Nintendo 64
###
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Suggested: How You Can Submit An android developer Towards The Application Store
General Assets
Icons of supported sizes (iOS: @1x @2x @3x images Android: mdpi, hdpi, xhdpi, xxhdpi)
Splash screens of supported sizes (iOS: @1x @2x @3x images Android: mdpi, hdpi, xhdpi, xxhdpi)
Screenshots in correct sizes, in needed languages
Application descriptions in needed languages
Search keywords in needed languages
Listing of supported devices and OS versions
Apple Application Store
iTunes Connect Account access
Company/Entity Name
Application Store application listing name
Search keywords
Bundle id / SKU
Demo take into account reviewers
Description
Support url
Marketing url
Online privacy policy
Application category
Copyright information
Contact details
Application icon (1024×1024)
Application store distribution provision profile
Application store distribution code signing identity
Screenshots (correct sizes according to devices)
Google Play
Google Play Developer access
Store listing name
Compensated/free
Short description
Full description
Application icon (512×512)
Feature Graphic (1024×500)
Application type
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Content Rating
Contact Email
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Screenshots (correct sizes according to devices)
Items To Bear In Mind
Above we’ve been through a few of the aspects to incorporate for the mobile android developer needs document. When you are crafting your needs, you’ll should also keep the following advice and factors surface of mind:
Needs documents can (and most likely should) be high-level, as it’s likely the merchandise can change and evolve as new information and learnings become available
Be skeptical of an excessive amount of detail. Although this may appear counter-intuitive, you need to make sure that your needs document enables for any amount of versatility. Intricately detailed documents which are attracted out before engineering begins will likely have to be altered because the project progresses, which leads to wasted some time and sources
Don’t construct your needs without input. Your team has a number of experience and insight make the most of it
The best objective of developing a mobile android developer needs document is to supply a foundation for any effective product. Mapping out business and technical needs, dependencies, constraints, assumptions, and submission assets can give your team the ammunition needed to obtain your project off the floor.
Pete TR ดูเหมือนเอกชนกับรัฐที่นี่หาที่ทางไว้ให้คนในประเทศได้รับความสบายกาย สบายใจไว้เยอะมาก ร้านอาหารไทยไม่เห็นเลยดีกว่า 5555 ที่นี่แต่ก็คงมีบ้าง สงสัยไปแต่ที่ๆไม่มี เป็นประเทศทีมีสินค้าใช้เองแบบมีคุณภาพมาก จักรยานที่ใช้ๆกันของของประเทศตัวเองนี่แหละ แม่งโคตรคุณภาพ เข้าใจคำว่า "ประเทศที่พัฒนาแล้ว" อย่างถ่องแท้ ถึงจะมีคนที่แหกคอกมากแม่งยังแหกคอกแบบ "พัฒนาแล้ว" ไม่รู้จะพูดไง เอาเถอะ 55555
The Melbourne Developer Meetup is a gathering of local developers in Melbourne. We cover all sorts of development and have a great mix of developers who specialise in Web, DevOps, Android/iPhone.
We keep our meetups fun & work hard to keep the snacks and drinks free. We make sure there are awesome give-aways. Most importantly we focus on providing a great opportunity for our members meet, network and collaborate.
Anyone interested in Development scene is welcome, we have everyone from project managers to design folk attend on a regular basis.
Bonita Springs Builders have to prepare yourself to meet their audience within the moment - web developer have to adapt to the brand new phrase “Mobile First”. Every consumer has become mobile and connected, and therefore your construction firm needs so that you can go where your users go. Wendy Clark, President, Sparkling Brands & Proper Marketing for Coca-Cola The United States couldn’t have stated it better - “Mobile is fundamentally of all things we’re doing. When we can’t create a story focus on a 4-inch-by-2-inch screen, it doesn’t work, also it doesn’t go further.”
Based on Google, your construction firm must adopt three fundamental principals with regards to mobile:
Portable: Your idea must have the ability to go in which the user goes. In case your business can’t, you aren't mobile.
Personal: Does your company focus on the person desires and needs of each and every user? May be the experience unique towards the user?
Perpetual: Endless rather than altering. Mobile is definitely on.
Exactly what does all of this mean for Bonita Springs builders? Mobile has altered the way in which consumers behave - individuals are connected on the internet and are positively utilizing web developer devices to locate, evaluate, making a decision in line with the information that's given to them. So how exactly does your construction firm stand before individuals searches and how can you supply the information they're seeking?
How connected are consumers? There isn’t any denying that smartphones are part of everyday existence. Because of Google for supplying these statistics: “Over two-thirds of smartphone users (68%) say they check their phone within fifteen minutes of getting out of bed each morning. 87% also have their smartphones in their web developer, night and day. And, in lots of countries, more searches occur on cellular devices than you are on computers.” The ability has become at the disposal of the connected consumer. The connected consumer now is able to travel through information, advertisements, content, products, and services by themselves terms.
Entrevista a Moss para el Canal de TV "Yo no tengo novia", dedicado a los videojuegos.
- Entrevistador: ¿Como te sientes al ser el gran triunfador de la Feria Internacional de Máquinas Recreativas y Videojuegos"?
- Moss: Triunfador.
- Entrevistador: Por que le has llamado Fanboy a tu máquina.
- Moss: Para homenajear a unos amigos que tienen un blog sobre videojuegos, ya que ellos me dieron la idea de tal desarrollo.
- Entrevistador: Bueno Moss ya se me acaba el tiempo que tu manager me ha dado para la entrevista, sólo quiero desearte lo mejor en esta nueva andadura.
- Moss: Muchas gracias!!!!... Emmm ... un momentito... quiero mandar un saludo a Big Chief, a Jay, a Bob, a mi madre, a mi padre, a mis sobrinos, amigos de clan, ........
..... 5 minutos más tarde... al quiosquero, a mi tortuga Roberto y ya está.
Strobist info: Flas KF36 a 1/16 con Snoot y tela difusora apuntando a Moss desde la derecha de la cámara, un YN460 a 1/16 con bote de pringles y tela difusora apuntando a la máquina desde arriba en diagonal.
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Moss' interview for the "Haven't got a girlfriend" TV channel, dedicated to videogames.
- Interviewer: How do you feel, being the big star of the International Videogame and Arcade Show?
- Moss: Big Star.
- Interviewer: Whay did you name your machine Fanboy?.
- Moss: To acknowledge some friends that have a blog on videogames, as they gave me the idea for its development.
- Interviewer: Well, Moss, the time your manager gave me to interview you is running out, so I just would like to wish you the best of luck for your future.
- Moss: Thank you!!!!... mmm... just a moment... I would like to say hello to Big Chief, Jay, Bob, my mother, my father, my nephews, fellow clan members...
..... [5 minutes later] the kiosk owner, mi tortoise Robert and that is all.
Paper Toys:
NBR Land Developers,is a young,dynamic and vibrant real estate developer from Bangalore formed to fulfill the aspirations of people to have their own house.
I'm not sure if it's wanted for employment or wanted "Dead or Alive". I think I'll pass on this potential job opportunity.
System Preferences -> Keyboard -> Keyboard Shorcuts -> Application Shortcuts.
Add a new shortcut for "Quit iOS Simulator", and you're done. I use cmd-opt-Q.
I also mapped the "Home" command/button to cmd-Q, because I still press it instinctively after a test run, and this makes it behave reasonably sensibly.
SM City Cebu is a large shopping mall located in Cebu City, Philippines. It is the 4th shopping mall owned and developed by SM Prime Holdings, the country's largest shopping mall owner and developer. It is the company's first shopping mall outside Metro Manila and the 4th largest shopping mall in the Philippines. It has a land area of 11.8 hectares and a gross floor area of 268,611 m2 ( 2,891,300 sq ft ), becoming part of the world's 15 largest shopping malls and making it the 11th largest shopping mall in the world in 2009.
On an average day, more than 100,000 people visit SM City Cebu, with the figure increasing to 140,000 to 150,000 on weekends. Due to Cebu City's position as a transshipment point for the Visayas and Mindanao, and SM City Cebu's location close to the city's port area, the mall attracts a significant number of transient shoppers.
SM City Cebu proves that variety is the spice of life. You can find an array of exciting food choices, from fast food chains to elegant fine dining restaurants. You can also experience retail heaven with its many shops such as Oxygen, Penshoppe, Mango, Topshop, Promod, People Are People, The Body Shop, National Bookstore, Ace Hardware, Toy Kingdom, Toby’s Sport and much more.
The mall first opened in November 1993, and was seen as catering to the low and middle class of shoppers, in contrast to its upmarket competitor, Ayala Centre Cebu which opened a few months later. An expansion wing that particularly targeted upper class customers was added in 2007. As of 2009, the mall has undergone major renovations. Expansion plans with a hotel and convention centre are being developed. More shops are being proposed in 2012.
SM City Cebu is a four-level complex featuring eight cinemas with a total seating capacity of 8,848, a food court, a fully computerized bowling centre, 8,000-square meter amusement centre, and a 2,000-square meter trade hall. Before the addition of the North wing, it had a car park capacity of 1,629.
The North wing expansion, opened in 2007, features two floors of retail stores, restaurants, and cafes. It houses more than 200 tenants and caters to a more upscale clientele. The expansion also added three levels of covered parking, and a one level of roof deck parking.
SM City Cebu, opened on November 27, 1993 with an area of 161,562 m2 (1,739,040 sq ft ). Initially To attract shoppers, Manila-based movie and television stars and entertainers performed free concerts at the mall. Free jeepney rides to the mall were offered to fulfil the lack of available public transportation.
Construction on SM City Cebu's expansion building, dubbed the North wing, began in March 2006. The expansion, which was developed at a cost of Peso’s 1.3 billion ( US$30.5 million ), was built on the parking lot to the north of the existing building, temporarily decreasing the number of parking spaces by more than 30%. The North wing was started in April 2007, and opened in November 2007, featuring spacious hallways catering to the leisure market and upper class customers, while the existing mall, re dubbed as the South wing, is targeted for those who love the hustle and bustle. It increased the total gross floor area of SM City Cebu by 107,049 m2 ( 1,152,270 sq ft ), for a total of 268,611 m2
( 2,891,300 sq ft ).
IMAX ~ In early 2008, SM Prime Holdings signed a deal with IMAX Corporation for the opening of additional IMAX theatres, following the success of the country's first IMAX theatre at SM Mall of Asia. The IMAX theatre planned for SM City Cebu will replace cinema four screens. It will feature clearer picture quality due to its use of a digital projector rather than a film projector. A budget of Peso’s100-million ( $2.4 million ) was allotted for the renovation and was opened to the public last July 9, 2010 with James Cameron's Avatar in 3D