View allAll Photos Tagged developers
Developers at the facebook f8 hackathon. Bart and I were going to write an app, but we were a bit tired and decided to hang out with the Red Bull peeps.
This photo is licensed under a Creative Commons license. If you use this photo within the terms of the license or make special arrangements to use the photo, please list the photo credit as "Scott Beale / Laughing Squid" and link the credit to laughingsquid.com.
•TEPIC
992 hectares (2450 acres) on new hwy with distant ocean views. Ready for development. 4-5 km to beach. Only 65,000 pesos (appros $7150 U.S.)per hectare.(2.47 acres in a hectare)
FIU Hollo School Developers Luncheon
Miami, Florida | November 18, 2016
Tibor and Sheila Hollo School of Real Estate: business.fiu.edu/academic-departments/real-estate/
Master of Science in International Real Estate: msire.fiu.edu/
To learn more about the Hollo School Developers Luncheon please visit: biznews.fiu.edu/2016/11/visionary-real-estate-project-tak...
Okay, so I can see why the two are made for each other. These ended up being amazing! Great contrast, edge sharpness, and tonal separation. While there is some grain, it is pleasing and only adds to the images.
You can read the full review online
www.alexluyckx.com/blog/index.php/2021/06/14/film-review-...
Nikon FE - AI-S Nikkor 50mm 1:1.4 - Adox Silvermax @ ASA-100
Adox Silvermax Developer (1+29) 11:00 @ 20C
Scanner: Epson V700
Editor: Adobe Photoshop CC
Leica M3
Summicron 5cm f2 (collapsible)
Ilford HP5+
Home made developer (ID-11/D-76 Prescription) stock @20℃ 7.5min
GOD PERVADES ALL.ALL KNOWY SAID NOT HERE TO HAVE YOUR SAY I ALL KNOWY AM OR AM HERE TO CHECK POWER WITH YOU OR BE DECIMATING YOU TO PROVE IT THE POWERS I HAVE ALL THE TIME BUT KNOW THE WE AS A LIMITS AS THE LIMITLESSEST.WE GAVE YOU ABSOLUTE ZERO THROUGH ULTRA--EINSTEIN HIS CO-INVENTOR RELATIVITY------INREACH AS A OBSERVER HE DESCRIBED IN HIS ESSAYS ONE AS A CHILD OF ONE BRINGING HIM TO BE THE RECORDER FROM ASSISTANT IT.OPPOSED BY SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY AS A THINKER OF THE RELATIVITY NOT BUT ZERO REPORTS AS A WRITER WHO HAD BECOME WISER THAN MANY SO THEY WANTED HIM REPLACED TO MOUNT THE EMPLOYMENT PROVIDER POSSIBLE AS EXCELLENT IN AREAS THEY FELT NEEDING RESEARCHES TO MAKE THIS EARTH A AMNABLE PLANET TO LIVE LIKE A HEAVEN..POLATED BY THE WE AS A WRITER DOCTOR SSKOHLI IN THE YEAR NINETEEN THIRTY IN AN ESSAY DENOUNCING GANDHI'S AS A ASS AS A TAKING GOAT'S MILK OF NO QUALITY GOOD AS A ASSY AS A SHEPHEARDS AS A SAY AS A IS TO GIVE WEAK KNEES TO STRONG KNEED AS ASS TO BE TAKING THREE TOO LIKE LACED PARSIS DESECRATED AS MOST CHARMING TOO AS A SHY AS A LASSES LIKE A HUNGRY WOLVES LIKE PASTED ON HE BY WE NOT ENGLISH.
OUR INVENTION IN THE ROPE ARE THREE THOUSANDS.MADE BY THE OUR FRONTMAN MISTER M.S.KOHLII ALONE-NOT WITH OTHERS-AS A DEVELOPERS------AS A WE REACHING ALWAYS FIRST SINGLY THINKING THEN PERSUADING OTHERS AS A RISE AS A WE AS A HABIT TO EVOLVE A NATION AS THE NUMBER ONE ON THE PLANET AS A BORN AS A REPORTED BY PEOPLE TWO HUNDRED IN COURT MANIFESTOS GIVEN IN SINGLE AS A SINGLE HAPPENING WITH THEY AND THE POLICE IN A SINGLE GO ASK THE ME WE AS A SEEN AS A SEES AS A WE FROM THE THIS ASS A THIEF OF OUR THIRTY THOUSAND INVENTION IN THE NOT NOTING AS A ATMOSPHERE AS A WE TO BE AS A PROJECT AS-----AS A IT WE THE INTERNATIONAL WHAT WE THE WE THE SAR ANSH ON THE THIS EARTH AS A WE AS A SAAK TO THE HOND=EXISTANCE HERE SEEING UTTER FAILURES ASSY AS A TO WE ONLT..DEATH THREAT WE AS A DELHI IN COMING IF AS A STARTS AS A THESE SINCE SEVENTY SIX AS A ASSINGS AS A WE AS A NONE AS A THEY AS A HUNDREDS AS A WE TO DULLEN SPRAYING CYANIDE BEFORE OUR CAR SO WE DAZE AND STRIKE AS WAS AS A SHEIKH'S AND DIANA-CHARLES-ELI-II'S CAR TO DONE IN A FRANCE TUNNEL'S SAFE ENCLOSURE ALLOWING THEY TO BUILD UPWARDS A CONCENTRATION REAR IN FROM REAR SPRAYING AS WE DEVISED FOR TRACTORS AS A START AS A MACHINE WE'S AS A SERTER AS A TOO TO COMBINE AS TO LOWER COST AS A FACTOR NOT ASKED BUT THOUGHT OF AS A VERY POOR MADE TILL TWO WHEELER AND STICK TILL HARVESTER WE'S -----------AS A WE TO THEIVES BE AS A SERVICES GIVEN BY THESE THIEVES AS A SHRI K.K.PAUL AS A OMITAS AS A TOO WE TO UGC AS A DESIRES THEN NOT NURSED AS A DEPOSED BY THEY THREE FOUR FROM POSITION OURS FOR LIFE ELECTED BY ALL IN THE WORLD SEEING OUR ABOVE LIFE CONTRIBUTION THAT COULD LAST A BILLION YEARS AS A THESE THREE FOUR DECIMATED IN KILLING WE TAKING OUR ID CARDS AND PUTTING U.N. AND OTHERS AS A HUNDRED SEVENTY NATIONS IN CYANIDE UNDER KILLING THEIR ASSETS AS A WHATANS USING THEY AS A HEAD OF THE UNITED NATIONS AS JUSTIN AND LICENCING AUTHORITY SUPREME COURTS ALL AS A MOUNT.HAVING FINISHED WE ON THREE COUNTS ERLIER THE THEY AS A OMITA-----A DEPUTY SECRETARY OUR RAJPAL KAUR AS ASKING WE TO WRITE AS A SOLE LANDOWNER A NOTE TO JUNIORS AS A PRESIDENT INDIA .START A ARMY AGAINST WE'S OWNING THEIR COUNTRY..CALLING SOLE LANDOWNER WITH A HANDCUFF THREAT IF COMES NOT AS A START TO EXPLAIN WHY ARMY NOT BE HEAD AS A PROTECTOR OF LAND -----------ASKING HE TO COME WITH FAMILY OR ALL BE PUNISHED------ARRESTING HE IN TEN ON ENTRY-KILL IN THROWING HE IN CYANIDE AS A DEATH CERTAIN---------SEEING HE SURVIVING AS A GOD ASSEMBLING A HUNDRED THIRTY TOO NOT A ENTIRE PLATOON OF FIVE THOUSAND.ORDERING RAPES AS A SERIOUS OFFENCE KILLING CONFIDENCE OF OUR NICE godly WOMEN IN THE RACE HUMAN TELLING THEY CALL GOD OF EARTH MENTIONED ON THE CARD OF JUSTIN UNITED NATIONS GIVING HE HUMAN AS A EXISTING GOD A POSSIBLE FLING TO A WOMAN WHO PRAYS HE TO BE HERS TOO IN PLAY OF LIFE IN HE------THINKING A COMMON HUMAN AS A FEEL WILL ARRIVE IN HE MAY BE SOME DAY LEAVING HIS AUSTERITY TO BE IN ENJOY TOO OF LIFE AS IS TO A COMMON NOW BECAUSE OF HE THE HEAVEN GIVER FIRST OF THIS EARTH.HE WE SEE NEVER WOULD HAVE AS TOO THE WISE OF THE THESE LINE PUTTER WERE AS A ENTHUSERS AS A WE AGAINST TOO IN THE SAME MOMENT ERASURE OF THE WE AS A NON-ARMY UNIFORM WEARER MAJOR GENERAL OF UNITED NATIONS(1967)DUELY INSTRUCTED TO INDIA TOO TO MAKE HE IT AS A CONSCIOUS DECISION OF THE WORLD AS ASKING IT HE HEAD IT AS A OPPOSE AS A ABSOLUTE NOT SENT AS A IT BUT DONE IN PERSUE OF TWO AWARDS TO WE OF THE ORDER OF THE ARMY GENERAL BY THE ARMY AS A OPPOSED AS A FORCED WITHOUT THEY EVER ALLOWED TO CONDUCE WHAT IT AS A WISE IAS AS A THOUGHT AS A SWARMING THEY WITH A ORDER AS A ARMY GENERAL ABOVE ONE WE AS A GOD FORCED INTO IT AS A WE TO M.S.KOHLII A LIFE OR DEATH.BOTH AWARDS THROWN INTO DUST BIN BEFORE DEAD AS A BECOMING TIME AND AGAIN AND WE GOD THE SUPREME FORCE EARTH ENTERING AGAIN AND AGAIN FORCIBLY TO OPEN EYES OF THESE SCOUNDRELS ASKING THEY THROUGH HE STUDY WHAT GREAT WE DID AS TO BE GIVEN ALSO A HELIPAD,A OFFICE FOR SUMMER AS A GOVT CONSTRUCTED BUILDING IN SHIMLA/SIMLA AND TOO IN DELHI IF WE ASK PASSED BY PARLIAMENT AS A TWO HIGHEST TO A MAJOR GENERAL FIGHTING ALL ALONE A BATTLE AN ARMY CAN AS WE FOUGHT SINCE SIXTY BOMBING BY PAKISTAN AND WINNING FOUR MAJOR BATTLES ERLIER UNAWARDED AS A DECIMATION ENTIRE OF PAKISTAN AND IT AS THEY THREE FOUR ACTING TROUNCING THE GOVERNMENT IN INDIA AS A START THEIRS AS A TAKEOVERS.STEP THIRTY THOUSAND IN TILL HUNDRED SEVENTY COUNTRY AS A SYNDICATE THIRTY FOUR OF A CRORE MEN EACH AS A ARMY ON THE WORLD NOW THOUGH YOU DO NOT CARE SO WE DO.WRITING HERE HER AND HER SON'S DEATH GONE IN VAIN WERE UNLESS WE DO SO.AS A TRIBUTE OURS TO A MRS INDIRA GANDHI AS A HONEST AND TRUTH. SO TOO TOO TO THE HONORABLEMOST JACQUILINE TOO JOHN F TOO KILLED BY THESE AS WERE A RICHARD AS A DIRECTOR C.I.A. IN A WAR ON HONEST AND SERIOUS SOLVERS OF HUMANE PROVIDERS OF ECONOMY TO THE PLANET AS OF BRASH MEN ACTING TRADER EATING TOO OTHERS AS A DIETS.OUR DEARS AS A RICHARD NIXON AS A SAINT FROM POLATED SIN AND THIEF BY THESE THE WATERGATE ITSELF ALL STEPS TILL I CAN UNRAVEL TOO TO THE RIGHT IF WANT BUT NOW IN NO WASTING OF EVIDENCE TO BE IN ME AS A HABIT ME MYSELF BEING TOO IMPORTANT TOO TO ME AS A IS TO MY BODY MANNED BY SOUL .OUR DEAR LYNDON B.JOHNSON TOO KILLED BY THEM IN OFFICE WERE IN CYANIDE INSERT FIRST NOT TO HE THIRD AS A CONSTANT TILL HEART DIED TILL.
-following he asking multiple questions on how to do what to do etc. with no feel of what they are going to get....SO WE EXAMINE THEIR CONTRIBUTION AND ALLOCATION NEED.I GOD AS ALLOWED THEY THE QUESTION ASKERS ON BEHALF THE GOVERNMENT OFFICERS GIVEN DUTY OF DEVELOPING A PRODUCT SAID NOW AS A FALSER AS A IT AS NOTHING OF THAT SORT EVER CAME TO BE BY THE YEAR SIXTY SEVEN WHEN THEY ALL ALL AT ONCE MADE A PUTT AS A WARS AS A SPUTTER AS A NOT BUT AS A KUPUTRS AS A MURDEROUS WEAPONS OF THE THEY IN THE GOVERNMENT UNDER PRESSURE OF THE DHUSSARS HAVING TAKEN OVER CONTROLS AS A WE AS A AGAINST OF OUR CHARGE ACHIEVED BY OUR FRONT AS THE GOD WE THE GENERATOR LIKE GENERATING IDEAS IN THREE THOUSAND LINES OF THE COMMERCE THAT WE ADDED TO YOUR WORLD OF TWO TWENTY LINES NOT BUT TWENTY THREE AS A LISTABLE INCLUDING A GALTI HUI AS A TALKS AS A VERY POOR EXPRESSIONS AS A LANGUAGES WHICH TOO WE DEVELOPED THROUGH OUR DEVICES.WE GAVE WE AS A ONE ONLY AS A HE AT A LOWER LEVEL THIRTY SEVEN TIMES LOWER TILL NIL--------AT WHICH IDEA COMING STOPS.SO WE GAVE ONE ONLY WHO WE CONSIDE TO INVENTIONS HIS GIVEN.WE DO NOT TOUCH OTHERS IT IS NOT AS A CHORS GIVING NONE TOO IN THE RETURN AS IS PROHIBITED IN THE LAW.SO WE ASK WHY WE NOT IMPRISON THEY AS A OUR INHABITANT UNABLE TO ACHIEVE THEY THEIR ENDS INCLUDING THE EVERREADY AS A COMPANY OR KODAK OR A MICO PLUG OR A AGFA OR A ENTIRE INTERNET OR A ENTIRE GLASS BASED PRODUCTS INCLUDING MICROSCOPES TELESCOPES.THREE THOUSAND AS A LINES AS A THIRTY LAKH =THREE MILLION PRODUCTS AS A SALE OF LEGALLY TOO OTHERWISE TOO AS A WE AS A TO BE MAKING THEM ALL.OR LAY A CESS ALL HAVE TO PAY BASED ON UNPAID AS A WE AS A FOUR NOT ONE.THROUGH THE UNITED NATIONS.WHY DID UNITED NATIONS TAKE UP THE SALE OF OUR REGISTERED AS A FEW NOT MULTIPLE IN THE RANGE TWO THOUSAND PLUS THEN AS A MULTITUDE AS A LISTS AS A WE AS A NOT CIRCULATED BUT THEY THEIR AS A WE AS A KNOWLEDGE AS A TOO IN THE POLICE AS A RECORDS AS A IS WHICH IN CAN BE CONSULTED WE WILL IT AS A IT AS.ALL CASES OF THE BAZIGAR BE WE TO ASSOCIATED.THEIR VAKILS AS A WE AS A ASSED MOST PROBABLY AS A COOTERS OF OUR COURTS AS A WE AS A TO GIVING POISONS THROUGH OUR RELATIVES ON ZULM AS A FORCING THROUGH WE ON A ZULMS INTENSE A A VULGARS AS A DESERVING DEATHS AS A WE TO IN IT THE THEY BY ADMINISTERED WHETHER WE DIED OR NOT TOO BE ASCERTAINED FROM WE IN THE WHOLE TILL ATE TRY IN BEING TILL TILLERED TILLORY AS A WE AS A STORY BE PUBLISHED IN THE WE BY POINTED ALL NEWSPAPERS AS A WE AS A CHARGE IS THE WE AS A THE TOTAL LANDOWNER ON WHICH YOU ALL AS A ARE IN THE BUSINESSES WE BY COINED IN ORDER TO EVOLVE A EARTH WITH A JOB FOR EVERYONE SO THE OTHER TENDENCIES AS A IS AS A CHORS AS A DO NOT COME UP.
IF NOT EARNING FROM SELLING THE SUGGESTIONS TAKEN FROM HE AND DEVELOPED BY THEY HAVING BENEFITED FROM THEY AS A FORCE AS A GENERATED AS A ARE THERE IN THE DELHI AS A CHOR BAZAR IN THE CAR AS A FEW AS A WE AS A ALWAYS IN THE REACH WE TO BE WAYLAID AS A WRITER OF THE EVIDENCES AS A AGAINST THEY THE CHOR.TODAY THEIR NUMBER IS THE DL 8C AH 3011.A AMBASSADOR LOOKING LIKE CAR AS A TRAVELLER AS A THREE MOST CHOR AS A CAR MECHANICS AS A HURT BEARING NOT BUT TOO IN THE MOST BADMASH AS HAVING BEEN RECEIVED BY ANIL NEXT DOOR SON IN LAW OF A POLICER WE SEE WHO WERE ADMINISTERED ARSENIC SULFIDE AS A POISONOUS SUBSTANCE TO HAVE HE SIGNS OF THAT POISONING IN THE CITY OF THE SONEPAT TOO MURTHAL WE TO HAVING BEEN A TROUBLE AS A WE AS A MADE THIRTY YEAR BACK COMPLAINTS BEING SUSPECTED TO BE FALSE AS A PROCESS SERVER AS A ARRIVED HOW BUT SO WRITTEN AS A CIVIL HOSPITAL AS A DISCHARGERS AS A WE AS A CIVIL AS A BEING TO DEATH.HIS WIFE IS BEING VISITED BY SIKHS OF AGE TWELVE TO THIRTY BY THE WAY WE NOT IT AS A THE SANSIS AS. AS A WE AS A IT IS A CASE OF A RAPES BY THEM.THEY WE SEE DISAPPEARING AS WE WROTE THE STORY OF A CID OFFICER OF THE RANK OF THE INSPECTOR NOT SENIOR.FROM I.B. SINCE EIGHT YEARS IN IT DUE CHAUTALA AS A THIEF OF OUR PROPERTY ALONGWITH THE A.S. BRAR GROUP.WHO AS PER BADAL IS HIS BROTHER BEING SON OF THE DEVI LAL HIS FATHER IN THE PRE-PARTITION DAYS AS WELL WE ASK THE PROOF OF HE BEING A INDIAN. TWICE DISCARDED AS A CHANDIGARH COURT AS A IT AS A CASES AS A FOUR BY THE YEJDI SAID YAD JI AS A NAME AS.WHO WE SAY WERE A PAKISTANI OF THE TRIBE SANSI SMUGGLERS.HERE WE DEPOSIT NOT BUT TOO IN THE REACH OF THE THESE TOO TO THEY THE THESE DIRTY GIRLS A A SAY THEIRS AS A WE AS A NUT.
TILL 1955 THE ROPES WERE ,
BUT THEY WERE MADE FROM ANIMAL SKIN OR INTESTINE.IN THE PLANET EARTH.
THERE IS NO ESCAPE.
TODAY ROPE IS MADE FROM SYNTHETIC SUBSTANCES ALL OF THE MAKE WE.
WE CITE THE U.N. COURT .THE WE TODAY LEARNT THE ROPE MAKING FROM SANN PLANT .THEN IN A MONTH IN THE SAME FILE IS THE WE AS A SANN AS A DIFFERENT IS.THEN A THIRD AS A WE AS A TOKRI MAKING IS AS A SMALL.OVERTAKEN BY MONEY DEFICIENT DACOITY IN THE THEIR VEIN A LANCERS AS A AFFECTING THE DELHI WERE A TWENTY LAKH SANSIS.INCURSED AS A SIKH AS.BY THE GANGSTER OF THE TRIBE DAANVEER AS A SEMANTIC SPERM DONORS AS A BAZI SHOWY AS A WE AS AVERY VERY A YOGIS INVOLVED IN SIDHIS AS A ACHIEVED WHAT THEY CALLED JADU=MAGIC OR BAZI OF THEY THE BAZIGARS AS A INCLUDED IN THE FUND SPENDING OF OURS TO TRAIN THE WE LOOKING FALLEN FROM THE BIWI LIKE A SMALL----NOT INVESTIGATED THAT IT WERE BECAUSE OF THEM..APPLYING VARIOUS PRODUCTS THAT COULD INFLUENCE MIND BODY SOUL AS A POISON PLANT BASED,SNAKE BASED,OTHER ANIMAL LIKE SEH BASED,GOH BASED AS A GOH CATCHERS,AS A HYOSCYAMUS,AS A SHEH OF THE SNEHS NOT BUT TOO IN THE APPLY GOT OF THE WATER LIKE ARK OF THE SAMUNDRI JHAGG AS A DEAD SEA AS A COLLECTED AND SOLD EVEN NOW TILL AS A VERY VERY NERVE WRECKING POISON OPENLY IN INDIA AS ARE A TWENTY THOUSAND OTHERS POTENTIATING HOUSE BREAKING WITHOUT LOOKING LIKE.BY INTRODUCING A LITTLE POISON ON A DOORBELL,DOOR OR A WIREMESH WHEREFROM IT GOES INTO HOUSE AFFECTING ALL RESIDENTS.GENERALLY WITHIN A MONTH TOO IF THEIR CONCENTRATION IS.KILLING A FAMILY.REMOVED .THE HOUSE READY FOR SALE IS AS A SUCH OR RENOMINATED RENOVATED BY A LEGAL DEVICE AS A LETTER CONFISCATED AS A WE AS A SHOWED AS A WE AS A SUPERIOR IN THE POLICE WE.IN THE CITY OF THE DELHI IN THE MONTH OF THE THIS JANUARY TOO IN THE SIXTY THREE WE AS A INFORM IN TOO IN THE W AS A KNOWN ESCAPE IN NOT BUT THERE NOT AS A WE AS A SEEN HERE TOO IN THE CITY MOHALI TWO TIMES WRITTEN AS A INVESTIGATED BUT NOT ANY ACTIVITY VISIBLE WAS.CITY POLICE OFFICE SHIFTED FROM HERE FROM NEAR WE SO WE DO NOT GO THERE AS WE DID.IN CASES AS A IT AS A WE AS A VERY VERY ALERT AS A WERE DOING A SERVICE TO DEVELOP POLICE.HOWEVER WE ARE WE AS A NONE BUT SO REPORTED BY THE THEIR OWN ENEMIES.
WE=GOD OF ALL THE ORIGINAL EVOLVER OF ALL POSSIBLE TO BE AWARDED AS ONE PARTY FOR THE CONTRIBUTION CONSIDERING INPUT OF GOD IN ALL THOUGHT THAT LEAD TO INVENTIONS,NEW THOUGHTS,IDEAS,CULTURES,GAMES-----------ALL THAT COMES FROM A BRAIN INVOLVED COMPLETELY IN SOLVING DIFFICULT PROBLEMS EVOLVING INVENTIONS---------INTENSELY PLOUGHING MIND BODY SOUL INTO IT LOOKING FOR SOLUTIONS TO GOD AND ALL DATA ALREADY ON RECORD ALL BROUGHT INTO EXISTANCE BY THE MOTHER NATURE NOT OR ALL OR SOME AMBITIOUS EXISTING ON A PLANET INTERESTED IN CORNERING OR LISTING A SOLUTION EVOLVED BY A INTENSELY RESEARCHING EVOLVER INVENTING OR SUGGESTING AS A NEW THOUGHT EQUALING A INVENTION ITSELF WORTHY OF THE SCIENTIFIC EVALUATION AS A THOUGHT OF THE TIMES AS A SOLUTION TO SOME OR MORE OR ALL THE POSSIBLE PROBLEMS AS A BASIS AS A EVALUATION FOR IN THE VIEW OF THE GOD OF ALL AS THE OVERALL AUTHORITY IN REACH OF ALL SOLUTIONS TO ALL AT ALL TIMES LETTING THE SOLUTION TO THE INTENSELY RESEARCHING IN AREAS VISITED BY HE SHE .IN EVOLVE HE SHE COMES AS A SECOND SECONDARY IF EVALUATED BY COSMOS LATER THAN EVOLVE.BUT IS PRIMARY IF LOOKED FROM THE ANGLE OF THE PLANET AS A PHYSICAL REALITY HAPPENING BEFORE IT ..AS WHICH IT IS RECORDED OR ASSIMILATED BY SOME THIEVES.......AS ALSO SOMETIMES COMES TO LIGHT AT OTHER ESCAPES.WE GOD EVER EVERYTHING OURS TO BE LISTED AS A OURS.AS ALSO OF THE ACHIEVER WHO COMES TO ACHIEVE.ANY OTHER TO ASCRIBE PER WE IS A CRIME ABSOLUTE.THE MONIES AS A ASCRIBES AS A EXCHANGES EXHIBITED IN ANY PHYSICAL AS A IS A COURT OR A GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENT,POLICE RECORD/POTLI/FILE,UNIVERSITY PAPER,POLL RECORDS AS A IS A PERMANENT RECORDS AS A RACE ANY INFRINGE OF THE SAME WE CONSIDE TO THE WE AGAINST A ACTION,AS A ACTIVITY AS A DEATH ASA PENAL ACTION AS A NECESSITY AS IS AGAINST A R.C. PAUL WHOSE SERVICES WERE CANCELLED BY THE DELHI MAGISTRATE FOR HAND IN THE RAPISTS AS RESTRAINING THE PARTY CALLED TO ATTEND A CASE IN THE HIGH COURT LISTED THE COURT OF THE UNION WERE THAT HE HIS WIFE GOT CONDUCTED IN THE GREED GIVEN NOT BUT TOO...THAT THAT PARTY WERE OWNER WORLD LAND SOLD BY CHRISTIAN COUNTRIES TO THE SON THEIRS EXCHANGE AS A MATTER NOT FINDING MONEYS ENOUGH TO PAY SUCH EVALUA ALREADY FOUND TO HAVE PAID FULLY THE PRICE OF THE LAND OF EARTH AT THE VALUE CITED AS A EXCHANGED UNDERHAND FROM LAW AS A HIGHEST MARKET VALUES AS A THREE THOUSAND TIMES MORE VALUES GIVEN BY THE THIS COURT AS A WRONG COURT TOO IN THE JUSTICE AGAINST WE THE SIKHS WHO OWN THEM AS A CULTURE AS A ONE BELONGING TO A SIKH RELIGION AS A EXPLANATION SAID TIME AND AGAIN AS A STRONGLY BUILT SOME TWENTY MEN TO A SINGLE SEXED AS A SEVEN NIGHT WOMAN SHE HERS AS A IN THE PRESENCE OF HER HUSBAND AS A GOVT HEAD OF THE POLICE IN THE INDIA AS A SAIDS NOW AS A THANEDAR AS A LEVEL AS A IT IN THE WRITING IN THE YEAR HE WERE THERE THEN.AS A MAGISTRATE'S NOTES WILL CLARIFY OUR ACCUSE.THANEDAR AS A SUB INSPECTOR.IN IT WE ACCUSE THE RC PAUL AS A RETIRED MAN HOW AND HOW NOT A KRISHAN KANT PAUL AS A MAN WE GOT MULTIPLE ADVANTAGES AS A NEXT DOOR NEIGHBOURER DUE THE REQUESTS AND POLITE APPROACHES OF HIS MOTHER TO US.TO US CURRENT THREAT OF OUR SON TO DEATH IS AS A ADVERTISEMENT INSERT IN THE OUR SIDE NOT BUT TOO VISIBLE TOO TO THE FLICKR TEAM AS A SUBSIDED AS A SERVICE WINDOW TO WE BEING CLOSED BY THE THEY THE DIVISION TAKER AS A SUBSERVIENT TO DEATHS AS A WE AS A SERVE BE IN THE TIME WE FEEL FIT.WE ASK THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA CENTRAL AS A FULCRUM AS A
EVALUATE THE MATTER IN THE RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS WING OF THE POLICE.IT IS BY WE MADE AND TOO BECAUSE OF A SYSTEM OF POLICE WE AS A SUGGESTED IT AS A TOO WE BY TO THE P.M. INDIRA GANDHI AS TOO TO KEEP AN EYE ON THE P.M.s.AND ALL ELSE TAKING ACTION AGAINST THEY DIRECTLY OR OTHERWISE AS A CIN AS A METHOD POLICE IS USING OR STOPPING THEY WITHOUT IT.IN SERIOUS LAPSE OF DUTY AS A ABSENTING IS FROM OFFICE FOR MORE THAN A HOUR IN THE OFFICE TIME.OR NOT SEEING TO IT THAT A BASIC TRUTH IS.AND ANY DEVIATE UNDER PRESSURE IS SEEN AND ACTED,FASTESTS AS A POLICER JAMES BONDS..GIVEN THE AUTHORITY OVERALL.GIVEN A NAME RESEARCH ANALYSIS BY WE ON RECORDS ALL DIRECTLY TO THE PRIME MINISTER IN NEED OF A SUPREME COURT AS A LICENCE FROM WE THE LICENCING AUTHORITY PUT INTERNATIONALLY BY THE UNITED NATIONS.
IN OUR CONSIDERATION THE ACTUAL OWNER ALL IS THE PLANET NOT PEOPLE OR OTHER LIVING ON IT NOT BUT THE GOD.HE IS THE FIRST TO BE ASCRIBED ANY EVOLVE.IN ANY LINE OF SCIENTIFIC OR OTHER RESEARCH.LOGICAL OR NOT REACHED THROUGH CLEAR LINES OF LOGIC NOT EVEN-COMING AS A FLASH FROM THE GOD AS IS THE HUNDRED PERCENT.
THIS WAS CLEAR TO THE PEOPLE OF THE PLANET TILL A FEW UNINTELLIGENTS CAME UPON A SCHEME TO TAKEOVER ALL OF ALL IN THE PLANET INTO THEIR OWN HANDS.
POLICE IS AT FAULT FOR OVERLOOKING.
IT OVERLOOKED TWO COMPLAINTS FIRST.OF THE THEFT OF THE CARDS OF GREAT IMPORTANCE AS CARDS OF A POSITION.IMPLYING THAT ANY GHONCHU=ILLICITER CAN USE IT AS A MISUSES AS A MANY TIMES OVER AND ABOVE THE WHOLE EARTH IN AUTHORITY.AS WE SAW IN THE COMPLAINT FIRST DATED THREE OF THE TWENTY THREE WE.WE HERE WE AS A IS.IS TO BE INTERPOLATED LEST THE POLICE FROM DATA SLIPS.IT IS THE LOOSE MADE ORGAN ON THE ROCK READY TO BE PUNISHED FOR ANY AND ALL IN THE WE AS A SECONDARY TOO NOT PRIMARY IMPORTANCE.IN BEING OFFICIAL SENIORMOST AS A COUNTRY INDIA AS A DEMOCRACY TOO EXPRESSED AS A PARLIAMENT IN THE DATE SEVENTH OF THE SEVENTY FOUR AFTER A MEMBER OF THE RAJYA SABHA MADE A MATTER IN WRITING AS A BRIEFESTS AS A NOT BUT ATTACHED THE COURT PAPERS WHICH WE AS A S.S.KOHLI A SENIORMOST U.G.C. PROFESSOR GAVE NOT BUT TOO SAID AS AS A SIN IN CYANIDED =POISONED BY THE POLICER MISTER K.K.PAUL AS A NAMED CROOK FRONT-CROOKS OVERTAKEN MAN AS--OVERTAKEN FROM THE DATE OF THE TWO OF THE SIXTH MONTH OF THE YEAR SIXTY NINE------THROUGH A MAN KNOWN TO HIM AS OUR FAMILY MISTER D.I.S.KOHLII.NEVER TO BE CONSULTED ESPECIALLY IF KNOWN IN CYANIDING THE AUTHORITY TO JOIN OTHER IN PERSUADES SOMEHOW IN THE PHYSICALITY.AS WAS A K.K.PAUL TO CLEAR BUT AS A THREATENED TILL MOTHER,SISTER AND SEXES THREE BEFORE HE TO HIS WIFE BY THE D.I.S.KOHLI SAID BY SEXING ASSAULTER AS A CROOKS INTERESTED IN TAKING HIS POSITION CLEARLY MENTIONED IF JOINING THEN NOT OTHERWISE ASSAULTS IN HIS PRESENCE AS A CAUGHT BY SOME AND AS A SEXES BY SOME TO CONTINUE WERE ON HIM NOT HIS WIFE IN HIS PRESENCE.HIS MIND ADDICTED WERE BY INJECTION OF CHEMICAL .HE OVERTAKEN IN IT ALLOWED ..THINKING WILL REPORT BUT DID NOT SO THE STATE AS A IT THIS MATTER THE STATE OWNER ALLOWING THE DEMOCRACY IN THE STATE CAME TO HAPPEN.D.I.S.KOHLI/KOHLII TOO A CATCH FAR LESSER THAN THE POLICER HOW WERE IS A POINT WE DISCUSS.
THE SECOND
I will probably not like it in the morning.
Its the morning and I don't mind it but it looked better when all the lights were off..
Every software project involves aspects of risk. With respect to the nature from the project, these risks can differ, however they could possibly be grouped into five groups.
5 Kinds of software developer Risk
Budget Risk: the chance of projects groing through budget. Possibly the most typical risk in software development and frequently associated with other risks.
Personnel Risk: the chance of losing or lack of project team people. Even when for a while, this can lead to delays and errors.
Understanding Risk: when you will find understanding silos or even the change in details are poor. The entire process of relearning leads to additional labor, time, and sources.
Productivity Risk: this risk is typical in lengthy projects, specially when deadlines and goals are lengthy-term. This atmosphere creates deficiencies in immediacy which leads to deficiencies in emergency of labor.
Time Risk: product delays are-too-common in software developer often the outcomes of poor planning, impractical timelines, and also the lack of ability to adjust to altering product needs.
Managing These Risks in Agile Development
Startup Stock Photos
The agile methodology inherently addresses a number of these risks. That stated, they're still prevalent in lots of agile environments, frequently due to project team mistakes, planning errors, failures in process, and unpredicted changes as products evolve. Here we will address each software development risk and just how it may be were able to mitigate delays, mistakes, along with other barriers to shipping a effective product.
Risk - Budget
Solution - Moving Wave Planning
In product, you always make assumptions that can't be proven or disproven until more details opens up. As development progresses, objectives or goals may shift, or even the product might need to pivot to become viable.Moving wave planning is made to take into account this. Teams make product decisions when they're within the best position to ensure software developer are, instead of presenting very detailed plans at the outset of the work.
The developer's two signboards [ 宇 樓 豐 僑 - means Kiu Fung Apartments ], which appeared at locations A and B in the early 1960s, were at some time removed (when ?)
Lower left photo showing just days before the buildings were demolished, those remaining steel studs which used to support the signboard, could still be located ( at upper right hand side and finger pointing the lower left hand side of this photo )
After studies have been conducted on the specific group of users, it’s switched right into a profile or user persona that imitates a genuine customer. Basically, a persona is personified data produced from user behaviours, attitudes, discomfort points, as well as their wants and needs inside a particular product. Instead of tailoring an software developer to meet the requirements of the generic group, a persona was created having a specific number of users in your mind.
Personas illustrate the goals and behaviors of users while areas examine patterns in census for example age, location, sex, salary, and so forth. Both of them are essential however, personas offer lots of advantages throughout the development process.
1. Promote User-Focused Outcomes
Frequently, an application can morph in to the desires from the designer as opposed to the user. To avert this, the expansion process must focus on a person-focused goal all actions should be created using the consumer in your mind. With this to happen, they must adopt the outlook during the finish user to create an application that resonates using its users. Personas ought to be used through the development process and never as just one phase. Reinforcing the consumer persona through the entire process will be sure that the entire team remains centered on their primary goal. Without having done this, the end result from the final software developer might not match the users’ wants.
lady-smartphone-girl-technology
2. Establishes Consensus During Development
Raw information is frequently hard to interpret however, a persona encapsulates the study and communicates the trends to other people in a manner that they are able to understand and visualize. Inside a team of developers, you will find usually individuals with different skills and expertise that could cause a positive change of opinions. A person persona is a superb tool to prevent confusion and miscommunications through the development process. The persona communicates ideas and ideas using the team of developers, stakeholders, and users. Effectively, it helps to ensure that everybody is on a single page and understands who the prospective audience is.
Startup Stock Photos
3. Validates All Decisions
An application idea is made, but could it be really exactly what the user needs and wants? While it’s important to determine who the application will target, it’s more essential to understand the consumer particularly desires. Without validation, the end result won’t deliver just what the finish user needs and can ultimately be pointless. All decisions and actions which are made throughout the development process must have a person-focused reasoning. When the development process starts to stray from concentrating on meeting the users’ needs, the application will likely fail.
User personas are valuable for everybody throughout the development process to be able to boost the quality and efficiency of the work. A persona increases product quality since it directly addresses the finish users discomfort points and fixes issues that software developer presently experience. Understanding and meeting a particular categories of users’ needs will be sure that the application is really a success. Narrowing in on the specific group of users will yield greater download rates and most importantly, it'll keep up with the engagement from the users.
Microsoft Certified Professional Developer Software Engineer Business Cards
My Referral Code for a discount off your first order
Michael Kappel, MCPD (Microsoft Certified Professional Developer)
My new custom software engineer business cards with the 23 GOF Design Patterns on the back.
These super high quality extra thick Moo Luxe Business Cards were printed by Moo.com
Example Graphic for QR Code with MCP Logo
www.flickr.com/photos/m-i-k-e/6988722793/sizes/o/
The 23 Gang of Four Design Patterns
www.flickr.com/photos/m-i-k-e/sets/72157629506509463/
The 23 Gang of Four Design Patterns
By: Gamma, Erich; Helm, Richard; Johnson, Ralph; Vlissides, John (1995).
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software. Reading,
Massachusetts: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc..
Design Patterns Quick Reference www.mcdonaldland.info/2007/11/28/40/
Create By Jason McDonald www.mcdonaldland.info/
Adapted by Michael Kappel for Software Development Community Presentation and business cards with the permission of Jason S. McDonald
Copyright © 2007 Jason S. McDonald
Gamma, Erich; Helm, Richard; Johnson, Ralph; Vlissides, John (1995). Design Patterns: Elements of
Reusable Object-Oriented Software. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc..
View the high resolution image on my photo website
Follow my Photo Blog at Tumblr.com
A trip to Jem at Real Camera Manchester resulted in a pack of Leicanol powder developer.
Must be dated between 1975 (HP5 introduced) and 1989 (HP5+ replaced HP5) as the times are for HP5. Made byTetenal. Not a lot on the WWW about this developer.
In 1899 Leo Hendrik Baekeland became a wealthy man through the sale of the Nepera Chemical Company with his invention, the VELOX photographic papers, to the General Aristo Co. and George Eastman.
This empty tin box is a nice addition to the collection and is described in the typed letter of 1897 we already had in our
Baekeland collection.
St. Kitts Marriott Resort and Royal St. Kitts Casino, 858 Frigate Bay Road, St. Kitts
Canadian Vic De Zen turned a small Woodbridge, Ontario plastics company into a worldwide empire in the 1990's known as Royal Group Technologies Ltd. He built it up over the course of 30 years into a publicly traded company with about $2 billion in annual sales and 9,000 employees around the world. While growing the plastics company Vic De Zen met another Toronto developer, Mr. Archie Zuliani, who owned a small hotel on the island of St. Kitts. Zuliani needed a source for building supplies on St. Kitts and on De Zen's first trip to St Kitts the two hit it off and immediately started plans for a resort project featuring Royal Group's products and also a retirement villa for De Zen and his family. According to Zuliani, De Zen wanted the project to be built entirely of plastics! In 1996 a joint venture agreement was signed between Vic De Zen and Archie Zuliani for a $50 million development including hotel, conference center, golf course, casino and an internet gambling operation. In short order the project costs rose to $120 million. Within a year Zuliana became uncomfortable with De Zen's ambitious project and he was happy to accept a $4 million buyout from De Zen in 1998. Mr. De Zen and his brother in law, Fortunato Bordin, who used to work at Royal Group, borrowed $114-million from Scotiabank between 1996 and 2004 to fund construction of the Caribbean resort which when built out cost upwards of $330 million.
On November 3, 2000 a signing ceremony was held involving St Kitts Prime Minister Denzil Douglas, Mr. Vincent Morton, Chairman of the Frigate Bay Development Corporation and Mr. Vic De Zen. The announcement stated that the world class resort was being built by Technologies Limited of Canada. Denzil Douglas was the longest-serving Prime Minister of the Federation of St. Kitts & Nevis, having held the position between 1995 and 2015. He led the Saint Kitts and Nevis Labour Party. Douglas transformed his country’s formerly sugar-based economy into a service-oriented one driven by tourism, offshore medical education, small farm agriculture and the manufacture of electronic components. Prime Minister Douglas succeeded in establishing St. Kitts and Nevis as a tourist destination, giving as evidence his promoting of De Zen's 600-room Marriott hotel project.
Royal Group Technologies growth allowed De Zen vast liberties in pursuing side-bar projects and the doling out bonuses to family and friends. The line between Royal Group Business and De Zen's personal business became a complete blur. De Zen owned over 80% of the shareholders votes. With Zuliana bought out De Zen took the St Kitts project to new heights. He brought in his brother, Angelo De Zen, to head up the construction and Joey Cecchini was in charge of the design build of the Royal St. Kitts Beach Resort & Casino. The architect was Claudio Rabaglino from Toronto. According to the Toronto Mail and Globe "the resort became so important to De Zen that he turned over one of Royal Group's Boardroom - dubbed the war room - to the project. As construction progressed, 16 contractors were involved and about 3,000 shipments of products were made from Toronto. By 2000, roughly 700 workers were on site, some of them connected to Royal Group."
Marriott International announced a soft opening of their 471-room resort, St. Kitts Marriott Royal Beach Resort & Spa, on February 22, 2003. It is the tenth property in Marriott and Renaissance Offshore Resorts’ portfolio. John Toti was the resort's opening General Manager. Marriott said the resort is owned by Royal St. Kitts Beach Resort Ltd. Marriott's opening announcement said the resort’s five-story main building has 237 guestrooms. Between the main building and the beach, a series of three-story garden houses, surround the swimming pools, house an additional 234 rooms. Guestrooms are oversized and well-appointed with most including large, private balconies. Each bathroom of the houses will have a whirlpool bath.
For dining and entertainment, the St. Kitts Marriott Royal Beach Resort has six restaurants, two bars and a disco: La Cucina, an Italian restaurant; Royal Grill Steakhouse, offering outdoor seating; BLU, a seafood restaurant; Bohemia Beach Bar & Grill; Calypso, a family style restaurant, Golf Club House Restaurant; Lobby Bar; Keys, a cigar and rum bar; and Tigers, a disco. Recreational amenities include a 15,000 square foot spa, three swimming pools, tennis courts, retail shopping, Kids Club and a 35,000 square foot casino. A newly-designed 18-hole golf course, operated by Marriott Golf. For conferences and social events, the St. Kitts Marriott Royal Beach Resort & Spa has 12,000 square feet of flexible meeting space, including a 7,100 square foot ballroom that is divisible into three sections; meeting rooms offering 5,000 square feet of space; and a board room and terraces for pre-function receptions and events.
In hindsight Vic De Zen gained a Caribbean luxury resort but lost his billion dollar company. In February 2004 the St Kitts development became the subject of an extensive Ontario Securities Commission and Royal Canadian Mounted Police criminal probe into whether Mr. De Zen used Royal Group money or assets on a private development project. It seems the Royal Group shareholders new virtually nothing about the massive resort project on St Kitts! Vic De Zen was ousted as board chairperson of Royal Group in 2004 after an internal investigation. Two years later, the company was sold to United States-based Georgia Gulf Corp. for $1.7 billion. The RCMP (Royal Canadian Mounted Police) charged De Zen and other former executives with defrauding the company of more than $29 million.
The trial respecting the allegations made against Mr. De Zen and others commenced in April 2010. On December 10, 2010, at the conclusion of the five-month trial, the trial judge acquitted the defendants of the two charges they faced. The trial judge found overwhelming evidence supporting the defense that no fraud, no deceit, no dishonesty and no concealment had taken place. Indeed, the judge indicated that it would be a "travesty of justice" to wait even one day before pronouncing the verdict of not guilty.
Mr. De Zen formed a new company, ZZen Group, which includes the Marriott beach resort that has become the Caribbean island’s largest employer. When Mr. De Zen travels to ZZen’s resort in St. Kitts – his favorite way to relax is to work on small repairs. Joseph Sgro, an assistant to De Zen says he actually has a tool belt when he is at the resort … walking around the resort grounds and he fixes things and talks to the landscapers.
Georgia Gulf Corporation, a large PVC raw-material manufacturer, completed its acquisition of Royal Group on October 3, 2006 for $1.6 billion.
***********
Vic De Zen and his partners Fortunato Bordin and Domenic D’Amico have supported the people of St Kitts and Nevis since their first agreement in 1997 to build the Marriott Resort. This first initiative produced strong economic and social growth within the Federation of St. Kitts & Nevis. Vic De Zen's group continues with investments that have created the following St. Kitts businesses and organizations which collectively employ more than 1,000 persons in the Federation:
*St. Kitts Marriott Resort;
*Marriott Vacation Club;
*Marriott Residences;
*Royal Beach Development Group;
*Royal Beach Casino;
*Royal St. Kitts Golf Club;
*Royal Utilities Limited
***********
The St. Kitts Marriott has had 4 General Managers.
Jacques Hamou, General Manager, ( 2012 - ) St. Kitts Marriott Resort & Royal Beach Casino appointed Jacques Hamou as General Manager in February, 2012. Hamou’s career in the hospitality industry spans 30 years. He joins the property from Montreal where he served as general manager for the Montreal Marriott Chateau Champlain for thirteen years. Previously, Hamou was at Fortis Hospitality Corporation in Sydney, Nova Scotia, where he held the position of director of operations for Delta Sydney, Holiday Inn Sydney and the Sydney Inn.
Flor Van Der Vaart, General Manager (2008 - 2011) - Flor van der Vaart was appointed General Manager of St. Kitts Marriott Beach Resort on July 6, 2008. Flor began his career with Marriott in 2004 as the Resident Manager of the Aruba Marriott Resort & Stellaris Casino. Prior to joining the Aruba Marriott Resort, Flor was the Operations Manager at the Hyatt Dorado Beach Resort & Country Club in Puerto Rico. Van der Vaart received his Master’s Degree in Business Administration from The University of Phoenix. He received his Bachelor’s Degree from The University of The Hague – Haagshe Hogeschool in Holland.
George Landa, General Manager (2006 - 2008) - St Kitts Marriott Resort & the Royal Beach Casino appointed Cuban-born George Landa as General Manager in April 2006. Most recently he was general manager at the Curacao Marriott Beach Resort & Emerald Casino from 2003-2006. Previously he also served as General Manager of the Intercontinental Hotel in Valencia, Venezuela.
John Toti, Opening General Manager ( 2002 - 2006 ) John Toti was named general manager, responsible for overseeing all aspects of operations at the new St. Kitts Marriott Resort. Most recently, Mr. Toti was the general manager at the Guatemala City Marriott. During his 25-year career with Marriott, Mr. Toti held positions in various aspects of hotel operations. In the food and beverage departments, he served as executive chef for Marriott Hotels in the Orlando World Center, Panama City and Puerto Vallarta, and was director of food and beverage at the Marriott Plaza Hotel, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Mr. Toti later went on to work in the operations segment, becoming area director of operations for Marriott's Caribbean region and assisting on short and long-term projects for resorts in St. Thomas, Jamaica, Caracas & Costa Rica. He served as director of operations at the Guatemala and Lima Marriott Hotels as well. Mr. Toti was also director of groups and conventions at the Marriott in Puerto Vallarta. Toti is now retired and lives in Naples, Florida.
Wayne Michaelson is the current Executive Chef, (2015 - ) - Executive Chef Wayne Michaelson, previously from the Macon (Georgia) Marriott City Center, is in charge of overseeing daily operations of the resort’s eight onsite restaurants as well as catering for special events. Before his previous job in Macon, where he supervised seven kitchens, a catering facility for 2,500 people, Chef Michaelson owned and operated his own restaurant for a decade. After graduating from the Culinary Institute of America, Chef Michaelson began his career in hospitality at Omni Hotels & Resorts in 1984 in Alabama as an Executive Chef. He then moved to Puerto Rico in 1986 where he worked for prominent hotels such as the Caribe Hilton Hotel & Casino, the Hyatt Regency Cerromar Resort, the Hyatt Dorado Beach Resort & Golf Club, and the El San Juan Hotel & Casino, a Waldorf Astoria Collection hotel.
Arun Maharajh is the Vice President Operations at the resort's Royal Beach Casino. Maharajh started at the casino in 2005 as the Financial Controller. Previously he was a business analyst at the Ontario (Canada) Lottery and Gaming Corporation.
Compiled by Dick Johnson
February, 2016
St. Kitts Marriott Resort and Royal St. Kitts Casino, 858 Frigate Bay Road, St. Kitts
Canadian Vic De Zen turned a small Woodbridge, Ontario plastics company into a worldwide empire in the 1990's known as Royal Group Technologies Ltd. He built it up over the course of 30 years into a publicly traded company with about $2 billion in annual sales and 9,000 employees around the world. While growing the plastics company Vic De Zen met another Toronto developer, Mr. Archie Zuliani, who owned a small hotel on the island of St. Kitts. Zuliani needed a source for building supplies on St. Kitts and on De Zen's first trip to St Kitts the two hit it off and immediately started plans for a resort project featuring Royal Group's products and also a retirement villa for De Zen and his family. According to Zuliani, De Zen wanted the project to be built entirely of plastics! In 1996 a joint venture agreement was signed between Vic De Zen and Archie Zuliani for a $50 million development including hotel, conference center, golf course, casino and an internet gambling operation. In short order the project costs rose to $120 million. Within a year Zuliana became uncomfortable with De Zen's ambitious project and he was happy to accept a $4 million buyout from De Zen in 1998. Mr. De Zen and his brother in law, Fortunato Bordin, who used to work at Royal Group, borrowed $114-million from Scotiabank between 1996 and 2004 to fund construction of the Caribbean resort which when built out cost upwards of $330 million.
On November 3, 2000 a signing ceremony was held involving St Kitts Prime Minister Denzil Douglas, Mr. Vincent Morton, Chairman of the Frigate Bay Development Corporation and Mr. Vic De Zen. The announcement stated that the world class resort was being built by Technologies Limited of Canada. Denzil Douglas was the longest-serving Prime Minister of the Federation of St. Kitts & Nevis, having held the position between 1995 and 2015. He led the Saint Kitts and Nevis Labour Party. Douglas transformed his country’s formerly sugar-based economy into a service-oriented one driven by tourism, offshore medical education, small farm agriculture and the manufacture of electronic components. Prime Minister Douglas succeeded in establishing St. Kitts and Nevis as a tourist destination, giving as evidence his promoting of De Zen's 600-room Marriott hotel project.
Royal Group Technologies growth allowed De Zen vast liberties in pursuing side-bar projects and the doling out bonuses to family and friends. The line between Royal Group Business and De Zen's personal business became a complete blur. De Zen owned over 80% of the shareholders votes. With Zuliana bought out De Zen took the St Kitts project to new heights. He brought in his brother, Angelo De Zen, to head up the construction and Joey Cecchini was in charge of the design build of the Royal St. Kitts Beach Resort & Casino. The architect was Claudio Rabaglino from Toronto. According to the Toronto Mail and Globe "the resort became so important to De Zen that he turned over one of Royal Group's Boardroom - dubbed the war room - to the project. As construction progressed, 16 contractors were involved and about 3,000 shipments of products were made from Toronto. By 2000, roughly 700 workers were on site, some of them connected to Royal Group."
Marriott International announced a soft opening of their 471-room resort, St. Kitts Marriott Royal Beach Resort & Spa, on February 22, 2003. It is the tenth property in Marriott and Renaissance Offshore Resorts’ portfolio. John Toti was the resort's opening General Manager. Marriott said the resort is owned by Royal St. Kitts Beach Resort Ltd. Marriott's opening announcement said the resort’s five-story main building has 237 guestrooms. Between the main building and the beach, a series of three-story garden houses, surround the swimming pools, house an additional 234 rooms. Guestrooms are oversized and well-appointed with most including large, private balconies. Each bathroom of the houses will have a whirlpool bath.
For dining and entertainment, the St. Kitts Marriott Royal Beach Resort has six restaurants, two bars and a disco: La Cucina, an Italian restaurant; Royal Grill Steakhouse, offering outdoor seating; BLU, a seafood restaurant; Bohemia Beach Bar & Grill; Calypso, a family style restaurant, Golf Club House Restaurant; Lobby Bar; Keys, a cigar and rum bar; and Tigers, a disco. Recreational amenities include a 15,000 square foot spa, three swimming pools, tennis courts, retail shopping, Kids Club and a 35,000 square foot casino. A newly-designed 18-hole golf course, operated by Marriott Golf. For conferences and social events, the St. Kitts Marriott Royal Beach Resort & Spa has 12,000 square feet of flexible meeting space, including a 7,100 square foot ballroom that is divisible into three sections; meeting rooms offering 5,000 square feet of space; and a board room and terraces for pre-function receptions and events.
In hindsight Vic De Zen gained a Caribbean luxury resort but lost his billion dollar company. In February 2004 the St Kitts development became the subject of an extensive Ontario Securities Commission and Royal Canadian Mounted Police criminal probe into whether Mr. De Zen used Royal Group money or assets on a private development project. It seems the Royal Group shareholders new virtually nothing about the massive resort project on St Kitts! Vic De Zen was ousted as board chairperson of Royal Group in 2004 after an internal investigation. Two years later, the company was sold to United States-based Georgia Gulf Corp. for $1.7 billion. The RCMP (Royal Canadian Mounted Police) charged De Zen and other former executives with defrauding the company of more than $29 million.
The trial respecting the allegations made against Mr. De Zen and others commenced in April 2010. On December 10, 2010, at the conclusion of the five-month trial, the trial judge acquitted the defendants of the two charges they faced. The trial judge found overwhelming evidence supporting the defense that no fraud, no deceit, no dishonesty and no concealment had taken place. Indeed, the judge indicated that it would be a "travesty of justice" to wait even one day before pronouncing the verdict of not guilty.
Mr. De Zen formed a new company, ZZen Group, which includes the Marriott beach resort that has become the Caribbean island’s largest employer. When Mr. De Zen travels to ZZen’s resort in St. Kitts – his favorite way to relax is to work on small repairs. Joseph Sgro, an assistant to De Zen says he actually has a tool belt when he is at the resort … walking around the resort grounds and he fixes things and talks to the landscapers.
Georgia Gulf Corporation, a large PVC raw-material manufacturer, completed its acquisition of Royal Group on October 3, 2006 for $1.6 billion.
***********
Vic De Zen and his partners Fortunato Bordin and Domenic D’Amico have supported the people of St Kitts and Nevis since their first agreement in 1997 to build the Marriott Resort. This first initiative produced strong economic and social growth within the Federation of St. Kitts & Nevis. Vic De Zen's group continues with investments that have created the following St. Kitts businesses and organizations which collectively employ more than 1,000 persons in the Federation:
*St. Kitts Marriott Resort;
*Marriott Vacation Club;
*Marriott Residences;
*Royal Beach Development Group;
*Royal Beach Casino;
*Royal St. Kitts Golf Club;
*Royal Utilities Limited
***********
The St. Kitts Marriott has had 4 General Managers.
Jacques Hamou, General Manager, ( 2012 - ) St. Kitts Marriott Resort & Royal Beach Casino appointed Jacques Hamou as General Manager in February, 2012. Hamou’s career in the hospitality industry spans 30 years. He joins the property from Montreal where he served as general manager for the Montreal Marriott Chateau Champlain for thirteen years. Previously, Hamou was at Fortis Hospitality Corporation in Sydney, Nova Scotia, where he held the position of director of operations for Delta Sydney, Holiday Inn Sydney and the Sydney Inn.
Flor Van Der Vaart, General Manager (2008 - 2011) - Flor van der Vaart was appointed General Manager of St. Kitts Marriott Beach Resort on July 6, 2008. Flor began his career with Marriott in 2004 as the Resident Manager of the Aruba Marriott Resort & Stellaris Casino. Prior to joining the Aruba Marriott Resort, Flor was the Operations Manager at the Hyatt Dorado Beach Resort & Country Club in Puerto Rico. Van der Vaart received his Master’s Degree in Business Administration from The University of Phoenix. He received his Bachelor’s Degree from The University of The Hague – Haagshe Hogeschool in Holland.
George Landa, General Manager (2006 - 2008) - St Kitts Marriott Resort & the Royal Beach Casino appointed Cuban-born George Landa as General Manager in April 2006. Most recently he was general manager at the Curacao Marriott Beach Resort & Emerald Casino from 2003-2006. Previously he also served as General Manager of the Intercontinental Hotel in Valencia, Venezuela.
John Toti, Opening General Manager ( 2002 - 2006 ) John Toti was named general manager, responsible for overseeing all aspects of operations at the new St. Kitts Marriott Resort. Most recently, Mr. Toti was the general manager at the Guatemala City Marriott. During his 25-year career with Marriott, Mr. Toti held positions in various aspects of hotel operations. In the food and beverage departments, he served as executive chef for Marriott Hotels in the Orlando World Center, Panama City and Puerto Vallarta, and was director of food and beverage at the Marriott Plaza Hotel, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Mr. Toti later went on to work in the operations segment, becoming area director of operations for Marriott's Caribbean region and assisting on short and long-term projects for resorts in St. Thomas, Jamaica, Caracas & Costa Rica. He served as director of operations at the Guatemala and Lima Marriott Hotels as well. Mr. Toti was also director of groups and conventions at the Marriott in Puerto Vallarta. Toti is now retired and lives in Naples, Florida.
Wayne Michaelson is the current Executive Chef, (2015 - ) - Executive Chef Wayne Michaelson, previously from the Macon (Georgia) Marriott City Center, is in charge of overseeing daily operations of the resort’s eight onsite restaurants as well as catering for special events. Before his previous job in Macon, where he supervised seven kitchens, a catering facility for 2,500 people, Chef Michaelson owned and operated his own restaurant for a decade. After graduating from the Culinary Institute of America, Chef Michaelson began his career in hospitality at Omni Hotels & Resorts in 1984 in Alabama as an Executive Chef. He then moved to Puerto Rico in 1986 where he worked for prominent hotels such as the Caribe Hilton Hotel & Casino, the Hyatt Regency Cerromar Resort, the Hyatt Dorado Beach Resort & Golf Club, and the El San Juan Hotel & Casino, a Waldorf Astoria Collection hotel.
Arun Maharajh is the Vice President Operations at the resort's Royal Beach Casino. Maharajh started at the casino in 2005 as the Financial Controller. Previously he was a business analyst at the Ontario (Canada) Lottery and Gaming Corporation.
Compiled by Dick Johnson
February, 2016
I developed this one using a paintbrush instead of dipping it into the developer.
film/canon
Darkroom[2006]
. . . 10. 3. 2007 - this is the fourth day of a funeral ceremony in Bori for a High Class Woman. She died on 18. 1. 2007 at the age of 85 years. The ceremony will last for one week. Today we will see buffalo fighting, cock fighting, the killing of the buffalos, the horse and the deer. The photos of the killing might look strange to you, to the torajian they are common. The souls of the killed buffalos are the servants of the deads. The more buffalos are killed the better life for the dead.
If you wonder why the quality of the pictures is a little less: these are no photographs - it all are snapshots of my videos! So sorry for the less resolution, but I think, they are worth to be shown.
_____________________________________
The Toraja are an ethnic group indigenous to a mountainous region of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Their population is approximately 1,100,000, of whom 450,000 live in the regency of Tana Toraja ("Land of Toraja"). Most of the population is Christian, and others are Muslim or have local animist beliefs known as aluk ("the way"). The Indonesian government has recognized this animist belief as Aluk To Dolo ("Way of the Ancestors").
The word toraja comes from the Bugis Buginese language term to riaja, meaning "people of the uplands". The Dutch colonial government named the people Toraja in 1909. Torajans are renowned for their elaborate funeral rites, burial sites carved into rocky cliffs, massive peaked-roof traditional houses known as tongkonan, and colorful wood carvings. Toraja funeral rites are important social events, usually attended by hundreds of people and lasting for several days.
Before the 20th century, Torajans lived in autonomous villages, where they practised animism and were relatively untouched by the outside world. In the early 1900s, Dutch missionaries first worked to convert Torajan highlanders to Christianity. When the Tana Toraja regency was further opened to the outside world in the 1970s, it became an icon of tourism in Indonesia: it was exploited by tourism developers and studied by anthropologists. By the 1990s, when tourism peaked, Toraja society had changed significantly, from an agrarian model - in which social life and customs were outgrowths of the Aluk To Dolo - to a largely Christian society. Today, tourism and remittances from migrant Torajans have made for major changes in the Toraja highland, giving the Toraja a celebrity status within Indonesia and enhancing Toraja ethnic group pride.
ETHNIC IDENTITY
The Torajan people had little notion of themselves as a distinct ethnic group before the 20th century. Before Dutch colonization and Christianization, Torajans, who lived in highland areas, identified with their villages and did not share a broad sense of identity. Although complexes of rituals created linkages between highland villages, there were variations in dialects, differences in social hierarchies, and an array of ritual practices in the Sulawesi highland region. "Toraja" (from the coastal languages' to, meaning people; and riaja, uplands) was first used as a lowlander expression for highlanders. As a result, "Toraja" initially had more currency with outsiders - such as the Bugis and Makassarese, who constitute a majority of the lowland of Sulawesi - than with insiders. The Dutch missionaries' presence in the highlands gave rise to the Toraja ethnic consciousness in the Sa'dan Toraja region, and this shared identity grew with the rise of tourism in the Tana Toraja Regency. Since then, South Sulawesi has four main ethnic groups - the Bugis (the majority, including shipbuilders and seafarers), the Makassarese (lowland traders and seafarers), the Mandarese (traders and fishermen), and the Toraja (highland rice cultivators).
HISTORY
From the 17th century, the Dutch established trade and political control on Sulawesi through the Dutch East Indies Company. Over two centuries, they ignored the mountainous area in the central Sulawesi, where Torajans lived, because access was difficult and it had little productive agricultural land. In the late 19th century, the Dutch became increasingly concerned about the spread of Islam in the south of Sulawesi, especially among the Makassarese and Bugis peoples. The Dutch saw the animist highlanders as potential Christians. In the 1920s, the Reformed Missionary Alliance of the Dutch Reformed Church began missionary work aided by the Dutch colonial government. In addition to introducing Christianity, the Dutch abolished slavery and imposed local taxes. A line was drawn around the Sa'dan area and called Tana Toraja ("the land of Toraja"). Tana Toraja was first a subdivision of the Luwu kingdom that had claimed the area. In 1946, the Dutch granted Tana Toraja a regentschap, and it was recognized in 1957 as one of the regencies of Indonesia.
Early Dutch missionaries faced strong opposition among Torajans, especially among the elite, because the abolition of their profitable slave trade had angered them. Some Torajans were forcibly relocated to the lowlands by the Dutch, where they could be more easily controlled. Taxes were kept high, undermining the wealth of the elites. Ultimately, the Dutch influence did not subdue Torajan culture, and only a few Torajans were converted. In 1950, only 10% of the population had converted to Christianity.
In the 1930s, Muslim lowlanders attacked the Torajans, resulting in widespread Christian conversion among those who sought to align themselves with the Dutch for political protection and to form a movement against the Bugis and Makassarese Muslims. Between 1951 and 1965 (following Indonesian independence), southern Sulawesi faced a turbulent period as the Darul Islam separatist movement fought for an Islamic state in Sulawesi. The 15 years of guerrilla warfare led to massive conversions to
CHRISTIANITY
Alignment with the Indonesian government, however, did not guarantee safety for the Torajans. In 1965, a presidential decree required every Indonesian citizen to belong to one of five officially recognized religions: Islam, Christianity (Protestantism and Catholicism), Hinduism, or Buddhism. The Torajan religious belief (aluk) was not legally recognized, and the Torajans raised their voices against the law. To make aluk accord with the law, it had to be accepted as part of one of the official religions. In 1969, Aluk To Dolo ("the way of ancestors") was legalized as a sect of Agama Hindu Dharma, the official name of Hinduism in Indonesia.
SOCIETY
There are three main types of affiliation in Toraja society: family, class and religion.
FAMILY AFFILIATION
Family is the primary social and political grouping in Torajan society. Each village is one extended family, the seat of which is the tongkonan, a traditional Torajan house. Each tongkonan has a name, which becomes the name of the village. The familial dons maintain village unity. Marriage between distant cousins (fourth cousins and beyond) is a common practice that strengthens kinship. Toraja society prohibits marriage between close cousins (up to and including the third cousin) - except for nobles, to prevent the dispersal of property. Kinship is actively reciprocal, meaning that the extended family helps each other farm, share buffalo rituals, and pay off debts.
Each person belongs to both the mother's and the father's families, the only bilateral family line in Indonesia. Children, therefore, inherit household affiliation from both mother and father, including land and even family debts. Children's names are given on the basis of kinship, and are usually chosen after dead relatives. Names of aunts, uncles and cousins are commonly referred to in the names of mothers, fathers and siblings.
Before the start of the formal administration of Toraja villages by the Tana Toraja Regency, each Toraja village was autonomous. In a more complex situation, in which one Toraja family could not handle their problems alone, several villages formed a group; sometimes, villages would unite against other villages. Relationship between families was expressed through blood, marriage, and shared ancestral houses (tongkonan), practically signed by the exchange of water buffalo and pigs on ritual occasions. Such exchanges not only built political and cultural ties between families but defined each person's place in a social hierarchy: who poured palm wine, who wrapped a corpse and prepared offerings, where each person could or could not sit, what dishes should be used or avoided, and even what piece of meat constituted one's share.
CLASS AFFILIATION
In early Toraja society, family relationships were tied closely to social class. There were three strata: nobles, commoners, and slaves (slavery was abolished in 1909 by the Dutch East Indies government). Class was inherited through the mother. It was taboo, therefore, to marry "down" with a woman of lower class. On the other hand, marrying a woman of higher class could improve the status of the next generation. The nobility's condescending attitude toward the commoners is still maintained today for reasons of family prestige.
Nobles, who were believed to be direct descendants of the descended person from heaven, lived in tongkonans, while commoners lived in less lavish houses (bamboo shacks called banua). Slaves lived in small huts, which had to be built around their owner's tongkonan. Commoners might marry anyone, but nobles preferred to marry in-family to maintain their status. Sometimes nobles married Bugis or Makassarese nobles. Commoners and slaves were prohibited from having death feasts. Despite close kinship and status inheritance, there was some social mobility, as marriage or change in wealth could affect an individuals status. Wealth was counted by the ownership of water buffaloes.
Slaves in Toraja society were family property. Sometimes Torajans decided to become slaves when they incurred a debt, pledging to work as payment. Slaves could be taken during wars, and slave trading was common. Slaves could buy their freedom, but their children still inherited slave status. Slaves were prohibited from wearing bronze or gold, carving their houses, eating from the same dishes as their owners, or having sex with free women - a crime punishable by death.
RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION
Toraja's indigenous belief system is polytheistic animism, called aluk, or "the way" (sometimes translated as "the law"). In the Toraja myth, the ancestors of Torajan people came down from heaven using stairs, which were then used by the Torajans as a communication medium with Puang Matua, the Creator. The cosmos, according to aluk, is divided into the upper world (heaven), the world of man (earth), and the underworld. At first, heaven and earth were married, then there was a darkness, a separation, and finally the light. Animals live in the underworld, which is represented by rectangular space enclosed by pillars, the earth is for mankind, and the heaven world is located above, covered with a saddle-shaped roof. Other Toraja gods include Pong Banggai di Rante (god of Earth), Indo' Ongon-Ongon (a goddess who can cause earthquakes), Pong Lalondong (god of death), and Indo' Belo Tumbang (goddess of medicine); there are many more.
The earthly authority, whose words and actions should be cleaved to both in life (agriculture) and death (funerals), is called to minaa (an aluk priest). Aluk is not just a belief system; it is a combination of law, religion, and habit. Aluk governs social life, agricultural practices, and ancestral rituals. The details of aluk may vary from one village to another. One common law is the requirement that death and life rituals be separated. Torajans believe that performing death rituals might ruin their corpses if combined with life rituals. The two rituals are equally important. During the time of the Dutch missionaries, Christian Torajans were prohibited from attending or performing life rituals, but were allowed to perform death rituals. Consequently, Toraja's death rituals are still practised today, while life rituals have diminished.
CULTURE
TONGKONAN
Tongkonan are the traditional Torajan ancestral houses. They stand high on wooden piles, topped with a layered split-bamboo roof shaped in a sweeping curved arc, and they are incised with red, black, and yellow detailed wood carvings on the exterior walls. The word "tongkonan" comes from the Torajan tongkon ("to sit").
Tongkonan are the center of Torajan social life. The rituals associated with the tongkonan are important expressions of Torajan spiritual life, and therefore all family members are impelled to participate, because symbolically the tongkonan represents links to their ancestors and to living and future kin. According to Torajan myth, the first tongkonan was built in heaven on four poles, with a roof made of Indian cloth. When the first Torajan ancestor descended to earth, he imitated the house and held a large ceremony.
The construction of a tongkonan is laborious work and is usually done with the help of the extended family. There are three types of tongkonan. The tongkonan layuk is the house of the highest authority, used as the "center of government". The tongkonan pekamberan belongs to the family members who have some authority in local traditions. Ordinary family members reside in the tongkonan batu. The exclusivity to the nobility of the tongkonan is diminishing as many Torajan commoners find lucrative employment in other parts of Indonesia. As they send back money to their families, they enable the construction of larger tongkonan.
WOOD CARVINGS
To express social and religious concepts, Torajans carve wood, calling it Pa'ssura (or "the writing"). Wood carvings are therefore Toraja's cultural manifestation.
Each carving receives a special name, and common motifs are animals and plants that symbolize some virtue. For example, water plants and animals, such as crabs, tadpoles and water weeds, are commonly found to symbolize fertility. In some areas noble elders claim these symbols refer to strength of noble family, but not everyone agrees. The overall meaning of groups of carved motifs on houses remains debated and tourism has further complicated these debates because some feel a uniform explanation must be presented to tourists. The image to the left shows an example of Torajan wood carving, consisting of 15 square panels. The center bottom panel represents buffalo or wealth, a wish for many buffaloes for the family. The center panel represents a knot and a box, a hope that all of the family's offspring will be happy and live in harmony, like goods kept safe in a box. The top left and top right squares represent an aquatic animal, indicating the need for fast and hard work, just like moving on the surface of water. It also represents the need for a certain skill to produce good results.
Regularity and order are common features in Toraja wood carving (see table below), as well as abstracts and geometrical designs. Nature is frequently used as the basis of Toraja's ornaments, because nature is full of abstractions and geometries with regularities and ordering. Toraja's ornaments have been studied in ethnomathematics to reveal their mathematical structure, but Torajans base this art only on approximations. To create an ornament, bamboo sticks are used as a geometrical tool.
FUNERAL RITES
In Toraja society, the funeral ritual is the most elaborate and expensive event. The richer and more powerful the individual, the more expensive is the funeral. In the aluk religion, only nobles have the right to have an extensive death feast. The death feast of a nobleman is usually attended by thousands and lasts for several days. A ceremonial site, called rante, is usually prepared in a large, grassy field where shelters for audiences, rice barns, and other ceremonial funeral structures are specially made by the deceased family. Flute music, funeral chants, songs and poems, and crying and wailing are traditional Toraja expressions of grief with the exceptions of funerals for young children, and poor, low-status adults.
The ceremony is often held weeks, months, or years after the death so that the deceased's family can raise the significant funds needed to cover funeral expenses. Torajans traditionally believe that death is not a sudden, abrupt event, but a gradual process toward Puya (the land of souls, or afterlife). During the waiting period, the body of the deceased is wrapped in several layers of cloth and kept under the tongkonan. The soul of the deceased is thought to linger around the village until the funeral ceremony is completed, after which it begins its journey to Puya.
Another component of the ritual is the slaughter of water buffalo. The more powerful the person who died, the more buffalo are slaughtered at the death feast. Buffalo carcasses, including their heads, are usually lined up on a field waiting for their owner, who is in the "sleeping stage". Torajans believe that the deceased will need the buffalo to make the journey and that they will be quicker to arrive at Puya if they have many buffalo. Slaughtering tens of water buffalo and hundreds of pigs using a machete is the climax of the elaborate death feast, with dancing and music and young boys who catch spurting blood in long bamboo tubes. Some of the slaughtered animals are given by guests as "gifts", which are carefully noted because they will be considered debts of the deceased's family. However, a cockfight, known as bulangan londong, is an integral part of the ceremony. As with the sacrifice of the buffalo and the pigs, the cockfight is considered sacred because it involves the spilling of blood on the earth. In particular, the tradition requires the sacrifice of at least three chickens. However, it is common for at least 25 pairs of chickens to be set against each other in the context of the ceremony.
There are three methods of burial: the coffin may be laid in a cave or in a carved stone grave, or hung on a cliff. It contains any possessions that the deceased will need in the afterlife. The wealthy are often buried in a stone grave carved out of a rocky cliff. The grave is usually expensive and takes a few months to complete. In some areas, a stone cave may be found that is large enough to accommodate a whole family. A wood-carved effigy, called Tau tau, is usually placed in the cave looking out over the land. The coffin of a baby or child may be hung from ropes on a cliff face or from a tree. This hanging grave usually lasts for years, until the ropes rot and the coffin falls to the ground.
In the ritual called Ma'Nene, that takes place each year in August, the bodies of the deceased are exhumed to be washed, groomed and dressed in new clothes. The mummies are then walked around the village.
DANCE AND MUSIC
Torajans perform dances on several occasions, most often during their elaborate funeral ceremonies. They dance to express their grief, and to honour and even cheer the deceased person because he is going to have a long journey in the afterlife. First, a group of men form a circle and sing a monotonous chant throughout the night to honour the deceased (a ritual called Ma'badong). This is considered by many Torajans to be the most important component of the funeral ceremony. On the second funeral day, the Ma'randing warrior dance is performed to praise the courage of the deceased during life. Several men perform the dance with a sword, a large shield made from buffalo skin, a helmet with a buffalo horn, and other ornamentation. The Ma'randing dance precedes a procession in which the deceased is carried from a rice barn to the rante, the site of the funeral ceremony. During the funeral, elder women perform the Ma'katia dance while singing a poetic song and wearing a long feathered costume. The Ma'akatia dance is performed to remind the audience of the generosity and loyalty of the deceased person. After the bloody ceremony of buffalo and pig slaughter, a group of boys and girls clap their hands while performing a cheerful dance called Ma'dondan.
As in other agricultural societies, Torajans dance and sing during harvest time. The Ma'bugi dance celebrates the thanksgiving event, and the Ma'gandangi dance is performed while Torajans are pounding rice. There are several war dances, such as the Manimbong dance performed by men, followed by the Ma'dandan dance performed by women. The aluk religion governs when and how Torajans dance. A dance called Ma'bua can be performed only once every 12 years. Ma'bua is a major Toraja ceremony in which priests wear a buffalo head and dance around a sacred tree.
A traditional musical instrument of the Toraja is a bamboo flute called a Pa'suling (suling is an Indonesian word for flute). This six-holed flute (not unique to the Toraja) is played at many dances, such as the thanksgiving dance Ma'bondensan, where the flute accompanies a group of shirtless, dancing men with long fingernails. The Toraja have indigenous musical instruments, such as the Pa'pelle (made from palm leaves) and the Pa'karombi (the Torajan version of a jaw harp). The Pa'pelle is played during harvest time and at house inauguration ceremonies.
LANGUAGE
The ethnic Toraja language is dominant in Tana Toraja with the main language as the Sa'dan Toraja. Although the national Indonesian language is the official language and is spoken in the community, all elementary schools in Tana Toraja teach Toraja language.Language varieties of Toraja, including Kalumpang, Mamasa, Tae' , Talondo' , Toala' , and Toraja-Sa'dan, belong to the Malayo-Polynesian language from the Austronesian family. At the outset, the isolated geographical nature of Tana Toraja formed many dialects between the Toraja languages themselves. After the formal administration of Tana Toraja, some Toraja dialects have been influenced by other languages through the transmigration program, introduced since the colonialism period, and it has been a major factor in the linguistic variety of Toraja languages. A prominent attribute of Toraja language is the notion of grief. The importance of death ceremony in Toraja culture has characterized their languages to express intricate degrees of grief and mourning. The Toraja language contains many terms referring to sadness, longing, depression, and mental pain. Giving a clear expression of the psychological and physical effect of loss is a catharsis and sometimes lessens the pain of grief itself.
ECONOMY
Prior to Suharto's "New Order" administration, the Torajan economy was based on agriculture, with cultivated wet rice in terraced fields on mountain slopes, and supplemental cassava and maize crops. Much time and energy were devoted to raising water buffalo, pigs, and chickens, primarily for ceremonial sacrifices and consumption. Coffee was the first significant cash crop produced in Toraja, and was introduced in the mid 19th century, changing the local economy towards commodity production for external markets and gaining an excellent reputation for quality in the international market .
With the commencement of the New Order in 1965, Indonesia's economy developed and opened to foreign investment. In Toraja, a coffee plantation and factory was established by Key Coffee of Japan, and Torajan coffee regained a reputation for quality within the growing international specialty coffee sector Multinational oil and mining companies opened new operations in Indonesia during the 1970s and 1980s. Torajans, particularly younger ones, relocated to work for the foreign companies - to Kalimantan for timber and oil, to Papua for mining, to the cities of Sulawesi and Java, and many went to Malaysia. The out-migration of Torajans was steady until 1985. and has continued since, with remittances sent back by emigre Torajans performing an important role within the contemporary economy.
Tourism commenced in Toraja in the 1970s, and accelerated in the 1980s and 1990s. Between 1984 and 1997, a significant number of Torajans obtained their incomes from tourism, working in and owning hotels, as tour guides, drivers, or selling souvenirs. With the rise of political and economic instability in Indonesia in the late 1990s - including religious conflicts elsewhere on Sulawesi - tourism in Tana Toraja has declined dramatically. Toraja continues to be a well known origin for Indonesian coffee, grown by both smallholders and plantation estates, although migration, remittances and off-farm income is considered far more important to most households, even those in rural areas.
TOURISM AND CULTURAL CHANGE
Before the 1970s, Toraja was almost unknown to Western tourism. In 1971, about 50 Europeans visited Tana Toraja. In 1972, at least 400 visitors attended the funeral ritual of Puang of Sangalla, the highest-ranking nobleman in Tana Toraja and the so-called "last pure-blooded Toraja noble." The event was documented by National Geographic and broadcast in several European countries. In 1976, about 12,000 tourists visited the regency and in 1981, Torajan sculpture was exhibited in major North American museums. "The land of the heavenly kings of Tana Toraja", as written in the exhibition brochure, embraced the outside world.
In 1984, the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism declared Tana Toraja Regency the prima donna of South Sulawesi. Tana Toraja was heralded as "the second stop after Bali". Tourism was increasing dramatically: by 1985, a total number of 150,000 foreigners had visited the Regency (in addition to 80,000 domestic tourists), and the annual number of foreign visitors was recorded at 40,000 in 1989. Souvenir stands appeared in Rantepao, the cultural center of Toraja, roads were sealed at the most-visited tourist sites, new hotels and tourist-oriented restaurants were opened, and an airstrip was opened in the Regency in 1981.
Tourism developers have marketed Tana Toraja as an exotic adventure - an area rich in culture and off the beaten track. Western tourists expected to see stone-age villages and pagan funerals. Toraja is for tourists who have gone as far as Bali and are willing to see more of the wild, "untouched" islands. However, they were more likely to see a Torajan wearing a hat and denim, living in a Christian society. Tourists felt that the tongkonan and other Torajan rituals had been preconceived to make profits, and complained that the destination was too commercialized. This has resulted in several clashes between Torajans and tourism developers, whom Torajans see as outsiders.
A clash between local Torajan leaders and the South Sulawesi provincial government (as a tourist developer) broke out in 1985. The government designated 18 Toraja villages and burial sites as traditional tourist attractions. Consequently, zoning restrictions were applied to these areas, such that Torajans themselves were barred from changing their tongkonans and burial sites. The plan was opposed by some Torajan leaders, as they felt that their rituals and traditions were being determined by outsiders. As a result, in 1987, the Torajan village of Kété Kesú and several other designated tourist attractions closed their doors to tourists. This closure lasted only a few days, as the villagers found it too difficult to survive without the income from selling souvenirs.
Tourism has also transformed Toraja society. Originally, there was a ritual which allowed commoners to marry nobles (puang) and thereby gain nobility for their children. However, the image of Torajan society created for the tourists, often by "lower-ranking" guides, has eroded its traditional strict hierarchy. High status is not as esteemed in Tana Toraja as it once was. Many low-ranking men can declare themselves and their children nobles by gaining enough wealth through work outside the region and then marrying a noble woman.
WIKIPEDIA
Oil rig Maersk Developer parked in the blue waters in front of Carasbaai / Baja Beach
Please respect the copyright on my images. Do not use in any way without my express written consent. You can contact me by Flickrmail or through the contact page of my website www.curacaooncanvas.com
Would You Offer An INTERACTIVE MEMBERSHIP PORTAL For The People?
An interactive membership portal is essential to maintain your audience interested and engaged. Can your area of people communicate with one another? Would they collaborate together? Would they open attorney at law on the particular subject and/or issue? Would they upload happy to your membership-driven web developer? Many of these questions are essential when you're thinking about creating a membership driven website. It’s vital that you provide your people with helpful tools that promote engagement. For instance, for those who have a subscription-driven site that is tailored for attract individuals users that are curious about organic gardening, you need to provide interactive tools where users can upload their gardening projects and/or gardening questions. Whenever a user uploads their specific organic gardening project, all people get access to produce a community wide discussion and/or share that project across multiple platforms. Now, it is also just like vital that you have somebody out of your membership driven site that is definitely open to provide assistance, support, and become a tight schedule-to person who supplies a solution/response to individuals member questions that arise.
PLAN YOUR MEMBERSHIP DRIVEN WEBSITE Having A KNOWLEDGEABLE Web Design AGENCY, ATILUS
There are plenty of components to some effective membership driven web developer. If you're while intending to construct your membership driven website, we can’t stress the significance of the look stage. The look stage is an essential take into account making certain your membership driven web site is successful. Spend nearly all your time and effort planning any project, scoping any project out, and mapping out all of the different variables having a knowledgeable web design company.
In each and every project, including member driven websites we always recommend our clients undergo a strategy planning stage, before we begin the lookOrimprovement from the site. There are lots of components that organizations/associations miss when developing their membership driven website plan. We all do provide a planning and talking to phase for individuals organizations/associations that will like professional assistance when preparing their membership driven website. Within the finish you want to make certain that the membership driven web site is successful and you're seeing the outcomes that you’ve envisioned.
To begin planning your membership driven website having a seasoned professional, please get in touch, the brand new Client Specialist at Atilus. I’d gladly talk using your project and get the best recommendation to make sure your member driven web site is successful. For those who have any queries regarding an associate driven web developer
please leave the questions you have within the comment field below and I’d be at liberty to offer you a solution!
Jared Rypka-Hauer and Danilo Celic find some common ground between development platforms ... I think?
(If you look closely, you'll see ColdFusion product manager Tim Buntel in the background, just about to be disturbed by this scene...)
The "The Gables" has a beautiful, light filled drawing room with an elegant tiled fireplace with a white painted wooden fire surround, high ceilings featuring Art Nouveau mouldings and three lancet windows featuring Art Nouveau stained glass. The two outer windows feature brightly coloured red flowers, whilst the central one features golden yellow and orange ones. All the flowers are highly stylised, and remind me of oriental lilies.
"The Gables" is a substantial villa that sits proudly on leafy Finch Street in the exclusive inner city suburb of East Malvern.
Built in 1902 for local property developer Lawrence Alfred Birchnell and his wife Annie, "The Gables" is considered to be one of the most prominent houses in the Gascoigne Estate. The house was designed by Melbourne architect firm Ussher and Kemp in what was the prevailing style of the time, Queen Anne, which is also known as Federation style (named so after Australian Federation in 1901). Ussher and Kemp were renowned for their beautiful and complex Queen Anne houses and they designed at least six other houses in Finch Street alone. "The Gables" remained a private residence for many years. When Lawrence Birchnell sold it, the house was converted into a rooming house. It remained so throughout the tumultuous 1920s until 1930 when it was sold again. The new owners converted "The Gables" into a reception hall for hire for private functions. The first wedding reception was a breakfast held in the formal dining room in 1930, followed by dancing to Melbourne’s first jukebox in the upstairs rooms. Notorious Melbourne gangster Joseph Theodore Leslie "Squizzy" Taylor was reputed to have thrown a twenty-first birthday party for his girlfriend of the day in the main ballroom (what had originally been the house's billiards room). "The Gables" became very famous for its grand birthday parties throughout the 1930s and 1940s. With its easy proximity to the Caulfield Race Course, "The Gables" ran an underground speakeasy and gambling room upstairs and sold beer from the back door during Melbourne’s restrictive era of alcohol not sold after six o'clock at night. Throughout its history, "The Gables" has been a Melbourne icon, celebrating generation after generation of Melbourne’s wedding receptions, parties and balls. Lovingly restored, the atmosphere and charm of "The Gables" have been retained for the future generations.
Grand in its proportions, "The Gables" is a sprawling villa that is built of red brick, but its main feature, as the name suggests, is its many ornamented gables. The front façade is dominated by six different sized gables, each supported by ornamental Art Nouveau influenced timber brackets. The front and side of the house is skirted by a wide verandah decorated with wooden balustrades and rounded fretwork. "The Gables" features two grand bay windows and three other large sets of windows along the front facade, all of which feature beautiful and delicate Art Nouveau stained glass of stylised flowers or fruit. Impressive Art Nouveau stained glass windows can also be found around the entrance, which features the quote made quite popular at the time by Australian soprano Nellie Melba "east, west, home's best." Art Nouveau stained glass can be found in all of the principal rooms of the house; both upstairs and down. “The Gables” also features distinctive chimneys and the classic Queen Anne high pitched gable roofs with decorative barge-boards, terra-cotta tiles and ornate capping.
As a result of Federation in 1901, it was not unusual to find Australian flora and fauna celebrated in architecture. This is true of "The Gables", which features intricate plaster work and leadlight throughout the mansion showing off Australian gum leaves and flowers. "The Gables" has fifteen beautifully renovated rooms, many of which are traditionally decorated, including beautiful chandeliers, ornate restored wood and tile fireplaces, leadlight windows, parquetry flooring, sixteen foot ceilings and a sweeping staircase. The drawing room still also features the original leadlight conservatory "The Gables" boasted when it was first built.
"The Gables", set on an acre of land, still retains many of the original trees, including the original hedge and two enormous cypress trees in the front. The garden was designed by William Guilfoyle, the master landscape architect of the Royal Botanical Gardens, and "The Gables" still retains much of it original structure. It features a rose-covered gazebo, a pond and fountain, as well as the tallest Norfolk Island pine in the area, which can be seen from some of the tallest skyscrapers in the Melbourne CBD.
Henry Hardie Kemp was born in Lancashire in 1859 and designed many other fine homes around Melbourne, particularly in Kew, including his own home “Held Lawn” (1913). He also designed the APA Building in Elizabeth Street in 1889 (demolished in 1980) and the Melbourne Assembly Hall on Collins Street between 1914 and 1915. He died in Melbourne in 1946.
Beverley Ussher was born in Melbourne in 1868 and designed homes and commercial buildings around Melbourne, as well as homes in the country. He designed "Milliara" (John Whiting house) in Toorak, in 1895 (since demolished) and "Blackwood Homestead" in Western Australia. He died in 1908.
Beverley Ussher and Henry Kemp formed a partnership in 1899, which lasted until Beverley's death in 1908. Their last building design together was the Professional Chambers building in Collins Street in 1908. Both men had strong Arts and Crafts commitments, and both had been in partnerships before forming their own. The practice specialised in domestic work and their houses epitomize the Marseilles-tiled Queen Anne Federation style houses characteristic of Melbourne, and considered now to be a truly distinctive Australian genre. Their designs use red bricks, terracotta tiles and casement windows, avoid applied ornamentation and develop substantial timber details. The picturesque character of the houses results from a conscious attempt to express externally with gables, dormers, bays, roof axes, and chimneys, the functional variety of rooms within. The iconic Federation houses by Beverley Ussher and Henry Kemp did not appear until 1892-4. Then, several of those appeared in Malvern, Canterbury and Kew.
Queen Anne style was mostly a residential style inspired by the Arts and Crafts movement in England, but also encompassed some of the more stylised elements of Art Nouveau, which gave it an more decorative look. Queen Anne style was most popular around the time of Federation. With complex roofline structures and undulating facades, many Queen Anne houses fell out of fashion at the beginning of the modern era, and were demolished.
Developer of Navigate accepts Honorable Mention during an App Quest 3.0. event sponsored by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, AT&T, Transit Wireless, and New York University’s Center for Urban Science and Progress (CUSP), to announce winners in their global competition to solicit development of new mobile solutions designed to help improve commutes for millions of subway, bus and rail riders across the five boroughs. Photo: Metropolitan Transportation Authority / Patrick Cashin
Developer of ReMap accepts Best Data Visualization Award during an App Quest 3.0. event sponsored by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, AT&T, Transit Wireless, and New York University’s Center for Urban Science and Progress (CUSP), to announce winners in their global competition to solicit development of new mobile solutions designed to help improve commutes for millions of subway, bus and rail riders across the five boroughs. Photo: Metropolitan Transportation Authority / Patrick Cashin
Developer of NYC Accessible accepts Runner-up Prize for Best Accessibility App for Disabled MTA Customers during an App Quest 3.0. event sponsored by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, AT&T, Transit Wireless, and New York University’s Center for Urban Science and Progress (CUSP), to announce winners in their global competition to solicit development of new mobile solutions designed to help improve commutes for millions of subway, bus and rail riders across the five boroughs. Photo: Metropolitan Transportation Authority / Patrick Cashin
You’ve most likely seen a web developer such as this where it states “mobile-optimized” or “mobile-version” frequently having a link at the end that reads “view desktop version” or if you notice it offers m within the URL m.facebook.com.
Within our research at Atilus on top techniques by not just web-developers, but additionally affiliate marketers from around the globe we’ve discovered that a passionate mobile site, although ideal in certain large-scale applications just isn’t achievable (or necessary) for a lot of companies. Here’s a failure of a few of the benefits and drawbacks and and various applications best places toOrshould not make use of a dedicated mobile site:
DEDICATED MOBILE-SITE PROS DEDICATED MOBILE-SITE CONS
Custom(ized) Experience - a custom experience results in more happy visitors.Costly - Developing a whole separate setup for mobile users using a dedicated mobile site could be costly - as well as you’ll wish to account not only for that tiniest smartphone screens, but the largest Tablet screens too.
Affordable - on small scales there are several tools available to instantly give a mobile enhanced experience (Duda Mobile).Upkeep - Keeping the website up-to-date has already been challenging enough. For those who have a passionate mobile web developer it might mean creating two or more copies of all things.
Marketing - It’s become obvious that Google along with other search engines like google are rewarding websites that custom-tailor encounters for every audience and supply the very best encounters. You might even see a lift searching traffic by applying a mobile-enhanced experience.Marketing Complexities - Due to duplicate site issues, another site, when setup incorrectly could really heard your companies search engine marketing.Sales - supplying a totally customized experience around a specific device or display size might help make the entire process of purchasing (registering, or contacting) simpler - specifically in high volume situations.
Exacting - Can provide additional control for designers and developers that shouldn't cope with various screen sizes.
Exactly What Is A RESPONSIVE MOBILE SITE?
Instead of a strictly “mobile-web developer” a responsive (sometimes known as adaptive) site enables websites to become viewed on various cellular devices and screen sizes. As it would seem responsive sites “respond” towards the device they’re on shifting and scaling in line with the device display size. Responsive design may be the preferred selection of Google, and whatever the method you implement Google makes it obvious that it'll begin rewarding companies which have enhanced their websites (no matter means) with greater Internet Search Engine Result Page (SERP) rankings.
AT&T's Executive Director Neil Giacobbi speaks during an App Quest 3.0. event sponsored by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, AT&T, Transit Wireless, and New York University’s Center for Urban Science and Progress (CUSP), to announce winners in their global competition to solicit development of new mobile solutions designed to help improve commutes for millions of subway, bus and rail riders across the five boroughs. Photo: Metropolitan Transportation Authority / Patrick Cashin