components photos on Flickr

Jewelry and accessories made from electronics waste by Recyclart

www.recyclart.org/2013/08/joyas-y-accesorios-de-residuos-...

Electron Memories is an idea that represents my Jewelry and accessories made from recycled electronic components. Memories Electron was born by combining my passion for technology, art and the need to live in a less polluted world. I started taking apart old electronics components that are no longer used or thrown in the street that pollute the soil and underground water.

Researched and dabbled on current trends in jewelry and accessories, it began to emerge creatures and objects of art. So, recycling and combining these old electronics devices where electrons circulates before are now only memories of his travels at the speed of light, these gems were born.

Electron Memories es la idea que representa a mis Joyas y accesorios hechos con componentes electrónicos reciclados. Electron Memories nació combinando la pasión por la tecnología, el arte y la necesidad de vivir en un mundo menos contaminado. Comencé desarmando viejos aparatos electrónicos que ya no usaba o que encontraba en la calle e iban a contaminar la tierra y el agua enterrados como relleno. Reconecté mi pasado artístico de maquetista y se despertó nuevamente el artista que estaba hibernando hasta esta primavera de colores y formas característicos de los variopintos componentes electrónicos.

Investigué e incursioné sobre las tendencias actuales en joyas y accesorios y empezaron a surgir criaturas y objetos de arte.

Así reciclando, combinando y resignificando estos antiguos artilugios de la electrónica por donde antes circulaban electrones y hoy sólo quedan los recuerdos de sus viajes a la velocidad de la luz, nacieron estas joyas. Hernan Bressan.

More information: Electron Memories website !

Submitted by: Hernan Bressan !

Bloco troca Clube do Pano by Bela Silveira

5 3

Brincadeira entre componentes do Clube do Pano Lu Gastal - bloco para quem receber fazer uma composição.

El trío calaveras by Carlos Oliveras

3 1

Los componentes del trío al que me refiero en el título no son realmente los dos hombres y el perrillo que se ven en la foto, sino tres tipos (el que falta no sale en el encuadre).

Esta es una foto con cierta historia detrás, y para explicarla bien, hasta pensé en dedicarle una entrada en el blog o un vídeo, para hablar de paso de mi enfoque de la fotografía en la calle. Pero estoy tan amargado y harto de temas personales, que se me quitan las ganas de todo, y también de "narrar" la historia de esta foto, así que la cosa se quedará en esta enigmática estampa de un can y dos tipos que se intuyen peculiares.

Basic Components by Tobias Klein

8 2

www.kltobias.com

Two Classic Components by MJBiehn

5 5

A westbound local led by classy standard cab power passes the ancient B&O cantilever at Leipsic on a dreary day in July 2015.

Blessed - Tile Component by Janet Wilson

4 1

polymer clay tile with layers of color using acrylic paint and inks. Back, sides and work strip is coated in metal paints, patinas - Swellegant productsl

Atlas Payload Component by SDASM Archives

1

PictionID:44811700 - Title:Atlas Payload Component - Catalog:14_014451 - Filename:14_014451.TIF - - - - Image from the Convair/General Dynamics Astronautics Atlas Negative Collection. The processing, cataloging and digitization of these images has been made possible by a generous National Historical Publications and Records grant from the National Archives and Records Administration---Please Tag these images so that the information can be permanently stored with the digital file.---Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum

Atlas Collection Image by SDASM Archives

4

PictionID:54255524 - Catalog:14_034414 - Title:GD/Astronautics Details: Missile Components - Filename:14_034414.tif - - - Images from the Convair/General Dynamics Astronautics Atlas Negative Collection. The processing, cataloging and digitization of these images has been made possible by a generous National Historical Publications and Records grant from the National Archives and Records Administration---Please Tag these images so that the information can be permanently stored with the digital file.---Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum

Components by Tom DeMay

5 4

20101124-1 components by Jun Mitani

4

Conglomerate Ⅴ by Linus

4

Components and Combination by Otaka

3 1

Atlas Payload Component by SDASM Archives

2

PictionID:44808837 - Title:Atlas Payload Component - Catalog:14_014216 - Filename:14_014216.TIF - - - Image from the Convair/General Dynamics Astronautics Atlas Negative Collection. The processing, cataloging and digitization of these images has been made possible by a generous National Historical Publications and Records grant from the National Archives and Records Administration---Please Tag these images so that the information can be permanently stored with the digital file.---Repository: San Diego Air and Space Museum

Solar Panels and Components by AnnaS23

"Eco Smart provides Solar Panels of world class premium brands up to 25 years of manufacturer warranty at wholesale prices. We provide many benefits over our Solar Panels and Components which will foremost bring you a long lasting value of our recommended components.For more information visit www.ecosmart-solar.com

1st Floor, Al Riqqa Building,

Near Clock Tower, Deira,

Dubai, U.A.E.

Phone: +971 4 2669986

E-mail: dubai@ecosmart-intl.com"

Head and Components by Ryan Walker

5 4

Close up shot of a cars head and components,,

Solar Panels by william2029

1

Eco Smart provides Solar Panels of world class premium brands up to 25 years of manufacturer warranty at wholesale prices. We provide many benefits over our Solar Panels and Components which will foremost bring you a long lasting value of our recommended components.For more information visit www.ecosmart-solar.com

1st Floor, Al Riqqa Building,

Near Clock Tower, Deira,

Dubai, U.A.E.

Phone: +971 4 2669986

E-mail: dubai@ecosmart-intl.com

Components by Windell Oskay

2

A simple, quick, and very cheap circuit to turn on an LED when it gets dark. Read more about this project here.

DVD rotor 02 by Craig Paup

3 1

Any use, printed or digital, in whole or edited, requires my written permission.

Google god by component

5 3

Nov 2010 NZ

Banshee Components by Matt De Lanoy

6

Here are the main sections of the Banshee. When transporting this for shows, this is probably how I'll do it - otherwise it'll just get banged up and pieces will go everywhere.

components by upmanchester

components by Decware High Fidelity Engineering Co.

Component parts by Mxziton

4

The lock from a small but very solid! safe which had the code lost and had to be "cracked"

Gone fishing for .. A by component

4

Auckland April 2009

Photo by Enforce 1

Collaboration Pod - Components by Avaya Inc.

Avaya Collaboration Pods are turnkey solutions that enable rapid deployment of Avaya real-time applications in private, hybrid and public clouds.

1:72 Messerschmitt Me 709 A-2; „<+ – yellow“, VI/JG.7, Deutsche Luftwaffe. Personal mount of Gruppenadjutant Ferdinand Walgenbach, Teltow, Summer 1946 (Whif/Luft'46/kit bashing) by Dizzyfugu

3

+++ DISCLAIMER +++

Nothing you see here is real, even though the conversion or the presented background story might be based historical facts. BEWARE!

Some background

The Messerschmitt Me 709 was a derivate of the unsuccessful German World War II Me 309 fighter project and its short-lived Zwilling descendant, the Me 609 which joined two fuselages of the Me 309 fighter prototype together to form a heavy fighter. The Me 609 project was initiated in response to a 1941 Reich Air Ministry requirement for a new Zerstörer (heavy fighter) to replace the Bf 110 in a minimum time and with minimum new parts.

In the Me 609 development phase, Messerschmitt had actually contemplated numerous twin-boom adaptations of its Bf 109 line including the Bf 109Z (which joined two Bf 109s) and the Me 409 (which used two Me 209-II aircraft). When it became clear that the Me 609 would not be cleared for service due to the progress in jet fighter development, the program was shelved - but quickly revived in 1943 when the high hopes in the jet engines were disappointed.

When it became clear that no jet fighter with a true dogfight capability would be in service on short notice, the RLM called for a high speed interceptor against high flying USAF bombers and their long range fighter escorts. The fast De Havilland Mosquito was another threat which was hard to counter with the existing types in service. A top speed of more than 750 km/h was requested, as well as a high rate of climb and a high agility for close combat. The fighter should also be easy to build and use many proven components in order to get it into service as quickly as possible.

Messerschmitt’s resulting Me 709 was basically a redesigned Me 309/609, since it was clear that only a twin-engined aircraft could meet the RLM requirements. Instead of two joined Me 309 fuselages with a new center wing section into which the two inboard wheels of the landing gear would retract, the Me 709 used a pull/push layout, very similar to the Fokker D-XXIII fighter. Main reason for this decision was the attempt to minimize drag and keep overall dimensions as compact as possible, offering only a small target. Easy single engine handling and high roll rate due to the weight masses centered along the longitudinal axis were another benefit of the concept. Additionally, the impressive results of the Dornier Do 335 development had additional influence. From this project, the Me 709's ejection seat (using pressurized air) and a mechanism to blow off the tail propeller fins in a case of emergency were incorporated.

The Me 709 kept the Me 309's tricycle undercarriage, even though the main wheels now retracted inwards into the center wing sections. The slender tail booms contained two separate radiator baths, the gun armament above them and fuel tanks. Additional tanks were located in the inner wing sections, before and aft the landing gear wells, as well as under the cockpit, where the Me 309 originally had its retractable radiator mounted. The tail booms were connected by a single horizontal stabilizer, taken straight from the Me 609. The second engine behind the pressurized cockpit (also taken from the Me 309) caused a considerable CG shift aft, so that the Me 309’s original wing main spar had to be moved backwards by almost 4' – but since the original radiator had been deleted, this caused no big problem and actually improved the field of view for the pilot.

Initially, two fighter versions of the Me 709 were planned, both single seaters and differing mainly in the outer wing sections. The 'A' series would be a highly agile fighter for medium to low heights, with a secondary use as fighter bomber for close air support. Armament was projected with four lightweight 30 mm MK 108 cannons, but since these highly effective guns were reserved for other projects like the Me 262, two of the guns were substituted with the heavier (but also more powerful) MK 103 cannons, or all four guns would be replaced by 20mm MG 151/20 cannons. The 'B' series would have a longer wing span (+3,6m/11 ft 9½ in) and reduced/lighter armament (only two MG 151/20), optimized for high altitude interceptions and reconnaissance.

An additional projected version, the Me 709 'C', would be outfitted as a fast bomber, with a semi-recessed 1.000kg bomb under the fuselage, provisions for additional lighter bombs under the tail booms, paired with the reduced gun armament and the longer wing span from the B version, but with additional fuel in integral tanks in the outer wing sections.

Two prototypes of the A and B version each were quickly assembled from existing Me 309 airframes, first flight tests took place in October 1944. Initially, the Me 709s were equipped with the Daimler-Benz DB 603G engine, but later use of the Jumo 213 engine with 2.000 hp and more was envisaged, pushing the top speed beyond 500mph/800km/h .

Flight tests were successful, even though the A fighter lacked directional stability and the high altitude B fighter would offer no real advantage compared to the simpler, single-engined Focke Wulf Ta 152. In January 1945, the RLM decided consequently to drop the B version, but the Me 709 A was to be developed further. Five additional pre-production airframes (A-0 series) were ordered and delivered until April 1945. These new machines featured, among other detail improvements, a recognizable dihedral to the outer wing sections, which also carried drooped wing tips. This proved to be a successful measure to improve stability, but the Me 709 A remained a rather nervous plane that constantly called for an attentive pilot. In this guise, the Me 709 A-1 was cleared and ordered for production. Delivery of the first serial machines took place in June 1945, and they were mainly used for home defense.

Several equipment packages (‘Rüstsätze’) were quickly developed and added to field machines. They would allow the carriage of various external loads, e .g. an ETC for a single max. 1.000kg bomb under the fuselage (R1), 2× 300l drop tanks on hardpoints under the tail booms (R2) or wooden racks with 2× 12 unguided R4M missiles under the outer wings (R3). After an initial batch of forty A-1 aircraft, R1 and R2 were incorporated into series production, which then became, with several other equipment changes, the A-2 main series. Almost all older models were brought to this standard within a few months, even though the gun armament differed considerably between individual aircraft.

All in all, a total of 243 Me 709 were built, all of them A series aircraft. By the time designs were being ironed out, the revolutionary Me 262 and Ar 234 turbojets and the introduction of more potent and reliable jet engines like the Heinkel-Hirth HeS 011 negated the need for further piston-engined fighter design and stopped further development of the Me 709.

Me 709 A-2, general characteristics:

Crew: 1

Length: 36 ft 1 in (11.01 m)

Wingspan: 40 ft 6½ in (12.38 m)

Height: 11 ft 11 in (3.64 m)

Wing area: 221.72 ft² (20.68 m²)

Empty weight: 10.665 lb (4.842 kg)

Loaded weight: 14.405 lb (6.540 kg)

Max. take-off weight: 18.678 lb (8.480 kg)

Maximum speed: 760 km/h (472 mph) at 6.400m (21.000 ft)

Range: 620 mi (840 km ) with internal fuel only

Service ceiling: 36,000 ft (10.970 m)

Rate of climb: 4.635 ft/min (23,6 m/s)

Wing loading: 29.8 lb/ft² (121.9 kg/m²)

Power/mass: 0.24 hp/lb (0.39 kW/kg)

Engine: 2× Daimler-Benz DB 603G inverted V-12 liquid-cooled piston engine, 1,287 kW (1,726 hp) each

Armament: Varied, but typically four cannons in the front of the tail booms. Typically, 2× 30 mm (1.18 in) MK 103 cannons with 50 RPG and 2× 30 mm (1.18 in) MK 108 cannons with 110 RPG were fitted; additionally up to 1.000 kg of external loads, including bombs, drop tanks and R4M unguided missiles.

The kit and its assembly

This what-if was inspired by a picture of a very similar model I found a while ago in the WWW, and I found the idea of a push/pull Me 109 derivate very attractive. Why not? When I thought about how to realize such a model with as little effort as possible, I came across HUMA's Me 609 kit - and this basically offered anything necessary, bare the tail booms. These were quickly gathered from the spare box: they come from a Fw 189 (Airfix) and were cut just behind the wings’ trailing edge. Still a bit thick, but the idea of using the front as radiator intakes is a neat solution which also frees the fuselage from the bulky cooler tub of the Me 309.

Originally I wanted to incorporate the original outer wings of HUMA's Me 609 (which are 100% Me 309 wings - you even have to close the landing gear bays by yourself to use them in the original kit!), but found the wing span to become much too big for my conversion – they inspired the ‘B’ version, though. Anyway, I was lucky that I found a pair of He 162 wings in the scrap box, leftover pieces from my Ki-53 whif. They fit nicely in size and design, and this way the ‘A’ version was born.

Almost anything in my Me 709 build comes from the HUMA kit, but it took some putty work to put some of the parts together. Esp. melding the additional rearward-facing engine with the shortened Me 309 fuselage was tricky. Another challenge was to moving the inner wing sections backwards – the original single part had to be cut in half, so that the original intersections did not fit anymore.

.As a side note: Fit and detail of the HUMA kit is rather poor, and the material is rather waxy. O.K., it is a small company, with limited production runs. But for the fact that this kit has been around for so long, quality standards of the late 70ies are IMHO hard to accept. Best thing about the kit is the injected clear canopy… Good that I got the kit rather cheap - if I had to build it OOB, I'd be really disappointed!

Further modifications include the closure of the original radiator bath under the fuselage, and the rear engine (cut away from the leftover second fuselage) needed some serious surgery, including the closure of the landing gear bay under the engine. The rear exhausts had to be built from scratch, since the rear engine's exhaust would face forwards (they are molded onto the fuselage) and also obstruct the attachment area to the forward fuselage.

Painting and markings

For this plane, a typical late German WWII paint scheme was intended, and I settled for a late Bf 109 G livery in RLM 81/82/76 (Braunviolett, Dunkelgrün and Lichtblau), with a wavy but clear demarcation between upper and lower sides and a few, sharp blotches along the flanks. Testors/Model Master paints were used with authentic RLM tones (Testors 2090 and 2091 for above, Humbrol 128 below). In s second step, these colors were lightened/bleached through dry-brushing with slightly lighter tones (Humbrol 155 and 116 on top sides, Testors 2086 below). Additionally, a light black ink wash was applied in order to emphasize details and panel lines, and I added some patches with RLM 76 and 02 which are to represent areas where older markings had been painted over in a hurry. All trim tabs were painted in red brown (Humbrol 100), the spinners were painted 2/3 black, 1/3 white, a typical Me 109 F/G/K design.

For squadron markings, I wanted to have something authentic. The red and blue bands around the tail booms are typical late war ID markings, they belong to the 7th Jagdstaffel (JG. 7). Furthermore, the yellow horizontal bar marks the machine as being part of the 2nd group (which organizationally comprises 2nd, 6th, 10th squadron etc.).

The simple black chevron with white outlines on the central fuselage shows that the pilot is the Group's Second-in-Command (Gruppenadjutant), I christened him Ferdinand Walgenbach, totally fictional and with no real person in mind. As an officer’s personal ride, the plane consequently carries no further tactical code, e .g. a number in the group’s color. The small "A" in the chevron (obscured by exhaust dirt) is a personal addition of the pilot - not unusual among officers' markings. The Luftwaffe had a complicated system, didn’t they?

Bands and squadron markings were puzzled together from various TL Modellbau decal sheets from Germany, very good stuff for individual conversions and of high printing quality.

Another side note: The "Planes & Pilots" book series from France is a very good reference and inspiration here, as well as for squadron markings.

In the end, the result looks less spectacular than expected?

Nicolás Pérez Luis - Saxofón by Filarmónica Realejos

components by dasar

4

get_DSC6917

Porcelain jewelry components by Nancy Adams

6 2

Polymer clay jewelry components by Susana Paredes

3

Polymer clay jewelry components

COMPONENTES ESTRUCTURANTES by SaMBa DrumArq

1

Presentación Final del Proyecto en la Comuna 8 Medellin: Intergrando Comuna 8 Octavo Semestre/Taller9 UNAL Facultad de Arquitectura

components by deb

Mediterranean Eggplant and Barley Salad on smittenkitchen.com

Belgian Air Component by André Garcez

5

A Belgian Air Component F-16 goes ballistic during its display at the Royal International Air Tattoo.

María Jesús González Pérez - Percusión by Filarmónica Realejos

Universal Studios Florida Sep 2014 by Janice Dressley

Universal Studios Florida is a theme park located in Orlando, Florida. Opened on June 7, 1990, the park's theme is the entertainment industry, in particular movies and television. Universal Studios Florida inspires its guests to "ride the movies", and it features numerous attractions and live shows. The park is one component of the larger Universal Orlando Resort.

In 2013, the park hosted an estimated 7.06 million guests, ranking it the eighth-most visited theme park in the United States, and ranking it sixteenth worldwide.[2]

Contents [hide]

1 History 1.1 Park history

1.2 Branding

1.3 Timeline

1.4 Previous attractions

2 Park design 2.1 Production Central

2.2 New York

2.3 San Francisco

2.4 London/Diagon Alley

2.5 World Expo

2.6 Woody Woodpecker's Kidzone

2.7 Hollywood

3 Character appearances

4 Production facilities

5 Annual events 5.1 Grad Bash and Gradventure

5.2 Halloween Horror Nights

5.3 Macy's Holiday Parade

5.4 Mardi Gras

5.5 Rock the Universe

5.6 Summer Concert Series

6 Universal's Express Pass

7 Attendance

8 See also

9 References

10 External links

History[edit]

This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2010)

The original entrance to the theme park.

Over the years, Universal Studios Florida has not limited itself to attractions based on its own vast film library. It has occasionally licensed popular characters from other rival studios, many of whom did not operate theme parks themselves. Some examples include Ghostbusters and Men in Black, (Sony's Columbia Pictures), The Simpsons (20th Century Fox) and Shrek (DreamWorks Animation).

Many of the park's past and present attractions were developed with the actual creators of the films they were based on, and feature the original stars as part of the experience. Steven Spielberg helped create E.T. Adventure and was a creative consultant for Back to the Future: The Ride, Twister...Ride it Out, An American Tail Theatre, Jaws, Men in Black: Alien Attack and Transformers: The Ride.

In many current rides, the original stars reprised their film roles including: Rip Torn and Will Smith in Men in Black: Alien Attack, Brendan Fraser for Revenge of the Mummy: The Ride, Bill Paxton and Helen Hunt in Twister...Ride it Out, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Edward Furlong and Linda Hamilton reprised their roles for Terminator 2: 3-D Battle Across Time, Mike Myers, Eddie Murphy, Cameron Diaz, and John Lithgow for Shrek 4D, Steve Carell, Miranda Cosgrove, Dana Gaier, and Elsie Fisher reprised their roles from Despicable Me for Despicable Me: Minion Mayhem, and Peter Cullen and Frank Welker reprised their roles as Optimus Prime and Megatron for Transformers: The Ride.

In many former rides, the many original stars were also to reprise their film roles such as: Christopher Lloyd and Thomas F. Wilson in Back to the Future: The Ride, Roy Scheider recorded a voice over for the conclusion of Jaws, Alfred Hitchcock and Anthony Perkins appeared in Alfred Hitchcock: The Art of Making Movies, additionally, various Nicktoon voice actors reprised their roles in Jimmy Neutron's Nicktoon Blast.

Park history[edit]

From its inception in 1982,[3] Universal Studios Florida was designed as a theme park and a working studio. It was also the first time that Universal Studios had constructed an amusement park "from the ground up." However, the proposed project was put on hold until 1986, when a meeting between Steven Spielberg, a co-founder for the park, and Peter N. Alexander prompted for the creation of a Back to the Future simulator ride in addition to the already planned King Kong based ride.[4]

A major component of the original park in Hollywood is its studio tour, which featured several special-effects exhibits and encounters built into the tour, such as an attack by the great white shark from the film Jaws. For its Florida park, Universal Studios took the concepts of the Hollywood tour scenes and developed them into larger, stand-alone attractions. As an example, in Hollywood, the studio tour trams travel close to a shoreline and are "attacked" by Jaws before they travel to the next part of the tour. In Florida, guests entered the "Jaws" attraction and would board a boat touring the fictitious Amity Harbor, where they encountered the shark, then exited back into the park at the conclusion of the attraction. Universal Studios Florida originally had a Studio Tour attraction that visited the production facilities, but that tour has since been discontinued.

Branding[edit]

Previous slogans for Universal Studios Florida were: See the Stars. Ride the Movies. (1990 - 1998); No one makes believe like we do! (1990 - 1998); Ride the Movies (1998 - 2008); Jump into the Action (2008–2012). The current slogan is: Experience the Movies (2012–present).

Timeline[edit]

1986: Land clearing takes place on the swamp land purchased by MCA/Universal that would hold the park.

1987: Universal Studios Florida is announced at a press conference on the Hollywood property, with a planned opening date of December 1989.

1988: Universal Studios Florida's opening date is delayed from December, 1989 to May 1, 1990. Shortly following, MCA/Universal releases a video detailing the future park, which stars Christopher Lloyd as the Universal character Doc Brown interacting with the various attractions at the Florida park.[5] Universal Studios allows guests to witness the production of television shows and motion pictures in the Florida park's soundstages in middle 1988, while the rest of the studio/park is still under construction.[6]

1989: MCA/Universal Studios claims that The Walt Disney Company and its CEO, Michael Eisner copied several concepts of the Universal Studios Florida park, and integrated them into Disney's recently opened Disney/MGM Studios park.[7]

1990: On January 31, Universal Studios Florida's opening date is again delayed from May 1, 1990 to June 7, 1990.[8] Universal Studios Florida begins soft openings for the general public in late May.[9] Many of the park's attractions are not yet open at the time, and still under testing. Universal Studios Florida is officially opened with a grand opening style ceremony on June 7.[10] The park opens with five themed areas: The Front Lot (entrance area), Production Central, New York, San Francisco/Amity, Expo Center, Hollywood as well as a Lagoon located in the center of the park. The Front Lot and Production Central areas are referred to as "In Production", the New York section is referred to as "Now Shooting", the San Francisco and Amity sections are referred to as "On Location" and the Expo Center area is referred to as "The World of CineMagic Center". Nickelodeon Studios also opened on this day where there was a grand opening ceremony hosted by Marc Summers. Due to massive technical problems with the original Kongfrontation, Earthquake: The Big One and Jaws rides, Universal begins a temporary voucher service to allow guests to re-visit the studio/park when the attractions are operating.[10] Jaws is temporarily closed by Universal on September 30 due to persistent major technical problems. During the shut-down, Universal sues the original designer of the Jaws ride,[11] Ride & Show Engineering, and hires Totally Fun Company to create a re-designed version of most of the ride.

1991: Universal adds four new attractions to the park: The Blues Brothers Show, StreetBusters, The Screen Test Home Video Adventure and How to Make a Mega Movie Deal.[12] Back to the Future: The Ride officially opens in the World Expo Center area of the park, in a grand opening ceremony.[13] The ride is considered to be a success, and receives positive reception from theme park critics.[14] Fright Nights debuts at the park. In 1992, it is renamed to Halloween Horror Nights.

1993: Jaws is re-opened, with many scenes altered. MCA/Universal announces plans to expand Universal Studios Florida into the Universal City, Florida resort complex, including a second theme park and multiple hotels.[15]

1995: Universal Studios Florida celebrates its 5th anniversary. A Day in the Park with Barney opens in the World Expo area. The Production Studio Tour is closed due to a dwindle in the studios' recent Film/TV production.

1996: Terminator 2: 3-D Battle Across Time opens in the Hollywood area.[16]

1997: Universal announces that Ghostbusters Spooktacular will be replaced by Twister...Ride it Out, with a planned opening date of Spring 1998[17] Universal Studios announces that the sole Studio park will be expanded into the Universal Studios Escape, including the Islands of Adventure park, Universal CityWalk Orlando and multiple hotels. The Islands of Adventure Preview Center opens in the New York area, replacing The Screen Test Home Video Adventure. It is meant to give guests a preview of the up-coming Islands of Adventure park, as well as expansion of the Studio park into the Universal Studios Escape resort.

1998: The expansion begins as the original open parking lot for Universal Studios Florida is demolished and replaced by CityWalk and a parking garage complex.[18] Universal delays the opening of Twister...Ride it Out from March, 1998 to May 4, 1998 out of respect for the 42 deaths caused by a recent El Nino outbreak of tornadoes in the central Florida area. Twister...Ride it Out opens in the New York area, replacing Ghostbusters Spooktacular.[19] A new area of the park, Woody Woodpecker's Kidzone, is officially opened, holding the attractions Curious George Goes to Town, StarToons and the previously opened Fievel's Playland, E.T. Adventure, Animal Actors Stage and A Day in the Park with Barney; CityWalk opens outside of the park.

1999: Woody Woodpecker's Nuthouse Coaster opens in the Woody Woodpecker's Kidzone area. Islands of Adventure opens next door to Universal Studios Florida.[20]

2000: Men in Black: Alien Attack opens in the World Expo area, on the former site of The Swamp Thing Set. Universal Studios Florida's 10th anniversary celebration.

2001: Animal Planet Live opens, replacing Animal Actors Stage.

2002: Universal Studios Escape is renamed Universal Orlando Resort. Kongfrontation closes in a closing ceremony. Halloween Horror Nights is moved to Islands of Adventure. Macy's Holiday Parade debuts at the park.

2003: Jimmy Neutron's Nicktoon Blast opens, replacing The Funtastic World of Hanna-Barbera.[21] Shrek 4-D opens with Donkey's Photo Finish, replacing Alfred Hitchcock: The Art of Making Movies and Stage 54 respectively.[22]

2004: Revenge of the Mummy: The Ride opens, replacing Kongfrontation.[23] Halloween Horror Nights takes place in both Universal Studios Florida and Islands of Adventure.

2005: Universal Express Plus is introduced, replacing Universal Express. Nickelodeon Studios closes after nearly 15 years. Fear Factor Live opens, replacing The Wild Wild Wild West Stunt Show. Universal Studios Florida celebrates its 15th anniversary.

2006: Delancey Street Preview Center opens in the New York area. Universal 360: A Cinesphere Spectacular opens, replacing Dynamite Nights Stunt Spectacular. Animal Planet Live is closed, and replaced by Animal Actors on Location. Halloween Horror Nights returns to Universal Studios Florida for its "Sweet 16".

2007: Back to the Future: The Ride closes on March 30.[24] Blue Man Group Sharp Aquos Theatre opens in CityWalk, replacing Nickelodeon Studios. Earthquake: The Big One closes in the San Francisco area on November 5.

2008: Disaster!: A Major Motion Picture Ride...Starring You! opens, replacing Earthquake: The Big One.[25] Universal announces Hollywood Rip Ride Rockit, with a planned opening of Spring 2009. The Simpsons Ride opens, replacing Back to the Future: The Ride.[26]

2009: The Universal Music Plaza Stage opens, replacing The Boneyard. Hollywood Rip Ride Rockit opens.

2010: The 20th anniversary of Universal Studios Florida in June, as well as Halloween Horror Nights in October.

2011: The 10th anniversary of Macy's Holiday Parade at the park.[27]

2012: Jaws and the surrounding Amity themed area closes, as announced on December 2, 2011.[28] Universal announces the additions of Universal’s Cinematic Spectacular: 100 Years of Movie Memories and Universal's Superstar Parade to the park, with openings on May 8, 2012.[29] Despicable Me: Minion Mayhem, opens replacing Jimmy Neutron's Nicktoon Blast; as announced on March 14, 2011 as "...one of many exciting things planned for the next couple of years".[30] Universal Orlando Resort announced Transformers: The Ride will officially open in the summer of 2013, replacing Soundstages 44 and 54, which were demolished on June 24, 2012.[31] SpongeBob StorePants,a gift shop themed after SpongeBob SquarePants opened in Woody Woodpecker's Kidzone replacing the Universal Cartoon Store

2013: The opening date for Transformers The Ride is announced for June 20, 2013. Details of The Wizarding World of Harry Potter expansion are officially announced. Details for the new Simpsons Land are announced and expected to open in the summer of 2013. Transformers: The Ride officially opens in the Production Central area replacing Soundstage 44. Simpsons Fast Food Boulevard (renamed Springfield U.S.A.) concludes its expansion as it includes one new ride: Kang and Kodos Twirl 'n' Hurl.

2014: The opening date for The Wizarding World of Harry Potter Diagon Alley is announced for July 8, 2014 amid the Diagon Alley preview red carpet premiere on June 18, 2014 with Domhnall Gleeson, Bonnie Wright, Evanna Lynch, Matthew Lewis, James and Oliver Phelps, Tom Felton, Robbie Coltrane, Warwick Davis and Helena Bonham Carter attending the premiere. King's Cross station opens on July 1, 2014 as well as the Hogwarts Express Hogsmeade station at Universal's Islands of Adventure, connecting park visitors to both theme Harry Potter theme parks via a full scale replica of the train that appears in the Harry Potter film series. Diagon Alley officially opens, replacing Jaws and the Amity section of the park.

Previous attractions[edit]

Main article: List of former Universal Studios Florida attractions

The previous icon of the Jaws ride is still a popular photo spot.

Like all theme parks, attractions are sometimes closed due to aging and replaced with more contemporary attractions. Universal has seen this happen several times. Some notable closures include Kongfrontation, Back to the Future: The Ride, The Funtastic World of Hanna-Barbera and Jaws. The closures of Kongfrontation, Back to the Future, and Jaws have been given homages by the park to honor veteran visitors who revered the former rides.

Park design[edit]

Main article: List of Universal Studios Florida attractions

Universal Studios Florida features seven themed areas all situated around a large lagoon. In 2012, this lagoon was the site of Universal’s Cinematic Spectacular: 100 Years of Movie Memories, a thematic display that showcased scenes from various Universal films, featuring lasers, projectors and fountains, and pyrotechnics.

The seven surrounding themed areas, clockwise from the entrance, are Production Central, New York, San Francisco, London/Diagon Alley, World Expo, Woody Woodpecker's Kidzone and Hollywood. Each area features a combination of rides, shows, attractions, character appearances, dining outlets and merchandise stores. A new area, based on Harry Potter's Diagon Alley was added to the park in the July of 2014.

Production Central[edit]

Ride

Year opened

Manufacturer

Despicable Me: Minion Mayhem 2012 Intamin

Shrek 4-D 2003 PDI/DreamWorks

Hollywood Rip, Ride, Rockit 2009 Maurer Söhne

Transformers: The Ride 3D 2013 Oceaneering International

The Universal Music Plaza Stage 2009

The area is also home to a variety of dining outlets and merchandise shops. Food and beverage items can be purchased from Beverly Hills Boulangerie or Universal Studios' Classic Monsters Cafe while merchandise can be bought from a variety of themed stores including Universal Studios Store, Studio Sweets, It's a Wrap!, Super Silly Stuff, Shrek's Ye Olde Souvenir Shoppe, and Transformers: Supply Vault.[32][33]