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Per Thunell / Filthy Christians (Falun, Sweden) - 1988
Live at
Autonomes Kulturzentrum Metzgerstrasse Hanau
.
SQUAT - SOUNDS
AUTONOMES KULTURZENTRUM HANAU
(Besetztes Haus / Metzgerstrasse-Squat in Hanau / Germany).
Photographs 1987-1994
- Please scroll down for english and german info) -
The Squat - Photos:
www.flickr.com/photos/sterneck/sets/72157627799174125
Squating the Parliament (1988):
www.flickr.com/photos/sterneck/sets/72157627923787960
Concert-Photos 1987-1988:
www.flickr.com/photos/sterneck/sets/72157627799191443
Concert-Photos 1989-1990:
www.flickr.com/photos/sterneck/sets/72157627923799072
Concert-Photos 1991-1992:
www.flickr.com/photos/sterneck/sets/72157627923811302
Concert-Photos 1993-1994:
www.flickr.com/photos/sterneck/sets/72157627923815978
- Concert-Photos 1987-1988:
Culture Shuck (Warminster, England) - 1987+1988
Die Trottel (Budapest, Hungary) - 1988
Fear Of God (Zurich, Switzland) - 1988
Filler (Nottinghamshire, Engand) - 1989
Filthy Christians (Falun, Sweden) - 1988
Generic (Newcastle, England) - 1988
Heresy (Nottingham, England) - 1988
Karma Sutra (Luton, England) - 1988
Lärm (Amersfoort, Netherlands) - 1988
Loveslug (Amsterdam, Netherlands) - 1988
Milgram Experiment (Hanau, Germany) - 1987
Open Session - 1987
Negazione (Turin, Italy) - 1988
Rich Kids on LSD (Santa Barbara, USA) - 1988
Spermbirds (Kaiserslautern, Germany) - 1988
The Plot (Amsterdam, Netherlands) - 1988
UFD - Uncounted Faces of Death (Hanau, Germany) - 1988
Yeastie Girlz (San Francisco, USA) - 1988
5Les (Brussel, Belgium) - 1988
..... and Friends and .....
.........
There were a lot more bands playing in the squat.
If you have photographs or recordings - please get in contact:
contact@sterneck.net
Thanx! *
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THE SQUATED AUTONOMOUS CULTURE CENTER
METZGERSTRASSE / HANAU
In December 1986 some people in Hanau (Germany) decided to squat a house that had been empty for a long time, Metzgerstraße 8. They restored it and filled this free space with a new life.
Soon it became an ’Autonomous Culture-Center’ for the people and by the people, and also a focal point for a solidaric projects and for the resistance against ruling systems in all their repressive forms. The center has had a long history of attempts to establish a self-determined culture-center in Hanau, although it has always been repressed by the local city council.
The basic forum of the center is the ”squatter meeting,” which is open to everyone who has an interest in the squat as a counter-cultural free space. Decisions are made on the consent principle, which means that they try to find a decision that can be supported by everyone. Many activists in the squat, but not all, describe themselves as members of the autonomy movement, which connects anarchist, communist and feminist ideas.
At the moment there are a lot of projects, groups, and events that take place in the center. Everything is done on a do-it-yourself and nonprofit basis; no one receives money for her or his work. Solidarity, trust and self-determination are the basis for all work. Here are some examples:
- The ’Infoladen’ (Infoshop): The Infoshop is an opportunity to get information that can’t be found in the normal bourgeois media. There are a lot of autonomous, left radical and feminist leaflets, brochures and newspapers available. There is also a small media center and an archive that includes material on topics like anti-fascism, atomic politics, women’s liberation, internationalism, etc.
- The ’Volxküche’ (Peoples Kitchen): Frequently people from the community cook a vegetarian meal that is available for a small price. The idea behind this is to overcome isolation between people and the patriarchal roles typical in the kitchen, and, of course, to provide a good tasting meal for many people.
- The Concerts: Concerts in the center are organized, and absolutely dedicated to the principle of working in a self-determined way without a manager, an agency, or even a contract. The bands that play in the squat should have a mutual relation to the ideas of the center. There are no musical limits: Local punk bands have played there as well as jazz bands from North-America and Avantguarde projects from Eastern Europe. Some of the performances have been released on tapes and records.
In a way, the things that happen between the people in the center are more important than the events: changes in behavior, opportunities to live together without hierarchical structures, and new ways of relating. Although the squat is like an island in some ways, it’s far from a concrete utopia. Problems in interpersonal relations exist, as well as differences between ideals and real behaviour.
If people want to go alternative ways, the authorities try to stop them. In Hanau the local city council has said for a long time that none of the things the squatters do and organize represent culture. They decided in parliament that the center was to be closed and torn down without an alternative. In place of the squat, they planned to build five parking places. A decision that is very symbolic and characteristic. Certainly, the real aim was to destroy the ideas and the structures this center stands for.
The answer of the supporters of the Autonomous Culture-Center was the squatting of the parliament of the city. The politicians went out of the building and the squatters voted for the continuation of the center.
Up to now the authorities have not been able to realize their plans for various reasons. On the one hand there are many people who support the squat. There are also legal difficulties around closing it, and they are afraid of the resistance and activities that could take place after closing the squat.
But even if they evict the center, they can’t repress the ideas that the squat stands for. It’s about a self-determined culture and a self-determined life. It’s about dreams and ideals. It’s about consequence and change, here and now.
Wolfgang Sterneck, 2001.
Autonomes Kulturzentrum
Metzgerstrasse 8, D-63450 Hanau, Germany.
Autonomes Kulturzentrum Metzgerstraße:
- www.metzgerstrasse-hanau.org
- de-de.facebook.com/people/Metzgerstrasse-Acht-Hanau/10000...
- www.myspace.com/metzgerstrasse
Info on the Project of John Cage and Sterneck / KomistA in benefit of the squat:
- www.sterneck.net/john-cage/metzgerstrasse-e
- * -
SUBVERSIVE SOUNDS *
Konzerte im Autonomen Kulturzentrum Hanau.
Das besetzte Haus
Im Dezember 1986 kam es in Hanau zur Besetzung eines ehemaligen Nachtclubs in der Metzgerstraße 8. Das Gebäude, das zuvor über Jahre hinweg leer stand, wurde renoviert, neu gestaltet, umbenannt und wird seitdem als Autonomes Kulturzentrum genutzt. Das Ziel der Besetzung war es, einen Freiraum zu schaffen, in dem die Vorstellung einer autonomen Kultur wie auch die Wiederaneignung des entfremdeten Alltags konkret umsetzbar wird.
Vor diesem Hintergrund gelang es, ein Zentrum zu entwickeln, in dem solidarisches Handeln, kollektives Leben und politische Identität auf vielen Ebenen verschmelzen oder sich zumindest annähern. Die Metzgerstraße wurde dadurch zu einem wichtigen Bezugspunkt von dem auf verschiedenen Ebenen vielschichtige politische, soziale und kulturelle Impulse ausgingen.
Im Laufe der Jahre entstanden vielfältige Projekte wie die Volxküche (Essen zum Selbstkostenpreis), der Infoladen (Aktuelle politische Informationen und Archiv) und das Basta-Cafe (Treffpunkt und Sozialberatung). Die politischen Schwerpunkte der im Kulturzentrum aktiven Gruppen liegen unter anderen in den Bereichen 'Internationale Solidarität', Antifaschismus und 'Soziale Veränderung'.
Die Entscheidungen innerhalb des Kulturzentrums werden basisdemokratisch nach dem Konsensprinzip getroffen. Alle Aktivitäten basieren auf einer idealistischen Grundhaltung. Keine Person aus dem Zentrum erhält für ihre Tätigkeiten eine finanzielle Entlohnung.
Selbstbestimmte Kultur ohne Kommerz
Musik hatte von Anfang an in der Metzgerstraße eine besondere Bedeutung. Über das Musikhören hinaus machen viele AktivistInnen selbst Musik, veröffentlichen eigene Aufnahmen oder organisieren Konzerte. Im Sinne des DIY-Prinzipes ('Do it Yourself') werden die Auftritte im direkten Kontakt mit den MusikerInnen ohne Konzertagenturen und auch ohne Verträge auf völlig nichtkommerzieller Basis organisiert.
Eine Grundlage bildet ein solidarisches Verhältnis der MusikerInnen zur Metzgerstraße, was sich unter anderem auch in der Gage ausdrückt, die sich in der Regel auf die für die Band entstandenen Unkosten und die Verpflegung beschränkt. Der Eintrittspreis ist so ausgerichtet, dass er für alle interessierten Personen erschwinglich ist und die anfallenden Kosten deckt bzw. im Rahmen von Benefiz-Konzerten bestimmte Projekte unterstützt.
Freiräume statt Parkplätze
Während der ehemalige sozialdemokratische Kulturdezernat Hanaus davon sprach, dass in der Metzgerstraße keine Kultur stattfindet, bildete dass selbstorganisierte Zentrum durch die Auftritte von Bands aus Westeuropa und Nordamerika einen im Hanauer Kulturleben herausragenden internationalen Bezugspunkt. Die musikalische Bandbreite umfasst unter anderem Rockmusik in den verschiedensten Schattierungen, Punk, Hardcore, Folk und Jazz, sowie experimentelle und improvisierte Musik. Lokale Nachwuchsbands traten im Laufe der Jahre genauso auf wie renommierte Gruppen aus unterschiedlichsten Ländern. Einen Kultcharakter erlangten zudem die Nachtcafe-Sessions, an denen jeder und jede teilnehmen konnte.
Die Aufnahmen einiger Konzerte wurden später auf verschiedenen Tonträgern veröffentlicht. 1992 kam es daneben zur Veröffentlichung eines der Metzgerstraße gewidmeten Stücks des Avantgarde-Komponisten John Cage.
In den Anfangsjahren plante der Hanauer Magistrat das Haus nach einer Räumung abreißen zu lassen, um dort stattdessen fünf Parkplätze zu errichten. Die Kulturpolitik des Magistrates entlarvte sich dadurch in einer kaum zu übertreffenden symbolhaften Weise selbst. Das Vorhaben wurde jedoch nicht zuletzt in Folge einer Besetzung des Stadtparlamentes durch Unterstützerinnen des Kulturzentrums nicht weiter verfolgt.
Rund 25 Jahre nach der Besetzung wird das Haus weiterhin als Kulturzentrum genutzt. Im ansonsten auf Konsum und Kommerz ausgerichteten Stadtzentrum Hanaus ist es mit seinen vielfältigen Projekten kreativer wie auch subversiver Freiraum.
Wolfgang Sterneck, September 2011.
Autonomes Kulturzentrum Metzgerstraße:
- www.metzgerstrasse-hanau.org
- de-de.facebook.com/people/Metzgerstrasse-Acht-Hanau/10000...
- www.myspace.com/metzgerstrasse
Eine ausführliche Beschreibung der Geschichte des Kulturzentrums:
Freiräume entwickeln - Das besetzte autonome Kulturzentrum Metzgerstraße Hanau
- www.sterneck.net/squat/metzgerstrasse-d
English Info:
The squated Autonomous Culture Center Metzgerstrasse Hanau
- www.sterneck.net/squat/metzgerstrasse-e
Infos zum Benefiz-Projekt von John Cage und Sterneck / KomistA für das Kulturzentrum:
- * -
This triptych is my answer to the pushes by Bella Blue Star and Nikkonsnapper who in separate challenges pushed me in a similar way in the rolling challenge and round 15 of the Get Pushed group respectively.
"Bella" told me to photograph a stranger on the streets of Amsterdam. A mixture of street and portraiture. B&W or Colour.
"Nikon snapper" said: I had a brief look at your photostream and notice you have a G12. As this is an ideal street camera, I would like you to take a black and white candid street shot of a person (stranger). I don't want a long range shot, something nice and close.
I have also put one of my first attempts at this type of photography in my photostream with a bit more explanation of my quick development during my trip down town (Amsterdam). I chose the Dam square as it is never empty, not even on new year's day. The second reason to go here is the high concentration of people with cameras, so I would not stand out (easy option for candid shots).
After a while I found my method: just ask the people sitting around if I could photograph them. and everyone I asked was OK with that (from the type of 3-4m distance I was at). When I got home I noticed a possibility to do a theme: couples.
Nikkonsnapper, I hope it is close enough. I still think I need to get closer to the point that I can get a head shot in at 50mm lens distance. However I will need to do a lot more practice to get so comfortable in entering people's personal space and talking to total strangers. Not there yet...
On the technical side: all shots cropped (not just to square) I desaturated the middle shot except for the red.
All 2 pictures taken with the G12 at ISO 400-800 f/4 and around 1/40.
I sorted the 3 shots in order to show me getting closer
World Bank President, Jim Yong Kim answers questions during a press conference with Chile's President, Sebastian Pinera Echenique (right) and Chile's Minister of Finance, Felipe Larraín (left) at the La Moneda Presidential Palace in Santiago, Chile on July 4, 2013. Photo © Dominic Chavez/World Bank.
PLEASE LOOK IN FULL VIEW AND PLEASE READ THE DESCRIPTION TO ANSWER ANY OF YOUR POSSIBLE FAQ'S. Thank you
FINALLY the moment we've all been waiting for!!!
Remember this: [link] [link] [link] ? Well I finished her at 11:43 Am this morning.
This is a finally finished 9 month long project, I missed so many deadlines with through all of the problem that I have had with it. This is a super expensive custom built movie truck, the goblin truck form Steven King's 1986 "Maximum Overdrive" movie. In total this custom kit utilizes parts from 6 different truck and trailer kits. Our base kit is actually a Kenworth W900, that I heavily modified. Now I know a few of you truck gurus out there are going to give me hell about the goblin truck in the not being a Kenworth, well guess what, it is a Kenworth, so stick that in in your juice box and suck it. Anyway, I missed numerous deadlines by piddling around, but I guess that's what I get. This kit was originally suppose to be finished and uploaded by July 10th 2011, for the movie's 25th anniversary release date in theaters, but missed that, then I was suppose to have it done by August 7th, 2011 for the county fair, but then I missed that one, I was suppose to have it up by Sunday then Monday and I missed those deadlines as well; so here I present to you a month and a half overdue project. I hope you enjoy I went through hell and back to bring it to you.
Features of this model are:
*rolling wheels
*opening/closing doors
*detailed components
*opening hood
*detailed goblin mask
*working fifth wheel plate
*semi trailer
*privacy curtains for the sleeper cab
*dash fan
Here is all of what I did to this kit in a condensed version, I took Kenworth w900 kit and took the original sleeper cab of and replaced it with a smaller sleeper leftover from my previous Peterbilt project: [link] [link] and patched the triangular shaped hole in the roof with plastic card and body filler. Then shortened the frame about an inch and a half by sectioning out the frame into 3 different pieces then reassembling them back together again; (in reality if this truck were full size, that 1.5 of an inch in scale would take off about a 6-8 feet off of the overall length off of the full sized vehicle). I relocated the gas tanks so that they were under the cab and mounted the smoke stacks on the sleeper, I had to custom fabricate exhaust tips and the pipes from the stacks going to the engine out of scrap plastic tree. For some odd reason the fifth wheel plate that originally came with the truck wasn't good enough, so I ended up cutting the entire base to the plate off of the frame rails and then sanded the frame down, next I then took that spare that was leftover from the Peterbilt project and modified it and put it in place where the other one was at; it all worked out in the end. I ended up discarding many of the other non-necessary parts and used some interior components like the seats and other parts from a Dodge L700 Kit and left over parts form the Peterbilt project. T he bed is leftover from the Peterbilt, the privacy curtains for the sleeper cab are made from pieces of plastic bag and plastic tree, the fan on the dash is made from a piece of painted scrap plastic tree and the fan cage is made from clear scrap plastic tree panted to have fan blades with a cage around it. I cut the doors out, sanded down the edges, attached fine cabinet hinges to the doors and attached then tho the inside of the cab, I then fabricated door jams from plastic card for the doors so that they didn't swing in too far and so that there wasn't any unsightly gab between the roof pillars and the door. The dry van box trailer is from another Dodge L700 kit modified from a few parts off of another flat bed trailer kit and custom fabricated parts. The goblin mask is made from about 3 layers of 3/4 inch scrap styrene foam sheeting glued together with Elmer's carpenter glue, acrylic paint, body filler, primer and modeler's acrylic paint. The color of green to the goblin mask is made up of 4 custom mixed colors to give it it's look (unfortunately, I couldn't quite find the right shade of green). Put a lot of the stock components together and painted them all 1 color and then detail any specific components. The trailer was a bit of a trick, I had to sand off the ribs off of the sides of the trailer and temporarily hold the walls, roof together to the deck of the trailer with rubber bands until the plastic cement cured. I then painted the whole trailer, I paint the individual wood planking to the decks as well. I attached it to the hood and then paint on the red, the turn signals and many of the running lights to the trailer and hood came off of a Ford Louisville L7000 Snow Plow kit. I had to custom fabricate a new bumper from plastic card because the other one was too small and left a giant gap between the the mask and the front fenders. I had to custom make decals for the trailer and then glued them to the sides and back and I then clear coated them. After all of the major crap like body modifications, part fabrication, major parts assembly/ painting was over with I then painted painted anything else leftover and attached any other detailed parts, and well the rest is history.
In total the estimated cost of building this kit was about $268, if I were to build this kit again, it would cost me about $300 to $400.
There you go to my dearest fans who were waiting ever so patiently.
I will be later posting a Youtube link slide show video on who this was made for those who are interested, so stay tuned.
© 2011 By: Deorse (Steven Waller) For entertainment and educational use only.
Those that had answers to job interview questions found alternative employment.Many without answers faced a life on the dole.
The docks lie empty after thousands were made redundant in 2007.Twenty thousand men used to work in shipyards on the river tyne...but not now.
As unemployment levels reach 1930's levels,many are worried about losing their jobs. If you lost your job tomorrow...would you have answers for job interview questions?
Get prepared...take action today.
Some background:
The Rolls-Royce Griffon engine was designed in answer to Royal Navy specifications for an engine capable of generating good power at low altitudes. Concepts for adapting the Spitfire to take the new engine had begun as far back as October 1939; Joseph Smith felt that "The good big 'un will eventually beat the good little 'un." and Ernest Hives of Rolls-Royce thought that the Griffon would be "a second power string for the Spitfire". The first of the Griffon-engined Spitfires flew on 27 November 1941. Although the Griffon-powered Spitfires were never produced in the large numbers of the Merlin-engined variants they were an important part of the Spitfire family, and in their later versions kept the Spitfire at the forefront of piston-engined fighter development. The first Griffon-powered Spitfires suffered from poor high- altitude performance due to having only a single stage supercharged engine. By 1943, Rolls-Royce engineers had developed a new Griffon engine, the 61 series, with a two-stage supercharger. In the end it was a slightly modified engine, the 65 series, which was used in the Mk. XIV, the first Spitfire mark with a Griffon engine to enter service. The resulting aircraft provided a substantial performance increase over the Mk IX. Although initially based on the Mk VIII airframe, common improvements made in aircraft produced later included the cut-back fuselage and tear-drop canopies, and the E-Type wing with improved armament.
The Mk. XIV differed from its direct predecessor, the Mk XII, in that the longer, two-stage supercharged Griffon 65, producing 2,050 hp (1,528 kW), was mounted 10 inches (25.4 cm) further forward. The top section of the engine bulkhead was angled forward, creating a distinctive change of angle to the upper cowling's rear edge. A new five-bladed Rotol propeller of 10 ft 5 in (3.18 m) in diameter was used. The "fishtail" design of ejector exhaust stub gave way to ones of circular section. The increased cooling requirements of the Griffon engine meant that all radiators were much bigger, and the underwing housings were deeper than previous versions. The cowling fasteners were new, flush fitting "Amal" type and there were more of them. The oil tank (which had been moved from the lower cowling location of the Merlin engine variants to forward of the fuselage fuel tanks) was increased in capacity from 6 to 10 gal.
To help balance the new engine, the radio equipment was moved further back in the rear fuselage and the access hatch was moved from the left fuselage side to the right. Better VHF radio equipment allowed for the aerial mast to be removed and replaced by a "whip" aerial further aft on the fuselage spine. Because the longer nose and the increased slipstream of the big five-bladed propeller a new tail unit with a taller, broader fin and a rudder of increased area was adopted.
When the new fighter entered service with 610 Squadron in December 1943 it was a leap forward in the evolution of the Spitfire. The Mk. XIV could climb to 20,000 ft (6,100 m) in just over five minutes and its top speed, which was achieved at 25,400 ft (7,700 m), was 446 mph (718 km/h). In operational service many pilots initially found that the new fighter could be difficult to handle, particularly if they were used to earlier Spitfire marks. But in spite of the difficulties, pilots appreciated the performance increases.
F Mk. XIVs had a total of 109.5 gal of fuel consisting of 84 gal in two main tanks and a 12.5 imp gal fuel tank in each leading-edge wing tank; other 30, 45, 50 or 90 gal drop tanks could be carried. The fighter's maximum range was just a little over 460 miles (740 km) on internal fuel, since the new Griffon engine consumed much more fuel per hour than the original Merlin engine of earlier variants. By late 1944, Spitfire XIVs were fitted with an extra 33 gal in a rear fuselage fuel tank, extending the fighter's range to about 850 miles (1,370 km) on internal fuel and a 90 gal drop tank. Mk. XIVs with "tear-drop" canopies had 64 gal. As a result, F and FR Mk. XIVs had a range that was increased to over 610 miles (980 km), or 960 miles (1,540 km) with a 90 gal drop tank. The armament initially consisted of two 20 mm Hispano cannon and four light 0.303” machine guns (in a standard “C” wing configuration), but later builds had the latter replaced with a pair of heavier 0.5” machine guns that had better range and weight of fire (“E” wing configuration).
The first test of the aircraft was in intercepting V1 flying bombs and the Mk. XIV was the most successful of all Spitfire marks in this role. When 150 octane fuel was introduced in mid-1944 the "boost" of the Griffon engine was able to be increased to +25 lbs (80.7"), allowing the top speed to be increased by about 30 mph (26 kn; 48 km/h) to 400 mph (350 kn; 640 km/h) at 2,000 ft (610 m).
The Mk. XIV was used by the 2nd Tactical Air Force as their main high-altitude air superiority fighter in northern Europe with six squadrons operational by December 1944.
One problem which did arise in service was localized skin wrinkling on the wings and fuselage at load attachment points; although Supermarine advised that the Mk. XIVs had not been seriously weakened, nor were they on the point of failure, the RAF issued instructions in early 1945 that all F and FR Mk. XIVs were to be refitted with clipped wings. Spitfire XIVs began to arrive in the South-East Asian Theatre in June 1945, too late to operate against the Japanese. In total, 957 Mk. XIVs were built, over 430 of which were FR Mk. XIVs.
After the war, secondhand Mk. XIVs still in good shape were exported to a number of foreign air forces; 132 went to the Royal Belgian Air Force, 70 went to the Royal Indian Air Force and 30 of the reconnaissance version went to the Royal Thai Air Force. The Royal Iraqi Air Force (RIrAF) was another operator, even though only a small one.
In late 1946, five years after the Anglo-Iraqi War had left the RIrAF shattered, the Iraqis reached an agreement with the British under which they would return their surviving Avro Ansons in exchange for the authorization to order more modern and potent fighter aircraft from the UK, namely Supermarine Spitfires and Hawker Furies. The next year, three de Havilland Doves and three Bristol Freighters were ordered, too, and they arrived in early 1947 with a batch of ten refurbished ex-RAF Spitfire F Mk. XIVcs, some of them WWII survivors. All these machines received the original wing tips to better cope with the expected higher ambient temperatures in the Middle Eastern theatre of operations, reinforced aluminum skinning along the wing roots, and they were retrofitted with hardpoints under the wings and the fuselage to carry unguided missiles, bombs and drop tanks, what gave them an additional ground attack capability. The radio equipment was modernized, too, including a DF loop antenna as navigational aid. Despite these standardizations, though, the Spitfires were delivered with a mix of the different canopies.
The RIrAF was still recovering and re-structuring its assets when it joined in the war against the newly created state of Israel in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. The RIrAF only played a small role in the first war against Israel, though. A few Spitfire F Mk. XIVs as well as Avro Anson training bombers operated from Transjordan airfields from where they flew several attacks against the Israelis. After a series of indiscriminate attacks on Arab capitals, flown by three Boeing B-17s that had been pressed into service by the Israeli Air Force, the governments of Transjordan and Syria demanded that the Iraqis take more offensive action and replace their Ansons with Hawker Furies. However, only six Furies were sent to Damascus to join the Spitfires in the region, and they never encountered any Israeli aircraft during their deployment.
Despite some effective attacks on ground targets by the Spitfires, limited amount of cannon ammunition, RPGs and suitable bombs heavily limited the Iraqi operations. The fighters were mostly used for armed reconnaissance, and three Spitfires were upgraded to FR Mk. XIV standard for this purpose. In 1949 a second batch of eight more Spitfire F Mk. XIVs was delivered from Britain, and in 1951 the RIrAF purchased 20 more Fury F.Mk.1s, for a total of 50 F.Mk.1s single-seaters and 2 two-seaters. They soon replaced the Spitfires in frontline units, even though the machines were still kept in service.
In the early Fifties, thanks to increased income from oil and agricultural exports, the RIrAF was thoroughly re-equipped. In 1951, 15 each of de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunks, Percival Provosts and North American T-6s were bought to replace obsolete de Havilland Tiger Moth trainers. With these new aircraft the RIrAF Flying School was expanded into the Air Force College. The training curriculum was improved, and the number of students graduating each year was increased. This allowed to form a solid basis for the RIrAF's long-term growth. Also in 1951, the RIrAF bought its first helicopters: three Westland Dragonflies. The RIrAF's first jet fighter was the de Havilland Vampire: 12 FB.Mk.52 fighters and 10 T.Mk.55 trainers were delivered from 1953 to 1955, and they fully replaced the Spitfires. The Vampires were quickly supplemented by 20 de Havilland Venoms, delivered between 1954 and 1956.
Following the formation of the Baghdad Pact, the United States donated at least six Stinson L-5 Sentinels and seven Cessna O-1 Bird Dogs to the RIrAF. The RAF also vacated Shaibah Air Base, and the RIrAF took over it as Wahda Air Base. In 1957, six Hawker Hunter F.Mk.6s were delivered. The next year, the United States agreed to provide 36 F-86F Sabres free of charge.
However, following the 14 July Revolution of 1958, which resulted in the end of monarchy in Iraq, the influence of the Iraqi Communist Party grew significantly. The first commander of the Iraqi Air Force (the "Royal" prefix was dropped after the revolution), Jalal Jaffar al-Awqati, was an outspoken communist, and encouraged prime minister Abd al-Karim Qasim to improve relations between Iraq and the USSR. The Soviets reacted quickly, and in the autumn of 1958 a series of arms contracts was passed between Iraq and the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia. These stipulated the delivery of MiG-15UTI trainers, MiG-17F fighters, Ilyushin Il-28 bombers, and Antonov An-2 and An-12 transports. The first aircraft arrived in Iraq in January 1959; during the late Sixties and the early Seventies additional MiG-17s may have been purchased and then forwarded to either Syria or Egypt.
General characteristics
Crew: 1
Length: 32 ft 8 in (9.96 m)
Wingspan: 36 ft 10 in (11.23 m) with full span elliptical tips
Height: 10 ft 0 in (3.05 m)
Wing area: 242.1 sq ft (22.49 m²)
Airfoil: NACA 2213 (root), NACA 2209.4 (tip)
Empty weight: 6,578 lb (2,984 kg)
Gross weight: 7,923 lb (3,594 kg)
Max. takeoff weight: 8,400[53] lb (3,810 kg)
Powerplant:
1× Rolls-Royce Griffon 65 supercharged V12, 2,050 hp (1,530 kW) at 8,000 ft (2,438 m),
driving a 5-bladed Jablo-Rotol propeller
Performance:
Maximum speed: 441 mph (710 km/h, 383 kn) in FS supercharger gear at 29,500 ft.
391 mph in MS supercharger gear at 5,500 ft.
Combat range: 460 mi (740 km, 400 nmi)
Ferry range: 1,090 mi (1,760 km, 950 nmi)
Service ceiling: 43,500 ft (13,300 m)
Rate of climb: 5,040 ft/min (25.6 m/s) in MS supercharger gear at 2,100 ft.
3,550 ft/min in FS supercharger gear at 22,100 ft.
Time to altitude: 7 mins to 22,000 ft (at max weight)
Wing loading: 32.72 lb/sq ft (159.8 kg/m²)
Power/mass: 0.24
Armament:
2× 20 mm (0.787-in) Hispano Mk II cannon, 120 rpg
4× 0.303 in (7.7 mm) Browning machine guns, 350 rpg,
Underwing hard points for 8× 60 lb (27 kg) rockets, 2 x 250 lb (113 kg) bombs or slipper tanks,
1× ventral hardpoint for a 500 lb (227 kg) bomb or a drop tank
The kit and its assembly:
This was a rather spontaneous interim build. The Academy Spitfire was left over from a D-Day combo that contained a Hawker Typhoon, too, and I lacked an idea for the Spitfire for a long time) since I am not a big fan of the aircraft, at least what-if-inspiration-wise). However, when pondering about a potential operator from the very early pos-war period I remembered the Royal Iraqi Air Force and its later Hawker Hunters which retained their NATO-style camouflage (RAF green/grey) despite being primarily operated in a desert environment. This, on a Spitfire…?
From this idea the Academy Spitfire was built almost OOB. Because the kit offers them as an option and for the cool look, I gave the Spitfire four RPGs under each outer wing. The ventral drop tank was taken from a Special Hobby late Spitfire kit. The only other additions are the antenna mast and the non-standard DF loop antenna behind the cockpit, created from thin wire and mounted on a small, streamlined socket.
Painting and markings:
The upper surfaces were painted in standard RAF WWII colors, Dark Green and Ocean Grey, using a mix of Humbrol 163 and 30 for a slightly more bluish WWII-style green and a mix of 106 and 145 for a lightened grey tone, respectively. As an individual contrast and paint scheme variation the undersides and the spinner were painted in RAF Azure Blue (Humbrol 157, lightened up with 47), more appropriate than the standard WWII Medium Sea Grey from the European theatre of operations. The cockpit interior became RAF cockpit green (Humbro,78) while the inside surfaces of the landing gear were painted in Medium Sea Grey (Humbrol 165), reflecting the original undersides’ tone in former RAF service.
Other markings were minimal. The Iraqi triangles were taken from a Balkan Models Su-25 sheet, because their green was rather pale, for more contrast to the surrounding camouflage. RIrAF fin flash was taken from a PM Model Hawker Fury two-seater (a.k.a. “Bagdad Fury”). The tactical code came from an Airfix Hawker Hunter (from an optional Kuwaiti machine). This looked O.K. but somewhat bleak, so I added more markings. I could not find any evidence for special ID markings on Iraqi aircraft during the Arab-Israel war, but to add an eye-catcher I gave the aircraft white ID bands on the wings and on the fuselage – inspired by markings carried by Egyptian aircraft (e. g. Spitfires) during the conflict, but somewhat simplified, without black trim. They were created from generic white decal sheet material.
After some soot stains around the gun ports and the exhausts, the model was sealed with matt acrylic varnish.
A relatively simple project and just a fictional livery - but the Iraqi Spitfire looks pretty cool, especially the ID stripes add a special touch. The European RAF scheme looks a bit off on an aircraft that would be delivered to the Middel East, but the Iraqi Air Force operated British types like the Hunter in this guise, and later Su-22 fighter bombers carried a similarly murky camouflage in very dark green and earth brown.
Digital Learning Network host Valerie Casasanto and Kenji Williams answer students questions during a special broadcast to NASA’s Digital Learning Network in celebration of Earth Day, 2010.
Credit: NASA GSFC
Program Information: Help NASA Digital Learning Network celebrate Earth Day and join musician/artist Kenji Williams for a special performance of "Bella Gaia" (Beautiful Earth) on Monday, April 19, at 1:00 PM Eastern. "Bella Gaia" is a "living atlas" multimedia journey of our planet and combines stunning perspectives of Earth from space with Williams' original and eclectic score. NASA cryospheric scientist Christopher Shuman joins Williams on Earth Day to give a first-hand look at a changing Antarctica. Shuman will discuss what it is like to work in such a difficult and rewarding place as Antarctica and show how the glacial poles affect our entire Earth and climate system. Viewers will have the opportunity to ask Williams and Shuman questions during the event.
Love is the answer
to so many questions
it has the power
to make a heart soar
or break it in an instant
it comes in many forms
and levels of intensity
we wish for it
we work at it
we worry about it
at times we curse it
we love with all we are
even when it may be difficult
to love ourselves
we love a friend
nurture a child
adore a spouse
worship our God
not all love is true
often not returned
but as they say
it is better to have loved
for we are far
better a person
to be one who
has loved
and more importantly
allowed to BE loved.
This morning I received a questionnaire to complete, it was about leaflets received between Sept. 21st and Oct. 2nd, I'll be paid for it and I can't wait to receive something else!
Oct. 3rd, 2007
(33/365)
Mailed from Lindale, Texas to Miss Bessie Davis of Hinton, Oklahoma on June 24, 1949:
Dear Bessie - got your card some dates back out here feel so bad I just didn't feel like answering it please excuse me this time. Well the berries all gathered and am I glad. Hope you are better by now friends visited me yesterday - brought me fruit and flowers. Well be good and send me a card - Love, Mr. Hand
RPPC
DOPS
CAPA-012215
No idea why it became this
Forgot how i took this film while i was there
Surprised! and It is Lomo spirit..isn't it?
I remembered it's 4 or 5 pm, 2 trees.. far and close each. i was walking around in the alley to kill time
The Answer to Life, the Universe, and Everything
The Ultimate AnswerThe Answer to Life, the Universe, and Everything is a concept taken from Douglas Adams' science fiction series The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. In the story, the answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything is sought from the supercomputer Deep Thought. The answer given by Deep Thought leads the protagonists on a quest to discover the question which provides this answer.
Spoiler warning: Plot or ending details follow.
Story lines
According to the Hitchhiker's Guide, researchers taking the form of mice, which are actually 3-dimensional profiles of a pan-dimensional, hyper-intelligent race of beings, construct Deep Thought, the second greatest computer of all time and space, to calculate the answer to the Ultimate Question. After seven and a half million years of pondering the question, Deep Thought provides the answer: "forty-two".
"Forty-two!" yelled Loonquawl. "Is that all you've got to show for seven and a half million years' work?"
"I checked it very thoroughly," said the computer, "and that quite definitely is the answer. I think the problem, to be quite honest with you, is that you've never actually known what the question is."
Deep Thought informs the researchers that it will design a second and greater computer, incorporating living beings as part of its computational matrix, to tell them what the question is. That computer was called Earth and was so big that it was often mistaken for a planet. The question was lost five minutes before it was due to be produced, due to the Vogons' demolition of the Earth, supposedly to build a hyperspace bypass. (Later in the series, it is revealed that the Vogons had been hired to destroy the Earth by a consortium of philosophers and psychiatrists who feared for the loss of their jobs when the meaning of life became common knowledge.) Lacking a real question, the mice proposed to use "How many roads must a man walk down?" (the first line of Bob Dylan's famous civil rights song Blowin' In The Wind) as the question for talk shows, after considering and rejecting the question, "What's yellow and dangerous?"—actually a riddle whose answer, not given by Adams, is "Shark-infested custard". However, this may also refer to the Vogon Constructor Fleet that demolished Earth, in that they were yellow and most certainly dangerous.
In one of the books, Marvin mentions that he can read the Question in Arthur's brainwaves. This does nothing to cheer him up.
At the end of the first radio series, the television series, and the book The Restaurant at the End of the Universe (the second book of the five-book 'trilogy'), Arthur Dent (as the last human to have left the Earth before its destruction, and therefore the portion of the computer matrix most likely to hold the question) attempts to discover the Question by extracting it from his unconscious mind, through pulling Scrabble letters at random out of a sack. The result is the sentence "WHAT DO YOU GET IF YOU MULTIPLY SIX BY NINE".
"Six by nine. Forty-two."
"That's it. That's all there is."
Since 6 × 9 = 54, this being the question would imply that the universe is bizarre and irrational; on the other hand, there is no proof that this was the actual question. After all, Arthur Dent composed only a minuscule fragment of the vast and complex computer matrix that was the Earth, and besides, it was stated that the computer's run had not finished when it was destroyed. In addition, Arthur and Ford realized that the original ape-like inhabitants of Earth were displaced by the Golgafrinchams, which could account for the irrational nature of the question in Arthur's mind (as he himself is a descendant of the Golgafrinchans). On discovering the question in the original radio series, Arthur Dent remarks: "I always said there was something fundamentally wrong with the universe."
Another thought as to the false equation in the Hitchhiker's Guide was that the program (Earth) would have run correctly if not for the crash landing of the Golgafrinchams. This race introduced error into the program and thus turned what would have been the equation 7 times 6 = 42 into 9 times 6 = 42.
It is also possible, given Adams' often bleak view of technology, that the 6 × 9 = 42 answer is meant to indicate that the Earth project was a flawed design to begin with, one that was always going to produce the wrong answer even if the program had been run successfully.
It was later pointed out that 6 × 9 = 42 if the calculations are performed in base 13, not base 10. Douglas Adams was not aware of this at the time, and has since been quoted as saying that "nobody writes jokes in base 13." and also "I may be a pretty sad person, but I don't make jokes in base 13."
Alternately, some have suggested that the question may be, "Pick a number, any number." Although this is not exactly a question, Marvin the Paranoid Android asks Zem the mattress in Life, the Universe, and Everything to pick any number.
"I gave a speech once," he said suddenly and apparently unconnectedly. "You may not instantly see why I bring the subject up, but that is because my mind works so phenomenally fast, and I am at a rough estimate thirty billion times more intelligent than you. Let me give you an example. Think of a number, any number."
"Er, five," said the mattress.
"Wrong," said Marvin. "You see?"
Since he often complains that his brain is "the size of a planet," it is somewhat feasible that he could have discovered what Earth was supposed to find out. Also, Eddie the shipboard computer in one part of the books mentions, "Pick a number, guys!" when Arthur wonders aloud what the Question is, but is ignored by the human inhabitants of the Heart of Gold.
At the end of Life, the Universe and Everything, the third book in the series, Arthur encounters a man named Prak, who through a significant overdose of a remarkably effective truth serum has gained the knowledge of all truth. Prak confirms that 42 is indeed the answer to the ultimate question of life, the universe and everything, but reveals that it is impossible for both the ultimate answer and the ultimate question to be known about the same universe. He states that if such a thing should come to pass, the universe would disappear and be replaced by something even more bizarrely inexplicable. He then speculates that this may have already happened.
Later, in So Long, and Thanks For All the Fish, the fourth book in the series, Arthur wonders if the ultimate answer might be the sudden startling revelation which Fenchurch had shortly before the demolition of the Earth. This theory turns out to be false; Fenchurch instead discovered God's Final Message to His Creation, the location of which was revealed to Arthur by Prak at the end of the previous book.
It should be noted that 'The Restaurant at the End of the Universe opens with the lines: "There is a theory which states that if ever anyone discovers exactly what the Universe is for and why it is here, it will instantly disappear and be replaced by something even more bizarre and inexplicable. There is another theory which states that this has already happened." The book then repeats part of the "prologue" of the first book: "...a girl sitting on her own in a small café in Rickmansworth suddenly realised what it was that had been going wrong all this time, and she finally knew how the world could be made a good and happy place. This time it was right, it would work, and no one would have to get nailed to anything." At that point the story takes off. It is not unreasonable to assume that the universe before then had been 'normal' and that Arthur's life and everything that happened after that point was a direct result of the answer and question both being known (which would, of course, make the answer and question useless as the universe itself had changed).
Douglas Adams' view
On November 2, 1993 Douglas Adams gave an answer (http://groups-beta.google.com/group/alt.fan.douglas-adams/msg/d1064f7b27808692?dmode=source&hl=en) on alt.fan.douglas-adams:
The answer to this is very simple. It was a joke. It had to be a number, an ordinary, smallish number, and I chose that one. Binary representations, base thirteen, Tibetan monks are all complete nonsense. I sat at my desk, stared into the garden and thought '42 will do'. I typed it out. End of story.
Miscellany
The true reason 42 was used in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (as revealed in "The Salmon of Doubt") is that Douglas Adams thought it was the funniest two-digit number.
According to the production notes of the DVD for The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy 1981 TV series, the scenes with Deep Thought were shot during week 42 of the BBC's calendar.
Google has a calculator function in its search engine, which knows the supposed answer to life the universe and everything (http://www.google.com/search?q=answer+to+life+the+universe+and+everything+=).
MSN Search also calculates this query correctly in a similar fashion (http://beta.search.msn.com/results.aspx?q=the%20answer%20to%20life%20the%20universe%20and%20everything).
Computer programmers' joke
There is a joke amongst computer programmers that Deep Thought may have had some order of operations issues. The following code in the C programming language defines the macros SIX as "1 + 5" and NINE as "8 + 1", and then performs the computation "SIX * NINE". It returns the answer "42", because "SIX * NINE" is expanded by the computer to "1 + 5 * 8 + 1", and the multiplication takes precedence over the additions. (This occurs because the macro expansion is textual, not logical.)
#include
#define SIX 1 + 5
#define NINE 8 + 1
int main(void)
{
printf( "What do you get if you multiply %d by %d: %d\n", SIX, NINE, SIX * NINE );
return 0;
}
Falsely assuming that the answer is indeed correct, that means that the meaning of life, the universe and everything would be 42.
フィールドスタッフ：菅原氏
ロッド：プレジールアンサーPA99ディスタンスクラッカー
ライン：UNITIKA ショアゲームPE１.2
リーダー：UNITIKAシルバースレッド ショックリーダー30lb
リール：Daiwa セルテート 3000
ルアー：タックルハウスTKLM120
ターゲット：ヒラスズキ
What is love?
You are free to:
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
for any purpose, even commercially.
You must give appropriate credit and provide a link to the www.personalcreations.com home page.
These pages are a lesson on a small portion of the computer/web. LEARN to use ctrl+alt+print screen and get a snap shot or web page grabber program. Open Paint or any graphics program, create new file and paste from clip board and save as a png or jpg file. Now you have a copy of web page that can not be altered !!!
In office when you copy a web page the links are copied too. ctrl a selects all, ctrl c copies, paste into .doc file and the links remain viable. ctrl+ r click will open link if it's still alive.
Now let me show you how I stripped 4 laptops and 2 desktops of the info my 20yr recovering alcoholic - Wh0re M0nger had collected.
フィールドスタッフ：菅原氏
ロッド：プレジールアンサーPA99ディスタンスクラッカー
ライン：UNITIKA ショアゲームPE１.2
リーダー：UNITIKAシルバースレッド ショックリーダー30lb
リール：Daiwa セルテート 3000
ルアー：タックルハウスTKLM120
ターゲット：ヒラスズキ
みーとぅー、やってみたよ。
色味しっぶいな。
Simply type your answer to each of the questions below into Flickr search.
Then, using only the first page, pick an image.
Then, copy and paste each of the URLs for the images into this mosaic maker:
www.bighugelabs.com/flickr/mosaic.php
1. What is your first name? Tomo
2. What is your favorite food? curry
3. What high school did you go to? musashi
4. What is your favorite color? green
5. Who is your celebrity crush? 椎名林檎
6. Favorite drink? tea
7. Dream vacation? nowhere
8. Favorite dessert? ビスコ
9. What you want to be when you grow up? paleontologist
10. What do you love most in life? cat
11. One Word to describe you. optimist
12. Your flickr name. tomoto,
1. Tomo-05-03, 2. Mom's Pineapple Prawns Curry, 3. Musashi, 4. Green coat - canon eos 550d, 5. 我要推這張-椎名林檎 - 私と放電, 6. tea time, 7. Nowhere man., 8. 昭和45年ごろのビスコ, 9. Junior Paleontologists 2009, 10. Cat / Animals / Kitten / Photography, 11. optimist , 12. tomoto, group gift
アングラー：菅原恵子氏
ロッド：プレジールアンサーPA99
リール：セルテート3000
ライン：UNITIKA Shore Game PE1.2号
リーダー：UNITIKA Shock Leader 30lb
ルアー：タックルハウスTKLM120
ターゲット：ヒラスズキ
A protester answers questions from the media as maids and rights activists protest over allegations of an Indonesian maid being abused in Hong Kong on January 16, 2014. The alleged maltreatment of Erwiana Sulistyaningsih by her employer over the course of eight months renewed concerns over abuse of foreign domestic helpers in the southern Chinese city. AFP PHOTO / Philippe Lopez
YAVORIV, Ukraine -- Ukrainian Army Maj. Gen. Vyacheslav Nazarkin, the Exercise Director for Rapid Trident 2013, speaks to Ukrainian reporters July 8, after the opening ceremony here. Rapid Trident 2013 is a U.S. Army Europe-led, multinational field training and command post exercise occurring at the International Peacekeeping and Security Center in Yavoriv, Ukraine July 8-19 that involves approximately 1,300 troops from 17 nations. The exercise is designed to enhance interoperability between forces and promote regional stability and security. (Photo by Romanian Army Capt. Claudiu Gherman)
Recruits of Charlie Company, 1st Recruit Training Battalion, answer a question during the initial written test Aug. 15, 2016, on Parris Island, S.C. The test randomizes 100 questions on subjects varying from core values to Marine Corps history. Charlie Company is scheduled to graduate Oct. 7, 2016. Parris Island has been the site of Marine Corps recruit training since Nov. 1, 1915. Today, approximately 19,000 recruits come to Parris Island annually for the chance to become United States Marines by enduring 12 weeks of rigorous, transformative training. Parris Island is home to entry-level enlisted training for approximately 49 percent of male recruits and 100 percent of female recruits in the Marine Corps. (Photo by Lance Cpl. Carlin Warren)
How many years must a mountain exist?
Before it is washed to the sea?
How many years can some people exist
Before they're allowed to be free?
How many times can a man turn his head?
and pretend that he just doesn't see?
The answer, my friend, is blowing in the wind
The answer is blowing in the wind.
And i can smell it with my golden nose!!!!
＜TACKLE＞
ROD: PLAISIR ANSWER PA-B80 SOPMOD / zenaq
REEL: SALTIGA BJ 200SHL / daiwa
LINE: Avani CastingPE SMP#5号 / VARIVAS
SHOCK LEADER: VEP Shock leader50lb / VARIVAS LINKING PARTS: Cross Lock SNAP70lb / YARIE
LURE: SUPER STRETCH 1-/Mann‘s Bait Company
HOOK: 7554#2/ VMC
Designed by Edward John Woods, SA Architect in Chief from 1878 to 1886, the construction of Z Ward for Criminal and Refractory Patients commenced in September 1884 with the contract being let to William Pett & Son, builders. Work proceeded smoothly, completion being achieved in the second half of 1885. The polychromatic brickwork technique used by Wood in its design is the most elaborate, sophisticated example of this architectural style in South Australia Additionally, Wood incorporated ventilation flues into each room and cell as he had done in designing Old Parliament House, the Mortlock Library and Martindale Hall. Fresh air being considered an important element in curing mental illness.
Lack of staffing and financial resources prevented the new facility for 45 inmates from being opened until 1888, three years after its completion.
Only a minority of patients who were accommodated in Z Ward were Governor’s pleasure patients: those acquitted of their crime on the grounds of their insanity. The majority were people charged and convicted of a minor offence, but exhibiting sufficient signs of psychiatric instability that it was thought more beneficial for them to be placed in an asylum rather than in a gaol to serve their sentence. Another small group of patients were those who were considered to be dangerous to themselves or to others and were placed in there for the protection of the Asylum’s other inmates.
To admit a new inmate, a bell was rung to the right of the front gates. The male attendant in charge would leave his office to the right of the secure entrance way, open the gates, bring the escorted person into this area after locking the gates and the front door. He would then return to his office, locking the door behind him and summon an attendant from inside the ward who would open the internal steel gate with a key that only opened that gate. In this way the new inmate would learn that grabbing an attendant’s keys would not allow passage to the outside gate. Governor’s pleasure inmates were placed at night in the cells to the right on the ground floor with this area closed off by a cyclone screen from the rest of the inmates. The dining area was immediately in front and adjacent to the stairs.
Originally known as “L Ward”, the name was changed to Z Ward following the installation of telephones throughout the hospital in the 1900s. Mishearing the name when the telephone was answered led callers to mistake the ”L” for “Hell”. Adding a line to the “L” to form a “Z” saved in the cost of remarking the ward’s laundry.
Z Ward closed on the 13th December 1973 with the 10 occupants being transferred to the Yatala Security Hospital, only for that facility in turn to be closed in 1988-89 and replaced by James Nash House.