Relator photos on Flickr

A Follow-up to the 'Window on the Past'; Brightside & Meadowhall mosaic, AW1980s by Dr. Anthony Oates

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* 'Brightside, Fista & the S.D.R.'

This is a follow up to the 5-part mosaic piece relating to Adrian Wynn's pictures taken at Brightside & Meadowhall taken in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the 13th set, see-

www.flickr.com/photos/vinc2020/53792843386/

This 'follow-up' could almost be a 'Window on the Past' piece in its own right as there is much interest in the 3 main pictures, all taken at around the same time in the late 80s/early 90s, before all the old industrial infrastructure was swept away. Have to say, having got to the 13th set in the 'Window on the Past' series and, in light of the present offering, that it now seems clear to me that Adrian _collected_ a lot of media concerned with, what he termed on one of his folders, 'Trains, Tracks & Stations'. In contrast to that, his captured media, on film from various types of camera since the 1970s and digital from around 2000, to the end of his life in 2019, were primarily, in a very broad sense, 'Landscape' in nature with, where applicable, some 'rail interest' happening in the shot where appropriate. This came as a bit of a surprise although looking to the many times we spent out and about together on the many walks we had, it was I who concentrated on the 'Rail aspect' whilst he 'wondered off' and 'did his own thing'. In retrospect, looking back, a lot of that in the 10 years we were acquainted, had to do with his push to produce a better format for the presentation of his work on Flickr which at one time a 'golden repository' of his pictures over several decades and which unfortunately, in around 2018 without much warning, he deleted the lot, apart from a single token, a picture of a 'Hare' as it turned out, see-

www.flickr.com/photos/adrianwynn/19414719425/

there are, humorous, comments from myself and Berris Connolly with, towards the bottom, about another year later, he states this-

'Hi Berris, thanks for the encouragement. I still haven't found the structure/time/whatever to organise my material in the way I would like, though I've made a start. However, I'll start uploading a few 'travel pics' over the coming days.

Adrian...'

At that time, he had just got back from a 6 week visit to Australia, and this is almost the 1st thing he did. I have since wished I had got to him sooner and suggested the obvious thing to do would have been to use the Flickr Download Account' option, to receive a local copy of all the shots posted; this for posterity, it would still have been a useful archive with which to have access. That didn't happen, I don't think, I searched his material last year when I started doing all this but could find no obvious, 'Adrian's Old Flickr Archive' on either of the 2 computers on which he did his work...

The pictures shown here are related to the immediate area where the Sheffield District Railway, S.D.R., joined the Midland Main line at Brightside Junction and the identifying Google Earth View, from 2002, and the OS Map from the early 1950s, both show the formation, though by 2002, all the track had been lifted. The area around the Shepcote Lane end of the S.D.R., near Tinsley Road Station, shown on the map at far right, was re-signalled in 1992, as part of the changes due to Meadowhall opening, one supposes, but the track was left in place and so was the connection to the Midland Main Line. However (this information with thanks to Chris Booth) the lines were never used again and in addition, single-man operation of freight trains, i.e. without a Brake Van, was agreed to by the unions in 1985 and as no trains ran on this line after 1992 this means that the brake vans which can be seen on the lines in the upper picture here from the 'WotP' mosaic, 'Brightside & Meadowhall'-

www.flickr.com/photos/vinc2020/53792843386/

must have been there between 1985 and 1992, probably more like the late 80s/late 90s... these picture shown here show the scene around that time with the connection still in place but no traffic in sight at upper right, the S.D.R; the area does however look to have been re-signalled!

* At upper left. The view looks along the main line, northwards, towards Brightside Station with its green, and still extant, footbridge across the 4 lines. The pictures, there are 3 in all, were taken from the easily accessible space between the junction and the now converted signal 'cabin', from what was said above about the resignalling in 1992, I guess this dates these two shots to probably around 1995, the building having been well 'worn in' and then 'fully graffiti'd' by non other than the well known 'Fista'. By this stage the 4th line behind the station on this side had been removed and is now a B.R. access road. The privatisation of British Railways happened in this period but I am not sure it had occured by the date of these photographs, rail privatisation occuring in 1994, when the disastrous 'Railtrack Ltd', took over responsibility for track, signalling, tunnels, bridges, level crossings and all but a handful of the stations owned by B.R. At far left, at this side of the footbridge, there is no sigh of the large, bright yellow, Oxygen pipe which ran alongside the tracks here, carrying O2 to the various industrial concerns which required a supply. As mentioned above, after the signalbox was converted to a relay room, the brickwork became the target of 1990's graffiti artist 'Fista' (also 'BloodAxe'), Simon Sunderland, and there are plenty of shots of these about, Adrian took some of them during this time, and these are 2 of the 3, 55x55mm colour shots, he took at this location. The local newspaper, 'The Star' was one of many who published details about his work and the antics he used to get up too in the 1990s, see-

www.thestar.co.uk/news/can-you-remember-sheffield-graffit...

and a blog here-

strictlylondonbound.blogspot.com/2012/02/fisto-fista.html

with him spending one period, 5 years, in jail in 1996, but which was commuted after 1 year and he was released...

A more broader view about all this can be seen here, related to the Sheffield area-

www.youtube.com/watch?v=EmSq0xGQ1Gw

* At upper right. Its a pity that Adrian didn't give some thought to a panorama of these two pictures, but instead moved position to the right to take a shot along the S.D.R. towards Tinsley in the distance; hence the two upper shots not being readily amenable to a panorama conversion. No matter, they are great pieces of work, the third of them, not included here, is a wide-angle shot taken above the south-west side of Colliery Road, with the Midland Line bridge span over the road at left, the relay cabin at centre on the opposite side of the road, and the S.D.R. bridge span on the right; no railway tracks being visible from this very close-up shot. The Colliery Road bridge spans were labelled by B.R. '16/24' with distance marker '162M 25CH' above the bridge number, the latter indicating its distance from London, the bridge number means Line 16, bridge 24 in their index; the markers are still plain to see if walk is taken along the, dark, Colliery Road! In many ways this is a more interesting picture as the S.D.R. line no longer exists and most of its embankment from Brightside Junction, curving east towards Attercliffe in the Carbrook area and on to Tinsley Yard, has now been removed with only the section shown here at Brightside Junction and as far round only as far as the old Vulcan Road area into Meadowhall; the Google Earth view from 2002, at centre right, showing this section quite well. The massive Brightside Bridge, 'BTJ-23', now in modern Network Rail style, is still present and would be a massive structure to remove when there is no obvious reason to do so. This picture was a puzzle for a short while as I could not identify the prominent blue pyramid topped towers in the background at far right, in the original, unprocessed picture, these were quite indistinct but looking back it was now obvious what they were, two of the 5 towers at the Meadowhall Shopping area built with red-brick and pyramid shaped copper canopy tops; they are clear to see on any Google Earth view. I guess these must be the closest pair to the S.D.R. and the telephoto shot taken by Adrian, makes them both appear as if they are right next to the large Brightside Bridge, 'BTJ-23' mentioned above, the bridge passing over MeadowHall Road and shown in the map at bottom. This bridge continues onto a Viaduct section which can be seen just a little further along the curve, fore-shortened again by the camera lens, this time the lines pass over the River Don, which curves around from the south-east at this point and takes a north-east direction, running alongside Meadowhall Road and passing Meadowhall on that side. Unseen in this picture, but clearly visible just below is a small over-bridge which Adrian called the 'Jess Bridge', the S.D.R. lines passing over just a single line connection below. The view also shows what I now take to be the new signalling, put in place in 1992, all signals operating, the one in this shot with a 'theatre' type indicator atop, and subsidiary signal below the main aspect. There's a new relay box on the opposite side of the line and the formation here looks rather curved, again an artifact of the tele-shot which he took, the curve not nearly so prevalent in the GE view below. From the state of the rail-head in this shot, it does not look as if any traction has been along here in quite awhile and this would suggest once more that this is post-resignalling in 1992 and well into the 1990s, around '94/95 maybe; as mentioned above, after resignalling, the lines were never used again!!

There is not much more to say about these two shots, not indeed the third only, I guess, I wish Adrian had come back here regularly and photographed this changing scene.. in fact some visits in the years leading up to all this would have also been very good to see..

* At lower right. This one proved, yet again, to be a bit of a poser though have to admit, there is an obvious clue in the short filename. There are other clues as well, the notorious O2 pipeline features in this B/W 55x55mm negative, there's the bridge number, '5/RC/20', though that proved to be more tricky to pin down, the single line track, clearly an industrial connection and, finally, the excavator parked up with the word 'CASE' clearly shown on the front, above the hopper. I am not sure this shot was taken on the same day as the other 2(3), as they were colour negs and this one is clearly B/W and, more to the point, the O2 pipeline was removed from this area in the early 1990s, so I deem this shot to be probably late 1980s, 5 or 6 years before the other 3. An 'arrowed', annotated description, for this on the OS map at lower left. There is now a footpath access from Weedon Street, into Meadowhall, where this bridge used to be, the embankment from this location having been completely removed. In the event a close inspection of OS maps around the 1950s, as shown to the left and the presence of just a single line across a road... ? indicated an industrial location... but where.. 'Jess' of course could be Jessop Saville but, in the end it was the old B.R. bridge number that cinched it... Although the bridge no longer exist, this shot, fortuitously, shows the bridge number, '5/RC/20' and it only took a little research to find that these records are still available at the Railway Data Centre-

www.railwaydata.co.uk/

which listed all the bridges from Brightside Junction to Treeton Junction, on the S.D.R. line! Although all the 'features' along this line from Brightside Junction to Treeton Junction, east of Tinsley Yard, are listed on the Bridge Data page, many of the 'features' now do not exist as the S.D.R. trackbed was long ago lifted and the embankment removed, long ago. The 2 main 'features' which still exist in this area are BTJ-24, the Colliery Road bridge sections under the Midland Main Line and the now defunct S.D.R line, seen in these pictures. The other is BTJ-23, the massive Brightside Viaduct over Meadowhall Road and the River Don, the trackbed continuing for about 150m before making way for the 'Five Weirs Walk' pathway, and then, until recently, around 2020, for a further 500m, before being flattened to make way for new build businesses... Ikea now dominated the scene at the other side of Attercliffe Road although the keen-eyed will spot the blue-brick S.D.R. bridge abutment right next to the footpath next to the large Ikea carpark on the north-east corner...Beyond Ikea heading towards Tinsley Yard, several 'features' do remain, of which the 2 main ones are the Wood Lane Bridge over the tracks at Tinsley Yard, now home to the N&W Container Terminal and the London Spoil, 'Mud Pad'. Beyond that, and through the Yard under the massive 'Sheffield Parkway', A630, dual carriageway, and towards Catcliffe is another massive structure, the 'Catcliffe Viaduct' over the River Rother before the S.D.R. line splits to head to Treeton North and South Junctions on the 'Old Road, both of the Junctions having been removed, the former in the last few years and the latter, in the early 2000s... To the bridge in this final picture at lower right, 'Jess Bridge', the bridge number, '5/RC/20' isn't all that much help as it's not in the list, nearest I can see to the large Viaduct, BTJ-23, is BTJ-15, an 'intersection bridge', interesting to note that there's a '5' in both numbers, but that's about all, indicating the line _number_ maybe. What I can say is that the canal bridge at Carbrook on the Broughton Lane connection to Tinsley Yard where the S.D.R. line and this line meet, is '5/RG/2', so has the same 1st digit, '5', and that line _is_ in the line profile as BLJ-2; there is no such entry in the BTJ, Brightside to Treeton, listing for a bridge 20, and that would have been the most likely reference to this bridge in the picture as it has '/20' at the end of the number... The next one listed in the sequence from the one missing for this one, is BTJ-15, an intersection bridge, which it seems to me would have been the bridge over Vulcan Road, another 250m towards the east.. Think that concludes this section on the bridges.. next, the excavator. Well, more luck with that, as I contacted 'CASE'(UK) who agreed to help if I sent them the picture, here's the interaction!-

-----

Jan

Hi, that is very good of you to reply, thanks for the offer to this odd

question, it must have appeared!!.. picture attached.. I have enhanced it in

places to try and identify features.. you will notice this applies to the word

'CASE' on the vehicle..

Best wishes

---------------------

Dear Anthony Oates ,

Thank you for contacting Case Customer Assistance.

Please find the information you requested below:

It is thought to be a CASE 850B model of 1980 era, produced in

Burlington plant. Range was produced 1976 to 1981.

Jan.

CASE Customer Assistance Team

---------------------------

Jan

That's fantastic. I now know the location, it was at the old

Jessop Saville building on Brightside Lane in Sheffield and was

photographed in the early 80s, so matches your dates. The area

was subsequently, early 1990s, developed into the massive Meadowhall

Shopping Complex, next the the M1 Viaduct at Tinsley, see-

www.meadowhall.co.uk/

Its good to have the exact details about the excavator...

Best Wishes

----------------------------

The O2 pipe is prominent in silhouette above 'Jess', the access way between 2 large areas of the 'Jessop Saville Works' which dominated the site here, see it in its latter days here-

www.flickr.com/photos/bconolly/47992359707/

and here-

www.flickr.com/photos/bconolly/33814449585/

the 'Jess' bridge wall and its parapet can be seen on the right-hand side! in this shot, taken by Berris Connolly in 1988.

The O2 pipe was removed from this area during the early 1990s and only a section of it, capped off, remains now on the embankment next to the Brightside Viaduct Bridge, BTJ-23, on Meadowhall Road.

So it all ties in with Adrian's wanderings in the 1980s, probably the late 80s, before all this infrastructure was removed to make way for the vast Meadowhall Shopping area... there is no doubt an awful lot was gained from all this development, but also, an awful lot of the recent past was simply eradicated to make way for the new order, precipitated by Thatcher's government during that period and .. it also has to be said, its Independence DAy today, the 4th July 2024, and it is hoped we will see that 'order', in many ways brought to 'heel' once more, the country deserves it.. and so do we... !

relating to the mother almighty nature by michael Frank

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mohican state park

The Problems Relating to the Management & Excavations of the Archaeological Ruins of Herculaneum / Pompeii as Reported in Foreign Press (1904-2002). [Prof. Amedeo Maiuri] "Naples preserved Most of its Art." The N. Y. Times, Oct. 7, 1943. p. 5 [1/2]. by Martin Conde

The Problems Relating to the Management & Excavations of the Archaeological Ruins of Herculaneum / Pompeii as Reported in Foreign Press (1904-2002). [Prof. Amedeo Maiuri - War Damage] "Naples preserved Most of its Art." The N. Y. Times, Oct. 7, 1943. p. 5 [1/2].

Entrevistas Diversas by Agência Senado

Relator-geral do Orçamento de 2023, senador Marcelo Castro (MDB-PI), concede entrevista.

Foto: Roque de Sá/Agência Senado

Damrei Slab (7) by UNDP Climate

Photo credit: UNDP

Relates to the project 'Reducing the Vulnerability of Cambodian Rural Livelihoods through Enhanced Sub-National Climate Change Planning and Execution of Priority Actions' www.adaptation-undp.org/projects/reducing-vulnerability-c...

Laws relating to Maintenance in India by priya malik

www.myadvo.in/blog/laws-relating-to-maintenance-in-india/ A person is entitled to basic amenities of life like food, clothing, shelter and other necessary requirements to live a dignified life. Under the principles of social justice, it is the natural duty of a man to provide these amenities to his wife, parents and children in form of maintenance.

Les Invalides by Brule Laker

Les Invalides contains museums and monuments, all relating to the military history of France, as well as a hospital and a retirement home for war veterans, the building's original purpose. The buildings house the Musée de l'Armée (the military museum of the Army of France), the Musée des Plans-Reliefs and the Musée d'Histoire Contemporaine, as well as the Dôme des Invalides, a large church, the tallest in Paris at a height of 350 feet. It houses tombs of some of France's war heroes, most notably Napoleon. The architect of Les Invalides was Libéral Bruant. By the time the enlarged project was completed in 1676, the river front measured 643 feet, and the complex had 15 courtyards, the largest being the cour d'honneur ("court of honor") for military parades. Jules Hardouin-Mansart assisted the aged Bruant, and the chapel for veterans was finished in 1679. This chapel was known as Église Saint-Louis des Invalides, and daily attendance of the veterans in the church services was required. Shortly after the veterans' chapel was completed, Louis XIV commissioned Mansart to construct a separate private royal chapel referred to as the Église du Dôme. The domed chapel was finished in 1708. The building retained its primary function of a retirement home and hospital for military veterans until the early 20th century. In 1872 the musée d'artillerie (Artillery Museum) was located within the building to be joined by the musée historique des armées (Historical Museum of the Armies) in 1896. The two institutions were merged to form the present Musée de l'Armée in 1905. At the same time, the veterans in residence were dispersed to smaller centers outside Paris, as the building became too large for its original purpose. The modern complex includes facilities about a hundred elderly or incapacitated former soldiers, including one gentleman sitting outside in full World War II army dress.

Battle Of Gutenberg - Siege By The Swiss Confederates 1499, Postmuseum Vaduz, Städtle 37, 9490 Vaduz, Oberland, Principality Of Liechtenstein. by PHOTOGRAPHY by DM & DBM.

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Postal Museum (Liechtenstein)

The postal museum in the English building in Vaduz

The Postal Museum of the Principality of Liechtenstein exhibits documents relating to philately and postal history in the Principality of Liechtenstein . The museum is affiliated with the Liechtenstein State Museum . It is located in the center of Vaduz in the so-called English building - the first steel-framed building in the country.

History

The museum was founded in 1930 to collect stamp issues and other important documents from the country's philately and postal history and make them accessible to the public. The museum opened in 1936. Hermann E. Sieger carried out significant curatorial work .

After the museum was housed in various rooms, it has been in the English building since 2002 .

Exhibition

The focus of the exhibition is on the stamps issued by the Principality of Liechtenstein since 1912. The museum also presents the most important designs, proofs and engraving plates as well as other important documents of postal history and historical postal equipment. In addition to the permanent exhibitions, changing exhibitions are also held periodically.

Postage stamps in the pedestrian zone

Since May 2011, a selection of oversized Liechtenstein stamps has been on display in the Städtle – Vaduz's pedestrian zone. The 25 stamp reproductions function here as pavement slabs.

Vaduz is the capital of the Principality of Liechtenstein . The municipality in the Oberland is the residence of the prince as well as the seat of the state government , the state parliament and all courts . It is also the seat of the Roman Catholic archdiocese of the same name .

Vaduz is particularly well-known for its role as an international financial center . The municipality has six exclaves and is therefore an administrative unit divided into seven. The inhabitants are called Vaduzer , the adjective is Vaduzisch .

The municipality has an area of 17,284 km² and includes the village of Vaduz and its immediate surroundings as well as six exclaves. The area with the village of Vaduz borders Schaan to the north , Triesenberg to the east, Triesen to the south and the Swiss communities of Sevelen and Buchs SG , located on the other side of the Rhine , to the west . The highest point in the municipality is 2150 m above sea level. M. the silver horn .

Four exclaves are located in the Rhine Valley. These are the agriculturally used Vaduzer Riet between the Schaaner industrial area and Eschen / Nendeln , the forests of Forst at the foot of the Three Sisters massif and Rüttistein and Dachsegg above Planken . The forest plots are owned by the Vaduz citizens' cooperative , whose members are entitled to the annual loose wood. At around 900 m above sea level. Traces of a prehistoric settlement were found in Dachsegg.

Two exclaves are located in the mountain area: on the one hand, the cooperative Alps Pradamee and Hahnenspiel and on the other hand, the Alp Hinter Valorsch . The Pradamee and Hahnenspiel Alps in the Malbun high valley were formerly known as Vaduz Malbun .

The Alp Hintervalorsch was separated from Vorder- and Mittlervalorsch in 1643 because of a dispute between Vaduz and Schaan and has belonged to Vaduz ever since. [8th]

In 1781, the use of the alpine pastures was divided between the Vaduz upper and lower villages and separate alpine buildings were built on the Under Pradamee (1500 m above sea level) and the Upper Pradamee (1700 m above sea level). Since 1930, the municipality of Vaduz has received around one million cubic meters of drinking water from Pradamee every year. The separate dairy operation ended around the middle of the 20th century. Since then, part of the milk has been made into cheese on the Ober Pradamee.

In 1962, the first ski lift in Malbun was built in the Alp Pradamee area, which was replaced by new chairlifts in 2006 along with other old lifts.

The Alp Hahnenspiel is used as Galtalp . One at approx. 2000 m above sea level. The small cave located M. served as a burial place for a dead person during the early Bronze Age .

Alp Gaflei, which was purchased by the municipality of Vaduz in 1952, is located in the Triesenberg municipality. Although the alpine buildings have been demolished since 2006, the alpine pastures continue to be used.

Vaduz was first mentioned in 1175/1200 as de Faduzes , two mentions from 1021 are later forgeries. The name, like many others in the Rhine Valley, is of Romanesque origin and goes back to Old Romansh auadutg “moat; Canal for mills and sawmills; Mill flume”, which in turn comes from the Latin aquaeductus .

On May 3, 1342, the then dominion of the Counts of Bregenz was divided, creating the County of Vaduz . In 1392, under Counts Henry V. (I.) and Hartmann IV. (II.) of Werdenberg-Sargans-Vaduz, it gained imperial immediacy through a privilege from King Wenceslas . In the following decades and centuries, the county repeatedly became the scene of wars and looting, e.g. B. in the Old Zurich War (1444–1446) or in the Swabian War (1499–1500).

Over time, the rulers of Hohenems became increasingly indebted, so that they were ultimately forced to sell the county of Vaduz and the neighboring lordship of Schellenberg . In 1699, Prince Hans Adam of Liechtenstein acquired the rule of Schellenberg and in 1712 the county of Vaduz. On January 23, 1719, a diploma from Emperor Charles VI united. the county of Vaduz with the rule of Schellenberg and raised it to an imperial principality with the name Liechtenstein. As a result, Vaduz became increasingly important.

In 1806, Napoleon Bonaparte founded the Confederation of the Rhine , which also included Liechtenstein and thereby effectively became independent. This independence was confirmed at the Congress of Vienna and Liechtenstein was accepted into the German Confederation .

However, Liechtenstein – and thus also Vaduz – remained very backward for a long time. It was only the customs treaty concluded with Austria in 1852 that enabled economic conditions to improve, and a constitutional constitution of 1862 brought political change so that the prince could no longer rule without restrictions.

The First World War impoverished the population, and at the end of the war the customs agreement with the war loser Austria-Hungary was dissolved.

After the customs treaty with Austria was dissolved in 1919, Liechtenstein became increasingly closer to Switzerland , and in 1923 the customs treaty with Switzerland, which still exists today, was signed. After Austria was annexed to the German Reich in March 1938, the newly ruling Prince Franz Josef II, the first prince of Liechtenstein, decided - because of his rejection of National Socialism - to move his residence to Liechtenstein to Vaduz Castle . Liechtenstein remained neutral during the Second World War and was never involved in direct hostilities. Instead, the principality was able to use its locational advantages (no loss of army personnel, central location, customs union with Switzerland, tax advantages, political stability), so that many new industrial companies were founded in Vaduz, but also in the wider principality, and progress in the country began to make rapid progress .

As of December 31, 2018, Vaduz had 5,625 inhabitants and was the second largest municipality in Liechtenstein after Schaan (with 6,016 inhabitants). At around 42 percent, the proportion of foreigners in Vaduz was higher than in all other Liechtenstein communities.

According to the 2015 census, 66.5 percent of the total population is Roman Catholic , with the proportion of Catholics among the population with Liechtenstein citizenship (80.8 percent) being significantly higher than among the population with foreign citizenship (47.1 percent Catholics). 10.1 percent of Vaduz's residents are Protestants , and 2.6 percent belong to another Christian church (majority Christian Orthodox churches ). 7.7 percent are Muslim , and other religions make up 0.75 percent of the population. Non-religious people make up 9.2 percent of the population - the highest proportion in Liechtenstein.

In the historical lexicon of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Vaduz is defined as the main town. Despite these official declarations, the term main location appears to be controversial among the general public. The principality's tourism website often refers to Vaduz as the capital, as do several Vaduz hotels, several media outlets (such as the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , Die Welt , the Geo , the Kronen Zeitung or the Deutschlandfunk), the Association of the Consular Corps in the Principality of Liechtenstein and the Foreign Office of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Hubert Büchel said during his lecture in the Feldkirch Palais Liechtenstein in 1988 : “Vaduz with 5,000 inhabitants is of a size where we do not yet dare to speak of a ‘capital’, but at best of a ‘capital town’.”

In a travel magazine, the moderator Hape Kerkeling asked the FBP politician and former mayor of Vaduz, Manfred Bischof, whether one could “seriously speak of a capital” for a place with 6,000 inhabitants. Bishop replied that Vaduz could seriously be called a capital, since Liechtenstein is its own country and a country also has a capital.

The former Vaduz local councilor and former president of the Johann Schädler Agra Foundation , Stefanie Hasler, said on “ Vaterland TV ” at the end of 2022 that Vaduz is actually a capital and that “every now and then” he doesn’t dare to say so .

In March 2023, the Munich Merkur described Vaduz as the “de facto capital” of Liechtenstein.

Liechtenstein Art Museum : Opened in 2000, the state museum for modern and contemporary art houses the state art collection of the Principality of Liechtenstein. The facade, a colored and seamlessly cast concrete made of predominantly black basalt rock and colored river gravel, is treated in such a way that “a lively play is created on the reflective surface”.

Liechtenstein State Museum : The cultural and natural history of Liechtenstein is presented here . The museum includes two old buildings and a new building in Vaduz. In addition, the postal museum in Vaduz and a rural living museum in Schellenberg are assigned to the state museum.

“ Engländerbau ” with postal museum : The “Engländerbau” was built in 1933/1934 on behalf of an English company as a commercial building. Today it is an exhibition building that shows changing exhibitions of contemporary art. Since 2002, it has also been home to the Postal Museum, which is part of the State Museum and collects, preserves and makes available to the public important documents and artifacts from Liechtenstein philately and postal history.

Kurt Beck Watch Museum : Opened in March 2018 at Lettstrasse 39, the privately run museum shows around 250 antique watches by the collector Kurt Beck.

Vaduz Castle : The landmark of Vaduz was built in the 12th century and finally expanded in the 16th and 17th centuries. The castle has been owned by the Princes of Liechtenstein since 1712, but was not inhabited for a long time and fell increasingly into disrepair. It was only at the beginning of the 20th century that it was extensively renovated, and in 1938 Prince Franz Josef II became the first prince of Liechtenstein to move his permanent residence to the castle. Since then it has no longer been open to the public.

Schalun ruins : The medieval Schalun castle ruins (also called the “Wildschloss”) were built in the 12th century and were supplemented by other parts of the building over time. The ruins are located above Vaduz Castle at an altitude of approx. 850 m above sea level. M. Large parts of the foundation walls are still preserved today, especially the core of the castle with building remains up to ten meters high. The castle has been owned by the municipality of Vaduz since 1933.

“ Red House ”: It is a listed medieval stepped-gable house in the middle village of Vaduz. It belonged to the Vaistli between 1400 and 1500 : The house was acquired by an heir of the Vaistlis in 1525 from the monastery of St. Johann im Thurtal, and the associated vineyard ( Wingert ) has retained its resulting name, Abtswingert, to this day.

St. Florin Chapel: The St. Florin Chapel was a sacred building in the municipality of Vaduz that was probably built in the early modern period. In 1872 the tower and sacristy and in 1874 the remaining parts of the building were demolished, so that the chapel is no longer preserved today. A paving on the floor plan in the center of Vaduz refers to the former location of the chapel. In addition, a large part of the equipment has been preserved or found a new use: the bells of the chapel, for example, were used in the casting of the four bells of the new parish church of St. Florin.

St. Florin Cathedral : The neo-Gothic church was built between 1868 and 1873 and inaugurated on October 5, 1873. With the inauguration of the parish church, Vaduz became a parish, as the community had until then been attached to the original parish of Schaan . Until 1997, Liechtenstein belonged to the diocese of Chur . On December 2, 1997, the Archdiocese of Vaduz was established by Pope John Paul II and separated from the Diocese of Chur. At the same time as the founding of the Archdiocese of Vaduz, the parish church of St. Florin was elevated to the status of a cathedral.

St. Josef Chapel: It was built in 1930 and 1931. It is located in the Ebenholz district and is a branch church of the municipality of Vaduz. The chapel can be seen as an example of a clearly structured church type, as was often built in the 1930s.

The Ebenholz Evangelical Church is located in the Ebenholz district and was built in 1962 and 1963. The modern church building has a clear structure with a choir and a tower in the north and an organ gallery above the main entrance. The three bells come from the Schellenberg monastery church and were cast in 1880.

The Johanneskirche is the sacred building of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Principality of Liechtenstein. The church building was built in 1947 as an emergency church in Stuttgart and finally transferred to Liechtenstein as a gift in 1956. The organ, which dates from the early 18th century, is particularly significant.

Princely crypt : Until the Second World War, the princely crypt in Wranau served as a burial place for the princely family of Liechtenstein. When Franz Josef II became the first prince to move his residence to Vaduz, a new grave was built between 1958 and 1960 in the park south of the cathedral. Prince Franz Josef II was the first sovereign to be buried here in 1989. Since 1992 there has been a relief on the wings of the entrance door showing the resurrection of Lazarus .

Liechtenstein State Parliament Building : The state parliament building was opened in 2008 after 7 years of construction. Since then, it has served as a plenary hall for the state parliament of the Principality of Liechtenstein , where all members of the state parliament can sit at a single round table. Over a million clinker bricks, 600 tons of steel and 5,800 cubic meters of concrete were used in the construction, which cost 42.2 million Swiss francs.

Government building of Liechtenstein : The government building was built from 1903 to 1905 in the neo-baroque style. It contained major technical innovations for Liechtenstein, which was poor at the time: the first central heating system in Liechtenstein was installed in the government building. The building, popularly known as the “Big House”, has been a listed building since 1992.

Vaduz town hall : The town hall was built in 1932 and 1933. Of particular importance is a balcony fresco on the south facade depicting Saint Urban , the patron saint of winegrowers. The coat of arms of the municipality of Vaduz is carved on the entrance front .

“ Rheinbergerhaus ”: The building was built around 1550 and was first mentioned in documents in 1613. It is significant because the composer Josef Gabriel Rheinberger (1839–1901) was born in this house. At the age of twelve he left his hometown to receive musical training in Munich . He worked in Munich his entire life and died there. After the Second World War, he and his wife were transferred to Vaduz in 1945. A bronze portrait of Josef Gabriel Rheinberger was erected in front of his birthplace in 1939/1940.

Old Rhine Bridge : Since 1901, the old Rhine Bridge has connected Vaduz with the Swiss community of Sevelen . The 135 meter long bridge is the only remaining wooden Rhine bridge in Liechtenstein. The bridges of the other Liechtenstein communities were abandoned due to dilapidation or fires and replaced by concrete bridges. Since the opening of the new Rhine bridge, the bridge, which consists of five pillars, has only been accessible to non-motorized private transport. It was extensively renovated in 2009/2010.

The most important sports club is FC Vaduz . As of 2022, he has won the Liechtenstein Cup 48 times and plays in the second highest Swiss league, the Challenge League . FC Vaduz's venue is the Rheinpark Stadium , where the Liechtenstein national football team also plays its home games.

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LOVE QUOTE :

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Certificado Relator Externo by oavergara

Tech Bill Signings by Governor Neil Abercrombie

HB632 (Relating to Open Data) requires state departments to make electronic data sets available to the public. The bill also requires the chief information officer (CIO) to develop policies and procedures to implement the Open Data Initiative, and appropriates $100,000 each fiscal year of the biennium to Office of Information Practices (OIP).

HB635 (Relating to Broadband) requires the state and counties to take action in advancing the Hawaii Broadband Initiative within 60 days (for conservation districts, the state must take action within 145 days). The initiative's goal is to provide ultra high-speed Internet access by 2018, and this clear and decisive timeline will reduce uncertainty for broadband companies and serve as an incentive to invest in increased bandwidth.

SB1003 (Relating to Information Technology), another of the administration's bills, authorizes the CIO to conduct security audits and direct remedial actions, as necessary, in the management of the state's cyber security.

Rose by Ari Hahn

5 9

7/365ish:

Excited in anticipation of impending beauty.

A flickr friend promised to share a picture relating to their heritage and sent me a note that it would make me happy. Exploring your own heritage is guaranteed to reveal inner beauty. Mine, of course, is Jewish. Too many Jewish parents have not passed on their Jewish heritage. Oh, I understand it well. Although we Jews have the longest and oldest continuous heritage on the planet, we have kept it through terror, trauma, hurt and humiliation. Many people have “left the fold” because of the difficulties and many more have tried to adapt their heritage to soften the blows. Only after the 20th century do we know that it is impossible to hide a Jewish identity, but people still try. (Thank God most of the world acknowledges what happened in Europe. Even as they deny and seem unable to hear the people who are calling for the destruction of Jews, as recent as today (Nassralla in Lebanon, and Al-Qaeda and Hamas.))

But I digress. It is so much better to focus on the beautiful parts of life, even while not ignoring threats. And there is so much beauty. The beauty of the rose only reflects a spiritual beauty that is much deeper and more encompassing. Even a quick peek into a beautiful heritage is truly exciting.

In this image I was experimenting with shooting with a strong backlight and a weak (white paper) reflection. I took about 25 experimental shots and I think this was the best. I will probably post a few more in the coming days....

yeah i can totally relate to all the crazy colors by ▓▒░ TORLEY ░▒▓

hanging out with Ravenelle

Posted by Second Life Resident Torley Linden. Visit Cheese.

Tech Bill Signings by Governor Neil Abercrombie

HB632 (Relating to Open Data) requires state departments to make electronic data sets available to the public. The bill also requires the chief information officer (CIO) to develop policies and procedures to implement the Open Data Initiative, and appropriates $100,000 each fiscal year of the biennium to Office of Information Practices (OIP).

HB635 (Relating to Broadband) requires the state and counties to take action in advancing the Hawaii Broadband Initiative within 60 days (for conservation districts, the state must take action within 145 days). The initiative's goal is to provide ultra high-speed Internet access by 2018, and this clear and decisive timeline will reduce uncertainty for broadband companies and serve as an incentive to invest in increased bandwidth.

SB1003 (Relating to Information Technology), another of the administration's bills, authorizes the CIO to conduct security audits and direct remedial actions, as necessary, in the management of the state's cyber security.

Coloquio Iberoamericano de Periodismo Digital by Knight Center for Journalism in the Americas, University of Texas at Austin

Edison Lanza, relator especial para la Libertad de Expresión, Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos de la OEA, speaks at the Coloquio Iberoamericano de Periodismo Digital at the University of Texas at Austin, Apr. 19, 2015. Gabriel Cristóver Pérez/Knight Center

Relating Technology to Development Work - Mr. Gaurav Verma, Head Operations, Ziqitza Health Care by NASSCOM Foundation

Burn Baby, Burn by Paul Doerwald

Your employees when you ask them to track their time accurately

clockk.com/memes/spongebob-burning-paper-meme-timer-emplo...

Kaffraria 2008 - 568 by anjin-san

Historic documents relating to the German immigration to British Kaffraria in the 1850's, photographed in the Courtenay-Latimer Hall at the East London Museum, Eastern Cape, South Africa on July 7, 2008. Original Prospectus referring to the German Colony at the Cape of Good Hope giving details of eligibility, terms, regulations relating to baggage, allocation of water and meals to be served, etc. Dated 15 June 1858. I photographed the same document in the archive in Stettin (Szczecin), Poland in 2003.

Bampton - St Mary's Church by Glass Angel

The Horde Chapel, formerly a mortuary chapel, then used as a verstry; erected in its present form in 1702 and lined with monuments relating to the Horde family.

In the Horde chapel is a good collection of Baroque wall monuments, all county work with oval frames, variously carved with cherubs, skulls and grotesque heads.

(A Guide to Oxfordshire Churches: Jennifer Sherwood.)

Detail: Rev Thomas Cooke, d1669.

St Mary's Church, Bampton

The Church of Saint Mary the Virgin, Bampton, Oxfordshire, is a Church of England parish church in the Diocese of Oxford that dates from the 12th century. It is on the site of a late Saxon Minster, the tower of which survives in the present church. It has a 13th-century spire, and a carved stone reredos of Christ and his Apostles from about 1400. It is a Grade I listed building.

Saint Beornwald of Bampton was venerated as patron saint of Bampton from at least the 9th century until the Reformation. His feast day was 21 December. Given the degree of local patronage he may have been the founder of the church. Very little is known about Beornwald. Although early records call him saint, confessor, priest and martyr, even his tomb is now lost for certain. His shrine was probably in the north transept of the parish church, where some evidence of a former shrine remains.

William the Conqueror granted the original church to Leofric, Bishop of Exeter. The Diocese of Exeter was involved with St Mary's for many years afterwards. The church has been rebuilt and extended a number times, most recently in 1870 when the roof was given its present form.

The ancient parish was one of the largest in Oxfordshire, and included the townships of Weald, Lew, Aston, Cote, Shifford, Chimney and Lower Haddon. In 1857 the parish was split into the three ecclesiastical parishes of Bampton Proper, Bampton Lew and Bampton Aston, all now part of the united benefice of Bampton with Clanfield. In 1866 the parish was split into five civil parishes: Bampton, Lew, Aston and Cote, Shifford and Chimney.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Church,_Bampton

historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1053559

www.bamptonchurch.org.uk/history.html

Harris Academy Beckenham's Year 9 student's extremely talented artwork! by Harris Federation

Images relate to the pandemic, others are portraits of famous people (Keanu Reeves!) while the remainder reflect the student's interest in Banksy, manga cartoons or interpretations of different songs.

Represent to Relate by DushiYanthini Kanagasabapathipillai

Dilli Haat ~ one stop shop for handicrafts from all the states in India

The Problems Relating to the Management & Excavations of the Archaeological Ruins of Herculaneum / Pompeii as Reported in Foreign Press (1904-2002). [Reform of the Min. Pub. Inst.] - "Prod For Italy's Arts Watchdog." The Times, Feb. 7, 1964, p. 10. by Martin Conde

The Problems Relating to the Management & Excavations of the Archaeological Ruins of Herculaneum / Pompeii as Reported in Foreign Press (1904-2002). [Reform of the Min. Pub. Inst.] - "Prod For Italy's Arts Watchdog." The Times, Feb. 7, 1964, p. 10.

Theresa Irene Wolowski prepping for a photo at the LOVE sculpture by Robert Indiana in Dilworth Park, Center City Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA by RyanReporting

Philadelphia, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, USA

Philadelphia is the largest city in the state of Pennsylvania.

In 1682, William Penn founded the city to serve as capital of Pennsylvania Colony.

Philadelphia is home to many national historical sites that relate to the founding of the United States. Independence National Historical Park is the center of these historical landmarks. Independence Hall, where the Declaration of Independence was signed, and the Liberty Bell are the city's most famous attractions. Other historic sites include homes for Edgar Allan Poe, Betsy Ross, and Thaddeus Kosciuszko.

***********************

Facts of Philadelphia and Symbols of Pennsylvania

Betsy Ross made the first American flag in Philadelphia.

Philadelphia is home to the cheesesteak sandwich, water ice, soft pretzels, and TastyKakes.

The Declaration of Independence was signed in Philadelphia in 1776.

Philadelphia is home to the Liberty Bell.

Fairmount Park in Philadelphia is the largest city park with over 8,000 acres.

Philadelphia is the site of the first presidential mansion.

Philadelphia was once the United States capital city.

State Colors

Blue & Gold

State Flower

Mountain Laurel

State Motto

Virtue, Liberty, Independence

State Nickname

The Keystone State

State Song

Pennsylvania by Eddie Khoury and Ronnie Bonner

State Theater

Walnut Street Theatre

State Tree

Eastern Hemlock

Hashtag metadata tag

#Philadelphia #PhiladelphiaPA #PhiladelphiaPennsylvania #Pennsylvania #PennsylvaniaState #StateofPennsylvania #CityofPhiladelphia #Commonwealth #CommonwealthofPennsylvania #Penn #PA #Virtue #Liberty #Independence

Photo

Philadelphia city, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania state, USA United States of America country, North America continent

04-16-2016

Postcard FTP01316_11 by Yarra Plenty Regional Library Local History

Postcard

The Fay Thomas Collection includes family archives relating to the Thomas family. Moses Thomas (1825-1878) was a significant figure in the history of the area now known as the City of Whittlesea, Victoria, Australia. Thomas and Ann and their family lived at "Mayfield", Mernda, Victoria.

Miss Lily Thomas (1871-1946), Thomas and Ann’s fourth daughter lived there all her life. She collected postcards which her family and friends sent her on a very regular basis. It was an easy and enjoyable way to keep in touch. Production of postcards blossomed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Lily’s collection encompasses the so-called Golden Age (1890-1915) with many postmarked 1906-1907. Some were sent to other members of the family.

The collection document the natural landscape as well as the built environment—buildings, gardens, parks, and tourist sites. Topographical Postcards showing street scenes and general views from Australian and international locations, some of which are artistic views. Popular postcard manufacturers such as Tuck’s Postcards are included in the collection.

Decorative cards, many embellished with floral motives (as a nod to the receiver Lily?) and embossing. Greeting cards are common for Christmas, New Year, Easter and of course birthdays.

Regular senders can be identified from Kyneton and the Great Ocean Road area, Victoria and there is a siginifant collection from Scotland (but not sent from there).

YPRL hold digital copies of the Papers of the Moses Thomas Family held at State Library Victoria

Copyright for these images is Public domain but a credit to the Fay Thomas Collection and YPRL would be appreciated.

Enquiries: Yarra Plenty Regional Library

Inspirational Quotes : teen-relates: by Top Quotes

Inspirational Quotes

teen-relates:

- #InspirationalQuotes

topquotesonline.net/inspirational-quotes/inspirational-qu...

Rescue By Swiss Pontoon-Bridge Builders 1927, Postmuseum Vaduz, Städtle 37, 9490 Vaduz, Oberland, Principality Of Liechtenstein. by PHOTOGRAPHY by DM & DBM.

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