Note: John faced some cancer in 2015. Sondra is his wife...

How tardy and bizarrely uncharacteristic of me to "come up short" Carol, on the genealogical history of the deceased equine entity called Tony.

Actually the initial send had more text....in my whimpering inadequacies.... I encountered a road block that was insurmountable for my chemo-laced brain.....I cried until Sondra came to my mewling puddle of shameful "masculine-tech" whining on the floor.....she tried to solve the dilemma .....and had "lift-off" for only a portion of the rocket.....basically it was a cluster fuck, a message that was intended for one planet.....but the message splintered,........you received some of the text, and some of it will arrive on Saturn's second inner ring, around 2525. The video that I tried to include with the text....imploded, folding in-ward unto itself.....consuming its life and frames until it resembled a tiny black jube-jube lying on the sidewalk.........not even the slugs were interested.

Tony was 22 when he died.....born in Saskatchewan......had papers.....not the kind of papers that illegal refugees have....but papers that proved he was pure Percheron. Tony was and is the only papered horse we have ever owned. Both his parents....sire and brood mare were registered Percheron. Percheron is a French heavy horse breed.....that basically opened the west, plowed the soil and pulled the goods.

In my world, being papered and registered means nothing....what does matter .......do I like what I see. And with Tony ....it was all good.

I'n John R's world of horses, registered and papered has meaning.

Sondra and I bought Tony along with another horse named Spider.....they were a team.....had worked as a team, pulling wagons and sleighs and also as a logging team for a teamster/logger/farmer/truck-driver from the 100 Mile House area of BC's Caribou region. Spider was a giant of a horse, also Percheron, not registered and not papered. Spider weighted about a ton, Tony was around 1800 lbs......

Spider was tall, quite a bit taller than Tony, so they looked a bit mis-matched....both horses were black as coal..........Tony had one white sock, rear right, if you are looking up the dirt chute........and both had their tails docked.... I'm not a fan of docked tails, but that's the way they came.

The year was 2004, when we heard about these boys being available.....we already had a team.....two wonderful Belgian/Percheron crosses, both unpapered and un-registered, that were named Pat and Mike, that we bought in 1999.

We were thinking of easing up on using Pat and Mike, as we were logging quite a bit. We wanted a younger team.....and Tony and Spider were around 10 ......a little side bar to horse trading.....a horse trader if he's trying to sell a horse , when confronted with the question .....

"so, how old is this horse"......will almost always tell you, he's 9. (old enough to know better but young enough to be strong and eager)(keep that in mind Carol, when it comes time to trade the old boy in)

To really know how old a horse is.....you look at his teeth, and if you know how to read the markings on their teeth, you can come to within a year or two. Many a 9 year old has turned out to be 17 or even older.

Sondra and I heard about the big blacks being for sale.....made some time to come up from the farm to have a look.

Always an adventure....searching out horses.

So up to the 100 Mile House area.....it was early summer....this area, high in elevation, excels in showing its beauty during the summer. It's sparsely populated.....a few small towns dot the region, to offer commerce and alcohol......the area is home to ranches, lots of large acreages, raising and growing beef..... As well as the ubiquitous logging industry.......give us some trees to exploit.

It's a gorgeous part of the province Carol, a high plateau, spotted with numerous lakes, expansive lodge pole pine forests, and these old, well worn ranch settlements.

It was one of these ranches that Tony and Spider were residing ......log house, log out-buildings, log fences, log barn.........right on the edge of a good sized lake.

Tom the owner was ready for us when we arrived....horses were at the hitching rail....harnessed and ready to perform.

But you never jump right into the task at hand .....you have to have the BC chats first.....sort of like kicking the tires when you are looking to buy a "new to you" truck......so the three of us are walking around the horses, hands running over their bodies, asking questions that don't always pertain to horses, "do you know such and such, he has a logging team near Princeton"......." where did these boys come from"...."when did you last use them"....."any problems"....."how are their feet"........"do these boys come with the harness"..... "how long have you lived up here"......."no kidding, I know Ted Guisbrech, we logged together over near Rock Creek".........and so on.

Then .....you ask if it would be ok to see them walk around.........he may say sure, take the lines, or he may say....sure, let me walk them first and then you can have a go.

All this seemingly unimportant prater......registers...it is all telling us about his relationship with his horses.....does he want to make sure the horses are calmed down when it comes time for us to drive them, .......does he think they might be a bit spooky if we take the lines.....is he setting the standard by showing us how he handles them.....all part of the game.

I want him to walk the horses around, to see what kind of relationship he has with them.....how he holds the lines ......where he stands.....how he gets them to move, does he "kiss them up", or "click" them up .....(two very distinct sounds in the horse world)....or does he remain silent, and communicate through the lines.....do they move on their own, when he grabs the lines......does he say their names to get them to move.......does he hold the lines....firm.......loosely.....does he slap the horses rears with the lines to get them to walk.....all of this shows me how this guy gets along with his horses.....gentle, coarsely, frantic, lazy, attentive, casual, ....and this gives me some incite into what we might be buying.

It's such a dance.....you want it to fall into place....you've invested 6 hours of travel one way......you like the initial viewing.....you need a team .....you want it to work. The foot work, the rhythm, the music, the touch, all these "things" need to be right for the dance to feel good...the flow....and eventually the coupling.

Where was I. .....oh yea.... Tom is walking the boys around, they have their harness on, the harness is well worn, with some minor binder-twine fix-it's......binder-twine....the non-natural material they use to tie bales of hay with.....it is ubiquitous with the horse world.....binder-twine is the rural duct-tape....you use it everywhere to tie down, to tie up, to keep apart, to shorten and to lengthen, you use it for clothes lines, and dog leashes, you use it to mark the planting lines for lettuce and carrots.....It almost always comes in the colour orange.....but now they have introduced the colour blue. It the very old days they used wire to wrap bales.

Tom walks the boys around the corral.....whoa-ing them up then asking them to step up(move ahead).....making them "gee" and "haw".....right and left......I watch how his hands work the lines.....lightly.....aggressively.....does he verbally communicate or is it all done with touch (pressure with the lines)......so the lines are long strips of leather or polypropylene that are attached to the bridle, a sort of head set that has the bit, the metal bar that is inserted to the horses mouth, attached to......so every time you pull on the lines it activates the bit......in a good or bad way.....gentle with the lines equates to gentle with the bit......aggressive with the lines, equates to harsh rough bit movement..........I'm certain Carol you've experienced this with the Hun. To get his attention (his noodle buried in a Conan movie) you sometimes have to jerk his bit.

So what you want to see as a perspective buyer, is the owner driving the horses around in a calm atmosphere.....no rodeos.....using "soft" hands........you want the horses displaying a zen.......a zone where they are willing to do what you ask of them.

Think Pointer Sisters......."I want a man with a slow hand....I Want a lover with an easy touch. I want a lover who will take some time. Not come and go in a heated rush"

Now that's what makes a perfect teamster.......Sondra points out that in the equine world, every teamster thinks he has soft hands. Phew, was that air leaving my body!

Then we attach the horses to the double-tree......sometimes made from hard wood and now usually made from metal.....this is the devise that is attached to two big leather straps that are attached to the horses harness.....these straps are called tugs....and then the double tree is attached to the device you want the horses to pull....ie. a wagon, a sleigh, a rake, a mower, or for our purposes a log. The double tree drags on the ground, so sometimes does not drag smoothly, as it gets caught up on debris , small babies, stumps, empty beer cases, that sort of thing......logging horses get acclimatized to this irregular pull and constant clanging, and are not spooked by the sound or pull.....uninitiated horses go ballistic....as they can never run away from the ragged feel, and the scary sound.

Tony and Spider were great.....and after numerous manoeuvres and requests.....lots of backing up, going forward.....asking them to take one step forward and whoa......asking them to stand while putting the lines on the ground......some horses will creep forward....

hooking them up to a big log and pulling it around.....doing the same tasks that we asked of them without the log..... we put them back to the hitching rail......removed their harness.

I ask Tom how "they load"......how easily do they go in a trailer.....a very important feature.....especially for people who move their horses around....like horse loggers.....always going to different sites.......some horses react to trailers like a 9 year old boy going to the dentist.....it can be hell.....and I've participated in many "rodeos" trying to get unwilling horses in a trailer. Both hard on the horse and the handler. Feet stepped on, smashed around by hyper animals, and that's before you get them in the trailer..... Securing them in the trailer is even more ramped up in terms of activity. So having calm, easy going horses to load...can be the deal sealer or breaker.Tom assures me that they "load easy"

We let the horses cool down......and then I picked up every foot......you want a cooperative horse when trimming hooves.....looked in their mouths to check teeth......hands feeling all over their bodies.....feeling and looking for bumps, irregularities, sores.....seeing how the harness fits them, any rubs, buckle wear, .......you try and do a full inspection..........just like the 50 point checkup that your Audi receives every 6 months.

For me it's all fun.....a chance to visit with another teamster.....to check out his stock....see new country.... hear some new lies and stories.

All the while the test drive and chit-chat is happening, Sondra and I are communicating about what we think about the team.....likes and dislikes....this is all done without talking....it's done with eyes, eye brows, facial wrinkles, nostril flares, smiles, hands, and head nods.....we don't want to diss the owner about the abilities of his team, or challenge anything he says about them.....we just register silently the good and bad......we didn't drive 6 hours to tell someone they have a badly mannered team of horses. It's a sort of rural respect and politeness that seems to prevail in rural Canada.

More generalized talk takes place....we find out more about his place.....some of the jobs he did with the team.....his daughter comes out of the house and jumps up on a saddle horse and rides around.....learn that he's bought a truck and car wash in 100 Mile House.....very entrepreneurial ...... He wanders off to feed some animals.... And Sondra and I kick a few horse buns around and decide yes, we want the team......

The negotiations are straight forward....we pay $4000....

In most horse transactions you buy the horse and the seller provides you with a halter and a lead rope......usually the most worn out and manure stained ones he can find in the tack shed.....often repaired with binder-twine, that use to be orange.

We manage, through friendly haggling, to get the harness, a double tree, and some pieces of harness "thrown in" with the 4 grand. We are happy with the deal, he's happy with the deal.

He agrees to feed the horses for a week, and Sondra and I will return the following weekend with our horse trailer, pick them up and bring them to Trinity Valley.

This adventure was wonderful.....a great way to start a new relationship with a new team......we were anxious to play with them, learn more about them.......and see what they could do.

The boys turned out to be all we wished for.....great addition to our already mature and well behaved team of Pat and Mike.....

Spider as he got older developed a rear hip malfunction.....that eventually made it very difficult for him to get up, after he would lie down for a rest and or a roll. At the end I was having to lift him up with the tractor....too complicated to describe, believe me it was as hard on me as it was on Spider.....Spider learned not to lie down too much .....and when he did, he'd try to position himself strategically on a slope so when it was time for lift-off, gravity would help. One time Spider lay down in his corral....winter time....in a hollow and couldn't rise up......thrashed around for awhile, making his bed a skating rink....total ice, caused by his body heat, ..... and even more difficult for him......finally as darkness was settling in I managed to get him up......this was becoming a problem.

In spring time I had a chat with the big boy......I was tiring of the effort it took to get him back up on all "four"...... Eventually the time came and he had his final lie-down.......

After Spider died, Tony was confused and then sad.....no more mate.....these horses when they are teamed up.....often act as one......they eat side by side, they rest side by side......when one heads off in a direction, the other one will follow......when one decides to let it all out and race around the field, full throttle, the other one copies. They are often joined at the hip. So Tony was bummed when Spider passed on, ........and he got little sympathy from the other team......at this point on the calendar, our original team of Pat and Mike, had both died, and we had bought another team, Jackie and Star, younger than both Spider and Tony, and this new team became our "go to team".

Jackie and Star, also Percheron's, also black, but with un-cropped tails, dragging on the ground, beautiful, true warriors......Don Monjoy was so proud of us for staying black, and staying Perch......this team was young, bold, frisky, and dominating. So Tony went to the bottom of the pecking order, and just wasn't too sure where he fit in. Sondra and I continued to show love and attention his way.....and Sondra would harness him and drive him around, but we always felt he was somewhat confused.......and missing his mate. But through that wondering, he was always a treat to be around.....he was extremely handsome.....very curious.....enormously smart.........and we always said he had a great ass.... And we will miss him.

Well now he can rejoin Spider......they can be a team again.

Original Caption: Navaho Boy Leans Against Tower of Discarded Tires. Lack of Disposal Facilities Is A Common Problem in Remote Areas of the Navaho Reservation

U.S. National Archives’ Local Identifier: 412-DA-1864

Photographer: Eiler, Terry, 1944-

Subjects:

Red Rock (Apache county, Arizona, United States) inhabited place

Environmental Protection Agency

Project DOCUMERICA

Persistent URL: arcweb.archives.gov/arc/action/ExternalIdSearch?id=544357

Repository: Still Picture Records Section, Special Media Archives Services Division (NWCS-S), National Archives at College Park, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD, 20740-6001.

For information about ordering reproductions of photographs held by the Still Picture Unit, visit: www.archives.gov/research/order/still-pictures.html

Reproductions may be ordered via an independent vendor. NARA maintains a list of vendors at www.archives.gov/research/order/vendors-photos-maps-dc.html

Access Restrictions: Unrestricted

Use Restrictions: Unrestricted

My flickr uploader is having problem last night. I have not been able to fix it after a few attempts to uninstall & install.

Therefore, each photos i have to load one my one & CTL+ALT+DEL to end the process. Then load again. Is time consuming!!

I have been spending the wohle morning working in my garden to taking photo. it is a hot day 80 degree since 10.Am. & wind speed is 15 miles per hour. I took about 50 shots before I select this to post here.

This is a great shot in view of weather condition the overhead sunlight. My face & shoulder already got burn. The clarity the sharpness; shade, the color all are great so to speak!!

Thanks for visiting.

5½ inch 80# cardstock circles, a good, stiff medium for this model.

Perfect model for CraftROBOing or die-stamping.

Crease pattern (postscript)

if only she had a Vampoodle!

i'll shoot this again, in better light, if one ever shows up,

2015/365/72 Communication Problems

Part of the long south front of Alexandra Palace, with the former BBC TV mast above the east tower.

══════════════════════════════════════

First in a series of photos and comments about Cllr Charles Adje and how he carried out some vital tasks on behalf of Haringey Council.

This one comments on events arising from the First Walklate Report.

► Click here for Part 2 ─ Adje's Pally.

══════════════════════════════════════

In October 2008 Alexandra Palace was back in the news with publication of the first Walklate Report. Martin Walklate's measured, factual and independent report examined events surrounding the grant of a licence to Firoka (Alexandra Palace) Ltd in May 2007.

With justification, Haringey's local press focused on the role of former Council Leader, Cllr Charles Adje who chaired the Alexandra Palace Board at the time. ( Click to read the reports and editorial in the Hampstead & Highgate Express 25 September 2008. )

Cllr Adje's most interesting reply was printed in the Letters page of the Ham & High on 2 October 2008. That week is not included in the paper's online archive, so here it is.

══════════════════════════════════════

(Hampstead & Highgate Express 2 October 2008.)

Charles Adje responds to criticisms over damning Ally Pally report

I read with incredulity your comments on the Walklate Ally Pally report (Call for heads to roll after shocking Ally Pally report, H&H Broadway September 25). To state that the whole deal was done behind closed doors is absurd.

Board members were informed of the financial situation and of contracts being terminated or dwindling. Firoka was becoming impatient and was concerned about this, the unions were concerned about the way their members were being dealt with regarding TUPE negotiations, and staff were also leaving to take up jobs elsewhere due to the continuing uncertainty.

Firoka had the resources to move things forward and the potential to channel business to the Palace.

The Alexandra Palace Trading Company was also being wound up as it was in deficit, and the board ran the risk of trading with an insolvent company (as reported by officers at the time). The two independent non-executive directors had already stood down and liquidators were on standby to wind down the company.

You will be aware that the company has its own accountants and auditors. Council officers were aware of this and I believe provisions had been made to this effect.

In order to ensure the future of the assets and that staff were provided with some certainty for the future and to further lock Firoka in, the Board of Trustees and of the trading company decided to second the staff and grant a licence to Firoka Alexandra Palace Limited for a limited period.

At no time did any board member query this decision or state that they did not understand what was being proposed. The decision to transfer was unanimous. The Leader of the Council and the Chief Executive were fully conversant with the process.

I am certain that the interim licence would not have been granted if board members had been told that the judicial review would go against the Charity Commission or the board. It is, however, regrettable that officers did not seek legal or counsel's opinion to finalise the licence.

Counsel's opinion was sought by officers regarding the judicial review and the chair of the Board of Trustees, the council leader and the chief executive were fully conversant with the opinion.

The Walklate report infers that board members were not competent and casts aspersions on their ability, their hard work and good intentions. The report failed to reflect the fact that apart from one board member who had been on the board for some time, the other members, including myself at the time, were new appointees with no previous involvement with the board.

We needed to complete the transfer process and there was no reserve bidder or plan 'B'. We were faced with a fait accompli. We therefore had to make do with what we inherited.

I should also like to state that I have had no dealings in the affairs of the Palace since I left as Chair. I do not know how Mr Walklate's service came to be commissioned, nor was I consulted in terms of his remit.

The board's aim at all times was to transfer the risks and secure the future of the assets and the staff, although this strategy had its critics.

The Walklate report and your lead comment belittle the £50m investment by Firoka, a project which commenced in 2004 and which I believe to have been the second attempt to transfer the risks and secure the future of the assets.

It should be noted that the transfer did not collapse as a result of the licence issue, as the licence was issued for a limited period. The licence should have been terminated immediately after the outcome of the judicial review as the need for it to continue no longer existed.

It should also be borne in mind that Firoka 'walked' as a result of the inaction on the part of the board to progress matters, (according to their press statement) which you also published, and not as a result of issue of the licence.

We had never denied that there had been longstanding governance problems with the Palace. The board was faced with a dilemma: whether to spend its energy on the issue of governance as inherited (which is a perennial issue) or to focus on the transfer (which would have resolved the governance issue as the trading company would have been liquidated following the transfer).

The report and your comments seem to infer that this all happened in my term as chair, which is not the case.

My aim and that of my Labour colleagues has always been and remains the same, to safeguard the future of the Palace and lift the burden from the Haringey taxpayer.

Finally, it should be noted that I asked for the whole report to be made public rather than parts of it, as I have nothing to hide.

As ever, I will continue to work hard for the benefit and interest of the people of our borough, not just for the few.

Cllr Charles Adje

Labour Member for White Hart Lane Ward

Haringey Council

════════════════════════════════════

My Comment

I found this an odd letter. To me, at least, it seems to present Cllr Adje as a new chap on the Board who had "inherited" problems he didn't really grasp. Almost as if he had not been the Council Leader during the previous two years. (May 2004 - May 2006). Nor a member of the Council's ruling "cabinet" from 2000-04 with responsibility for Finance.

Unfortunately, the mess presided over by Cllr Adje risked obscuring the hard work of the Board and solid progress made by his successor as Chair, Cllr Matt Cooke.

The LibDem opposition on Haringey Council demanded Cllr Adje's resignation from his (then) role as "cabinet" councillor in charge of "Resources". This may have seemed a bit unfair - given that he'd been off the Ally Pally board for eighteen months. But as they pointed out, Cllr Adje was then responsible for Haringey's Finances, Property, Council Tax, Procurement, IT, Personnel, and Organisational Development.

The First Walklate Report is long and complex. Even so, I hope as many people as possible download it and make their own minds up.

Solve math problems To solve Math problems quickly and accurately you need an understanding of various math concepts and solving math problems is not an easy task. TutorVista has a team of expert online Math tutors to help you understand Math problems online and find out how to get solutions for them. Our tutors work with you in learning basic to advanced topics. So we assure you complete learning to solve math problems online.One of the biggest problems in math that students encounter is solving word problems. Word Problems occur in every topic and every grade. Be it fractions, algebra, geometry or calculus, there are always word problems. Get math problem solver online now. Try our free math problems online help demo and interact with our expert math tutors. Students can check out the algebra word problems page.

Finger Lakes Food/Flower Gardens

Last year I had thought about putting another gate at the end of the run to make it easier to access the front yard. I called in a fencing company who wanted to charge me $500.00. Whoa!!! Can you say RIP-OFF! Needless to say we didn't hire that company!!! So the gates went into the garden, a good use for them! They will be used for the Cucs and Squash to climb on!

Sex Problem @ The Nicollet, Minneapolis, MN - January 27th, 2016

Pete became paranoid, afraid of catching the virus that was causing havoc in the city. He wore his gas mask day and night, but it was too little, too late. The madness had already begun.

Pentax 645D

Pentax 67 105mm

Pentax 67 to 645 adapter

Lighting - Charcoal Grey background. Gridded spots zoom reflectors with red and blue filters. Strobes not fired just used the modeling lights. Light in the eyes done with a tiny.LED flashlight

Chris Willson

www.travel67.com

travel67.wordpress.com/

Facebook

Mejetærsker med lidt drift problemer og kørte lidt langsomt. Blev fundet tæt ved byen Harlev.

A Saturday morning, and on a second wild goose chase looking for the Wall Pennywort in Folkestone.

Problem was, I didn't have the photo with me so I could triangulate the plant with the church in the background. Instead, I (wrongly) assumed that it would be growing on a wall, so spent the morning looking on every wall in the churchyard, and nothing found.

But St Mary was open.

And I just had the 50mm with me, but I was delighted inside to find the harsh orange lights under the tower have been replaced with something kinder.

I did meet a warden who was very interested in the plant tale, and other stories, so I didn't get round to photograph everything, but did see the old clock mechanism for the first time, not sure where that had been kept up to now.

And the remains of St Eanswythe, or almost certainly her remains, now dated to the mid 7th century are in a niche in the Chancel ready for placing somewhere befitting a Kentish Queen.

A superb location in a leafy churchyard away from the busy shopping centre, and yet much more of a town church than that of a seaside resort. It was originally a thirteenth-century building, but so much has happened to it that today we are left with the impression of a Victorian interior. Excellent stained glass by Kempe, mosaics by Carpenter and paintings by Hemming show the enthusiasm of Canon Woodward, vicar from 1851 to 1898. His efforts encouraged others to donate money to beautify the building in an almost continuous restoration that lasted right into the twentieth century They were spurred on by the discovery, in 1885, of the bones of St Eanswythe, in a lead casket which had been set into the sanctuary wall. She had founded a convent in the town in the seventh century and died at the age of twenty-six.

www.kentchurches.info/church.asp?p=Folkestone+1

-------------------------------------------

FOLKESTONE.

THE parish of Folkestone, which gives name to this hundred, was antiently bounded towards the south by the sea, but now by the town and liberty of Folkestone, which has long since been made a corporation, and exempt from the jurisdiction of the hundred. The district of which liberty is a long narrow slip of land, having the town within it, and extending the whole length of the parish, between the sea shore and that part of the parish still within the jurisdiction of the hundred, and county magistrates, which is by far the greatest part of it.

THE PARISH, which is about three miles across each way, is situated exceedingly pleasant and healthy. The high chalk, or down hills uniclosed, and well covered with pasture, cross the northern part of it, and from a sine romantic scene. Northward of these, this part of the parish is from its high situation, called the uphill of Folkestone; in this part is Tirlingham, the antient mansion of which has been some years since pulled down, and a modern farm-house erected in its stead; near it is Hearn forstal, on which is a good house, late belonging to Mr. Nicholas Rolse, but now of Mr. Richard Marsh; over this forstal the high road leads from Folkestone to Canterbury. The centre of the parish is in the beautiful and fertile vale called Folkestone vale, which has downs, meadows, brooks, marshes, arable land, and every thing in small parcels, which is sound in much larger regions; being interspersed with houses and cottages, and well watered by several fresh streams; besides which, at Ford forstall, about a mile northward from the town, there rises a strong chalybeat spring. This part of the parish, by far the greatest part of it, as far as the high road from Dover, through it, towards Hythe, is within the jurisdiction of the hundred of Folkestone, and the justices of the county. The small part on the opposite, or southern side of that road is within the liberty of the town or corporation of Folkestone, where the quarry or sand hills, on the broken side of one of which, the town is situated, are its southern maritime boundaries. These hills begin close under the chalk or down hills, in the eastern part of this parish, close to the sea at Eastware bay, and extend westward along the sea shore almost as far as Sandgate castle, where they stretch inland towards the north, leaving a small space between them and the shore. So that this parish there crossing one of them, extends below it, a small space in the bottom as far as that castle, these quarry, or sand hills, keeping on their course north-west, from the northern boundary of Romney Marsh, and then the southern boundary of the Weald, both which they overlook, extending pretty nearly in a parallel line with the chalk or down hills.

The prospect over this delightful vale of Folkestone from the hill, on the road from Dover as you descend to the town, is very beautiful indeed for the pastures and various fertility of the vale in the centre, beyond it the church and town of Hythe, Romney Marsh, and the high promontory of Beachy head, boldly stretching into the sea. On the right the chain of losty down hills, covered with verdure, and cattle seeding on them; on the lest the town of Folkestone, on the knole of a hill, close to the sea, with its scattered environs, at this distance a pleasing object, and beyond it the azure sea unbounded to the sight, except by the above-mentioned promontory, altogether from as pleasing a prospect as any in this county.

FOLKESTONE was a place of note in the time of the Romans, and afterwards in that of the Saxons, as will be more particularly noticed hereafter, under the description of the town itself. By what name it was called by the Romans, is uncertain; by the Saxons it was written Folcestane, and in the record of Domesday, Fulchestan. In the year 927 king Athelstane, son of king Edward the elder, and grandson of king Alfred, gave Folkstane, situated, as is mentioned in the grant of it, on the sea shore, where there had been a monastery, or abbey of holy virgins, in which St. Eanswith was buried, which had been destroyed by the Danes, to the church of Canterbury, with the privilege of holding it L. S. A. (fn. 1) But it Seems afterwards to have been taken from it, for king Knute, in 1038, is recorded to have restored to that church, the parish of Folkstane, which had been given to it as above-mentioned; but upon condition, that it should never be alienated by the archbishop, without the licence both of the king and the monks. Whether they joined in the alienation of it, or it was taken from them by force, is uncertain; but the church of Canterbury was not in possession of this place at the time of taking the survey of Domesday, in 1080, being the 14th year of the Conqueror's reign, at which time it was part of the possessions of the bishop of Baieux, the conqueror's half-brother, under the general description of whose lands it is thus entered in it:

In Limowart lest, in Fulcbestan hundred, William de Acris holds Fulchestan. In the time of king Edward the Consessor, it was taxed at forty sulings, and now at thirty-nine. The arable land is one hundred and twenty carucates. In demesne there are two hundred and nine villeins, and four times twenty, and three borderes. Among all they have forty-five carcates. There are five churches, from which the archbishop has fifty-five shillings. There are three servants, and seven mills of nine pounds and twelve shillings. There are one hundred acres of meadow. Wood for the pannage of forty bogs. Earl Godwin held this manor.

Of this manor, Hugo, son of William, holds nine sulings of the land of the villeins, and there he has in demesne four carucates and an half, and thirty-eight villeins, with seventeen borderes, who have sixteen carucates. There are three churches, and one mill and an half, of sixteen shillings and five-pence, and one saltpit of thirty pence. Wood for the pannage of six bogs. It is worth twenty pounds.

Walter de Appeuile holds of this manor three yokes and twelve acres of land, and there he has one carucate in demesne, and three villeins, with one borderer. It is worth thirty shillings.

Alured holds one suling and forty acres of land, and there he has in demesne two carucates, with six borderers, and twelve acres of meadow. It is worth four pounds.

Walter, son of Engelbert, holds half a suling and forty acres, and there he has in demesne one carucate, with seven borderers, and five acres of meadow. It is worth thirty shillings.

Wesman holds one suling, and there he has in demesne one carucate, and two villeins, with seven borderers having one carucate and an half. It is worth four pounds.

Alured Dapiser holds one suling and one yoke and six acres of land, and there he has in demesne one carucate, with eleven borderers. It is worth fifty shillings.

Eudo holds half a suling, and there he has in demesne one carucate, with four borderers, and three acres of meadow. It is worth twenty shillings.

Bernard de St. Owen, four sulings, and there he has in demesne three carucates, and six villeins, with eleven borderes, having two carucates. There are four servants, and two mills of twenty-four shillings, and twenty acres of meadow. Wood for the pannage of two bogs.

Of one denne, and of the land which is given from these suling to ferm, there goes out three pounds. In the whole it is worth nine pounds.

Baldric holds half a suling, and there he has one carucate, and two villeins, with six borderers having one carucate, and one mill of thirty pence. It is worth thirty shillings.

Richard holds fifty-eight acres of land, and there he has one carucate, with five borderers. It is worth ten shillings.

All Fulchestan, in the time of king Edward the Consessor, was worth one hundred and ten pounds, when he received it forty pounds, now what he has in demesne is worth one hundred pounds; what the knights hold abovementioned together, is worth forty-five pounds and ten shillings.

¶It plainly appears that this entry in Domesday does not only relate to the lands within this parish, but to those in the adjoining parishes within the hundred, the whole of which, most probably, were held of the bishop of Baieux, but to which of them each part refers in particular, is at this time impossible to point out. About four years after the taking of the above survey, the bishop was disgraced, and all his possessions consiscated to the crown. After which, Nigell de Muneville, a descendant of William de Arcis, mentioned before in Domesday, appears to have become possessed of the lordship of Folkestone, and as such in 1095, being the 9th year of king William Rusus, removed the priory of Folkestone from the bail of the castle to the place where it afterwards continued. His son William dying in his life-time s. p, Matilda his sole daughter and heir was given in marriage with the whole of her inheritance, by king Henry I. to Ruallanus de Albrincis, or Averenches, whose descendant Sir William de Albrincis, was become possessed of this lordship at the latter end of that reign; and in the 3d year of the next reign of king Stephen, he confirmed the gifts of his ancestors above-mentioned to the priory here. He appears to have been one of those knights, who had each a portion of lands, which they held for the de sence of Dover castle, being bound by the tenure of those lands to provide a certain number of soldiers, who should continually perform watch and ward within it, according to their particular allotment of time; but such portions of these lands as were not actually in their own possession were granted out by them to others, to hold by knight's service, and they were to be ready for the like service at command, upon any necessity whatever, and they were bound likewife, each knight to desend a certain tower in the castle; that desended by Sir William de Albrincis being called from him, Averenches tower, and afterwards Clinton tower, from the future owners of those lands. (fn. 2) Among those lands held by Sir William de Albrincis for this purpose was Folkestone, and he held them of the king in capitle by barony. These lands together made up the barony of Averenches, or Folkestone, as it was afterwards called, from this place being made the chief of the barony, caput baroniæ, as it was stiled in Latin; thus The Manor of Folkestone, frequently called in after times An Honor, (fn. 3) and the mansion of it the castle, from its becoming the chief seat or residence of the lords paramount of this barony, continued to be so held by his descendants, whose names were in Latin records frequently speit Albrincis, but in French Avereng and Averenches, and in after times in English ones, Evering; in them it continued till Matilda, daughter and heir of William de Albrincis, carried it in marriage to Hamo de Crevequer, who, in the 20th year of that reign, had possession given him of her inheritance. He died in the 47th year of that reign, possessed of the manor of Folkestone, held in capite, and by rent for the liberty of the hundred, and ward of Dover castle. Robert his grandson, dying s. p. his four sisters became his heirs, and upon the division of their inheritance, and partition of this barony, John de Sandwich, in right of his wife Agnes, the eldest sister, became entitled to this manor and lordship of Folkestone, being the chief seat of the barony, a preference given to her by law, by reason of her eldership; and from this he has been by some called Baron of Folkestone, as has his son Sir John de Sandwich, who left an only daughter and heir Julian, who carried this manor in marriage to Sir John de Segrave, who bore for his arms, Sable, three garbs, argent. He died in the 17th year of Edward III. who, as well as his son, of the same name, received summons to parliament, though whether as barons of Folkestone, as they are both by some called, I know not. Sir John de Segrave, the son, died possessed of this manor anno 23 Edward III. soon after which it appears to have passed into the family of Clinton, for William de Clinton, earl of Huntingdon, who bore for his arms, Argent, crusulee, situchee, sable, upon a chief, azure, two mullets, or, pierced gules; which coat differed from that of his elder brother's only in the croslets, which were not borne by any other of this family till long afterwards, (fn. 4) died possessed of it in the 28th year of that reign, at which time the mansion of this manor bore the name of the castle. He died s. p. leaving his nephew Sir John de Clinton, son of John de Clinton, of Maxtoke, in Warwickshire, his heir, who was afterwards summoned to parliament anno 42 Edward III. and was a man of great bravery and wisdom, and much employed in state affairs. He died possessed of this manor, with the view of frank-pledge, a moiety of the hundred of Folkestone, and THE MANOR OF WALTON, which, though now first mentioned, appears to have had the same owners as the manor of Folkestone, from the earliest account of it. He married Idonea, eldest daughter of Jeffry, lord Say, and at length the eldest coheir of that family, and was succeeded in these manors by his grandson William, lord Clinton, who, anno 6 Henry IV. had possession granted of his share of the lands of William de Say, as coheir to him in right of his grandmother Idonea, upon which he bore the title of lord Clinton and Saye, which latter however he afterwards relinquished, though he still bore for his arms, Qnarterly, Clinton and Saye, with two greybounds for his supporters. After which the manor of Folkestone, otherwise called Folkestone Clinton, and Walton, continued to be held in capite by knight's service, by his descendants lords Clinton, till Edward, lord Clinton and Saye, which title he then bore, together with Elizabeth his wife, in the 30th year of Henry VIII. conveyed these manors, with other premises in this parish, to Thomas Cromwell lord Cromwell, afterwards created earl of Essex, on whose attainder two years afterwards they reverted again to the crown, at which time the lordship of Folkestone was stiled an honor; whence they were granted in the fourth year of Edward VI. to the former possessor of them, Edward, lord Clinton and Saye, to hold in capite, for the meritorious services he had performed. In which year, then bearing the title of lord Clinton and Saye, he was declared lord high admiral, and of the privy council, besides other favours conferred on him; and among other lands, he had a grant of these manors, as abovementioned, which he next year, anno 5 Edward VI. reconveyed back to the crown, in exchange for other premises. (fn. 5) He was afterwards installed knight of the garter, by the title of Earl of Lincoln and Baron of Clinton and Saye; and in the last year of that reign, constable of the tower of London. Though in the 1st year of queen Mary he lost all his great offices for a small time, yet he had in recompence of his integrity and former services, a grant from her that year, of several manors and estates in this parish, as well as elsewhere, and among others, of these manors of Folkestone and Walton, together with the castle and park of Folkestone, to hold in capite; all which he, the next year, passed away by sale to Mr. Henry Herdson, citizen and alderman of London, who lest several sons, of whom Thomas succeeded him in this estate, in whose time the antient park of Folkestone seems to have been disparked. His son Mr. Francis Herdson alienated his interst in these manors and premises to his uncle Mr. John Herdson, who resided at the manor of Tyrlingham, in this parish, and dying in 1622, was buried in the chancel of Hawking church, where his monument remains; and there is another sumptuous one besides erected for him in the south isle of Folkestone church. They bore for their arms, Argent, a cross sable, between four fleurs de lis, gules. He died s. p. and by will devised these manors, with his other estates in this parish and neighbourhood, to his nephew Basill, second son of his sister Abigail, by Charles Dixwell, esq. Basill Dixwell, esq. afterwards resided at Tyrlingham, a part of the estate devised to him by his uncle, where, in the 3d year of king Charles I. he kept his shrievalty, with great honor and hospitality; after which he was knighted, and in 1627, anno 3 Charles I. created a baronet; but having rebuilt the mansion of Brome, in Barham, he removed thither before his death. On his decease unmarried, the title of baronet became extinct; but he devised these manors, with the rest of his estates, to his nephew Mark Dixwell, son of his elder brother William Dixwell, of Coton, in Warwickshire, who afterwards resided at Brome. He married Elizabeth, sister and heir of William Read, esq. of Folkestone, by whom he had Basill Dixwell, esq. of Brome, who in 1660, anno 12 Charles II. was created a baronet. His son Sir Basill Dixwell, bart. of Brome, about the year 1697, alientated these manors, with the park-house and grounds, and other estates in this parish and neighbourhood, to Jacob Desbouverie, esq. of LondonHe was descended from Laurence de Bouverie, de la Bouverie, or Des Bouveries, of an antient and honorable extraction in Flanders, (fn. 6) who renouncing the tenets of the Romish religion came into England in the year 1567, anno 10 Elizabeth, and seems to have settled first at Canterbury. He was a younger son of Le Sieur des Bouveries, of the chateau de Bouverie, near Lisle, in Flanders, where the eldest branch of this family did not long since possess a considerable estate, bearing for their arms, Gules, a bend, vaire. Edward, his eldest son, was an eminet Turkey merchant, was knighted by king James II. and died at his seat at Cheshunt, in Hertfordshire, in 1694. He had seven sons and four daughters; of the former, William, the eldest, was likewife an eminent Turkey merchant, and was, anno 12 queen Anne, created a baronet, and died in 1717. Jacob, the third son, was purchaser of these manors; and Christopher, the seventh son, was knighted, and seated at Chart Sutton, in this county, under which a further account of him may be seen; (fn. 7) and Anne, the second daughter, married Sir Philip Boteler, bart. Jacob Desbouverie afterwards resided at Tyrlingham, and dying unmarried in 1722, by his will devised these manors, with his other estates here, to his nephew Sir Edward Desbouverie, bart. the eldest brother son of Sir William Desbouverie, bart. his elder brother, who died possessed of them in 1736, s. p. on which his title, with these and all his other estates, came to his next surviving brother and heir Sir Jacob Desbouverie, bart. who anno 10 George II. procured an act to enable himself and his descendants to use the name of Bouverie only, and was by patent, on June 29, 1747, created baron of Longford, in Wiltshire, and viscount Folkestone, of Folkestone. He was twice married; first to Mary, daughter and sole heir of Bartholomew Clarke, esq. of Hardingstone, in Northamptonshire, by whom he had several sons and daughters, of whom William, the eldest son, succeeded him in titles and estates; Edward is now of Delapre abbey, near Northamptonshire; Anne married George, a younger son of the lord chancellor Talbot; Charlotte; Mary married Anthony, earl of Shastesbury; and Harriot married Sir James Tilney Long, bart. of Wiltshire. By Elizabeth his second wife, daughter of Robert, lord Romney, he had Philip, who has taken the name of Pusey, and possesses, as heir to his mother Elizabeth, dowager viscountess Folkestone, who died in 1782, several manors and estates in the western part of this county. He died in 1761, and was buried in the family vault at Britford, near Salisbury, being succeeded in title and estates by his eldest son by his first wife, William, viscount Folkestone, who was on Sept. 28, anno 5 king George III. created Earl of Radnor, and Baron Pleydell Bouverie, of Coleshill, in Berkshire. He died in 1776, having been three times married; first, to Harriot, only daughter and heir of Sir Mark Stuart Pleydell, bart. of Colefhill, in Berkshire. By her, who died in 1750, and was buried at Britford, though there is an elegant monument erected for her at Coleshill, he had Hacob, his successor in titles and estates, born in 1750. He married secondly, Rebecca, daughter of John Alleyne, esq. of Barbadoes, by whom he had four sons; William-Henry, who married Bridget, daughter of James, earl of Morton; Bartholomew, who married MaryWyndham, daughter of James Everard Arundell, third son of Henry, lord Arundell, of Wardour; and Edward, who married first Catherine Murray, eldest daughter of John, earl of Dunmore; and secondly, Arabella, daughter of admiral Sir Chaloner Ogle. His third wife was Anne, relict of Anthony Duncombe, lord Faversham, and daughter of Sir Thomas Hales, bart. of Bekesborne, by whom he had two daughters, who both died young. He was succeeded in titles and estates by his eldest son, the right hon. Jacob Pleydell Bouverie, earl of Radnor, who is the present possessor of these manors of Folkestone and Walton, with the park-house and disparked grounds adjacent to it, formerly the antient park of Folkestone, the warren, and other manors and estates in this parish and neighbourhood.

FOLKESTONE is within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the diocese of Canterbury, and deanry of Dover.

The church, which is dedicated to St. Mary and St. Eanswith, consists of three isles and three chancels, having a square tower, with a beacon turret in the middle of it, in which there is a clock, and a peal of eight bells, put up in it in 1779. This church is built of sand-stone; the high chancel, which has been lately ceiled, seems by far the most antient part of it. Under an arch in the north wall is a tomb, with the effigies of a man, having a dog at his feet, very an tient, probably for one of the family of Fienes, constables of Dover castle and wardens of the five ports; and among many other monuments and inscriptions, within the altar-rails, are monuments for the Reades, of Folkestone, arms, Azure, a griffin, or, quartering gules, a pheon between three leopards faces, or; for William Langhorne, A.M. minister, obt. 1772. In the south chancel is a most elegant monument, having the effigies of two men kneeling at two desks, and an inscription for J. Herdson, esq. who lies buried in Hawkinge church, obt. 1622. In the south isle a tomb for J. Pragels, esq. obt. 1676, arms, A castle triple towered, between two portcullises; on a chief, a sinister hand gauntled, between two stirrups. In the middle isle a brass plate for Joane, wife of Thomas Harvey, mother of seven sons (one of which was the physician) and two daughters. In the north wall of the south isle were deposited the remains of St. Eanswith, in a stone coffin; and under that isle is a large charnelhouse, in which are deposited the great quantity of bones already taken notice of before. Philipott, p. 96, says, the Bakers, of Caldham, had a peculiar chancel belonging to them in this church, near the vestrydoor, over the charnel-house, which seems to have been that building mentioned by John Baker, of Folkestone, who by his will in 1464, ordered, that his executors should make a new work, called an isle, with a window in it, with the parishioners advice; which work should be built between the vestry there and the great window. John Tong, of Folkestone, who was buried in this church, by will in 1534, ordered that certain men of the parish should be enfeoffed in six acres of land, called Mervyle, to the use of the mass of Jhesu, in this church.

On Dec. 19, 1705, the west end of this church, for the length of two arches out of the five, was blown down by the violence of the wind; upon which the curate and parishioners petitioned archbishop Tillot son, for leave to shorten the church, by rebuilding only one of the fallen arches, which was granted. But by this, the church, which was before insufficient to contain the parishioners, is rendered much more inconvenient to them for that purpose. By the act passed anno 6 George III. for the preservation of the town and church from the ravages of the sea as already noticed before. After such works are finished, &c. the rates are to be applied towards their repair, and to the keeping in repair, and the support and preservation of this church.

¶This church was first built by Nigell de Muneville, lord of Folkestone at the latter end of king Henry I. or the beginning of king Stephen's reign, when he removed the priory from the precinct of the castle to it in 1137, and he gave this new church and the patronage of it to the monks of Lolley, in Normandy, for their establishing a cell, or alien priory here, as has been already mentioned, to which this new church afterwards served as the conventual church of it. The profits of it were very early appropriated to the use of this priory, that is, before the 8th of king Richard II. anno 1384, the duty of it being served by a vicar, whose portion was settled in 1448, at the yearly pension of 10l. 0s. 2½d. to be paid by the prior, in lieu of all other profits whatsoever. In which state this appropriation and vicarage remained till the surrendry of the priory, in the 27th year of king Henry VIII. when they came, with the rest of the possessions of it, into the king's hands, who in his 31st year demised the vicarage and parish church of Folkestone, with all its rights, profits, and emoluments, for a term of years, to Thomas, lord Cromwell, who assigned his interest in it to Anthony Allcher, esq. but the fee of both remained in the crown till the 4th year of king Edward VI. when they were granted, with the manor, priory, and other premises here, to Edward, lord Clinton and Saye, to hold in capite; who the next year conveyed them back again to the crown, in exchange for other premises, (fn. 23) where the patronage of the vicarage did not remain long; for in 1558, anno 6 queen Mary, the queen granted it, among several others, to the archbishop. But the church or parsonage appropriate of Folkestone remained longer in the crown, and till queen Elizabeth, in her 3d year, granted it in exchange, among other premises, to archbishop Parker, being then in lease to lord Clinton, at the rent of 57l. 2s. 11d. at which rate it was valued to the archbishop, in which manner it has continued to be leased out ever since, and it now, with the patronage of the vicarage, remains parcel of the possessions of the see of Canterbury; the family of Breams were formerly lessees of it, from whom the interest of the lease came to the Taylors, of Bifrons, and was sold by the late Rev. Edward Taylor, of Bisrons, to the right hon. Jacob, earl of Radnor, the present lessee of it.

www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-kent/vol8/pp152-188

-------------------------------------------

Saint Eanswith (Old English: Ēanswīþ; born c. 630, Kent, England. Died c. 650, Folkestone, England), also spelled Eanswythe or Eanswide, was an Anglo Saxon princess, who is said to have founded Folkestone Priory, one of the first Christian monastic communities for women in Britain. In 2020, osteoarchaeologists were given the opportunity to examine the remains of a skeleton long thought to be the remains of St. Eanswythe. They concluded that the bones belonged to a young female. Radiocarbon dating confirmed that the remains were from the mid-7th century, adding to the evidence that this may well be St. Eanswythe. The results of DNA and isotope analysis are pending. It can never be proven that the remains are St. Eanswythe but the evidence certainly indicates that this could be the case. If so, these are the earliest remains yet discovered of an English saint, and of a relative of the British monarch.

Tradition has it that Eanswith founded the Benedictine Folkestone Priory, the first nunnery in England. She was supported in this by her father, Eadbald, who ruled as king of Kent from 616 to 640 CE.[4]

While the monastery was under construction, a pagan prince came to Kent seeking to marry Eanswythe. King Eadbald, whose sister St. Ethelburga had married the pagan King Edwin two or three years before, recalled that this wedding resulted in Edwin's conversion. Eanswythe, however, refused.[5]

This was the first women's monastery to be founded in England. St. Eanswythe lived there with her companions in the monastic life, and they may have been guided by some of the Roman monks who had come to England with St. Augustine in 597.

She remained at the abbey until her death.[5]

The first monastic site became abandoned by the 10th century, and began to be eroded by the sea, a problem which also afflicted a new foundation of 1095. A site further inland was provided for a new foundation of Folkestone Priory by William de Abrincis in 1137, with a church dedicated to St Mary and St Eanswythe. Saint Eanswith's day falls on September 12.[6] Traditionally, this is the date on which her remains were translated to the new church in 1138. The priory was closed at the Reformation, and the Church became Folkestone Parish Church. During restoration work at the church in 1885 human remains were discovered in a lead reliquary, embedded within the church wall, which were identified as a 12th-century vessel, and the bones of a young woman.[7] This led to the conclusion that they could be the translated relics of Saint Eanswith, hidden away at the Reformation.[8] A new expert analysis by historians and archaeologists concluded in March 2020 that the remains are almost certainly that of Eanswith.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eanswith

problem catur 3 langkah mati

UHA Untersuchungshaftanstalt des Ministeriums für Staatssicherheit in the former DDR - Berlin Hohenschönhausen

Young labrador.

Photo by Greg Shine, BLM, April 7, 2016.

As a result of amendments to the Wild Free-Roaming Horse and Burro Act in 1976 and 1978 which addressed problems created by the growing populations on the range, BLM identified appropriate management levels and developed a process to remove excess animals. The need for the corrals became apparent when wild horse and burro populations on public lands increased to such numbers that more intensive management became necessary. Animals removed from the Oregon range are brought here and prepared for the adoption program. Periodically, wild burros from California and Arizona are also brought here for adoption.

Facility Operation

Wild horses are brought off the range to the corrals where they are immediately separated into pens by age and sex. The mares with foals are kept together while weanlings and yearlings, dry mares, studs, and geldings are kept in their respective, separate pens.

Within a short time of their arrival, the horses are given a health inspection by a veterinarian. Animals with any injuries or disease are treated immediately. All animals are prepared for adoption in the chute area located under the barn where they are checked for age, vaccinated against disease, wormed and freeze marked. Horses are aged by inspecting their teeth.

Wild Horse Corrals

The horses are vaccinated against such diseases as Rhinopneumonitis, influenza, tetanus, sleeping sickness, strangles, Rabies, and West Nile Virus. The animals are also wormed to rid them of internal parasites. If animals are kept for long periods of time, their hooves are trimmed periodically, as the ground in the pens and pastures is soft and hooves do not wear down as readily as they did when the horses lived on the range and roamed over rougher terrain.

Wild Horses Feeding

The pens near the barn are used as working pens where horses and burros are separated for various reasons whether for shipping, health inspections or viewing for adoption. Note the numerous gates, small side pens, wings and alleyways which make it easier to work with the animals. The larger holding pens are to the north and are connected to the working pens and alleyways. The horses and burros are kept in these pens unless they are to be shipped out in a very short time. The eastern pens are reserved for female animals and the western pens hold the males. The large barn and handling facility was built in 2001 to replace the old wooden barn which was lost to fire.

Adoption and Tours

Before horses and burros are shipped to other adoption centers or picked up by adopters at the corrals, they are given a final brand and health inspection by a veterinarian. When the adopters transport their chosen animals from the corrals, an adoption fee is collected to help defray expenses. If the animals are shipped to another location before being adopted, the fee is collected at those locations.

Organized tours of the wild horse corrals and facilities are available upon request. They can be scheduled for just a few people as well as larger groups. We welcome the opportunity to explain the various aspects of the wild horse program whether it concerns range management, roundups, preparation at the corrals or the adoption program.

If you are interested in adopting a wild horse or burro or taking a tour, please visit the corral facility, stop by the BLM office at 28910 Highway 20 West in Hines, or give us a call at (541) 573-4400. We will be glad to explain the process and requirements for adoption. A brochure is available that specifically explains the Adopt-A-Horse Program.

‘Cause there's no salvation for a bad girl

We’re rock bottom

But there ain’t no stopping

‘Cause they don’t know nothing about love

We’re hell raising

And we don’t need saving

‘Cause there's no salvation for a bad boy

We’re rock bottom

But there ain’t no stopping

‘Cause its you and me against the world

I’m your dream girl

This is real love

But you know what they say about me…

That girl is a problem

Girl is a problem

Girl is a problem, problem

Oh Baby

You so bad boy

Drive me mad boy

But you don’t care when they say about me…

That girl is a problem

Girl is a problem

Girl is a problem, problem

How would you describe the problems and solutions in this scenario?

Adler's planetarium

squared

The passengers on board 1F64 Scarborough to Liverpool Lime street have just disembarked as the train was terminated at Huddersfield on February the 25th 2020. The train manager described the issue as a Health and Safety problem with the train doors.

Crutches are a great tool to heal different foot problems. Podiatrists offer in their offices crutches so patient can begin their healing process as they leave the office.

Kristen Stewart suffered a foot laceration from stepping on a glass. Crutches are offering rest to her foot so it can heal faster. Weight bearing and ambulatory make plantar wounds painful, to take longer to heal and can result many complications. Complication include: infections and painful or hyperthrophic scars.

Podiatrist use crutches to heal things like:

Achilles tendonitis

Diabetic ulcers

Surgical wounds and osteotomies

Foot and Ankle sprains

Foot and ankle fractures

Flatfoot pain

Traumatic wounds

Dr Rolando M Melendez, DPM in Jamaica, NY and Hampton Bays, NY offers the equipment and experience to diagnose and treat many foot and ankle conditions. Because we want you to keep doing all the fun things you like to do without having pain in your feet!

www.facebook.com/rolandomelendezdpm?ref=stream

www.yelp.com/biz/rolando-m-melendez-dpm-hampton-bays-2

www.healthgrades.com/physician/dr-rolando-melendez-g8r5s

www.wellness.com/dir/6227541/podiatrist/ny/jamaica/roland...

www.merchantcircle.com/business/Michael.Katz.DPM.7187235616

www.thirdage.com/d/dr/d-2007714/jamaica/new-york/rolando-...

Problem?

Sorry it's late! Flash problems abound!

With all the November elections quickly approaching, CU is deliberating Modification 64 as well as the problem of legalizing marijuana in Colorado. General, after quitting smoking weed, you keep interpersonal and ought to continue to keep your brain chaotic and be away from weed. There are

www.howtostopsmokingweed.me/what-percentage-of-people-smo...

porta potties smell bad

dear kelly smith sometimes I wish I was as amy winehouse oriented as you are and now my dreams are coming true

Brilliant line, great work by Will. I did the RH finish after this as wasnt sure what was what, get pocket with the LH and head right. "The Lash Out?" the right finish was a bit harder. My grade calibrater is malfunctioning at the moment.

For great photographs and the low down on the G20 Summit, Protests and Demonstrations visit www.ravishlondon.com/g20

The world faces a problem: recession and a spiraling fall in trade. The Economist puts it like this, “Trade is contracting again, at a rate unmatched in the post-war period. This week the World Trade Organisation (WTO) predicted that the volume of global merchandise trade would shrink by 9% this year. This will be the first fall in trade flows since 1982. Between 1990 and 2006 trade volumes grew by more than 6% a year, easily outstripping the growth rate of world output, which was about 3% (see chart 1). Now the global economic machine has gone into reverse: output is declining and trade is tumbling at a faster pace. The turmoil has shaken commerce in goods of all sorts, bought and sold by rich and poor countries alike.” According to the Economist, “The immediate cause of shrinking trade is plain: global recession means a collapse in demand. The credit crunch adds an additional squeeze, thanks to an estimated shortfall of $100 billion in trade finance, which lubricates 90% of world trade.”

According to the Guardian, “On Thursday 2 April Gordon Brown is going to host the G20 summit in London. Leaders from 22 countries will be at the summit. The G20 is an organisation for finance ministers and central bankers, who in the past met once a year to discuss international cooperation in finance. There are 19 countries who are members: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. The 20th member is the European Union, which is represented by whichever country holds the EU presidency (currently, it's the Czech Republic). These countries represent 90% of global GDP, 80% of world trade and two thirds of the world's population. The IMF and the World Bank also attend G20 meetings, although technically the London event isn't a normal G20 meeting.”

This G20 meeting will be for the leaders of all G20 countries. According to the Guardian the policy agenda developed by the last G20 meeting “did not in fact go much beyond pre-existing international initiatives that had recently been developed in more technocratic international bodies.” According to the Guardian, “On the London summit website, the British government has explained what it hopes to achieve. At the summit, countries need to come together to enhance global coordination in order to help restore global economic growth. World leaders must make three commitments:

• First, to take whatever action is necessary to stabilise financial markets and enable families and businesses to get through the recession.

• Second, to reform and strengthen the global financial and economic system to restore confidence and trust.

• Third, to put the global economy on track for sustainable growth.

Gordon Brown has argued that the world must avoid protectionism. According to the Economist, “The World Bank says that, since the G20 leaders last met in November in Washington, DC, 17 of their countries have restricted trade. Some have raised tariffs, as Russia did on second-hand cars and India did on steel. Citing safety, China has banned imports of Irish pork and Italian brandy. Across the world, there has been a surge in actions against “dumping”—the sale of exports, supposedly at a loss, in order to undermine the competition. Governments everywhere are favouring locally made goods.” The Economist also says, “Kei-Mu Yi, an economist at the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, argues that trade has fallen so fast and so uniformly around the world largely because of the rise of “vertical specialisation”, or global supply chains. This contributed to trade’s rapid expansion in recent decades. Now it is adding to the rate of shrinkage. When David Ricardo argued in the early 19th century that comparative advantage was the basis of trade, he conceived of countries specialising in products, like wine or cloth. But Mr Yi points out that countries now specialise not so much in final products as in steps in the process of production.”

Protectionism in itself sounds bad – but it is a policy option available and used in all political economies – including the most liberal. Protectionism can also lead to a more self-sustainable economy, and can lead to the internal development of an economy, which means the economy is less reliant and dependent on external sources of finance. Development will be slower, but it can be more secure and sustainable. It is likely that if countries do operate protectionist policies it will be a short-term opportunist and populist response to workers and unions, but it could be seen as an alternative economic model of development. It worked in Brazil and Argentina during the 1960s and 1970s for a while, until a more neo-liberal and external finance model was preferred.

The Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva was reported on Channel 4 News to have told Mr Brown the crisis was caused by "white blue eyed people". This overtly racist remark has been noted, but there has been no visible backlash. It is interesting how the whole agenda about racism never applies to the dominant one, i.e. you can racially slur white people, and white people with blue eyes without anyone batting an eye lid, whereas if you racially slur other ethnic groups you can find yourself battered. I find this state of affairs deeply offensive to the human race in general, and very patronizing to those groups who don’t come from the dominant ethnic group (i.e. its almost to say the whole anti-racist thing is a way of patting you on the head and saying there, there – because when it comes to racism we don’t really give a shit – see the way we couldn’t give a f*** if you slur our own dominant white ethnic group).

The reality is that the summit will represent a reshuffling of position, support and dependencies between the world’s twenty richest countries. Spectators are expecting China to come out feeling puffed up and proud, given that China has faired relatively in recent years, or so we are led to believe. Meanwhile national demonstrations seem to be focusing our attention to the fact that a different way of working is needed. In fact it will be work as usual – the question is who will come out on top.

In anticipation of the G20 summit a demonstration was held in London. 10,000 were predicted to attend the demonstrations. The police reported 35,000. I was there at the demonstration and I don’t believe I saw 35,000 people walk past Big Ben – and I saw it from start to finish. As one commentator, on the Guardian observed, “Apart from the small contingent of student SWP calling 'One solution, Revolution' and about 20 anarchists making noise the spirit was generally depressed and lacking any anger or sense of direction.” Cognitator joked, “Perhaps the police were adding their number to the protesters. As opposed to taking them away as per usual.”

According to the Guardian, “The Put People First march yesterday was organised by a collaboration of more than 100 trade unions, church groups and charities including ActionAid, Save the Children and Friends of the Earth. The theme was "jobs, justice and climate" and the message was aimed at the world leaders who will be gathering for the G20 summit here this week.”

The march started on the Embankment. When I arrived there I walked around desperately finding somewhere where I could have a piss for free. I tried Starbucks and Costa Cofee, but they seemed to have no toilets, I even tried the stamp collectors fayre a subterranean culture of badly dressed old people, with poor eyesight and even worse posture, which was momentary distraction from my full bladder, but which did not provide the answer to my pressing problem as the toilet door was locked and for staff only. Stephen Moss writing for the Guardian said, “Westminster is not a great place for someone like me, who has a weak bladder, to go on a march. The public loos there cost an outrageous 50p a go. The Socialist Worker magazine-seller next to Embankment tube station is on to this in a flash. "50p to have a piss – a lesson in capitalism," he is soon shouting. Later, I'm pleased to see someone has punched a hole in the wooden sign advertising the price.” In the end I walked all the way to the National Portrait Gallery where you can always be assured a good quality toilet seat.

The Guardian continued, “The marchers, estimated at 35,000 by police, accompanied by brass bands and drummers and a colourful assortment of banners and flags, walked the four miles from Embankment to Hyde Park, where speeches from comedian Mark Thomas and environmental campaigner Tony Juniper, and music from the Kooks, made for a party-like atmosphere.”

The Guardian reported, “A group of fewer than 200 anarchists joined the march and were kept isolated and surrounded by police. Chants of "Burn the bankers!" were the closest anyone came to any show of aggression.’ Yes I witnessed this, it was clear that the anarchists, dressed in black, some of them with scarves covering their faces, generally looked cool as fuck, like some post-nuclear vigilante gang, their black signifying the dark depressing reality from which humanity starts, and the point from which they wish to depart. Whether the police presence was heavy is debatable but they certainly had a line of police accompanying them, whereas no other group were honored with such a presence. Of the anarchists Stephen Moss says, “I fall in with some anarchists halfway through the march – a delightful young Greek called Alex and an Italian, who is happy to talk about Bakunin, but is, I sense, a little suspicious of me. The anarchists march together – with the police flanking them in a way they don't with the rest of the march – and I am intrigued that they never shout slogans or bang drums. Their mission is a serious one.” Moss goes on, “Alex tells me a reporter from the Sunday Times has already approached him to ask why anarchists wear masks. "Work it out for yourself – you're a journalist," he'd told him. "People always ask why we wear masks; they never ask about our ideology," he complains. In essence, that ideology is: power corrupts; all elites will be corrupt; so government should be by the people, for the people – a mass movement of the type they claim is emerging in South America. Hezbollah is also mentioned favourably, a movement they see as developing organically. "Organic" is a key word for anarchists, and it would save a lot of aggro and bad press if they were called organicists rather than anarchists.” Good point. But who wants to be called an organicist? And in any case everything is organic really – its just that some organisms develop in a way we or anarchists done like and some do. To call anarchists, organic is to miss the point, anarachists are like Christian, they dream of a reality which transcends human nature as it is and known. Structure, corruption, self-interest and greed underpin all human activity – the question is not how we can do away with it, but how can we manage it in a fair way.

Stephen Moss wrote about the variety of organizations on the march. He said, “Socialist Worker has a three-point strategy: "Seize their wealth," "Stamp out poverty," "End all wars." Sounds good, but I can't work out exactly who "their" refers to. The Socialist party is hot on slogans, colder on the mechanism by which they are put into practice. The likely outcome to the current crisis still appears to be government by Etonians.” Most of these movements are nothing to do with instituting political change. The people involved in them do not want to genuinely change things. Instead what these groups function as is self-help groups for people, for whatever reason, feel that they have been wronged in life, probably at a personal level, and feeling quite hopeless about their personal wrongs, they want to transpose their personal woe on to a faceless, unintelligible other – the government, the state, the capitalist, the rich and the greedy. Its not so much that socialist workers and anarchists want to change things, they know they are completely ineffectual, and too screwed up and traumatized, too aggressive, unintelligent and incapable of engaging people into a different way of organizing; they just want to shout out to people ‘we hurt’. Fair enough.

The TUC don’t seem to be turning up to do anything more than saying ‘there there’ to threatened workers, and stating the downright bloody obvious to the government. Their message is “The importance of this summit cannot be underestimated. Unemployment and deprivation will grow massively over the next two years unless governments work together. People need to know that there is an international solution to this crisis. If the summit suggests that there is not, many will turn to nationalist and protectionist politics with all that implies for the global economy and world peace.” Mind you they do go on to say that, “But while the immediate response to the crisis will be at the forefront of the leaders' minds, the unprecedented Put People First coalition shows there is a huge appetite for a new economic direction. Thirty years of the increasing dominance of the neo-liberal agenda has got us into this mess. The summit must show that the next 30 years need to be about a renewed era of economic growth based on a much fairer share of the proceeds. One that is environmentally sustainable and one that does not end in the burst of yet another financial bubble.” But what are they really saying? Nothing much.

There is of course something about how all of this is just about having a laugh, getting a kick, getting an emotional fix. There’s something very similar to the way that some of the more violent groups get ready for a rumble with the police and football hooliganism. Football hooligans are much more honest about the emotional kick they get from fighting. The protestors pretend that they are doing it for the people. Whatever the so called reasons, it is clear that a lot of protestors enjoy confrontation. They are much more focused on the enemy and combating the enemy than they are on creating peaceful societies. So Stephen Moss makes the interesting observation, “When the march eventually gets to Hyde Park, the anarchists refuse to join the "TUC bureaucrats" for the official rally and hold their own open-platform meeting at Speakers' Corner, dominated by elderly men in hats who talk less about Bakunin than about beating up the BNP and confronting the police on the streets of Whitechapel. It's all a bit depressing (and expletive-filled – I take serious exception to the denunciation of "Oxbridge cunts"), though I like the fact that the elderly men refuse even to use a megaphone – only the ordinary human voice is organic enough.” The media and police have both hyped the April 2009 marches as like the possible end of the British way of life, of democracy, of capitalism. Nothing could be further from the truth, but its like we all want to will it to happen – we all are looking for excitement – war may be bad but peace is fucking boring – I once read.

The Guardian also reported, “Thomas told the Observer he believed the protest marked "the start of a grassroots movement". He added: "This is a moment. This is the first time people have had a chance to come out on to the streets in a big way." But this is nonsense. This was just an opportunity for a plethora of groups, amongst whom there are more differences, and the only thing that can unite them is a general concern for jobs, justice and climate, which incidentally are three themes that unite most of the country, and all the main political parties, to catch the government at a weak moment, and hope to build up support for whatever cause they have, on the back of the anger and desperation amongst people at this time.

The protest ended up in Hyde Park. I didn’t go, it was too cold and rainy, and although I did aim to walk there via a short-cut through Victoria, I ended up taking refuge in Westminster Cathedral, where I saw another procession, of Catholic priests and altar boys, who were holding a service for the Union of Catholic Mothers. I listened to the Catholic priests, they sounded much more happy and at peace with themselves and their surroundings, than the rankerous socialist bile spitting leaders.

People are blaming the bankers, but there is in actual fact no-one to blame for this. The this needs to be qualified too. The ‘this’ is the fact that people are loosing their jobs, consumption will have to be reduced. It is ironic that it is precisely that people are facing the prospect of lower consumption that they are out on the streets protesting against greedy bankers, it is not so much the greed of the bankers that people resent, so much as the increased consuming power of the bankers that they are envious of. The bankers are not to blame for working within a system, which promoted risky investments, a system which was encouraged and deregulated by politicians who realized that whilst the bubble was growing there were huge financial gains to be made from encouraging bankers to reap the rewards both for themselves but through the state through taxation, and politicians who were encouraged by the people who voted them in, who probably formed the majority of people marching in demonstration and protest today, who voted in the governments believing the deregulation of banks not to be a serious enough issue to vote against a government for, and realizing that even if it was a risk, whilst the bubble was growing, they were happy enough to see their elected government ensuring that the country got a share of the pie. We all contributed to this fucking mess – if you can call it a mess – its only a mess for those who no longer have jobs and cannot consume so much – by voting in the government, who deregulated the banks and encouraged the lending of our money several times over to riskier and riskier ventures which in actual fact were not producing anything of material benefit, but were instead relying on house prices going up and up, as more people poured their money into it. Now we are in deep shit, because Gordon Brown has poured what little remaining money we have, and we have on credit into the black hole – it has simply disappeared.

There are some people who are saying the bankers should pay for the crisis they created. It doesn’t work like that – it works by people putting their money into a bank – and entrusting the bank to invest it wisely. Where the bank looses the money – the original investor looses the money. This creates a motivation on behalf of the investor to invest wisely, e.g. on the basis of what we know right now investing in Barclays rather than Lloyds TSB or the Royal Bank of Scotland. However reality begins to change once one’s livelihood is threatened – now it is solely the banker’s responsibility to have invested the money wisely, the public who invest their money into the banks are seen to be helpless, powerless twits, whose securities should have been looked after by a paternalistic and caring banking sector. So for example, according to Fox New, “Berlin police estimated that around 10,000 people gathered in front of the capital's city hall and more than 1,000 in Frankfurt, Germany's banking capital, for similar demonstrations under the slogan: "We won't pay for your crisis." Its not a crisis – its just that there are now lots of personal crises – the public didn’t bother to check whether their banks were investing their money properly or wisely and now they are paying for it. But the banks aren’t responsible for this – they really aren’t.

We have two problems. The first was created by the fact that banks lent out our money several times over – so we thought the country was several times as wealthy as it actually was. This led to inflationary pressures especially in the housing market – where the same money was lent to several different people – all investing in housing leading to unrealistic housing prices. We now realize we have a fraction of the wealth we thought we had. This creates deflationary pressures – i.e. where everyone has less money prices are reduced. This problem can be solved by creating a soft deflationary landing to a level where the price of labor and goods reflects the value of the money we have not the value of the money we have and we loaned. This means everyone has to accept lower wages – we can either do this peacefully based around a consensus and agreement between corporations, banks, trade unions or governments – or we can do it aggressively – letting perfectly good companies whose workers refuse to take pay cuts go to the wall – and then watch as millions of unemployed people try to reform and reorganize new companies and enterprises.

The second problem is that banks are no longer making such risky investments – so they are not looking to lend their money on to others – which means there is less money to be lent to people – which means less activity and less economy. We have to get used to less activity – but at least the activity will be invested in activities which are genuinely producing material benefit for people – not leading to an apparent generation of wealth – which is the artificial effect of lending x amount of money to people ten times, making it seem that we are ten times as rich as previously – when actual fact we are equally as wealthy – but with prices ten times as high. We should have also let the banks go to the wall – and started again with a heavily regulated banking sector – which was not allowed to lend out peoples’ money irresponsibly. No-one wants to have to feel the pain from this – i.e. the rich bankers who keep their pensions and bonuses, the people who have banked with them who want to keep their savings, and the businesses who are funded by the banks who want to hang on to their business and jobs. So what Gordon Brown is doing, is in the name of the people, funneling money into the banking system, paying for the debts, and thus, keeping the bankers sweet, keeping the investors sweet, keeping the businesses sweet. Who looses out? All of us – the poor! They never really had anything to loose in the first place, however whilst Gordon Brown borrows money to give to the banks so they can lend to businesses and pay bankers bonuses and salaries, we move a step closer to becoming bankrupt – i.e. not being able to borrow any more money because no-one believes we can pay it back. Once we become bankrupt, social services and welfare will be cut.

According to Gaby Hinsliff, “Many economists believe a recovery now requires bursting that artificial bubble and rebalancing the economy so that Chinese consumers are encouraged spend a little more - reducing America's trade deficit - and Americans a little less. Malloch Brown suggests Britons, too, will need to relearn the art of saving.”

According to the Guardian, “But Scotland Yard is expecting a greater challenge on Wednesday 1 April, dubbed "Financial Fools Day", with a series of protests aiming to cause disruption in the Square Mile and elsewhere.” The Guardian says, “On 1 April an alliance of anti-capitalist groups called G20 Meltdown is organising a carnival headed by "Four Horsefolk of the Apocalypse", which will converge in front of the Bank of England. Anarchists are planning to target the second day of the summit at ExCel. Other groups mounting demonstrations include Climate Camp, the Stop the War Coalition, and Government of the Dead. An alternative summit will be held a few hundred yards from the ExCel centre at the University of East London.”

The alternative G20 summit website provides the following manifesto: Can we oust the bankers from power? Can we get rid of the corrupt politicians in their pay? Can we guarantee everyone a job, a home, a future? Can we establish government by the people, for the people, of the people? Can we abolish all borders and be patriots for our planet? Can we all live sustainably and stop climate chaos? Can we make capitalism history? YES WE CAN!

According to the Daily Telegraph, “The G20 conference will lead to a London "lockdown" next week, with parks, roads and businesses closed to keep world leaders safe, Government officials are warning.” The media are really building this up, as an attempt to build readership and sell advertising. Its interesting how a force created by the desire to advertise and promote consumption causes papers to distort and promote a threat and confrontation to the very system upon which it is built. The Daily Telegraph article continues, “Protesters with armed with buckets and spades are among several thousand people who are planning to bring chaos to the heart of central London.Last night it emerged that City workers were being advised to "dress down" next week to avoid drawing attention to themselves.”

To anyone really wanting revolution bear in mind these words from Stephen Moss, “Changing society is hard, and usually starts with a split in the elite. The English civil war and the French revolution both began with a fissure in the governing classes; their falling-out created the space for populist movements to develop. For a grassroots movement to effect change is enormously difficult. It was only possible in Russia in 1917 because of the devastation wrought by war.”

The reality of the demo was perhaps best summer up by ‘one789’ who said, “My experience of the demo, in talking to people and observing, is that no one had any real clue of why they were there. They recognise 'blame the bankers' to be futile and a distraction, think capitalism 'is rubbish' and 'want change', but say nothing beyond that.I at least expected a high degree of frustration and anger, but more than anything what came across was disillusionment and confusion. But then, that's what you get I suppose from such a middle-class yummy-mummy bleeding-heart rally.”

As rabbit95 said, “Be glad we live in a society free enough to protest and where, apart from the police possibly taping your presence at such a demo, there will be no comeback.”

www.g20.org/

www.londonsummit.gov.uk/en/summit-aims/summit-progress/

www.altg20.org.uk/

www.economist.com/opinion/displayStory.cfm?story_id=13362...

www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=13362027

www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/mar/29/g20-protests-london

www.guardian.co.uk/world/gallery/2009/mar/28/g20-protest-...

www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/video/2009/mar/28/g20-su...

www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2009/mar/28/g20-protest

www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/mar/29/g20-summit-globalisa...

www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2009/mar/25/g20-q-a

news.google.co.uk/news?q=G20+summit+London+2009&oe=ut...

www.londonsummit.gov.uk/en/

www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/financetopics/g20-summit/5050...

www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/mar/29/g20-summit

www.londonsummit.gov.uk/en/global-update/cp-china/active-...

www.londonsummit.gov.uk/en/summit-aims/summit-progress/qu...

www.channel4.com/news/articles/politics/domestic_politics...

www.channel4.com/news/articles/politics/international_pol...

For great photographs and the low down on the G20 Summit, Protests and Demonstrations visit www.ravishlondon.com/g20

So I was tagged by our Flickr friend Aphroditee for the Flickr group "I've Been Tagged! (New Year! New Game! - 9 in '09) "

Here I go, a little piece of me ...

1) I think I am insane because I hear Crickets in my mind ….. No wait …. I do hear crickets in the dead of winter. Why you may ask? Because my buddy went on holidays and asked me to look after his lizards. No problem said I (Idiot!). What do they eat I asked? Crickets, he said! Now I have a tank of lizards beside my computer full of crickets that Won’t Shut Up !!!!

2) Even though I love photography, I cannot stand self portraits. Kind of ironic considering the number of candid people shots I like to take. I actually had to dig through my archives to come up with some shots of myself.

3) I love a good steak but my favourite meal is Ox Tail ( a wonderful Jamaican dish)

4) My favourite job was when I worked as a “Lubricator” in a steel mill. I think the best thing I liked about that job was being in a bar and being asked “What do you do for a living?”

5) My worst job … Kentucky Fried Chicken … I couldn’t eat KFC for about 20 years after, as a matter of fact I still don’t!

6) What do I do now? I work with pictures of sorts MRI, CT, Xray … blah,blah,blah.

7) My dream job … a National Geographic photographer … I guess I’ll keep on dreaming!!!

8) I think I am addicted to buying old rangefinders. I love the feel of them, no plastic, heavy metal, the fun of running a roll of film through them and not knowing what you will get until they get developed. Digital is too instant, immediate gratification.

9) Love sports, soccer, hockey, running. Love coaching kids as it is very rewarding to help them develop.

10) What do I hate about sports … someone who tries to dish it out but can’t take it, just get off the field.

11) I could go fishing for a week, not catch a thing and still have an amazing time.

12) Love to listen to the likes of Jeff Buckley, Neverending White Lights, Robbie Robertson but like all types of music as I could go on and on here.

13) I would love to publish a book of my photographs which I would buy so at least it would have sold one copy.

14) I’ve travelled quite a bit, love Paris, Vienna, Amsterdam to name a few. I think my favourite to date is Barcelona

15) Just got 21 stitches out of my face … Ouch!

16) Didn’t think I could do this Cristal but guess what … I’m still boring … Ha, Ha!

Left-hand one is misbehaving. Right-hand one is better.

So that's annoying. New machine, set up with Marlin on RAMPS, the z-axis was always on (so the motors weren't released between layers). I thought that wasn't a bad idea, but it turns out that driving two motors (the z motors) continuously makes the stepper drivers go up to 110C, and they do a thermal cutout. Or at least, that's what it seems like. It manifests as the motors just not moving. When doing a "move 10mm" on the z-axis, it'll move, then just pause for a couple of seconds, before coming back on.

I have changed the row #define DISABLE_Z false in Marlin (Configuration) to true, and so it goes off between layers. I don't really trust microsteps to pickup where they left off, but at least it can print now. Also am going to add a fan to the electronics.

Bazıları problem sever

there IS NO SURGE ARRESTOR ON THE POLE!!! another problem on xcel,s grid

ROME ARCHEOLOGY: "The Tragedy of Line C: The World's Great Cities Have a Monumental Problem. By Building for the Future, Must They Erase the Past?" World Policy Journal 27, no. 4 (2010): 49-58.

Fonti / source:

Amanda Ruggeri. "The Tragedy of Line C: The World's Great Cities Have a Monumental Problem. By Building for the Future, Must They Erase the Past?" World Policy Journal 27, no. 4 (2010): 49-58.

findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb6669/is_4_27/ai_n5657739... (accessed May 1, 2012).

Foto: ROMA, Largo Lorenzo Perosi - Via Giulia. in: GOOGLE / MAPS (05/2012 [date 2010-11?]).

maps.google.com/maps?hl=en&tab=wl

_______________

ROMA ARCHEOLOGIA - Roma. Centro Storico. Largo Lorenzo Perosi - Via Giulia. Indagine archeologica preventiva all’autorizzazione del P.U.P. n. 138

(2009 – 2010 in corso). SSBAR / Roma (05/2012).

archeoroma.beniculturali.it/attivita/scavi/scavo-largo-pe...

Diario dello scavo archeologico:

archeoroma.beniculturali.it/node/388

Marzo 2009

Luglio 2009

Settembre 2009

Marzo 2010

Giugno 2010

Settembre 2011

________________

ROME - All roads leading to Rome are measured from a patch of grass in the middle of Piazza Venezia. Overlooking the square, a 400-foot monument celebrates the reunification of Italy. It was here, at the piazza, that Mussolini hung over a balcony and declared, to the electrified crowds below, a new Italian empire. Both the republican and imperial forums, with their triumphal arches and ruined temples, stand a few steps away. And at the end of the road leading southeast from the piazza, against the sky, looms the Colosseum.

But something else in the corner of this historic city center illustrates the spirit of a place enamored with the old while striving for the new--a metro stop turned excavation site.

For the past three and a half years, Rome has been building a new subway line underground to link the city's two other underground lines. Instead of skirting the historic center, Line C will drive right through it. The plan is convenient for locals and tourists alike, who currently have to ride the bus or walk to get from, say, the Colosseum to Piazza Navona, a distance of 1.6 miles. But by carving through the underbelly of the centro storico, the line also passes beneath neighborhoods that made up Rome's commercial and political center 2,000 years ago.

Most of these ruins--the heart and soul of ancient Rome--are 12 to 35 feet underground. To avoid them, the city planned to dig the subway tunnel nearly 100 feet below street level. However, entrances into the system are problematic. One stop originally planned for Largo Argentina, the site of four Republican temples and the theater where Julius Caesar was murdered, got scrapped. And when preliminary digs found ruins where planners initially wanted a Piazza Venezia metro stop, the city judged the remains so important that the Venezia stop will be built elsewhere.

The result? The proposed Line C that was meant to serve the centro storico may make hardly any central stops at all. Some locals aren't happy. "All of Rome has underground archaeological finds. So if we remain prisoners of manic conservationists, we cannot dig anywhere. Farewell subways," Mauro Suttora, an Italian journalist and editor, wrote on his eponymous biog. "A metro without stops--what sense does that make?" asked Mario Staderini, secretary of Italy's Radical Party.

Many of Rome's residents aren't surprised by the changes to the subway plan. They know it has to be this way. In a city that's littered with historic sites--the ruins of an empire that once made the Mediterranean into its private lake--the balance between modern development and historical preservation has never been easy. Urban planners and locals alike are used to facing down an increasingly prescient question: How to develop and modernize while still preserving a rich cultural heritage?

NOT JUST FOR THE ELITES

Without a city's residents fighting to protect their cultural heritage, even the best preservation policies can founder. Given their roots among the educated and wealthier classes, preservationists have had a historically difficult time appealing beyond elites. Many assume that urban preservation is just about aesthetics, an issue for people who don't have to worry about paying their rent or putting food on the table. But urban planners and conservationists insist this is not the case. Preserved buildings and neighborhoods help more than just the upper classes.

Some of it is simple math. Since knocking down an old building to build a new one costs money, the investor is faced with the challenge of how to recoup that outlay. A new structure's purpose, therefore, will likely be commercial or residential--in both cases targeting wealthier tenants. "Just using the existing buildings means you can actually afford to have poor people living in them, and that generates greater diversity, greater variety of cultural traditions. That in itself is worth value," says Scan O'Reilly, director of the Institute of Historic Building Conservation in Edinburgh. Historic areas also tend to have a greater variety of buildings, adding to the diversity of uses. This creates a range of professions and classes coming together, all making for a vibrant neighborhood.

On a practical note, older structures tend to be built to last. Take the trend of placing "maintenance-free" plastic windows in an 18th-century building that always used glass. The plastic windows cost less, but their lifespan is often 20 years at most, whereas the glass, if maintained correctly, could last for centuries. Old buildings are "green," particularly their thick stone walls doubling as natural insulation. Even compared to sustainable architecture, some old buildings come out ahead, particularly when you factor in the cost of bulldozing one building, trucking its materials to the landfill and replacing it with a new structure.

The least tangible reasons for preservation, though, might be the most important--primarily, historians say, the cultural and social aspects. "A sense of place is critical to a healthy community. So much 'sense of place' comes out of the built environment that we inhabit," says Don Linebaugh, director of the University of Maryland architectural school's historic preservation program. "So it's a form of identity, both personal and political and national...and [it] can have a huge impact on the way we live our lives."

INTERNATIONAL CHALLENGES

In the past few decades, archaeological remains and historic sites have faced ever larger, seemingly unstoppable threats that can destroy old neighborhoods faster than any amount of water seepage. These new dangers include rapid urbanization, uncontrolled development and invasive tourism. And they all are rooted in the same modern phenomenon--globalization. Every city on earth now takes part in the world economy, and historic cities are particularly vulnerable to the real estate and tourism markets. Even in cities like Rome, where urban residents want to protect their cultural heritage, historic buildings are under threat. Residents enjoy increasingly less power over how their cities look and function.

These are relentless pressures, and conservationists hasten to argue that they aren't fighting simply to freeze cities in time. Instead, they use the catchphrase "controlled change." Controlled change means avoiding unregulated, rapid development. As long as development occurs--and, to keep a city thriving, it should--investors and urban planners need to pay close attention to how new structures fit in with the rest of the city. Instead of knocking down an old neighborhood to build a strip mall, for example, old buildings could be carefully repurposed to provide more shops.

Yet viewing urban development through the lens of preservation, while trying to wed both efforts, is relatively new and quite tricky. After all, it's not enough to have a perfectly preserved 14th-century church if its surrounding medieval neighborhoods are being razed to build skyscrapers. Nor is it a job well done to keep a medieval neighborhood, but squeeze out the residents and businesses that give it character. It's a fine balance--keeping a city modern, but not over-commercialized; preserved, but not Disneyfied.

"Cities are living bodies," says Lodovico Folin-Calabi, program specialist at the UNESCO World Heritage Centre. "You can't freeze them into museums, and you can't prevent development. What you can do is put together a platform of good principles."

International associations like UNESCO and the World Heritage Committee are adapting solutions against increasingly global urban challenges. The World Heritage Committee is compiling a new list of recommendations for cities, Folin-Calabi says. This "toolkit," set to be adopted in 2011, will update a set of 1976 recommendations. The new list aims to help cities balance preservation with development.

The United Nations created the World Heritage Committee, the most influential international preservation agency, in 1972 in reaction to two major threats. The first was Egypt's plan to build the Aswan High Dam, which would have flooded the Abu Simbel valley along with its 3,000-year-old Temple of Ramses II and 2,000-year-old Sanctuary of Isis. UNESCO launched an $80 million campaign in 1959 to move the temples higher to dry ground. The second threat was flooding that nearly destroyed Venice in 1966. Again, UNESCO stepped in. Six years later, the Heritage Convention was adopted.

All 187 countries that signed the convention promise to conserve their cultural heritage--buildings or sites deemed to be of "outstanding universal value" from a historic, artistic or scientific point of view. Properties selected by the committee's panel of experts, one from each of the 21 different member states, are placed on the World Heritage list. There are 911 World Heritage properties today, including 250 in urban areas. Signatory nations have access to the World Heritage Fund, which provides restoration and preservation assistance. Just $4 million is available annually, but the visibility as a World Heritage site can attract funds from other national and international organizations.

Listed sites also have to submit any major development projects to the committee for analysis. If the committee decides the project is detrimental to the site's "outstanding universal value," it can be removed from the list. This might seem a small price to pay for a billion-dollar development contract, but urban planners and preservationists argue that the system can work. "The World Heritage Committee is acting like a schoolmaster," says Francois Vigier, president of the nonprofit Institute of International Development, which researches urban development in emerging economies. "That's a very healthy relationship," he adds.

Vigier points to the case of Old Damascus, a World Heritage site in Syria. In 2007, the local government announced it would redevelop Damascus' ancient center. Plans included turning King Faisal Street, a road dating back to the 8th century, into a 130-foot-wide highway, destroying shops and homes along the way. Preservationists, along with the local media, erupted in protest.

So did the World Heritage Committee. Although the street would run outside the walled city center--and, therefore, outside of official World Heritage-listed property--the committee's experts saw the neighborhood as a "buffer zone" around the Old City. Undermining the historical character of that district, they argued, would irreversibly damage the city's cultural value. And, they added, the larger suburban area is linked inextricably to the World Heritage-listed Old City because of the neighborhoods' shared histories, architecture, social patterns and commercial activities.

After the committee threatened to delist the Old City if development continued apace, plans to change King Faisal Street were withdrawn. But another project to dig up Damascus' oldest road, the Via Recta, to update its sewer system, continued--destroying the Roman columns that lined the street and triggering the collapse of several houses. Although the committee demanded Damascus run archaeological impact assessments before continuing, the damage had already been done.

By contrast, that same year, construction began on a four-lane, 2,100 foot bridge across the Elbe River in Dresden, Germany. Supporters, including the municipality itself, said the bridge was necessary to ease traffic congestion. Opponents said it would damage the ecology of the area and spoil the beauty of the Elbe River Valley. Negotiations stalled. In 2009, the World Heritage Committee pulled the Elbe Valley from its list. The bridge remains under construction.

"Our international experts assessed that the outstanding universal value of the site, because of the works, was irremediably lost," says Folin-Calabi. He points out that while only two sites, the Elbe Valley and Oman's Oryx Sanctuary, have been pulled from the list, both removals occurred in the past three years. "There is a trend of being a little bit more severe," he says.

ROME: IMPERFECT PRESERVATION

In many ways, the city of Rome is one of the world's best examples of controlled change. While new construction occurs, it's only allowed after thorough review. Rome's residents are, for the most part, acutely aware of the need to preserve their ancient ruins and historic neighborhoods. This is typical of Western Europe, where most people seem to accept the importance of urban preservation, or at least carefully weigh its value against development. Even so, the battle--to raise funds, recruit personnel, and combat global pressures--is still being fought.

Much of Rome's ability to control change comes from strongly established legal protections. Italy's most recent (and exhaustive) law on heritage, passed in 2004, states that "cultural properties may not be destroyed, damaged or adapted to uses not compatible with their historic or artistic character or of such kind as to prejudice their conservation." The English translation of the law is 153 pages. The statute also defines punishments, including imprisonment of up to one year and a fine of up to 38,734.50 [euro] for removing, modifying or restoring those properties. Of course, for many sites, legal protections come too late. Since the end of the 19th century, Rome's historical center--3,460 acres in all--has lost some 250 acres of buildings and 1,730 acres of gardens, vineyards and open space.

Furthermore, developers need permits for every step of the process. Even if a builder obtains a permit to knock down one building and put up a new one, the site's subterranean value must first be surveyed. By reviewing past studies, making exploratory trenches, or (usually) both, archaeologists can get a fairly clear picture of what might be under the ground. And when they find ruins, as they nearly always do in the centro storico, construction grinds to a halt and excavation begins. Only when it's completed--and only if the ministry of culture and the municipality determine that the findings are not important enough to scrap the project--can development resume.

While the safeguards sound strong in principle, in practice, the government attempts to simplify the process and minimize protections, explains Elizabeth Fentress. Fentress, an archaeologist who has worked in Rome for 30 years and is the president of the International Association for Classical Archaeology, says that the builders' lobby in Italy is particularly influential. "The real war is between the current government, which regards antiquities as a pain, and the sopraintendenza [ministry of culture] and the public, who care," Fentress says. Some residents, for example, are upset over the planned parking lot off Largo Lorenzo Perosi in the centro storico. The underground, multistory lot is a stone's throw from Via Giulia, a road that was built by Pope Julius II in 1508, designed by Bramante and punctuated with famous buildings like the Palazzo Farnese and Church of San Giovanni dei Fiorentini. Local residents protested the project, fearing damage to the area's beauty and, possibly, to the foundations of the historic buildings themselves. Some archaeologists were wincing as well, particularly since testing revealed several-hundred-year-old ruins. But after years of wrangling--the parking lot first got the tentative go-ahead back in 2004--the project was given the definitive green light this April. That surprised many, given that another multilevel car park, originally planned for the Pincian hill overlooking Piazza del Popolo, was called off in 2008 to avoid destroying ruins and undermining both the hill's Aurelian walls and its scenic 19th-century walkway.

SHREDDING THE FABRIC

Rome's major challenge, though, is not the threat of modern development--it is preserving a cultural heritage already exposed to the vagaries of a modern city. After all, as soon as a site is unearthed, it starts deteriorating. "It's not like the American situation, where most of your cultural heritage sites are in museums. These things are outside. There's a slow path of decay that's going to be taking place, no matter what," says Darius Arya, a Rome-based archaeologist and director of the American Institute for Roman Culture. "The best thing you can do, if you want to preserve these sites, is just have them buried." But that's not practical--or in line with the spirit of a city so renowned for the tangibility and accessibility of its past.

Instead, conservationists can only limit the amount of damage by fencing off delicate areas or opening sites to visitors at certain times of the year. But to undo inevitable wear and tear, restorations and repairs are necessary. And in Rome, as elsewhere, the major difficulty is resources. The cash just isn't there. Italy's current debt runs to more than 115 percent of its gross domestic product, and the ministry of culture's budget has been cut by 280 million [euro] through 2012, bringing the proportion of its budget Italy spends on culture to just 21 cents of every l00 [euro].

Rome has already witnessed the effects of these limited resources. Part of the Domus Aurea--the fantastical palace erected by Emperor Nero in the first century--collapsed earlier this year, even though the city had long been aware of water damage to the structure. The Aurelianic Walls have collapsed several times in the past decade, despite frequent calls for an overhaul. And in May, three chunks of mortar fell off the Colosseum--hurting no one, but underscoring the need to better protect the nearly 2,000-year-old site. Weeks later, Rome announced that it was searching for private sponsors for a 25 million [euro] restoration of the amphitheatre.

Meanwhile, the cultural fabric of the city is under threat. Though less tangible than the Colosseum or Forum, Rome's culture is just as important to residents and preservationists, who have widened their definition of conservation in recent years.

Sitting in his flat near Piazza del Popolo, Rome-born archaeologist Francesco Siravo details the changes he's seen to the city over the past several decades. When he first moved into his apartment more than 12 years ago, his narrow street still claimed a number of artisans' workshops. Today, with rents sky-high, all the artisans have fled. And the shops themselves, which once featured traditional decor, have been altered for modern purposes. "I don't think there is a long-term vision for what we want these areas to be," Siravo says.

He particularly fears Rome going the way of a city like Venice. While Venice has retained much of its architectural heritage, it has become a fantasy of what it once was. The rising cost of living has forced old-time residents out and shuttered schools and shops. From 136,000 inhabitants in 1978, only 60,000 are left in Venice today. "In 2030 someone will cut the ribbon of a ghost town," a reporter wrote for La Repubblica in 2006, estimating that by then, "They'll open the gates in the morning and close them in the evening, and it will not be a scandal, but will be normal, to charge a ticket to enter."

With bustling business and government sectors, it's unlikely that Rome will become a city only for show anytime soon. But as the city continues to modernize and commercialize, and as its historic sites continue to require restorations and repairs, it's not a stretch to think that the centro storico of Rome, too, will change irrevocably in the next few decades--with more international chains and modern buildings, and fewer artisanal shops. After all, even the Champs Elysees in Paris, long among the world's most fashionable addresses, is now lined with fast food parlors and airline offices.

LG says I'm the observant one, but she had to point out to me the problem with this ad. Do you see it?

(SPOILER in comments below -- don't read until you want to know the answer!)