A comparison of pheophrbide-a with chlorophyll (bay-leaf extract in ethanol). This also shows the effects of self-absorption of the shorter wavelength emission.

Sonata Vario and Memo acoustic absorbers installed within the foyer of the Oriental Institute building at Oxford University. Many thanks to Phil Rust at the Oxford University Estates Directorate for his help with this project

06 August 2017

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Ventura, CA

A little self-awareness goes a really long way.

It’s totally different than self-absorption. I remember times where I directed way too much energy towards trying to craft some sort of image, to come across as a certain way, or to impress the right groups of people. It’s amazing how much time you can spend thinking about yourself without self-awareness.

Self-awarness takes honesty. Knowing your natural strengths, weaknesses, motivations, and tendencies can be such a difference-maker. The more I’ve understood these things about myself, the more I’ve understood the best ways for me to help people, things I should commit to that challenge me, and why the same event might trigger different reactions from me than other people I’m close to.

I’ve learned to embrace my adventurous side, while realizing that the things that grow me more are long term, patience-testing commitments. I’ve learned to appreciate the fact that I’m an inevitable optimist without expecting the same amount of belief from other people.

Everyone has their own path to growth, but it’s so much easier to commit to growth when you know your starting points.

This figure shows a full calculation of the mica fringe pattern using the methodology presented by R. Swanepoel, 1983, J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum. 16, 1214. (orange line). The observed data are shown as the blue line (visible JAZ spectrum) and the blue x (NIR NIRQUEST spectrum - which does not resolve the fringes below about 1100nm).

In the calculation, the absorption coefficient (giving the imaginary part of the refractive index) has been determined from transmission measurements (green line) of a thicker (0.63 ± 0.02 mm) mica flake.

For simplicity, I have used a value for n (the real part of the refractive index) which is a linear function of wavelength. This is not a very good approximation and should really be replaced by a more appropriate functional form. However, the model is a respectable fit to the data.

The black dots show the interference order calculated by the simple geometrical formula for transmission maxima (no phase change of pi as in reflection) are given by:

2 n d cos(beta) = m Lambda_t

where n is the refractive index (using the same linear function), d is the mica thickness, beta is the angle of refraction (inside the mica) = zero in this case, m is the order of the interference and Lambda_t is the wavelength of maximum transmission.

In this plot, the order, m, runs from 10 to 62.

This has been an interesting exercise for me in classical optics modelling and is, of course, very relevant for problems such as 'fringing' in CCD imaging.

Function: protection, secretion, absorption

Location: linings of uterus, stomach and intestines

Epithelial Tissue

Just like a bodybuilder, Buzzwole is often seen striking poses that show off its massive, abnormally swollen muscles. The creature’s body covered in red blood-like filled sacs with veins that are said to be as hard as steel. Buzzwole’s crushing power and unbridled rage give way to fearsome physical damage, and worst of all, a stabbing attack from its silver proboscis which can drain and steal opponents’ energy! This giant extra-dimensional anthropomorphic mosquito packs quite a pulverizing punch!

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The body's normal inflammatory response is a natural process and a contributor to many reactions that go on in your body. This response happens automatically and is not something you can control. The primary objective of the body's normal inflammatory response is to isolate and eradicate irritants and then repair surrounding tissue.

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This is another improvement on previous attempts to capture the weak and elusive luminescence spectrum of titanite (sphene). This sample was excited by a powerful (500mW) violet 404nm diode laser and the spectrometer protected with a yellow filter cutting at 500nm. The filter exhibits an orange continuum fluorescence which slightly contaminates the luminescence spectum of the crystal spectrum. The maximum contamination is shown by the grey line.

The emission lines are from rare earth elements (REE) and the elements terbium, erbium, europium, samarium and neodymium have been identified.

It was long believed that the journey to Compostela "was born" (or was "invented") in the 9th century, when the Christian world had the revelation of the tomb of Saint James, discovered there on the Cantabrian coast, south of the Spain. But then...

Why, thanks to many architectural and written landmarks, does it appear that this road constituted an initiatory path from the dawn of history? Men walked towards these distant shores in search of messages left by “Atlantean” navigators. ..

Why does the brotherhood of builders known as the “Children of Master Jacques” – its companion drawings are still visible at each stage – invoke not the Apostle but a Master Jacques, a stone worker who participated in the construction of the temple of Solomon, 900 years before Jesus Christ?

Finally, why these “correspondences” discovered by Louis Charpentier between the route of the road and the position of the stars?

Compostela is lost and finds itself in the double night of time and sky…

www.babelio.com/livres/Charpentier-Les-Jacques-et-le-Myst...

"Saint James was taken off on the 8th of the calends of April **, the day of the Annunciation of the Lord; his body was transported to Compostela, on the 8th of the calends of August **** Or, according to another version, had him beheaded without asking Herod for permission.

James was buried on the 3rd of the calends of January *, because the construction of his tomb lasted from August to January. The Church established that his feast would be universally celebrated on the 8th of the calends of August, which is a more suitable time. Now, after Saint James had been taken off, as reported by John Beleth, who carefully wrote the history of this translation, his disciples took his body during the night for fear of the Jews, put it on a ship; and leaving the care of his burial to divine Providence, they boarded this rudderless ship; under the guidance of the angel of God, they arrived in Galicia, in the kingdom of Louve. There was then in Spain a queen who really bore this name and who deserved it. The disciples unloaded the body, and placed it on an enormous stone, which, melting like wax under the body, was wonderfully shaped into a sarcophagus."****

The second paragraph of The Protoevangelium Of Saint James sets forth an extremely important principle which we as seekers for higher consciousness must take exceedingly seriously, although in modern times it is looked upon as abject superstition. The principle is quite simple: physical objects can be infused with negative or positive energies which will then be conveyed to wherever they are kept or to whoever touches or wears them. Those who regard this idea as superstition are themselves still living in the Middle Ages of Europe when it was believed that matter was solid, that wood was wood and stone was stoneand nothing more. In modern times we know quite well that everything is vibrating energy, that the only difference between wood and stone is the arrangement of the basic energy components or the pattern, in the sense of the arrangement of the energies or atomic particles. The enlightened have known this for time beyond calculation although the scientists have only recently come to realize it. Also, the substance of an object is much less than the amount of space within it.

Esotericists know that an object can be overlaid or infused with other energy patterns. That is, subtler energy fields can be introduced into the basic energy field of an object. These subtler energy fields will irradiate the space around it and may even be absorbed by other objectsincluding living beingsthat come near or touch them. Sometimes these energy implants are exhausted by absorption into other objects or into the space around them, or they may continually flow a seemingly inexhaustible current of the infused energies.

Saint Anna was aware that the infusion of energies can be accomplished at will by those who know how. This does, indeed, fall into the category of magic, if we consider magic as the ability to produce change by an act of will that is usually manifested through some type of ritual action or intense mental declaration. In this way it is truly possible to put a curse on an object so that whoever comes in contact with it will be affected by its destructive energies. We must not over-romanticize this idea and only think of such destructive infusion being done by malevolent magicians in elaborate regalia like the witch in Disneys Snow White. Objects can be infused with negative energies in other ways.

When we read in the Bible that sometimes the Israelites would destroy the possessions and cattle of those they conquered,7 we are shocked. But they did so because the group vibration of those people was so corrupted that anything they owned was magnetized with evil energies. This would extend to animals, as well. We are all familiar with the way pets become like their owners. Many of those nations that surrounded Israel had worshipped evil entities for generations, and the effect had entered into their psychic levels as a kind of evil psychic gene. They in turn polluted everything they owned. When Israel conquered an area they were not to eat any fruit from the treeseven newly-planted onesfor four years.8 So evil were the previous inhabitants, they had even perverted the vibrations of the earth in which the tress were growing. This may seem extreme, but only to those who have not applied themselves to observation of such phenomena.

Jewelry is often a conveyer of unwholesome energies. The legends of diamonds carrying a curse can be believed. Food, too, carries the vibrations of whoever prepares or serves it, which is why we must be careful to bless everything we eat. And we can see from all this how careful we have to be regarding anything in our environment.

Saint Anna told her maid: I fear that some wicked person has given it to you and you have come to make me a sharer in your sin. To state it bluntly, Saint Anna thought that her maid had perhaps prostituted herself and the headband was her payment. Having come to the maid because of a negative action, the object would vibrate with negative energies. Even those who do not believe in these things often use the term dirty money without understanding it. Money is especially potent, for it is the manifestation of concentrated life energies. Money from an evil source or gotten by evil action will enter into the life of those who receive it like poison into a bloodstream. The entire life of the recipient will become infected by it.

ocoy.org/original-christianity/unknown-lives-jesus-mary/p...

****"The disciples came and said to She-wolf, "The Lord Jesus Christ has sent you the body of his disciple, so that you may receive dead him whom you did not wish to receive alive. They then told her the miracle by which he had landed in her country without a rudder, and asked her for a suitable place for his burial. When the queen heard this, again according to John Beleth, she deceitfully sent them to a very cruel man or, according to other writers, to the King of Spain, in order to obtain his consent; but the king put them in prison. But while he was at table, the angel of the Lord opened the prison and let them go free. When the king heard about this, he hurriedly sent soldiers to seize them. A bridge over which the soldiers were passing collapsed and they were all thrown into the river. On hearing this, the king, who regretted what he had done and feared for himself and his people, sent the disciples to beg them to return to him, and allowed them to ask him for anything they wanted. So they returned and converted all the people of the city to the faith. When the disciples came to her to present the king's authorisation, she replied: "Take my oxen which are in such and such a place or on the mountain; harness them to a cart, carry the body of your master, and then, in whatever place you please, build as you please. But she spoke as a she-wolf, for she knew that these oxen were wild and untamed bulls; that is why she thought that they could neither be brought together nor harnessed, or that if they could be mated, they would run hither and thither, break the chariot, overturn the body and kill the drivers themselves. But there is no wisdom against God (Prov., XXI). These, not suspecting malice, climbed the mountain, where they met a dragon breathing fire; he was about to come upon them, when they made the sign of the cross to defend themselves and cut the dragon in the middle of the belly. They also made the sign of the cross on the bulls, which instantly became as gentle as lambs; they were harnessed, and the body of St James was placed on the cart with the stone on which it had been laid (275). The oxen then, without anyone directing them, brought the body to the middle of the palace of Louve, who was stunned at the sight. She believed and became a Christian. She dedicated her palace to the honour of Saint James and turned it into a church, which she endowed magnificently. She then ended her life practising good works. - Pope Calixtus tells us that a man from the diocese of Modena, named Bernard, was a captive chained up in a tower. The saint appeared to him: "Come," he said, "follow me to Galicia"; then he broke his chains and disappeared; the prisoner then hung his chains around his neck, climbed to the top of the tower from where he only had to make one jump without injuring himself, even though the tower was sixty cubits high. - One man, says Bede, had repeatedly committed an enormous sin; the bishop, not very reassured by absolving him in confession, sent the man to Santiago, giving him a certificate on which the sin had been written. On the saint's feast day, the pilgrim placed the cedula on the altar and prayed to Saint James to forgive him the sin through his merits; he then opened the cedula and found that everything had been erased; he gave thanks to God and to Saint James and publicly recounted the fact to everyone. - Thirty men from Lorraine, according to Hubert de Besançon, went to Santiago around 1080 and promised to help each other, except for one. When one of them fell ill, his companions waited for him for 15 days, but finally they all abandoned him except for the one (276) who had not made a promise. He kept him at the foot of Mont Saint-Michel, but in the evening the sick man died. The survivor was greatly frightened by the solitude of the place, by the presence of the corpse, by the night, which threatened to be dark, and by the ferocity of the local barbarians. That night, before sunrise, they travelled fifteen days and arrived at Montjoie, only half a league from Santiago. There the saint put them ashore and ordered them to summon the canons of Saint-Jacques to bury the pilgrim who had died, and to tell his companions that, having broken their promise, their pilgrimage would be worthless. The pilgrim carried out these orders, and his companions were very impressed both by the journey he had made, and by the words he told them had been spoken by Saint James.

According to Pope Calixtus, a German on his way to Santiago with his son, around the year of our Lord 1090, stopped to lodge in Toulouse with a host who got him drunk and hid a silver cup in his trunk. When they left the next day, the host pursued them like thieves, blaming them for stealing his silver cup. When they told him he'd have them punished if he could find the cup on them, their trunk was opened.

* It seems doubtful whether the opuscule on the miracles of Saint James belongs to Pope Calixtus. It is taken in its entirety from Vincent de Beauvais: Spécula Hist. liv. XXVII. - Césaire d'Hesterhach recites the following fact, liv. III, ch. LVIII.

and the object was found: they were immediately taken to the judge. There was a judgement pronouncing that all their assets were to be sold to the host, and that one of them was to be hanged. But as the 'father wanted to die in the son's place, and the son in the father's, the son was hanged, and the father continued on his way to Santiago in grief. Twenty-six days later, however, he returned, stopped beside his son's body and cried lamentably; when behold, the son tied to the gallows began to console him, saying: "Most sweet father, do not weep; for I have never been so well; to this day Saint James has sustained me, and he restores me with heavenly sweetness." On hearing this, the father ran to the town, the people came, untied the pilgrim's son, who was safe and sound, and hanged the host. - Hugues de Saint-Victor tells of a pilgrim on his way to Santiago de Compostela, when the devil appeared to him in the guise of the saint and, reminding him of all the miseries of the present life, added that he would be happy if he killed himself in his honor. The pilgrim grabbed a sword and immediately killed himself. And as the man in whose house he had received hospitality was considered suspicious, and was very much afraid of dying, the dead man immediately resurrected, and said that at the very moment when the devil, on whose persuasion he had given himself death, was leading him to the ordeal, the blessed James had come, snatched him out of the devil's hands and led him to the throne of the sovereign judge; and there, badly....

www.bibliotheque-monastique.ch/bibliotheque/bibliotheque/...

St. James, also known as James the Greater or Santiago in Spanish, was one of the twelve apostles chosen by Jesus Christ. He is often depicted as a fiery character, assertive, upfront, and honest.

James was born in the village of Bethsaida in Galilee, in what is now modern-day Israel. He was the son of Zebedee and Salome and the brother of the apostle John. Both James and John were fishermen by trade.

James, along with his brother John, was called by Jesus to become one of His apostles. They left their fishing nets and followed Jesus, becoming part of His inner circle of disciples.

Going on from there, he saw two other brothers, James son of Zebedee and his brother John. They were in a boat with their father Zebedee, preparing their nets. Jesus called them, and immediately they left the boat and their father and followed him. Matthew 4:21-22

James was known for his zeal and enthusiasm in serving Jesus. Along with Peter and John, he witnessed significant events in Jesus’ ministry, such as the Transfiguration and the raising of Jairus’ daughter. He was also one of the few apostles present during Jesus’ agony in the Garden of Gethsemane.

After six days Jesus took Peter, James, and John with him and led them up a high mountain, where they were all alone. There he was transfigured before them. His clothes became dazzling white, whiter than anyone in the world could bleach them. Mark 9:2-3

James son of Zebedee and his brother John (to them he gave the name Boanerges, which means ‘sons of thunder’) Mark 3:17

The nickname “sons of thunder” likely refers to the temperament and fervor displayed by James and John. It suggests that they had an ardent and zealous disposition, prone to passion and intensity in their beliefs. This nickname serves as a reminder of their strong personalities and the need for them to channel their energy and devotion in a manner aligned with Jesus’ teachings of love, forgiveness, and humility.

After the death of Jesus and the early days of the Christian community in Jerusalem, St. James traveled to the Iberian Peninsula (modern-day Spain). While preaching in Zaragoza, he encountered difficulties and faced little success in converting the locals from their Roman pagan traditions. In discouragement, he prayed by the banks of the Ebro River and encountered an apparition. The Virgin Mary, who was still alive at the time and living in Jerusalem, miraculously appeared to him on a pillar of marble.

Mary encouraged and reassured St. James, providing him with a wooden statue of herself and a pillar as a sign of her presence and support. She instructed him to build a church on the spot where the apparition occurred, which is believed to be the location of the Basilica of Our Lady of the Pillar, also known as the Zaragoza Cathedral-Basilica.

James’ martyrdom is a significant part of his story. According to early Christian tradition, James preached in Spain and then returned to Jerusalem. Around 44 AD, King Herod Agrippa I initiated a persecution against the early Christians, and James was one of the victims. He was beheaded, becoming the first apostle to be martyred.

About that time Herod the king laid violent hands on some who belonged to the church. He killed James the brother of John with the sword”. Acts 12:1-2

Legends surrounding James’ martyrdom and burial emerged in the centuries that followed. According to one tradition, his disciples carried his body back to Spain, where it was buried in what is now Santiago de Compostela. Another tradition says that after his execution, the disciples of St. James placed his body in a stone boat and set it adrift in the Mediterranean Sea. Angels then guided the boat to the shores of Galicia in Northwestern Spain, where he was later buried in the province’s capital (Santiago de Compostela).

In the 9th century, Pelayo, a hermit who lived in the region of Galicia, was praying when he saw a bright light shining down from the sky. Intrigued by the light, he followed its path until he arrived at a field.

There, Pelayo discovered a hidden tomb, in which he found the remains of a beheaded man, whom he believed to be the apostle St. James. Recognizing the significance of the discovery, Pelayo reported his findings to the local bishop, Theodomir. Accompanied by Pelayo, Theodomir went to the site to verify the claim. Upon seeing the tomb and the remains, the bishop proclaimed the discovery to be the burial place of St. James. The news quickly spread, drawing pilgrims from far and wide to pay homage to the apostle.

The city name, Santiago de Compostela, then holds significant importance. The word “Santiago” is derived from the Latin name “Jacobus” which translates to “James” in English. “De Compostela” indicates the geographical location and context of the city. It comes from the Latin term “Campus Stellae”, meaning “Field of Stars”. The term likely refers to a tradition that a bright guiding star appeared over the field where St. James’ tomb was discovered.

St. James became the patron saint of Spain and his symbol is the scallop shell, which is associated with pilgrims on the Camino de Santiago. He is often depicted as a pilgrim with a staff, a gourd, and a scallop shell.

The life of St. James embodies dedication to Christ, missionary zeal, and the spirit of pilgrimage. His legacy is celebrated by millions of pilgrims who undertake the Camino de Santiago each year, seeking spiritual growth and connection with the apostle and his teachings.

hiketheway.com/blog/story-santiago-saint-james

Knowledge of the life of St. John of Patmos (also known as the 'Theologian' or the 'Divine'), the author of the Book of Revelation, which includes the letters to the seven churches of Asia Minor, mostly comes from apocryphal stories recorded after his death. Christian tradition identifies him with Other New Testament figures of the same name, St. John the Evangelist, the traditional author of the Fourth Gospel who is also claimed to be St. John the Apostle. The accounts of the Gospels agree that the latter is the son of Zebedee; together with his brother James (the Greater), he decided to follow Christ while fishing in the lake Galilee. He became one of Christ's closest disciples and is said to have been with him on various significant occasions such as the Transfiguration and the Crucifixion. According to the Fourth Gospel, also known as the Gospel of John (In 19:26-27), on the cross:

When Jesus saw his mother and the disciple there whom he loved, he said to his mother, 'Woman, behold, your son'. Then he said to the disciple, 'Behold, your mother'. And from that hour the disciple took her into his home.

The disciple whom he loved is thought to have been St. John. He is said to have been martyred like his brother St. James and buried in Jerusalem. Another tradition holds that taking the Virgin with him, St. John traveled to Ephesus in Asia Minor, was exiled to the island of Patmos, wrote the Fourth Gospel and the Book of Revelation there and finally returned to Ephesus where he died and was buried. The second half of the first century was full of disasters for the early Christians. The Romans at first regarded Christianity as a new Jewish movement. Like the others it 'was expected to disappear or survive as a sect after the crucifixion of Christ.

When this did not happen and Christians began to challenge (probably not in quantity but in essence) the accepted doctrine of the Synagogue and Rome, its leaders were caught and eliminated. St. Stephen and St. James the less (the traditional brother of Christ) were stoned to death and St. James the Greater put to the sword. St. Peter and St. Paul were taken to Rome and executed. Many believers had to leave Palestine and seek shelter in other countries. It is during this period, probably during the Jewish Revolt (66-70) which ended with the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem that St. John, taking the Virgin with him, traveled to Ephesus.

At that time Ephesus probably had a population of over hundred and fifty thousand, which must have included a large number of Jews, and about a thousand or more Jewish and Gentile Christians. Following the Jewish Revolt, Jews and Jewish Christians of the diaspora began to lose their favorable position in Roman eyes and fall into disgrace. To the discontent of the Jews, the Gentile Christians, since they had not participated in the revolt, were treated better. However by this time the solid Christian communities established during the first missionary wave had been weakened by dissensions and declining numbers. On arriving in Ephesus, St. John was shocked to see how some Christians had compromised with pagan practices, a situation which he refers to in his first letter of the Revelation. This is addressed to the Christians in Ephesus.

The first part of the major ancient source which is thought to have narrated the arrival and first stay of St. John in Ephesus is lost. What survives relates mostly to his return from Patmos exile; how he began proclaiming the Gospel in Ephesus, his contests with both pagans and heretics among his own community, his miracles and his death there.

In the Book of Revelation St. John does not give any detailed information about the cause of his exile. He merely says that he was exiled to Patmos on account of the word of God and the testimony of Christ (Rv1 :9). Preaching was not a capital crime which would lead to banishment. As long as they did not cause disturbances the Roman administration allowed the people under their rule to worship whatever god or cult they chose. Christians were not regarded as criminals in Roman eyes but members of an illicit religion.

When he was serving as the governor of the province of Bithynia, the younger Pliny wrote to Trajan asking the emperor's advice on what to do with the Christians whose numbers kept on increasing. The governor admitted that although he executed Christians as his predecessors had done, he did not know the exact nature of their crime. Pliny's letter is the first documented account of Christian presence in Anatolia. Trajan, although in the course of time he changed his opinion, did not regard the Christians as dangerous.

In Ephesus it is probable that St. John was accused of being an agitator. Being the most prominent figure of his group he might have been chosen to serve as an example. The worst punishment reserved for criminals not sentenced to death, was to strip them of their civil rights and material possessions and banish them to a remote corner of the empire or to an isolated spot. If St. John had been accused of refusing to sacrifice to the imperial cult, especially the cult of Domitian (81-96) which was then established in Ephesus, this would have been a capital crime punishable by death. The huge edifice to the south of the state agora in Ephesus was the first temple of the imperial cult erected in Anatolia and its impact must have been on the Christians in this city.

A late Greek tradition has it that after arriving in Ephesus the story of St. John's miracles reached the ears of Domitian and he was called to Rome. Here his power was tested in front of the emperor by making him drink a cup of poison which killed a criminal but did not harm him, and by asking him to raise a girl who had supposedly been slain by an evil spirit. Domitian, impressed by what he had witnessed, decided only to banish him to Patmos. His banishment lasted until the death of the emperor.

A tradition popular only among Latin authors, relates that St. John was first taken to Rome as prisoner upon the order of the emperor and cast into a cauldron of hot oil at the Latin Gate (the origin of the feast of St. John' Port Latin' or at the 'Latin Gate,' May 6), but he came out unscathed.

The place chosen to banish St. John was one of the volcanic islands scattered in the Aegean about eighty kilometers south of Ephesus, and was used as a penal colony. A later Byzantine chronicle refers to the island as being 'deserted and uncultivated, covered with and made impassable by thorns and shrubs, and by reason of its aridity completely barren', St. John was exiled to Patmos together with his young disciple Prochorus, one of the deacons of the Jerusalem church (Acts 6:5). On the way to Patmos he rescued a boy who fell from the ship into the sea. The length of his exile is claimed to have been one and half, or five or fifteen years. During his stay there he did not stop preaching the Gospel and converting the inhabitants. A tradition has it that when his activity was heard at the Temple of Apollo, the priests asked help from a famous magician called Kynops whose most popular trick was to jump into the sea and come out after a while, unharmed. In front of the witnesses challenging St. John, he did the same.

St. John extended his arms in the form of a cross and prayed '0 Thou, who didst grant to Moses by this similitude to overthrow the Amalek, 0 Lord Jesus Christ, bring down Kynops to the deep of the sea; let him never more behold this sun, nor converse with living men', After a short while the petrified body of the magician surfaced as a rock on the water a short distance away. The local fishermen claim that to this day the bad taste of the shellfish caught around the rock derives from this magician. On Patmos St. John was unchained and free to go wherever he wished. It was in a grotto on Patmos that he wrote the Fourth Gospel and received the visions of the last book of the New Testament known as the Book of Revelation. Some of the imagery, for instance:

Then the sky was divided like a torn scroll curling up, and every mountain and island was moved from its place

(Rv 6:14)

or

Every island fled, and mountains disappeared

(Rv 16:20)

is thought to have been inspired by the island. The Book of Revelation gives few facts about St. John's life, except for the fact that he had a Jewish background and probably a priestly ancestry. So far as is known, he remained celibate. In art he is often shown as an old man on Patmos, seated and writing his book, standing or sitting in front of a cave and looking up into heaven, and writing or dictating to his disciple Prochorus. Sometimes he is shown sitting alone writing the Fourth Gospel. In such representations the inscription on the Gospel or open scroll in his hand or in front of his disciple Prochorus reads In the beginning was the Word (In 1 : 1). His attribute is an eagle, because his words carry the reader up to heaven and paper, ink, and a scroll are the common accessories of such compositions.

St. John's Patmos exile terminated with Domitian's death. However, his ship was wrecked on leaving Patmos and swimming on a cork St. John landed at Miletos; from there he went to Ephesus. Afterwards he is said to have governed the churches in Asia and given advice to their elders until his death in the reign of Trajan (98-117). The apocryphal tradition mentions that one day while preaching in the Temple of Artemis the altar and other objects in the temple and half of the temple itself, collapsed. Once he was challenged by Aristodemus, high priest of the Temple of Artemis, the Roman Diana, to show the superiority of the Christians' God by drinking out of a poisoned cup. When St. John made the sign of cross over the cup, the poison emerged in the shape of a serpent, and he drained the vessel.

St. John also restored to life two criminals under sentence of death who had been made to test beforehand the result of the poison. Having witnessed the miracle both Aristodemus and the proconsul of Ephesus are said to have accepted Christian faith. Among the other miracles he is said to have performed in Ephesus was the raising of Drusiana, a widow with whom he had lodged before he was exiled to Patmos. As her funeral passed by she sat up in her coffin at St. John's command and went home to prepare a meal for him. During his residence in Ephesus he is claimed to have gone to Smyrna where he won St. Polycarp to Christianity and made him the bishop of the city.

Another tradition claims that during his last years St. John built a hut on the isolated Ayasuluk hill and lived there and wrote the fourth book of the New Testament known by his name. He is thought to have died at a great age, claimed to have been a hundred and twenty, around the year 100 and to be buried on the hill. This may be the reason why he is sometimes depicted as a very old man with a long white beard, even when he is in the early years of his life in Palestine.

According to tradition, after his tomb was dug, he laid himself down in it and gave up his spirit. The following day his body was not found because presumably he had ascended to heaven. Another tradition claims that only his sandals were found and the earth over his grave was moving as if stirred by his breathing. The Latin tradition has it that after his prayer there appeared over him a great light at which no one could look; then he laid himself down and gave up his ghost. Immediately manna issued from his tomb and continued issuing forth. By the end of the second century most of the churches in western Anatolia regarded him as their founder.

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Death and Relics of Saint James

When he returned to Judea, he was beheaded by King Herod Agrippa I in the year 44AD. This is detailed in the Bible in Acts 12 of the New Testament, “King Herod extended his hands to harm certain ones from the church. 2 He killed James the brother of John with the sword. 3 Seeing that it pleased the Jews, he proceeded further to arrest Peter also,” (Act 12 Modern English Version).

St James on a Stone Boat

The remains, or relics, of St James the Greater, were then transported by his followers to the Iberian Peninsula (today’s Galicia in Spain) and are said to be buried in Santiago de Compostela, which is why St James the Greater is now the patron saint of Spain.

According to legend, his body, along with his followers, sailed to the Iberian Peninsula on a rudderless ship with no sail. Landing on the northwest coast of the peninsula they proceeded up the River Ulla to land at Iria Flavia, (modern-day Padron). The Celtic Queen Lupia ruled these lands, and when asked by James’ followers if they could bury his body she refused and sent troops after them. While chasing the followers of James with his body across a bridge, it collapsed, killing her troops.

Queen Lupia then converted to Christianity and provided an ox and cart for the followers of James to transport the body. Unsure of where they should bury the sacred remains, his followers prayed on this and decided to let the ox continue until it chose a place to rest. After pausing at a stream the ox finally came to rest under an oak tree at the top of a hill. It’s here that the Cathedral of Santiago stands today.

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Sanlitun, Beijing

July 2012

China

Urban life

Ricoh GR Digital IV

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Souleater

Sonata Vario and Memo acoustic absorbers used within the hall at Brownhill School, Leeds

Full case study here: www.soundreduction.co.uk/Blog/Article/Acoustic-Treatment-...

Atomic Absorption measurements of candidate Reference Materials- filling of the sample changer. (IAEA Chemistry Unit, Seibersdorf, Austria, 2 July 2007)

Photo Credit: Dean Calma / IAEA

My absorption with tiny things demanded that I take a picture of these tiny cauliflower.

Sonata Vario acoustic absorption used at the Albany Centre in Bury St Edmonds

Sonata Vario acoustic absorbers installed within the hall at Wylam Methodist Church Hall to reduce noise and reverberation

Bœuf Jazz Sarcelles - 18 avril 2019

Rare Earth Elements: What Confluence?

Zircon spectra vary a lot - both the absorption and fluorescence lines. I have a few other examples that I have not examined in detail yet. The fluorescence lines here are from dysprosium and samarium at least. In these fluorescence spectra I have corrected for the yellow filter absorption down to 450nm. The purple (upper) and brown (lower) lines refer to the larger, round zircon.

Note that the sharp line at 808nm is the 404nm laser line in the second order of the grating diffraction. Also, I believe that the line at 695nm is a ghost or reflection due to the large amount of laser light entering the spectrometer during this observation.

These berry-looking nano particles are thermal evaporated tin dots. A specially designed process makes their shape and size suitable for ultraviolet light absorption. They will be used in a novel UV detector designed and fabricated at Thayer.

Submitted as part of the 2015 Visionaries in Technology student contest.

Image courtesy of PhD candidate Zhiyuan Wang (advisor: Professor Jifeng Liu.)

These 9 images are illustrations of the principal Fraunhofer absorption lines in the solar spectrum. The data were taken as part of a programme to study the effect on the solar spectrum of a transit of the Earth across the solar disk as seen from the Moon during a lunar eclipse: to be published by Fei Yan et al. (2015, in prep.)

The spectra were obtained using HARPS (High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher) on the ESO 3.6m telescope at La Silla in Chile on the night of the 15 April 2014. This is the equipment that has been used to find many of the known exoplanets that have been discovered by exploiting the 'wobble' induced in the parent star's radial velocity by an orbiting planet or planets. The spectrometer produces one sample of the spectrum each hundredth of an Ångstrom (a thousand samples per nm). See: www.eso.org/sci/facilities/lasilla/instruments/harps.html

for details.

The data plotted here are from just one of the 382 spectra obtained on that night by pointing the telescope at the Tycho crater on the Moon to look at the reflected light in the umbral and the penumbral shadow of the Earth and, for this spectrum, the fully illuminated Moon. It has been used to extract high resolution spectra of the principal Fraunhofer absorption lines from the telluric molecular oxygen B-band in the far-red to the L-line from atomic iron in the ultraviolet.

The Mg I b triplet is a strong absorption in the solar spectrum and can be seen clearly by eye with a small pocket spectroscope. This transition, from 3p 3P0 - 4s 3S, is not a resonance line like the Na I D and Ca II H & K lines. However, the lower level has no allowed transition to the ground state, 3s2 1S, and so it can build up to a significant level of occupation, allowing absorption to occur. There is an analogous triplet absorption in the ultraviolet, 3p 3P0 - 3d 3D, at at 3838.3, 3832.3 and 3829.4 which is also strong.

This shows the same data as for the previous (Absorbance) plot using Transmission and Wavelength axes. In addition, it shows the red fluorescence (excited with a 404nm laser) of the Australian Xtal. (thin black line - the transmission is the light blue line).

Of the other sapphires in the plot, both the synth and the lp-br show some chromium fluorescence (the ruby R-lines). The Aus and the sbp do not visibly fluoresce at all under the laser.

The presence of chromium in blue sapphires is thought, possibly, to contribute to their colouration.

Audimute Acoustic Absorption Panels are an eco-friendly acoustic absorption product that gets rid of mid and high frequencies. Great for homes, apartments, studios, auditoriums - ANY place where echoes and reverb are a concern. Acoustic Absorption Panels are available in many sizes, shapes, & colors - can even be customizes with ANY image, photo or logo.

( Bruxellisation = terme utilisé par les urbanistes pour désigner le développement anarchique d’une ville ancienne livrée aux promoteurs ; phénomène sensible dans les années 1960 et 1970 à Bruxelles..)

-- Immeuble " Charlemagne", abritant la Commission Européenne --

Sonata Vario Acoustic Absorbers installed to the ceiling within Keighley Civic Centre

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Amsterdam

Mei 2012

The Netherlands

Urban life in the Netherlands

Ricoh GRD IV

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True lovers are as shadows, and when the sun shines in glory the shadows vanish away. He is a true lover of God to whom God says, "I am thine, and thou art mine!"

- MEVLANA RUMI (r.a) -

In a survey of 1,000 parents, it found more than half of children under the age of 16 regularly use one. Some parents give their children handsets at a very young age. More than 13 per cent of parents with three-year-olds said their youngster had used a phone. Among three to six-year-olds, the figure was 23 per cent. By secondary school, about 94 per cent of children had their own phone.

Most parents place restrictions on how much their children spend on calls and texts. Three-quarters said they only allowed their youngsters pay-as-you-go phones to avoid them running up huge bills. But only 36 per cent of parents questioned said they stopped their children from accessing the internet on their mobile and just under a third barred them from calling premium rate numbers. But over two-thirds said they did nothing to stop their children downloading ringtones and screensavers that cost up to £3.50 each.

Sonata Vario acoustic absorbers installed within the hall at Aldwyn Primary School Hall in Audenshaw.

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David Oyediran is looking at microwave absorption properties of nanomaterials in the Advanced Sensors Development Laboratory.

- MERINO sheepskin lining offers all of the advantages of wool over synthetic fibers, providing efficient shock absorption and superior thermal comfort. Sheepskin contains lanolin, a natural substance, which soothes the horse's sensitive or inflamed skin. When sheepskin is set directly against the animal's body, it stimulates blood circulation and promotes a therapeutic effect.

- The Non-Slip mesh upper assures perfect grip and steadily secures the MerinoLUX Half-Pad under the saddle.

- Breathable 3-Dimensional Spacer fabric reduces heat build-up and provides excellent moisture vapor transfer.

- The black non-slip mesh is not visible under the saddle, conforming to the FEI rules and regulations.

- Optimum thickness of the MerinoLUX Half-Pad does not compromise the fit of the saddle.

View On Black

Rare Earth Elements: What Confluence?

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SRS supplied 35no 1200x1200 Sonata Vario panels in total to Auchterderran St Fothads Church Hall to reduce reverberation. The panels were supplied in 'White' and 'Stone' fabric to match the existing décor within the hall.

For details on SRS Sonata products see our website here: www.soundreduction.co.uk/Products/Sound-Absorption-Soluti...