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This area is best described as consisting of derelict or under utilised commercial docks.
One thing that you may notice is how badly scorched the grass is because of an unusual heatwave here in Ireland.
Here is a description of the planned future for the area: " The architectural vision for the North Quays SDZ is to create a destination quality sustainable modern quarter connected to and consolidating the City Centre while facilitating the natural expansion of the northern city environs. The development of the North Quays will reinstate the primacy of the river by creating a compact city core centred on the River Suir. Capitalising on the unique character of the site, the architecture will seek to develop to the greatest possible extent the sites assets, including the long south facing river frontage, proximity to the existing city core and the proposed incorporation of a public transport interchange. The architecture will be design led and seek to develop schemes of high quality design merit with the confidence to deliver a new and exciting interpretation of the quays while respecting the traditional streetscape of the South Quays that has evolved over many centuries."
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Temple du ciel
Temple du ciel
Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.
Aller à : Navigation, rechercher Le Temple du Ciel (chinois traditionnel : 天壇; chinois simplifié : 天坛; pinyin : Tiān Tán) est situé dans la ville chinoise, un quartier historique du sud de Pékin, dans le district de Xuanwu.
Dans l'ancienne Chine, l'empereur était considéré comme le « fils du Ciel », qui préservait le bon ordre sur terre en faisant le lien avec l'autorité céleste. Afin de montrer son respect au Ciel, les cérémonies de sacrifice étaient très importantes.
Le Temple du Ciel a été inscrit par l'UNESCO à la liste du patrimoine mondial en 1998.
Il s'agit en réalité d'un important complexe au cœur de la ville, de 1,5 km du nord au sud et de 1 (minimum) à 1,7 km (maximum) d'est en ouest. Il est délimité par deux murs au nord et un seul au sud. Il contient de nombreux temples dont :
La Salle des prières pour la récolte (Qi Nian Dian 祈年殿), pavillon en forme de rotonde dans le nord du complexe
La Demeure du seigneur du Ciel (Huang Qiong Yu 皇穹宇), pavillon en forme de rotonde construit sur un tertre de marbre ; on y remisait les autels lorsqu'ils n'étaient pas utilisés.
La Salle de l'abstinence (Zhai Gong 齋宮), palais situé dans la partie ouest du complexe
L'Autel du Ciel (Yuan Qiu Tan 圜丘壇), espace ressemblant à la terrasse de la Salle des prières pour la récolte, mais sans bâtiment en rotonde. Il est situé sur le même axe que la salle mais au sud du complexe.
L'architecture des différents bâtiments orientés nord/sud reprend la thématique du ciel et de la terre :
enceintes carrées avec des tuiles de couleur verte qui symbolisent la terre
bâtiments ronds avec des tuiles de couleur bleue qui symbolisent le ciel.
Initialement appelé Monument du Ciel et de la Terre, il a été construit de 1406 à 1420 pendant le règne de l'Empereur Yongle, qui était aussi responsable de le construction de la Cité Interdite. Le temple fut agrandi et renommé Temple du Ciel pendant le règne de l'Empereur Jiajing au seizième siècle. Le Temple du Ciel a été rénové au dix-huitième siècle sous l'Empereur Qianlong. Début 2005, une rénovation d'un montant de 47 millions de yuan (à peu près 4'318'000 €) du monument est entreprise en vue des Jeux Olympiques de 2008 à Pékin, mais les rénovations ont été terminées le 1er mai 2006.
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FRENCHL'agent orange est le surnom donné au plus utilisé des herbicides employés par l'armée des États-Unis lors de la guerre du Viêt Nam, en particulier entre 1961 et 1971. Notamment en raison de la présence de dioxine, ce défoliant chimique est responsable de plusieurs maladies chez les personnes ayant eu affaire à cet herbicide. En raison de la stabilité de la dioxine, les générations suivantes au Viêt Nam vivent encore en présence de ce produit cancérogène et tératogène, occasionnant des maladies diverses, des cancers et des malformations à la naissance.ENGLISHAgent Orange is the code name for a powerful herbicide and defoliant used by the U.S. military in its Herbicidal Warfare program during the Vietnam War. During the Vietnam War, an estimated 80 000 m³ of Agent Orange was sprayed across South Vietnam.Agent Orange's usage from 1961 to 1971 was by far the most used of the so-called "Rainbow Herbicides" used during the program. Degradation of Agent Orange (as well as Agents Purple, Pink, and Green) released dioxins, which have caused health problems for those exposed during the Vietnam War. Agents Blue and White were part of the same program but did not contain dioxins. During the Vietnam war, between 1962 and 1971, the United States military sprayed 77 million litres of chemical defoliants in South Vietnam as part of a defoliant program. The first objective was to reduce the dense jungle foliage so that Communist forces might not use it for cover and to deny them use of crops needed for subsistence.The second objective was spot clearing in sensitive areas such as around base perimeters.According to Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 4.8 million Vietnamese people were exposed to agent orange, resulting in 400,000 deaths and disabilities, and 500,000 children born with birth defects. The most affected zones are the mountainous area along Truong Son (Long Mountains) and the border between Vietnam and Cambodia. The affected residents are living in sub-standard conditions with many genetic diseases. The use of Agent Orange still has an affect on the citizens of Vietnam, poisoning their food chain and creating concern about its affect on human beings. This chemical has been reported to cause serious skin diseases as well as a vast variety of cancers in the lungs, larynx, and prostate. Children in the areas where Agent Orange was used have been affected and have multiple health problems including cleft palate, mental retardation, hernias, and extra fingers and toes.Much of the information on the effects of Agent Orange in Vietnam until the 21st century, were compiled by Vietnamese scientists in Vietnamese and largely unavailable to the worldwide English reader. However, general public perception in Vietnam is that the effects are severe and clearly visible in children of veterans and people in affected areas. Veterans have become increasingly concerned about the effects of Agent Orange to humans. While in Vietnam, the veterans were told not to worry, and were persuaded that the chemical was harmless. In the last few years, this opinion has changed, and studies show the true effects Agent Orange has on humans.
La Vanilleraie, atelier artisanal de préparation de vanille situé à Sainte Suzanne, La Réunion vous fait découvrir l’histoire de la vanille, sa culture et sa préparation.
HISTORIQUE DE LA VANILLE
La vanille fait partie de la famille des Orchidées, c’est d’ailleurs, la seule orchidée dont le fruit est comestible. La famille des vanilles comprend 110 espèces dont seulement 3 sont utilisées pour leur arôme.
Origines de la vanille
La plus aromatique d’entre elles, Vanilla planifolia, est originaire du Mexique, où elle est utilisée par l’homme depuis plus de 2000 ans. Tout d’abord mélangée à de l‘encens et utilisée lors des cérémonies religieuses, la vanille sert ensuite à aromatiser un breuvage réalisé à base de fèves de cacao. La légende dit que l’empereur Aztèque Montézuma accueillit le conquistador Hernan Cortez en lui offrant du chocolat parfumé à la vanille, servi dans des gobelets en or. Importée en Europe dans le milieu du XVIème siècle, la vanille est présente à la table de toutes les cours européennes (Louis XIV étant dit-on grand amateur de vanille).
La vanille à La Réunion
Introduite pour la première fois à la Réunion en 1819 par le capitaine Philibert et le botaniste Perrotet, dans le but d’y être cultivée, la vanille restera une culture confidentielle pendant plus de 20 ans, faute de fructification naturelle (l’abeille fécondant naturellement le vanillier au Mexique n’étant pas présente à la Réunion). Il faudra attendre 1841 pour qu’Edmond Albius, un jeune esclave âgé de 12 ans, trouve le procédé de pollinisation manuelle de la vanille, encore utilisé de nos jours. La culture de la vanille va alors connaitre un développement de grande ampleur sur l’île de La Réunion. Malheureusement, les gousses de vanille se fendent à maturité et perdent de leur valeur commerciale. Il faudra toute l‘ingéniosité de deux producteurs réunionnais : Ernest Loupy et David De Floris pour mettre au point un procédé de préparation de la vanille permettant à la gousse de vanille de développer tout son arôme sans se fendre (procédé toujours utilisé de nos jours).
Grâce à cette découverte majeure, la Réunion deviendra le premier pays producteur de vanille au monde à la fin du XIXème siècle avec près de 200 tonnes de vanille exportées. Partant de la Réunion, la culture de la vanille va ensuite gagner les îles voisines des Comores puis de Madagascar pour y connaître un développement conséquent. Le rôle de la Réunion a donc été déterminant dans le développement de cette épice au niveau mondial.
CULTURE DE LA VANILLE
Plantation de vanille
Pour se développer, la vanille a besoin d’un climat tropical chaud et humide. C’est la raison pour laquelle on retrouve les plantations de vanille sur la côte Est de la Réunion (la plus arrosée). La plupart des parcelles se situe en forêt car un certain ombrage est nécessaire au bon développement du plant de vanille.
Fécondation de la vanille
Après plantation, il faudra attendre trois ans avant de voir s’épanouir les premières fleurs de vanille. Ces dernières, éphémères, doivent être fécondées dans la matinée, la fleur se fanant en l’espace d’une journée. Une fleur donnant naissance à une seule gousse de vanille, se sont donc des milliers de fleurs que les producteurs doivent féconder manuellement durant les trois mois que dure la floraison (octobre à décembre). La gousse de vanille atteint sa taille définitive deux mois après fécondation mais il lui faudra 9 mois pour arriver à maturité. L’équivalent d’une maternité, ce qui a conduit les Aztèques à élever la vanille au rang de plante sacrée. Arrivée à maturité sur le plant, la gousse de vanille prend naturellement une couleur chocolat puis noire mais se fend sur toute sa longueur, libérant ainsi son parfum.
Récolte de la vanille
Pour lui conserver tout son arôme et toutes ses qualités, il importe de récolter la vanille juste avant son ouverture. Le stade de récolte est primordial pour la qualité finale du produit car à l’instar du vin, les arômes ne s’accumulent dans la gousse de vanille qu’en fin de maturation. La récolte de la vanille s’effectue gousse par gousse, en fonction de son degré de maturité. Elle commence en juin pour se terminer à la mi-octobre.
PREPARATION DE LA VANILLE
Pour empêcher les gousses de vanille de se fendre après récolte, il faut les échauder dans les 48 heures suivant la récolte. C’est-à-dire plonger les gousses de vanille dans une eau chauffée à 65° c pendant 3 mn. Cette opération a été mise au point par Ernest Loupy en 1851 puis perfectionnée par David De Floris en 1857. Rapidement égouttées, les gousses de vanille sont ensuite placées durant 24 heures dans des caisses capitonnées de couvertures pour les faire transpirer, c’est l’étuvage. C’est au cours de cette étape que les gousses de vanille changent de couleur et prennent leur belle robe chocolat. A ce stade, les gousses de vanille sont encore gorgées d’eau et doivent être séchées pour assurer leur conservation.
Séchage de la vanille
Le séchage de la vanille se déroule en deux étapes : un premier séchage très intense au soleil pendant une dizaine de jours puis un séchage plus lent à l’ombre durant 2 à 3 mois. Les gousses de vanille sont régulièrement triées pour juger de leur état de dessiccation.
La maturation de la vanille
Les gousses de vanille sèches partent en malle de maturation pour une période de 12 mois minimum alors que les gousses insuffisamment sèches repartent au séchage. C’est lors de cette phase de lente maturation aromatique que les arômes de la vanille s’élaborent. C’est un peu l’équivalent, pour le vin, du passage en barrique. L‘arôme de la vanille est un arôme très complexe composé de plus de 180 molécules différentes. Un contrôle régulier des malles est effectué pour éviter tout développement de moisissure. C’est à l’issue de ce long processus de maturation que les gousses de vanille acquièrent leur parfum subtil et délicat. Elles sont ensuite calibrées et conditionnées en bottes pour être stockées, tout en conservant leurs qualités. Alors, seulement, elles seront prêtes à être commercialisées. Au total, il se sera écoulé près de deux ans entre la récolte des gousses de vanille et leur commercialisation. C’est à ce prix que la vanille de la Réunion a acquis sa réputation et se classe parmi les meilleures vanilles du monde. Amour et patience sont les maîtres mots qui caractérisent la vanille et en font un produit d’exception.
Domaine du Grand Hazier
Allée Chassagne
97441 Sainte Suzanne
Vanilla is a flavor derived from orchids of the genus Vanilla, primarily from the Mexican species, flat-leaved vanilla (V. planifolia). The word vanilla, derived from the diminutive of the Spanish word vaina (vaina itself meaning sheath or pod), "translates simply as little pod. Pre-Columbian Mesoamerican people cultivated the vine of the vanilla orchid", called tlilxochitl by the Aztecs. Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés is credited with introducing both vanilla and chocolate to Europe in the 1520s.
Initial attempts to cultivate vanilla outside Mexico and Central America proved futile because of the symbiotic relationship between the vanilla orchid and its natural pollinator, the local species of Melipona bee. Pollination is required to set the fruit from which the flavoring is derived. In 1837, Belgian botanist Charles François Antoine Morren discovered this fact and pioneered a method of artificially pollinating the plant. The method proved financially unworkable and was not deployed commercially. In 1841, Edmond Albius, a slave who lived on the French island of Réunion in the Indian Ocean, discovered at the age of 12 that the plant could be hand-pollinated. Hand-pollination allowed global cultivation of the plant.
Three major species of vanilla currently are grown globally, all of which derive from a species originally found in Mesoamerica, including parts of modern-day Mexico. The various subspecies are Vanilla planifolia (syn. V. fragrans), grown on Madagascar, Réunion, and other tropical areas along the Indian Ocean; V. tahitensis, grown in the South Pacific; and V. pompona, found in the West Indies, and Central and South America. The majority of the world's vanilla is the V. planifolia species, more commonly known as Bourbon vanilla (after the former name of Réunion, Île Bourbon) or Madagascar vanilla, which is produced in Madagascar and neighboring islands in the southwestern Indian Ocean, and in Indonesia. Leptotes bicolor is used in the same way in South America.
Vanilla is the second most expensive spice after saffron, because growing the vanilla seed pods is labor-intensive. Despite the expense, vanilla is highly valued for its flavor, which author Frederic Rosengarten, "Jr. described in The Book of Spices as pure, spicy, and delicate; he called its complex floral aroma a peculiar bouquet. As a result", vanilla is widely used in both commercial and domestic baking, perfume manufacture and aromatherapy.
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Objectif: Sigma 135-400mm f4-5-5-6 APO DG
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Logiciel: Lightroom 3.0
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Objectif: Sigma 135-400mm f4-5-5-6 APO DG
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Logiciel: Lightroom 3.0
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Un délicieux plat, le coq au vin dont j'ai utilisé la préparation comme sujet de ce reportage culinaire. Le résultat a donné de bonnes images et un excellent repas. Mon humble cuisine est maintenant prête pour des choses sérieuses !
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A delicious dish: Coq au vin (roaster in wine) which I used preparation as a subject for my cooking assignment. It gave good images and an excellent meal. My humble kitchen is ready for serious stuff now!
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Un plato delicioso: Coq au vin (gallo al vino) el cual use la preparación como tema de mi reportaje culinario. Como resultado, buenas imágenes y una excelente comida . Mi humilde cocina está lista para cosas más serias ahora.
Abahrt vom Sustenpass auf der Berner Seite in den Alpen - Alps im Berner Oberland im Kanton Bern in der Schweiz
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Gwächtenhorn - Giglistock und Steisee (BE - 1`934m)
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Steisee
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Der Steisee ist ein Bergsee am Sustenpass im Sustengebiet in den Alpen - Alps im
Berner Oberland im Kanton Bern in der Schweiz
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Daten Steisee
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- Region : Sustengebiet im Berner Oberland im Kanton Bern
- Höhe : 1`934m
- Maximale Tiefe :
- Fläche :
- Karte 1 / 25`000 : 1211 M.eiental
- Koordinaten : 676 000 - 175 300
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( BeschriebSteisee AlbumBergseenimKantonBern AlbumUnterwegsindenBernerBergen
KantonBern Berner Oberland BernerOberland Wasser vand water vesi eau uisce Vatn
acqua 水 vann woda água vatten Voda agua Natur nature luonto Cineál Náttúra natura
自然 natuur natureza Príroda Narava naturaleza Landschaft landskab paysage paesaggio
風景 landschap landskap paisaje maisema Landscape Alpensee See Lake Lac Sø Järvi
Lago 湖 Bergsee Bergseeli Seeli Tarn vuoristolampi タルン bergmeertje gaivina tjärn
Schweiz Suisse Switzerland Svizzera Suissa Swiss Sveitsi Sviss スイス Zwitserland
Sveits Szwajcaria Suíça Suiza )
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Abenteur autofreier S.ustenpass mit dem F.ahrrad am 20. September 2008
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Mit dem F.ahrrad von O.stermundigen nach B.ern und weiter mit dem Z.ug über L.uzern
nach E.rstfeld
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E.rstfeld (UR - 472m) – S.ilenen – A.msteg – I.ntschi – G.urtnellen – W.assen (UR – 916m) –
M.eien F.ärnigen – S.ustenpass (BE/UR – 2`224m) – S.teingletscher – G.admen – N.essental –
W.iler – I.nnertkirchen – M.eiringen – B.rienz – I.nterlaken – B.eatushöhlen – M.erligen –
O.berhofen – T.hun (BE – 560m)
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Am Samstag den 20. September 2008 war der S.ustenpass (Von W.assen, K.anton U.ri
nach G.admen im K.anton B.ern) gesperrt für A.utos und M.otorfahrräder.
So benutzte ich die Gelegenheit um einen alten T.raum zu verwirklichen, einmal in aller
Ruhe wieder über einen hohen A.lpenpass mit dem F.ahrad zu fahren.
Es war wunderschön ruhig, viele Leute nutzen die Gelegenheit. Das W.etter zeigte sich von
seiner allerbesten Seite, nicht zu warm, nicht zu kalt, super F.ernsicht und immer ein kleines
Lüftchen.
Und Landschaftlich ist die Gegend des S.ustenpasses etwas vom schönsten was die Schweiz
zu bieten hat. Hohe, schneebedeckte G.ipfel, G.letscher, wilde F.elsformationen und tiefe T.äler.
Bei dieser Gelegenheit einen ganz grossen Dank an alle (S.treckenposten, P.olizei,
O.rganisatoren, ...) die diesen Tag ermöglicht haben.
Ich hoffe es gibt wieder einmal die Gelegenheit und ich kann es wirklich allen empfehlen,
es geht viel einfacher als man aufgrund der Höhenmeter vermuten würde.
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If you take the time, then you can see what is possible to see in one day in Switzerland in Europe.
With the bike over the S.usten - P.ass
On Saturday the 20th September 2008 was the S.ustenpass (From W.assen, C.anton of U.ri
to G.admen in C.anton B.erne) blocked for cars and m.otor .bikes.
So I used the opportunity to an old dream into reality, even in peace again on a high Alpine
pass with the bike to ride
It was beautifully quiet, many people exploit the opportunity. The weather showed his best
side, not too hot, not too cold, super views and always a little breeze.
And landscape is the area of the passport S.ustenpass something beautiful from what
Switzerland has to offer. High, s.nowcapped p.eaks, g.laciers, w.ild rock formations and
d.eep v.alleys.
On this occasion, a very big thanks to all (line item, p.olice, organizers, ...) to this day possible!
I hope there is once again the opportunity and I can really recommend to all, it is much easier
than you because of the altitude meter would suspect!
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Le samedi le 20 Septembre 2008, le col du S.usten (de W.assen, canton d'U.ri selon
G.admen dans le canton de B.erne) interdit aux voitures et cyclomoteurs.
Pour l'occasion, j'ai utilisé un vieux rêve à réaliser, en toute tranquillité une fois encore d'un
grand col alpin avec le v.élo de c.onduire!
Il était très calme, beaucoup de gens profitent de l'occasion. Le temps s'est montré de tous les
meilleurs de sa page, pas trop chaud, pas trop froid, très loin et de plus en plus un petit air.
Et pittoresque, la région du S.usten, du passeport quelque chose de plus beau que la Suisse
a à offrir. Élevée, des sommets enneigés, de g.laciers, de s.auvage et de p.rofondes v.allées
rocheuses.
A cette occasion, un tout grand merci à tous (de poste, de la p.olice, les organisateurs, ...) qui
ont permis ce jour.
J'espère qu'il ya encore une fois l'occasion et je peut-il vraiment tous les recommander, il
est beaucoup plus facile que l'on m d'altitude en raison de la suspecter serait.
.
.
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.
.
El sábado la 20 ª Septiembre 2008 fue el S.ustenpass (De W.assen, Cantón de U.ri G.admen
después en el Cantón de B.erna) bloqueado para coches y motos.
Por lo tanto, aprovechó la oportunidad para un viejo sueño en realidad, incluso en la paz
de nuevo en un alto Alpes pasar con la bicicleta a paseo.
Es bonito tranquilo, muchas personas aprovechar la oportunidad. El tiempo mostró su mejor
cara, no demasiado caliente, no demasiado frío, super puntos de vista y siempre un poco de
brisa.
Y el paisaje es el área del pasaporte Sustenpass algo hermoso de lo que Suiza tiene que
ofrecer. Alto, picos nevados, glaciares, salvaje formaciones rocosas y profundos valles.
En esta ocasión, un gran agradecimiento a todos (la partida, la policía, los organizadores, ...)
hasta el día de hoy es posible.
Espero que, una vez más, la oportunidad y realmente no puedo recomendar a todos, es
mucho más fácil de lo que a causa de la altitud metro sospechoso.
.
.
***************************************************************************************************************
( Hurni080920 KantonBern AlbumSustenpassAutofrei )
***************************************************************************************************************
Letzte Aktualisierung / Ergänzung des Textes: 28. Januar 2012
***************************************************************************************************************
24 / NIF
________________________________________________ __ _
Matériels utilisés :
Boitier: Nikon D7000
Objectif: Tamron SP AF 10-24 mm F/3.5-4.5 Di II LD Aspherical (IF)
Accessoires: Grip Phottix BG-D7000
Logiciel: Lightroom 3.0
________________________________________________ __ _
Other page:
________________________________________________ __ _
© Josselin Dutheil - Merci de me contacter pour toute utilisation de la photographie.
-- - All rights reserved / Tous droits réservés - --
Copyright © 2014 Ruggero Poggianella
All rights reserved. Please, do not use my photos/videos without my written permission. Please note that the fact that "this photo is public" doesn't mean it's public domain or a free stock image. Unauthorized use is strictly prohibited. If you wish to use any of my images for any reason/purpose please contact me for written permission. Tous droits reservés. Défense d'utilisation de cette image sans ma permission. Todos derechos reservados.
© Copyright: All rights reserved.
© Copyright: No usar sin mi consentimiento.
© Copyright: Você não pode usar!
© Copyright: Sie dürfen es nicht kopieren!
Presentata al Salone dell'Automobile di Francoforte del 1951, la 220 era chiamata a sostituire la 230 W153, con la quale condivideva in pratica la stessa struttura telaistica, ad X con tubi a sezione ovale, utilizzata tra l'altro anche sulle più piccole 170V e 170S. Di questi modelli, tra l'altro, la 220 riprende anche l'impostazione stilistica decisamente retrò, tipica dei modelli del periodo immediatamente antecedente la Seconda guerra mondiale. La differenza estetica principale stava nel frontale, dove trovavano posto nuovi fari dal design più moderno, inglobati nei parafanghi.
La 220 è stata prodotta in tre varianti di carrozzeria, ancora separata dal telaio: berlina, cabriolet (a 2 o a 4 posti) e coupé. La berlina è stata di gran lunga la preferita dal pubblico, con 16.066 esemplari prodotti, mentre le cabriolet hanno totalizzato 2.275 esemplari e le coupé solamente 85 esemplari, anche a causa del fatto che la coupé è stata introdotta solo nel 1954, quando già mancava poco alla cessazione della produzione e quando la berlina non era più in produzione.
Le vere novità stavano nel motore M180 da 2.2 litri, primo 6 cilindri Mercedes-Benz del dopoguerra e primo superquadro della Casa tedesca, un motore di tipo monoalbero in testa, contrariamente al 2.3 litri della sua antenata, che era ad asse a camme laterale e valvole laterali. Con una potenza massima di 80 CV, questo motore spingeva la 220 ad una velocità massima di 140 km/h.
Il cambio era a 4 marce con frizione monodisco a secco, l'impianto frenante era idraulico a 4 tamburi e le sospensioni erano a ruote indipendenti con avantreno a triangoli trasversali e retrotreno a semiassi oscillanti.
La 220 proponeva anche alcune chicche per l'epoca, come la serratura di sicurezza per evitare l'apertura accidentale delle portiere, ed l'impianto di riscaldamento ottenibile a richiesta.
I prezzi di vendita delle 200 W187 erano di 11.925 marchi per la berlina, di 15.160 e 18.860 marchi per le due varianti di cabriolet previste e di ben 20.850 marchi per la coupé.
Tra il 1952 ed il 1953 venne realizzata una serie speciale di 220 (41 esemplari) con carrozzeria torpedo, destinate alle forze di polizia.
Nel 1954, come già detto, la berlina è stata tolta di produzione, sostituita dal modello 220S Ponton. Rimase in produzione solo la coupé, equipaggiata dal 2.2 litri M180 in versione leggermente più potente (85CV), montato sulle prime 220S berlina. La 220 Coupé W187 è stata tolta di produzione l'anno seguente, a sua volta rimpiazzata dalla versione coupé della 220S.
Durante la produzione del modello, vennero realizzati anche 47 telai nudi, destinati ad altre carrozzerie.
The Mercedes-Benz W187 is a luxury car produced by Mercedes-Benz from 1951 to 1955. Introduced at the Frankfurt Motor Show in April 1951, the W187 was powered by a single overhead camshaft inline six-cylinder M180 engine and available as a saloon, coupé, and cabriolet, all designated with the 220 model name. Despite its pre-World War II reputation as a manufacturer of luxury cars, in the immediate post-war years Mercedes-Benz produced only four-cylinder-engined passenger cars. The W187 Mercedes-Benz 220 and flagship W186 Mercedes-Benz 300 Adenauer introduced together in 1951 were the first Mercedes to once again feature six-cylinder engines.
The styling was similar to that of the Mercedes-Benz 170S except that the 170's freestanding headlights were for the 220 integrated into the fenders for a slightly more modern look. Two different cabriolet models were built, conceived as exclusive sporting cars of exclusive character, but these only sold 1,278 and 997 for the "A" (2-door, 2/3-seat) and "B" (2-door, 4-seat) versions, respectively.
In December 1953, just as the saloon and cabriolet "B" models were about to be replaced, a "Cabriolet A" derived W187 Coupé was announced for 1954. The Mercedes-Benz sales department let it be known that this development was a direct response to pressing requests from leading celebrities of the time.
During 1953 the manufacturer replaced the conventionally flat windscreen on the 2/3 seater "Cabriolet A" with a slightly curved screen, which also found its way on to the new coupé: this was a way of highlighting the sporting nature of both models. Nevertheless, the coupé once fitted, as many were, with a steel sunroof, was at the end of 1953 offered for 22,000 Marks which was nearly twice the price for the standard W187 "Limousine", and only 85 of the W187 coupés were actually sold. Between August 1952 and May 1953, 41 special soft top "OTP" bodied W187 220s were produced for the police.
All 220s used newly developed M180 six cylinder 2195cc engine producing 80 hp DIN (86 SAE) (59 kW). In contrast with the rather old fashioned look of the car's body, the new engines attracted much attention in the motoring press, being the first new engine presented by Mercedes-Benz in more than ten years.
The valves were operated by short rocker arms from an overhead camshaft. The engine was unusual in Europe at this time in having oversquare cylinder dimensions with a bore of 80.0mm and a stroke of only 72.8mm, which facilitated the design of an efficient cylinder head. The manufacturer claimed a top speed of 140 km/h (87 mph) for the saloons and 145 km/h (90 mph) for the cabriolets which was faster than the 52 PS (38 kW) powered 170S Cabriolet which the cabriolet version of the W187 replaced and from which its bodywork was derived. The new six-cylinder engine would form the basis, repeatedly enlarged and upgraded as the years went on, for a long line of six-cylinder engines powering mainstream Mercedes-Benz models including the six-cylinder version of the early S-Class models in the 1970s. Because of the extra power in what was, by modern standards, a heavy car, the W187 was equipped with Duplex drum brakes.
With the sedan/saloon bodied cars about to be delisted by the manufacturer in May 1954, in April 1954 the "Cabriolet A" and its Coupé derivative were fitted with a new higher compression 85 PS (63 kW) engine that had been developed for the soon to be announced Ponton bodied Mercedes-Benz W180. These faster sporting versions of the W187 continued in production for a further year. The 220 saloon was replaced by the W105/W180 line in 1953. The coupé and cabriolet continued until August 1955.
The saloon went out of production in May, 1954; the Cabriolet models continued for another 15 months until August 1955. The body of the W187 saloon was closely modelled on the 1938 Mercedes-Benz W153, and despite the modern engine that powered it, already looked old fashioned to many observers on the day it was introduced. Two years earlier, in 1949, the Borgward Hansa had served notice that car design had moved on since the 1930s, and the manufacturer's own 1953 W120 confirmed that "modern" European cars were following the North American trend to lower wider bodied designs. This has been seen as an explanation for the W187's own unusually short production run of slightly above three years for the saloon and less than five years for the longest lived of the Cabriolet models.
The W187 was immediately replaced with the Ponton bodied six cylinder Mercedes-Benz 220a (W180). When the cabriolet was withdrawn in 1955 there was no direct successor. However, slightly more than a year later the all-new Mercedes-Benz 220S Cabriolet and Coupé appeared, respectively in July and October 1956, using, like the saloon on which they were based, a modern ponton style body.
________________________________________________ __ _
Matériels utilisés :
Boitier: Nikon D7000
Objectif: Samyang 8 mm f/3.5 Asphérique IF MC Fish-eye
Accessoires: Grip Phottix BG-D7000,
Logiciel: Lightroom 3.0
________________________________________________ __ _
Other page:
________________________________________________ __ _
© Josselin Dutheil - Merci de me contacter pour toute utilisation de la photographie.
-- - All rights reserved / Tous droits réservés - --
FRENCHL'agent orange est le surnom donné au plus utilisé des herbicides employés par l'armée des États-Unis lors de la guerre du Viêt Nam, en particulier entre 1961 et 1971. Notamment en raison de la présence de dioxine, ce défoliant chimique est responsable de plusieurs maladies chez les personnes ayant eu affaire à cet herbicide. En raison de la stabilité de la dioxine, les générations suivantes au Viêt Nam vivent encore en présence de ce produit cancérogène et tératogène, occasionnant des maladies diverses, des cancers et des malformations à la naissance.ENGLISHAgent Orange is the code name for a powerful herbicide and defoliant used by the U.S. military in its Herbicidal Warfare program during the Vietnam War. During the Vietnam War, an estimated 80 000 m³ of Agent Orange was sprayed across South Vietnam.Agent Orange's usage from 1961 to 1971 was by far the most used of the so-called "Rainbow Herbicides" used during the program. Degradation of Agent Orange (as well as Agents Purple, Pink, and Green) released dioxins, which have caused health problems for those exposed during the Vietnam War. Agents Blue and White were part of the same program but did not contain dioxins. During the Vietnam war, between 1962 and 1971, the United States military sprayed 77 million litres of chemical defoliants in South Vietnam as part of a defoliant program. The first objective was to reduce the dense jungle foliage so that Communist forces might not use it for cover and to deny them use of crops needed for subsistence.The second objective was spot clearing in sensitive areas such as around base perimeters.According to Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 4.8 million Vietnamese people were exposed to agent orange, resulting in 400,000 deaths and disabilities, and 500,000 children born with birth defects. The most affected zones are the mountainous area along Truong Son (Long Mountains) and the border between Vietnam and Cambodia. The affected residents are living in sub-standard conditions with many genetic diseases. The use of Agent Orange still has an affect on the citizens of Vietnam, poisoning their food chain and creating concern about its affect on human beings. This chemical has been reported to cause serious skin diseases as well as a vast variety of cancers in the lungs, larynx, and prostate. Children in the areas where Agent Orange was used have been affected and have multiple health problems including cleft palate, mental retardation, hernias, and extra fingers and toes.Much of the information on the effects of Agent Orange in Vietnam until the 21st century, were compiled by Vietnamese scientists in Vietnamese and largely unavailable to the worldwide English reader. However, general public perception in Vietnam is that the effects are severe and clearly visible in children of veterans and people in affected areas. Veterans have become increasingly concerned about the effects of Agent Orange to humans. While in Vietnam, the veterans were told not to worry, and were persuaded that the chemical was harmless. In the last few years, this opinion has changed, and studies show the true effects Agent Orange has on humans.
Copyright © 2014 Ruggero Poggianella
All rights reserved. Please, do not use my photos/videos without my written permission. Please note that the fact that "this photo is public" doesn't mean it's public domain or a free stock image. Unauthorized use is strictly prohibited. If you wish to use any of my images for any reason/purpose please contact me for written permission. Tous droits reservés. Défense d'utilisation de cette image sans ma permission. Todos derechos reservados.
© Copyright: All rights reserved.
© Copyright: No usar sin mi consentimiento.
© Copyright: Você não pode usar!
© Copyright: Sie dürfen es nicht kopieren!
Presentata al Salone dell'Automobile di Francoforte del 1951, la 220 era chiamata a sostituire la 230 W153, con la quale condivideva in pratica la stessa struttura telaistica, ad X con tubi a sezione ovale, utilizzata tra l'altro anche sulle più piccole 170V e 170S. Di questi modelli, tra l'altro, la 220 riprende anche l'impostazione stilistica decisamente retrò, tipica dei modelli del periodo immediatamente antecedente la Seconda guerra mondiale. La differenza estetica principale stava nel frontale, dove trovavano posto nuovi fari dal design più moderno, inglobati nei parafanghi.
La 220 è stata prodotta in tre varianti di carrozzeria, ancora separata dal telaio: berlina, cabriolet (a 2 o a 4 posti) e coupé. La berlina è stata di gran lunga la preferita dal pubblico, con 16.066 esemplari prodotti, mentre le cabriolet hanno totalizzato 2.275 esemplari e le coupé solamente 85 esemplari, anche a causa del fatto che la coupé è stata introdotta solo nel 1954, quando già mancava poco alla cessazione della produzione e quando la berlina non era più in produzione.
Le vere novità stavano nel motore M180 da 2.2 litri, primo 6 cilindri Mercedes-Benz del dopoguerra e primo superquadro della Casa tedesca, un motore di tipo monoalbero in testa, contrariamente al 2.3 litri della sua antenata, che era ad asse a camme laterale e valvole laterali. Con una potenza massima di 80 CV, questo motore spingeva la 220 ad una velocità massima di 140 km/h.
Il cambio era a 4 marce con frizione monodisco a secco, l'impianto frenante era idraulico a 4 tamburi e le sospensioni erano a ruote indipendenti con avantreno a triangoli trasversali e retrotreno a semiassi oscillanti.
La 220 proponeva anche alcune chicche per l'epoca, come la serratura di sicurezza per evitare l'apertura accidentale delle portiere, ed l'impianto di riscaldamento ottenibile a richiesta.
I prezzi di vendita delle 200 W187 erano di 11.925 marchi per la berlina, di 15.160 e 18.860 marchi per le due varianti di cabriolet previste e di ben 20.850 marchi per la coupé.
Tra il 1952 ed il 1953 venne realizzata una serie speciale di 220 (41 esemplari) con carrozzeria torpedo, destinate alle forze di polizia.
Nel 1954, come già detto, la berlina è stata tolta di produzione, sostituita dal modello 220S Ponton. Rimase in produzione solo la coupé, equipaggiata dal 2.2 litri M180 in versione leggermente più potente (85CV), montato sulle prime 220S berlina. La 220 Coupé W187 è stata tolta di produzione l'anno seguente, a sua volta rimpiazzata dalla versione coupé della 220S.
Durante la produzione del modello, vennero realizzati anche 47 telai nudi, destinati ad altre carrozzerie.
The Mercedes-Benz W187 is a luxury car produced by Mercedes-Benz from 1951 to 1955. Introduced at the Frankfurt Motor Show in April 1951, the W187 was powered by a single overhead camshaft inline six-cylinder M180 engine and available as a saloon, coupé, and cabriolet, all designated with the 220 model name. Despite its pre-World War II reputation as a manufacturer of luxury cars, in the immediate post-war years Mercedes-Benz produced only four-cylinder-engined passenger cars. The W187 Mercedes-Benz 220 and flagship W186 Mercedes-Benz 300 Adenauer introduced together in 1951 were the first Mercedes to once again feature six-cylinder engines.
The styling was similar to that of the Mercedes-Benz 170S except that the 170's freestanding headlights were for the 220 integrated into the fenders for a slightly more modern look. Two different cabriolet models were built, conceived as exclusive sporting cars of exclusive character, but these only sold 1,278 and 997 for the "A" (2-door, 2/3-seat) and "B" (2-door, 4-seat) versions, respectively.
In December 1953, just as the saloon and cabriolet "B" models were about to be replaced, a "Cabriolet A" derived W187 Coupé was announced for 1954. The Mercedes-Benz sales department let it be known that this development was a direct response to pressing requests from leading celebrities of the time.
During 1953 the manufacturer replaced the conventionally flat windscreen on the 2/3 seater "Cabriolet A" with a slightly curved screen, which also found its way on to the new coupé: this was a way of highlighting the sporting nature of both models. Nevertheless, the coupé once fitted, as many were, with a steel sunroof, was at the end of 1953 offered for 22,000 Marks which was nearly twice the price for the standard W187 "Limousine", and only 85 of the W187 coupés were actually sold. Between August 1952 and May 1953, 41 special soft top "OTP" bodied W187 220s were produced for the police.
All 220s used newly developed M180 six cylinder 2195cc engine producing 80 hp DIN (86 SAE) (59 kW). In contrast with the rather old fashioned look of the car's body, the new engines attracted much attention in the motoring press, being the first new engine presented by Mercedes-Benz in more than ten years.
The valves were operated by short rocker arms from an overhead camshaft. The engine was unusual in Europe at this time in having oversquare cylinder dimensions with a bore of 80.0mm and a stroke of only 72.8mm, which facilitated the design of an efficient cylinder head. The manufacturer claimed a top speed of 140 km/h (87 mph) for the saloons and 145 km/h (90 mph) for the cabriolets which was faster than the 52 PS (38 kW) powered 170S Cabriolet which the cabriolet version of the W187 replaced and from which its bodywork was derived. The new six-cylinder engine would form the basis, repeatedly enlarged and upgraded as the years went on, for a long line of six-cylinder engines powering mainstream Mercedes-Benz models including the six-cylinder version of the early S-Class models in the 1970s. Because of the extra power in what was, by modern standards, a heavy car, the W187 was equipped with Duplex drum brakes.
With the sedan/saloon bodied cars about to be delisted by the manufacturer in May 1954, in April 1954 the "Cabriolet A" and its Coupé derivative were fitted with a new higher compression 85 PS (63 kW) engine that had been developed for the soon to be announced Ponton bodied Mercedes-Benz W180. These faster sporting versions of the W187 continued in production for a further year. The 220 saloon was replaced by the W105/W180 line in 1953. The coupé and cabriolet continued until August 1955.
The saloon went out of production in May, 1954; the Cabriolet models continued for another 15 months until August 1955. The body of the W187 saloon was closely modelled on the 1938 Mercedes-Benz W153, and despite the modern engine that powered it, already looked old fashioned to many observers on the day it was introduced. Two years earlier, in 1949, the Borgward Hansa had served notice that car design had moved on since the 1930s, and the manufacturer's own 1953 W120 confirmed that "modern" European cars were following the North American trend to lower wider bodied designs. This has been seen as an explanation for the W187's own unusually short production run of slightly above three years for the saloon and less than five years for the longest lived of the Cabriolet models.
The W187 was immediately replaced with the Ponton bodied six cylinder Mercedes-Benz 220a (W180). When the cabriolet was withdrawn in 1955 there was no direct successor. However, slightly more than a year later the all-new Mercedes-Benz 220S Cabriolet and Coupé appeared, respectively in July and October 1956, using, like the saloon on which they were based, a modern ponton style body.
Copyright © 2014 Ruggero Poggianella
All rights reserved. Please, do not use my photos/videos without my written permission. Please note that the fact that "this photo is public" doesn't mean it's public domain or a free stock image. Unauthorized use is strictly prohibited. If you wish to use any of my images for any reason/purpose please contact me for written permission. Tous droits reservés. Défense d'utilisation de cette image sans ma permission. Todos derechos reservados.
© Copyright: All rights reserved.
© Copyright: No usar sin mi consentimiento.
© Copyright: Você não pode usar!
© Copyright: Sie dürfen es nicht kopieren!
Presentata al Salone dell'Automobile di Francoforte del 1951, la 220 era chiamata a sostituire la 230 W153, con la quale condivideva in pratica la stessa struttura telaistica, ad X con tubi a sezione ovale, utilizzata tra l'altro anche sulle più piccole 170V e 170S. Di questi modelli, tra l'altro, la 220 riprende anche l'impostazione stilistica decisamente retrò, tipica dei modelli del periodo immediatamente antecedente la Seconda guerra mondiale. La differenza estetica principale stava nel frontale, dove trovavano posto nuovi fari dal design più moderno, inglobati nei parafanghi.
La 220 è stata prodotta in tre varianti di carrozzeria, ancora separata dal telaio: berlina, cabriolet (a 2 o a 4 posti) e coupé. La berlina è stata di gran lunga la preferita dal pubblico, con 16.066 esemplari prodotti, mentre le cabriolet hanno totalizzato 2.275 esemplari e le coupé solamente 85 esemplari, anche a causa del fatto che la coupé è stata introdotta solo nel 1954, quando già mancava poco alla cessazione della produzione e quando la berlina non era più in produzione.
Le vere novità stavano nel motore M180 da 2.2 litri, primo 6 cilindri Mercedes-Benz del dopoguerra e primo superquadro della Casa tedesca, un motore di tipo monoalbero in testa, contrariamente al 2.3 litri della sua antenata, che era ad asse a camme laterale e valvole laterali. Con una potenza massima di 80 CV, questo motore spingeva la 220 ad una velocità massima di 140 km/h.
Il cambio era a 4 marce con frizione monodisco a secco, l'impianto frenante era idraulico a 4 tamburi e le sospensioni erano a ruote indipendenti con avantreno a triangoli trasversali e retrotreno a semiassi oscillanti.
La 220 proponeva anche alcune chicche per l'epoca, come la serratura di sicurezza per evitare l'apertura accidentale delle portiere, ed l'impianto di riscaldamento ottenibile a richiesta.
I prezzi di vendita delle 200 W187 erano di 11.925 marchi per la berlina, di 15.160 e 18.860 marchi per le due varianti di cabriolet previste e di ben 20.850 marchi per la coupé.
Tra il 1952 ed il 1953 venne realizzata una serie speciale di 220 (41 esemplari) con carrozzeria torpedo, destinate alle forze di polizia.
Nel 1954, come già detto, la berlina è stata tolta di produzione, sostituita dal modello 220S Ponton. Rimase in produzione solo la coupé, equipaggiata dal 2.2 litri M180 in versione leggermente più potente (85CV), montato sulle prime 220S berlina. La 220 Coupé W187 è stata tolta di produzione l'anno seguente, a sua volta rimpiazzata dalla versione coupé della 220S.
Durante la produzione del modello, vennero realizzati anche 47 telai nudi, destinati ad altre carrozzerie.
The Mercedes-Benz W187 is a luxury car produced by Mercedes-Benz from 1951 to 1955. Introduced at the Frankfurt Motor Show in April 1951, the W187 was powered by a single overhead camshaft inline six-cylinder M180 engine and available as a saloon, coupé, and cabriolet, all designated with the 220 model name. Despite its pre-World War II reputation as a manufacturer of luxury cars, in the immediate post-war years Mercedes-Benz produced only four-cylinder-engined passenger cars. The W187 Mercedes-Benz 220 and flagship W186 Mercedes-Benz 300 Adenauer introduced together in 1951 were the first Mercedes to once again feature six-cylinder engines.
The styling was similar to that of the Mercedes-Benz 170S except that the 170's freestanding headlights were for the 220 integrated into the fenders for a slightly more modern look. Two different cabriolet models were built, conceived as exclusive sporting cars of exclusive character, but these only sold 1,278 and 997 for the "A" (2-door, 2/3-seat) and "B" (2-door, 4-seat) versions, respectively.
In December 1953, just as the saloon and cabriolet "B" models were about to be replaced, a "Cabriolet A" derived W187 Coupé was announced for 1954. The Mercedes-Benz sales department let it be known that this development was a direct response to pressing requests from leading celebrities of the time.
During 1953 the manufacturer replaced the conventionally flat windscreen on the 2/3 seater "Cabriolet A" with a slightly curved screen, which also found its way on to the new coupé: this was a way of highlighting the sporting nature of both models. Nevertheless, the coupé once fitted, as many were, with a steel sunroof, was at the end of 1953 offered for 22,000 Marks which was nearly twice the price for the standard W187 "Limousine", and only 85 of the W187 coupés were actually sold. Between August 1952 and May 1953, 41 special soft top "OTP" bodied W187 220s were produced for the police.
All 220s used newly developed M180 six cylinder 2195cc engine producing 80 hp DIN (86 SAE) (59 kW). In contrast with the rather old fashioned look of the car's body, the new engines attracted much attention in the motoring press, being the first new engine presented by Mercedes-Benz in more than ten years.
The valves were operated by short rocker arms from an overhead camshaft. The engine was unusual in Europe at this time in having oversquare cylinder dimensions with a bore of 80.0mm and a stroke of only 72.8mm, which facilitated the design of an efficient cylinder head. The manufacturer claimed a top speed of 140 km/h (87 mph) for the saloons and 145 km/h (90 mph) for the cabriolets which was faster than the 52 PS (38 kW) powered 170S Cabriolet which the cabriolet version of the W187 replaced and from which its bodywork was derived. The new six-cylinder engine would form the basis, repeatedly enlarged and upgraded as the years went on, for a long line of six-cylinder engines powering mainstream Mercedes-Benz models including the six-cylinder version of the early S-Class models in the 1970s. Because of the extra power in what was, by modern standards, a heavy car, the W187 was equipped with Duplex drum brakes.
With the sedan/saloon bodied cars about to be delisted by the manufacturer in May 1954, in April 1954 the "Cabriolet A" and its Coupé derivative were fitted with a new higher compression 85 PS (63 kW) engine that had been developed for the soon to be announced Ponton bodied Mercedes-Benz W180. These faster sporting versions of the W187 continued in production for a further year. The 220 saloon was replaced by the W105/W180 line in 1953. The coupé and cabriolet continued until August 1955.
The saloon went out of production in May, 1954; the Cabriolet models continued for another 15 months until August 1955. The body of the W187 saloon was closely modelled on the 1938 Mercedes-Benz W153, and despite the modern engine that powered it, already looked old fashioned to many observers on the day it was introduced. Two years earlier, in 1949, the Borgward Hansa had served notice that car design had moved on since the 1930s, and the manufacturer's own 1953 W120 confirmed that "modern" European cars were following the North American trend to lower wider bodied designs. This has been seen as an explanation for the W187's own unusually short production run of slightly above three years for the saloon and less than five years for the longest lived of the Cabriolet models.
The W187 was immediately replaced with the Ponton bodied six cylinder Mercedes-Benz 220a (W180). When the cabriolet was withdrawn in 1955 there was no direct successor. However, slightly more than a year later the all-new Mercedes-Benz 220S Cabriolet and Coupé appeared, respectively in July and October 1956, using, like the saloon on which they were based, a modern ponton style body.
________________________________________________ __ _
Matériels utilisés :
Boitier: Nikon D7000
Objectif: Tamron SP AF 70-200mm f/2.8 Di LD (IF) Macro
Accessoires: Grip Phottix BG-D7000,
Logiciel: Lightroom 3.0
________________________________________________ __ _
Other page:
________________________________________________ __ _
© Josselin Dutheil - Merci de me contacter pour toute utilisation de la photographie.
-- - All rights reserved / Tous droits réservés - --
FRENCHL'agent orange est le surnom donné au plus utilisé des herbicides employés par l'armée des États-Unis lors de la guerre du Viêt Nam, en particulier entre 1961 et 1971. Notamment en raison de la présence de dioxine, ce défoliant chimique est responsable de plusieurs maladies chez les personnes ayant eu affaire à cet herbicide. En raison de la stabilité de la dioxine, les générations suivantes au Viêt Nam vivent encore en présence de ce produit cancérogène et tératogène, occasionnant des maladies diverses, des cancers et des malformations à la naissance.ENGLISHAgent Orange is the code name for a powerful herbicide and defoliant used by the U.S. military in its Herbicidal Warfare program during the Vietnam War. During the Vietnam War, an estimated 80 000 m³ of Agent Orange was sprayed across South Vietnam.Agent Orange's usage from 1961 to 1971 was by far the most used of the so-called "Rainbow Herbicides" used during the program. Degradation of Agent Orange (as well as Agents Purple, Pink, and Green) released dioxins, which have caused health problems for those exposed during the Vietnam War. Agents Blue and White were part of the same program but did not contain dioxins. During the Vietnam war, between 1962 and 1971, the United States military sprayed 77 million litres of chemical defoliants in South Vietnam as part of a defoliant program. The first objective was to reduce the dense jungle foliage so that Communist forces might not use it for cover and to deny them use of crops needed for subsistence.The second objective was spot clearing in sensitive areas such as around base perimeters.According to Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 4.8 million Vietnamese people were exposed to agent orange, resulting in 400,000 deaths and disabilities, and 500,000 children born with birth defects. The most affected zones are the mountainous area along Truong Son (Long Mountains) and the border between Vietnam and Cambodia. The affected residents are living in sub-standard conditions with many genetic diseases. The use of Agent Orange still has an affect on the citizens of Vietnam, poisoning their food chain and creating concern about its affect on human beings. This chemical has been reported to cause serious skin diseases as well as a vast variety of cancers in the lungs, larynx, and prostate. Children in the areas where Agent Orange was used have been affected and have multiple health problems including cleft palate, mental retardation, hernias, and extra fingers and toes.Much of the information on the effects of Agent Orange in Vietnam until the 21st century, were compiled by Vietnamese scientists in Vietnamese and largely unavailable to the worldwide English reader. However, general public perception in Vietnam is that the effects are severe and clearly visible in children of veterans and people in affected areas. Veterans have become increasingly concerned about the effects of Agent Orange to humans. While in Vietnam, the veterans were told not to worry, and were persuaded that the chemical was harmless. In the last few years, this opinion has changed, and studies show the true effects Agent Orange has on humans.
Copyright © 2014 Ruggero Poggianella
All rights reserved. Please, do not use my photos/videos without my written permission. Please note that the fact that "this photo is public" doesn't mean it's public domain or a free stock image. Unauthorized use is strictly prohibited. If you wish to use any of my images for any reason/purpose please contact me for written permission. Tous droits reservés. Défense d'utilisation de cette image sans ma permission. Todos derechos reservados.
© Copyright: All rights reserved.
© Copyright: No usar sin mi consentimiento.
© Copyright: Você não pode usar!
© Copyright: Sie dürfen es nicht kopieren!
Presentata al Salone dell'Automobile di Francoforte del 1951, la 220 era chiamata a sostituire la 230 W153, con la quale condivideva in pratica la stessa struttura telaistica, ad X con tubi a sezione ovale, utilizzata tra l'altro anche sulle più piccole 170V e 170S. Di questi modelli, tra l'altro, la 220 riprende anche l'impostazione stilistica decisamente retrò, tipica dei modelli del periodo immediatamente antecedente la Seconda guerra mondiale. La differenza estetica principale stava nel frontale, dove trovavano posto nuovi fari dal design più moderno, inglobati nei parafanghi.
La 220 è stata prodotta in tre varianti di carrozzeria, ancora separata dal telaio: berlina, cabriolet (a 2 o a 4 posti) e coupé. La berlina è stata di gran lunga la preferita dal pubblico, con 16.066 esemplari prodotti, mentre le cabriolet hanno totalizzato 2.275 esemplari e le coupé solamente 85 esemplari, anche a causa del fatto che la coupé è stata introdotta solo nel 1954, quando già mancava poco alla cessazione della produzione e quando la berlina non era più in produzione.
Le vere novità stavano nel motore M180 da 2.2 litri, primo 6 cilindri Mercedes-Benz del dopoguerra e primo superquadro della Casa tedesca, un motore di tipo monoalbero in testa, contrariamente al 2.3 litri della sua antenata, che era ad asse a camme laterale e valvole laterali. Con una potenza massima di 80 CV, questo motore spingeva la 220 ad una velocità massima di 140 km/h.
Il cambio era a 4 marce con frizione monodisco a secco, l'impianto frenante era idraulico a 4 tamburi e le sospensioni erano a ruote indipendenti con avantreno a triangoli trasversali e retrotreno a semiassi oscillanti.
La 220 proponeva anche alcune chicche per l'epoca, come la serratura di sicurezza per evitare l'apertura accidentale delle portiere, ed l'impianto di riscaldamento ottenibile a richiesta.
I prezzi di vendita delle 200 W187 erano di 11.925 marchi per la berlina, di 15.160 e 18.860 marchi per le due varianti di cabriolet previste e di ben 20.850 marchi per la coupé.
Tra il 1952 ed il 1953 venne realizzata una serie speciale di 220 (41 esemplari) con carrozzeria torpedo, destinate alle forze di polizia.
Nel 1954, come già detto, la berlina è stata tolta di produzione, sostituita dal modello 220S Ponton. Rimase in produzione solo la coupé, equipaggiata dal 2.2 litri M180 in versione leggermente più potente (85CV), montato sulle prime 220S berlina. La 220 Coupé W187 è stata tolta di produzione l'anno seguente, a sua volta rimpiazzata dalla versione coupé della 220S.
Durante la produzione del modello, vennero realizzati anche 47 telai nudi, destinati ad altre carrozzerie.
The Mercedes-Benz W187 is a luxury car produced by Mercedes-Benz from 1951 to 1955. Introduced at the Frankfurt Motor Show in April 1951, the W187 was powered by a single overhead camshaft inline six-cylinder M180 engine and available as a saloon, coupé, and cabriolet, all designated with the 220 model name. Despite its pre-World War II reputation as a manufacturer of luxury cars, in the immediate post-war years Mercedes-Benz produced only four-cylinder-engined passenger cars. The W187 Mercedes-Benz 220 and flagship W186 Mercedes-Benz 300 Adenauer introduced together in 1951 were the first Mercedes to once again feature six-cylinder engines.
The styling was similar to that of the Mercedes-Benz 170S except that the 170's freestanding headlights were for the 220 integrated into the fenders for a slightly more modern look. Two different cabriolet models were built, conceived as exclusive sporting cars of exclusive character, but these only sold 1,278 and 997 for the "A" (2-door, 2/3-seat) and "B" (2-door, 4-seat) versions, respectively.
In December 1953, just as the saloon and cabriolet "B" models were about to be replaced, a "Cabriolet A" derived W187 Coupé was announced for 1954. The Mercedes-Benz sales department let it be known that this development was a direct response to pressing requests from leading celebrities of the time.
During 1953 the manufacturer replaced the conventionally flat windscreen on the 2/3 seater "Cabriolet A" with a slightly curved screen, which also found its way on to the new coupé: this was a way of highlighting the sporting nature of both models. Nevertheless, the coupé once fitted, as many were, with a steel sunroof, was at the end of 1953 offered for 22,000 Marks which was nearly twice the price for the standard W187 "Limousine", and only 85 of the W187 coupés were actually sold. Between August 1952 and May 1953, 41 special soft top "OTP" bodied W187 220s were produced for the police.
All 220s used newly developed M180 six cylinder 2195cc engine producing 80 hp DIN (86 SAE) (59 kW). In contrast with the rather old fashioned look of the car's body, the new engines attracted much attention in the motoring press, being the first new engine presented by Mercedes-Benz in more than ten years.
The valves were operated by short rocker arms from an overhead camshaft. The engine was unusual in Europe at this time in having oversquare cylinder dimensions with a bore of 80.0mm and a stroke of only 72.8mm, which facilitated the design of an efficient cylinder head. The manufacturer claimed a top speed of 140 km/h (87 mph) for the saloons and 145 km/h (90 mph) for the cabriolets which was faster than the 52 PS (38 kW) powered 170S Cabriolet which the cabriolet version of the W187 replaced and from which its bodywork was derived. The new six-cylinder engine would form the basis, repeatedly enlarged and upgraded as the years went on, for a long line of six-cylinder engines powering mainstream Mercedes-Benz models including the six-cylinder version of the early S-Class models in the 1970s. Because of the extra power in what was, by modern standards, a heavy car, the W187 was equipped with Duplex drum brakes.
With the sedan/saloon bodied cars about to be delisted by the manufacturer in May 1954, in April 1954 the "Cabriolet A" and its Coupé derivative were fitted with a new higher compression 85 PS (63 kW) engine that had been developed for the soon to be announced Ponton bodied Mercedes-Benz W180. These faster sporting versions of the W187 continued in production for a further year. The 220 saloon was replaced by the W105/W180 line in 1953. The coupé and cabriolet continued until August 1955.
The saloon went out of production in May, 1954; the Cabriolet models continued for another 15 months until August 1955. The body of the W187 saloon was closely modelled on the 1938 Mercedes-Benz W153, and despite the modern engine that powered it, already looked old fashioned to many observers on the day it was introduced. Two years earlier, in 1949, the Borgward Hansa had served notice that car design had moved on since the 1930s, and the manufacturer's own 1953 W120 confirmed that "modern" European cars were following the North American trend to lower wider bodied designs. This has been seen as an explanation for the W187's own unusually short production run of slightly above three years for the saloon and less than five years for the longest lived of the Cabriolet models.
The W187 was immediately replaced with the Ponton bodied six cylinder Mercedes-Benz 220a (W180). When the cabriolet was withdrawn in 1955 there was no direct successor. However, slightly more than a year later the all-new Mercedes-Benz 220S Cabriolet and Coupé appeared, respectively in July and October 1956, using, like the saloon on which they were based, a modern ponton style body.
Crown Wine Cellars utilises the former British Army bunkers formerly known as the Deep Water Bay Bunkers.
The site was originally known as the Central Ordinance (Munitions) Depot, and the general area was known as Little Hong Kong. Construction of the bunkers was completed in 1937, at which time the entire site was comprised of 12 pairs of bunkers, a depot HQ, a sentry box and a guardhouse. Certain commentators have speculated that the guardhouse may have been constructed by the Japanese Military.
Government maps published by the War Office dated 1938 and 1945 failed to indicate the site, possibly due to the sensitivity of the facility. The first aerial photographs available date back to 1949 and clearly show a total number of 12 fill slopes. The minimal vegetation covering these slopes suggests that recent construction and/or improvement works had been undertaken at this time.
The British Army ceased its use of the site by 1977, and transferred control to the Hong Kong Police Driving School until the early 1980s.
Most of the bunkers were substantially altered in the mid 1980s as a result of the development of two residential apartments. This resulted in the loss of most of the original fill slopes and bunkers. The remaining bunkers were subsequently refitted and utilised by the Hong Kong Geotechnical Engineering Office from the mid 1990s until recently to store rock core samples.
Many of the original structures are still visible, and the site boundary can still be clearly identified. However, only 4 pairs of bunkers remain in their original condition, along with the guardhouse and sentry box. The depot HQ was unwittingly demolished in 2000, as it would appear that none of the officials involved recognised it as an historic structure.
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Matériels utilisés :
Boitier: Nikon D7000
Objectif: Tamron SP AF 10-24 mm F/3.5-4.5 Di II LD Aspherical (IF)
Accessoires: Grip Phottix BG-D7000
Logiciel: Lightroom 3.0
________________________________________________ __ _
Other page:
________________________________________________ __ _
© Josselin Dutheil - Merci de me contacter pour toute utilisation de la photographie.
-- - All rights reserved / Tous droits réservés - --
FRENCHL'agent orange est le surnom donné au plus utilisé des herbicides employés par l'armée des États-Unis lors de la guerre du Viêt Nam, en particulier entre 1961 et 1971. Notamment en raison de la présence de dioxine, ce défoliant chimique est responsable de plusieurs maladies chez les personnes ayant eu affaire à cet herbicide. En raison de la stabilité de la dioxine, les générations suivantes au Viêt Nam vivent encore en présence de ce produit cancérogène et tératogène, occasionnant des maladies diverses, des cancers et des malformations à la naissance.ENGLISHAgent Orange is the code name for a powerful herbicide and defoliant used by the U.S. military in its Herbicidal Warfare program during the Vietnam War. During the Vietnam War, an estimated 80 000 m³ of Agent Orange was sprayed across South Vietnam.Agent Orange's usage from 1961 to 1971 was by far the most used of the so-called "Rainbow Herbicides" used during the program. Degradation of Agent Orange (as well as Agents Purple, Pink, and Green) released dioxins, which have caused health problems for those exposed during the Vietnam War. Agents Blue and White were part of the same program but did not contain dioxins. During the Vietnam war, between 1962 and 1971, the United States military sprayed 77 million litres of chemical defoliants in South Vietnam as part of a defoliant program. The first objective was to reduce the dense jungle foliage so that Communist forces might not use it for cover and to deny them use of crops needed for subsistence.The second objective was spot clearing in sensitive areas such as around base perimeters.According to Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 4.8 million Vietnamese people were exposed to agent orange, resulting in 400,000 deaths and disabilities, and 500,000 children born with birth defects. The most affected zones are the mountainous area along Truong Son (Long Mountains) and the border between Vietnam and Cambodia. The affected residents are living in sub-standard conditions with many genetic diseases. The use of Agent Orange still has an affect on the citizens of Vietnam, poisoning their food chain and creating concern about its affect on human beings. This chemical has been reported to cause serious skin diseases as well as a vast variety of cancers in the lungs, larynx, and prostate. Children in the areas where Agent Orange was used have been affected and have multiple health problems including cleft palate, mental retardation, hernias, and extra fingers and toes.Much of the information on the effects of Agent Orange in Vietnam until the 21st century, were compiled by Vietnamese scientists in Vietnamese and largely unavailable to the worldwide English reader. However, general public perception in Vietnam is that the effects are severe and clearly visible in children of veterans and people in affected areas. Veterans have become increasingly concerned about the effects of Agent Orange to humans. While in Vietnam, the veterans were told not to worry, and were persuaded that the chemical was harmless. In the last few years, this opinion has changed, and studies show the true effects Agent Orange has on humans.
Copyright © 2012 Ruggero Poggianella Photostream.
All rights reserved. Please, do not use my photos/videos without my written permission.
Please note that the fact that "This photo is public" doesn't mean it's public domain or a free stock image. Unauthorized use is strictly prohibited. If you wish to use any of my images for any reason/purpose please contact me for written permission. Tous droits reservés. Défense d'utilisation de cette image sans ma permission. Todos derechos reservados. No usar sin mi consentimiento.
© Copyright: Você não pode usar !
© Copyright: Sie dürfen es nicht kopieren !
© حقوق النشر محفوظة. لا يمكنك استخدام الصورة
Vous accèderez au souk des tanneurs, le quartier Chouara, en empruntant la rue Mechatine qui vous éloigne du centre de la médina. En effet, en raison de la très forte odeur liée aux émanations plus ou moins toxiques produites par le travail du cuir, les tanneurs sont cantonnés en périphérie de la vieille ville, à l’instar des teinturiers, situés eux, plus au sud le long de l’Oued Boukhareb. La plupart des maroquiniers situés dans le quartier des tanneurs disposent d’une terrasse permettant d’observer les puits en briques de terre séchée et en carreaux, où sont réalisés le tannage et la teinture des peaux. Ce spectacle peut ravir du fait de la beauté des couleurs présentes sous vos yeux. Néanmoins, l’odeur et les conditions de travail des ouvriers qui participent à cette activité devraient apporter une sérieuse limite à votre contentement. La visite de ces tanneries constitue pourtant une expérience intéressante. Tout en vous confrontant à certaines problématiques illustrant les difficultés actuelles du Maroc dans son développement économique (normes d’hygiène et de sécurité, travail des enfants), elle vous permettra d’en savoir plus sur le processus de fabrication des babouches, sacs, portefeuille et autres souvenirs pittoresques du Maroc, confectionnés grâce au savoir faire pluriséculaire de ces artisans.
Le processus de fabrication des cuirs. Quatre type de peaux sont utilisées pour confectionner des cuirs de différente qualité : la peau de dromadaire est la meilleure marché, puis vient celle de vache, enfin les peaux de chèvre et de mouton produisent les cuirs les plus précieux. Les peaux, portées à dos d’âne dans ce souk, sont tout d’abord plongées quelques jours dans des cuves remplies de chaux, de fiente de pigeon et d’ammoniac pour les nettoyer. Elles sont ensuite transférées dans les bacs de teinture où les artisans les foulent à pieds nus tous les jours de 6H à 14h30. Au mieux, ce sont des produits naturels qui sont exclusivement utilisés pour la teinture : le coquelicot pour la teinture rouge, la menthe pour le vert, l’indigo pour le bleu, le khôl pour le noir, le henné pour le orange, un mélange d’huile et de grenadier pour le jaune. Mais parfois, ces produits traditionnels sont mélangés à des produits autrement plus toxiques tel que le chrome, par ailleurs fortement polluant. Les peaux ainsi préparées pendant une semaine, sont ensuite rincées et assouplies pendant une journée au moyen d’une machine en bois dans laquelle on les fait tourner. Après avoir profité de la vue sur les tanneries du haut de sa terrasse, votre hôte appréciera un geste commercial de votre part.
Fès è il simbolo spirituale e culturale del Marocco ed è da molti considerata la più grande città islamica medievale ancora esistente. Camminando nel labirinto dei suoi vicoli,attraverso i suoi souk affollati di gente, si ha l’impressione che il tempo da allora non sia mai passato. Non ostante l’elettricità ed il turismo abbiano fatto il loro ingresso nella medina ormai da tempo, gli abitanti della città continuano a vivere e lavorare rispettando le antiche tradizioni. Una di queste tradizioni millenarie è appunto la conciatura delle pelli che in alcune zone del Marocco avviene ancora oggi seguendo pratiche sviluppate in epoca medievale. Da secoli il pellame marocchino è ritenuto tra i migliori al mondo. Le pelli sono ancora trasportate a dorso d’asino attraverso i vicoli della città fino alle vasche, che continuano ad essere costruite secondo il tradizionale modello a nido d’ape. I prodotti usati durante la lavorazione del pellame e la tintura sono sempre gli stessi: escrementi di piccione ed urina di mucca, mischiati a calce, per la conciatura ed indaco, zafferano e papavero, usati come coloranti. Purtroppo anche le condizioni lavorative, igieniche e di sicurezza sono rimaste immutate nel tempo. La maggior parte dei conciatori, costretti a stare immersi nelle vasche fino alle ginocchia ogni giorno, inizia a soffrire di reumatismi non appena passati i quaranta anni, momento in cui i figli vengono avviati al mestiere, mantenendo la natura ereditaria di questa antica arte.
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Matériels utilisés :
Boitier: Nikon D7000
Objectif: Tamron SP 28-75mm F/2,8 XR Di LD ASL [IF] MACRO
Accessoires: Grip Phottix BG-D7000,
Logiciel: Lightroom 3.0
________________________________________________ __ _
Other page:
________________________________________________ __ _
© Josselin Dutheil - Merci de me contacter pour toute utilisation de la photographie.
-- - All rights reserved / Tous droits réservés - --
________________________________________________ __ _
Matériels utilisés :
Boitier: Nikon D7000
Objectif: Tamron SP AF 10-24 mm F/3.5-4.5 Di II LD Aspherical (IF)
Accessoires: Grip Phottix BG-D7000
Logiciel: Lightroom 3.0
________________________________________________ __ _
Other page:
________________________________________________ __ _
© Josselin Dutheil - Merci de me contacter pour toute utilisation de la photographie.
-- - All rights reserved / Tous droits réservés - --
Photo recadrée et utilisée par Wikipedia Brest contre ma volonté exprimée, sous prétexte que l’œuvre est dans le domaine public. Comparez l’EXIF :
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton_Hay_1897_M...
James Hamilton HAY
(Birkenhead, 1874 - Heswall, Wirral, 1916)
Marine
1897
Huile sur toile, 62 × 67 cm
Acquisition 1974
Brest Musée des Beaux-Arts
08/06/2019 : nouvelle photo
Comme cet autre artiste de Liverpool Maxwell Gordon Lightfoot avec qui il présente bien des affinités, Hay était resté peu connu jusqu'à ce qu'une exposition en 1973 à la Walker Art Gallery de Liverpool le révèle au public. A Paris même l'on put voir en avril 1974 dans une galerie parisienne trois de ses tableaux dans l'exposition Le Paysage anglais.
L'oeuvre présentée ici s'inscrit dans la courte période symboliste du peintre qui, à partir de 1910, devait s'intéresser au post-Impressionisme.
Catalogue "Renaissance du Musée de Brest" : bibliotheque.idbe.bzh/data/cle_140/Renaissance_du_MusAe_d...
Après un passage à l’École d’Art de Liverpool, James Hamilton Hay (Birkenhead, Royaume-Uni, 1874 – Londres, 1916) décide d’organiser des expositions de peintres contemporains dans la même ville. Il part ensuite pour Londres en 1911, mais sa peinture reste imprégnée des images de Liverpool et des rives de son fleuve. Il faut attendre 1973 et la rétrospective à la Walker Art Gallery pour que son œuvre soit révélée au grand public.
Ce paysage s’inscrit dans la courte période symboliste du peintre, pendant laquelle il participe de cet art de la suggestion, qui s’abstrait du descriptif.
Dossier pédagogique pour l'exposition "Les retrouvailles" (1er juillet - 26 novembre 2017) : musee.brest.fr/fileadmin/imported_for_brest/fileadmin/Sit...
FRENCHL'agent orange est le surnom donné au plus utilisé des herbicides employés par l'armée des États-Unis lors de la guerre du Viêt Nam, en particulier entre 1961 et 1971. Notamment en raison de la présence de dioxine, ce défoliant chimique est responsable de plusieurs maladies chez les personnes ayant eu affaire à cet herbicide. En raison de la stabilité de la dioxine, les générations suivantes au Viêt Nam vivent encore en présence de ce produit cancérogène et tératogène, occasionnant des maladies diverses, des cancers et des malformations à la naissance.ENGLISHAgent Orange is the code name for a powerful herbicide and defoliant used by the U.S. military in its Herbicidal Warfare program during the Vietnam War. During the Vietnam War, an estimated 80 000 m³ of Agent Orange was sprayed across South Vietnam.Agent Orange's usage from 1961 to 1971 was by far the most used of the so-called "Rainbow Herbicides" used during the program. Degradation of Agent Orange (as well as Agents Purple, Pink, and Green) released dioxins, which have caused health problems for those exposed during the Vietnam War. Agents Blue and White were part of the same program but did not contain dioxins. During the Vietnam war, between 1962 and 1971, the United States military sprayed 77 million litres of chemical defoliants in South Vietnam as part of a defoliant program. The first objective was to reduce the dense jungle foliage so that Communist forces might not use it for cover and to deny them use of crops needed for subsistence.The second objective was spot clearing in sensitive areas such as around base perimeters.According to Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 4.8 million Vietnamese people were exposed to agent orange, resulting in 400,000 deaths and disabilities, and 500,000 children born with birth defects. The most affected zones are the mountainous area along Truong Son (Long Mountains) and the border between Vietnam and Cambodia. The affected residents are living in sub-standard conditions with many genetic diseases. The use of Agent Orange still has an affect on the citizens of Vietnam, poisoning their food chain and creating concern about its affect on human beings. This chemical has been reported to cause serious skin diseases as well as a vast variety of cancers in the lungs, larynx, and prostate. Children in the areas where Agent Orange was used have been affected and have multiple health problems including cleft palate, mental retardation, hernias, and extra fingers and toes.Much of the information on the effects of Agent Orange in Vietnam until the 21st century, were compiled by Vietnamese scientists in Vietnamese and largely unavailable to the worldwide English reader. However, general public perception in Vietnam is that the effects are severe and clearly visible in children of veterans and people in affected areas. Veterans have become increasingly concerned about the effects of Agent Orange to humans. While in Vietnam, the veterans were told not to worry, and were persuaded that the chemical was harmless. In the last few years, this opinion has changed, and studies show the true effects Agent Orange has on humans.
Earth Designs Garden Design and Build were asked to created a landscape and propose garden design in Romford, Essex here are the details of the project.
The Wildlife Garden in Romford, Essex RM6 4YH
Brief: The plot in this project was a small, tired looking, sub-urban back garden. Its boundaries were a mish-mash of different fences with an unattractive and rickety wall along its back perimeter. The existing flooring consisted of reasonably good quality concrete paving, which the clients were happy to utilise in the redesign to reduce costs.
The clients requested a low maintenance space and specifically did not want lawn.
Solution: This is a fairly fluid design, featuring a series of interconnected circular areas of hard flooring to provide ample room for seating and relaxation while maximising the available planting space.
The existing fences and wall were removed and replaced along the entire boundary with new shiplap panels. A new shiplap gate was erected in the left hand corner of the space to allow access to an alley beyond.
The centre of the space features a gravel circle edged with red brick, to create an area large enough to accommodate a table and chairs for alfresco dining. This area also features a 12ft crab apple tree planted off centre within the gravel. 'Growing' from this main circle is a crescent of red half-bricks retaining a bed of loose cobbles.
Also adjoining the main circle is a smaller, brick-edged circle of crazy paving close to the house, constructed using the client's exiting paving and edged with red brick. This smaller circle has a crescent of loose cobbles adjoining it to the right. In the top right of the space we find a second circle of brick-edged crazy paving. This is joined to the main gravel circle by a railway sleeper bridge running over a crescent shaped butyl-lined pond. The pond itself is also brick edged and features two 'geyser'-style spouts, one on either side of the sleeper bridge.
The area in the bottom right hand corner of the garden has been set aside for a small storage unit, utilising the clients existing paving to create a cost-effective hard standing.
A wild-life oriented planting scheme provides the finishing touches to the space. Featuring hot colours, reds and yellows with splashes of purple, the flora was been chosen to provide year round interest and consists almost exclusively of perennials and evergreen shrubs and trees to keep maintenance to a minimum.
Testimonial: "Earth Designs have transformed a desolate concrete wasteland that we never used into a beautiful space in which we spend time almost every day. Katrina listened carefully to what we wanted and her first design was just perfect for us.
The build team worked hard to make sure every detail was to our satisfaction. If we move and need another garden transformation, we'll be using Earth Designs again."
If you dig this and would like to find out more about this or any of other of our designs, please stop by our web-site and have a look at our work.
Earth Designs is a bespoke London Garden Design and build company specialising in classic, funky and urban contemporary garden design.
Our Landscape and Garden build teams cover London, Essex and parts of South East England, while garden designs are available nationwide.
Please visit www.earthdesigns.co.uk to see our full portfolio. If you would like a garden designer in London or have an idea of what you wan and are looking for a landscaper London to come and visit your garden, please get in touch.
Follow our Bespoke Garden Design and Build and Blog to see what we get up to week by week, our free design clinic as well as tips and products we recommend for your garden projects www.earthdesigns.co.uk/blog/.
Earth Designs is located in East London, but has built gardens in Essex, Hertfordshire and all over the South East. Earth Designs was formed by Katrina Wells in Spring 2003 and has since gone from strength to strength to develop a considerable portfolio of garden projects. Katrina, who is our Senior Garden Designer, has travelled all over the UK designing gardens. However we can design worldwide either through our postal garden design service or b
y consultation with our senior garden designer. Recent worldwide projects have included garden designs in Romania. Katrina’s husband. Matt, heads up the build side of the company, creating a unique service for all our clients.
If you a not a UK resident, but would like an Earth Designs garden, Earth Designs has a worldwide design service through our Garden Design Postal Design Vouchers. If you are looking for an unique birthday present or original anniversary present and would like to buy one of our Garden Design Gift Vouchers for yourself or as a present please our sister site www.gardenpresents.co.uk. We do also design outside of the UK, please contact us for details.
Le pare ballon est utilisé dans les stades pour empêcher le franchissement des ballons.
Plus d'infos : www.lippi.fr, www.wiki-lippi.com/index.php/Pare_ballon
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Boitier: Nikon D7000
Objectif: Sigma 135-400mm f4-5-5-6 APO DG
Accessoires: Grip Phottix BG-D7000,
Logiciel: Lightroom 3.0
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© Josselin Dutheil - Merci de me contacter pour toute utilisation de la photographie.
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Matériels utilisés :
Boitier: Nikon D7000
Objectif: Sigma 135-400mm f4-5-5-6 APO DG
Accessoires: Grip Phottix BG-D7000,
Logiciel: Lightroom 3.0
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Debian BackGround, à utiliser sans modération comme fond d'écran(s) :)
If you want this photo for you pc at 4/3, please get this file image
(1600x1200) rezised and scaled.
Crown Wine Cellars utilises the former British Army bunkers formerly known as the Deep Water Bay Bunkers.
The site was originally known as the Central Ordinance (Munitions) Depot, and the general area was known as Little Hong Kong. Construction of the bunkers was completed in 1937, at which time the entire site was comprised of 12 pairs of bunkers, a depot HQ, a sentry box and a guardhouse. Certain commentators have speculated that the guardhouse may have been constructed by the Japanese Military.
Government maps published by the War Office dated 1938 and 1945 failed to indicate the site, possibly due to the sensitivity of the facility. The first aerial photographs available date back to 1949 and clearly show a total number of 12 fill slopes. The minimal vegetation covering these slopes suggests that recent construction and/or improvement works had been undertaken at this time.
The British Army ceased its use of the site by 1977, and transferred control to the Hong Kong Police Driving School until the early 1980s.
Most of the bunkers were substantially altered in the mid 1980s as a result of the development of two residential apartments. This resulted in the loss of most of the original fill slopes and bunkers. The remaining bunkers were subsequently refitted and utilised by the Hong Kong Geotechnical Engineering Office from the mid 1990s until recently to store rock core samples.
Many of the original structures are still visible, and the site boundary can still be clearly identified. However, only 4 pairs of bunkers remain in their original condition, along with the guardhouse and sentry box. The depot HQ was unwittingly demolished in 2000, as it would appear that none of the officials involved recognised it as an historic structure.
Copyright © 2014 Ruggero Poggianella
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Presentata al Salone dell'Automobile di Francoforte del 1951, la 220 era chiamata a sostituire la 230 W153, con la quale condivideva in pratica la stessa struttura telaistica, ad X con tubi a sezione ovale, utilizzata tra l'altro anche sulle più piccole 170V e 170S. Di questi modelli, tra l'altro, la 220 riprende anche l'impostazione stilistica decisamente retrò, tipica dei modelli del periodo immediatamente antecedente la Seconda guerra mondiale. La differenza estetica principale stava nel frontale, dove trovavano posto nuovi fari dal design più moderno, inglobati nei parafanghi.
La 220 è stata prodotta in tre varianti di carrozzeria, ancora separata dal telaio: berlina, cabriolet (a 2 o a 4 posti) e coupé. La berlina è stata di gran lunga la preferita dal pubblico, con 16.066 esemplari prodotti, mentre le cabriolet hanno totalizzato 2.275 esemplari e le coupé solamente 85 esemplari, anche a causa del fatto che la coupé è stata introdotta solo nel 1954, quando già mancava poco alla cessazione della produzione e quando la berlina non era più in produzione.
Le vere novità stavano nel motore M180 da 2.2 litri, primo 6 cilindri Mercedes-Benz del dopoguerra e primo superquadro della Casa tedesca, un motore di tipo monoalbero in testa, contrariamente al 2.3 litri della sua antenata, che era ad asse a camme laterale e valvole laterali. Con una potenza massima di 80 CV, questo motore spingeva la 220 ad una velocità massima di 140 km/h.
Il cambio era a 4 marce con frizione monodisco a secco, l'impianto frenante era idraulico a 4 tamburi e le sospensioni erano a ruote indipendenti con avantreno a triangoli trasversali e retrotreno a semiassi oscillanti.
La 220 proponeva anche alcune chicche per l'epoca, come la serratura di sicurezza per evitare l'apertura accidentale delle portiere, ed l'impianto di riscaldamento ottenibile a richiesta.
I prezzi di vendita delle 200 W187 erano di 11.925 marchi per la berlina, di 15.160 e 18.860 marchi per le due varianti di cabriolet previste e di ben 20.850 marchi per la coupé.
Tra il 1952 ed il 1953 venne realizzata una serie speciale di 220 (41 esemplari) con carrozzeria torpedo, destinate alle forze di polizia.
Nel 1954, come già detto, la berlina è stata tolta di produzione, sostituita dal modello 220S Ponton. Rimase in produzione solo la coupé, equipaggiata dal 2.2 litri M180 in versione leggermente più potente (85CV), montato sulle prime 220S berlina. La 220 Coupé W187 è stata tolta di produzione l'anno seguente, a sua volta rimpiazzata dalla versione coupé della 220S.
Durante la produzione del modello, vennero realizzati anche 47 telai nudi, destinati ad altre carrozzerie.
The Mercedes-Benz W187 is a luxury car produced by Mercedes-Benz from 1951 to 1955. Introduced at the Frankfurt Motor Show in April 1951, the W187 was powered by a single overhead camshaft inline six-cylinder M180 engine and available as a saloon, coupé, and cabriolet, all designated with the 220 model name. Despite its pre-World War II reputation as a manufacturer of luxury cars, in the immediate post-war years Mercedes-Benz produced only four-cylinder-engined passenger cars. The W187 Mercedes-Benz 220 and flagship W186 Mercedes-Benz 300 Adenauer introduced together in 1951 were the first Mercedes to once again feature six-cylinder engines.
The styling was similar to that of the Mercedes-Benz 170S except that the 170's freestanding headlights were for the 220 integrated into the fenders for a slightly more modern look. Two different cabriolet models were built, conceived as exclusive sporting cars of exclusive character, but these only sold 1,278 and 997 for the "A" (2-door, 2/3-seat) and "B" (2-door, 4-seat) versions, respectively.
In December 1953, just as the saloon and cabriolet "B" models were about to be replaced, a "Cabriolet A" derived W187 Coupé was announced for 1954. The Mercedes-Benz sales department let it be known that this development was a direct response to pressing requests from leading celebrities of the time.
During 1953 the manufacturer replaced the conventionally flat windscreen on the 2/3 seater "Cabriolet A" with a slightly curved screen, which also found its way on to the new coupé: this was a way of highlighting the sporting nature of both models. Nevertheless, the coupé once fitted, as many were, with a steel sunroof, was at the end of 1953 offered for 22,000 Marks which was nearly twice the price for the standard W187 "Limousine", and only 85 of the W187 coupés were actually sold. Between August 1952 and May 1953, 41 special soft top "OTP" bodied W187 220s were produced for the police.
All 220s used newly developed M180 six cylinder 2195cc engine producing 80 hp DIN (86 SAE) (59 kW). In contrast with the rather old fashioned look of the car's body, the new engines attracted much attention in the motoring press, being the first new engine presented by Mercedes-Benz in more than ten years.
The valves were operated by short rocker arms from an overhead camshaft. The engine was unusual in Europe at this time in having oversquare cylinder dimensions with a bore of 80.0mm and a stroke of only 72.8mm, which facilitated the design of an efficient cylinder head. The manufacturer claimed a top speed of 140 km/h (87 mph) for the saloons and 145 km/h (90 mph) for the cabriolets which was faster than the 52 PS (38 kW) powered 170S Cabriolet which the cabriolet version of the W187 replaced and from which its bodywork was derived. The new six-cylinder engine would form the basis, repeatedly enlarged and upgraded as the years went on, for a long line of six-cylinder engines powering mainstream Mercedes-Benz models including the six-cylinder version of the early S-Class models in the 1970s. Because of the extra power in what was, by modern standards, a heavy car, the W187 was equipped with Duplex drum brakes.
With the sedan/saloon bodied cars about to be delisted by the manufacturer in May 1954, in April 1954 the "Cabriolet A" and its Coupé derivative were fitted with a new higher compression 85 PS (63 kW) engine that had been developed for the soon to be announced Ponton bodied Mercedes-Benz W180. These faster sporting versions of the W187 continued in production for a further year. The 220 saloon was replaced by the W105/W180 line in 1953. The coupé and cabriolet continued until August 1955.
The saloon went out of production in May, 1954; the Cabriolet models continued for another 15 months until August 1955. The body of the W187 saloon was closely modelled on the 1938 Mercedes-Benz W153, and despite the modern engine that powered it, already looked old fashioned to many observers on the day it was introduced. Two years earlier, in 1949, the Borgward Hansa had served notice that car design had moved on since the 1930s, and the manufacturer's own 1953 W120 confirmed that "modern" European cars were following the North American trend to lower wider bodied designs. This has been seen as an explanation for the W187's own unusually short production run of slightly above three years for the saloon and less than five years for the longest lived of the Cabriolet models.
The W187 was immediately replaced with the Ponton bodied six cylinder Mercedes-Benz 220a (W180). When the cabriolet was withdrawn in 1955 there was no direct successor. However, slightly more than a year later the all-new Mercedes-Benz 220S Cabriolet and Coupé appeared, respectively in July and October 1956, using, like the saloon on which they were based, a modern ponton style body.
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Matériels utilisés :
Boitier: Nikon D7000
Objectif: Tamron SP AF 10-24 mm F/3.5-4.5 Di II LD Aspherical (IF)
Accessoires: Grip Phottix BG-D7000
Logiciel: Lightroom 3.0
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© Josselin Dutheil - Merci de me contacter pour toute utilisation de la photographie.
-- - All rights reserved / Tous droits réservés - --
Matériels utilisés :
. Canon EOS 7D
. EF S 18-135 IS 1: 3,5 - 5,6 IS
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© Marceau Rouvre - Photographie & Graphisme
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Matériels utilisés :
Boitier: Nikon D7000
Objectif: Sigma 135-400mm f4-5-5-6 APO DG
Accessoires: Grip Phottix BG-D7000,
Logiciel: Lightroom 3.0
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Other page:
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© Josselin Dutheil - Merci de me contacter pour toute utilisation de la photographie.
-- - All rights reserved / Tous droits réservés - --
________________________________________________ __ _
Matériels utilisés :
Boitier: Nikon D7000
Objectif: Sigma 135-400mm f4-5-5-6 APO DG
Accessoires: Grip Phottix BG-D7000,
Logiciel: Lightroom 3.0
________________________________________________ __ _
Other page:
________________________________________________ __ _
© Josselin Dutheil - Merci de me contacter pour toute utilisation de la photographie.
-- - All rights reserved / Tous droits réservés - --