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Zingiberaceae (ginger family) » Alpinia zerumbet
al-PIN-ee-uh -- named for Prospero Alpino, Italian botanist
ZER-um-bet -- derived from a Persian word
commonly known as: butterfly ginger, light galangal, pink porcelain lily, shell flower, shell ginger • Chinese: 艳山姜 da cao kou • Finnish: galangajuuri • German: porzellan-ingwerlilie • Japanese: getto • Maori (Cook Islands): kaopu‘i, kopi ‘enua • Pinyin: yàn shanjiang • Swedish: galangarot • Russian: al'piniia prekrasnaia • Samoan: teuila • Thai: ข่าคม kha khom • Tongan: teuila • Vietnamese: gừng ấm, riềng ấm, riềng đẹp, sẹ nước
Native to: India, eastern Asia
References: Flowers of India • Floridata • Wikipedia • PIER species info • M.M.P.N.D.
Fabaceae (pea, or legume family) » Senna tora
SEN-nuh -- Latin form of Arabic word for a thorny bush
TOR-uh -- most probably, from the vernacular name of the plant, tovara
commonly known as: Chinese senna, foetid cassia, Java bean, low senna, peanut weed, sickle senna, sicklepod, stinking cassia • Bengali: chakunda • Gujarati: kawaria, kuvadio • Hindi: चकूंदा chakunda, चकवंड chakwand, एड़गज edgaj, पद्माट padmat, पंवार panwar, प्रपुनाट prapunat , तर्किल tarkil • Kannada: ತಗಚೆ tagache • Konkani: टाय्किळो taykilo • Malayalam: takara • Manipuri: থৌনম নমথীবী thaunum namthibi • Marathi: टाकळा or टांकळा takala, तरवड tarvad • Oriya: chakunda • Pali: एळगल elagala, कंबोजी kamboji • Punjabi: ਪਵਾਰ pawár • Sanskrit: चक्रमर्दकः chakramardakah, चक्रम्गजः chakramgajah, दद्रुघ्नः dadrughnah, एडगजः edgajah, पद्मटः padmatah, प्रपुनाट prapunat, तर्किल tarkil, उरणक्षकः uranakshakah, विमर्दकः vimardakh • Tamil: தகரை thagarai • Telugu: తగర tagara, తగిరిసచెట్టు tagaricettu, తంటెము tantemu • Urdu: ايڙگج ergaj
Native to: s China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, Malesia; widely naturalized
References: Flowers of India • Purdue University • PIER • M.M.P.N.D. • DDSA
Jeniang, Kedah, Malaysia.
Solanum ferox L. Solanaceae. CN: [Malay and regional vernacular names and sharing with other similar species such as S. macrocarpon - Terung masam. Terung bulu, Terong asam, Terong Dayak, Terong Iban, Tabanburo, Tarambulo, Sinkade, Tarabi], Hairy-fruited eggplant, Malaysian sunplant, Yellow-fruited nightshade. Native to China, Taiwan, Indian Subcontinent (Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka), Indo-China (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam), Malesia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines), Solomon Islands. S. ferox is an unresolved name according to The Plant List, while GRIN and FRIM classify the species name S. ferox as auct.and a synonym to S. lasiocarpum and S. indicum. Many hybrids and cultivars. Some of the cultivated "Domesticum Group" ones are devoid of fuzzy hairs around fruits, reduced prickles on vegetative parts and variable fruit sizes. The specimen is a wild type armed with sharp prickles at its vegetative parts usually found on waste ground and quite widespread. The fruits are used in sauces and curries and, like those of most of these (eggplant / nightshade borderline) plants, have a sour taste. In traditional medicine the seeds are used to treat toothache by rolling them in a banana leaf, burning them as a cigar and inhaling the smoke. The roots are used to cure wounds, severe bruises, itch, syphilis and to relieve violent pains all over the body. The fuzzy irritating hairs are easily removed by briefly passing over an open fire or rubbed with coconut husk.
Synonym(s):
Solanum indicum L.
Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal
Solanum immane Hance ex Walp.
Solanum ferox auct.
Solanum lasiocarpum var. velutinum Dunal
Ref. and suggested reading:
FRIM Flora Database
www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/tro-29604513
www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/tro-29600277
www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?416240
zipcodezoo.com/Plants/s/Solanum_ferox/
www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/new/Sorting/CATALOGUE/Pt2-A...
Jeniang, Kedah, Malaysia.
Solanum ferox L. Solanaceae. CN: [Malay and regional vernacular names and sharing with other similar species such as S. macrocarpon - Terung masam. Terung bulu, Terong asam, Terong Dayak, Terong Iban, Tabanburo, Tarambulo, Sinkade, Tarabi], Hairy-fruited eggplant, Malaysian sunplant, Yellow-fruited nightshade. Native to China, Taiwan, Indian Subcontinent (Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka), Indo-China (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam), Malesia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines), Solomon Islands. S. ferox is an unresolved name according to The Plant List, while GRIN and FRIM classify the species name S. ferox as auct.and a synonym to S. lasiocarpum and S. indicum. Many hybrids and cultivars. Some of the cultivated "Domesticum Group" ones are devoid of fuzzy hairs around fruits, reduced prickles on vegetative parts and variable fruit sizes. The specimen is a wild type armed with sharp prickles at its vegetative parts usually found on waste ground. and quite widespread. The fruits are used in sauces and curries and, like those of most of these (eggplant / nightshade borderline) plants, have a sour taste. In traditional medicine the seeds are used to treat toothache by rolling them in a banana leaf, burning them as a cigar and inhaling the smoke. The roots are used to cure wounds, severe bruises, itch, syphilis and to relieve violent pains all over the body. The fuzzy irritating hairs are easily removed by briefly passing over an open fire or rubbed with coconut husk.
Synonym(s):
Solanum indicum L.
Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal
Solanum immane Hance ex Walp.
Solanum ferox auct.
Solanum lasiocarpum var. velutinum Dunal
Ref. and suggested reading:
FRIM Flora Database
www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/tro-29604513
www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/tro-29600277
www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?416240
zipcodezoo.com/Plants/s/Solanum_ferox/
www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/new/Sorting/CATALOGUE/Pt2-A...
Flacourtiaceae (coffee plum family) » Flacourtia indica
flak-KOOR-tee-uh -- named for Etienne de Flacourt, director of the Fr. East India Company
IN-dih-kuh or in-DEE-kuh -- of or from India
commonly known as: batoka plum, flacourtia, governor’s plum, Indian plum, Madagascar plum, Mauritius plum, Rhodesia plum • Hindi: बिलाङ्गड़ा bilangada • Konkani: बाभुळी तांबट babhuli tambat • Malayalam: കരിമുള്ളി karimulli • Marathi: अठरुन athruna, तांबूट tambut • Sanskrit: श्रृववृक्ष shruvavrikksha • Tamil: சொத்தைக்களா cottai-k-kala • Telugu: నక్కనేరేడు nakka-neredu
Native to: tropical Africa, southern Africa, Madagascar, tropical Asia; naturalized elsewhere
References: World Agroforestry Centre • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS - FRLHT
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus hispida
FY-kus or FIK-us from the Latin for fig
HISS-pih-duh -- with bristly hairs
commonly known as: devil fig, hairy fig, opposite-leaved fig-tree, rough-leaved fig • Gujarati: ધેડ ઉંબર dhed umbar • Hindi: गोबला gobla, कगशा kagsha, काला उम्बर kala umbar, कटगूलरिया katgularia, फल्गु phalgu • Kannada: ಅಡವಿ ಅತ್ತಿ adavi atti, ಕದ ಅತ್ತಿ kada atti • Konkani: खरवोटी kharvoti • Malayalam: എരുമനാക്ക് erumanaakk, കാട്ടത്തി kaattaththi, പാറകം paarakam • Marathi: बोकेडा bokeda, बोखाडा bokhada, बोखेडा bokheda, धेड उंबर dhed umbar, काळा उंबर kala umbar, करवती karavati • Nepalese: खोथया दुमरी kothaya-dumari • Sanskrit: काकोदुम्बरिका kakodumbarika, मलयूः malayuhu, फल्गु phalgu, फणिका phanika • Tamil: பேயத்தி peyatti • Telugu: బొమ్మమేడి bomma-medi
Native to: China, Indian sub-continent, Indo-China, Malesia, northern Australia
References: eFlora • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D.
Euphorbiaceae (castor, euphorbia, or spurge family) » Mallotus philippensis
mal-LOH-tus -- fleecy, referring to the seed capsule
fil-lip-EN-sis -- of or from the Philippines; also spelled philippinensis
commonly known as: dyer's rottlera, kamala dye tree, monkey face tree, orange kamala, red kamala, scarlet croton • Bengali: কমলা kamala • Hindi: कामला kamala, रैनी raini, रोहन rohan, रोहिनी rohini, सिन्धुरी sinduri • Kannada: ಕುಮ್ಕುಮದ ಮರ kunkuma-damara • Malayalam: ചെങ്കൊല്ലി cenkolli, കുങ്കുമപ്പൂമരം kunkumappuumaram, കുരങ്ങുമഞ്ഞശ് kurangumanjas, നാവട്ട naavatta, നൂറിമരം nuurimaram • Marathi: कपिला kapila, केशरी kesari, शेंदरी shendri • Sanskrit: काम्पिल्यक kampilyaka • Tamil: கபிலப்பொடி kapila poti, குரங்குமஞ்சணாறி kuranku-mañcanari • Telugu:కుంకుమ చెట్టు kunkuma-chettu
Native to: China, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Australia
References: Flowers of India • M.M.P.N.D. • World Agroforestry Centre • Forest Flora of Andhra Pradesh
Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) H.W. Schott & Endl. Araceae. CN: [Malay - Keladi telur, Ubi Tawi (Kelantan); Indonesia - Talas belitung, Kimpul, Busil, Bote], Ape (Hawaii), Arrowleaf elephant ear, Blue tannia, Blue taro, Coco, Cocoyam, Eddo, Green arrow elephant ears, Japanese potatoes, Malanga, Malanga blanca, New cocoyam, Ocumo, Purplestem taro, Rosy malanga, Sato-Imo, Tania, Tannia, Yautia, Yautia amarilla, Yautia blanco. Native to the Caribbean, northern and western South America. Stem, shoot and tuber edible. Many varieties, some having blue tubers.
Synonym(s):
Alocasia talihan Elmer Ex Merr.
Arum nigrum Vell.
Arum sagittifolium L. (basionym)
Arum xanthorrhizon Jacq.
Caladium edule G. Mey.
Caladium mafaffa Engl.
Caladium sagittifolium (L.) Vent.
Caladium utile Engl.
Caladium xanthorrhizon (Jacq.) Willd.
Philodendron nigrum Kunth
Xanthosoma appendiculatum Schott
Xanthosoma atrovirens K. Koch and C. D. Bouché
Xanthosoma atrovirens var. appendiculatum (Schott) Engl.
Xanthosoma atrovirens var. hybridum K. Koch
Xanthosoma atrovirens var. kochii Engl.
Xanthosoma atrovirens var. moritzii Engl.
Xanthosoma atrovirens var. panduriforme Engl.
Xanthosoma atrovirens var. versicolor K. Koch
Xanthosoma blandum Schott
Xanthosoma edule (G. Mey.) Schott
Xanthosoma ianthinum K. Koch and C. D. Bouché
Xanthosoma jacquinii Schott
Xanthosoma mafaffa Schott
Xanthosoma mafaffa var. blandum (Schott) Engl.
Xanthosoma mafaffa var. typicum Engl.
Xanthosoma nigrum Stellfeld
Xanthosoma peregrinum Griseb.
Xanthosoma poeppigii var. mafaffa (Schott) J. F. Macbr.
Xanthosoma roseum Schott
Xanthosoma utile K. Koch and C. D. Bouché
Xanthosoma violaceum Schott
Xanthosoma xantharrhizon (Jacq.) K. Koch
Ref and suggested reading:
zipcodezoo.com/Plants/x/Xanthosoma_sagittifolium/
www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Xanthosoma.html#sag...
www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?42090
www.plantamor.com/index.php?plant=1692
www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/walter-w-skeat/pagan-races...
<a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/t0646e/T0646E0o.htm#Tannia, yautia (Xanthosoma sagittifolium)" rel="nofollow">www.fao.org/docrep/t0646e/T0646E0o.htm#Tannia,%20yautia%2...
Jeniang, Kedah, Malaysia.
Solanum ferox L. Solanaceae. CN: [Malay and regional vernacular names and sharing with other similar species such as S. macrocarpon - Terung masam. Terung bulu, Terong asam, Terong Dayak, Terong Iban, Tabanburo, Tarambulo, Sinkade, Tarabi], Hairy-fruited eggplant, Malaysian sunplant, Yellow-fruited nightshade. Native to China, Taiwan, Indian Subcontinent (Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka), Indo-China (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam), Malesia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines), Solomon Islands. S. ferox is an unresolved name according to The Plant List, while GRIN and FRIM classify the species name S. ferox as auct.and a synonym to S. lasiocarpum and S. indicum. Many hybrids and cultivars. Some of the cultivated "Domesticum Group" ones are devoid of fuzzy hairs around fruits, reduced prickles on vegetative parts and variable fruit sizes. The specimen is a wild type armed with sharp prickles at its vegetative parts usually found on waste ground. and quite widespread. The fruits are used in sauces and curries and, like those of most of these (eggplant / nightshade borderline) plants, have a sour taste. In traditional medicine the seeds are used to treat toothache by rolling them in a banana leaf, burning them as a cigar and inhaling the smoke. The roots are used to cure wounds, severe bruises, itch, syphilis and to relieve violent pains all over the body. The fuzzy irritating hairs are easily removed by briefly passing over an open fire or rubbed with coconut husk.
Synonym(s):
Solanum indicum L.
Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal
Solanum immane Hance ex Walp.
Solanum ferox auct.
Solanum lasiocarpum var. velutinum Dunal
Ref. and suggested reading:
FRIM Flora Database
www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/tro-29604513
www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/tro-29600277
www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?416240
zipcodezoo.com/Plants/s/Solanum_ferox/
www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/new/Sorting/CATALOGUE/Pt2-A...
On Wednesday March 5, 2014 I attended the Marine Education Society of Australia Seaweek Q and A event held at the Sealife Melbourne Aquarium. The event focussed on the question: Are there plenty more fish in the sea? Can we sustain the world's population whilst maintaining the viability of marine fisheries and ecosystems?
On the expert panel were:
Brad Warren from Ocean Watch
Andrew Christie, Lecturer in Aquaculture from NMIT
Dr John Ford from Melbourne University
Alice Wilkins from Melbourne FinFree
Oliver Edwards from GoodFishBadFish
Will Jones from SAFCOL/MESA
The Compere was Sheree Maris, author of Melbourne Downunder
Rubiaceae (bedstraw, coffee, or madder family) » Morinda pubescens
mo-RIN-duh -- from the Latin morus (mulberry) and indicus (Indian)
pew-BES-senz or pub-ess-ens -- downy or short haired
commonly known as: morinda, noni, togari wood of Madras • Hindi: आल aal, औछ auch • Kannada: ಮಡ್ಡಿ maddi • Konkani: बारतोंडी bartondi • Malayalam: മഞ്ഞപ്പാവട്ട manjappaavatta • Marathi: बारतोंडी bartondi • Oriya: pindra • Sanskrit: अच्युत achyuta, अक्षिकिफल akshikiphala • Tamil: மஞ்சணாறி manchanari, நுணா nuna • Telugu: మడ్డి maddi, తొగరు togaru • Urdu: togar mughalai
Native to: India, south-east Asia
References: Flowers of India • M.M.P.N.D. • IndFlora • The Trees of Mumbai
Flacourtiaceae (coffee plum family) » Flacourtia indica
flak-KOOR-tee-uh -- named for Etienne de Flacourt, director of the Fr. East India Company
IN-dih-kuh or in-DEE-kuh -- of or from India
commonly known as: batoka plum, flacourtia, governor’s plum, Indian plum, Madagascar plum, Mauritius plum, Rhodesia plum • Gujarati: લોદરી lodari • Hindi: बिलाङ्गड़ा bilangada • Konkani: बाभुळी तांबट babhuli tambat • Malayalam: കരിമുള്ളി karimulli • Marathi: अठरुन athruna, तांबूट tambut • Sanskrit: श्रृववृक्ष shruvavrikksha • Tamil: சொத்தைக்களா cottai-k-kala • Telugu: నక్కనేరేడు nakka-neredu
Native to: tropical Africa, southern Africa, Madagascar, tropical Asia; naturalized elsewhere
References: Flowers of India • World Agroforestry Centre • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS - FRLHT
Arecaceae (palm family) » Roystonea regia
roy-STOH-nee-uh -- named for Gen. Roy Stone, U.S. Civil War hero
REE-jee-uh -- meaning, royal
commonly known as: Cuban royal palm, Florida royal palm, royal palm • Arabic: nakhl malakî • Chinese: da wang ye zi, gao wang ye zi, wang zong • Danish: kongepalme • Dutch: koningspalm • Finnish: kuningaspalmu • French: palmier royal de Cuba, palmier royal de Floride • German: königspalme, koenigspalme • Italian: palma regia • Japanese: daiou yashi, Furoridaroiyarupaamu • Malay: palma diraja • Norwegian: kongepalme • Portuguese: palmeira real • Spanish: chaguaramo, palma real, palma real Cubana
Native to: Caribbean Islands, the adjacent coasts of Florida, Central and South America
References: Flowers of India • Floridata • Wikipedia • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D.
Asteraceae (aster, daisy, or sunflower family) formerly Compositae » Lactuca sativa
lak-TOO-kuh -- meaning, milk
sa-TEE-vuh -- meaning, cultivated
commonly known as: cos, lettuce, romaine • Hindi: काहू kahu, खस्स khass • Kannada: ಜಾಲ್ ಮೂಲಮ್ಗಿ jaal mulamgi • Malayalam: പച്ചടിച്ചീര paccaticciira
References: Floridata • M.M.P.N.D.
Anacardiaceae (cashew family) » Schinus terebinthifolius
SKY-nus -- Greek name for Pistacia (the mastic tree, another genus)
ter-ee-binth-ee-FOH-lee-us -- leaves like the Pistacia terebinthus (turpentine tree)
commonly known as: aroeira, Bahamian holly (USA), Brazilian pepper, christmas berry, Florida holly, pepper tree, pink pepper, rose pepper
Native to: subtropical and tropical South America
References: University of Florida • Floridata • Wikipedia • M.M.P.N.D.
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus arnottiana
FY-kus or FIK-us from the Latin for Fig
ar-not-ee-AH-nuh -- named for George Arnold Walker-Arnott, Scottish botanist
commonly known as: Indian rock fig, rock pipal, waved-leaved fig tree, wild pipal • Gujarati: ખડક પાયર khadak payar • Hindi: bassari, palhi, पारस पिपल paras pipal, pilkhan, पिंपली pimpli • Kannada: ಕಲ್ಲ ಅಶ್ವತ್ಥ kalla ashvattha • Malayalam: കല്ലരയാല് kallarayal • Marathi: पायर payar, कडक पाईर kadak payer, पिपळी pipli • Sanskrit: परीस parisah, प्लावक plavaka, प्लवंग plavanga • Tamil: கொடியரசு kotiyarasu • Telugu: కల్లరావి kallaravi, కొండ రావి konda ravi
Native to: India, Sri Lanka
References: Flowers of India • Sri Mahabodhiya • Ethnobotanical leaflets • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS - FRLHT
Dioscoreaceae (yam family) » Dioscorea bulbifera
dy-oh-SKOR-ee-uh -- named for Pedanios Dioscorides, 1st century Greek pharmacologist
bulb-EE-fer-uh -- meaning, bearing bulbs
commonly known as: aerial yam, air potato, air yam, bitter yam, bulbil-bearing yam, cheeky yam, malacca yam, otaheite-potato , potato yam, shoebutton air potato • Bengali: বনআলু ban alu • Hindi: गैण्ठी gainthi, कदू कन्दा kadu kunda, रतालू ratalu (apt for D. purpurea) • Kannada: ಹಮ್ದಿಗೆಣಸು hamdigenasu, ಹೆಗ್ಗೆನಸು heggenasu, ಕುಮ್ಟಗೆಣಸು kuntagenasu, ನೇಗಿಲುಹೊನ್ನೆ negilugonne • Konkani: करंदो karamdo • Malayalam: കാച്ചില് kaacchil, പന്നികിഴങ്ങ pannikizhangu • Marathi: डुकरकंद dukar-kand, कडूकरंदा kadu-karanda, वाराही varahi • Nepalese: गीट्ठा giitthaa, गीट्ठे तरुल giitthe tarul, वन तरुल van tarul • Oriya: pita alu • Sanskrit: आलुकः aluka, वराहीकन्द varahi-kand • Tamil: காட்டுச்சீரகவள்ளி kaatu-c-ciraka-valli, காட்டுக்காய்வள்ளி kaattu-k-kaay-valli • Telugu: అడవి దుంప adavi dumpa
Native to: tropical Africa, China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, tropical Australia
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • IFAS
Malaysia
(Image credit Ahmad Fitri, Malaysia).
Anaxagorea javanica Blume [Anaxagorea javanica Blume var. javanica]. Annonaceae. CN: Malay and regional vernacular names - Guring, Bunga lerak, Kekapur, Pelir musang, Sekobang kecil, Sekobang, Sesundo bukit, Pali monyet, Pali munyit; Indonesia - Lampiu, Akar angin, Atis, Bunga pompun, Champun, Shampuun, Champun betong, Larak lecek. Thailand: Kekapur, Kingchong], Twin seed. Southeast Asia, from Thailand and Taiwan to Borneo. Shrub or small tree 4-6 m. high. Leaves thinly coriaceous, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, apex acute or acuminate, base slightly acute, glabrous, width 4-10 cm., length 10-26 cm., petiole length 5-22 mm. Flower(s) 1-4, terminal and extraaxillary, fragrant; pedicels 1 cm; sepals 3, oblong, glabrous, petals 3, elliptic, glabrous; apex acute, width 12-14 mm., length 14-16 mm., inner apex acute, greenish outside, white inside. Fruits follicle, gradually narrowed into a stalk; carpels 4-8 clavate. Seed(s) 2, black, shining. Habitat - lowland forest. Flowers for heart tonic, whole plants mixed with Desmos chinensis Lour. whole plants in bath for rehabilitation of drug addicts.
Synonym(s):
Fissistigma fuscum (Craib) R.E.Fr.
Melodorum fuscum Craib
Mitrephora crassipetala Ridl.
Anaxagorea scortechinii King
Ref. and suggested reading:
FRIM Flora Database
Kamus Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Malaysia.
www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2636371
www.globinmed.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=a...
Dioscoreaceae (yam family) » Dioscorea bulbifera
dy-oh-SKOR-ee-uh -- named for Pedanios Dioscorides, 1st century Greek pharmacologist
bulb-EE-fer-uh -- meaning, bearing bulbs
commonly known as: aerial yam, air potato, air yam, bitter yam, bulbil-bearing yam, cheeky yam, malacca yam, otaheite-potato , potato yam, shoebutton air potato • Bengali: বনআলু ban alu • Hindi: गैण्ठी gainthi, कदू कन्दा kadu kunda, रतालू ratalu (apt for D. purpurea) • Kannada: ಅಮ್ಬಲಿ ಗೆಣಸು ambali genasu, ಹಮ್ದಿಗೆಣಸು hamdigenasu, ಹೆಗ್ಗೆನಸು heggenasu, ಕುಮ್ಟಗೆಣಸು kuntagenasu, ನೇಗಿಲುಹೊನ್ನೆ negilugonne • Konkani: करंदो karamdo • Malayalam: കാച്ചില് kaacchil, പന്നികിഴങ്ങ pannikizhangu • Marathi: डुकरकंद dukar-kand, कडूकरंदा kadu-karanda, वाराही varahi • Nepalese: गीट्ठा giitthaa, गीट्ठे तरुल giitthe tarul, वन तरुल van tarul • Oriya: pita alu • Sanskrit: आलुकः aluka, वराहीकन्द varahi-kand • Tamil: காட்டுச்சீரகவள்ளி kaatu-c-ciraka-valli, காட்டுக்காய்வள்ளி kaattu-k-kaay-valli • Telugu: అడవి దుంప adavi dumpa
Native to: tropical Africa, China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, tropical Australia
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • IFAS
SGG project - Working note:
BN: Curcuma mangga Valeton & van Zijp. [Note: Probably the flowering variety].
VN: Temu pauh, Temu mangga, Kunir mangga, Temu lalab, Kunir putih, Kunyit putih], Kha mîn khao, Khamin-khao, Ama haldi, White tumeric, "Mango ginger" (technically a Cucurma and not Zingiber; sharing vernacular name with Curcuma amada).
Source: BD, Lang, Kd
ACQ Date: 130715-0051-July 15, 2013
Rhizomes of Curcuma mangga Valeton & van Zijp. Zingiberaceae. CN: [Malay and regional vernacular names - Temu pauh, Temu mangga, Kunir mangga, Temu lalab, Kunir putih, Kunyit putih], Kha mîn khao, Khamin-khao, Ama haldi, White tumeric, "Mango ginger" (technically a Curcuma and not Zingiber; sharing vernacular name with Curcuma amada). Native to Eastern and Southern India; elsewhere cultivated. Herbaceous perennial, aerial part up to 130 cm tall; rhizome cream to pale yellow inside. Rhizomes of this plant are similar to ginger but have a distinctly mango flavor. They are most used in pickles in Southern India, eaten raw as "ulam" in SE Asia and flavoring culinary. Also used in folk medicines and effective against stomach disorders.
Ref. and suggested reading:
www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-235254
www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-235188
www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?100993
www.clovegarden.com/ingred/gg_ginger.html
www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Curcuma.html
www.jircas.affrc.go.jp/project/value_addition/Vegetables/...
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus arnottiana
FY-kus or FIK-us from the Latin for Fig
ar-not-ee-AH-nuh -- named for George Arnold Walker-Arnott, Scottish botanist
commonly known as: Indian rock fig, rock pipal, waved-leaved fig tree, wild pipal • Gujarati: ખડક પાયર khadak payar • Hindi: bassari, palhi, पारस पिपल paras pipal, pilkhan, पिंपली pimpli • Kannada: ಕಲ್ಲ ಅಶ್ವತ್ಥ kalla ashvattha • Malayalam: കല്ലരയാല് kallarayal • Marathi: पायर payar, कडक पाईर kadak payer, पिपळी pipli • Sanskrit: परीस parisah, प्लावक plavaka, प्लवंग plavanga • Tamil: கொடியரசு kotiyarasu • Telugu: కల్లరావి kallaravi, కొండ రావి konda ravi
Native to: India, Sri Lanka
References: Flowers of India • Sri Mahabodhiya • Ethnobotanical leaflets • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS - FRLHT
Arecaceae (palm family) » Borassus flabellifer
bor-RAS-us -- from the Greek borassos, referring to the date palm's flower spike
fla-BEL-lif-er -- fan-bearing
commonly known as: African fan palm, borassus palm, doub palm, great fan palm, lontar palm, palmyra palm, ron palm, tala palm, tal-palm, toddy palm, wine palm • Bengali: তাল taala • Gujarati: તાડ taad • Hindi: ताड़ taada, ताल tala, त्रृणराज trinaraaj • Kannada: ಓಲೆಗರಿ olegari, ತಾಳೆಗರಿ taalegari, ತಾಟಿನಿಮ್ಗು taatinimgu • Konkani: इरोळ eroal • Malayalam: കരിമ്പന karimpana • Marathi: ताड taada • Sanskrit: महातः mahatah, तलः or तालः talah, तन्तुनिर्यासः tantuniyosah, तृणम्केतुः tranam-ketuh, तृणम्राजः tranam-raj, तृणम् इन्द्रः trnam-indrah• Tamil: பனை panai • Telugu: తాటి చెట్టు tatichettu • Urdu: تاڙ taad
Native to: tropical Asia
References: Flowers of India • Wikipedia • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • DDSA
Zingiberaceae project - Working note:
BN: Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe
VN: Temu emas, Temu kuning, Temu puteh, Temu putih, Koneng tegal, Temu pepet], Kachur, Kanchoor, Kentjur, Kha min khao, Khamin khun, Kha min hawkuen, Kha min io, Setwall, White turmeric, Zedoary turmeric, Zedoary.
Source: BD, Lang, Kd
ACQ Date: 130715-0031-July 15, 2013
Rhizome of Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe. Zingiberaceae. CN: [Malay and regional vernacular names - Temu emas, Temu kuning, Temu puteh, Temu putih, Koneng tegal, Temu pepet], Kachur, Kanchoor, Kentjur, Kha min khao, Khamin khun, Kha min hawkuen, Kha min io, Setwall, White turmeric, Zedoary turmeric, Zedoary. Native to Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Indo-China, Thailand, Malaysia (Malaya]; elsewhere cultivated. Herb to about 1 m tall. Habitat - waste ground. It was introduced to Europe by Arabs around the sixth century, but its use as a spice in the West today is extremely rare, having been replaced by ginger. Perhaps, the reason for the numerous vernacular names in many cultures. Fresh white turmeric is used in Thailand and Indonesia as an aromatic vegetable. It is milder than yellow turmeric and doesn't present the staining problem. Dried it is more bitter and must be used sparingly. Turmeric leaves are also used in some recipes. In India it is used as a flavoring in pickles. Medicinally it is used in China and Japan and also in perfumes and liquors.
Botanical description:
Root stock ovoid, tubers many, some 2.5 cm in diameter, sessile, cylindric and many oblong terminating long fibres, leaves 30-60 cm oblong, accuminate, narrowed to the base, petiole longer than the blade; spikes vernal 15 x 7.5 cm broad; flowering bracts 3.75 cm, ovate, green, often slightly tinged with red; bracts many, spreading bright red; flowers pale yellow, rather shorter than the bracts. Capsule ovoid, trigonous, smooth, dehiscing irregularly; seeds oblong, aril lanceolate, white.
Synonym(s):
Amomum latifolium Lam.
Amomum latifolium Salisb.
Amomum zedoaria Christm
Amomum zerumbet J.König [Illegitimate]
Costus luteus Blanco
Costus nigricans Blanco
Curcuma officinalis Salisb.
Curcuma pallida Lour.
Curcuma speciosa Link
Curcuma zerumbet Roxb.
Erndlia subpersonata Giseke
Erndlia zerumbet Giseke
Roscoea lutea (Blanco) Hassk. [Illegitimate]
Roscoea nigrociliata Hassk.
Note:
GRIN recognize the species as Curcuma picta, and the synonym Curcuma zedoaria auct.
The Plant List recognize Curcuma picta Roxb. ex Škornick., a different species.
Ref. and suggested reading:
FRIM Flora Database
www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-235312
www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-372296
www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?461748
www.clovegarden.com/ingred/gg_ginger.html
www.itmonline.org/arts/turmeri3.htm
Fabaceae (pea, or legume family) » Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
¿ ky-uh-mus-OP-sis ? -- from the Greek kyamos (bean) and opsis (resembling)
tet-ra-gon-uh-LOW-bus -- four-angled lobes
commonly known as: Calcutta lucerne, cluster bean, guar, guar bean, gum bean, Siam bean • Bengali: ঝার শিম jhar sim • Gujarati: ગવાર gavar, ગુવાર guvar • Hindi: गवार gawar, गुवार guwar, गुआर guaar, गोआर goaar • Kannada: ಗೋರಿ ಕಾಯಿ gori kaayi • Konkani: मिडकीसांग midkisaang • Malayalam: kothavara • Marathi: बावची bavachi, चिटकी citaki, गवार gavar, गवारी gavari, गोवारी govari • Oriya: guanra chhuim, shimba • Punjabi: ਕੌਡ਼ਾ ਕਸੈਲਾ kaura kasaila, ਫਲੀ ਗੁਆਰ phali guar, ਸਫੈਦ ਮੋਠ safaid moth • Sanskrit: बाकुची bakuchi, दृढबिज dridhabija, गोरक्षफलिनी gorakshaphalini, क्षुद्रशिम्बी kshudrashimbi, वक्रशिम्बी vakrashimbi • Tamil: கொத்தவரை kottavarai • Telugu: గోరుచిక్కుడుకాయ goru-chikkudu-kaya
Distribution: widely cultivated
References: Wikipedia • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS - FRLHT • DDSA
Malvaceae (mallow family) » Gossypium hirsutum
gos-SIP-ee-um -- from Latin gossypion, name used by Pliny the Elder to describe cotton
her-SOO-tum -- hairy
commonly known as: American cotton, American upland cotton, Bourbon cotton, common cotton, Mexican Cotton, upland cotton, wild cotton • Assamese: কপাহ kapah • Bengali: কাপাস kapasa, কার্পাস karpasa • Gujarati: કાપસ OR કપાસ kapas • Hindi: कार्पास karpas, कार्पासी karpasi • Kannada: ಹತ್ತಿ hatti • Konkani: कापस kapas, काप्पुस kappus • Malayalam: കാര്പ്പാസം kaarppaasam • Marathi: कार्पास karpasa • Nepalese: कपास् kapas • Punjabi: ਕਪਾਹ kapah, ਕੁਪਾਹ kupah • Sanskrit: चित्रदण्डकः chitradandakah, गुडा guda, कर्पासः karpasah, कार्पासी karpasi, कार्पासिका karpasika • Tamil: பருத்தி parutti • Telugu: ప్రత్తి pratti • Urdu: کارپاس karpas, کارپاسي karpasi
Native to, and cultivated in: tropical North and Central America
Introduced, and cultivated in: tropical Old World countries
References: Wikipedia • M.M.P.N.D. • kapasindia • ENVIS - FRLHT • DDSA
Chemistry Building, University of Melbourne. Built:1938. Architect: Victorian Public Works Department.
SGG project - Working note:
BN: Curcuma mangga Valeton & van Zijp.
VN: Temu pauh, Temu mangga, Kunir mangga, Temu lalab, Kunir putih, Kunyit putih], Kha mîn khao, Khamin-khao, Ama haldi, White tumeric, "Mango ginger" (technically a Cucurma and not Zingiber; sharing vernacular name with Curcuma amada).
Source: BD, Lang, Kd
ACQ Date: 130715-0033-July 15, 2013
Rhizomes of Curcuma mangga Valeton & van Zijp. Zingiberaceae. CN: [Malay and regional vernacular names - Temu pauh, Temu mangga, Kunir mangga, Temu lalab, Kunir putih, Kunyit putih], Kha mîn khao, Khamin-khao, Ama haldi, White tumeric, "Mango ginger" (technically a Curcuma and not Zingiber; sharing vernacular name with Curcuma amada). Native to Eastern and Southern India; elsewhere cultivated. Herbaceous perennial, aerial part up to 130 cm tall; rhizome cream to pale yellow inside. Rhizomes of this plant are similar to ginger but have a distinctly mango flavor. They are most used in pickles in Southern India, eaten raw as "ulam" in SE Asia and flavoring culinary. Also used in folk medicines and effective against stomach disorders.
Ref. and suggested reading:
www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-235254
www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-235188
www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?100993
www.clovegarden.com/ingred/gg_ginger.html
www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Curcuma.html
www.jircas.affrc.go.jp/project/value_addition/Vegetables/...
Arecaceae (palm family) » Phoenix sylvestris
FEE-niks -- from the Greek name for a date palm
sil-VESS-triss -- from Latin silva (wood), of the woods, growing wild
commonly known as: date-sugar palm, Indian wild date, Indian winepalm, silver date palm, sugar date palm, sugar palm, wild date • Assamese: খাজুৰি khaajuri • Bengali: খর্জূর kharjura, খেজুর khejura • Gujarati: ખજૂરી khajuri • Hindi: खजूर khajur, सेंधी sendhi • Kannada: ಈಚಲು ichalu, ಖರ್ಜೂರ kharjura • Konkani: खाज्जूर khajjur • Malayalam: കാടിനൊത്ത kaattiintha, കാട്ടീന്തല് kaattiinthal, നീലന്തെണ്ട് niilanthent • Manipuri: থাঙতুপ thangtup • Marathi: खारीक kharik, खर्जूर kharjur, खर्जूरी kharjuri, शिंद shinda, शिंदी shindi • Nepalese: kandela, taadii • Oriya: khorjurri • Punjabi: khajur • Sanskrit: खर्जूरः kharjurh, खर्जूरी kharjuri, नेपाली nepali • Tamil: ஈந்துபனை inthupaanai, காட்டீஞ்சு kattinchu • Telugu: ఈత ita • Urdu: کهجور khajur
Native to: Indian sub-continent
Sendhi (Hindi: सेंधी): The juice of the wild date tree or Phœnix sylvestris from which toddy is made; palm-wine ... link
References: Flowers of India • eFlora • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS - FRLHT
Sapotaceae (sapota family) » Manilkara zapota
man-il-KAR-uh -- Latinized form of the S. American vernacular name for Malabar
zuh-POH-tuh -- from the S. American vernacular name sapota
commonly known as: beef apple, chicle, chico sapote, chicozapote, chiku, naseberry, noseberry, sapodilla, sapodilla plum • Bengali: সপেটা sapeta • Hindi: चिकू chikoo, sapota • Konkani: चिक्कू chikku • Marathi: चिकू chiku, चिक्कू chikku • Tamil: cappotta, சீமையிலுப்பை cimaiyiluppai • Telugu: sapota, సీమ ఇప్పచెట్టు sima ippacettu
Native of: tropical America
References: Top Tropicals • Dave's Garden • EcoPort • M.M.N.P.D.
Euphorbiaceae (castor, euphorbia, or spurge family) » Mallotus philippensis
mal-LOH-tus -- meaning fleecy, referring to the seed capsule
fil-lip-EN-sis -- of or from the Philippines; also spelled philippinensis
commonly known as: dyer's rottlera, kamala dye tree, monkey face tree, orange kamala, red kamala, scarlet croton • Bengali: কমলা kamala • Hindi: कामला kamala, रैनी raini, रोहन rohan, रोहिनी rohini, सिन्धुरी sinduri • Kannada: ಕುಮ್ಕುಮದ ಮರ kunkuma-damara • Malayalam: ചെങ്കൊല്ലി cenkolli, കുങ്കുമപ്പൂമരം kunkumappuumaram, കുരങ്ങുമഞ്ഞശ് kurangumanjas, നാവട്ട naavatta, നൂറിമരം nuurimaram • Marathi: केशरी kesari, शेंदरी shendri • Sanskrit: काम्पिल्यक kampilyaka • Tamil: கபிலப்பொடி kapila poti, குரங்குமஞ்சணாறி kuranku-mañcanari • Telugu:కుంకుమ చెట్టు kunkuma-chettu
Native to: China, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Australia
References: M.M.P.N.D. • World Agroforestry Centre • Forest Flora of Andhra Pradesh
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus arnottiana
FY-kus or FIK-us from the Latin for Fig
ar-not-ee-AH-nuh -- named for George Arnold Walker-Arnott, Scottish botanist
commonly known as: Indian rock fig, rock pipal, waved-leaved fig tree, wild pipal • Gujarati: ખડક પાયર khadak payar • Hindi: bassari, palhi, पारस पिपल paras pipal, pilkhan, पिंपली pimpli • Kannada: ಕಲ್ಲ ಅಶ್ವತ್ಥ kalla ashvattha • Malayalam: കല്ലരയാല് kallarayal • Marathi: पायर payar, कडक पाईर kadak payer, पिपळी pipli • Sanskrit: परीस parisah, प्लावक plavaka, प्लवंग plavanga • Tamil: கொடியரசு kotiyarasu • Telugu: కల్లరావి kallaravi, కొండ రావి konda ravi
Native to: India, Sri Lanka
References: Flowers of India • Sri Mahabodhiya • Ethnobotanical leaflets • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS - FRLHT
A parody of "God Lives on Terra",
words and music by Julia Ecklar, 1984.
All rights reserved. Used by permission.
Keynote 50 in 50
Languages - what's to learn from them? Relics of the past; we know how to design them / to use them. Types / messages / invocation / loops / numbers / methods / big ol' libraries / lots of = signs. Heh, but what is programming, and what role do programming languages play in that process? We have learned a lot over the last five decades: organizing principles, established conventions, theory, fashions, and fads. "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." In this talk we survey what we think are the most important lessons of the past that future programmers, and future programming language designers, ought not forget. We illustrate each lesson by discussing specific programming languages of the past, and endeavor to shine what light we can on the future.
Keywords: Languages, Patterns, Design, Architecure, Experience
Target Audience: People not afraid of finding out just how weird our predecessors were and who enjoy theater style.
Sponsored by University of Melbourne
Speaker Information
"Richard Gabriel and Guy Steele are beasts in the world of computer science, and they are creative and witty geeks."
Guy L. Steele, Jr.
Keynote Speaker
Language Designer and Author
Fellow Sun Labs, Oracle
Links:
Websites: labs.oracle.com/projects/plrg projectfortress.sun.com
Twitter: I am not a member of Twitter. I generally deal in ideas that require paragraphs, or perhaps full-blown essays, rather than single sentences.
Books: Coders at Work The Java Language Specification Common LISP, The Language C: A Reference Manual
Richard P. Gabriel
Keynote Speaker
Distinguised Engineer IBM Research and Celebrated Philosopher of Software Creativity
Software Passion: Passionate about every dirty aspect of software creation
Links:
Website: www.dreamsongs.com/
Twitter: @rpg
Books: Performance and Evaluation of Lisp Systems Patterns of Software Innovation Happens Elsewhere Writers' Workshops and the Work of Making Things Drive on
Meliaceae (melia, or mahogany family) » Toona ciliata
TU-nah -- derived from vernacular name of the plant
sil-ee-ATE-uh or sil-ee-AH-tuh -- fringed with hairs
commonly known as: Australian red cedar, bastard cedar, Burma cedar, Indian cedar, Indian mahogany, moulmein cedar, red cedar, toon • Assamese: পমা pama • Bengali: তূণ tun • Hindi: नन्दी nandi, नन्दिक nandik, तुन tun, तुन्न tunna • Kannada: ಬೆಳಮ್ದಿ belamdi • Kashmiri: द्रब् drab, द्रावी drawi, तूनी tuni • Malayalam: ചന്ദന വേമ്പ് candana veemp, ചുവന്ന അകില് cuvanna akil, മദഗിരിവേമ്പ് madagiriveemp, പടുകരണ patukarana • Manipuri: তাইৰেল tairel • Marathi: नांदुरकी nandurki, तुन्न tunna • Mizo: teipui • Nepalese: तूनी tunee, तुनि tuni • Oriya: teipui, mahalimbo • Pali: कच्छक kacchaka • Punjabi: ਚਿੱਟੀ ਸਿਰੀਂਹ chitti sirinh, ਚਿੱਟੀ ਸਰੀਂਹ chitti sarinh, ਦੱਲੀ dalli, ਦਰਲ daral, ਦੋਰੀ dori, ਤੁਣ tun • Sanskrit: कच्छपः kacchapah, नन्दी nandi, नन्दिकः nandikah, तुन्न tunna • Tamil: ஆயில் ayil, மலயப்பூத்துன்னமரம் malaya-p-pu-t-tunna-maram, மதகரிவேம்பு matakari-vempu, தூணாமரம் tuna-maram • Telugu: నందివృక్షము nandivrikshamu • Urdu: نندي nandi, نندك nandik, تون tun, تن tunna
Native to: Afghanistan, China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, Malesia, Australia
References: Flowers of India • Wikipedia • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • eFlora • DDSA
Rubiaceae (bedstraw, coffee, or madder family) » Morinda pubescens
mo-RIN-duh -- from the Latin morus (mulberry) and indicus (Indian)
pew-BES-senz or pub-ess-ens -- meaning, downy or short haired
commonly known as: morinda, noni, togari wood of Madras • Hindi: आल aal, औछ auch • Kannada: ಮಡ್ಡಿ maddi • Malayalam: മഞ്ഞപ്പാവട്ട manjappaavatta • Marathi: बारतोंडी bartondi • Oriya: pindra • Sanskrit: अच्युत achyuta, अक्षिकिफल akshikiphala • Tamil: மஞ்சணாறி manchanari, நுணா nuna • Telugu: మడ్డి maddi, తొగరు togaru • Urdu: togar mughalai
Native to: India, south-east Asia
References: M.M.P.N.D. • IndFlora • The Trees of Mumbai
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus benghalensis var. krishnae
FY-kus or FIK-us -- from the Latin for fig
ben-gal-EN-sis -- of or from Bengal (India); sometimes spelled bengalensis
¿ KRSH-nay ? -- Latinized form of name of Indian diety, Krishna
commonly known as: Krishna's butter cup, Krishna fig • Bengali: কৃষ্ণবট Krishnabat • Chinese: 囊葉榕 (Taiwan) • Hindi: कृष्ण बढ़ Krishna badh, माखन कटोरी makhan katori • Manipuri: ক্ৰিশ্না খোঙনাঙ Krishna khongnang • Marathi: कृष्णवड Krishnavad
Distribution: only cutivated
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • Top Tropicals • M.M.P.N.D.
Lythraceae (Lythrum, or loosestrife family) » Woodfordia fruticosa
wood-FORD-ee-uh -- named after E. James Alexander Woodford, botanist and physician
froo-tih-KOH-suh -- meaning, shrubby
commonly known as: dhawai flower, fire flame bush, shiranji tea, woodfordia • Bengali: dawai, dhai, dhai phul • Gujarati: ધાવડી dhavdi, ધાવડીના dhavadina • Hindi: धातकी dhataki, धातृ dhatri, धौरा dhaura, धवइ dhawai, धवल dhawala • Kannada: ತಾಮ್ರಪುಷ್ಪಿ tamrapushpi • Malayalam: tatiripuspi • Marathi: धायफूल dhaiphula, धायटी dhayati, धावडा dhavada • Oriya: dhobo, jaliko, harwari • Sanskrit: अग्निज्वाला agnijwala, धातकी dhataki, धौरि dhauri • Tamil: மைரேயம் maireyam • Telugu: ధాతక dhataki
Distribution: Madagascar, Pakistan, India, (Yunnan) China, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Indonesia
References: Flowers of India • M.M.P.N.D. • eFlora
Jeniang, Kedah, Malaysia.
Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) H.W. Schott & Endl. Araceae. CN: [Malay - Keladi telur, Ubi Tawi (Kelantan); Indonesia - Talas belitung, Kimpul, Busil, Bote], Ape (Hawaii), Arrowleaf elephant ear, Blue tannia, Blue taro, Coco, Cocoyam, Eddo, Green arrow elephant ears, Japanese potatoes, Malanga, Malanga blanca, New cocoyam, Ocumo, Purplestem taro, Rosy malanga, Sato-Imo, Tania, Tannia, Yautia, Yautia amarilla, Yautia blanco. Native to the Caribbean, northern and western South America. Stem, shoot and tuber edible. Many varieties, some having blue tubers.
Synonym(s):
Alocasia talihan Elmer Ex Merr.
Arum nigrum Vell.
Arum sagittifolium L. (basionym)
Arum xanthorrhizon Jacq.
Caladium edule G. Mey.
Caladium mafaffa Engl.
Caladium sagittifolium (L.) Vent.
Caladium utile Engl.
Caladium xanthorrhizon (Jacq.) Willd.
Philodendron nigrum Kunth
Xanthosoma appendiculatum Schott
Xanthosoma atrovirens K. Koch and C. D. Bouché
Xanthosoma atrovirens var. appendiculatum (Schott) Engl.
Xanthosoma atrovirens var. hybridum K. Koch
Xanthosoma atrovirens var. kochii Engl.
Xanthosoma atrovirens var. moritzii Engl.
Xanthosoma atrovirens var. panduriforme Engl.
Xanthosoma atrovirens var. versicolor K. Koch
Xanthosoma blandum Schott
Xanthosoma edule (G. Mey.) Schott
Xanthosoma ianthinum K. Koch and C. D. Bouché
Xanthosoma jacquinii Schott
Xanthosoma mafaffa Schott
Xanthosoma mafaffa var. blandum (Schott) Engl.
Xanthosoma mafaffa var. typicum Engl.
Xanthosoma nigrum Stellfeld
Xanthosoma peregrinum Griseb.
Xanthosoma poeppigii var. mafaffa (Schott) J. F. Macbr.
Xanthosoma roseum Schott
Xanthosoma utile K. Koch and C. D. Bouché
Xanthosoma violaceum Schott
Xanthosoma xantharrhizon (Jacq.) K. Koch
Ref and suggested reading:
zipcodezoo.com/Plants/x/Xanthosoma_sagittifolium/
www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Xanthosoma.html#sag...
www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?42090
www.plantamor.com/index.php?plant=1692
www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/walter-w-skeat/pagan-races...
<a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/t0646e/T0646E0o.htm#Tannia, yautia (Xanthosoma sagittifolium)" rel="nofollow">www.fao.org/docrep/t0646e/T0646E0o.htm#Tannia,%20yautia%2...
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus benghalensis var. krishnae
FY-kus or FIK-us -- from the Latin for fig
ben-gal-EN-sis -- of or from Bengal (India); sometimes spelled bengalensis
¿ KRSH-nay ? -- Latinized form of name of Indian diety, Krishna
commonly known as: Krishna's butter cup, Krishna fig • Bengali: কৃষ্ণবট Krishnabat • Chinese: 囊葉榕 (Taiwan) • Hindi: कृष्ण बढ़ Krishna badh, माखन कटोरी makhan katori • Manipuri: ক্ৰিশ্না খোঙনাঙ Krishna khongnang • Marathi: कृष्णवड Krishnavad
Distribution: only cutivated
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • Top Tropicals • M.M.P.N.D.
These plants are easy to find in summer - just look for a bush covered with cute, fuzzy yellow flower balls.
This epithet for this species refers to the intrepid explorer and scientist, Baron Ferdinand von Mueller.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_von_Mueller
plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&am...
www.botany.unimelb.edu.au/buffalo/Kunzea_muelleri.htm
These plants are described on page 3 of McPherson (2010) and on page 294 of Costin et al. (2000).
Costin, A. B., Gray, M., Totterdell, C. J., and Wimbush, D. J., 2000, Kosciuszko alpine flora: CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, VIC, Australia, 392 p.
McPherson, P., 2010, Wildflowers of the Thredbo Valley Walks - a short field guide: Blizzard Print and Design, Jindabyne, NSW, Australia, 14 p.
Thredbo, New South Wales, Australia.
iPhone 5 - Photograph taken with the camera on an iPhone 5.
Camera - The native Camera app was used with the HDR option.
Photogene - Image rotated 90 degrees.
Snapseed - Image rotated and cropped to square format. Overall lighting adjustments made to the image.
PaintShop Pro X5 - Digital camera speckle noise attenuated (60% fine and large scale, 60% blend). Image resized to 2448 x 2448 pixels. Smart Photo Fix adjustments applied with manual settings.
(Filed as 20130127_iPad3 006 Photogene-Snapseed-PaintShopProX5-DNR-60006060-resize-SPF.JPG)
Sapotaceae (sapota family) » Manilkara zapota
man-il-KAR-uh -- Latinized form of the S. American vernacular name for Malabar
zuh-POH-tuh -- from the S. American vernacular name sapota
commonly known as: beef apple, chicle, chico sapote, chicozapote, chiku, naseberry, noseberry, sapodilla, sapodilla plum • Bengali: সপেটা sapeta • Hindi: चिकू chikoo, sapota • Konkani: चिक्कू chikku • Marathi: चिकू chiku, चिक्कू chikku • Tamil: cappotta, சீமையிலுப்பை cimaiyiluppai • Telugu: sapota, సీమ ఇప్పచెట్టు sima ippacettu
Native of: tropical America
References: Top Tropicals • Dave's Garden • EcoPort • M.M.N.P.D.
Malaysia
(Image credit Ahmad Fitri, Malaysia).
Anaxagorea javanica Blume [Anaxagorea javanica Blume var. javanica]. Annonaceae. CN: Malay and regional vernacular names - Guring, Bunga lerak, Kekapur, Pelir musang, Sekobang kecil, Sekobang, Sesundo bukit, Pali monyet, Pali munyit; Indonesia - Lampiu, Akar angin, Atis, Bunga pompun, Champun, Shampuun, Champun betong, Larak lecek. Thailand: Kekapur, Kingchong], Twin seed. Southeast Asia, from Thailand and Taiwan to Borneo. Shrub or small tree 4-6 m. high. Leaves thinly coriaceous, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, apex acute or acuminate, base slightly acute, glabrous, width 4-10 cm., length 10-26 cm., petiole length 5-22 mm. Flower(s) 1-4, terminal and extraaxillary, fragrant; pedicels 1 cm; sepals 3, oblong, glabrous, petals 3, elliptic, glabrous; apex acute, width 12-14 mm., length 14-16 mm., inner apex acute, greenish outside, white inside. Fruits follicle, gradually narrowed into a stalk; carpels 4-8 clavate. Seed(s) 2, black, shining. Habitat - lowland forest. Flowers for heart tonic, whole plants mixed with Desmos chinensis Lour. whole plants in bath for rehabilitation of drug addicts.
Synonym(s):
Fissistigma fuscum (Craib) R.E.Fr.
Melodorum fuscum Craib
Mitrephora crassipetala Ridl.
Anaxagorea scortechinii King
Ref. and suggested reading:
FRIM Flora Database
Kamus Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Malaysia.
www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2636371
www.globinmed.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=a...
Meliaceae (melia, or mahogany family) » Toona ciliata
TU-nah -- derived from vernacular name of the plant
sil-ee-ATE-uh or sil-ee-AH-tuh -- fringed with hairs
commonly known as: Australian red cedar, bastard cedar, Burma cedar, Indian cedar, Indian mahogany, moulmein cedar, red cedar, toon • Assamese: পমা pama • Bengali: তূণ tun • Hindi: नन्दी nandi, नन्दिक nandik, तुन tun, तुन्न tunna • Kannada: ಬೆಳಮ್ದಿ belamdi • Kashmiri: द्रब् drab, द्रावी drawi, तूनी tuni • Malayalam: ചന്ദന വേമ്പ് candana veemp, ചുവന്ന അകില് cuvanna akil, മദഗിരിവേമ്പ് madagiriveemp, പടുകരണ patukarana • Manipuri: তাইৰেল tairel • Marathi: नांदुरकी nandurki, तुन्न tunna • Mizo: teipui • Nepalese: तूनी tunee, तुनि tuni • Oriya: teipui, mahalimbo • Pali: कच्छक kacchaka • Punjabi: ਚਿੱਟੀ ਸਿਰੀਂਹ chitti sirinh, ਚਿੱਟੀ ਸਰੀਂਹ chitti sarinh, ਦੱਲੀ dalli, ਦਰਲ daral, ਦੋਰੀ dori, ਤੁਣ tun • Sanskrit: कच्छपः kacchapah, नन्दी nandi, नन्दिकः nandikah, तुन्न tunna • Tamil: ஆயில் ayil, மலயப்பூத்துன்னமரம் malaya-p-pu-t-tunna-maram, மதகரிவேம்பு matakari-vempu, தூணாமரம் tuna-maram • Telugu: నందివృక్షము nandivrikshamu • Urdu: نندي nandi, نندك nandik, تون tun, تن tunna
Native to: Afghanistan, China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, Malesia, Australia
References: Flowers of India • Wikipedia • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • eFlora • DDSA
Keynote 50 in 50
Languages - what's to learn from them? Relics of the past; we know how to design them / to use them. Types / messages / invocation / loops / numbers / methods / big ol' libraries / lots of = signs. Heh, but what is programming, and what role do programming languages play in that process? We have learned a lot over the last five decades: organizing principles, established conventions, theory, fashions, and fads. "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." In this talk we survey what we think are the most important lessons of the past that future programmers, and future programming language designers, ought not forget. We illustrate each lesson by discussing specific programming languages of the past, and endeavor to shine what light we can on the future.
Keywords: Languages, Patterns, Design, Architecure, Experience
Target Audience: People not afraid of finding out just how weird our predecessors were and who enjoy theater style.
Sponsored by University of Melbourne
Speaker Information
"Richard Gabriel and Guy Steele are beasts in the world of computer science, and they are creative and witty geeks."
Guy L. Steele, Jr.
Keynote Speaker
Language Designer and Author
Fellow Sun Labs, Oracle
Links:
Websites: labs.oracle.com/projects/plrg projectfortress.sun.com
Twitter: I am not a member of Twitter. I generally deal in ideas that require paragraphs, or perhaps full-blown essays, rather than single sentences.
Books: Coders at Work The Java Language Specification Common LISP, The Language C: A Reference Manual
Richard P. Gabriel
Keynote Speaker
Distinguised Engineer IBM Research and Celebrated Philosopher of Software Creativity
Software Passion: Passionate about every dirty aspect of software creation
Links:
Website: www.dreamsongs.com/
Twitter: @rpg
Books: Performance and Evaluation of Lisp Systems Patterns of Software Innovation Happens Elsewhere Writers' Workshops and the Work of Making Things Drive on
The YOW! 2010 Australia Software Developer Conference is a unique opportunity for you to listen to and talk with international software experts in a relaxed setting.
Here's why you should want to attend:
* concise, technically-rich talks and workshops delivered
without the usual vendor-hype and marketing spin
* broad exposure to the latests tools and technologies,
processes and practices in the software industry
* "invitation only" speakers selected by an independent
international program committee from a network
of over 400 authors and experts
* a relaxed conference setting where you get the rare opportunity
to meet and talk with world-reknowned speakers face-to-face
* an intimate workshop setting where you are able
to benefit from an in-depth learning experience
* a truly unique opportunity to make contacts and network
with other talented Australian software professionals
* you'll be supporting a great charity. Ten dollars from every registration will be donated to the Endeavour Foundation.
website: YOW! 2010 Melbourne
venue: Jasper Hotel, Melbourne
Capparaceae (caper family) » Capparis zeylanica
KAP-ar-iss -- from the Greek kápparis, originating in the Near or Middle East
zey-LAN-ee-kuh -- of or from Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
commonly known as: Ceylon caper • Bengali: kalokera • Gujarati: ગોવિંદકળ govindakal, kakhbilado, karrallura • Hindi: ardanda, jhiris • Kannada: ಮುಳ್ಳುಕತ್ತರಿ mullukattari, totulla • Konkani: वाघांटी vaghamti • Malayalam: karthotti • Marathi: गोविंदी govindi, कडूवाघांटी kaduvaghanti, वाघांटी vaghanti • Nepalese: ban kera • Punjabi: ਗਰਨਾ garna, ਕਰਵੀਲਾ karwila, ਕਰਵੀਲੂੰ karwilun • Rajasthani: gitoranj • Sanskrit: करम्भ karambha, तपसप्रिय tapasapriya, व्याघ्रनखी vyaghra nakhi • Tamil: ஆதொண்டை atontai, காற்றோட்டி karrotti • Telugu: ఆరుదొండ arudonda
Native to: China, Indian sub-continent, Indochina
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • eFlora
Arecaceae (palm family) » Roystonea regia
roy-STOH-nee-uh -- named for Gen. Roy Stone, U.S. Civil War hero
REE-jee-uh -- meaning, royal
commonly known as: Cuban royal palm, Florida royal palm, royal palm • Arabic: nakhl malakî • Chinese: da wang ye zi, gao wang ye zi, wang zong • Danish: kongepalme • Dutch: koningspalm • Finnish: kuningaspalmu • French: palmier royal de Cuba, palmier royal de Floride • German: königspalme, koenigspalme • Italian: palma regia • Japanese: daiou yashi, Furoridaroiyarupaamu • Malay: palma diraja • Norwegian: kongepalme • Portuguese: palmeira real • Spanish: chaguaramo, palma real, palma real Cubana
Native to: Caribbean Islands, the adjacent coasts of Florida, Central and South America
References: Flowers of India • Floridata • Wikipedia • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D.
Euphorbiaceae (castor, euphorbia, or spurge family) » Mallotus philippensis
mal-LOH-tus -- fleecy, referring to the seed capsule
fil-lip-EN-sis -- of or from the Philippines; also spelled philippinensis
commonly known as: dyer's rottlera, kamala dye tree, monkey face tree, orange kamala, red kamala, scarlet croton • Bengali: কমলা kamala • Hindi: कामला kamala, रैनी raini, रोहन rohan, रोहिनी rohini, सिन्धुरी sinduri • Kannada: ಕುಮ್ಕುಮದ ಮರ kunkuma-damara • Malayalam: ചെങ്കൊല്ലി cenkolli, കുങ്കുമപ്പൂമരം kunkumappuumaram, കുരങ്ങുമഞ്ഞശ് kurangumanjas, നാവട്ട naavatta, നൂറിമരം nuurimaram • Marathi: कपिला kapila, केशरी kesari, शेंदरी shendri • Sanskrit: काम्पिल्यक kampilyaka • Tamil: கபிலப்பொடி kapila poti, குரங்குமஞ்சணாறி kuranku-mañcanari • Telugu:కుంకుమ చెట్టు kunkuma-chettu
Native to: China, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Australia
References: Flowers of India • M.M.P.N.D. • World Agroforestry Centre • Forest Flora of Andhra Pradesh
Click for an interactive view of the Cathedral Bay Heritage Preserve (requires shockwave - a free, one-time, automatic download).
Camera: Nikon D100
Lense: AF-S DX Nikkor 18-70 mm f/3.5-4.5G IF-ED
Tripod: Manfrotto
Tripod head: Manfrotto 322RC2 Tripod Head with Nodal Ninja
Photos: 9 + 9 + 9 + 2 = 29 photos (three rows plus zenith and nadir)
Software: Stitched with PTGui (but warped with Panorama Tools); Blended with Enblend plugin; No photoshop; EXIFTool to add the EXIF info from the first photo.
Original Image: 10,000 x 5,000 pixels; 19.8 MB
Maps: Google Earth (requires Google Earth) | Street | Satellite | Hybrid | Nautical | Topo
SGG project - Working note:
BN: Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe
VN: Temu emas, Temu kuning, Temu puteh, Temu putih, Koneng tegal, Temu pepet], Kachur, Kanchoor, Kentjur, Kha min khao, Khamin khun, Kha min hawkuen, Kha min io, Setwall, White turmeric, Zedoary turmeric, Zedoary.
Source: SLN, Jerant, Ph
ACQ Date: 130528-0011-May 28. 2013
Rhizome of Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe. Zingiberaceae. CN: [Malay and regional vernacular names - Temu emas, Temu kuning, Temu puteh, Temu putih, Koneng tegal, Temu pepet], Kachur, Kanchoor, Kentjur, Kha min khao, Khamin khun, Kha min hawkuen, Kha min io, Setwall, White turmeric, Zedoary turmeric, Zedoary. Native to Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Indo-China, Thailand, Malaysia (Malaya]; elsewhere cultivated. Herb to about 1 m tall. Habitat - waste ground. It was introduced to Europe by Arabs around the sixth century, but its use as a spice in the West today is extremely rare, having been replaced by ginger. Perhaps, the reason for the numerous vernacular names in many cultures. Fresh white turmeric is used in Thailand and Indonesia as an aromatic vegetable. It is milder than yellow turmeric and doesn't present the staining problem. Dried it is more bitter and must be used sparingly. Turmeric leaves are also used in some recipes. In India it is used as a flavoring in pickles. Medicinally it is used in China and Japan and also in perfumes and liquors.
Botanical description:
Root stock ovoid, tubers many, some 2.5 cm in diameter, sessile, cylindric and many oblong terminating long fibres, leaves 30-60 cm oblong, accuminate, narrowed to the base, petiole longer than the blade; spikes vernal 15 x 7.5 cm broad; flowering bracts 3.75 cm, ovate, green, often slightly tinged with red; bracts many, spreading bright red; flowers pale yellow, rather shorter than the bracts. Capsule ovoid, trigonous, smooth, dehiscing irregularly; seeds oblong, aril lanceolate, white.
Synonym(s):
Amomum latifolium Lam.
Amomum latifolium Salisb.
Amomum zedoaria Christm
Amomum zerumbet J.König [Illegitimate]
Costus luteus Blanco
Costus nigricans Blanco
Curcuma officinalis Salisb.
Curcuma pallida Lour.
Curcuma speciosa Link
Curcuma zerumbet Roxb.
Erndlia subpersonata Giseke
Erndlia zerumbet Giseke
Roscoea lutea (Blanco) Hassk. [Illegitimate]
Roscoea nigrociliata Hassk.
Note:
GRIN recognize the species as Curcuma picta, and the synonym Curcuma zedoaria auct.
The Plant List recognize Curcuma picta Roxb. ex Škornick., a different species.
Ref. and suggested reading:
FRIM Flora Database
www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-235312
www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-372296
www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?461748
www.clovegarden.com/ingred/gg_ginger.html
www.itmonline.org/arts/turmeri3.htm
Euphorbiaceae (castor, euphorbia, or spurge family) » Mallotus philippensis
mal-LOH-tus -- meaning fleecy, referring to the seed capsule
fil-lip-EN-sis -- of or from the Philippines; also spelled philippinensis
commonly known as: dyer's rottlera, kamala dye tree, monkey face tree, orange kamala, red kamala, scarlet croton • Bengali: কমলা kamala • Hindi: कामला kamala, रैनी raini, रोहन rohan, रोहिनी rohini, सिन्धुरी sinduri • Kannada: ಕುಮ್ಕುಮದ ಮರ kunkuma-damara • Malayalam: ചെങ്കൊല്ലി cenkolli, കുങ്കുമപ്പൂമരം kunkumappuumaram, കുരങ്ങുമഞ്ഞശ് kurangumanjas, നാവട്ട naavatta, നൂറിമരം nuurimaram • Marathi: केशरी kesari, शेंदरी shendri • Sanskrit: काम्पिल्यक kampilyaka • Tamil: கபிலப்பொடி kapila poti, குரங்குமஞ்சணாறி kuranku-mañcanari • Telugu:కుంకుమ చెట్టు kunkuma-chettu
Native to: China, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Australia
References: M.M.P.N.D. • World Agroforestry Centre • Forest Flora of Andhra Pradesh