Rubiaceae (bedstraw, coffee, or madder family) » Morinda pubescens

mo-RIN-duh -- from the Latin morus (mulberry) and indicus (Indian)

pew-BES-senz or pub-ess-ens -- meaning, downy or short haired

commonly known as: morinda, noni, togari wood of Madras • Hindi: आल aal, औछ auch • Kannada: ಮಡ್ಡಿ maddi • Malayalam: മഞ്ഞപ്പാവട്ട manjappaavatta • Marathi: बारतोंडी bartondi • Oriya: pindra • Sanskrit: अच्युत achyuta, अक्षिकिफल akshikiphala • Tamil: மஞ்சணாறி manchanari, நுணா nuna • Telugu: మడ్డి maddi, తొగరు togaru • Urdu: togar mughalai

Native to: India, south-east Asia

References: M.M.P.N.D. • IndFlora • The Trees of Mumbai

Apocynaceae (dogbane family) » Wrightia tinctoria

RITE-ee-a -- named for William Wright, Scottish physician and botanist

tink-TOR-ee-uh -- used in dyeing or has a sap which can stain

commonly known as: black indrajau, dyeing rosebay, dyers’s oleander, ivory tree, pala indigo plant, sweet indrajao • Gujarati: દૂધલો dudhalo • Hindi: दुधी dudhi, इन्द्रजौ indrajau, काला कुडा kala kuda, करायजा karayaja, कुडा kuda • Kannada: ಅಜಮರ ajamara • Konkani: काळाकुडो kalakudo • Marathi: भूरेवडी bhurevadi, काळा कुडा kala kuda • Malayalam: ഭന്തപ്പാല bhanthappaala, കമ്പിപ്പാല kampippaala, നിലപ്പാല nilappaala • Sanskrit: असित कुटज asita kutaj, hyamaraka, स्त्री कुटज stri kutaja • Tamil: இரும்பாலை irum-palai, பாலை paalai, வெட்பாலை vet-palai • Telugu: అంకుడుచెట్టు ankuduchettu, చిట్టిఅంకుడు chiti-anikudu, కొండజెముడు kondajemudu

Native to: India, Myanmar

References: Flowers of India • EcoPort • M.M.P.N.D.

An interactive view from the top of Glassy Mountian Heritage Preserve (requires shockwave - a free, one-time, automatic download).

Camera: Nikon D100

Lense: AF-S DX Nikkor 18-70 mm f/3.5-4.5G IF-ED

Tripod: Manfrotto

Tripod head: Manfrotto 322RC2 Tripod Head

Photos: 42 photos (with no panohead on my tripod)

Software: Stitched with PTGui (but warped with Panorama Tools); Blended with Enblend plugin; No photoshop; EXIFTool to add the EXIF info from the first photo.

Original Image: 10,000 x 5,000 pixels; 8.1 MB

Maps: Google Earth (requires Google Earth) | Street | Satellite | Hybrid | Topo

Part of a series of photos taken around the Parkville campus of the University of Melbourne

Flacourtiaceae (coffee plum family) » Flacourtia indica

flak-KOOR-tee-uh -- named for Etienne de Flacourt, director of the Fr. East India Company

IN-dih-kuh or in-DEE-kuh -- of or from India

commonly known as: batoka plum, flacourtia, governor’s plum, Indian plum, Madagascar plum, Mauritius plum, Rhodesia plum • Gujarati: લોદરી lodari • Hindi: बिलाङ्गड़ा bilangada • Konkani: बाभुळी तांबट babhuli tambat • Malayalam: കരിമുള്ളി karimulli • Marathi: अठरुन athruna, तांबूट tambut • Sanskrit: श्रृववृक्ष shruvavrikksha • Tamil: சொத்தைக்களா cottai-k-kala • Telugu: నక్కనేరేడు nakka-neredu

Native to: tropical Africa, southern Africa, Madagascar, tropical Asia; naturalized elsewhere

References: Flowers of India • World Agroforestry Centre • NPGS • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS

Myrtaceae (Myrtle family) » Syzygium cumini

siz-ZY-gee-um -- from the Greek syzygos (joined), referring to the paired leaves

KOO-min-ee -- from the Greek kyminon (cumin)

commonly known as: black plum, damson plum, duhat plum, Indian blackberry, jambolan, jambolan plum, Java plum, Malabar plum, Portuguese plum • Assamese: জামু jamu, ক'লা জামু kala jamu • Bengali: kala jam • Gujarati: જાંબુ jaambu • Hindi: जामुन jamun • Jaintia: dieng sohthongum • Kannada: ನೇರಳೆ nerale • Khasi: dieng ramai • Konkani: जांबुळ jambul • Malayalam: കാട്ടുചാമ്പ kaattucaampa, ഞാവല്‍ njaaval, ഞാറ njaara, പെരിഞാറ perinjaara • Manipuri: gulamchat, jam • Marathi: जांबूळ jambool • Mizo: hmuipui • Nepalese: जामुनु jamunu, फँड़िर् phanrir • Oriya: jamkoli • Pali: जम्बु jambu • Prakrit: जम्वुलो jambulo, जम्मुलो jammulo • Punjabi: ਜਾਮਣ jaman • Sanskrit: जम्बुलः jambulah, मेघमोदिनी meghamodini • Tamil: கொட்டைநாகம் kottai-nakam, நாவல் naval • Telugu: నేరేడు neredu • Tibetan: dzam-bu • Urdu: جامن jaman

Native to: India and Indonesia

References: Flowers of India • Top Tropicals • Dave's Garden • M.M.P.N.D. • DDSA

Conway, Damian. Lingua::Romana::Perligata - Perl for XXI-imum century.

School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.

www.csse.monash.edu.au/~damian/papers/HTML/Perligata.html

Keynote 50 in 50

Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus benghalensis var. krishnae

FY-kus or FIK-us -- from the Latin for fig

ben-gal-EN-sis -- of or from Bengal (India); sometimes spelled bengalensis

¿ KRSH-nay ? -- Latinized form of name of Indian diety, Krishna

commonly known as: Krishna's butter cup, Krishna fig • Bengali: কৃষ্ণবট Krishnabat • Chinese: 囊葉榕 (Taiwan) • Hindi: कृष्ण बढ़ Krishna badh, माखन कटोरी makhan katori • Manipuri: ক্ৰিশ্না খোঙনাঙ Krishna khongnang • Marathi: कृष्णवड Krishnavad

Distribution: only cutivated

References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • Top Tropicals • M.M.P.N.D.

Euphorbiaceae (castor, euphorbia, or spurge family) » Mallotus philippensis

mal-LOH-tus -- meaning fleecy, referring to the seed capsule

fil-lip-EN-sis -- of or from the Philippines; also spelled philippinensis

commonly known as: dyer's rottlera, kamala dye tree, monkey face tree, orange kamala, red kamala, scarlet croton • Bengali: কমলা kamala • Hindi: कामला kamala, रैनी raini, रोहन rohan, रोहिनी rohini, सिन्धुरी sinduri • Kannada: ಕುಮ್ಕುಮದ ಮರ kunkuma-damara • Malayalam: ചെങ്കൊല്ലി cenkolli, കുങ്കുമപ്പൂമരം kunkumappuumaram, കുരങ്ങുമഞ്ഞശ് kurangumanjas, നാവട്ട naavatta, നൂറിമരം nuurimaram • Marathi: कपिला kapila, केशरी kesari, शेंदरी shendri • Sanskrit: काम्पिल्यक kampilyaka • Tamil: கபிலப்பொடி kapila poti, குரங்குமஞ்சணாறி kuranku-mañcanari • Telugu:కుంకుమ చెట్టు kunkuma-chettu

Native to: China, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Australia

References: Flowers of India • M.M.P.N.D. • World Agroforestry Centre • Forest Flora of Andhra Pradesh

Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus arnottiana

FY-kus or FIK-us from the Latin for Fig

ar-not-ee-AH-nuh -- named for George Arnold Walker-Arnott, Scottish botanist

commonly known as: Indian rock fig, rock pipal, waved-leaved fig tree, wild pipal • Hindi: bassari, palhi, पारस पिपल paras pipal, pilkhan, पिंपली pimpli • Kannada: ಕಲ್ಲ ಅಶ್ವತ್ಥ kalla ashvattha • Malayalam: കല്ലരയാല്‍ kallarayal • Marathi: पायर payar, कडक पाईर kadak payer, पिपळी pipli • Sanskrit: परीस parisah, प्लावक plavaka, प्लवंग plavanga • Tamil: கொடியரசு kotiyarasu • Telugu: కల్లరావి kallaravi, కొండ రావి konda ravi

Native to:India, Sri Lanka

References: Sri Mahabodhiya • Ethnobotanical leaflets • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS - FRLHT

Don't miss the interactive view of Chandler Heritage Preserve (requires shockwave - a free, one-time, automatic download). This is an old set of photos (from before I had a panorama tripod head) that I just recently stitched.

Camera: Nikon D100

Lense: AF-S DX Nikkor 18-70 mm f/3.5-4.5G IF-ED

Tripod: Manfrotto

Tripod head: None.

Photos: 46

Software: Stitched with PTGui (but warped with Panorama Tools); Blended with Enblend plugin; No photoshop; EXIFTool to add the EXIF info from the first photo.

Original Image: 10,000 x 5,000 pixels; 17.8 MB

Maps: Google Earth (requires Google Earth) | Street | Satellite | Hybrid | Topo

Musaceae (musa family) » Musa paradisiaca

MEW-suh -- the Latin word musa, for banana, plantain-fruit

par-uh-DIS-ee-uh-ka -- referring to gardens, parks, paradise

commonly known as: banana, fig of paradise, plantain • Assamese: কলা kala • Hindi: कदली kadali, केला kela, पापड़ा papra • Kannada: ಬಾಳೇಹಣ್ಣು baalehannu, ಬಳೆ ಕಾಯಿ bale kaayi, ಕದಳಿ kadali • Kashmiri: केल kela • Konkani: क्यांळे kyaanle • Malayalam: മഊചം maaucam, വാഴ vaazha • Manipuri: লফূ থরো laphoo tharo • Marathi: कदल kadala, केळ kela • Nepalese: कदली kadali • Sanskrit: भानुफला bhanuphala, कदली kadali, मोच mocha • Tamil: வாழை vaazha • Telugu: అరటి arati, కదళ kadala • Urdu: کيلا kelaa, موز mauz

Distribution: cultivated pantropically

References: Flowers of India • EcoPort • M.M.P.N.D.

Former dogleg in Heatherton Road adjacent to South Eastern Private Hospital where it formerly met Princes Highway at a staggered intersection.

This aerial photo from 1945 (right plate at centre left) shows the same arrangement with the original two lane highway and shows the reason for the old arrangement - to have both roads cross Yarraman Creek on a single bridge. Ironically the creek was fed underground here when the highway was widened to six lanes in the early 1960's and yet the dogleg arrangement remained.

It was not until the construction of Eastlink that Heatherton Road was straightened via a long overpass.

The main lecture theatre inside the Faculty of Business & Economics building at the University of Melbourne in Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Seen as part of 'Melbourne Open House', you can read more on my blog.

Cucurbitaceae (pumpkin, or gourd family) » Momordica dioica

mo-MOR-di-ka -- from the word to bite, reference to the seeds which look bitten

dy-oh-EE-kuh -- male and female flowers on separate plants

commonly known as: bristly balsam-pear, prickly carolaho, spine gourd, teasle gourd • Assamese: avandhya, bhat-kerela • Bengali: bhat korola, ghee korola, kankrol • Gujarati: katwal • Hindi: बन करेला ban karela • Kannada: karchi-balli, madahagala gadde • Konkani: फागिल phagil • Malayalam: ben-pavel, erimapasel • Marathi: करटोली or कार्टोली kartoli • Rajasthani: bara -karela, kankera, kankoda • Sanskrit: कर्कोटकी karkotaki, कर्कोटी karkoti • Tamil: மெழுகுபாகல் meluku-pakal, பழுபாகல் palu-pakal • Telugu: అడవికాకర adavikakara, ఆకాకర akakara

Native to: south-east Asia

References: Flowers of India • Dave's Garden • M.M.P.N.D. • Flowers of Sahyadri by Shrikant Ingalhalikar

Euphorbiaceae (castor, euphorbia, or spurge family) » Mallotus philippensis

mal-LOH-tus -- meaning fleecy, referring to the seed capsule

fil-lip-EN-sis -- of or from the Philippines; also spelled philippinensis

commonly known as: dyer's rottlera, kamala dye tree, monkey face tree, orange kamala, red kamala, scarlet croton • Bengali: কমলা kamala • Hindi: कामला kamala, रैनी raini, रोहन rohan, रोहिनी rohini, सिन्धुरी sinduri • Kannada: ಕುಮ್ಕುಮದ ಮರ kunkuma-damara • Malayalam: ചെങ്കൊല്ലി cenkolli, കുങ്കുമപ്പൂമരം kunkumappuumaram, കുരങ്ങുമഞ്ഞശ് kurangumanjas, നാവട്ട naavatta, നൂറിമരം nuurimaram • Marathi: केशरी kesari, शेंदरी shendri • Sanskrit: काम्पिल्यक kampilyaka • Tamil: கபிலப்பொடி kapila poti, குரங்குமஞ்சணாறி kuranku-mañcanari • Telugu:కుంకుమ చెట్టు kunkuma-chettu

Native to: China, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Australia

References: M.M.P.N.D. • World Agroforestry Centre • Forest Flora of Andhra Pradesh

Flacourtiaceae (coffee plum family) » Flacourtia indica

flak-KOOR-tee-uh -- named for Etienne de Flacourt, director of the Fr. East India Company

IN-dih-kuh or in-DEE-kuh -- of or from India

commonly known as: batoka plum, flacourtia, governor’s plum, Indian plum, Madagascar plum, Mauritius plum, Rhodesia plum • Gujarati: લોદરી lodari • Hindi: बिलाङ्गड़ा bilangada • Konkani: बाभुळी तांबट babhuli tambat • Malayalam: കരിമുള്ളി karimulli • Marathi: अठरुन athruna, तांबूट tambut • Sanskrit: श्रृववृक्ष shruvavrikksha • Tamil: சொத்தைக்களா cottai-k-kala • Telugu: నక్కనేరేడు nakka-neredu

Native to: tropical Africa, southern Africa, Madagascar, tropical Asia; naturalized elsewhere

References: Flowers of India • World Agroforestry Centre • NPGS • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS

Pasar Siti Khadijah, Buloh Kubu, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) H.W. Schott & Endl. Araceae. CN: [Malay - Keladi telur, Ubi Tawi (Kelantan); Indonesia - Talas belitung, Kimpul, Busil, Bote], Ape (Hawaii), Arrowleaf elephant ear, Blue tannia, Blue taro, Coco, Cocoyam, Eddo, Green arrow elephant ears, Japanese potatoes, Malanga, Malanga blanca, New cocoyam, Ocumo, Purplestem taro, Rosy malanga, Sato-Imo, Tania, Tannia, Yautia, Yautia amarilla, Yautia blanco. Native to the Caribbean, northern and western South America. Stem, shoot and tuber edible. Many varieties, some having blue tubers.

Synonym(s):

Alocasia talihan Elmer Ex Merr.

Arum nigrum Vell.

Arum sagittifolium L. (basionym)

Arum xanthorrhizon Jacq.

Caladium edule G. Mey.

Caladium mafaffa Engl.

Caladium sagittifolium (L.) Vent.

Caladium utile Engl.

Caladium xanthorrhizon (Jacq.) Willd.

Philodendron nigrum Kunth

Xanthosoma appendiculatum Schott

Xanthosoma atrovirens K. Koch and C. D. Bouché

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. appendiculatum (Schott) Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. hybridum K. Koch

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. kochii Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. moritzii Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. panduriforme Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. versicolor K. Koch

Xanthosoma blandum Schott

Xanthosoma edule (G. Mey.) Schott

Xanthosoma ianthinum K. Koch and C. D. Bouché

Xanthosoma jacquinii Schott

Xanthosoma mafaffa Schott

Xanthosoma mafaffa var. blandum (Schott) Engl.

Xanthosoma mafaffa var. typicum Engl.

Xanthosoma nigrum Stellfeld

Xanthosoma peregrinum Griseb.

Xanthosoma poeppigii var. mafaffa (Schott) J. F. Macbr.

Xanthosoma roseum Schott

Xanthosoma utile K. Koch and C. D. Bouché

Xanthosoma violaceum Schott

Xanthosoma xantharrhizon (Jacq.) K. Koch

Ref and suggested reading:

zipcodezoo.com/Plants/x/Xanthosoma_sagittifolium/

www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Xanthosoma.html#sag...

www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?42090

www.plantamor.com/index.php?plant=1692

www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/walter-w-skeat/pagan-races...

www.fao.org/docrep/t0646e/T0646E0o.htm#Tannia,%20yautia%2...

Jeniang, Kedah, Malaysia.

Solanum ferox L. Solanaceae. CN: [Malay and regional vernacular names and sharing with other similar species such as S. macrocarpon - Terung masam. Terung bulu, Terong asam, Terong Dayak, Terong Iban, Tabanburo, Tarambulo, Sinkade, Tarabi], Hairy-fruited eggplant, Malaysian sunplant, Yellow-fruited nightshade. Native to China, Taiwan, Indian Subcontinent (Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka), Indo-China (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam), Malesia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines), Solomon Islands. S. ferox is an unresolved name according to The Plant List, while GRIN and FRIM classify the species name S. ferox as auct.and a synonym to S. lasiocarpum and S. indicum. Many hybrids and cultivars. Some of the cultivated "Domesticum Group" ones are devoid of fuzzy hairs around fruits, reduced prickles on vegetative parts and variable fruit sizes. The specimen is a wild type armed with sharp prickles at its vegetative parts usually found on waste ground. and quite widespread. The fruits are used in sauces and curries and, like those of most of these (eggplant / nightshade borderline) plants, have a sour taste. In traditional medicine the seeds are used to treat toothache by rolling them in a banana leaf, burning them as a cigar and inhaling the smoke. The roots are used to cure wounds, severe bruises, itch, syphilis and to relieve violent pains all over the body. The fuzzy irritating hairs are easily removed by briefly passing over an open fire or rubbed with coconut husk.

Synonym(s):

Solanum indicum L.

Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal

Solanum immane Hance ex Walp.

Solanum ferox auct.

Solanum lasiocarpum var. velutinum Dunal

Ref. and suggested reading:

FRIM Flora Database

www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/tro-29604513

www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/tro-29600277

www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?416240

zipcodezoo.com/Plants/s/Solanum_ferox/

www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/new/Sorting/CATALOGUE/Pt2-A...

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solanum_ferox

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solanum_lasiocarpum

Cucurbitaceae (pumpkin, or gourd family) » Momordica dioica

mo-MOR-di-ka -- from the word to bite, reference to the seeds which look bitten

dy-oh-EE-kuh -- meaning, male and female flowers on separate plants

commonly known as: bristly balsam-pear, prickly carolaho, spine gourd, teasle gourd • Assamese: avandhya • Gujarati: katwal • Hindi: बन करेला ban karela • Kannada: karchi-balli, madahagala gadde • Konkani: फागिल phagil • Malayalam: ben-pavel, erimapasel • Marathi: करटोली kartoli • Sanskrit: कर्कोटकी karkotaki, कर्कोटी karkoti • Tamil: மெழுகுபாகல் meluku-pakal, பழுபாகல் palu-pakal • Telugu: అడవికాకర adavikakara, ఆకాకర akakara

Native to: south-east Asia

References: Flowers of India • Dave's Garden • M.M.P.N.D.

Dioscoreaceae (yam family) » Dioscorea bulbifera L.

dy-oh-SKOR-ee-uh -- named for Pedanios Dioscorides, 1st century Greek pharmacologist

bulb-EE-fer-uh -- bearing bulbs

commonly known as: aerial yam, air potato, air yam, bitter yam, bulbil-bearing yam, cheeky yam, malacca yam, otaheite-potato , potato yam, shoebutton air potato • Bengali: বনআলু ban alu • Hindi: गैण्ठी gainthi, कदू कन्दा kadu kanda, रतालू ratalu (apt for D. purpurea) • Kannada: ಅಮ್ಬಲಿ ಗೆಣಸು ambali genasu, ಹಮ್ದಿಗೆಣಸು hamdigenasu, ಹೆಗ್ಗೆನಸು heggenasu, ಕುಮ್ಟಗೆಣಸು kuntagenasu, ನೇಗಿಲುಹೊನ್ನೆ negilugonne • Konkani: करंदो karamdo • Malayalam: കാച്ചില് kaacchil, പന്നികിഴങ്ങ pannikizhangu • Marathi: डुकरकंद dukar-kand, कडूकरंदा kadu-karanda, वाराही varahi • Nepalese: गीट्ठा giitthaa, गीट्ठे तरुल giitthe tarul, वन तरुल van tarul • Oriya: pita alu • Sanskrit: आलुकः aluka, वराहीकन्द varahi-kand • Tamil: காட்டுச்சீரகவள்ளி kaatu-c-ciraka-valli, காட்டுக்காய்வள்ளி kaattu-k-kaay-valli • Telugu: అడవి దుంప adavi dumpa

Native to: tropical Africa, China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, tropical Australia

References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • IFAS

Meliaceae (melia, or mahogany family) » Toona ciliata

TU-nah -- derived from vernacular name of the plant

sil-ee-ATE-uh or sil-ee-AH-tuh -- fringed with hairs

commonly known as: Australian red cedar, bastard cedar, Burma cedar, Indian cedar, Indian mahogany, moulmein cedar, red cedar, toon • Assamese: পমা pama • Bengali: তূণ tun • Hindi: नन्दी nandi, नन्दिक nandik, तुन tun, तुन्न tunna • Kannada: ಬೆಳಮ್ದಿ belamdi • Kashmiri: द्रब् drab, द्रावी drawi, तूनी tuni • Malayalam: ചന്ദന വേമ്പ് candana veemp, ചുവന്ന അകില്‍ cuvanna akil, മദഗിരിവേമ്പ് madagiriveemp, പടുകരണ patukarana • Manipuri: তাইৰেল tairel • Marathi: नांदुरकी nandurki, तुन्न tunna • Mizo: teipui • Nepalese: तूनी tunee, तुनि tuni • Oriya: teipui, mahalimbo • Pali: कच्छक kacchaka • Punjabi: ਚਿੱਟੀ ਸਿਰੀਂਹ chitti sirinh, ਚਿੱਟੀ ਸਰੀਂਹ chitti sarinh, ਦੱਲੀ dalli, ਦਰਲ daral, ਦੋਰੀ dori, ਤੁਣ tun • Sanskrit: कच्छपः kacchapah, नन्दी nandi, नन्दिकः nandikah, तुन्न tunna • Tamil: ஆயில் ayil, மலயப்பூத்துன்னமரம் malaya-p-pu-t-tunna-maram, மதகரிவேம்பு matakari-vempu, தூணாமரம் tuna-maram • Telugu: నందివృక్షము nandivrikshamu • Urdu: نندي nandi, نندك nandik, تون tun, تن tunna

Native to: Afghanistan, China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, Malesia, Australia

References: Flowers of India • Wikipedia • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • eFlora • DDSA

Jeniang, Kedah, Malaysia.

Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) H.W. Schott & Endl. Araceae. CN: [Malay - Keladi telur, Ubi Tawi (Kelantan); Indonesia - Talas belitung, Kimpul, Busil, Bote], Ape (Hawaii), Arrowleaf elephant ear, Blue tannia, Blue taro, Coco, Cocoyam, Eddo, Green arrow elephant ears, Japanese potatoes, Malanga, Malanga blanca, New cocoyam, Ocumo, Purplestem taro, Rosy malanga, Sato-Imo, Tania, Tannia, Yautia, Yautia amarilla, Yautia blanco. Native to the Caribbean, northern and western South America. Stem, shoot and tuber edible. Many varieties, some having blue tubers.

Synonym(s):

Alocasia talihan Elmer Ex Merr.

Arum nigrum Vell.

Arum sagittifolium L. (basionym)

Arum xanthorrhizon Jacq.

Caladium edule G. Mey.

Caladium mafaffa Engl.

Caladium sagittifolium (L.) Vent.

Caladium utile Engl.

Caladium xanthorrhizon (Jacq.) Willd.

Philodendron nigrum Kunth

Xanthosoma appendiculatum Schott

Xanthosoma atrovirens K. Koch and C. D. Bouché

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. appendiculatum (Schott) Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. hybridum K. Koch

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. kochii Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. moritzii Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. panduriforme Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. versicolor K. Koch

Xanthosoma blandum Schott

Xanthosoma edule (G. Mey.) Schott

Xanthosoma ianthinum K. Koch and C. D. Bouché

Xanthosoma jacquinii Schott

Xanthosoma mafaffa Schott

Xanthosoma mafaffa var. blandum (Schott) Engl.

Xanthosoma mafaffa var. typicum Engl.

Xanthosoma nigrum Stellfeld

Xanthosoma peregrinum Griseb.

Xanthosoma poeppigii var. mafaffa (Schott) J. F. Macbr.

Xanthosoma roseum Schott

Xanthosoma utile K. Koch and C. D. Bouché

Xanthosoma violaceum Schott

Xanthosoma xantharrhizon (Jacq.) K. Koch

Ref and suggested reading:

zipcodezoo.com/Plants/x/Xanthosoma_sagittifolium/

www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Xanthosoma.html#sag...

www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?42090

www.plantamor.com/index.php?plant=1692

www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/walter-w-skeat/pagan-races...

<a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/t0646e/T0646E0o.htm#Tannia, yautia (Xanthosoma sagittifolium)" rel="nofollow">www.fao.org/docrep/t0646e/T0646E0o.htm#Tannia,%20yautia%2...

Fabaceae (pea, or legume family) » Canavalia gladiata

kan-uh-VAY-lee-uh -- Latinized form of the Malabar vernacular kanavali

glad-ee-AY-tuh -- meaning, sword-like

commonly known as: Jack bean, Jamaican horse bean, scimitar bean, sword bean • Assamese: kamtal urahi • Hindi: मक्खन सेम makkhan sem • Kannada: ಶಿಮ್ಬೆ ಅವರೆ shimbe avare • Malayalam: വാള് പയര്‍ vaal payara • Manipuri: তেবী tebi • Marathi: अबई abai • Sanskrit: आशीशिम्बी aasishimbi, महाशिम्बी mahashimbi • Urdu: مکهن سيم makkhan sem

Native to: paleotropics

References: Flowers of India • ARS - GRIN • Wikipedia • M.M.P.N.D.

Brassicaceae (mustard, or cabbage family) » Sisymbrium officinale

sis-SIM-bree-um -- ancient Greek name for some plant of the mustard family

oh-fiss-ih-NAH-lee -- meaning, official (used in pharmacological sense)

commonly known as: hedge mustard, oriental mustard, tumble mustard, wild mustard • Chinese: 钻果大蒜芥 zuan guo da suan jie • Finnish: pernaruoho, rohtopernaruoho • French: herbe aux chantres, tortelle • German: hederichkraut, wegrauke, wilder senf • Italian: erba cornacchia irida, erisimo • Japanese: kakine garashi • Spanish: erísimo oficinal, hierba de los cantores • Swedish: apotekskrasse, vägsenap

Native to: most of Europe, North Africa, western Asia, Siberia; naturalized elsewhere

References: NPGS / GRIN • eFlora • PFAF • M.M.P.N.D.

Anacardiaceae (cashew family) » Schinus terebinthifolius

SKY-nus -- Greek name for Pistacia (the mastic tree, another genus)

ter-ee-binth-ee-FOH-lee-us -- leaves like the Pistacia terebinthus (turpentine tree)

commonly known as: aroeira, Bahamian holly (USA), Brazilian pepper, christmas berry, Florida holly, pepper tree, pink pepper, rose pepper

Native to: subtropical and tropical South America

References: University of Florida • Floridata • Wikipedia • M.M.P.N.D.

Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus benghalensis var. krishnae

FY-kus or FIK-us -- from the Latin for fig

ben-gal-EN-sis -- of or from Bengal (India); sometimes spelled bengalensis

¿ KRSH-nay ? -- Latinized form of name of Indian diety, Krishna

commonly known as: Krishna's butter cup, Krishna fig • Bengali: কৃষ্ণবট Krishnabat • Chinese (Taiwan): 囊葉榕 náng yè róng nang xié • Hindi: कृष्ण बढ़ Krishna badh, माखन कटोरी makhan katori • Manipuri: ক্ৰিশ্না খোঙনাঙ Krishna khongnang • Marathi: कृष्णवड Krishnavad

Distribution: only cutivated

References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • Top Tropicals • M.M.P.N.D.

Malvaceae (mallow family) » Sida rhombifolia

SEE-duh -- in Greek, a type of water lily; although now a name for a type of mallow

rom-bif-OH-lee-uh -- leaves in a diamond shape

commonly known as: arrow-leaf sida, broom jute sida, country mallow, Cuban jute, paddy's lucerne, Queensland hemp, teaweed • Assamese: boriala • Bengali: svetbarela • Gujarati: baladana • Hindi: बरयारा baryara, kharenti, सहदेव sahadeva, swet-barela • Kannada: bolamgadale, kallangadale • Malayalam: vankuruntotti, valankuruntotti, velluram • Manipuri: uhan • Marathi: baler, sadeda, सहदेवी sahadevi • Oriya: bajromuli • Sanskrit: अतिबला atibala, बला bala, महाबल mahabala • Tamil: வேளைப்பாசை velaippacai • Telugu: గూబతడ guba tada, మహాబల mahabala • Urdu: بلا bala, بريارا baryara

Native to: India, Sri Lanka

References: Flowers of India • Forest Flora of Andhra Pradesh • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS - FRLHT • PIER species info

Cucurbitaceae (pumpkin, or gourd family) » Trichosanthes cucumerina

try-kos-ANTH-us -- from the Greek trichos (hairy) and anthos (flowers)

koo-KOO-may-ree-nuh -- meaning, related to cucumber - from the Greek kykyon

commonly known as: wild snake gourd • Hindi: जंगली चिचोण्डा jangli chichonda, कड़वा परवर kadva parvar, pudel • Kannada: paduvalakaayi • Malayalam: padavalanga • Marathi: जंगली पडवल jungli padwal, कडू पडवळ kadu padwal, पडोळ padol • Sanskrit: पटोल patola • Tamil: காட்டுப்பேய்ப்புடல் kattuppeypputal • Telugu: అడవిపొట్ల adavipotla, potlakaaya

References: Flowers of India • Wikipedia • M.M.P.N.D.

Fabaceae (pea, or legume family) » Cyamopsis tetragonoloba

¿ ky-uh-mus-OP-sis ? -- from the Greek kyamos (bean) and opsis (resembling)

tet-ra-gon-uh-LOW-bus -- four-angled lobes

commonly known as: Calcutta lucerne, cluster bean, guar, guar bean, gum bean, Siam bean • Bengali: ঝার শিম jhar sim • Gujarati: ગવાર gavar, ગુવાર guvar • Hindi: गवार gawar, गुवार guwar, गुआर guaar, गोआर goaar • Kannada: ಗೋರಿ ಕಾಯಿ gori kaayi • Konkani: मिडकीसांग midkisaang • Malayalam: kothavara • Marathi: बावची bavachi, चिटकी citaki, गवार gavar, गवारी gavari, गोवारी govari • Oriya: guanra chhuim, shimba • Punjabi: ਕੌਡ਼ਾ ਕਸੈਲਾ kaura kasaila, ਫਲੀ ਗੁਆਰ phali guar, ਸਫੈਦ ਮੋਠ safaid moth • Sanskrit: बाकुची bakuchi, दृढबिज dridhabija, गोरक्षफलिनी gorakshaphalini, क्षुद्रशिम्बी kshudrashimbi, वक्रशिम्बी vakrashimbi • Tamil: கொத்தவரை kottavarai • Telugu: గోరుచిక్కుడుకాయ goru-chikkudu-kaya

Distribution: widely cultivated

References: Wikipedia • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS - FRLHT • DDSA

Dioscoreaceae (yam family) » Dioscorea bulbifera L.

dy-oh-SKOR-ee-uh -- named for Pedanios Dioscorides, 1st century Greek pharmacologist

bulb-EE-fer-uh -- bearing bulbs

commonly known as: aerial yam, air potato, air yam, bitter yam, bulbil-bearing yam, cheeky yam, malacca yam, otaheite-potato , potato yam, shoebutton air potato • Bengali: বনআলু ban alu • Hindi: गैण्ठी gainthi, कदू कन्दा kadu kanda, रतालू ratalu (apt for D. purpurea) • Kannada: ಅಮ್ಬಲಿ ಗೆಣಸು ambali genasu, ಹಮ್ದಿಗೆಣಸು hamdigenasu, ಹೆಗ್ಗೆನಸು heggenasu, ಕುಮ್ಟಗೆಣಸು kuntagenasu, ನೇಗಿಲುಹೊನ್ನೆ negilugonne • Konkani: करंदो karamdo • Malayalam: കാച്ചില് kaacchil, പന്നികിഴങ്ങ pannikizhangu • Marathi: डुकरकंद dukar-kand, कडूकरंदा kadu-karanda, वाराही varahi • Nepalese: गीट्ठा giitthaa, गीट्ठे तरुल giitthe tarul, वन तरुल van tarul • Oriya: pita alu • Sanskrit: आलुकः aluka, वराहीकन्द varahi-kand • Tamil: காட்டுச்சீரகவள்ளி kaatu-c-ciraka-valli, காட்டுக்காய்வள்ளி kaattu-k-kaay-valli • Telugu: అడవి దుంప adavi dumpa

Native to: tropical Africa, China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, tropical Australia

References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • IFAS

Malaysia

(Image credit Ahmad Fitri, Malaysia).

Anaxagorea javanica Blume [Anaxagorea javanica Blume var. javanica]. Annonaceae. CN: Malay and regional vernacular names - Guring, Bunga lerak, Kekapur, Pelir musang, Sekobang kecil, Sekobang, Sesundo bukit, Pali monyet, Pali munyit; Indonesia - Lampiu, Akar angin, Atis, Bunga pompun, Champun, Shampuun, Champun betong, Larak lecek. Thailand: Kekapur, Kingchong], Twin seed. Southeast Asia, from Thailand and Taiwan to Borneo. Shrub or small tree 4-6 m. high. Leaves thinly coriaceous, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, apex acute or acuminate, base slightly acute, glabrous, width 4-10 cm., length 10-26 cm., petiole length 5-22 mm. Flower(s) 1-4, terminal and extraaxillary, fragrant; pedicels 1 cm; sepals 3, oblong, glabrous, petals 3, elliptic, glabrous; apex acute, width 12-14 mm., length 14-16 mm., inner apex acute, greenish outside, white inside. Fruits follicle, gradually narrowed into a stalk; carpels 4-8 clavate. Seed(s) 2, black, shining. Habitat - lowland forest. Flowers for heart tonic, whole plants mixed with Desmos chinensis Lour. whole plants in bath for rehabilitation of drug addicts.

Synonym(s):

Fissistigma fuscum (Craib) R.E.Fr.

Melodorum fuscum Craib

Mitrephora crassipetala Ridl.

Anaxagorea scortechinii King

Ref. and suggested reading:

FRIM Flora Database

Kamus Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Malaysia.

www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2636371

www.globinmed.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=a...

www.asianplant.net/Annonaceae/Anaxagorea_javanica.htm

www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Anaxagorea.html

Fabaceae (pea, or legume family) » Canavalia gladiata

kan-uh-VAY-lee-uh -- Latinized form of the Malabar vernacular kanavali

glad-ee-AY-tuh -- meaning, sword-like

commonly known as: Jack bean, Jamaican horse bean, scimitar bean, sword bean • Assamese: kamtal urahi • Hindi: मक्खन सेम makkhan sem • Kannada: ಶಿಮ್ಬೆ ಅವರೆ shimbe avare • Malayalam: വാള് പയര്‍ vaal payara • Manipuri: তেবী tebi • Marathi: अबई abai • Sanskrit: आशीशिम्बी aasishimbi, महाशिम्बी mahashimbi • Urdu: مکهن سيم makkhan sem

Native to: paleotropics

References: ARS - GRIN • Wikipedia • M.M.P.N.D.

Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) H.W. Schott & Endl. Araceae. CN: [Malay - Keladi telur, Ubi Tawi (Kelantan); Indonesia - Talas belitung, Kimpul, Busil, Bote], Ape (Hawaii), Arrowleaf elephant ear, Blue tannia, Blue taro, Coco, Cocoyam, Eddo, Green arrow elephant ears, Japanese potatoes, Malanga, Malanga blanca, New cocoyam, Ocumo, Purplestem taro, Rosy malanga, Sato-Imo, Tania, Tannia, Yautia, Yautia amarilla, Yautia blanco. Native to the Caribbean, northern and western South America. Stem, shoot and tuber edible. Many varieties, some having blue tubers.

Synonym(s):

Alocasia talihan Elmer Ex Merr.

Arum nigrum Vell.

Arum sagittifolium L. (basionym)

Arum xanthorrhizon Jacq.

Caladium edule G. Mey.

Caladium mafaffa Engl.

Caladium sagittifolium (L.) Vent.

Caladium utile Engl.

Caladium xanthorrhizon (Jacq.) Willd.

Philodendron nigrum Kunth

Xanthosoma appendiculatum Schott

Xanthosoma atrovirens K. Koch and C. D. Bouché

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. appendiculatum (Schott) Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. hybridum K. Koch

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. kochii Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. moritzii Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. panduriforme Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. versicolor K. Koch

Xanthosoma blandum Schott

Xanthosoma edule (G. Mey.) Schott

Xanthosoma ianthinum K. Koch and C. D. Bouché

Xanthosoma jacquinii Schott

Xanthosoma mafaffa Schott

Xanthosoma mafaffa var. blandum (Schott) Engl.

Xanthosoma mafaffa var. typicum Engl.

Xanthosoma nigrum Stellfeld

Xanthosoma peregrinum Griseb.

Xanthosoma poeppigii var. mafaffa (Schott) J. F. Macbr.

Xanthosoma roseum Schott

Xanthosoma utile K. Koch and C. D. Bouché

Xanthosoma violaceum Schott

Xanthosoma xantharrhizon (Jacq.) K. Koch

Ref and suggested reading:

zipcodezoo.com/Plants/x/Xanthosoma_sagittifolium/

www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Xanthosoma.html#sag...

www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?42090

www.plantamor.com/index.php?plant=1692

www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/walter-w-skeat/pagan-races...

<a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/t0646e/T0646E0o.htm#Tannia, yautia (Xanthosoma sagittifolium)" rel="nofollow">www.fao.org/docrep/t0646e/T0646E0o.htm#Tannia,%20yautia%2...

Baccaurea ramiflora Lour.

For more about other English names and scientific name synonyms -

Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database

มะไฟ

Thai language site -

Database Thai Botanical Garden Organization

Apocynaceae (dogbane, or oleander family) » Rauvolfia tetraphylla

Rauvolfia -- honours Leonhard Rauwolf, German physician, botanist and traveller

tet-ruh-FIL-uh -- meaning, four-leaved

commonly known as: American serpentwood, be still tree, devil root, four-leaved devil-pepper, milkbush • Bengali: বড চন্দ্রিকা bar chandrika, গন্ধনকুলী gandhanakuli • Hindi: बडा चन्द्रिका barachandrika • Kannada: ದೊಡ್ಡ ಚಮ್ದ್ರಿಕೆ dodda chandrike • Oriya: patalagarudi • Telugu: papataku

Native to: tropical America

References: eFlora • M.M.P.N.D. • Forest Flora of Andhra Pradesh

Jeniang, Kedah, Malaysia.

Solanum ferox L. Solanaceae. CN: [Malay and regional vernacular names and sharing with other similar species such as S. macrocarpon - Terung masam. Terung bulu, Terong asam, Terong Dayak, Terong Iban, Tabanburo, Tarambulo, Sinkade, Tarabi], Hairy-fruited eggplant, Malaysian sunplant, Yellow-fruited nightshade. Native to China, Taiwan, Indian Subcontinent (Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka), Indo-China (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam), Malesia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines), Solomon Islands. S. ferox is an unresolved name according to The Plant List, while GRIN and FRIM classify the species name S. ferox as auct.and a synonym to S. lasiocarpum and S. indicum. Many hybrids and cultivars. Some of the cultivated "Domesticum Group" ones are devoid of fuzzy hairs around fruits, reduced prickles on vegetative parts and variable fruit sizes. The specimen is a wild type armed with sharp prickles at its vegetative parts usually found on waste ground. and quite widespread. The fruits are used in sauces and curries and, like those of most of these (eggplant / nightshade borderline) plants, have a sour taste. In traditional medicine the seeds are used to treat toothache by rolling them in a banana leaf, burning them as a cigar and inhaling the smoke. The roots are used to cure wounds, severe bruises, itch, syphilis and to relieve violent pains all over the body. The fuzzy irritating hairs are easily removed by briefly passing over an open fire or rubbed with coconut husk.

Synonym(s):

Solanum indicum L.

Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal

Solanum immane Hance ex Walp.

Solanum ferox auct.

Solanum lasiocarpum var. velutinum Dunal

Ref. and suggested reading:

FRIM Flora Database

www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/tro-29604513

www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/tro-29600277

www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?416240

zipcodezoo.com/Plants/s/Solanum_ferox/

www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/new/Sorting/CATALOGUE/Pt2-A...

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solanum_ferox

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solanum_lasiocarpum

via Instagram ift.tt/2aV8Z4M August 04, 2016 at 10:55PM

Arecaceae (palm family) » Phoenix sylvestris

FEE-niks -- from the Greek name for a date palm

sil-VESS-triss -- from Latin silva (wood), of the woods, growing wild

commonly known as: date-sugar palm, Indian wild date, Indian winepalm, silver date palm, sugar date palm, sugar palm, wild date • Assamese: খাজুৰি khaajuri • Bengali: খর্জূর kharjura, খেজুর khejura • Gujarati: ખજૂરી khajuri • Hindi: खजूर khajur, सेंधी sendhi • Kannada: ಈಚಲು ichalu, ಖರ್ಜೂರ kharjura • Konkani: खाज्जूर khajjur • Malayalam: കാടിനൊത്ത kaattiintha, കാട്ടീന്തല്‍ kaattiinthal, നീലന്തെണ്ട് niilanthent • Manipuri: থাঙতুপ thangtup • Marathi: खारीक kharik, खर्जूर kharjur, खर्जूरी kharjuri, शिंद shinda, शिंदी shindi • Nepalese: kandela, taadii • Oriya: khorjurri • Punjabi: khajur • Sanskrit: खर्जूरः kharjurh, खर्जूरी kharjuri, नेपाली nepali • Tamil: ஈந்துபனை inthupaanai, காட்டீஞ்சு kattinchu • Telugu: ఈత ita • Urdu: کهجور khajur

Native to: Indian sub-continent

References: Flowers of India • eFlora • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS - FRLHT

Dioscoreaceae (yam family) » Dioscorea bulbifera L.

dy-oh-SKOR-ee-uh -- named for Pedanios Dioscorides, 1st century Greek pharmacologist

bulb-EE-fer-uh -- bearing bulbs

commonly known as: aerial yam, air potato, air yam, bitter yam, bulbil-bearing yam, cheeky yam, malacca yam, otaheite-potato , potato yam, shoebutton air potato • Bengali: বনআলু ban alu • Hindi: गैण्ठी gainthi, कदू कन्दा kadu kanda, रतालू ratalu (apt for D. purpurea) • Kannada: ಅಮ್ಬಲಿ ಗೆಣಸು ambali genasu, ಹಮ್ದಿಗೆಣಸು hamdigenasu, ಹೆಗ್ಗೆನಸು heggenasu, ಕುಮ್ಟಗೆಣಸು kuntagenasu, ನೇಗಿಲುಹೊನ್ನೆ negilugonne • Konkani: करंदो karamdo • Malayalam: കാച്ചില് kaacchil, പന്നികിഴങ്ങ pannikizhangu • Marathi: डुकरकंद dukar-kand, कडूकरंदा kadu-karanda, वाराही varahi • Nepalese: गीट्ठा giitthaa, गीट्ठे तरुल giitthe tarul, वन तरुल van tarul • Oriya: pita alu • Sanskrit: आलुकः aluka, वराहीकन्द varahi-kand • Tamil: காட்டுச்சீரகவள்ளி kaatu-c-ciraka-valli, காட்டுக்காய்வள்ளி kaattu-k-kaay-valli • Telugu: అడవి దుంప adavi dumpa

Native to: tropical Africa, China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, tropical Australia

References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • IFAS

Looking out from the window on the top floor of the Faculty of Business & Economics building at the University of Melbourne in Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Seen as part of 'Melbourne Open House', you can read more on my blog.

Sailing with the wind of change

A night of food, music, short film and presentation on the courageous struggle of the Carterets Atoll Community

ABC Gallery 127 Campbell St, Collingwood, VIC 3066 (Melways Ref: 2C G9)

map: 127 Campbell St, Collingwood, VIC 3066

- Sailing with the wind of change - www.iwda.org.au/ International Women's Development Agency

- Sailing with the wind of change - Graduate Environment Program Blog, Melbourne University

Further information and donations: k.lewisohn@acfonline.org.au.

Guest speaker: Ursula Rakova - TulelePeisa.org

Guest performers:

David Bridie (Not Drowning Waving followthegeography.com, My Friend the Chocolate Cake mftcc.com),

Genevieve & Jezebel (Harp and Percussion Duo)

Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahoney Griffin's masterpiece

www.newman.unimelb.edu.au/college/architecture

www.environment.gov.au/heritage/places/national/newman

Jeniang, Kedah, Malaysia.

An old friend, Pak Leh, showing his "Keladi teloq" (Keladi telur). Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) H.W. Schott & Endl. Araceae. CN: [Malay - Keladi telur, Ubi Tawi (Kelantan); Indonesia - Talas belitung, Kimpul, Busil, Bote], Ape (Hawaii), Arrowleaf elephant ear, Blue tannia, Blue taro, Coco, Cocoyam, Eddo, Green arrow elephant ears, Japanese potatoes, Malanga, Malanga blanca, New cocoyam, Ocumo, Purplestem taro, Rosy malanga, Sato-Imo, Tania, Tannia, Yautia, Yautia amarilla, Yautia blanco. Native to the Caribbean, northern and western South America. Stem, shoot and tuber edible. Many varieties, some having blue tubers.

Synonym(s):

Alocasia talihan Elmer Ex Merr.

Arum nigrum Vell.

Arum sagittifolium L. (basionym)

Arum xanthorrhizon Jacq.

Caladium edule G. Mey.

Caladium mafaffa Engl.

Caladium sagittifolium (L.) Vent.

Caladium utile Engl.

Caladium xanthorrhizon (Jacq.) Willd.

Philodendron nigrum Kunth

Xanthosoma appendiculatum Schott

Xanthosoma atrovirens K. Koch and C. D. Bouché

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. appendiculatum (Schott) Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. hybridum K. Koch

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. kochii Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. moritzii Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. panduriforme Engl.

Xanthosoma atrovirens var. versicolor K. Koch

Xanthosoma blandum Schott

Xanthosoma edule (G. Mey.) Schott

Xanthosoma ianthinum K. Koch and C. D. Bouché

Xanthosoma jacquinii Schott

Xanthosoma mafaffa Schott

Xanthosoma mafaffa var. blandum (Schott) Engl.

Xanthosoma mafaffa var. typicum Engl.

Xanthosoma nigrum Stellfeld

Xanthosoma peregrinum Griseb.

Xanthosoma poeppigii var. mafaffa (Schott) J. F. Macbr.

Xanthosoma roseum Schott

Xanthosoma utile K. Koch and C. D. Bouché

Xanthosoma violaceum Schott

Xanthosoma xantharrhizon (Jacq.) K. Koch

Ref and suggested reading:

zipcodezoo.com/Plants/x/Xanthosoma_sagittifolium/

www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Xanthosoma.html#sag...

www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?42090

www.plantamor.com/index.php?plant=1692

www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/walter-w-skeat/pagan-races...

<a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/t0646e/T0646E0o.htm#Tannia, yautia (Xanthosoma sagittifolium)" rel="nofollow">www.fao.org/docrep/t0646e/T0646E0o.htm#Tannia,%20yautia%2...

Rubiaceae (bedstraw, coffee, or madder family) » Morinda pubescens

mo-RIN-duh -- from the Latin morus (mulberry) and indicus (Indian)

pew-BES-senz or pub-ess-ens -- meaning, downy or short haired

commonly known as: morinda, noni, togari wood of Madras • Hindi: आल aal, औछ auch • Kannada: ಮಡ್ಡಿ maddi • Malayalam: മഞ്ഞപ്പാവട്ട manjappaavatta • Marathi: बारतोंडी bartondi • Oriya: pindra • Sanskrit: अच्युत achyuta, अक्षिकिफल akshikiphala • Tamil: மஞ்சணாறி manchanari, நுணா nuna • Telugu: మడ్డి maddi, తొగరు togaru • Urdu: togar mughalai

Native to: India, south-east Asia

References: M.M.P.N.D. • IndFlora • The Trees of Mumbai

Anacardiaceae (cashew family) » Mangifera indica

man-GEF-er-uh -- meaning, bearing mangos

IN-dih-kuh or in-DEE-kuh -- of or from India

commonly known as: mango • Assamese: আম aam • Bengali: আম aama • Hindi: आम aam • Kannada: ಮಾವು maavu • Konkani: आंबॉ ambo • Malayalam: മാവു് maavu • Manipuri: heinou • Marathi: अंबा amba • Sanskrit: आम्र aamra • Tamil: மா ma, மாங்காய் maangai • Telugu: ఆమ్రము amramu, మామిడి mamidi • Urdu: آم aam

Native to: South Asia and India

References: Flowers of India • Top Tropicals • Dave's Garden • EcoPort • Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database

Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus arnottiana

FY-kus or FIK-us from the Latin for Fig

ar-not-ee-AH-nuh -- named for George Arnold Walker-Arnott, Scottish botanist

commonly known as: Indian rock fig, rock pipal, waved-leaved fig tree, wild pipal • Gujarati: ખડક પાયર khadak payar • Hindi: bassari, palhi, पारस पिपल paras pipal, pilkhan, पिंपली pimpli • Kannada: ಕಲ್ಲ ಅಶ್ವತ್ಥ kalla ashvattha • Malayalam: കല്ലരയാല്‍ kallarayal • Marathi: पायर payar, कडक पाईर kadak payer, पिपळी pipli • Sanskrit: परीस parisah, प्लावक plavaka, प्लवंग plavanga • Tamil: கொடியரசு kotiyarasu • Telugu: కల్లరావి kallaravi, కొండ రావి konda ravi

Native to: India, Sri Lanka

References: Flowers of India • Sri Mahabodhiya • Ethnobotanical leaflets • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS - FRLHT

Malvaceae (mallow family) » Sida rhombifolia

SEE-duh -- in Greek, a type of water lily; although now a name for a type of mallow

rom-bif-OH-lee-uh -- meaning, leaves in a diamond shape

commonly known as: arrow-leaf sida, broom jute sida, country mallow, Cuban jute, paddy's lucerne, Queensland hemp, teaweed • Assamese: boriala • Bengali: svetbarela • Gujarati: baladana • Hindi: बरयारा baryara, kharenti, सहदेव sahadeva, swet-barela • Kannada: bolamgadale, kallangadale • Malayalam: vankuruntotti, valankuruntotti, velluram • Manipuri: uhan • Marathi: baler, sadeda, सहदेवी sahadevi • Oriya: bajromuli • Sanskrit: अतिबला atibala, बला bala, महाबल mahabala • Tamil: வேளைப்பாசை velaippacai • Telugu: గూబతడ guba tada, మహాబల mahabala • Urdu: بلا bala, بريارا baryara

Native to: India, Sri Lanka

References: Flowers of India • Forest Flora of Andhra Pradesh • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS - FRLHT • PIER species info

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