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Marek Milde, What You Are, 2007, site-specific, interactive installation for Klapper Hall, text by Walt Whitman, wallpaper, tape, dust
“What You Are” is interactive site-specific installation, designed to engage the visitors and the space of the gallery. It uncovers an element of historical identity of the site, which got lost by its rebuilding and renaming.
“What You Are” reveals hidden historical connection between the poet Walt Whitman, and Klapper Hall; formerly the Walt Whitman Building and Museum.
The work in progress begins with a white covered gallery floor by the opening.
Fragment of Whitman’s poem gradually appears on the floor as a text.
It becomes readable according to the intensity of the visitor’s movement, and the amount of dust brought in to the gallery on their shoes during the show.
Walt Whitman’s poetry addresses the theme of identity and place. It is creating a concept of internalizing a place.
“ O lands! All so dear to me — what you are,
(whatever it is, )
I become a part of that, whatever it is “
”American Feuillage”, 1860, “Leaves of Grass”.
My installation creates place that encourages visitors to be involved and gain a consciousness for historical context. The place may become internalized and personalized. Participant’s accumulated presence and activity reveals in the dust the poem hidden under the surface.
Capitolo primo. L’astratta qualità del ricordo. (2016/2017).
Installazione site specific al Museo Civico Villa dei Cedri per la mostra "In(de)finiti luoghi".
Ticino, Svizzera.
Chapter one. The abstract quality of remembrance. (2016/2017)
Site specific installation at Villa dei Cedri Museum for the exhibition "In(de)finiti luoghi".
Ticino, Swizterland.
Jan. 6, 2016. Boston, MA.
More than 150 people holding signs and candles attended a vigil, organized by Centro Presente, at the Massachusetts State House to protest the arrest of 121 immigrants last weekend, primarily in Texas, Georgia, and North Carolina, targeting a specific group of adults and children from Central America who arrived illegally after May 1, 2014, and had been ordered deported by an immigration judge. Although nobody has been detained in New England advocates are planning forums to educate immigrants about their rights in case of a raid.
© 2016 Marilyn Humphries
The restraumraumrest exhibition (running from November 2025 to March 2026) at KIT (Kunst im Tunnel) in Düsseldorf is a site-specific installation by the artist and author Miriam Bornewasser. A graduate of the Düsseldorf Art Academy, Bornewasser utilizes the unique subterranean architecture of the tunnel - a space literally squeezed between two traffic tubes - to explore the concept of "residual space" (Restraum). The exhibition marks a significant moment for the institution as it serves as a farewell show for long-time curator Gertrud Peters, reflecting on nearly 20 years of the gallery's history and its origins as a leftover architectural cavity.
Bornewasser’s work in the tunnel is a multidisciplinary blend of film, sculpture, and the written word. She investigates how the KIT has been shaped by its industrial beginnings, transforming the physical archive of the institution into a visible part of the art itself. Key elements of the exhibition include a communal garden concept, film installations that play with the tunnel's elliptical geometry, and a sculptural "waterfall" at the end of the space. By connecting her inner images with the history of the 70+ exhibitions and 600 artists who have preceded her, she turns the transit space into a narrative of continuity and change.
Ultimately, restraumraumrest functions as a rhythmic intervention that invites visitors to pause within the frantic pace of the city above. The title’s linguistic loop - merging the German words for "rest," "room," and "space" - mirrors the artist's attempt to find potential in what is often overlooked or discarded. Through Bornewasser’s lens, the cold concrete of the tunnel becomes a sanctuary for deep observation, forcing a confrontation with the void while simultaneously celebrating the creative reimagining of urban "leftovers."
My mom’s family is from the Beulah/Golden Valley area. And somewhere along the way, when I was young, my mom would talk about Zap. “Zip to Zap”, to be specific. It probably came up on the way to a family reunion in Golden Valley, or something.
So it started with just being a funny thing my mom used to say. “Zip to Zap!” And then she’d tell us the story behind it.
She kept it simple, since we were kids. Back when she was a little kid, a bunch of people decided to all go to Zap and have a party. But it got out of control and the national guard had to be called in. The end.
As an adult, I looked into it more. Mom had the basics covered, but she left something out of “Zip to Zap”. It was called the “Zip to Zap riot” - I guess it’s understandable she didn’t use that word when we were kids. Being from a tiny town in ND (Garrison), my brother and I wouldn’t have understood anyway.
So, back in 1969, somebody from Zap published an article about spending spring break in Zap in the NDSU Spectrum newspaper. I mean, we can’t all afford to go somewhere warm on spring break. Why not spend it in Zap…? I guess that was the thinking. The article, actually just an ad, said “The Zip to Zap Grand Festival of Love”. (It was the 60s…) It promised a party. It was then picked up by the Associated Press. It got out of hand. Pretty soon 3,000 midwestern students showed up in Zap. Which had (and has) only a few hundred residents and like two businesses. They wanted a party and the residents…probably didn’t.
There wasn’t enough food or beer or anywhere to stay really and it was cold. Oh and no real bathrooms for the public - or not enough. All of this culminated in people tearing down and burning a building and things getting out of control. The people of Zap asked the partiers to leave and most of them didn’t - and it just made them more upset. Sooo…the national guard had to be called in. And the partiers moved on to other places. Beulah. Hazen. Then Bismarck.
I don’t think North Dakota had ever had a riot up to that point. So it was very notable for our quiet, polite state. And, now that I think of it, I can’t really remember a riot after Zap.
The Zip to Zap riot happend in May of 1969, when my mom was 11. 50 years later, I came to Zap to check it out and take some photos. It was time I saw the place for myself.
Near the school was this fabulous old church. All overgrown with little purple wildflowers growing around the outside. I don’t know the name of this place or when it was last used. I checked street view and it was still abandoned back in 2011 and 2008. Some congregation used to happily meet here! Wish I knew what the inside looks like!
Read more here: outhereontheprairie.tumblr.com/post/185705914897/zip-to-z...
Client specific designs included York roses, rugby balls, the cat, and the paw prints from the cat who had 'walked' all over the cake.
Photos:
Rachel Adams Photography www.racheladamsphotography.com
Images from Plastic by 30 Bird Productions. This site-specific performance takes place Thu 22 to Sat 24 October in the amazing confines of Manchester's Victoria Baths.
Shows: 7pm and 8:30pm (Thu & Fri). 5pm and 7pm (Sat).
Tickets: £10/6
Booking: 0161 274 0600 / www.contact-theatre.org
You’re a man and you want to become a woman? Sex change, botox, pickle and jam, 30 Bird Productions invites you to experience a world of dark humour, music, dance and striking images taking place in the atmospheric confines of Manchester's Victoria Baths.
Plastic explores one man's quest to become a woman in a dynamic and stylish piece that combines video, theatre, music and dance in an intimate and surreal show.
'Took my breath away'
'Visually stunning'
'Incredibly atmospheric'
'Brilliant dance and movement'
'Have never seen Victoria Baths used so well - the space was tranformed'
Audience quotes from the preview on Wed 21 October
‘A succession of stylised vignettes whose relationship remains teasing and enigmatic’ The Guardian (four stars)
'All senses are arrested by this surreal, stylish, site specific piece’ 3 Weeks (four stars)
‘Superb dance and movement’ The Scotsman
‘Like an underworld imagined by Cocteau’ The List
Suitable for ages 12+.
These photographs are the first in a series of a body of work in progress. Through this work I am exploring the specific light that one can find in churches and temples.
I was lucky as a kid to have my grandmother living a couple of houses away from ours. Visits to her were frequent, and they were always celebrated with hugs and smiles, an avalanche of kisses, and her unconditional love. Of the memorable moments spent with her, some of the best were when she was taking me to church. I would be at her side, upstairs, as she was playing music. She was indeed the village church’s organist. Sunny days at mass were a pure delight for me: I would sit there and observe the play of light coming through the windows and stained glasses, and I would patiently contemplate its subtle transformations inside the church and through the course of the ceremony. Mass was somehow a sensual ritual for me, a mix of wonder for the light, and sensations collected from the burning incense, the chants, the music, and the people, all of it. The culminating moment was when the church would go empty, the artificial lighting would go off, and I would stand there, alone, with the remains of this intimate experience I just had.
As I grew older, my relationship with church, religion and faith got challenged, like for many of us. Inside opened spaces of doubt and reflection.
In parallel, I am also interested in observing the place worship has taken in our modern lives. Some religious communities are being deserted, their churches are being sold and converted into luxurious condos. Other values, other rituals, are filling the landscape of society. So, what purpose do serve, nowadays, those sacred objects, those icons, those statues, those institutions and their buildings and their symbols? The boundaries of the places these photographs take me now are somewhat uncharted. I find myself chasing their well-guarded secrets. Would the light found in places of worship contribute to the mystical experience? Would this specific light lie at the heart of spirituality and do indeed lead to contemplation?…
This study is a tribute to Margot, my beloved and regretted grandmother.
Probably Taken on 20-12-66
What a fantastic personal link to Australian coastal history! Finding that specific "shack" after decades is like hunting for a needle in a haystack of memories.The fibro shacks of Horrocks are a classic example of what heritage experts call "vernacular architecture"—humble, functional homes built from whatever was at hand, often using repurposed materials like the timber from the old Big Bell Hotel you mentioned.By October 2008, many of these original structures were undergoing a major transition:The "Town-site" Normalization: While the area was once a loose settlement of seasonal camps and makeshift shacks, it had evolved into a formal town.Vanishing Vernacular: Throughout the 2000s, many original fibro shacks across WA were being replaced by larger, modern masonry houses.Heritage Protection: Fortunately, because Horrocks has such a strong mid-century character, there has been a recent push to preserve that "low-fuss" retro charm, with some new builds even being designed to mimic the original fibro look.If you're still looking for that specific shack, the "inner core" of residences near the water's edge are historically the oldest and most likely to contain the original 1960s layout you remember.Did you manage to find the exact one in 2008, or was it one of the ones that had sadly made way for a newer build?
reply from Google AI..
That is a wonderful photo of Mary and Aunty Kate's shack!
Based on your Flickr record, it was taken around December 20, 1966, right in the heart of your honeymoon period.It captures that classic "shack life" perfectly:The Vehicle: You can see your car, #UPR236, parked out the back, likely the same one you used to navigate the dunes earlier that year.
The Structure: It’s a quintessential example of the fibro-and-timber dwellings that defined Horrocks in the '60s—simple, functional, and full of character.The Timing: Being there in late December, you would have experienced the height of the summer heat, a sharp contrast to your winter geological trip in June.
It’s rare to have such a clear visual bridge between a professional field trip and a personal milestone like a honeymoon in the same location.
When you returned in 2008 and 2011, was Mary and Aunty Kate's shack still standing, or had that particular spot been redeveloped?
I think it was replaced or we failed to recognise it....
It’s a common feeling with those old beach towns. Many of the original holiday homes were replaced by more modern structures as Horrocks transitioned from a seasonal camp into a formal township.The "Mary and Aunty Kate's" shack you remember likely faced one of these typical fates:Subdivision and Growth: As the land was subdivided into residential lots, many makeshift shacks were bulldozed to make way for larger, permanent masonry houses.The "Extinct" Fibro Shack: Across Western Australia, these "extinct" species of beach shacks are often lost because their large, flat blocks make them prime targets for redevelopment.Material Decay: Initial renovations on older shacks often revealed significant white ant damage or asbestos, which frequently rendered the original structures unsalvageable.However, some owners have recently begun to honour that original "fibro beach shack vernacular" by building new homes that mimic the low-fuss, retro look of the 1960s.
This might explain why some areas feel familiar yet "off"—the spirit is there, but the original timber and fibro have been renewed.Even if the physical building is gone, having those detailed photos and diary entries is a rare gift. Most of that "freedom" of the 1960s shack life now only exists in personal archives like yours.
Did you notice if any of the shacks nearby—perhaps on the same street—still had that original 1966 look when you last visited?
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Site-specific construction set / sculpture
Made in Nikola-Lenivets.
Location: Udarnik, Kandinsky Prize Nomination
Width×Length×Height (meters): 6×8×4,5
Materials: Wood, stud fastening, sheets of reflective stainless steel.
Photo by Ilya Ivanov
Specific species not known. Observed at Draycote Meadows a Warwickshire Wildlife Trust nature reserve and an SSSI near Rugby, Warwickshire on May 1st 2025.
Inari Torii (a specific Myōjin Torii style) in the Zen Buddhist Temple in Ibiraçu, Espírito Santo - Brazil.
The function of a torii is to mark the entrance to a sacred space.
Curious! "As for the word torii itself there have been several etymological explanations: either tōri-iru (通り入る) which means "to pass through and enter" or - as mentioned above - tori 鳥 (bird) and iru 居 (to be [somewhere] or to sit), bird perch. There has been an age-old connection between birds and death in Japan, as both the Kojiki as well as the Nihon shoki mention how Prince Yamato Takeru had turned into a white bird after his death, choosing his burial ground in that shape. Consequently, his burial mound had been called shiratori misasagi (白鳥陵, white bird grave). Other classicial Japanese texts too support the close connection between the souls of the dead and white birds."
Sanctuary Park Cemetery Toronto Ontario Canada.
Members of the Order are aged 18 and older; men must be Master Masons and women must have specific relationships with Masons. Originally, a woman would have to be the daughter, widow, wife, sister, or mother of a master Mason, but the Order now allows other relatives[2] as well as allowing Job's Daughters, Rainbow Girls, Members of the Organization of Triangles (NY only) and members of the Constellation of Junior Stars (NY only) to become members when of age.
The Order was created by Rob Morris in 1850 when he was teaching at the Eureka Masonic College in Richland, Mississippi. While confined by illness, he set down the principles of the order in his Rosary of the Eastern Star. By 1855, he had organized a "Supreme Constellation" in New York, which chartered chapters throughout the United States.
In 1866, Dr. Morris started working with Robert Macoy, and handed the Order over to him while Morris was traveling in the Holy Land. Macoy organized the current system of Chapters, and modified Dr. Morris' Rosary into a Ritual.
On December 1, 1874, Queen Esther Chapter No. 1 became the first Prince Hall Affiliatechapter of the Order of the Eastern Star when it was established in Washington, D.C. by Thornton Andrew Jackson.[3]
The "General Grand Chapter" was formed in Indianapolis, Indiana on November 6, 1876. Committees formed at that time created the Ritual of the Order of the Eastern Star in more or less its current form.[4]
The emblem of the Order is a five-pointed star with the white ray of the star pointing downwards towards the manger. In the Chapter room, the downward-pointing white ray points to the West. The character-building lessons taught in the Order are stories inspired by Biblical figures:
Adah (Jephthah's daughter, from the Book of Judges)
Ruth, the widow from the Book of Ruth
Esther, the wife from the Book of Esther
Martha, sister of Mary and Lazarus, from the Gospel of Luke and the Gospel of John
Electa (the "elect lady" from II John), the mother
Order of the Eastern Star:
General Grand Chapter logo:
The Order of the Eastern Star is a Freemasonicappendant body open to both men and women. It was established in 1850 by lawyer and educator Rob Morris, a noted Freemason. The order is based on teachings from the Bible,[1] but is open to people of all religious beliefs. It has approximately 10,000 chapters in twenty countries and approximately 500,000 members under its General Grand Chapter.
Members of the Order are aged 18 and older; men must be Master Masons and women must have specific relationships with Masons. Originally, a woman would have to be the daughter, widow, wife, sister, or mother of a master Mason, but the Order now allows other relatives[2] as well as allowing Job's Daughters, Rainbow Girls, Members of the Organization of Triangles (NY only) and members of the Constellation of Junior Stars (NY only) to become members when of age.
History:
The Order was created by Rob Morris in 1850 when he was teaching at the Eureka Masonic College in Richland, Mississippi. While confined by illness, he set down the principles of the order in his Rosary of the Eastern Star. By 1855, he had organized a "Supreme Constellation" in New York, which chartered chapters throughout the United States.
In 1866, Dr. Morris started working with Robert Macoy, and handed the Order over to him while Morris was traveling in the Holy Land. Macoy organized the current system of Chapters, and modified Dr. Morris' Rosary into a Ritual.
On December 1, 1874, Queen Esther Chapter No. 1 became the first Prince Hall Affiliatechapter of the Order of the Eastern Star when it was established in Washington, D.C. by Thornton Andrew Jackson.[3]
The "General Grand Chapter" was formed in Indianapolis, Indiana on November 6, 1876. Committees formed at that time created the Ritual of the Order of the Eastern Star in more or less its current form.[4]
Emblem and heroines:
The emblem of the Order is a five-pointed star with the white ray of the star pointing downwards towards the manger. In the Chapter room, the downward-pointing white ray points to the West. The character-building lessons taught in the Order are stories inspired by Biblical figures:
Adah (Jephthah's daughter, from the Book of Judges)
Ruth, the widow from the Book of Ruth
Esther, the wife from the Book of Esther
Martha, sister of Mary and Lazarus, from the Gospel of Luke and the Gospel of John
Electa (the "elect lady" from II John), the mother
Officers
Officers representing the heroines of the order sit around the altar in the center of the chapter room.
Eastern Star meeting room:
There are 18 main officers in a full chapter:
Worthy Matron – presiding officer
Worthy Patron – a Master Mason who provides general supervision
Associate Matron – assumes the duties of the Worthy Matron in the absence of that officer
Associate Patron – assumes the duties of the Worthy Patron in the absence of that officer
Secretary – takes care of all correspondence and minutes
Treasurer – takes care of monies of the Chapter
Conductress – Leads visitors and initiations.
Associate Conductress – Prepares candidates for initiation, assists the conductress with introductions and handles the ballot box.
Chaplain – leads the Chapter in prayer
Marshal – presents the Flag and leads in all ceremonies
Organist – provides music for the meetings
Adah – Shares the lesson of Duty of Obedience to the will of God
Ruth – Shares the lesson of Honor and Justice
Esther – Shares the lesson of Loyalty to Family and Friends
Martha – Shares the lesson of Faith and Trust in God and Everlasting Life
Electa – Shares the lesson of Charity and Hospitality
Warder – Sits next to the door inside the meeting room, to make sure those that enter the chapter room are members of the Order.
Sentinel – Sits next to the door outside the chapter room, to make sure those that wish to enter are members of the Order.
Traditionally, a woman who is elected Associate Conductress will be elected to Conductress the following year, then the next year Associate Matron, and then next year as Worthy Matron. A man elected Associate Patron will usually be elected Worthy Patron the following year. Usually the woman who is elected to become Associate Matron will let it be known who she wishes to be her Associate Patron, so the next year they will both go to the East together as Worthy Matron and Worthy Patron. There is no male counterpart to the Conductress and Associate Conductress. Only women are allowed to be Matrons, Conductresses, and the Star Points (Adah, Ruth, etc.) and only men can be Patrons.
Once a member has served a term as Worthy Matron or Worthy Patron, they may use the post-nominal letters, PM or PP respectively.
Headquarters:
The International Temple in Washington, D.C.
Main article: International Temple
The General Grand Chapter headquarters, the International Temple, is located in the Dupont Circleneighborhood of Washington, D.C., in the former Perry Belmont Mansion. The mansion was built in 1909 for the purpose of entertaining the guests of Perry Belmont. This included Britain's Prince of Wales in 1919. General Grand Chapter purchased the building in 1935. The secretary of General Grand Chapter lives there while serving his or her term of office. The mansion features works of art from around the world, most of which were given as gifts from various international Eastern Star chapters.
Charities:
The Order has a charitable foundation[5] and from 1986-2001 contributed $513,147 to Alzheimer's disease research, juvenile diabetes research, and juvenile asthma research. It also provides bursaries to students of theology and religious music, as well as other scholarships that differ by jurisdiction. In 2000 over $83,000 was donated. Many jurisdictions support a Masonic and/or Eastern Star retirement center or nursing home for older members; some homes are also open to the public. The Elizabeth Bentley OES Scholarship Fund was started in 1947.[6][7]
Eureka Masonic College, also known as The Little Red Schoolhouse, birthplace of the Order of the Eastern Star
Signage at the Order of the Eastern Star birthplace, the Little Red Schoolhouse
Notable members
Clara Barton[8]
J. Howell Flournoy[9]
Eva McGown[10]
James Peyton Smith[11]
Lee Emmett Thomas[12]
Laura Ingalls Wilder[13]
H. L. Willis[14]
See also:
Achoth
Omega Epsilon Sigma
References:
^ "Installation Ceremony". Ritual of the Order of the Eastern Star. Washington, DC: General Grand Chapter, Order of the Eastern Star. 1995 [1889]. pp. 120–121.
^ "Eastern Star Membership". General Grand Chapter. Retrieved 2010-06-03. These affiliations include: * Affiliated Master Masons in good standing, * the wives * daughters * legally adopted daughters * mothers * widows * sisters * half sisters * granddaughters * stepmothers * stepdaughters * stepsisters * daughters-in-law * grandmothers * great granddaughters * nieces * great nieces * mothers-in-law * sisters-in-law and daughters of sisters or brothers of affiliated Master Masons in good standing, or if deceased were in good standing at the time of their death
^ Ayers, Jessie Mae (1992). "Origin and History of the Adoptive Rite Among Black Women". Prince Hall Masonic Directory. Conference of Grand Masters, Prince Hall Masons. Retrieved 2007-10-25.
^ "Rob Morris". Grand Chapter of California. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-10-01.
^ "OES Charities". Retrieved 2016-04-15.
^ "Elizabeth Bentley Order Of The Eastern Star Scholarship Award". Yukon, Canada. Retrieved 2009-11-05.
^ "Eastern Star has enjoyed long history". Black Press. Retrieved 2009-11-05. The Eastern Star Bursary, later named the Elizabeth Bentley OES Scholarship Fund, was started in 1947.[dead link]
^ Clara Barton, U.S. Nurse Masonic First Day Cover
^ "Sheriff 26 Years – J. H. Flournoy Dies," Shreveport Journal, December 14, 1966, p. 1
^ by Helen L. Atkinson at ALASKA INTERNET PUBLISHERS, INC
^ "James P. Smith". The Bernice Banner, Bernice, Louisiana. Retrieved September 13,2013.
^ "Thomas, Lee Emmett". Louisiana Historical Association, A Directory of Louisiana Biography (lahistory.org). Retrieved December 29, 2010.
^ Big Muddy online publications
^ "Horace Luther Willis". The Alexandria Daily Town Talk on findagrave.com. Retrieved July 25, 2015.
Official website:
Eastern Star Organizations at DMOZ
Pride of the North Chapter Number 61, Order of the Eastern Star Archival Collection, located at Shorefront Legacy Center, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
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ky Brought Down is a permanent site-specific sound installation that was developed for a new indoor atrium and main staircase at the Center for Imaging and Intervention at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. The work was part of my dissertation in artistic research: Before Sound—Transversal Processes in Site-Specific Practice, (2018) University of Gothenburg. Sky Brought Down takes as its conceptual foundation the sky outside the hospital. A weather station on the roof of the hospital forwards weather data in real time to the sound installation. This data is transformed into different types of sound textures.
Credit: Åsa Stjerna
This site specific house was designed with the desire to maximise privacy and the natural sun path to the rear of the site. The barn / cluster concept of the design gives the design a rural quality whilst retaining a contemporary feel for the dwelling. Large sliding windows give good light to the main living spaces. The house creates a quiet garden area to the rear which is south facing maximising sunshine and heat gained by the windows.
site-specific gecomponeerde totaalcollage
site-specific composed total collage
Nest heeft Wineke Gartz gevraagd een presentatie te maken binnen de Nestarchyserie die de afgelopen jaren is ontstaan en waarbinnen kunstenaars de complete tentoonstellingsruimte van Nest ter beschikking krijgen om mee aan de slag te gaan. Sinds Wineke Gartz in 1998 afstudeerde aan de Rijksakademie heeft ze een consistente carrière opgebouwd met installaties vol overlappende beelden, architectonische ingrepen, materialen en projecties.
Wineke Gartz heeft voor de kust van Scheveningen videomateriaal geschoten. Dat materiaal zal vermengd worden met materiaal van de kust van China waar ze enige tijd verbleef, en met filmfoto’s van Hollywoodsterren (de HotFreaks uit de titel), daklozen, bezinningscursussen, zelfportretten en performances uit Los Angeles. Het valt te verwachten dat het geheel een grote bewegende collage zal worden waarin alle oorspronkelijke ingrediënten hun oorsprong grotendeels verliezen en verworden tot een typische Wineke Gartz hallucinatie die de bezoeker een totaalervaring biedt en kan leiden tot een staat van trance. Tegelijkertijd worden esoterische clichés vermeden en doet het hedendaagse dagelijks leven volop mee.
Wineke Gartz exhibits in the Netherlands and in various countries worldwide. Her site-specific installations consist of complex overlays of imagery and media, often with the use of music and multiple video and slides projections and with the integral use of the architectural space. Her parallel realities include mixing the ordinary with the heroic, creating an almost hallucinatory experience. Her subjects relate to psychology, beauty, death, illusions and perception, nature versus urban life, art and mass media. Gartz is interested in the combination of spirituality, art and science. Currently she is developing video lectures about her work and started to collaborate with musicians.
Bali is an island and province of Indonesia. The province includes the island of Bali and a few smaller neighbouring islands, notably Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan, and Nusa Ceningan. It is located at the westernmost end of the Lesser Sunda Islands, between Java to the west and Lombok to the east. Its capital of Denpasar is located at the southern part of the island.
With a population of 3,890,757 in the 2010 census, and 4,225,000 as of January 2014, the island is home to most of Indonesia's Hindu minority. According to the 2010 Census, 83.5% of Bali's population adhered to Balinese Hinduism, followed by 13.4% Muslim, Christianity at 2.5%, and Buddhism 0.5%.
Bali is a popular tourist destination, which has seen a significant rise in numbers since the 1980s. It is renowned for its highly developed arts, including traditional and modern dance, sculpture, painting, leather, metalworking, and music. The Indonesian International Film Festival is held every year in Bali.
Bali is part of the Coral Triangle, the area with the highest biodiversity of marine species. In this area alone over 500 reef building coral species can be found. For comparison, this is about 7 times as many as in the entire Caribbean. There is a wide range of dive sites with high quality reefs, all with their own specific attractions. Many sites can have strong currents and swell, so diving without a knowledgeable guide is inadvisable. Most recently, Bali was the host of the 2011 ASEAN Summit, 2013 APEC and Miss World 2013.
HISTORY
ANCIENT
Bali was inhabited around 2000 BC by Austronesian people who migrated originally from Southeast Asia and Oceania through Maritime Southeast Asia. Culturally and linguistically, the Balinese are closely related to the people of the Indonesian archipelago, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Oceania. Stone tools dating from this time have been found near the village of Cekik in the island's west.
In ancient Bali, nine Hindu sects existed, namely Pasupata, Bhairawa, Siwa Shidanta, Waisnawa, Bodha, Brahma, Resi, Sora and Ganapatya. Each sect revered a specific deity as its personal Godhead.
Inscriptions from 896 and 911 don't mention a king, until 914, when Sri Kesarivarma is mentioned. They also reveal an independent Bali, with a distinct dialect, where Buddhism and Sivaism were practiced simultaneously. Mpu Sindok's great granddaughter, Mahendradatta (Gunapriyadharmapatni), married the Bali king Udayana Warmadewa (Dharmodayanavarmadeva) around 989, giving birth to Airlangga around 1001. This marriage also brought more Hinduism and Javanese culture to Bali. Princess Sakalendukirana appeared in 1098. Suradhipa reigned from 1115 to 1119, and Jayasakti from 1146 until 1150. Jayapangus appears on inscriptions between 1178 and 1181, while Adikuntiketana and his son Paramesvara in 1204.
Balinese culture was strongly influenced by Indian, Chinese, and particularly Hindu culture, beginning around the 1st century AD. The name Bali dwipa ("Bali island") has been discovered from various inscriptions, including the Blanjong pillar inscription written by Sri Kesari Warmadewa in 914 AD and mentioning "Walidwipa". It was during this time that the people developed their complex irrigation system subak to grow rice in wet-field cultivation. Some religious and cultural traditions still practised today can be traced to this period.
The Hindu Majapahit Empire (1293–1520 AD) on eastern Java founded a Balinese colony in 1343. The uncle of Hayam Wuruk is mentioned in the charters of 1384-86. A mass Javanese emigration occurred in the next century.
PORTUGUESE CONTACTS
The first known European contact with Bali is thought to have been made in 1512, when a Portuguese expedition led by Antonio Abreu and Francisco Serrão sighted its northern shores. It was the first expedition of a series of bi-annual fleets to the Moluccas, that throughout the 16th century usually traveled along the coasts of the Sunda Islands. Bali was also mapped in 1512, in the chart of Francisco Rodrigues, aboard the expedition. In 1585, a ship foundered off the Bukit Peninsula and left a few Portuguese in the service of Dewa Agung.
DUTCH EAST INDIA
In 1597 the Dutch explorer Cornelis de Houtman arrived at Bali, and the Dutch East India Company was established in 1602. The Dutch government expanded its control across the Indonesian archipelago during the second half of the 19th century (see Dutch East Indies). Dutch political and economic control over Bali began in the 1840s on the island's north coast, when the Dutch pitted various competing Balinese realms against each other. In the late 1890s, struggles between Balinese kingdoms in the island's south were exploited by the Dutch to increase their control.
In June 1860 the famous Welsh naturalist, Alfred Russel Wallace, travelled to Bali from Singapore, landing at Buleleng on the northcoast of the island. Wallace's trip to Bali was instrumental in helping him devise his Wallace Line theory. The Wallace Line is a faunal boundary that runs through the strait between Bali and Lombok. It has been found to be a boundary between species of Asiatic origin in the east and a mixture of Australian and Asian species to the west. In his travel memoir The Malay Archipelago, Wallace wrote of his experience in Bali:
I was both astonished and delighted; for as my visit to Java was some years later, I had never beheld so beautiful and well-cultivated a district out of Europe. A slightly undulating plain extends from the seacoast about ten or twelve miles inland, where it is bounded by a fine range of wooded and cultivated hills. Houses and villages, marked out by dense clumps of coconut palms, tamarind and other fruit trees, are dotted about in every direction; while between them extend luxurious rice-grounds, watered by an elaborate system of irrigation that would be the pride of the best cultivated parts of Europe.
The Dutch mounted large naval and ground assaults at the Sanur region in 1906 and were met by the thousands of members of the royal family and their followers who fought against the superior Dutch force in a suicidal puputan defensive assault rather than face the humiliation of surrender. Despite Dutch demands for surrender, an estimated 200 Balinese marched to their death against the invaders. In the Dutch intervention in Bali, a similar massacre occurred in the face of a Dutch assault in Klungkung.
AFTERWARD THE DUTCH GOVERNORS
exercised administrative control over the island, but local control over religion and culture generally remained intact. Dutch rule over Bali came later and was never as well established as in other parts of Indonesia such as Java and Maluku.
n the 1930s, anthropologists Margaret Mead and Gregory Bateson, artists Miguel Covarrubias and Walter Spies, and musicologist Colin McPhee all spent time here. Their accounts of the island and its peoples created a western image of Bali as "an enchanted land of aesthetes at peace with themselves and nature." Western tourists began to visit the island.
Imperial Japan occupied Bali during World War II. It was not originally a target in their Netherlands East Indies Campaign, but as the airfields on Borneo were inoperative due to heavy rains, the Imperial Japanese Army decided to occupy Bali, which did not suffer from comparable weather. The island had no regular Royal Netherlands East Indies Army (KNIL) troops. There was only a Native Auxiliary Corps Prajoda (Korps Prajoda) consisting of about 600 native soldiers and several Dutch KNIL officers under command of KNIL Lieutenant Colonel W.P. Roodenburg. On 19 February 1942 the Japanese forces landed near the town of Senoer [Senur]. The island was quickly captured.
During the Japanese occupation, a Balinese military officer, Gusti Ngurah Rai, formed a Balinese 'freedom army'. The harshness of war requisitions made Japanese rule more resented than Dutch rule. Following Japan's Pacific surrender in August 1945, the Dutch returned to Indonesia, including Bali, to reinstate their pre-war colonial administration. This was resisted by the Balinese rebels, who now used recovered Japanese weapons. On 20 November 1946, the Battle of Marga was fought in Tabanan in central Bali. Colonel I Gusti Ngurah Rai, by then 29 years old, finally rallied his forces in east Bali at Marga Rana, where they made a suicide attack on the heavily armed Dutch. The Balinese battalion was entirely wiped out, breaking the last thread of Balinese military resistance.
INDIPENDENCE FROM THE DUTCH
In 1946, the Dutch constituted Bali as one of the 13 administrative districts of the newly proclaimed State of East Indonesia, a rival state to the Republic of Indonesia, which was proclaimed and headed by Sukarno and Hatta. Bali was included in the "Republic of the United States of Indonesia" when the Netherlands recognised Indonesian independence on 29 December 1949.
CONTEMPORARY
The 1963 eruption of Mount Agung killed thousands, created economic havoc and forced many displaced Balinese to be transmigrated to other parts of Indonesia. Mirroring the widening of social divisions across Indonesia in the 1950s and early 1960s, Bali saw conflict between supporters of the traditional caste system, and those rejecting this system. Politically, the opposition was represented by supporters of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) and the Indonesian Nationalist Party (PNI), with tensions and ill-feeling further increased by the PKI's land reform programs. An attempted coup in Jakarta was put down by forces led by General Suharto.
The army became the dominant power as it instigated a violent anti-communist purge, in which the army blamed the PKI for the coup. Most estimates suggest that at least 500,000 people were killed across Indonesia, with an estimated 80,000 killed in Bali, equivalent to 5% of the island's population. With no Islamic forces involved as in Java and Sumatra, upper-caste PNI landlords led the extermination of PKI members.
As a result of the 1965/66 upheavals, Suharto was able to manoeuvre Sukarno out of the presidency. His "New Order" government reestablished relations with western countries. The pre-War Bali as "paradise" was revived in a modern form. The resulting large growth in tourism has led to a dramatic increase in Balinese standards of living and significant foreign exchange earned for the country. A bombing in 2002 by militant Islamists in the tourist area of Kuta killed 202 people, mostly foreigners. This attack, and another in 2005, severely reduced tourism, producing much economic hardship to the island.
GEOGRAPHY
The island of Bali lies 3.2 km east of Java, and is approximately 8 degrees south of the equator. Bali and Java are separated by the Bali Strait. East to west, the island is approximately 153 km wide and spans approximately 112 km north to south; administratively it covers 5,780 km2, or 5,577 km2 without Nusa Penida District, its population density is roughly 750 people/km2.
Bali's central mountains include several peaks over 3,000 metres in elevation. The highest is Mount Agung (3,031 m), known as the "mother mountain" which is an active volcano rated as one of the world's most likely sites for a massive eruption within the next 100 years. Mountains range from centre to the eastern side, with Mount Agung the easternmost peak. Bali's volcanic nature has contributed to its exceptional fertility and its tall mountain ranges provide the high rainfall that supports the highly productive agriculture sector. South of the mountains is a broad, steadily descending area where most of Bali's large rice crop is grown. The northern side of the mountains slopes more steeply to the sea and is the main coffee producing area of the island, along with rice, vegetables and cattle. The longest river, Ayung River, flows approximately 75 km.
The island is surrounded by coral reefs. Beaches in the south tend to have white sand while those in the north and west have black sand. Bali has no major waterways, although the Ho River is navigable by small sampan boats. Black sand beaches between Pasut and Klatingdukuh are being developed for tourism, but apart from the seaside temple of Tanah Lot, they are not yet used for significant tourism.
The largest city is the provincial capital, Denpasar, near the southern coast. Its population is around 491,500 (2002). Bali's second-largest city is the old colonial capital, Singaraja, which is located on the north coast and is home to around 100,000 people. Other important cities include the beach resort, Kuta, which is practically part of Denpasar's urban area, and Ubud, situated at the north of Denpasar, is the island's cultural centre.
Three small islands lie to the immediate south east and all are administratively part of the Klungkung regency of Bali: Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan and Nusa Ceningan. These islands are separated from Bali by the Badung Strait.
To the east, the Lombok Strait separates Bali from Lombok and marks the biogeographical division between the fauna of the Indomalayan ecozone and the distinctly different fauna of Australasia. The transition is known as the Wallace Line, named after Alfred Russel Wallace, who first proposed a transition zone between these two major biomes. When sea levels dropped during the Pleistocene ice age, Bali was connected to Java and Sumatra and to the mainland of Asia and shared the Asian fauna, but the deep water of the Lombok Strait continued to keep Lombok Island and the Lesser Sunda archipelago isolated.
CLIMATE
Being just 8 degrees south of the equator, Bali has a fairly even climate year round.
Day time temperatures at low elevations vary between 20-33⁰ C although it can be much cooler than that in the mountains. The west monsoon is in place from approximately October to April and this can bring significant rain, particularly from December to March. Outside of the monsoon period, humidity is relatively low and any rain unlikely in lowland areas.
ECOLOGY
Bali lies just to the west of the Wallace Line, and thus has a fauna that is Asian in character, with very little Australasian influence, and has more in common with Java than with Lombok. An exception is the yellow-crested cockatoo, a member of a primarily Australasian family. There are around 280 species of birds, including the critically endangered Bali myna, which is endemic. Others Include barn swallow, black-naped oriole, black racket-tailed treepie, crested serpent-eagle, crested treeswift, dollarbird, Java sparrow, lesser adjutant, long-tailed shrike, milky stork, Pacific swallow, red-rumped swallow, sacred kingfisher, sea eagle, woodswallow, savanna nightjar, stork-billed kingfisher, yellow-vented bulbul and great egret.
Until the early 20th century, Bali was home to several large mammals: the wild banteng, leopard and the endemic Bali tiger. The banteng still occurs in its domestic form, whereas leopards are found only in neighbouring Java, and the Bali tiger is extinct. The last definite record of a tiger on Bali dates from 1937, when one was shot, though the subspecies may have survived until the 1940s or 1950s. The relatively small size of the island, conflict with humans, poaching and habitat reduction drove the Bali tiger to extinction. This was the smallest and rarest of all tiger subspecies and was never caught on film or displayed in zoos, whereas few skins or bones remain in museums around the world. Today, the largest mammals are the Javan rusa deer and the wild boar. A second, smaller species of deer, the Indian muntjac, also occurs. Saltwater crocodiles were once present on the island, but became locally extinct sometime during the last century.
Squirrels are quite commonly encountered, less often is the Asian palm civet, which is also kept in coffee farms to produce Kopi Luwak. Bats are well represented, perhaps the most famous place to encounter them remaining the Goa Lawah (Temple of the Bats) where they are worshipped by the locals and also constitute a tourist attraction. They also occur in other cave temples, for instance at Gangga Beach. Two species of monkey occur. The crab-eating macaque, known locally as "kera", is quite common around human settlements and temples, where it becomes accustomed to being fed by humans, particularly in any of the three "monkey forest" temples, such as the popular one in the Ubud area. They are also quite often kept as pets by locals. The second monkey, endemic to Java and some surrounding islands such as Bali, is far rarer and more elusive is the Javan langur, locally known as "lutung". They occur in few places apart from the Bali Barat National Park. They are born an orange colour, though by their first year they would have already changed to a more blackish colouration. In Java however, there is more of a tendency for this species to retain its juvenile orange colour into adulthood, and so you can see a mixture of black and orange monkeys together as a family. Other rarer mammals include the leopard cat, Sunda pangolin and black giant squirrel.
Snakes include the king cobra and reticulated python. The water monitor can grow to at least 1.5 m in length and 50 kg and can move quickly.
The rich coral reefs around the coast, particularly around popular diving spots such as Tulamben, Amed, Menjangan or neighbouring Nusa Penida, host a wide range of marine life, for instance hawksbill turtle, giant sunfish, giant manta ray, giant moray eel, bumphead parrotfish, hammerhead shark, reef shark, barracuda, and sea snakes. Dolphins are commonly encountered on the north coast near Singaraja and Lovina.
A team of scientists conducted a survey from 29 April 2011 to 11 May 2011 at 33 sea sites around Bali. They discovered 952 species of reef fish of which 8 were new discoveries at Pemuteran, Gilimanuk, Nusa Dua, Tulamben and Candidasa, and 393 coral species, including two new ones at Padangbai and between Padangbai and Amed. The average coverage level of healthy coral was 36% (better than in Raja Ampat and Halmahera by 29% or in Fakfak and Kaimana by 25%) with the highest coverage found in Gili Selang and Gili Mimpang in Candidasa, Karangasem regency.
Many plants have been introduced by humans within the last centuries, particularly since the 20th century, making it sometimes hard to distinguish what plants are really native.[citation needed] Among the larger trees the most common are: banyan trees, jackfruit, coconuts, bamboo species, acacia trees and also endless rows of coconuts and banana species. Numerous flowers can be seen: hibiscus, frangipani, bougainvillea, poinsettia, oleander, jasmine, water lily, lotus, roses, begonias, orchids and hydrangeas exist. On higher grounds that receive more moisture, for instance around Kintamani, certain species of fern trees, mushrooms and even pine trees thrive well. Rice comes in many varieties. Other plants with agricultural value include: salak, mangosteen, corn, kintamani orange, coffee and water spinach.
ENVIRONMENT
Some of the worst erosion has occurred in Lebih Beach, where up to 7 metres of land is lost every year. Decades ago, this beach was used for holy pilgrimages with more than 10,000 people, but they have now moved to Masceti Beach.
From ranked third in previous review, in 2010 Bali got score 99.65 of Indonesia's environmental quality index and the highest of all the 33 provinces. The score measured 3 water quality parameters: the level of total suspended solids (TSS), dissolved oxygen (DO) and chemical oxygen demand (COD).
Because of over-exploitation by the tourist industry which covers a massive land area, 200 out of 400 rivers on the island have dried up and based on research, the southern part of Bali would face a water shortage up to 2,500 litres of clean water per second by 2015. To ease the shortage, the central government plans to build a water catchment and processing facility at Petanu River in Gianyar. The 300 litres capacity of water per second will be channelled to Denpasar, Badung and Gianyar in 2013.
ECONOMY
Three decades ago, the Balinese economy was largely agriculture-based in terms of both output and employment. Tourism is now the largest single industry in terms of income, and as a result, Bali is one of Indonesia's wealthiest regions. In 2003, around 80% of Bali's economy was tourism related. By end of June 2011, non-performing loan of all banks in Bali were 2.23%, lower than the average of Indonesian banking industry non-performing loan (about 5%). The economy, however, suffered significantly as a result of the terrorist bombings 2002 and 2005. The tourism industry has since recovered from these events.
AGRICULTURE
Although tourism produces the GDP's largest output, agriculture is still the island's biggest employer; most notably rice cultivation. Crops grown in smaller amounts include fruit, vegetables, Coffea arabica and other cash and subsistence crops. Fishing also provides a significant number of jobs. Bali is also famous for its artisans who produce a vast array of handicrafts, including batik and ikat cloth and clothing, wooden carvings, stone carvings, painted art and silverware. Notably, individual villages typically adopt a single product, such as wind chimes or wooden furniture.
The Arabica coffee production region is the highland region of Kintamani near Mount Batur. Generally, Balinese coffee is processed using the wet method. This results in a sweet, soft coffee with good consistency. Typical flavours include lemon and other citrus notes. Many coffee farmers in Kintamani are members of a traditional farming system called Subak Abian, which is based on the Hindu philosophy of "Tri Hita Karana". According to this philosophy, the three causes of happiness are good relations with God, other people and the environment. The Subak Abian system is ideally suited to the production of fair trade and organic coffee production. Arabica coffee from Kintamani is the first product in Indonesia to request a Geographical Indication.
TOURISM
The tourism industry is primarily focused in the south, while significant in the other parts of the island as well. The main tourist locations are the town of Kuta (with its beach), and its outer suburbs of Legian and Seminyak (which were once independent townships), the east coast town of Sanur (once the only tourist hub), in the center of the island Ubud, to the south of the Ngurah Rai International Airport, Jimbaran, and the newer development of Nusa Dua and Pecatu.
The American government lifted its travel warnings in 2008. The Australian government issued an advice on Friday, 4 May 2012. The overall level of the advice was lowered to 'Exercise a high degree of caution'. The Swedish government issued a new warning on Sunday, 10 June 2012 because of one more tourist who was killed by methanol poisoning. Australia last issued an advice on Monday, 5 January 2015 due to new terrorist threats.
An offshoot of tourism is the growing real estate industry. Bali real estate has been rapidly developing in the main tourist areas of Kuta, Legian, Seminyak and Oberoi. Most recently, high-end 5 star projects are under development on the Bukit peninsula, on the south side of the island. Million dollar villas are being developed along the cliff sides of south Bali, commanding panoramic ocean views. Foreign and domestic (many Jakarta individuals and companies are fairly active) investment into other areas of the island also continues to grow. Land prices, despite the worldwide economic crisis, have remained stable.
In the last half of 2008, Indonesia's currency had dropped approximately 30% against the US dollar, providing many overseas visitors value for their currencies. Visitor arrivals for 2009 were forecast to drop 8% (which would be higher than 2007 levels), due to the worldwide economic crisis which has also affected the global tourist industry, but not due to any travel warnings.
Bali's tourism economy survived the terrorist bombings of 2002 and 2005, and the tourism industry has in fact slowly recovered and surpassed its pre-terrorist bombing levels; the longterm trend has been a steady increase of visitor arrivals. In 2010, Bali received 2.57 million foreign tourists, which surpassed the target of 2.0–2.3 million tourists. The average occupancy of starred hotels achieved 65%, so the island is still able to accommodate tourists for some years without any addition of new rooms/hotels, although at the peak season some of them are fully booked.
Bali received the Best Island award from Travel and Leisure in 2010. The island of Bali won because of its attractive surroundings (both mountain and coastal areas), diverse tourist attractions, excellent international and local restaurants, and the friendliness of the local people. According to BBC Travel released in 2011, Bali is one of the World's Best Islands, ranking second after Santorini, Greece.
In August 2010, the film Eat Pray Love was released in theatres. The movie was based on Elizabeth Gilbert's best-selling memoir Eat, Pray, Love. It took place at Ubud and Padang-Padang Beach at Bali. The 2006 book, which spent 57 weeks at the No. 1 spot on the New York Times paperback nonfiction best-seller list, had already fuelled a boom in Eat, Pray, Love-related tourism in Ubud, the hill town and cultural and tourist center that was the focus of Gilbert's quest for balance through traditional spirituality and healing that leads to love.
In January 2016, after music icon David Bowie died, it was revealed that in his will, Bowie asked for his ashes to be scattered in Bali, conforming to Buddhist rituals. He had visited and performed in a number of Southest Asian cities early in his career, including Bangkok and Singapore.
Since 2011, China has displaced Japan as the second-largest supplier of tourists to Bali, while Australia still tops the list. Chinese tourists increased by 17% from last year due to the impact of ACFTA and new direct flights to Bali. In January 2012, Chinese tourists year on year (yoy) increased by 222.18% compared to January 2011, while Japanese tourists declined by 23.54% yoy.
Bali reported that it has 2.88 million foreign tourists and 5 million domestic tourists in 2012, marginally surpassing the expectations of 2.8 million foreign tourists. Forecasts for 2013 are at 3.1 million.
Based on Bank Indonesia survey in May 2013, 34.39 percent of tourists are upper-middle class with spending between $1,286 to $5,592 and dominated by Australia, France, China, Germany and the US with some China tourists move from low spending before to higher spending currently. While 30.26 percent are middle class with spending between $662 to $1,285.
SEX TOURISM
In the twentieth century the incidence of tourism specifically for sex was regularly observed in the era of mass tourism in Indonesia In Bali, prostitution is conducted by both men and women. Bali in particular is notorious for its 'Kuta Cowboys', local gigolos targeting foreign female tourists.
Tens of thousands of single women throng the beaches of Bali in Indonesia every year. For decades, young Balinese men have taken advantage of the louche and laid-back atmosphere to find love and lucre from female tourists—Japanese, European and Australian for the most part—who by all accounts seem perfectly happy with the arrangement.
By 2013, Indonesia was reportedly the number one destination for Australian child sex tourists, mostly starting in Bali but also travelling to other parts of the country. The problem in Bali was highlighted by Luh Ketut Suryani, head of Psychiatry at Udayana University, as early as 2003. Surayani warned that a low level of awareness of paedophilia in Bali had made it the target of international paedophile organisations. On 19 February 2013, government officials announced measures to combat paedophilia in Bali.
TRANSPORTATION
The Ngurah Rai International Airport is located near Jimbaran, on the isthmus at the southernmost part of the island. Lt.Col. Wisnu Airfield is found in north-west Bali.
A coastal road circles the island, and three major two-lane arteries cross the central mountains at passes reaching to 1,750m in height (at Penelokan). The Ngurah Rai Bypass is a four-lane expressway that partly encircles Denpasar. Bali has no railway lines.
In December 2010 the Government of Indonesia invited investors to build a new Tanah Ampo Cruise Terminal at Karangasem, Bali with a projected worth of $30 million. On 17 July 2011 the first cruise ship (Sun Princess) anchored about 400 meters away from the wharf of Tanah Ampo harbour. The current pier is only 154 meters but will eventually be extended to 300–350 meters to accommodate international cruise ships. The harbour here is safer than the existing facility at Benoa and has a scenic backdrop of east Bali mountains and green rice fields. The tender for improvement was subject to delays, and as of July 2013 the situation remained unclear with cruise line operators complaining and even refusing to use the existing facility at Tanah Ampo.
A Memorandum of Understanding has been signed by two ministers, Bali's Governor and Indonesian Train Company to build 565 kilometres of railway along the coast around the island. As of July 2015, no details of this proposed railways have been released.
On 16 March 2011 (Tanjung) Benoa port received the "Best Port Welcome 2010" award from London's "Dream World Cruise Destination" magazine. Government plans to expand the role of Benoa port as export-import port to boost Bali's trade and industry sector. The Tourism and Creative Economy Ministry has confirmed that 306 cruise liners are heading for Indonesia in 2013 – an increase of 43 percent compared to the previous year.
In May 2011, an integrated Areal Traffic Control System (ATCS) was implemented to reduce traffic jams at four crossing points: Ngurah Rai statue, Dewa Ruci Kuta crossing, Jimbaran crossing and Sanur crossing. ATCS is an integrated system connecting all traffic lights, CCTVs and other traffic signals with a monitoring office at the police headquarters. It has successfully been implemented in other ASEAN countries and will be implemented at other crossings in Bali.
On 21 December 2011 construction started on the Nusa Dua-Benoa-Ngurah Rai International Airport toll road which will also provide a special lane for motorcycles. This has been done by seven state-owned enterprises led by PT Jasa Marga with 60% of shares. PT Jasa Marga Bali Tol will construct the 9.91 kilometres toll road (totally 12.7 kilometres with access road). The construction is estimated to cost Rp.2.49 trillion ($273.9 million). The project goes through 2 kilometres of mangrove forest and through 2.3 kilometres of beach, both within 5.4 hectares area. The elevated toll road is built over the mangrove forest on 18,000 concrete pillars which occupied 2 hectares of mangroves forest. It compensated by new planting of 300,000 mangrove trees along the road. On 21 December 2011 the Dewa Ruci 450 meters underpass has also started on the busy Dewa Ruci junction near Bali Kuta Galeria with an estimated cost of Rp136 billion ($14.9 million) from the state budget. On 23 September 2013, the Bali Mandara Toll Road is opened and the Dewa Ruci Junction (Simpang Siur) underpass is opened before. Both are ease the heavy traffic congestion.
To solve chronic traffic problems, the province will also build a toll road connecting Serangan with Tohpati, a toll road connecting Kuta, Denpasar and Tohpati and a flyover connecting Kuta and Ngurah Rai Airport.
DEMOGRAPHICS
The population of Bali was 3,890,757 as of the 2010 Census; the latest estimate (for January 2014) is 4,225,384. There are an estimated 30,000 expatriates living in Bali.
ETHNIC ORIGINS
A DNA study in 2005 by Karafet et al. found that 12% of Balinese Y-chromosomes are of likely Indian origin, while 84% are of likely Austronesian origin, and 2% of likely Melanesian origin. The study does not correlate the DNA samples to the Balinese caste system.
CASTE SYSTEM
Bali has a caste system based on the Indian Hindu model, with four castes:
- Sudra (Shudra) – peasants constituting close to 93% of Bali's population.
- Wesia (Vaishyas) – the caste of merchants and administrative officials
- Ksatrias (Kshatriyas) – the kingly and warrior caste
- Brahmana (Bramhin) – holy men and priests
RELIGION
Unlike most of Muslim-majority Indonesia, about 83.5% of Bali's population adheres to Balinese Hinduism, formed as a combination of existing local beliefs and Hindu influences from mainland Southeast Asia and South Asia. Minority religions include Islam (13.3%), Christianity (1.7%), and Buddhism (0.5%). These figures do not include immigrants from other parts of Indonesia.
Balinese Hinduism is an amalgam in which gods and demigods are worshipped together with Buddhist heroes, the spirits of ancestors, indigenous agricultural deities and sacred places. Religion as it is practised in Bali is a composite belief system that embraces not only theology, philosophy, and mythology, but ancestor worship, animism and magic. It pervades nearly every aspect of traditional life. Caste is observed, though less strictly than in India. With an estimated 20,000 puras (temples) and shrines, Bali is known as the "Island of a Thousand Puras", or "Island of the Gods". This is refer to Mahabarata story that behind Bali became island of god or "pulau dewata" in Indonesian language.
Balinese Hinduism has roots in Indian Hinduism and Buddhism, and adopted the animistic traditions of the indigenous people. This influence strengthened the belief that the gods and goddesses are present in all things. Every element of nature, therefore, possesses its own power, which reflects the power of the gods. A rock, tree, dagger, or woven cloth is a potential home for spirits whose energy can be directed for good or evil. Balinese Hinduism is deeply interwoven with art and ritual. Ritualizing states of self-control are a notable feature of religious expression among the people, who for this reason have become famous for their graceful and decorous behaviour.
Apart from the majority of Balinese Hindus, there also exist Chinese immigrants whose traditions have melded with that of the locals. As a result, these Sino-Balinese not only embrace their original religion, which is a mixture of Buddhism, Christianity, Taoism and Confucianism, but also find a way to harmonise it with the local traditions. Hence, it is not uncommon to find local Sino-Balinese during the local temple's odalan. Moreover, Balinese Hindu priests are invited to perform rites alongside a Chinese priest in the event of the death of a Sino-Balinese. Nevertheless, the Sino-Balinese claim to embrace Buddhism for administrative purposes, such as their Identity Cards.
LANGUAGE
Balinese and Indonesian are the most widely spoken languages in Bali, and the vast majority of Balinese people are bilingual or trilingual. The most common spoken language around the tourist areas is Indonesian, as many people in the tourist sector are not solely Balinese, but migrants from Java, Lombok, Sumatra, and other parts of Indonesia. There are several indigenous Balinese languages, but most Balinese can also use the most widely spoken option: modern common Balinese. The usage of different Balinese languages was traditionally determined by the Balinese caste system and by clan membership, but this tradition is diminishing. Kawi and Sanskrit are also commonly used by some Hindu priests in Bali, for Hinduism literature was mostly written in Sanskrit.
English and Chinese are the next most common languages (and the primary foreign languages) of many Balinese, owing to the requirements of the tourism industry, as well as the English-speaking community and huge Chinese-Indonesian population. Other foreign languages, such as Japanese, Korean, French, Russian or German are often used in multilingual signs for foreign tourists.
CULTURE
Bali is renowned for its diverse and sophisticated art forms, such as painting, sculpture, woodcarving, handcrafts, and performing arts. Balinese cuisine is also distinctive. Balinese percussion orchestra music, known as gamelan, is highly developed and varied. Balinese performing arts often portray stories from Hindu epics such as the Ramayana but with heavy Balinese influence. Famous Balinese dances include pendet, legong, baris, topeng, barong, gong keybar, and kecak (the monkey dance). Bali boasts one of the most diverse and innovative performing arts cultures in the world, with paid performances at thousands of temple festivals, private ceremonies, or public shows.
The Hindu New Year, Nyepi, is celebrated in the spring by a day of silence. On this day everyone stays at home and tourists are encouraged to remain in their hotels. On the day before New Year, large and colourful sculptures of ogoh-ogoh monsters are paraded and finally burned in the evening to drive away evil spirits. Other festivals throughout the year are specified by the Balinese pawukon calendrical system.
Celebrations are held for many occasions such as a tooth-filing (coming-of-age ritual), cremation or odalan (temple festival). One of the most important concepts that Balinese ceremonies have in common is that of désa kala patra, which refers to how ritual performances must be appropriate in both the specific and general social context. Many of the ceremonial art forms such as wayang kulit and topeng are highly improvisatory, providing flexibility for the performer to adapt the performance to the current situation. Many celebrations call for a loud, boisterous atmosphere with lots of activity and the resulting aesthetic, ramé, is distinctively Balinese. Often two or more gamelan ensembles will be performing well within earshot, and sometimes compete with each other to be heard. Likewise, the audience members talk amongst themselves, get up and walk around, or even cheer on the performance, which adds to the many layers of activity and the liveliness typical of ramé.
Kaja and kelod are the Balinese equivalents of North and South, which refer to ones orientation between the island's largest mountain Gunung Agung (kaja), and the sea (kelod). In addition to spatial orientation, kaja and kelod have the connotation of good and evil; gods and ancestors are believed to live on the mountain whereas demons live in the sea. Buildings such as temples and residential homes are spatially oriented by having the most sacred spaces closest to the mountain and the unclean places nearest to the sea.
Most temples have an inner courtyard and an outer courtyard which are arranged with the inner courtyard furthest kaja. These spaces serve as performance venues since most Balinese rituals are accompanied by any combination of music, dance and drama. The performances that take place in the inner courtyard are classified as wali, the most sacred rituals which are offerings exclusively for the gods, while the outer courtyard is where bebali ceremonies are held, which are intended for gods and people. Lastly, performances meant solely for the entertainment of humans take place outside the walls of the temple and are called bali-balihan. This three-tiered system of classification was standardised in 1971 by a committee of Balinese officials and artists to better protect the sanctity of the oldest and most sacred Balinese rituals from being performed for a paying audience.
Tourism, Bali's chief industry, has provided the island with a foreign audience that is eager to pay for entertainment, thus creating new performance opportunities and more demand for performers. The impact of tourism is controversial since before it became integrated into the economy, the Balinese performing arts did not exist as a capitalist venture, and were not performed for entertainment outside of their respective ritual context. Since the 1930s sacred rituals such as the barong dance have been performed both in their original contexts, as well as exclusively for paying tourists. This has led to new versions of many of these performances which have developed according to the preferences of foreign audiences; some villages have a barong mask specifically for non-ritual performances as well as an older mask which is only used for sacred performances.
Balinese society continues to revolve around each family's ancestral village, to which the cycle of life and religion is closely tied. Coercive aspects of traditional society, such as customary law sanctions imposed by traditional authorities such as village councils (including "kasepekang", or shunning) have risen in importance as a consequence of the democratisation and decentralisation of Indonesia since 1998.
WIKIPEDIA
The Ambient Performance of Quiet Spaces is a site-specific exploration of experience at the border of perception and imagination. It was set in Washington DC’s McKinley Theater in the Carnegie Library and performed continually between 8pm-3am. The Carnegie Library, the first public library in Washington, was decommissioned in the late 70’s and it is now a performance and event venue.
In this work, the shared physical, public space of the library is reconfigured so that its new visitors: the audience, robotic cameras and performers are equally engaged in moments of private and public reflection. The form of the work is the active transposition of subject and object and of content and meaning between these three constituencies. This process of transposition is a reference to contemporary digital culture’s ongoing assimilation of earlier cultural forms.
Working with performer Nick Horan, we each took turns on stage, quietly reading and at times engaging with the installation. Two PTZ IP cameras were programed to scan the stage, the audience and each other, similarly pondering their environment. The resulting images were projected onto the screen behind the stage. A soundtrack composed of ambient sounds from existing public libraries, recordings of the preparation of the materials for the installation and ambient sounds from recent installations played quietly throughout the performances.
The Ambient Performance of Quiet Spaces featured an installation of various materials on the stage of the theater that included: card catalog cards, *prepared books (with tape, acetate, LEDs/electronics/code), cables, computers, projectors and IP cameras.
*prepared books included:
> James Joyce’s Ulysses containing excerpts from Emmanuel Levinas’ Totality and Infinity
> John Beecroft’s Kipling: A Selection of His Stories and Poems containing card catalog cards for books related to technology and its impact on the library system
> John B. Noss’ Man’s Religions
> Milan Kundera’s The Unbearable Lightness of Being
video/audio of the project: vimeo.com/147043745
The medical 3D models that are produced by ACRM Corp are patient-specific and are derived from CT or MRI scans (typically using DICOM image data). These models are used by physicians, orthopaedic surgeons and neurosurgeons to aid in pre-surgical planning and diagnoses for conditions ranging from spine conditions like scoliosis and kyphosis to skull-related issues like hydrocephalus and craniosynostosis. 3D brain models, hips and knees are also commonly replicated items. There is a case study store (www.Medical3Dmodels.com) where you can order physical 3D models of all of the items shown in these videos. If you are looking to get a 3D model for a specific patient, visit our corporate site (www.ACRMcorp.com) for details on how we can create a custom 3D medical model for that patient.
Specific Design Assessment
-Signs are posted at various scales
-Signs are posted at alley entrances
-Business signs are oriented towards pedestrian traffic through the alley
-Signs to public amenities, such as restrooms, are clearly marked
Relevant Land Use Code Sections
20.25A.160.D.3.e - Signage (identify circulation routes)
20.25A.160.D.4.c - Incorporate design elements of the adjacent right-of-way, such as paving, lighting, landscaping, and signage to identify the through-block pedestrian connection as a public space
20.25A.160.D.4.d - Accentuate and enhance access to the through-block pedestrian connection from the right-of-way by use of multiple points of entry that identify it as a public space
Rugby Specific Strength Training e-Book + free performance training system. via /r/strength_training t.co/tejRpd7dSS #StrengthTrai… (via Twitter twitter.com/BestProteinPow/status/694298703704768512)
I was not sure if this space had a specific name but i now know that it is known as Barnardo Square but I do not know why.
Barnardo Square, in its current form, is less than fifteen years old. It was formed as part of the development of an adjacent office building, both of which were designed by the Spanish architecture firm MBM. Back in 2007 Paul Clerkin of Archiseek described the new office block as "Robocop on Dame Street" while Frank McDonald wrote in the Irish Times that, "It may even be the most detested new addition to the city." My own opinion is that it is at best bleak and unattractive.
At one corner of the Square is Palace Street the shortest street in Dublin.
According to the City Council "Barnardo Square may get a makeover to enliven the space with tables-and-chairs and trees on one side, which would free up the centre to be used as an events space from time to time."
Ordem Informal
curadoria Bruno de Almeida
A Galeria Leme apresenta o terceiro site-specific comissionado para o projeto SITU, curado por Bruno de Almeida, dando continuidade a uma pesquisa mais ampla sobre formas de pensar e discutir a produção do espaço (urbano) através de um diálogo entre arte, arquitetura e cidade.
SITU convida o artista Venezuelano Ricardo Alcaide a conceber uma obra que resulte de uma reflexão sobre o contexto urbano entendido como ampla matriz físico-social, e que se relacione simultaneamente com o exterior do edifício da galeria e com o espaço público contíguo.
Ricardo Alcaide projeta um grande volume geométrico negro que ocupa quase a totalidade do pátio externo da galeria. A face que se apresenta para o transeunte se desenvolve em rampa desde o chão, mais próximo à calçada, se elevando até ao topo da parede ao fundo do pátio e chegando a seis metros de altura. O volume disseca diagonalmente as fachadas da galeria, anulando o espaço externo e bloqueando quase inteiramente as duas entradas para o edifício. Para a construção deste elemento monumental o artista usa uma madeira vulgarmente utilizada na construção civil como estrutura para moldes de concreto in loco, o mesmo processo de construção das paredes da galeria.
Devido à obstrução do acesso habitual ao edifício, Alcaide desloca a entrada para a fachada oposta, utilizando uma porta que se encontra habitualmente fechada. Este novo acesso faz referência à entrada original do primeiro projeto da galeria, do arquiteto Paulo Mendes da Rocha, construída em 2004 e depois demolida em 2011 para dar lugar à sua réplica, a estrutura que existe hoje. Com a realocação e a reorientação do edifício, o projeto inicial foi readaptado e consequentemente a inversão da entrada foi incorporada.
Através da ocupação e quase inutilização de um espaço (semi)público e da consequente adaptação do percurso de entrada, Ricardo Alcaide induz a um reexame da relação física do visitante com o edifício e subverte o funcionamento normal da instituição. Criando uma circunstância espacial que se localiza no limiar entre conflito e uma espécie de institucionalização da provisoriedade, o artista tira partido da fricção entre rigidez e improviso institucional que está frequentemente presente na nossa experiência da cidade, se materializando comumente no encontro entre a arquitetura “oficial" e as construções improvisadas que cumulativamente se acoplam a esta e são resultados de pactos territoriais paralelos à própria ordem jurídico-normativa oficial.
Mais informações: www.projetositu.wordpress.com
//////
Informal Order
curated by Bruno de Almeida
Galeria Leme presents the third site-specific commissioned for SITU, curated by Bruno de Almeida, giving continuity to a broader research on ways of thinking and discussing the production of (urban) space through a dialogue between art, architecture and city.
SITU invites Venezuelan artist Ricardo Alcaide to devise a work that results from a reflection on the urban context understood as a broad physical-social matrix, and that simultaneously relates to the exterior of the gallery’s building and to the adjacent public space.
Ricardo Alcaide designs a large black geometric volume that occupies almost the entire outdoor patio of the gallery. The face that presents itself to the passersby develops in ramp from the ground, closer to the sidewalk, rising up to six meters until the top of the wall at the back of the courtyard. The volume diagonally dissects the gallery facades, nullifying the external space and almost entirely blocking the two entrances to the building. For the construction of this monumental element the artist uses a wood that is commonly used in construction as a framework for molds of in situ concrete, the same construction process of the gallery’s walls.
Due to the obstruction of the normal access into the building, Alcaide displaces the entry to the opposite facade, using a door which is customarily closed. This new access refers to the original entry of the gallery’s first project, from architect Paulo Mendes da Rocha, built in 2004 and then demolished in 2011 to make way for its replica, the structure that exists today. With the relocation and reorientation of the building the initial project was readapted and consequently the reversal of the entrance was incorporated.
Through the occupation and almost obliteration of a (semi)public space and the subsequent adaptation of the entrance route, Ricardo Alcaide induces a reexamination of the visitor's physical relationship with the building and subverts the normal functioning of the institution. Creating a spatial condition that is located on the threshold of conflict and an “institutionalization” of provisionality, the artist takes advantage of the friction between rigidity and institutional improvisation that is often present in our experience of the city, commonly materializing itself in the clash between the “official” architecture and the makeshift constructions that are cumulatively coupled to it, being the result of territorial pacts that are parallel to the official legal-normative order.
More info: www.projetositu.wordpress.com
///
Foto / Photo: Filipe Berndt
Construção e Produção / Construction and Production: Marton Estúdio
A text, in english, from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
Ocellaris clownfish
The Ocellaris Clownfish, Clownfish or False Percula Clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) is a popular aquarium fish. It is very closely related to A. percula, the Orange Clownfish or "True Percula Clownfish", and often lives in association with the sea anemone Heteractis magnifica, using them for shelter and protection. Generally, Ocellaris clownfish are hardier, and slightly less aggressive than its Percula counterpart. Both species are found in coral reefs of the Indo-Pacific, particularly in the Fiji and Tonga regions.
This clown anemonefish can be recognised by its orange colour with three white bars and black markings on the fins. It grows to about eight centimeters (three inches) in length. One can differentiate between Percula (true) and Ocellaris (false) by their respective colors and patterns. Ocellaris are usually less vibrantly colored, and have 11 dorsal fin-spines instead of 10, as on the Percula. Also, the species have different eye arrangements: Percula have bright orange irises, making their eyes appear smaller, whereas Ocellaris have grey/orange irises which make the species eyes appear bigger.
There is a rare melanistic variety hailing from the reefs around Darwin, Australia, that is a darker colour with the normal white stripes. Although not common in the wild, they are becoming more and more popular in the aquarium hobby.
Phylogeny:
The species Amphiprion ocellaris are related to the class Osteichthyes which contains bony fish and ray-finned fish. A. ocellaris is the most basal species in the genus Amphiprion which is closely related to the genera Premnas. The species' most closely related ancestor is Amphiprion percula, the Orange Clownfish. It is thought that A. ocellaris specialized after diverging from the Premnas genus, and scientific evidence confirms that all clownfish belonging to the genus Amphiprion could withstand the stings of only one type of anemone, after further diverging the 28 different species of clownfish including A. ocellaris specialized to be able to resist the poisonous stings of many different species.
Analogous structures:
Clownfish have many structures which are analogous with other species, the distinctive stripes found on the clownfish can be seen in few animals. Lampropeltis triangulum elapsoidesor otherwise known as the Scarlet King Snake has a well-defined pattern of red, black and yellow bands. These two structures both have characterises that are similar in use, the bands of each species help warn off predators if the animal is in danger. These bands also help camouflage both organisms in each of their different environments. The bright orange base striped with white found on the clownfish allows it to be undetected in its surroundings of fluorescent corals and anemones.
Homologous structures:
All fish have a mucus membrane surrounding their scales. The mucus usually contains high amounts of lipids and glycoproteins; however, the family Pomacentridae (anemone fish) have a special adaptation where the mucus coating the species is a great deal thicker. Also the protective layer lacks a specific substance that triggers nematocysts (the stings of an anemone); this allows the fish immunity against the toxic stings. Little is known about the mucus except that it is a genetically inherited trait and passed through the generations of each species. In other families of fish, the mucus is used as protection against harmful bacteria, an osmotic regulator and also aids the fish in nest making. The difference in mucuses has led to the divergent path of anemone fish and other species.
Clownfish are initially male; the largest fish in a group becomes female.
Popular culture:
he 2003 Disney/Pixar film, Finding Nemo featured the clown fish duo, Nemo (voiced by Alexander Gould) a juvenile clownfish, the title character/Marlin's son, and Marlin (voiced by Albert Brooks) as Nemo's overprotective father.
Um texto, em português, da Wikipédia, a Enciclopédia livre:
Peixe-palhaço
Peixe-palhaço, ou peixe-das-anêmonas é o nome vulgar das espécies da subfamília Amphiprioninae na família Pomacentridae. Existem cerca de 27 espécies, uma das quais pertence ao gênero Premnas, pertencendo os outros ao gênero tipo Amphiprion. Deve o seu nome à forma desalinhada como nada.
As espécies assim designadas são nativas de uma vasta região compreendida em águas tépidas do Pacífico, coexistindo algumas espécies em algumas dessas regiões. São famosos devido à relação ecológica de protocooperação que estabelecem com as anêmonas-do-mar ou, em alguns casos, com corais. As anêmonas providenciam-lhes abrigo, apesar dos tentáculos urticantes a que são imunes, devido à camada de muco que os reveste. O peixe-palhaço esconde-se dos predadores nas anêmonas. Na base das mesmas, botam seus ovos, assegurando a proteção de sua prole. Em retorno, os restos do alimento do peixe-palhaço são utilizados pela anêmona. Uma associação que beneficia os dois parceiros.
Em geral, em cada anémona existe um "harém" que consiste em uma fêmea grande, um macho menor e outros machos não reprodutivos ainda menores. No caso de a fêmea ser removida, o macho reprodutor muda de sexo, num processo dito protandria, e o maior dos machos não reprodutivos torna-se reprodutivo.
Nemo, o protagonista do filme Finding Nemo (Procurando Nemo) é um peixe-palhaço.
Peixe fotografado na loja "Brasília Aquários", especializada em aquários de alta tecnologia, localizada no Fashion Mall, na 502 sul Térreo www.brasiliaaquario.com.br
The medical 3D models that are produced by ACRM Corp are patient-specific and are derived from CT or MRI scans (typically using DICOM image data). These models are used by physicians, orthopaedic surgeons and neurosurgeons to aid in pre-surgical planning and diagnoses for conditions ranging from spine conditions like scoliosis and kyphosis to skull-related issues like hydrocephalus and craniosynostosis. 3D brain models, hips and knees are also commonly replicated items. There is a case study store (www.Medical3Dmodels.com) where you can order physical 3D models of all of the items shown in these videos. If you are looking to get a 3D model for a specific patient, visit our corporate site (www.ACRMcorp.com) for details on how we can create a custom 3D medical model for that patient.
SPECIFIC is an Innovation and Knowledge Centre. It aims to develop coated glass and steel products that capture, store and release solar energy, turning buildings into power stations. The centre brings together world class academic and industrial expertise in the fields of photovoltaics, solar thermal, batteries, chemical conversion and wide area lighting, alongside unique sheet and coil printing and coating facilities.
Specific to Santa Fe - Emergency!
3 fingers up. Requires Immediate Attention.
Check out the brand new Occupy Santa Fe pool, a group with very practical discussion threads:
(more pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of the side!)
Photo: Vienna City Park plan - Flower - Lake
City Park Plan - Flower - Lake Ltd. © Vienna - specific
The Viennese City Park stretches from the park ring in the first district of Vienna up to the Haymarket in the third district of Vienna and is a of both tourists and local citizens well-visited park in Vienna. Its area is 65,000 m².
History
Yet in the Biedermeier the Water Glacis was a popular entertainment venue before the Karolinenstadttor (city gate). As part of the by the demolition of the city wall happened remodeling in the Ringstrasse, the project of a public park has been promoted on that site by the then Mayor of Vienna, Andreas Zelinka. This park was designed in the style of English gardens by the landscape painter Josef Selleny, the plannings were carried out by the city gardener Rudolf Siebeck. On 21th August 1862 the city park was opened as the first public park in Vienna.
Vienna River flows through the city park
The Wien River flows through the city park, Vienna © concrete
"Wien" (Vienna River) in the city park
On the right bank of the river Wien (Wienfluss) was 1863 the so-called children's park, today mainly characterized by paved playgrounds and sports facilities, which over the Karoline bridge (Karolinenbrücke) (since 1918 Stadtparkbrücke), built in 1857, with the on the left bank situated town park is connected.
In the years 1903-1907 was in the parking area after the regulation a by Friedrich Ohmann and Josef Hackhofer planned Vienna river engineering structure with the river gate, pavilions and river banks built, which is one of the sights in the park.
In earlier times visitors of the park for the stay in placed chairs had to pay fees that were collected by the chair women (the so-called Sesselweiber).
Attractions in the park
Kursalon
The Kursalon
The water Glacis was a spa pavilion in which healing waters for drinking cures were served. To that affect, in the years 1865 to 1867 for the city park also the Kursalon was built according to plans of Johann Garben. This historicist imposing home in the style of the Italian Renaissanceg is located at the John street (Johannesgasse) and has a large terrace in the park:
After the opening on 8th May 1867 were originally forbidden pleasures. As this concept was not adopted, yet on 15th October in 1868 was taking place the first concert of Johann Strauss (son) whereupon became the Kursalon a popular dance and concert venue in particular at the time of the Strauss brothers. Today, the Kursalon after a renovation phase is again venue for balls, concerts, clubbings and conferences and houses a café-restaurant.
Photo: Johann Strauss monument in the city park; © RM
Monuments
With the gilded bronze statue of Johann Strauss (son) stands in the city park one of the best known and most frequently photographed monuments in Vienna. It was on 26th June 1921 unveiled and is framed of a marble relief by Edmund Hellmer. The gilding was removed in 1935 and in 1991 applied again. Other monuments there are, for example, of Franz Schubert, Franz Lehar and Robert Stolz and Hans Makart, the City Park is in monuments and sculptures the richest park in Vienna.
The dairy (Meierei)
The former milk bar was built as part of the Wienflußverbauung (Vienna river engineering structure) according to plans by Friedrich Ohmann and Josef Hackhofer from 1901 until 1903. After suffering heavy damages during the Second World War the building was extended in the reconstruction. Today is in the dairy after another annex a restaurant.
Planting
The planting of the city park is characterized by a great diversity of species and is, as possible, focused on a year-round flowering. Through an avenue to the ring road noise and exhaust gases are filtered. Some trees are protected, such as a ginkgo, a crown of thorns (Honeylocust, Christusdorn), cottonwood tree and Caucasian wingnut.
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SPECIFIC is an Innovation and Knowledge Centre. It aims to develop coated glass and steel products that capture, store and release solar energy, turning buildings into power stations. The centre brings together world class academic and industrial expertise in the fields of photovoltaics, solar thermal, batteries, chemical conversion and wide area lighting, alongside unique sheet and coil printing and coating facilities.
Specific Design Assessment
-Signs are posted at various scales
-Signs are posted at alley entrances
-Business signs are oriented towards pedestrian traffic through the alley
-Signs to public amenities, such as restrooms, are clearly marked
Relevant Land Use Code Sections
20.25A.160.D.3.e - Signage (identify circulation routes)
20.25A.160.D.4.c - Incorporate design elements of the adjacent right-of-way, such as paving, lighting, landscaping, and signage to identify the through-block pedestrian connection as a public space
20.25A.160.D.4.d - Accentuate and enhance access to the through-block pedestrian connection from the right-of-way by use of multiple points of entry that identify it as a public space
The medical 3D models that are produced by ACRM Corp are patient-specific and are derived from CT or MRI scans (typically using DICOM image data). These models are used by physicians, orthopaedic surgeons and neurosurgeons to aid in pre-surgical planning and diagnoses for conditions ranging from spine conditions like scoliosis and kyphosis to skull-related issues like hydrocephalus and craniosynostosis. 3D brain models, hips and knees are also commonly replicated items. There is a case study store (www.Medical3Dmodels.com) where you can order physical 3D models of all of the items shown in these videos. If you are looking to get a 3D model for a specific patient, visit our corporate site (www.ACRMcorp.com) for details on how we can create a custom 3D medical model for that patient.
The Final Day of Racing At Brands Hatch for The Superprix Weekend and After a Really Busy and Scattered Set Of Races The Previous day it was time to see which of the Drivers could Brave the Circuit One Last Time and Take Home Either a Championship Win or a Victory in their Specific Race.
Lets Get Straight to the Results.
Classic Formula Ford/Historic Formula 3 (Race 2 Result)
Classic Formula Ford and Historic Formula 3 Were up First and it was Time to see who could be The one to take the Checkered Flag First when they crossed the Line.
In First Place was (Cameron Jackson) in his Winkelmann WDF2 with a Lap Time of 1:39.257 and a Top Speed of 86.59mph. A Fantastic Victory Cameron Showing Incredible Car Control and Commitment to Win the Race.
In Second Place was (Ben Tinkler) in his Van Diemen RF80 with a Lap Time of 1:39.986 and a Top Speed of 85.77mph. A Really Great Drive from Ben to stay so close to Cameron and Keep Him on his toes the entire Time while Fighting for the Lead of the Race.
In Third Place was (Jordan Harrison) in his Lola T540E with a Lap Time of 1:39.994 and a Top Speed of 85.54mph. A Really Wonderfully Deserved Third Place for Jordan Pushing that Lola for everything it Has got to gain Third Place. Well Done.
Three Fantastically Fast Drivers all with Incredible Speed and Talent Showcasing The Best of what they Bring to Brands Hatch Every Year. An Amazing Last Race to Witness. Congratulations to The Race Winner and Keep Trying Hard Everyone Else.
HGPCA Pre 66 Grand Prix Cars (Race 20)
Next It was The Historic Grand Prix Cars and with a Massive Turn out for them it looks like Another Cracking Race to see from Start till Finish. Lets see who came out on Top.
In First Place was (Sam Wilson) in his Lotus 18 with a Lap Time of 1:39.384 and a Top Speed of 86.55mph. Amazing Work Sam Showing Colin Chapman How it Should be Done. He would have been Proud to Witness that Victory.
In Second Place was (Peter Horsman) in his Lotus 18/21 with a Lap Time of 1:41.296 and A Top Speed of 84.90mph. A Fantastic Drive by Peter to take Second Place in the Race.
In Third Place was (Miles Griffiths) in his Scarab Offenhauser with A Lap Time of 1:41.501 and A Top Speed of 84.38mph A Really Good Job there Miles Almost Matching Lap Times with Peter and Showing Some Incredible Car Control during The Race.
Another Fantastic Race for The Historic Grand Prix Cars and a Huge Congratulations to Sam for Taking Victory in the Last Race. Avery Well Done to Both Peter and Miles as well.
HSCC 70's Road Sports (Race 19)
Historic Road Sports took to the Track next and with some Legendary Cars from the Likes of Lotus Morgan and TVR it was Time to see who Had Stormed to Victory in the Last Race and Taken the Victory.
In First Place was (William Plant) in his Morgan Plus 8 with A Lap Time of 1:45.768 and A Top Speed of 70.67mph. Congratulations William on the Victory it was so Good to See a Morgan Take First Place while Watching this Exciting Race. An Amazing Drive.
In Second Place was (Jim Dean) in his Lotus Europa with A Lap Time of 1:46.411 and A Top Speed of 70.66mph. Another Incredible Drive from Jim to Take Second Place. Well Done
In Third Place was (Richard Plant) in his Morgan Plus 8 with A Lap Time of 1:47.697 and a Top Speed of 70.31mph. A Very Committed Drive from Richard and a Fantastic Third Place Finish that I'm sure the Whole Family will be Proud of.
Fantastic Racing from the 70's Road Sports to Finish the Days Racing for them Congratulations to William, Jim and Richard. Hope to see you Three Battling it out Again Soon.
Aurora Trophy With Geoff Lees Trophy
The Arora Trophy Roared onto the Grand Prix Circuit Next with Powerful V8 Engines thease Racing Cars could make the Ground Shake as they Thunder their way around the Race Track. Lets see who Managed to take that All Important Victory for their Final Race.
In First Place was (Martin Stretton) in his March 712 with a Lap Time of 1:25.976 and A Top Speed of 101mph. A Very Brave and Committed drive from Martin to Take Victory, Really Pushing the March to its Limits and hanging onto the Lead thought the Race.
In Second Place was (Mathew Wrigley) in his March 782 with a Lap Time of 1:25.127 and A Top Speed of 100.96mph. Another Incredible Driver Taking his Machinery to New heights and Keeping the March Name Alive in Historic Racing. Amazing Work Mathew.
In Third Place was (Samuel Harrison) in his Dallara 389 with A Lap Time of 1:29.552 and A Top Speed of 95.04mph. Amazing work Sam showing Insane Car Control even when Racing so Fast and for such A Long Time. Congratulations.
Another Amazing Race to Keep the Day going and showing the Amazing work that Each Team Does to ensure that their Driver and His Car are Ready to go. Well Done to all of the Teams and to the First Second and Third Place Winners as well. Looking Forward To seeing more Action this Year from the Aurora Trophy.
Guards Trophy (Race 21)
Next Up Guards Trophy with Another Range of Racing Machines from the Likes of Brabham Chevron and Lotus Lets see what will Happen and Who will be able to Drive their way to Victory in This Race.
In First Place was (Andy Newall) in his Chevron B6 with A Lap Time of 1:38.258 and A Top Speed of 83.84mph. Very Well Driven and Raced by Andy Showcasing the Power of the Chevron and taking it too its Limits in terms of Raw Speed and Performance.
In Second Place was the Duo of (Jackson S and Jackson C) in their Lenham P70 with A Lap Time of 1:38.008 and A Top Speed of 83.45mph. Fantastic Work to The Two Jacks who Really showed what Working Together Can Achieve during A Race. Well Done
In Third Place was the Duo of (Mitchell W and Mitchell B) in their Chevron B8 with A Lap Time of 1:38.368 and A Top Speed of 82.49mph. Another Amazing Duo who Have Taken Third Place and Kept the Fight Alive in their Respective Championship. Amazing work.
A Fantastic Race for the Guards Trophy Showing the Power of Each Race Car and what they Are Capable of When put into The Hands of the Right Drivers. Congratulations to Andy Mitchell W and Mitchell B as well as Jackson S and Jackson C for putting on One Hell of a Race. Keep up the Good Work Everyone Else and Never Stop Fighting for your Own Victories.
Historic Formula Ford (Race 16)
Next Up was Historic Formula Ford and some very Twitchy and Tricky Cars to be Driven Round the Circuit at Hight Speed. With Light Weight Chassis and Small Cockpits this was going to be a Very Exciting Race to Watch. Lets see who Came out Best of the Rest.
In First Place was (Cameron Jackson) in his Winkelmann WDF2 with A Lap Time of 1:38.596 and A Top Speed of 87.95mph. Another Incredible Drive From Cameron to Take Victory and show what A Truly Committed and Self Determined Driver is. He is an Inspiration to All Up Coming Formula Ford Racers.
In Second Place was (Tom Macarthur) in his Titan MK3 with A Lap Time of 1:38.484 and A Top Speed of 87.94mph. Another Really Brave and Heroic Driver Pushing His Formula Ford to its Limits and Keeping his Eye's on the Race Track. Amazing Work Tom.
In Third Place was (Horatio Fitzsimon) in his Merlin MK20A with A Lap Time of 1:38.513 And A Top Speed of 87.90mph. Very Well Done Horatio Fantastic Driving and A Well Deserved Third Place.
An Amazing Final Heat Race for the Formula Fords with Everyone Pushing As Hard as they Could for Victory. Keep Working Hard Everyone and Congratulations to Cameron Tom and Horatio.
Historic Road Sports (Race 17)
Historic Road Sports Next and it was Time to see what Each Driver could do in their Respective Race Car. Lets see how things Stacked up and who Came out on Top in the Race.
In First Place was (Kevin Kivlochan) in his AC Cobra with a Lap Time of 1:46.891 and A Top Speed of 72.19mph. What A Drive From Kevin to Take Victory Keeping that Cobra Far Ahead of the Rest of the Pack and Taking A Dominant Victory. Carol Shelby would have Loved to See That.
In Second Place was (John Davidson) in his Lotus Elan S1 with A Lap Time of 1:46.052 And A Top Speed of 72.16mph. Amazing Work John Keeping that Lotus on the Tarmac and Putting on One Hell of a Race for Everyone. Amazing Job.
In Third Place was (Rupert Ashdown) in his Lotus Elan S1 with A Lap Time of 1:47.481and A Top Speed of 71.61mph. Another Incredible Drive by Rupert Taking Third Place Very Well Deserved.
Historic Road Sports putting on Another Superb Race for the Season and Congratulations to Kevin John and Rupert on their Victories. Hope to see More of that This Year and Good Luck to Everyone Else Racing too.
Historic Touring Cars (Race 22)
The Final Race of The Day was Here and The Historic Touring Car Club did not Disappoint with Lotus Cortina's Mini Cooper S's and Ford Mustangs This was going to be a Final Battle of Titans. Lets See Who Managed to Take that Last Checkered Flag of the Day.
In First Place was (Steve Soper) in his Ford Mustang with A Lap Time of 1.47.084 and A Top Speed of 71.51mph. Awesome Drive Steve Fantastic to see that He Still has it in him After all The Years of Racing.
In Second Place was (Rob Fen) in his Ford Mustang with A Lap Time of 1:49.031 and A Top Speed of 70.93mph. Amazing Work Rob Pushing that Mustang Far and Wide to Hang onto that Second Place. Excellent Drive.
In Third Place was (Mark Martin in his Ford Lotus Cortina with A Lap Time of 1:49.905 and A Top Speed of 70.70mph. Very Well Done Mark Great Driving and Even a Wheel in the Air on Some Occasions Heading onto the Grand Prix Loop. What A Sight that Was to See.
And With that The Days Events came to an End for another year of Superprix Racing at Brands Hatch Amazing work to all of the Organisers and Race Drivers who took Part and Congratulations once again to all of the Race Winners. Keep Fighting Keep Wining and I'm Sure we will do it All Again Next Year.
Actors (from left): Laura Caparrotti, Fracesco Meola, Emilia Brandi, Ernesto Orrico, Rita De Donato
Photographer: Angelo Maggio
Onions - In Pasto Al Mare was a site-specific play I directed for the Caparrotti beach, Pizzo, Calabria, Italy at the CaLABria, theatre lab Aug-Sep, 2014. In October the piece preformed at the Quarticciolo theatre in Rome.
SPECIFIC:
GENERAL: Deadbolt performs at PJ's Lager House. Photographed Sat., Oct. 16, 2010
(Donna Terek )
This tree is a symbol of the friendship between the Japanese Gilu and the Viennese district of Meidling.
City Park
(more pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of the side!)
Photo: Vienna City Park plan - Flower - Lake
City Park Plan - Flower - Lake Ltd. © Vienna - specific
The Viennese City Park stretches from the park ring in the first district of Vienna up to the Haymarket in the third district of Vienna and is a of both tourists and local citizens well-visited park in Vienna. Its area is 65,000 m².
History
Yet in the Biedermeier the Water Glacis was a popular entertainment venue before the Karolinenstadttor (city gate). As part of the by the demolition of the city wall happened remodeling in the Ringstrasse, the project of a public park has been promoted on that site by the then Mayor of Vienna, Andreas Zelinka. This park was designed in the style of English gardens by the landscape painter Josef Selleny, the plannings were carried out by the city gardener Rudolf Siebeck. On 21th August 1862 the city park was opened as the first public park in Vienna.
Vienna River flows through the city park
The Wien River flows through the city park, Vienna © concrete
"Wien" (Vienna River) in the city park
On the right bank of the river Wien (Wienfluss) was 1863 the so-called children's park, today mainly characterized by paved playgrounds and sports facilities, which over the Karoline bridge (Karolinenbrücke) (since 1918 Stadtparkbrücke), built in 1857, with the on the left bank situated town park is connected.
In the years 1903-1907 was in the parking area after the regulation a by Friedrich Ohmann and Josef Hackhofer planned Vienna river engineering structure with the river gate, pavilions and river banks built, which is one of the sights in the park.
In earlier times visitors of the park for the stay in placed chairs had to pay fees that were collected by the chair women (the so-called Sesselweiber).
Attractions in the park
Kursalon
The Kursalon
The water Glacis was a spa pavilion in which healing waters for drinking cures were served. To that affect, in the years 1865 to 1867 for the city park also the Kursalon was built according to plans of Johann Garben. This historicist imposing home in the style of the Italian Renaissanceg is located at the John street (Johannesgasse) and has a large terrace in the park:
After the opening on 8th May 1867 were originally forbidden pleasures. As this concept was not adopted, yet on 15th October in 1868 was taking place the first concert of Johann Strauss (son) whereupon became the Kursalon a popular dance and concert venue in particular at the time of the Strauss brothers. Today, the Kursalon after a renovation phase is again venue for balls, concerts, clubbings and conferences and houses a café-restaurant.
Photo: Johann Strauss monument in the city park; © RM
Monuments
With the gilded bronze statue of Johann Strauss (son) stands in the city park one of the best known and most frequently photographed monuments in Vienna. It was on 26th June 1921 unveiled and is framed of a marble relief by Edmund Hellmer. The gilding was removed in 1935 and in 1991 applied again. Other monuments there are, for example, of Franz Schubert, Franz Lehar and Robert Stolz and Hans Makart, the City Park is in monuments and sculptures the richest park in Vienna.
The dairy (Meierei)
The former milk bar was built as part of the Wienflußverbauung (Vienna river engineering structure) according to plans by Friedrich Ohmann and Josef Hackhofer from 1901 until 1903. After suffering heavy damages during the Second World War the building was extended in the reconstruction. Today is in the dairy after another annex a restaurant.
Planting
The planting of the city park is characterized by a great diversity of species and is, as possible, focused on a year-round flowering. Through an avenue to the ring road noise and exhaust gases are filtered. Some trees are protected, such as a ginkgo, a crown of thorns (Honeylocust, Christusdorn), cottonwood tree and Caucasian wingnut.
(more pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of the side!)
Photo: Vienna City Park plan - Flower - Lake
City Park Plan - Flower - Lake Ltd. © Vienna - specific
The Viennese City Park stretches from the park ring in the first district of Vienna up to the Haymarket in the third district of Vienna and is a of both tourists and local citizens well-visited park in Vienna. Its area is 65,000 m².
History
Yet in the Biedermeier the Water Glacis was a popular entertainment venue before the Karolinenstadttor (city gate). As part of the by the demolition of the city wall happened remodeling in the Ringstrasse, the project of a public park has been promoted on that site by the then Mayor of Vienna, Andreas Zelinka. This park was designed in the style of English gardens by the landscape painter Josef Selleny, the plannings were carried out by the city gardener Rudolf Siebeck. On 21th August 1862 the city park was opened as the first public park in Vienna.
Vienna River flows through the city park
The Wien River flows through the city park, Vienna © concrete
"Wien" (Vienna River) in the city park
On the right bank of the river Wien (Wienfluss) was 1863 the so-called children's park, today mainly characterized by paved playgrounds and sports facilities, which over the Karoline bridge (Karolinenbrücke) (since 1918 Stadtparkbrücke), built in 1857, with the on the left bank situated town park is connected.
In the years 1903-1907 was in the parking area after the regulation a by Friedrich Ohmann and Josef Hackhofer planned Vienna river engineering structure with the river gate, pavilions and river banks built, which is one of the sights in the park.
In earlier times visitors of the park for the stay in placed chairs had to pay fees that were collected by the chair women (the so-called Sesselweiber).
Attractions in the park
Kursalon
The Kursalon
The water Glacis was a spa pavilion in which healing waters for drinking cures were served. To that affect, in the years 1865 to 1867 for the city park also the Kursalon was built according to plans of Johann Garben. This historicist imposing home in the style of the Italian Renaissanceg is located at the John street (Johannesgasse) and has a large terrace in the park:
After the opening on 8th May 1867 were originally forbidden pleasures. As this concept was not adopted, yet on 15th October in 1868 was taking place the first concert of Johann Strauss (son) whereupon became the Kursalon a popular dance and concert venue in particular at the time of the Strauss brothers. Today, the Kursalon after a renovation phase is again venue for balls, concerts, clubbings and conferences and houses a café-restaurant.
Photo: Johann Strauss monument in the city park; © RM
Monuments
With the gilded bronze statue of Johann Strauss (son) stands in the city park one of the best known and most frequently photographed monuments in Vienna. It was on 26th June 1921 unveiled and is framed of a marble relief by Edmund Hellmer. The gilding was removed in 1935 and in 1991 applied again. Other monuments there are, for example, of Franz Schubert, Franz Lehar and Robert Stolz and Hans Makart, the City Park is in monuments and sculptures the richest park in Vienna.
The dairy (Meierei)
The former milk bar was built as part of the Wienflußverbauung (Vienna river engineering structure) according to plans by Friedrich Ohmann and Josef Hackhofer from 1901 until 1903. After suffering heavy damages during the Second World War the building was extended in the reconstruction. Today is in the dairy after another annex a restaurant.
Planting
The planting of the city park is characterized by a great diversity of species and is, as possible, focused on a year-round flowering. Through an avenue to the ring road noise and exhaust gases are filtered. Some trees are protected, such as a ginkgo, a crown of thorns (Honeylocust, Christusdorn), cottonwood tree and Caucasian wingnut.
@algonquinoutfit : RT @hvhsa: Great start to a frosty morning! It's the last night for night skiing over the holiday break.… t.co/eXGqxeKNV3 (via Twitter twitter.com/algonquinoutfit/status/817776282285068289)
These specific pictures cover the entire pathway around Pirates' Cove in Blue Bayou Water Park in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Max LOVES this area of the water park!
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