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There were several types of mammoth, all members of the elephant family. Most widespread was the Woolly Mammoths, which ranged across all northern continents and grew a very long, thick, hairy coat to keep out the bitter cold of the recent Ice Ages.
The woolly mammoth was roughly the same size as modern African elephant. Males reached shoulder heights between 2.7 and 3.4 m (9 and 11 ft) and weighed up to 6 tonnes (6.6 short tons). Females averaged 2.6–2.9 metres (8.5–9.5 ft) in height and weighed up to 4 tonnes (4.4 short tons). A newborn calf weighed about 90 kilograms (200 lb).
The woolly mammoth coexisted with early humans, who used its bones and tusks for making art, tools, and dwellings, and the species was also hunted for food. It disappeared from its mainland range at the end of the Pleistocene 10,000 years ago, most likely through climate change and consequent shrinkage of its habitat, hunting by humans, or a combination of the two.
The teeth of a mammoth consist of a series of plates composed of enamel surrounding a dentine core. These are held together in a matrix of dental cement.
Each tooth erupted from the back of the jaw and slowly moved forward as it wore, to be replaced by another tooth from behind. The thickness and number of tooth plates are important identification criteria.
www.london-fossils-crystals.co.uk/mammuthus-mammoth-c102x...
This is a photograph from the 17:00 - 19:00 segment of the first Edenderry Tri Club "Edenderry 5 Mile Challenge" which was held in Edenderry, Co. Offaly, Ireland on Saturday 27th September 2014 from 15:00 and continuing on until 15:00 on Sunday 28th September 2014. The event is partnered as a charity event and proceeds will go to support Edenderry Tri Club and our Charity Partners - Cystic Fibrosis Ireland, Little Wishes Edenderry and Edenderry Tidy Towns. Three members of the Edenderry Tri Club will complete the 5 mile route in relays for the continuous 24 hours. People are welcome to join in for one, two or as many loops as they wish. The loop is a 5 mile route starting and finishing in Edenderry St. Mary's Secondary School and following the famous Drumcooley 5 mile route which is well known to local runners and walkers. The route brings participants out 'the Tunnel Road' following 'The Bog Road' out to the Canal and then turning right and up the long hill of Drumcooley. After the decent the route makes its way back into the town and joins the Tullamore road and finishes back in the secondary school. Almost 400 people are expected to take part in the event with many runners using the event as an opportunity to get their final long runs completed before the Dublin marathon in October.
Coming out of the building and into the yard, the trains will move onto a 9-metre-long incline all the way to the top of a 2-metre-high fence (2.2 metres on the other side).
CO (Chaffee County)
Segment 11 Dayhike
I camped at Clear Creek Reservoir CG. For a free campground it is nice. Unfortunately for me, I setup right next to a group that was rather loud. Somehow I managed to get some sleep. The trailhead for Segment 11/12 was right near here, off of County Road 390. I was hiking by 0700.
In 2017, I had hobbled to the dirt road with a bum leg. I caught a hitch back to my car and the end of my hike for that year. Now I was continuing to the spot where I turned around yesterday and the completion of Segment 11. The trail started off with a long switchback, while overlooking Clear Creek Canyon. Some nice views.
The trail then follows some dirt roads and some powerlines. There is a historical site near Cache Creek. Evidently gold has been found in the area. Digging is not allowed here though. I didn't find any gold.
For a very short distance the trail uses Forest Service Rd 398. There is a large atv/jeep camping area here.
Upon returning to the trailhead, I noticed some 'trail magic' of 2 cans of soda behind a large rock. Trail Magic is an Appalachian Trail thing. Sometimes hikers encounter caches of things left for their use. It is usally appreciated but it can create a problem because hikers don't like to carry trash. Fortunately I did not see any leftovers strewn about. I've encountered this type of trail magic a few times on the Colorado Trail. I leave it for the next hiker.
Overall it was an easy hike. 4.9 mile hike to the turnaround point. Segment 11 was finished and was great for acclimating to the elevation. Next day to Spring Creek Pass, Segment 22, to continue hiking.
Today was to be the last day of this section hike. I still had over 15 miles of hiking to make it to Goldhill Trailhead, and then to Breckenridge where my car was parked at the Bivvi Hostel. The morning was chilly but the sun was shining as I began to hike.
The closer I got to Breckenridge I started to notice thousands of down trees. There were criss-crossed tangled trees everywhere. It was real a blight on the landscape. Initially, I didn't know the cause. I thought maybe a new ski area was planned and the crew they sent to clear the mountain went a little overboard. Many of the trees were just on the side of the trail, but eventually someone started making what I assumed were pyres for burning. It really was shocking to see so much devastation.
As I was hiking through, I encountered some bikers who knew the cause. Evidently there has been a Mountain Pine beetle infestation. It is an epidemic which has covered over a million acres in both Colorado and Wyoming. The beetles burrow into the bark and lay eggs. As the eggs hatch, they eat the bark, thereby killing the tree. Very destructive.
I made it to Goldhill Trailhead which is still several miles from Breckenridge (Frisco is also accessible from here). Fortunately, not far away is a bus stop where I caught a free bus ride (which also goes to Frisco). It didn't go all the way to the hostel, but it was close enough. I had thought to stay at the hostel but I had not made a reservation and they were booked. (The Bivvi appears to be a very nice and clean hostel, but not just for hikers. All Breck visitors are welcome, so if you plan to stay, call ahead for a reservation.)
Overall, I was hiking for 7 days. I hiked segments 1-6 on the Colorado Trail. For anyone planning a long distance hike, these segments are a great introduction to the CT. Some difficult spots but some easy hiking as well. Awesome scenery without spending too much time above treeline. It was a great hike; I was ready for more!
CO (Gunnison County)
Day 7
Boss Lake (Collegiate West 05) to random campsite (Segment 15)
As mentioned the trail continued above treeline for miles. Saw prehistoric markers but didn't linger because it was too cold and fingers were numb. I finally made it to Monarch Ski Area. I saw a hiker named Carlos whom I met on the AT in 2015. I didn't take too many breaks because I was anxious to make it to Monarch Pass where I knew there was Monarch Crest Souvenier Shop. I had left a resupply box there for myself and I really wanted some coffee.
I made it to Monarch Pass where US 50 passes. I am not sure if the sun ever shines here. First order was coffee. My fingers were so numb that I had to ask the server to open my creamer packets for me. They have an area up front for hikers to place their packs and use some outlets to do some recharging. Coffee was very good and I warmed up quickly.
My plan was to recharge (myself and batteries) at the store and then hitch to Monarch Spur CG (which was not far away) for the night. I hung out at the store for about 3 hours and was feeling pretty good after eating and warming up. I decided to continue hiking and then go to the CG tomorrow. The trail junction was about 5 miles away and then another 3 or so to possible campsite.
The sun did make an appearance again and hiking was easy, gentle uphill. I made it to the trail junction within 2 hours but couldn't linger because storm clouds were brewing again. What followed was possibly steepest downhill yet. Dangerously steep but not too long thankfully, Bikers are allowed here. I couldn't imagine them biking up this. My knee was hurting again.
It started to thunder and lightning and then hail and rain before reaching campsite. Since I was below treeline now I used my umbrella until I found a large pine tree with a flat spot where I set up camp. While I was in the tent staying dry, a hiker wandered by, heading uphill. 17.3 miles for the day were probably too many.
My favorite segment of the Titanic Belfast Museum. An elaborate multi-media display of the Drafting/Planning offices of the shipbuilder Harland & Wolff. You entered with an old photograph of the offices as a back wall mural. As if you were rolling out plan drawings from their storage tubes, the floor kept changing under your feet displaying the myriad number of plan drawings for the Titanic. The next 10 photographs hopefully can convey how fascinating I found this exhibit.
.
This fellow, what seems to be a younger apprentice appears as the only draftsman to be curious about the photographer.
Control Knob in its place.
www.flickr.com/photos/gordon_millar/sets/72157633273690386/
Also 2nd Driver Board ready for testing.
CO (Chaffee County)
Segment 11 Dayhike
I camped at Clear Creek Reservoir CG. For a free campground it is nice. Unfortunately for me, I setup right next to a group that was rather loud. Somehow I managed to get some sleep. The trailhead for Segment 11/12 was right near here, off of County Road 390. I was hiking by 0700.
In 2017, I had hobbled to the dirt road with a bum leg. I caught a hitch back to my car and the end of my hike for that year. Now I was continuing to the spot where I turned around yesterday and the completion of Segment 11. The trail started off with a long switchback, while overlooking Clear Creek Canyon. Some nice views.
The trail then follows some dirt roads and some powerlines. There is a historical site near Cache Creek. Evidently gold has been found in the area. Digging is not allowed here though. I didn't find any gold.
For a very short distance the trail uses Forest Service Rd 398. There is a large atv/jeep camping area here.
Upon returning to the trailhead, I noticed some 'trail magic' of 2 cans of soda behind a large rock. Trail Magic is an Appalachian Trail thing. Sometimes hikers encounter caches of things left for their use. It is usally appreciated but it can create a problem because hikers don't like to carry trash. Fortunately I did not see any leftovers strewn about. I've encountered this type of trail magic a few times on the Colorado Trail. I leave it for the next hiker.
Overall it was an easy hike. 4.9 mile hike to the turnaround point. Segment 11 was finished and was great for acclimating to the elevation. Next day to Spring Creek Pass, Segment 22, to continue hiking.
CO (Chaffee/Gunnison County)
Day 1
Monarch Pass (Collegiate West 05) to Marshall Pass Road (Segment 15)
No rain yet ... but it frosted again.
Started off a bit chilly but got packed up and waited for shuttle at Spring Creek Pass trailhead. The Sportsman from Lake City was the shuttle. They arrived shortly after 8 with kids in tow. We stopped at the Outfitter to pay and then at General Store for some coffee. Never skip an opportunity for coffee! It took about 2 hours to drive to Monarch Pass.
Arrived at Monarch Pass around 1100. Monarch Crest Souvenier Shop has a hiker area with outlets for charging phones, etc. I took advantage of that and while waiting enjoyed some nachos. After a nice break, I started hiking.
The first 5 miles were on the Collegiate West Segment 05. I hiked this section last year and it was just as easy now. I took a few breaks at the same stops as last year. I'm not sure if this is technically above treeline but it is exposed. After the breakoff from CW05, Segment 15 does dip into the trees several times and passes a shelter near Green Creek Trailhead. The shelter is not very inviting as it does not have a sleeping platform (plenty of tenting opportunities though). The trail finally follows an old road down to Marshall Pass Rd.
I found a nice campsite up above the Marshall Pass Parking Area near the water source. Water may be an issue the next couple of days, so I'll have to carry extra. (Although I've already seen extra sources not listed.)
I didn't see any other backpackers but did see lots of bikers. Total miles for the day was 10.4. It was a good day especially when the sun shines.