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Plain tiger description
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumArthropoda
ClassInsecta
OrderLepidoptera
FamilyNymphalidae
GenusDanaus (1)
This beautifully bright butterfly has captivated humankind’s attention since it was first depicted in an Egyptian tomb 3,500 years ago, making it the first ever butterfly to be recorded in history. Its striking tawny-orange colouration serves as a warning to predators that this species is distasteful, which ultimately deters predators from attacking (3). Framing the startlingly orange hues is a bold black border interlaced with white specks. At first sight the sexes appear very similar, although upon closer inspection one can see the males are slightly smaller than the females. The males can also be distinguished by the presence of a black scent-producing pouch located in the lower-centre of the hind wing; on the underside of the wing it appears as a white-centred black patch. In addition, the males have a pair of brush-like organs hidden within the abdomen, which are used in reproduction (2).
Similar to the adult butterfly, the plain tiger caterpillar has extremely vivid colouration which also acts as a warning signal protecting it from bird attacks. As the caterpillar grows it attains ten horizontal black bands interspersed with paired yellow spots, as well as acquiring three pairs of long, black, tentacle-like appendages, which sometimes become a deep crimson at the base (4). The fully grown caterpillar then forms a pupa which can range from a green-brown colour in a normal environment to a pink colour if the surroundings are dry or unnatural. A horizontal band of miniscule black and golden specks decorate the abdominal segment of the pupa (5).
Also known as
African queen, Lesser wanderer.
Size
Wingspan: 6 – 8 cm
Description
Biology
Range
Habitat
Status
Threats
Conservation
Find out more
Glossary
References
Print factsheet
Plain tiger description
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumArthropoda
ClassInsecta
OrderLepidoptera
FamilyNymphalidae
GenusDanaus (1)
This beautifully bright butterfly has captivated humankind’s attention since it was first depicted in an Egyptian tomb 3,500 years ago, making it the first ever butterfly to be recorded in history. Its striking tawny-orange colouration serves as a warning to predators that this species is distasteful, which ultimately deters predators from attacking (3). Framing the startlingly orange hues is a bold black border interlaced with white specks. At first sight the sexes appear very similar, although upon closer inspection one can see the males are slightly smaller than the females. The males can also be distinguished by the presence of a black scent-producing pouch located in the lower-centre of the hind wing; on the underside of the wing it appears as a white-centred black patch. In addition, the males have a pair of brush-like organs hidden within the abdomen, which are used in reproduction (2).
Similar to the adult butterfly, the plain tiger caterpillar has extremely vivid colouration which also acts as a warning signal protecting it from bird attacks. As the caterpillar grows it attains ten horizontal black bands interspersed with paired yellow spots, as well as acquiring three pairs of long, black, tentacle-like appendages, which sometimes become a deep crimson at the base (4). The fully grown caterpillar then forms a pupa which can range from a green-brown colour in a normal environment to a pink colour if the surroundings are dry or unnatural. A horizontal band of miniscule black and golden specks decorate the abdominal segment of the pupa (5).
Also known as
African queen, Lesser wanderer.
Size
Wingspan: 6 – 8 cm (2)
More »
Related species
Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus)
Monarch butterfly
(Danaus plexippus)
Bay checkerspot (Euphydryas editha)
Bay checkerspot
(Euphydryas editha)
Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly (Boloria acrocnema)
Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly
(Boloria acrocnema)
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Plain tiger biology
The plain tiger is able to breed throughout the year, but with greater frequency during or just after the monsoon season (4) (5). The female plain tiger is incredibly careful when laying eggs, and will feel out the leaf with her abdomen to test its suitability (2) (4). The female can lay up to 12 eggs on the same plant, although the eggs are laid singly to avoid overcrowding, usually on the undersides of leaves of the preferred milkweed species, Calotropis gigantea (2) (4) (5). After about five days the caterpillars hatch and devour the egg shell before proceeding to eat the leaves they were hatched on. The caterpillars are able to feed openly throughout the day due to their bright colouration which protects them from any nearby bird or reptile predators (4).
Due to feeding on an array of milkweed species, the plain tiger caterpillar accumulates unpalatable alkaloids which induce vomiting in its predators. These toxins are passed on to the adult through the pupal stage, where metamorphosis lasts six to seven days (4). Even when attacked, the plain tiger is blessed with having an extremely tough leathery skin which makes it harder to kill, and, if caught, it will play dead and release a nauseating smell. Whilst an inexperienced predator is still likely to attack, it will learn to avoid the plain tiger once experiencing how foul tasting it is. Another interesting habit of the plain tiger is its slow meandering flight, which gives a potential predator time to recognise the species before it makes the mistake of attacking (2) (5). Remarkably, other butterflies have learnt to mimic the plain tiger’s protection mechanisms in order to escape predation; one particularly good mimic is the female danaid eggfly (Hypolimnas misippus) (2) (6).
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Plain tiger range
This butterfly has an extensive range and can be found throughout the Old World tropics, from Africa to Southeast Asia and even Australasia (1). Recently it has been discovered that there are three subspecies; Danaus chrysippus chrysippus is found in Asia and tropical Africa, Danaus chrysippus alcippus ranges from the Cape Verde Islands, across Africa to Oman, and Danaus chrysippus orientis is predominantly found in tropical Africa and the surrounding islands including Madagascar and the Seychelles (3).
Plain tiger habitat
The plain tiger inhabits open, fairly arid areas rather than the moisture drenched habitats typical of the jungles found in the Old World. Unlike other members of the Danaus genus, the plain tiger often flies in open sunlight, even at the hottest point of the day (2). Throughout its life as a caterpillar, it can be found wherever species of the milkweed family (Asclepiadoideae) grow, particularly on its favoured species, the crown flower (Calotropis gigantea) (4).
eInk diaply from sparkfun running on the launchpad board. using the eink-breakout board from sparkfun as well.
Just need to spend some time creating a full font set then I can create my own word clock.
This 7-Segment Digital Clock is controlled by PIC16F627A. More detail check out picnote.blogspot.com
CO (San Juan County)
Day 2 (Segment 25)
random campsite to random campsite
A brisk start at 43f in the morning and after tossing and turning all night I packed up at about 7:00. Fortunately it didn't take long to catch up to the sun. Nothing like feeling the warmth of the sun.
Once hiking I saw numerous campsites nearby. You can never tell where the next good site is until you wander by. Nowadays hikers use an App called FarOut for their hiking adventures. It identifies pertinent trail data to include water sources and camping locations, etc. What you don’t know, however, is where other hikers (and bikers on CT) are camped. Frequently, a camp spot might only have room for 1 or 2 tents, so when you find a decent spot, you might stop early to prevent hiking too late. Case in point, another hiker passed me up.
The hike up to Rolling Mountain Pass wasn’t bad and was mostly exposed as the trail meandered beneath Twin Sisters East and West. Some lakes and ponds and depressions where more could be were evident. Even at this elevation water was not a problem, probably because of snow melt. I stopped for a short coffee break at a spring near West Lime Creek.
At the pass was another trail intersection. It was windy, so I only lingered long enough to take some pictures and briefly enjoy the view which included the other side of the Twin Sisters.
Opening Segment: Opening Ceremony, Opening Session, High-Level Policy Statements, Handing over of WSIS Prizes and Group Photograph.
(From left to right)
Mr Houlin Zhao, Secretary-Genera and Mrs. AbeerSwaid Al-Ebri.
©ITU/P. Woods
Photo Walk Shenanigans with Chris Blackburn of Blackburn Photography. Exposure Count: 2 Exposures (Floor, Glass window into room)
Locaiton: Salt Lake City Library
Camera: Mamiya RB67
Lens: Mamiya Sekor 90mm C
format: 6x7 and 6x8
Camera scanned with a nikon p5100 on a chromega light head using a tripod as a copy stand.
Mos of what you see has been altered to suit an aparent aesthetic.
I will construct the circle a bit at a time. 1st glue the veneer to each segment with a mahogany bridge to clamp 2 at a time.
The seg's are arranged alternate face about here, so as when laid face up, all the pieces will have a veneer to the RHS.
Segment 7 begins at the Goldhill Trailhead near Breckenridge, CO. Access to Breckenridge is easy via a free bus ride. The Summit Stage bus stop is not far from the trailhead.
I was hiking toward Leadville where I had left my car at the Leadville Hostel. Ownership of the Leadville Hostel has changed since I stayed there. It was $25 for a night in the bunkroom where I somehow managed to get a few hours of sleep despite some snorers. It was a very nice hostel; I would be surprised if it wasn't still.
I took the Lake County Link (pay $5 on bus) from Leadville to Frisco Station where I picked up the Summit Stage. I was hiking by 0900 on a bright, sun shiny day. The first several miles were fairly easy although mostly exposed. Evidence of the pine beatle devastation was clearly visible once again.
It was an awesome hike. The views are spectacular. Maybe the best I've seen (to this point) even better than GA Pass. Once above treeline, it is sidehill with some extremely steep areas. There were some patches of melting snow along the way.
There were quite a few CT hikers out on this day. After hiking about 12 miles which included up and over the high point of 12,495 feet, I stopped for the night. I was just short of the end of the segment.
The Balfrin Höhenweg is a revered and epic walking route, connecting villages of Grächen and Saas Fee in Valais, Switzerland. It is seen in this photo snaking through the center of the image. Although quite comfortable, it takes a good head for heights. The stream close to the left edge freezes late in the season, as was the case this time.
The route was opened in 1954 after engineering works connected existing trails used by hunters and shepherds. It was quite a foresight in an age where mountain tourism was synonymous with building more lifts and more roads. Since then, the scars inflicted have healed and the trail now blends graciously with the landscape as it climbs and descends on a constant switchback.
"The Swan Bells Tower" houses a set of eighteen bells hanging in a specially built 82.5 metres (271 ft) high copper and glass campanile in Perth, Western Australia. Taking their name from the Swan River, which the tower overlooks, and forming a sixteen-bell peal with two extra chromatic notes, are one of the largest sets of change ringing bells in the world.
Twelve of the set are historic bells from St Martin-in-the-Fields church in Trafalgar Square in London; six others, cast in recent times by the Whitechapel Bell Foundry. The St Martin-in-the-Fields bells were donated to the State of Western Australia as part of the 1988 Australian bicentenary celebrations; the additional bells were cast with a subsequent donation of metals mined in Western Australia. The six newer bells include five which were presented to the University of Western Australia, the City of Perth and to the people of Western Australia from the City of London, the City of Westminster and a consortium of British and Australian mining companies, and one bell commissioned by the Western Australian Government (Wikipedia).
CO (Hinsdale County)
Day 6 random campsite (Segment 20) to random campsite (Segment 21)
The trail eventually drops down to 11,944 feet at San Luis Pass which is the end of Segment 20. The small town of Creede is accessible via a dirt road from here but not easily. It is about 10 miles away.
After the Pass, Segment 21 begins. The trail has a couple of good climbs and nearly reaches 13,000 feet at another saddle (12, 887'). Once again was able to enjoy hiking some 1/2 fish bowls. All of this above treeline.
The Colorado Trail is notorious for afternoon thunderstorms. Typically, it is best to not be caught above treeline for obvious reasons. Fortunately, once again the weather was fantastic with blue skies everywhere. 2 days in a row must be a record for CO.
After a convenient dinner break at Middle Mineral Creek, I began searching for a campsite. I didn't search for long and didn't have far to go to find a decent spot below treeline. 12.9 miles of awesome hiking with spectacular views today.
Asamblea General de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas: Primer segmento de la Cumbre de “Igualdad de Género y Empoderamiento de las Mujeres: un compromiso para la acción” dedicado al pronunciamiento de compromisos.
Nueva York.
27 de septiembre de 2015.
Skf Elixer India Pvt. Ltd the only company in the country that manufactures the entire range of mineral water plants purifying system. It is the ISO 9001:2008 certified company.To know more about our services kindly visit our website: skfelixer.in
Arduino controlling 2 x 7-Segment LED Displays directly without the aid of an LED driver IC. It creates a rats nest of wires.
Marty in front of a segment of graffiti >DENS - ERCOLE (RSG) - OBER - REDOS character by ERCOLE - Pisa 2007