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Orvieto Cathedral is a large 14th-century Roman Catholic cathedral dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary and situated in the town of Orvieto in Umbria, central Italy. Since 1986, the cathedral in Orvieto has been the episcopal seat of the former Diocese of Todi as well.
The building was constructed under the orders of Pope Urban IV to commemorate and provide a suitable home for the Corporal of Bolsena, the relic of miracle which is said to have occurred in 1263 in the nearby town of Bolsena, when a traveling priest who had doubts about the truth of transubstantiation found that his Host was bleeding so much that it stained the altar cloth. The cloth is now stored in the Chapel of the Corporal inside the cathedral.
Situated in a position dominating the town of Orvieto which sits perched on a volcanic plug, the cathedral's façade is a classic piece of religious construction, containing elements of design from the 14th to the 20th century, with a large rose window, golden mosaics and three huge bronze doors, while inside resides two frescoed chapels decorated by some of the best Italian painters of the period with images of Judgment Day. The cathedral has five bells, dating back to the Renaissance, tuned in E flat.
The construction of the cathedral lasted almost three centuries with the design and style evolving from Romanesque to Gothic as construction progressed. The flagstone of the cathedral was laid on 13 November 1290 by Pope Nicholas IV, and construction was entrusted to chief-mason (capomastro) Fra (Friar) Bevignate di Perugia (also called Fra Bevignate da Gubbio) using a design by Arnolfo di Cambio (the architect of the cathedral of Florence). The cathedral was initially designed as a Romanesque basilica with a nave and two side aisles. However, when Giovanni di Uguccione succeeded Fra Bevignate, the design was transformed into Italian Gothic forms.
Construction continued slowly until, in 1309, the Sienese sculptor and architect Lorenzo Maitani (universalis caput magister) was commissioned to work on the church and solve several issues concerning the load-bearing capabilities of the building, especially of the choir. He substantially changed the design and construction of the building, increasing the similarity of the building to Siena Cathedral. The architecture of both buildings sometimes is classified as a substyle of Gothic architecture: Siennese Gothic style.
Maitani strengthened the external walls with flying buttresses, which proved later to be useless. These buttresses were eventually included in the walls of the newly built transept chapels. He rebuilt the apse into a rectangular shape and added a large stained-glass quadrifore window. Starting in 1310 he created the current façade up to the level of the bronze statues of the symbols of the Evangelists. He also added much of the interior. He died in 1330, shortly before the completion of the cathedral, succeeded by his sons.
In 1347 Andrea Pisano, the former Master of the Works of the Florence Cathedral, was appointed the new Master of the Works. He was followed in 1359 by Andrea di Cione, better known as Orcagna. The mosaic decoration and the rose window are attributed to him. This once octagon-based design was replaced by Orcagna with the new 22-sided polygon. This type of geometrical base is uncommon in Gothic architecture. Due to the window's unusual shape, statistical and geometric techniques were used to achieve a symmetrical design.[2] The Sienese architect Antonio Federighi continued the decoration of the façade between 1451 and 1456, adding some Renaissance modules. In 1503 Michele Sanmicheli finished the central gable and added the right spire, which was finished by Antonio da Sangallo, Junior in 1534.
Final touches to the façade were made by Ippolito Scalza by adding the right pinnacle in 1590 and the left in 1605–1607. All in all, the succeeding architects kept a stylistic unity to the façade.
The Gothic façade of the Orvieto Cathedral is one of the great masterpieces of the Late Middle Ages. The three-gable design is attributed to Maitani, who apparently had been influenced for the façade by the Tuscan Gothic style of the Siena Cathedral by Giovanni Pisano (1287–1297) and the plan for façade of the Florence Cathedral by Arnolfo di Cambio (1294–1302).
The signature element is the golden frontage, which is decorated by large bas-reliefs and statues with the symbols (Angel, Ox, Lion, Eagle) of the Evangelists created by Maitani and collaborators (between 1325 and 1330) standing on the cornice above the sculptured panels on the piers. In 1352 Matteo di Ugolino da Bologna added the bronze Lamb of God above the central gable and the bronze statue of Saint Michael on top of the gable of the left entrance.
The bas-reliefs on the piers depict biblical stories from the Old and New Testament. These marbles from the fourteenth and fifteenth century are the collective and anonymous work of at least three or four masters with assistance of their workshops, It is assumed that Maitani must have worked on the reliefs on the first pier from the left, as work on the reliefs began before 1310. The installation of these marbles on the piers began in 1331. They depict from left to right:
stories of the Old Testament: Book of Genesis
the Tree of Jesse with scenes from the Old Testament with messianic prophesies of Redemption.
scenes from the New Testament with below Abraham sleeping: episodes from the lives of Jesus and Mary
Last Judgment: Book of Revelation
Above this decoration are glittering mosaics created between 1350 and 1390 after designs by artist Cesare Nebbia. These original pieces have been replaced and redesigned in the centuries since, particularly in 1484, 1713 and 1842. Most of these mosaic represent major scenes from the life of the Virgin Mary, from the "Nativity of Mary" in the lower right gable to the "Coronation of the Virgin Mary" in the topmost gable. One of these glassmakers is recorded as Fra Giovanni Leonardelli.
Central to the mosaics is the large rose window built by the sculptor and architect Orcagna between 1354 and 1380. In the niches above the rose window stand the twelve apostles, while in niches on both sides twelve Old Testament prophets are represented in pairs. Statues in niches are typical for French Gothic cathedrals, which may have been an influence. Eight statues have been attributed in the records to Nicola de Nuto. The spandrels around the rose window are decorated with mosaics representing the four Doctors of the Church. The frame of the rose window holds 52 carved heads, while the center of the rose window holds a carved head of the Christ.
The newest part of the decoration are the three bronze doors which give access to the entrance of the cathedral. These were finished in 1970 by the Sicilian sculptor Emilio Greco (1913–1995) depicting mercies from the life of Christ and are surmounted by a sculpture of the Madonna and Child created by Andrea Pisano in 1347.
The cathedral's side walls, in contrast to the façade, are built with alternating layers of local white travertine and blue-grey basalt stone.
UP's large orders for 1,427 SD70M's were delivered over the course of nearly 5 years, so it's no surprise there's some variation within the roster. Here's UP 5194, built at the end of 2004 and one of the last SD70M's delivered. It features a Phase II cab, the "Notched Nose" used later on SD70ACe's, and a 4-panel, flared radiator to provide improved cooling and meet Tier 1 emissions standards.
UP 5194 is seen here coming around the corner at Tower 26 in central Houston with the turn job that runs up to the northern suburb of Spring.
LHN40 25 (Local- Englewood Yard to Spring, TX and return)
UP SD70M #5194
Houston, TX
June 25th, 2025
It has been a while since I shared any new images. Due to unforeseen circumstances my opportunities to get out with the camera are more limited than ever, meaning the chances of any new landscape work is slim.
However, I am working on a nice collection of images for my street portfolio, including this one from a late night wander around Soho in London on Friday night
Odering food in Chinatown's market, Singapore. It's been a long time since I last spoke any Chinese in real person - just barely enough to order.
The lady in the picture is very nice, and beautiful too, I guess.
Taken at the 2024 Victory Show in Leicestershire www.thevictoryshow.co.uk . The Show provides Historical Societies and re-enactments through various forces from several eras and theatres during the period of 1939-45. From Airmen to Infantry, the Victory Show opens a window in time to the 1940's.
Mandatory Photo Credit: Photo By Michael Williams/mawphoto.com - The Mattel and Barbie Collector booths at the New York International Toyfair in the Jacob Javits Center in New York, NY, February 13, 2011.
For pre-orders, visit Sandi Holder at www.dollattic.com
It's early April in North Milwaukee, as the engineer on a northbound freight leans out to receive the running orders from the hoop at The Milwaukee Road's North Milwaukee tower.
North Milwaukee, WI.
April 9, 1977
Photographer unknown,
D.A.Longley collection
Hey there guys, heres my latest freebuild, the AAG headquarters. many have seen the building, its not hard to being so massive, but few have tried to find out what its for, and none have succeeded. the only people who ever enter the building are strange hooded folk or avalonian lords, not the sort of people you mess with...
Zakon: lads, you're heading west...
To be continued...
More pics up on EBs Guilds of Historica Forum!
www.eurobricks.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=82036
enjoy!
"...ove... it ...gots!" The sergeants screaming made the radio headset block out the sudden change in signal amplitude. No questioning what he wanted though, so I jumped the boulder that was my cover and ran forward through the swirling snow which severely hampered my vision.
Yes the empire demanded obedience of their soldiers, but why in the name of the Sith could he not ever lead the way. Lead by example, yes that's what they taught. But not this Bantha-piss of a coward, the sergeant would dance in when the objective was taken and claim credit. I swear one day he would find himself alone on the front line with no one to protect his white armour covered arse.
Alas, that day was not today. This day I would fight along side my brothers and claim another imperial victory.
I cannot begin to imagine, taking orders to climb those masts to man the sails or take a place in one of the look-out spots.
Rope ladders go right to the very top. The crow's nest lookouts are at varying heights.
It was an amazing experience to view and witness this absolutely gorgeous sailing vessel, that was moored this weekend at the Burrard Dock Pier, North Vancouver, BC Canada
It is my absolute pleasure to be able to feature this incredible Tall Ship from various angles, and under the changing evening light.
I was in my glory having the opportunity to photograph this fabulous vessel.
I hope you enjoy viewing this ship as much as I enjoyed capturing it.
I even had the honour and privilege to tour onboard this Navy Ship. :)
Please stay tuned for many images to follow.
The B.A.P. Unión, a Peruvian ship, arrived To Vancouver, BC Canada, Thursday to commemorate 75 years of diplomatic relations between Canada and Peru.
The tall ship — a traditional sailing vessel — serves as a training ship for Peruvian naval cadets. That country's government says it is the second largest training ship in the world.
The ship has 34 sails, and has a total sail area of more than 3,400 square metres. It houses 243 crew members.
BAP Unión is a training ship of the Peruvian Navy, built between 2012–2015 by Shipyard Marine Industrial Services of Peru, known as SIMA. It is a four-masted, steel-hulled, class "A" barque, composed of 38 steel modules. It has a total length (including bowsprit) of 115.50 m (378 ft 11 in);a beam of 13.50 m (44 ft 3 in); a draft of 6.50 m (21 ft 4 in); an air draft of 53.50 m (175 ft 6 in); a displacement of 3,200 metric tonnes; a speed of 12 knots (22 km/h) and a crew of 250 officers and trainees. The ship's name honors a Peruvian corvette that took part in the first stage of the 1879–1883 War of the Pacific as part of a naval squadron under the command of Miguel Grau, a hero of the Peruvian Navy.
Like other similar ships, Unión has been conceived not only for training purposes, but also to be a sailing ambassador for its home country. Due to its features and dimensions, it has been considered (as of the date it was commissioned) the largest sail vessel in Latin America. Wikipedia
Additional info.
For a long time, the Peruvian Navy desired a training ship for instruction of its cadets. Accordingly, the Peruvian government enacted 1985 Law N° 24094, which declared as a public necessity the navy having this kind of ship. However, due to the economic crisis of debt and hyper-inflation Peru suffered at the end of the 1980s, and later for public spending restraints, the project was postponed.
Eventually, in 2010 the project was approved and the construction was authorized. In 2012 the Peruvian government announced its decision to order the ship's construction to the Shipyard Marine Industrial Services of Peru, known as SIMA; in cooperation with the Government of Spain, through the contractors Cypsa Ingenieros Navales and Navantia, which were responsible for the ship´s structural design. The governmente named the ship as Union to honors a Peruvian corvette that took part in the first stage of the 1879–1883 War of the Pacific as part of a naval squadron under the command of Miguel Grau, a hero of the Peruvian Navy. On December 8, 2012 Unión's construction began with a keel laying ceremony in the presence of Peruvian president Ollanta Humala. The hull was finished two years later and the ship was launched on December 22, 2014.
In June 2015, the ship received its masts and propeller; and the interior fitout began in charge of contractors Acopafi and MO Contract. Also, according to an agreement between SIMA and Navantia, the ship was provided with an "Integrated Control System Platform, Navigation and Communications".
While the ship was under construction, the Peruvian government arranged training for the future Unión's crew with the help of an instructor from the Spanish Navy and by sending personnel to serve on training ships of other countries, such as the Mexican sailing ship ARM Cuauhtémoc. Also, a Peruvian delegation was sent to take part in maintenance and repair works on Colombian sailing ship ARC Gloria. Wikipedia
**Best experienced in full screen.
Each and every view, comment and fave are so very much appreciated. Thanks for visiting.......
~Christie
Le minaret a été construit sur ordre du souverain du Khanat de Khiva , Mohammed Amin Khan , qui avait l'intention de faire du minaret le plus haut d'Orient. Son diamètre à la base est de 14,2 mètres. Il devait s'élever entre 70 et 80 mètres de hauteur, avec une forme conique à diamètre décroissant. Cependant, les travaux ont dû être interrompus, alors que le minaret atteignait 29 mètres de hauteur.
The minaret was built on the orders of the ruler of the Khanate of Khiva, Mohammed Amin Khan, who intended to make the minaret the tallest in the East. Its diameter at the base is 14.2 meters. It was to rise between 70 and 80 meters in height, with a conical shape with a decreasing diameter. However, work had to be stopped when the minaret reached 29 meters in height.
Head end brakeman Jessie Vega grabs the orders, and a bag of food apparently, from Leroy station agent Burt Howe as Chessie train RS-97 heads South in Leroy, NY on May 20, 1980. The RS-97 met SR-94 at Gainesville, NY, a common occurrence at the time. After the meet the SR-94 derailed some cars, including the caboose, at the rear of the train as it was descending the hill at Church St. in Silver Springs.
Calais area
Fort Mahon is a sea fort by the commune of Ambleteuse in the Pas-de-Calais, northern France. The fort was built at the end of the 17th century by the military architect Vauban on the orders of Louis XIV to defend the port in the estuary of the Slack. It was designated a Monument historique in the 1960s (wikipedia).
All rights reserved. Copyright 2018 © Bert Meijers. All my images are protected under international authors copyright laws and may not be downloaded, reproduced, copied, transmitted or manipulated without my written explicit permission. All rights reserved - Copyright 2018 © Bert Meijers
Another shot from the weekend.
Really wanted to trail this but the oncoming traffic flare made it impossible to do more than 30 seconds.
I managed to get a breif period where a couple of cars went past in the other direction, I got some nice tail light trails and the headlights nicely lit the sign. I used my Led Lenser X21 to add a bit of fill light to the left of the sign, the bits the cars missed.
Took a couple of tries to get right because I was attempting star trail angles at first, but i'm really happy with the result, and left me with time to trail the building.
More to come soon!
Don't forget to check out my sponsors
www.ledlenser.com - www.rosco.com - www.elwirecraft.co.uk
and my website
www.noctography.co.uk Including the shop
and one more important link
Buzzard-swooping down to hunt. Taken through my house window in the dying light of today so not the best of conditions!
The next batch of BL orders coming have a bunch of white curves, the new Hoth Rebels, and some transparent Technic liftarms, so I can build a proper stand and a display base to match the one I built for the AT-ST (or, well, an updated version of the AT-ST; I've made some minor changes to smooth out the head and strengthen the legs).
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It's been, what...three, four years since my last proper MOC? Well, now that I know I'll be renting the same room for the rest of my time at university, I moved a good chunk of my collection in with me and went on a Bricklink spree.
Then I had a quick conversation with EB member LilMeFromDaFuture, (www.eurobricks.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=112692&s...) and he was looking into different combinations of slopes to minimize the stepped effect of SNOT wings. Well, if you really want to get rid of that stepped edge, you flip the entire thing around and put the flat edge on the outside, right? So I did that.
As usual, reference material is Toromodel:
www.flickr.com/photos/toromodel/albums/72157620639122395
And the venerable Starship Modeler:
www.starshipmodeler.com/starwars/smith_sw.htm
And you can still see some of the influence of Larry Lars's speeder, especially in the canopy.
The Engineer on this eastbound Milwaukee Road freight leans out of the cab to grab orders from the Tower B12 Operator in March 1979.
Story:
"Dividing the remaining troops, Commander Lazvis gave out the orders and we were off. Our group was tasked with getting to the communications room and sending out the signal while the commander took his group to take care of the reactor. For us, this meant having to go through the detention center due to it being the one way we knew was clear cause of the lockdown protocols. What we didn’t account for though was the both cleverness and stupidity of the prisoners onboard who were mutated when we arrived. It seemed they tried to escape before realizing the threat at hand. We moved as swiftly as we could, blasting our way through that scum infested area. I felt no sympathy for the prisoners, even the ones still alive. We took on minimal casualties they would say, but at this point, every person with a blaster was worth too much to lose."
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11 parts, 10 builders, 1 collaboration based off the Star Wars Legends book "Death Troopers" by Joe Schreiber. This collab tells a story through immersive scenes. Follow @brickzlabofficial
to learn the full story. This collaboration has been in the works for a long time, and I'm so glad I was able to play a part in this project. I'd really love to be a part of more unique SW collabs going forward. How more appropriate for 2020 could you get with a story of a virus?
Despite the project and this build being planned out for a long time, I had to do this entire build in less than 24 hours due to my busy schedule. It's not as polished as I'd like, but it sure looks cool to me. Make sure to check out all the photos! There's an Easter egg in one of the cells for book fans.
Check out more photos on my website!
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--NS
Through the creations that I build, I hope to inspire other young (or perhaps older) LEGO builders to unleash their inner creativity. We all need a positive way to express ourselves, so let's allow LEGO to be an extension of us. Your creativity belongs to you, and nobody can take that away. Build what you want to build, and how you want to build it. Creativity Never Ends!
Bluebirds in fading light... symbol RW-6, the "Paper Train" is stopped at SW cabin at Nineveh NY on the next to last day of 1982, as the engineer phones for orders. At this junction, the mainline from Albany splits into the fabled Penn Division over Ararat summit and the line to Binghamton through Belden Hill tunnel. Boston & Maine GP38-2 trio 201-206-209 with D&H RS36 No. 5015 provide a pre-Guilford consist that will become commonplace in another year.
Rolling out of the fog Algoma Central's Hearst train out of Soo, Ontario is picking up orders from the operator at Searchmont as waiting passengers watch the hoop up on September 19, 1984.
Last orders as the sun sinks under the horizon in Pembrokeshire.
Hand-held & filter free multiple exposure (three frames).
Say hello at Pelcomb Portraits.