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Seventh highest price of the day.
1957 Chrysler Ghia 400 Super Dart story photo 6 of 7
There is a lot to unpack here.
o Photo 1 in this series shows Donald Osborne -- opera singer (I videoed him singing the National Anthem at Concours on the Avenue in Carmel, 2021), Audrain Museum CEO, and international business owner -- introducing the car, which I believe he had been hired to sell at the auction.
o Photos 2 & 3 in this series show Evan Ide -- works with Bonhams, has been featured on Wayne Carini's "Chasing Classic Cars" several times, and is an advisor to several major museum collections around the world -- driving the car on stage.
o Photo 4 in this series shows the video projection of the car onstage. Interestingly, we had just seen this car place 3rd in its class at the 2022 Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance. Here's a photo of its in-console record player. In addition, three days before concours day, we met friends (Don & Kathy and Frank & Laura) of the car's late owner, John White, as we were enjoying beverages at The Inn at Spanish Bay who were there to show the car. Both couples were fun, lovely, down-to-earth people.
o Photos 5-7 in this series show a happy Andy Reid who succeeded in purchasing this car for a client.
1957 Chrysler Ghia Super Dart 400
Sold for US$819,000 inc. premium
From the catalog:
Chassis no. 202
392ci OHV FirePower Hemi V8 Engine
Dual 4-Barrel Carburetors
400bhp at 5,400rpm
Push Button Torqueflite Automatic Transmission
Independent Front Suspension - Live Rear Axle
Front Disc - Rear Drum Brakes
*Offered from the John White Ramshead Collection
*Striking, era-evoking one-off concept car shown at the Torino and New York Auto Shows
*2022 Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance Preservation Class Award Winner
*Equipped with powerful 400HP Hemi and optioned with Chrysler 'Highway Hi-Fi' record player
*Highly original and preserved example with less than 49,800 miles and 3 owners from new
THE SUPER DART 400
Proudly offered as one of the most important cars from the renowned Ramshead Collection thoughtfully curated by the late john White, this stunning and impressive, one-off Ghia-styled concept car - the Super Dart 400 - boasts not just uniqueness in is visual presence and auto show history, but also impeccable originality and preservation, having been collected by discerning custodians as a truly important show car since it was brand new.
Carrozzeria Ghia was founded by Giacinto Ghia in Turin in 1919, and soon established a reputation not just for luxury coachwork but also for bodying competition cars. After WW2, the company provided the training ground for many of Italy's rising-star designers - Michelotti, Boano, and Frua all making a contribution to its continuing success. Chrysler had two bespoke show cars built by Carrozzeria Ghia to be shown on the Turin firm's stand both in 1956 and 1957; the Dart and the potent 400-horsepower Super Dart 400 offered here. Its sister car, the Dart was shown the year before in 1956. Based on a 1957 300C Chrysler chassis, the Super Dart 400 emblems on the tail fins are appropriate for telling the world that this car has a 400-horsepower Chrysler Hemi under the hood fed through two massive 4-barrel carburetors. The engine was assembled on Chrysler's industrial engine line, and fitted with combination of performance parts, paired with the optional "Power Pack" offered by Chrysler at the time with 10:1 compression ratio, resulting in the higher horsepower rating.
The striking Ghia designed and built Coupe bodywork was extremely elegant yet fast and futuristic looking, while reminiscent of its Gilda and Dart predecessors. The exaggerated high-rise fins, artistic front grill, and rakish roofline add to the uniqueness of this automobile. Perhaps one of the most notable design features is the custom recessed side trim joining the front and rear bumpers in a pleasing and practical wraparound fashion. Inspired Virgil Exner and his "forward look" for Chrysler designs that would shortly follow the introduction of these Ghia designs and merge into the look and design of Chryslers future production cars. The one-ff show car was finished in a soft yellow exterior color, just as seen on the car today, while the roof was covered in contrasting black nappa.
On the inside of the Super Dart, it has a very fine custom Italian feel with 4 sporty individual bucket seats trimmed in black and white, the instrument panel trimmed with the large round gauges that Ghia was known for, a push button 3-speed Torqueflite automatic and a full front to rear flowing center console. Very over-the-top, beautiful, futuristic and showy, yet very usable and comfortable. Additional features included Chrysler Airtemp air conditioning, power windows, front power operated seats, AM radio, and Chrysler's impressive Highway Hi-Fi record player. Power steering was fitted to better maneuver the big car, while front disc brakes would help it stop.
Following its unveiling at the 1957 Turin Motor Show, the Super Dart 400 would make its way to the United States where it would be sold to Dual Motors and then showed it under their name on their stand at the 1958 New York Auto Show. At this time the hubcap centers were modified to say 'Dual Ghia', and 'Dual Ghia' badging was added to the hood and trunk lid. Why Ghia sold this car to Dual Motors at this time is not known, as it was not originally intended for Dual Motors. It is speculated that as they were a good client for Ghia, it was an easy sale for them once they were done showing the car themselves and for Chrysler.
During the 1958 New York Auto Show, the Super Dart 400's first private owner, Mr. Alex Freeman, would see the car for the first time and promptly approach the owner of Dual Motors, Mr. Gene Cassarol, proposing to buy the car. Mr. Cassoral did not want to sell the Superdart, but Mr. Freeman would not take no for an answer and reportedly handed Mr. Cassoral a blank check, resulting in a selling price of $15,000 for the Super Dart; a large sum of money in the 1958! Mr. Cassoral demanded payment up front, while delivery could not be taken until Dual Motors was finished showing the car for 1 year, presumably in hopes of calling Mr. Freemans offer to pay $15,000 dollars a bluff. But Mr. Freeman paid and would become the first private owner of the one-off show car. After taking delivery, Mr. Freeman would drive the Super Dart 400 regularly, putting a total of around 38,000 miles on the car during his almost 20-year ownership tenure, while keeping it in impeccable original condition. The Super Dart 400 would change again in in the late 1970s and would then stay with the next owner for another 40 years. Continuously preserved and never restored, the Super Dart 400 finally joined the Ramshead collection a few years ago.
In August of 2022, in honor of the late owner John White, the Super Dart 400 was invited to be shown at the Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance, where it participated in the Tour d'Elegance while deservedly winning a Class Award in the Postwar Preservation Class, testimony to just how well preserved this car is. Today, the Super Dart 400 presents itself in original condition with original paint, chrome, and upholstery. It is a beautiful time capsule and an incredible piece of custom coachbuilding. Just 49,725 miles are recorded on the odometer at time of cataloging. Photos of the car at the auto shows back in the day are offered with the car, along with some cool black and white images taken presumably at the first private owner Mr. Freeman's house. This one-off Ghia show car presents itself just as it did when it left the show circuit in 1958 and remains a historically significant piece of automotive history and custom coachbuilding. Subject to many concept car articles over the years, the Super Dart 400 is arguably one of the most significant post war Ghia show cars.
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It's Bonhams day!
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This year I was able to escape the snow and join Fred in Scottsdale for sunshine, cars, and music! I also drove down to Tucson to meet Doug for lunch and spend a nice evening visting with Richard and Lola.
My highest plate from Schaffhausen, a rather rare canton in the French speaking part of the country, located in the North-East of Switzerland.
Distance from home: 50 km.
I piled these things up on the bed to get them out of the way, and of course Dagny climbed up to the very top.
Titicaca is a large, deep lake in the Andes on the border of Bolivia and Peru, often called the "highest navigable lake" in the world. By volume of water and by surface area, it is the largest lake in South America.
Puno is a city in southeastern Peru, located on the shore of Lake Titicaca. It is the capital city of the Puno Region and the Puno Province with a population of approximately 140,839.
Peru is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the west by the Pacific Ocean.
Peru is a magical destination, abundant with ancient ruins dating back to the Incas.
Peru is the third largest country in South America, after Brazil and Argentina.
the highest wooden Gothic altar in the world (18,62 cm), height of Madonna 2,47 m
Late Gothic style, 1508-1517, sculptures of Madonna, St. James the Greater the Apostle and St. John the Apostle were created at the beginning of the whole work, before 1510
carved by Master Paul of Levoča and his workshop
taking photos in the whole church is strictly prohibited (although churches are public spaces), but recently I had a chance to make some pictures to share with everybody, who loves old art
Situated at one of the highest parts of the town, the construction of this church and the now absent nearby convent would appear to have begun at the end of the 16th century.
The interior of the church is extremely beautiful. Its floor plan, with a few differences, seems to follow the design typical of Granada ‘morisco’ churches, with a single nave, a highly defined main chapel and side chapels that are completely separated from one another. At the end of the 18th century, the nave of the Cofradía de la Soledad, was added to the foot of the church as an additional chapel. There are plenty more photos of Antequera and other Spanish towns/locations if you take a look at my 'Albums' page, www.flickr.com/photos/36623892@N00/sets/ - thank you.
Looking south from the top of the 7% grade of Cuesta Pass, just north of San Luis Obispo, CA. This is the highest point on U.S. 101, at an elevation of 1,522 feet, during its entire route from downtown Los Angeles all the way to Olympia, Washington. That's not very high in elevation because the highway follows the low coastal terrain nearly the whole route.
Photo contains 1 note.
Order of B.C. recipient Roger H. Barnsley.
In front of friends, family and a room full of distinguished guests, 23 exceptional civic leaders were honoured today at Government House with the Province’s highest form of recognition, the Order of British Columbia.
“The Order of British Columbia is the Province’s most prestigious accolade,” said Lt.-Gov. Judith Guichon, Chancellor of the Order. “For 25 years, we have publicly recognized those who have dedicated themselves to bettering the lives of their fellow citizens. These recipients exemplify the positive difference one person can make in a community and are an inspiration to all British Columbians.”
Read more: www.newsroom.gov.bc.ca/2014/07/best-of-bc-bestowed-with-p...
Does the Granard man (in Blue)catch the ball or does the Colmcille man (red and green) punch it away.
The highest point on Hong Kong Island. The views of one of the world’s most spectacular cityscapes keep them coming. That view is also what makes The Peak one of the most popular attractions in Hong Kong. By day your eyes stretch across sparkling skyscrapers and Victoria Harbour all the way to the green hills of the New Territories. In early evening this panorama melts into pink and orange before reincarnating as a dazzling galaxy of light, shimmering beneath you. And if you listen carefully enough, you can hear Asia’s world city humming below.
Khardung La (la means pass in Tibetan) (elevation 18380 ft) is a high mountain pass located in the Ladakh region, Jammu and Kashmir, India. The local pronunciation is "Khardong La" or "Khardzong La," but, as with most names in Ladakh, the romanised spelling varies.
The pass on the Ladakh Range lies north of Leh and is the gateway to the Shyok and Nubra valleys. The Siachen Glacier lies partway up the latter valley. Built in 1976, it was opened to motor vehicles in 1988 and has since seen many automobile, motorbike and mountain biking expeditions. Maintained by the Border Roads Organisation, the pass is strategically important to India as it is used to carry essential supplies to the Siachen. Khardong La is historically important as it lies on the major caravan route from Leh to Kashgar in Chinese Central Asia. About 10,000 horses and camels used to take the route annually, and a small population of Bactrian camels can still be seen at Hundar, in the area north of the pass, mute witnesses to history. During World War II there was a futile attempt to transfer war material to China through this route
Explore Highest position: 464 on Friday, July 11, 2008
Nele a gente pendura as roupas. E algumas pessoas aproveitam para se
pendurar em outras, mas ai num era melhor chamar de sangue-sugas?
Cabideiro da S|C, locação do ensaio com Chico
Alencastro.
large size | original uploaded size | my portfolio
On the day before that lowest tide, the tide was at its highest. First posted photo taken with the Asahi Pentax 6x7.
2021 Edge January New Highest Observation Deck in the Western Hemisphere so far - Hudson Yards Skyscraper Day Clock cloudless 01/24/2021 view from Hells Kitchen Clinton architecture skylines sunlight NYC skyline New York City art city scape cityscape Winter weather blue sky seen from 34th Street Birthday Observation tower spree 24th Birth Day Time event jaunt
The highest point (highest city/town elevation ) on the Trans Canada highway is halfway between Calgary and Banff at approx. 4,600 ft. ASL.
taken looking out my window....
Bow Summit is the highest point on the Icefields Parkway (Highway 93 running through the Rockies from Jasper to Lake Louise). From Bow Summit there is a really good view of Peyto Lake.
Peyto Lake is a glacial lake. All glacial lakes are a very bright blue colour because of the suspended particles from the glacier.
This picture was clicked in respect to show the comparison among tallest buildings in Hong Kong...
Each company is in rat race to have highest or better building than other to attract people in different aspects....
One more thing
In hong kong I have not seen even single independent house on ground ..
quite astonishing ...
Bournville College - High Street, Longbridge Town Centre.
Posters - Fly Highest and Roam Further.
Awaken your power animal
If you had a power what would it be?
Movie style posters!
HIGHEST FLICKR EXPLORE RANKING: 478
Paul McCartney mid-guitar solo on his Gibson Les Paul, in front of a TV monitor image of himself, during the Beatles' I've Got a Feeling, as part of his BBC Electric Proms concert at the Roundhouse, Camden, London, England.
For more photos, audio and video from this terrific gig, see:
www.bbc.co.uk/electricproms/2007/artists/paulmccartney/
For a different but excellent take on this photo by my Flickr contact Sir Cam, check out:
www.flickr.com/photos/camdiary/1795963916/
Taken on October 25, 2007.
Delano Peak is the highest point in the Tushar Mountains of south-central Utah. The Tushars are the third-highest range in the state, after the Uinta Mountains and the La Sal Range, though Delano itself is surpassed in height by at least thirty-one other Utah peaks.
Located in the Fishlake National Forest, Delano Peak is the highest point in both Beaver and Piute counties. The mountain is named for Columbus Delano (1809–1896), Secretary of the Interior during the Grant administration.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delano_Peak
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_...
Bradford Cathedral, or the Cathedral Church of St Peter, is an Anglican cathedral in Bradford, West Yorkshire, England, one of three co-equal cathedrals in the Diocese of Leeds alongside Ripon and Wakefield. Its site has been used for Christian worship since the 7th century, when missionaries based in Dewsbury evangelised the area. For many centuries it was the parish church of St Peter and achieved cathedral status in 1919. The cathedral is a Grade I listed building.
Background
The first church on the site was believed to have been built in Anglo-Saxon times and fell into ruin after the Norman Conquest in 1066. A second church was built around 1200. The first mention of the parish of Bradford as distinct from being part of the parish of Dewsbury appears in the register of the Archbishop of York in 1281. Alice de Lacy, widow of Edmund de Lacy, one of the descendants of Ilbert de Lacy, gave a grant to the parish of Bradford that is recorded in the register of the Archbishop Wickwayne. Around 1327, Scottish raiders burnt down most of this stone church.
During the 14th century the church was rebuilt and some of the older masonry may have been used in the reconstruction of the nave. The construction of the third church was completed in 1458. The tower in the Perpendicular style was added to the west end and finished in 1508. A clerestory was added by the end of the 15th century. Proprietary chapels were founded, on the north side of the chancel by the Leventhorpe family, and on the south by the owners of Bolling Hall. In 1854 Robert Mawer carved a new reredos in Caen stone for the church. There is a photograph of it in the church archive. This reredos was lost during the 1950s rebuild by Edward Maufe.
Originally in the Diocese of York, the church was in the Diocese of Ripon before becoming a cathedral in 1919, when the Diocese of Bradford was created; it became one of three co-equal cathedrals of the new Diocese of Leeds upon its creation on 20 April 2014.
The building was extended in the 1950s and 1960s by Edward Maufe. The east end of the cathedral is Maufe's work, as well as the two west wings which contain the Song Room and Cathedral offices. In his east end extension he reused the Morris & Co. stained glass from the old east window. There is Victorian stained glass throughout the building including at the west end, where there is a window showing women of the Bible, and stained glass in the First World War memorial window dating from 1921. The many wall monuments include a sculpture by John Flaxman.
In 1987 the nave and west end were re-ordered to accommodate a growing number of visitors. The roof panelling was cleaned and restored, and new lighting was installed. To enable flexibility of use, the Victorian pews were replaced by chairs. The nave organ was removed to give more light and space at the west end, and a Bradford Computer Organ was installed, complementing the pipe organ in the choir with loudspeakers in the nave, though this is no longer in use.
At the beginning of the 21st century, the cathedral authorities decided to develop a museum of religion in St Peter's House (built in the 19th century as Bradford's main post office). The visitor numbers were much lower than expected, and the project collapsed, leaving the cathedral in debt, from which it was discharged in 2007. St Peter's House is now owned by a South Asian arts group, Kala Sangam.
The cathedral is set in a small conservation area which includes the close to its north. The close provides modern housing for the dean and canons residentiary, the bishop's official residence, Bishopcroft, being in Heaton, approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) from the city centre.
The cathedral and its predecessors were built on the shelf of alluvial land that had formed on the outside of the bend where Bradford Beck turns north, but the town grew up on the lower ground on the other side of the beck, so the church was always just outside the centre of town. In the 19th and 20th centuries the cathedral was partly hidden from the centre by buildings, first by the post office just below it, and subsequently by the 1960s developments of Forster Square and Petergate. The latter areas were demolished in 2006, leaving the cathedral more visible than for many years prior to the completion of the Broadway Centre in 2015.
Dean and chapter
As of 21 May 2023:
Dean – Andy Bowerman (since 19 June 2022)
Canon for Intercultural Mission and the Arts – Ned Lunn (since 31 January 2023)
Minor Canon for Worship and Nurture – Pete Gunstone (since 21 May 2023)
Music
Bradford Cathedral has long been a place of music. During term-time, Choral Services are sung as follows: Sunday 10.30 am Choral Eucharist (rotates girls/adults, boys/adults or Cathedral Consort); Sunday 3:30 pm Choral Evensong (adults choir); Monday 5:30 pm Choral Evensong (girls choir); Tuesday 5:30 pm Choral Evensong (boys choir)
The boys and girls of the Choir sing as separate top lines and are drawn from as many as 20 local schools at any time. New entrants spend a couple of terms as a probationer, receiving basic training in singing and musicianship, before progressing to full membership. Full choristers have the opportunity to take up individual, free-of-charge tuition in singing, musicianship, theory or piano on a 1:1 basis each week. The lay clerks of the Choir are highly skilled volunteers, most of whom make their living outside of music. In September 2015 residential choral scholarships were introduced. The Cathedral Consort, a high standard chamber choir consisting of adult sopranos and lay clerks, completes the Choral Foundation.
In addition to the schedule above, the Choir also performs other concerts and services within and outside the diocese. Although foreign tours have been undertaken, the most recent being to Barcelona in 2010 and Bavaria in 2008, touring more recently has been within the UK, with the girls and boys each undertaking a residential tour annually, with or without the choir adults. Tours have been undertaken in recent years to Bristol, Worcester, Edinburgh and Durham.
The girls and men are involved with the annual Yorkshire Cathedrals' Girls' Choirs' Festival and hosted the Festal Evensong in March 2015. The boy choristers had not been involved with the Yorkshire Three Choirs Festival since 1981, but with the recent renaissance of an independent boys' top-line at the cathedral they, along with the lay clerks, were re-included in this annual festival from October 2015. Bradford Cathedral hosted the festival in October 2016.
In July 2012, the Choir recorded two services for the BBC Radio 2 Sunday Half Hour programme, which were broadcast in Autumn 2012, and the girls and men sang live for BBC Radio 4 Sunday Worship in December 2012. The Choir recorded a CD of Evening Canticles, including Humphrey Clucas's 'Bradford Service' in November 2013, and February 2014 saw the Choir recording two programmes of BBC Songs of Praise, airing on 2 March 2014 and Palm Sunday, 13 April 2014. Since 2015, the Choir has performed annually with the European Union Chamber Orchestra, singing Vivaldi's Gloria, Haydn's Little Organ Mass, and Schubert's Mass No. 2 in G major.
A specification of the William Hill pipe organ (1904), with later modifications by Hill, Norman & Beard (1961) and J. W. Walker (1977), can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register. A series of organ recitals takes place on many Wednesday lunchtimes throughout the year at 1.00 pm, attracting many well-known players. An Organ Appeal was launched in February 2013, aiming to raise £250,000 over several years, in order to secure the continued reliability of the instrument, as well as making possible several tonal adjustments. A. J. Carter of Wakefield and Andrew Cooper are working in conjunction to carry out this work on a phased basis over the coming years. The first phase, entailing the substantial upgrading of the console, was carried out in October 2014. The second phase, to clean, revoice and extend the Chancel (Positive) Division, was completed in the first half of 2018.
Organists and Directors of Music
John Simpson c. 1820 – 1860
Absalom Rawnsley Swaine c. 1861 – 1893
Henry Coates 1893–1939
Charles Hooper 1939–1963
Keith Vernon Rhodes 1963–1981
Geoffrey John Weaver 1982–1986
Alan Graham Horsey 1986–2002
Andrew Teague 2003–2011
Alexander Woodrow 2012–2016
Alexander Berry 2017–present
Sub Organists and Assistant Directors of Music
Martin D. Baker 1982–2004 (Asst. Organist)
Jonathan Kingston 1997–2000 (Sub Organist)
Paul Bowen 2004–2011 — Paul Bowen held the office of Cathedral Organist from late 2011 to late 2014
David Condry 2009–2012
Jonathan Eyre 2012–2016
Jon Payne 2016–2018
Ed Jones 2018–2019
Graham Thorpe 2019–present
Monuments of interest
Memorial to Abraham Balme main promoter of the Bradford Canal, sculpted by John Flaxman RA.
Monument to Abraham Sharp (d.1742) by Peter Scheemakers
Monument to Robert Lowry Turner and George Whyte Watson
The Bradford City Football Ground Fire Disaster Memorial
The Battle of the Steeple / Market Charter plaque
Memorial to Joseph Priestley
Bradford is a city in West Yorkshire, England. It became a municipal borough in 1847, received a city charter in 1897 and, since the 1974 reform, the city status has belonged to the larger City of Bradford metropolitan borough. It had a population of 349,561 at the 2011 census; the second-largest subdivision of the West Yorkshire Built-up Area after Leeds, which is approximately 9 miles (14 km) to the east. The borough had a population of 546,976, making it the 9th most populous district in England.
Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, the city grew in the 19th century as an international centre of textile manufacture, particularly wool. It was a boomtown of the Industrial Revolution, and amongst the earliest industrialised settlements, rapidly becoming the "wool capital of the world"; this in turn gave rise to the nicknames "Woolopolis" and "Wool City". Lying in the eastern foothills of the Pennines, the area's access to supplies of coal, iron ore and soft water facilitated the growth of a manufacturing base, which, as textile manufacture grew, led to an explosion in population and was a stimulus to civic investment. There is a large amount of listed Victorian architecture in the city including the grand Italianate city hall.
From the mid-20th century, deindustrialisation caused the city's textile sector and industrial base to decline and, since then, it has faced similar economic and social challenges to the rest of post-industrial Northern England, including poverty, unemployment and social unrest. It is the third-largest economy within the Yorkshire and the Humber region at around £10 billion, which is mostly provided by financial and manufacturing industries. It is also a tourist destination, the first UNESCO City of Film and it has the National Science and Media Museum, a city park, the Alhambra theatre and Cartwright Hall. The city is the UK City of Culture for 2025 having won the designation on 31 May 2022.
History
The name Bradford is derived from the Old English brad and ford the broad ford which referred to a crossing of the Bradford Beck at Church Bank below the site of Bradford Cathedral, around which a settlement grew in Anglo-Saxon times. It was recorded as "Bradeford" in 1086.
Early history
After an uprising in 1070, during William the Conqueror's Harrying of the North, the manor of Bradford was laid waste, and is described as such in the Domesday Book of 1086. It then became part of the Honour of Pontefract given to Ilbert de Lacy for service to the Conqueror, in whose family the manor remained until 1311. There is evidence of a castle in the time of the Lacys. The manor then passed to the Earl of Lincoln, John of Gaunt, The Crown and, ultimately, private ownership in 1620.
By the middle ages Bradford, had become a small town centred on Kirkgate, Westgate and Ivegate. In 1316 there is mention of a fulling mill, a soke mill where all the manor corn was milled and a market. During the Wars of the Roses the inhabitants sided with House of Lancaster. Edward IV granted the right to hold two annual fairs and from this time the town began to prosper. In the reign of Henry VIII Bradford exceeded Leeds as a manufacturing centre. Bradford grew slowly over the next two-hundred years as the woollen trade gained in prominence.
During the Civil War the town was garrisoned for the Parliamentarians and in 1642 was unsuccessfully attacked by Royalist forces from Leeds. Sir Thomas Fairfax took the command of the garrison and marched to meet the Duke of Newcastle but was defeated. The Parliamentarians retreated to Bradford and the Royalists set up headquarters at Bolling Hall from where the town was besieged leading to its surrender. The Civil War caused a decline in industry but after the accession of William III and Mary II in 1689 prosperity began to return. The launch of manufacturing in the early 18th century marked the start of the town's development while new canal and turnpike road links encouraged trade.
Industrial Revolution
In 1801, Bradford was a rural market town of 6,393 people, where wool spinning and cloth weaving were carried out in local cottages and farms. Bradford was thus not much bigger than nearby Keighley (5,745) and was significantly smaller than Halifax (8,866) and Huddersfield (7,268). This small town acted as a hub for three nearby townships – Manningham, Bowling and Great and Little Horton, which were separated from the town by countryside.
Blast furnaces were established in about 1788 by Hird, Dawson Hardy at Low Moor and iron was worked by the Bowling Iron Company until about 1900. Yorkshire iron was used for shackles, hooks and piston rods for locomotives, colliery cages and other mining appliances where toughness was required. The Low Moor Company also made pig iron and the company employed 1,500 men in 1929. when the municipal borough of Bradford was created in 1847 there were 46 coal mines within its boundaries. Coal output continued to expand, reaching a peak in 1868 when Bradford contributed a quarter of all the coal and iron produced in Yorkshire.
The population of the township in 1841 was 34,560.
In 1825 the wool-combers union called a strike that lasted five-months but workers were forced to return to work through hardship leading to the introduction of machine-combing. This Industrial Revolution led to rapid growth, with wool imported in vast quantities for the manufacture of worsted cloth in which Bradford specialised, and the town soon became known as the wool capital of the world.
A permanent military presence was established in the city with the completion of Bradford Moor Barracks in 1844.
Bradford became a municipal borough in 1847, and a county borough in 1888, making it administratively independent of the West Riding County Council. It was honoured with city status on the occasion of Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee in 1897, with Kingston upon Hull and Nottingham. The three had been the largest county boroughs outside the London area without city status. The borough's boundaries were extended to absorb Clayton in 1930, and parts of Rawdon, Shipley, Wharfedale and Yeadon urban districts in 1937.
Bradford had ample supplies of locally mined coal to provide the power that the industry needed. Local sandstone was an excellent resource for building the mills, and with a population of 182,000 by 1850, the town grew rapidly as workers were attracted by jobs in the textile mills. A desperate shortage of water in Bradford Dale was a serious limitation on industrial expansion and improvement in urban sanitary conditions. In 1854 Bradford Corporation bought the Bradford Water Company and embarked on a huge engineering programme to bring supplies of soft water from Airedale, Wharfedale and Nidderdale. By 1882 water supply had radically improved. Meanwhile, urban expansion took place along the routes out of the city towards the Hortons and Bowling and the townships had become part of a continuous urban area by the late 19th century.
A major employer was Titus Salt who in 1833 took over the running of his father's woollen business specialising in fabrics combining alpaca, mohair, cotton and silk. By 1850 he had five mills. However, because of the polluted environment and squalid conditions for his workers Salt left Bradford and transferred his business to Salts Mill in Saltaire in 1850, where in 1853 he began to build the workers' village which has become a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Henry Ripley was a younger contemporary of Titus Salt. He was managing partner of Edward Ripley & Son Ltd, which owned the Bowling Dye Works. In 1880 the dye works employed over 1000 people and was said to be the biggest dye works in Europe. Like Salt he was a councillor, JP and Bradford MP who was deeply concerned to improve working class housing conditions. He built the industrial Model village of Ripley Ville on a site in Broomfields, East Bowling close to the dye works.
Other major employers were Samuel Lister and his brother who were worsted spinners and manufacturers at Lister's Mill (Manningham Mills). Lister epitomised Victorian enterprise but it has been suggested that his capitalist attitude made trade unions necessary. Unprecedented growth created problems with over 200 factory chimneys continually churning out black, sulphurous smoke, Bradford gained the reputation of being the most polluted town in England. There were frequent outbreaks of cholera and typhoid, and only 30% of children born to textile workers reached the age of fifteen. This extreme level of infant and youth mortality contributed to a life expectancy for Bradford residents of just over eighteen years, which was one of the lowest in the country.
Like many major cities Bradford has been a destination for immigrants. In the 1840s Bradford's population was significantly increased by migrants from Ireland, particularly rural County Mayo and County Sligo, and by 1851 about 10% of the population were born in Ireland, the largest proportion in Yorkshire. Around the middle decades of the 19th century the Irish were concentrated in eight densely settled areas situated near the town centre. One of these was the Bedford Street area of Broomfields, which in 1861 contained 1,162 persons of Irish birth—19% of all Irish born persons in the Borough.
During the 1820s and 1830s, there was immigration from Germany. Many were Jewish merchants and they became active in the life of the town. The Jewish community mostly living in the Manningham area of the town, numbered about 100 families but was influential in the development of Bradford as a major exporter of woollen goods from their textile export houses predominately based in Little Germany and the civic life of Bradford. Charles Semon (1814–1877) was a textile merchant and philanthropist who developed a productive textile export house in the town, he became the first foreign and Jewish mayor of Bradford in 1864. Jacob Behrens (1806–1889) was the first foreign textile merchant to export woollen goods from the town, his company developed into an international multimillion-pound business. Behrens was a philanthropist, he also helped to establish the Bradford chamber of commerce in 1851. Jacob Moser (1839–1922) was a textile merchant who was a partner in the firm Edelstein, Moser and Co, which developed into a successful Bradford textile export house. Moser was a philanthropist, he founded the Bradford Charity Organisation Society and the City Guild of Help. In 1910 Moser became the first Jewish Lord Mayor of Bradford.
Jowett Cars Eight badge
To support the textile mills, a large manufacturing base grew up in the town providing textile machinery, and this led to diversification with different industries thriving side by side. The Jowett Motor Company founded in the early 20th century by Benjamin and William Jowett and Arthur V Lamb, manufactured cars and vans in Bradford for 50 years. The Scott Motorcycle Company was a well known producer of motorcycles and light engines for industry. Founded by Alfred Angas Scott in 1908 as the Scott Engineering Company in Bradford, Scott motorcycles were produced until 1978.
Independent Labour Party
The city played an important part in the early history of the Labour Party. A mural on the back of the Bradford Playhouse in Little Germany commemorates the centenary of the founding of the Independent Labour Party in Bradford in 1893.
Regimental colours
The Bradford Pals were three First World War Pals battalions of Kitchener's Army raised in the city. When the three battalions were taken over by the British Army they were officially named the 16th (1st Bradford), 18th (2nd Bradford), and 20th (Reserve) Battalions, The Prince of Wales's Own (West Yorkshire Regiment).
On the morning of 1 July 1916, the 16th and 18th Battalions left their trenches in Northern France to advance across no man's land. It was the first hour of the first day of the Battle of the Somme. Of the estimated 1,394 men from Bradford and District in the two battalions, 1,060 were either killed or injured during the ill-fated attack on the village of Serre-lès-Puisieux.
Other Bradford Battalions of The Prince of Wales's Own (West Yorkshire Regiment) involved in the Battle of the Somme were the 1st/6th Battalion (the former Bradford Rifle Volunteers), part of the Territorial Force, based at Belle Vue Barracks in Manningham, and the 10th Battalion (another Kitchener battalion). The 1/6th Battalion first saw action in 1915 at the Battle of Aubers Ridge before moving north to the Yser Canal near Ypres. On the first day of the Somme they took heavy casualties while trying to support the 36th (Ulster) Division. The 10th Battalion was involved in the attack on Fricourt, where it suffered the highest casualty rate of any battalion on the Somme on 1 July and perhaps the highest battalion casualty list for a single day during the entire war. Nearly 60% of the battalion's casualties were deaths.
The 1/2nd and 2/2nd West Riding Brigades, Royal Field Artillery (TF), had their headquarters at Valley Parade in Manningham, with batteries at Bradford, Halifax and Heckmondwike. The 1/2nd Brigade crossed to France with the 1/6th Battalion West Yorks in April 1915. These Territorial Force units were to remain close to each other throughout the war, serving in the 49th (West Riding) Division. They were joined in 1917 by the 2/6th Battalion, West Yorks, and 2/2nd West Riding Brigade, RFA, serving in the 62nd (2nd West Riding) Division.
Recent history
Bradford's Telegraph and Argus newspaper was involved in spearheading the news of the 1936 Abdication Crisis, after the Bishop of Bradford publicly expressed doubts about Edward VIII's religious beliefs (see: Telegraph & Argus#1936 Abdication Crisis).
After the Second World War migrants came from Poland and Ukraine and since the 1950s from Bangladesh, India and particularly Pakistan.
The textile industry has been in decline throughout the latter part of the 20th century. A culture of innovation had been fundamental to Bradford's dominance, with new textile technologies being invented in the city; a prime example being the work of Samuel Lister. This innovation culture continues today throughout Bradford's economy, from automotive (Kahn Design) to electronics (Pace Micro Technology). Wm Morrison Supermarkets was founded by William Morrison in 1899, initially as an egg and butter merchant in Rawson Market, operating under the name of Wm Morrison (Provisions) Limited.
The grandest of the mills no longer used for textile production is Lister Mills, the chimney of which can be seen from most places in Bradford. It has become a beacon of regeneration after a £100 million conversion to apartment blocks by property developer Urban Splash.
In 1989, copies of Salman Rushdie's The Satanic Verses were burnt in the city, and a section of the Muslim community led a campaign against the book. In July 2001, ethnic tensions led to rioting, and a report described Bradford as fragmented and a city of segregated ethnic communities.
The Yorkshire Building Society opened its new headquarters in the city in 1992.
In 2006 Wm Morrison Supermarkets opened its new headquarters in the city, the firm employs more than 5,000 people in Bradford.
In June 2009 Bradford became the world's first UNESCO City of Film and became part of the Creative Cities Network since then. The city has a long history of producing both films and the technology that produces moving film which includes the invention of the Cieroscope, which took place in Manningham in 1896.
In 2010 Provident Financial opened its new headquarters in the city. The company has been based in the city since 1880.
In 2012 the British Wool Marketing Board opened its new headquarters in the city. Also in 2012 Bradford City Park opened, the park which cost £24.5 million to construct is a public space in the city centre which features numerous fountains and a mirror pool surrounded by benches and a walk way.
In 2015 The Broadway opened, the shopping and leisure complex in the centre of Bradford cost £260 million to build and is owned by Meyer Bergman.
In 2022, Bradford was named the UK City of Culture 2025, beating Southampton, Wrexham and Durham. The UK City of Culture bid, as of 2023, was expected to majorly stimulate the local economy and culture as well as attracting tourism to the city. By 2025, the UK City of Culture bid is expected to support potential economic growth of £389 million to the city of Bradford as well as to the surrounding local areas, creating over 7,000 jobs, attracting a significant amount of tourists to the city and providing thousands of performance opportunities for local artists.
Catedral de Colonia (Alemania)
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Cathedral of Köln (Germany)
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The highest skyline in Putrajaya is target to be complete by mid of next year.....BRAVO to our local Architects....
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Now that the Transbay Terminal has been torn down, you can get a good look at this Hills Bros. Coffee billboard.
In front of friends, family and a room full of distinguished guests, 16 exceptional civic leaders were recognized at Government House with the Province’s highest honour, the Order of British Columbia. Three recipients unable to attend the 2014 ceremony were also honoured.
2014 OBC recipient Lorne Segal
Read more: www.newsroom.gov.bc.ca/2015/06/best-of-bc-bestowed-with-p...