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Flickr Friends , checkout this Help Forum Official post ----- A NEW Redesign of the photopage !!!!!!!!!!!
www.flickr.com/help/forum/en-us/72157645000450855/
Wishing I was in the "small" test group , but will just have to be patient a while longer :(
This looks SO much better !
Awhile ago I started to collect AC8's, and now I dont really have any use for them. So can someone Tell me how much these are worth?
Thanks
Wants:
All The Avenger's Figures
HawkEye w/Bow
Iron Man
Thor w/Hammer
Black Widow
Possibly The Hulk
For some reason I always had a bit of an affinity towards these cars, largely due to the fact that they seemed to be smiling with those light clusters. But much like the Maestro, it had purpose, it was innovative, and it was a car that refused to die!
The Austin Montego first started development life way back in 1977 under project code LC10 (Leyland Cars 10), as an intended replacement for the Morris Marina and the Princess. However, like many of the company's promising projects, such as the Maestro and the Metro, it was shelved for years on account of the fact that British Leyland ran out of money! After a corporate bailout by the British Government, the company chose instead to prolong the development of these cars and instead simply give the existing Marina and Princess a facelift, resulting in the Morris Ital and Austin Ambassador, both cars notable for being unimpressively bland masterpieces.
However, this delay did give British Leyland a chance to tie up with Honda, and in 1980 launched the Triumph Acclaim as both the first Japanese/British hybrid car, but also British Leyland's first consistently reliable product! The result was that both the simultaneously developed Austin Maestro and Montego could take some leaves out of Honda's book and therefore improve the reliability. Styling came from David Bache, who had previously had a hand in penning the Rover P4, the Rover SD1 and the Range Rover, and Roy Axe, who would later go on to style the Rover 800 and the Rolls Royce Silver Seraph. The lengthy development time of the car however clearly showed as the first sketches of the car were done back in 1975. Apparently when Roy Axe, who took over as Director of Design in 1982, saw the first prototype with the original design, he was so horrified that he suggested they scrap the whole thing and start over!
However, their combined design talent truly shows through with the Montego as in essence these are very handsome cars, with a long smooth body, a pleasing frontal alignment and design, and internally very capable and comfortable. Some novel features included were the colour coordinated bumpers that matched the rest of the car, and the wiper spindles hiding under the bonnet when parked.
Although many consider the Maestro just to be a hatchback version of the Montego, there were many features the Montego had that made it an all around better car. These included a new S-Series engine in place of the A-Series engine that dated back to the 1950's, and a more practical and robust dashboard. Variations of the car included the stylish and luxury Vanden Plas, which was styled internally by the world renowned coachbuilder with lavish wood veneer and seating (thankfully not given a chrome nose, that would have been insane!), the sporty MG Montego which featured a higher performance O-Series Turob Engine and a revolutionary synthesised computer voice that announced problems and warnings, and finally the Estate versions which were by far the most popular and received almost unanimous acclaim for their spacious interior.
The Montego was launched on April 25th 1984, being available at first as a 4-door saloon to replace the standard Morris Ital, but the Ital in estate form continued on until August, bringing an end to the 11 year old Morris Marina family. In October the Estate version was launched at the British International Motor Show. Initially things were looking up for the Montego, as mentioned the Estate version was lauded for its practicality, the MG Montego became the fastest MG ever built with 115hp to rocket it up to a top speed of 126mph at a rate of 0-60 in 7.1 seconds, and the Vanden Plas was a modest success for the business executive, as well as finding a home in the company car market.
Promotion for the car also helped to seal the deal with a fantastically choreographed advert where professional stunt driver Russ Swift, pretty much danced around a crowded car park in a Montego, doing reverse 180's in gaps only a few feet wide, and driving the car on two wheels through a gap only a ruler's length apart! Jeremy Clarkson would attempt to do the same thing 14 years later on one of his DVD's in another Montego, again with the help of Russ Swift, which went well the first time, but not so well the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth or seventh time. Eventually the Montego was smashed in half by a large truck in a fiery explosion.
Sadly though, the honeymoon like with all good British Leyland cars was short lived, and soon afterwards the various faults and build quality problems became once again apparent. Although many of the features fitted to these cars such as the synthesised voice, the computer engine management and the redesigned dashboard were endearing, the main fault that these cars had were in the electrics, which would frequently go wrong. Some examples I've heard from early Montego owners have included the car failing to start, pressing the indicator switch only to blow the horn, or the synthesised talking lady never, ever, ever shutting up! Because of these problems the cars built up a very quick and poor reputation, added to by the poor construction of the actual car, with the colour coded bumpers being particularly problematic as they'd crack in cold weather.
But British Leyland didn't give up on the Montego, and in the background designers continued to tinker with the idea of further additions and changes to the car. Throughout the period following its introduction, British Leyland began to be broken up by the Thatcher Government, with Jaguar being made independent, the various parts manufacturers such as UNIPART being sold off, Leyland Trucks and Buses being sold to Volvo and DAF, and eventually the whole outfit being reduced to just MG and Rover. The Montego has been credited with being the last car to carry the Austin name, the badge being dropped in 1988 with future cars simply being dubbed the Montego. This coincided with a facelift in 1989 and the re-engineering of the car to be fitted with a Perkins Diesel. In 1989 a new seven-seater estate model was created called the Montego Countryman, built to combat the rising trend of People-Carriers such as the Renault Espace, but still being able to perform as well as a regular car. This, much like the original estate, proved immensely popular, especially in France for some reason, which went on to be one of the Montego's major markets.
In the early 90's the Montego did start getting back some reputation, winning the CAR Magazine's 'Giant Test' (all technical names I'm sure) when competing against the likes of the Citroen BX and the Audi 80. In fact the Rover Montego Turbo became a favourite with the RAF, and was used to whisk Officers across airfields as a personal transport. The Montego may have failed to outdo the Volkswagen Passat, but as for the British mob such as the Ford Sierra and the Vauxhall Cavalier, it was able competition. In fact when I was young in the 90's a lot of kids I'd see dropped off to school would be in then new Montego's because by this point the reliability issues had been ironed out following Rover Group's return to private ownership under British Aerospace.
But by 1992 the car was very much looking its age and was in desperate need of a replacement. In 1993 the Rover 600 was launched which pretty much ended the Montego for mass-production then and there, but special orders for the car continued until 1995. The machines continued to be a favourite among Company Car firms, and a lot of the developments made in the Montego lived on in later Rover cars, primarily the 600 and the 75, which inherited its rear suspension which was often held in high regard. But the curtain did eventually fall for the official Montego production in 1995 as new owners BMW desired nothing more than to be out with the old and in with the new, with facelifts all around including a new Rover 25 to replace the 200, a new Rover 45 to replace the 400, and a new Rover 75 to replace the 800, and the original Range Rover was revamped into the absolutely magnificent Range Rover P38 in 1995. The Maestro too was axed and the Metro followed not long afterwards in 1999, with the classic Mini being killed off in 2000, only to be brought back to life the same year under BMW management after the breakup of Rover that year.
But like the Maestro, the Montego simply wouldn't die, but unlike the Maestro, attempts to revive the car under bootlegged brands weren't as prosperous. In India, the company Sipani Automobiles, notable for attempting to recreate British cars such as the Reliant Kitten but instead consistently turning out garbage, attempted to built a few, but folded soon afterwards. In Trinidad & Tobago, a small firm attempted to sell their own copycat versions of the Montego, which were notable for their exceptional poor quality. But most famously was the attempt to recreate the car in China with the Lubao CA 6410, which yoked the nose of a Montego onto the back of a Maestro using a Maestro platform. Today that car is technically still in production as the Jiefang CA 6440 UA Van, but owes more to the Maestro than the Montego.
Today the Montego is a very rare car to find. Of the 571,000 cars built, only 296 remain, making it Britain's 8th most scrapped car. Contributing to this, areas of the bodywork that were to be covered by plastic trim (such as the front and rear bumpers) were left unpainted and thus unprotected. In addition, pre-1989 models cannot run on unleaded petrol without the cylinder head being converted or needing fuel additives.
However, as mentioned, the Montego estate was a huge hit in France, and chances are you'll find a fair number ambling about the countryside there. Malta too was another popular locale for the Montego, as well as many other British Leyland cars, including Marina's, Allegros and even Princesses!
My opinion on the Montego? Like most British Leyland cars it had prospects and purpose, but lacked the desire to build good, honest cars. It was comfortable, it was handsome, it performed as well as a family saloon car should, it was spacious and very well equipped, and like many British Leyland cars, such as the Princess with its Hydragas suspension, it was innovative. If these cars had been built better and had some of the teething problems ironed out with the electrical systems, then British Leyland could have easily gone on to make the family car of the 1980's. But like all pathfinders in the world of technology, they will suffer the full brunt of the problems they are most likely to experience.
People rarely remember the originals, only the one's that perfected it...
Actually, this plunger was fine and didn't need any help other than with getting warm when he got out. This is my only photo for tonight. The remainder will be posted tomorrow night.
Polar Bear Plunge - 2014 - bks-6221
Humayun's tomb (Persian: آرامگاه همایون Maqbara e Humayun Turkish: Hümayun Kabri) is the tomb of the Mughal Emperor Humayun in Delhi, India. The tomb was commissioned by Humayun's son Akbar) in 1569-70, and designed by Mirak Mirza Ghiyas, a Persian architect chosen by Bega Begum. It was the first garden-tomb on the Indian subcontinent, and is located in Nizamuddin East, Delhi, India, close to the Dina-panah citadel also known as Purana Qila (Old Fort), that Humayun founded in 1533. It was also the first structure to use red sandstone at such a scale. The tomb was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993, and since then has undergone extensive restoration work, which is complete. Besides the main tomb enclosure of Humayun, several smaller monuments dot the pathway leading up to it, from the main entrance in the West, including one that even pre-dates the main tomb itself, by twenty years; it is the tomb complex of Isa Khan Niyazi, an Afghan noble in Sher Shah Suri's court of the Suri dynasty, who fought against the Mughals, constructed in 1547 CE.
The complex encompasses the main tomb of the Emperor Humayun, which houses the graves of Bega Begum herself, Hamida Begum, and also Dara Shikoh, great-great-grandson of Humayun and son of the later Emperor Shah Jahan, as well as numerous other subsequent Mughals, including Emperor Jahandar Shah, Farrukhsiyar, Rafi Ul-Darjat, Rafi Ud-Daulat and Alamgir II. It represented a leap in Mughal architecture, and together with its accomplished Charbagh garden, typical of Persian gardens, but never seen before in India, it set a precedent for subsequent Mughal architecture. It is seen as a clear departure from the fairly modest mausoleum of his father, the first Mughal Emperor, Babur, called Bagh-e Babur (Gardens of Babur) in Kabul (Afghanistan). Though the latter was the first Emperor to start the tradition of being buried in a paradise garden. Modelled on Gur-e Amir, the tomb of his ancestor and Asia's conqueror Timur in Samarkand, it created a precedent for future Mughal architecture of royal mausolea, which reached its zenith with the Taj Mahal, at Agra.
The site was chosen on the banks of Yamuna river, due to its proximity to Nizamuddin Dargah, the mausoleum of the celebrated Sufi saint of Delhi, Nizamuddin Auliya, who was much revered by the rulers of Delhi, and whose residence, Chilla Nizamuddin Auliya lies just north-east of the tomb. In later Mughal history, the last Mughal Emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar took refuge here, during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, along with three princes, and was captured by Captain Hodson before being exiled to Rangoon. At the time of the Slave Dynasty this land was under the 'Kilo Kheri Fort' which was capital of Sultan Kequbad, son of Nasiruddin (1268–1287).
The Tombs of Battashewala Complex lie in the buffer zone of the World Heritage Site of the Humayun Tomb Complex; the two complexes are separated by a small road but enclosed within their own separate compound walls.
HISTORY
After his death on 20 January 1556, Humayun's body was first buried in his palace in Purana Quila at Delhi. Thereafter it was taken to Sirhind, in Punjab by Khanjar Beg, because it was feared that Hindu king Hemu, who had defeated Mughal forces in Agra and Delhi in Oct. 1556 and captured Purana Quila, will damage the tomb. In 1558, it was seen by his son, the then Mughal Emperor, Akbar. Akbar subsequently visited the tomb when it was about to be completed in 1571. The tomb of Humayun was built by the orders of Akbar (3rd emperor of mughal empire), Humayun's first wife and chief consort, and begun in 1565, nine years after his death, and completed in 1572 AD at a cost of 1.5 million rupees at the time. Arnav Deorukhar, one of Humayun's wives, was also very helpful. The cost for building the mausoleum was paid entirely by Empress Bega Begum. When Humayun had died in 1556, Bega Begum was so grieved over her husband's death that she dedicated her life thenceforth to a sole purpose: the construction of the most magnificent mausoleum in the Empire, at a site near the Yamuna River in Delhi for the memorial of the late Emperor. According to Ain-i-Akbari, a 16th-century detailed document written during the reign of Akbar, Haji Begum supervised the construction of the tomb after returning from Mecca and undertaking the Hajj pilgrimage. Humayun to Abd al-Qadir Bada'uni, one of the few contemporary historians to mention its construction, the architect of the tomb was the Persian architect, Mirak Mirza Ghiyas (also referred to as Mirak Ghiyathuddin) who was brought from Herat (northwest Afghanistan), and had previously designed several buildings in Herat, Bukhara (now Uzbekistan), and others elsewhere in India. Ghiyas, to whom the mausoleum's exquisite design is attributed was chosen to be the architect by Empress Bega Begum. Unfortunately, before the structure's completion, he died and so his son Sayyed Muhammad ibn Mirak Ghiyathuddin completed his father's design in 1571. An English merchant, William Finch, who visited the tomb in 1611, describes the rich interior furnishing of the central chamber (in comparison to the sparse look today). He mentioned the presence of rich carpets, and a shamiana, a small tent above the cenotaph, which was covered with a pure white sheet and with copies of the Quran in front along with his sword, turban and shoes.
The fortunes of the once famous Charbagh (Four-square) gardens, which spread over 13 hectares surrounding the monument, changed repeatedly over the years after its construction. The capital had already shifted to Agra in 1556, and the decline of the Mughals accelerated the decay of the monument and its features, as the expensive upkeep of the garden proved impossible. By the early 18th century, the once lush gardens were replaced by vegetable garden of people who had settled within the walled area. However, the capture of the last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar during the Indian Rebellion of 1857 together with the premises, and his subsequent sentencing to exile, along with execution of his three sons, meant that the monument’s worst days lay ahead, as the British took over Delhi completely. In 1860, the Mughal design of the garden was replanted to a more English garden-style, with circular beds replacing the fours central water pools on the axial pathways and trees profusely planted in flowerbeds. This fault was corrected in early 20th century, when on Viceroy, Lord Curzon's orders the original garden were restored in a major restoration project between 1903–1909, which also included lining the plaster channels with sandstone; a 1915 planting scheme, added emphasis to the central and diagonal axis by lining it with trees, though some trees were also planted on the platform originally reserved for tents. The 1882, the Official curator of ancient monument in India, published his first report, which mentioned that the main garden was let out to various cultivators, amongst them till late were the royal descendants, who grew cabbage and tobacco in it.
During the Partition of India, in August 1947 the Purana Qila together with Humayun's Tomb, became major refugee camps for Muslims migrating to the newly founded Pakistan, and was later managed by the government of India. These camps stayed open for about five years, and caused considerable damage not only to the extensive gardens, but also to the water channels and the principle structures. Eventually, to avoid vandalism, the cenotaphs within the mausoleum were encased in brick. In the coming years, the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), took on responsibility for the preservation of heritage monuments in India, and gradually the building and its gardens were restored. Until 1985, four unsuccessful attempts were made to reinstate the original water features.
An important phase in the restoration of the complex, started around 1993, when the monument was declared a World Heritage Site. This brought new interest to its restoration, and a detailed research and excavation process began under the aegis of the Aga Khan Trust and the ASI, culminating in 2003, when much of the complex, and gardens were finally restored, with its historic fountains running once again after several centuries of disuse. The restoration has been a continuous process ever since, with subsequent phases addressing various aspects and monuments of the complex.
ARCHITECTURE
Turkish and Mughal rule in the Indian subcontinent, also introduced Central Asian and Persian styles of Islamic architecture in the region, and by the late 12th century early monuments in this style were appearing in and around Delhi, the capital of Delhi Sultanate. Starting with the Turkic Slave dynasty which built the Qutb Minar (1192 AD) and its adjacent Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque (1193 CE). North India was successive ruled foreign dynasties in the coming centuries giving rise to the Indo-Islamic architecture. While the prevailing style of architecture was trabeate, employing pillars, beams and lintels, this brought in the arcuate style of construction, with its arches and beams, which flourished under Mughal patronage and by incorporating elements of Indian architecture, especially Rajasthani architecture including decorative corbel brackets, balconies, pendentive decorations and indeed kiosks or chhatris, to developed a distinct, Mughal architecture style, which was to become a lasting legacy of the nearly four hundred years of the Mughal rule. The combination of red sandstone and white marble was previously seen in Delhi Sultanate period tombs and mosques, most distinctively in the highly decorative Alai Darwaza in the Qutub complex, Mehrauli, built in 1311 AD, under the Khilji dynasty. The high rubble built enclosure is entered through two lofty double-storeyed gateways on the west and south, 16 metres high with rooms on either side of the passage and a small courtyards on the upper floors. Six-sided stars that adorn the main gateway on the west, are also seen on the iwan of the main tomb structure, though it has been used as ornamental cosmic symbol. The mosque usually present alongside royal tombs, like the Taj, is conspicuously missing from the enclosure, which has only one other structure, the tomb of Emperor's favorite barber, now commonly known as Nai ka Gumbad (Dome-of-barber). The tomb built of rubble masonry and red sandstone, uses white marble as a cladding material and also for the flooring, lattice screens (jaalis), door frames, eaves (chhajja) and for the main dome. It stands on a vaulted terrace eight-metre high and spread over 12,000m². It is essentially square in design, though chamferred on the edges to appear octagonal, to prepare ground for the design of the interior structure. The plinth made with rubble core has fifty-six cells all around, and houses over 100 gravestones. Plus, the entire base structure is on a raised platform, a few steps high.Inspired by Persian architecture; the tomb reaches a height of 47 metres and is 91 metres wide, and was the first Indian building to use the Persian double dome on a high neck drum, and measures 42.5 metres, and is topped by 6 metres high brass finial ending in a crescent, common in Timurid tombs. The double or 'double-layered' dome, has its outer layer which supports the white marble exterior, while the inner part gives shape to the cavernous interior volume. As a contrast to the pure white exterior dome, rest of the building is made up of red sandstone, with white and black marble and yellow sandstone detailing, to relieve the monotony. The symmetrical and simple designed on the exterior is in sharp contrast with the complex interior floor plan, of inner chambers, which is a square 'ninefold plan', where eight two-storyed vaulted chambers radiate from the central, double-height domed chamber. It can be entered through an imposing entrance iwan (high arc) on the south, which is slightly recessed, while others sides are covered with intricate jaalis, stone lattice work. Underneath this white dome in a domed chamber (hujra), lies the central octagonal sepulcher, the burial chamber containing a single cenotaph, that of the second Mughal Emperor, Humayun aligned on the north-south axis, as per Islamic tradition, where in the head is placed to the north, while the face is turned sideways towards Mecca. The real burial chamber of the Emperor, however lies further away in an underground chamber, exactly beneath the upper cenotaph, accessible through a separate passage outside the main structure, which remains mostly closed to visiting public. This burial technique along with pietra dura, a marble and even stone inlay ornamentation in numerous geometrical and arabesque patterns, seen all around the facade is an important legacy of the Indo-Islamic architecture, and flourished in many later mausolea of the Mughal Empire, like the Taj Mahal, where again we find twin cenotaphs and exquisite 'pietra dura' craftsmanship. The main chamber also carries the symbolic element, a mihrab design over the central marble lattice or jaali, facing Mecca in the West, here instead of the traditional Surah 24, An-Noor of Quran which is inscribed on the mihrabs, this one is just an outline allowing light to enter directly into the chamber, from Qibla or the direction of Mecca, thus elevating the status of the Emperor, above his rivals and closer to divinity. This chamber with high ceiling is then encompassed by four main octagonal chambers on two floors, set at the diagonals with arched lobbies leading to them also connecting them, plus there are four auxiliary chambers in between suggesting that the tomb was built as a dynastic mausoleum. Collectively the concept of eight side chambers not only offers passage for circumambulation of the main cenotaph, a practice common in Sufism and also visible in many Mughal imperial mausoleums, it also the reflect the concept of Paradise in Islamic cosmology. Each of the main chambers has in turn eight more, smaller chambers radiating from them, and thus the symmetrical ground plan reveals itself to contain 124 vaulted chambers in all. Many smaller chambers too, contain cenotaphs of other members of the Mughal royal family and nobility, all within main walls of the tomb. Prominent among them cenotaphs of Hamida Begum herself, alongside Dara Shikoh. In all there are over 100 graves within the entire complex, including many on the first level terrace, earning it the name "Dormitory of the Mughals", since the graves are not inscribed their identification remains uncertain. The building was first to use its unique combination of red sandstone and white marble, and includes several elements of Indian architectural, like the small canopies, or chhatris surrounding the central dome, popular in Rajasthani architecture and which were originally covered with blue tiles.
CHAR BAGH GARDEN
While the main tomb took over eight years to build, it was also placed in centre of a 120,000 m2 Char Bagh Garden (Four Gardens), a Persian-style garden with quadrilateral layout and was the first of its kind in the South Asia region in such a scale. The highly geometrical and enclosed Paradise garden is divided into four squares by paved walkways (khiyabans) and two bisecting central water channels, reflecting the four rivers that flow in jannat, the Islamic concept of paradise. Each of the four square is further divided into smaller squares with pathways, creating into 36 squares in all, a design typical of later Mughal gardens. The central water channels appear to be disappearing beneath the tomb structure and reappearing on the other side in a straight line, suggesting the Quranic verse, which talks of rivers flowing beneath the 'Garden of Paradise'.
The entire tomb and the garden is enclosed within high rubble walls on three sides, the fourth side was meant to be the river Yamuna, which has since shifted course away from the structure. The central walkways, terminate at two gates: a main one in the southern wall, and a smaller one in the western wall. It has two double-storey entrances, the West gate which used now, while the South gate, which was used during Mughal era, now remains closed. Aligned at the centre on the eastern wall lies a baradari, literally a pavilion with twelve doors, which is a building or room with twelve doors designed to allow the free draught of air through it, finally on the northern wall lies a hammam, a bath chamber.
OTHER MONUMENTS
- Tomb and mosque of Isa Khan: Several monuments dot the pathway leading up to the tomb enclosure from the main entrance in the West. Prominent among them is one that pre-dates the main tomb itself, by twenty years. Constructed in 1547 CE, it is the tomb complex of Isa Khan Niyazi, an Afghan noble in Sher Shah Suri's court of the Suri dynasty, who fought against the Mughals. The octagonal tomb is positioned within an octagonal garden, which was built during his own lifetime and the reign of Islam Shah Suri, son of Sher Shah. It later served as a burial place for the entire family of Isa Khan. On the western side of the tomb lies a three-bay wide mosque, in red sandstone. The octagonal tomb bears a striking resemblance to other tombs of the Sur dynasty monuments in the Lodhi Gardens, in Delhi and demonstrates a marked progression in the development of the exquisite architectural style of the main tomb. Some of the architectural details present here were seen later in the main Humayun's tomb, though on a much grander scale, such as the tomb being placed in a walled garden enclosure.
- Bu Halima's Tomb and Garden: When entering the complex from the West, visitor's first enter a garden complex, known as Bu Halima's Garden, though little is known about her, and since the tomb or the raised platform where it once stood is not at the centre, it appears to be a later addition. Afsarwala Tomb and mosque: Standing southwest end of the complex, lies the Afsarwala tomb (Officer's Tomb) belonging to a nobleman (Afsar Indianized word for Officer) in Akbar's court. One of the marble graves inside the tomb is dated 1566-67 CE. The mosque itself can be dated to the same period judging from its siting, standing as it does adjacent to the tomb, rather than away from it.
- Araba Sarai: Literally meaning the sarai (resthouse) for the horses of Gari (vehicle), the structure stands adjacent to the Afsarwala mosque and was built by Bega Begum around 1560-1561 CE, ostensibly built for the craftsmen who came for the construction work. It could accommodate 300 Arabas.(in Persian ارابه means:Cart or Gari (vehicle)).
- Nila Gumbad: Standing outside the boundary of the complex is the tomb known as Nila Burj (now known as Nila Gumbad) or 'Blue Dome', so called because it carries striking blue glazed tiles. It was built by Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana, son of Bairam Khan also a courtier in Mughal Emperor, Akbar's court, for his servant Miyan Fahim. Fahim, who not only grew up with his son, but later also died alongside one of Rahim's own sons, Feroze Khan, while fighting against the rebellion of Mughal general Mahabat Khan in 1625/26, during the reign of Jahangir. This structure is known for its unique architecture, as it is octagonal on the outside while square within; its ceiling is decorated with painted and incised plaster, it has a high neck dome and shows a conspicuous absence of a double dome feature, common to tombs of the period.
- Chillah Nizamuddin Aulia: Believed to be the residence of patron saint of Delhi, Nizamuddin Auliya (d. 1325 A.D), is located just outside the main complex, near the northeastern corner of the principle mausoleum and is an example of Tughlaq period architecture.
Yet further away from the tomb complex, lie Mughal-period monuments, Bada Bateshewala Mahal, the tomb of Muzaffar Husain Mirza, the grand nephew of Humayun, built 1603-4 on platform with five arches on each side, has its interior walls decorated with incised and painted plaster; the Chote Bateshewala Mahal once an arcaded octagonal building with a domed ceiling and stone jaalis. Both these monument now lie inside a commercial area facing the complex's parking lot. Another period structure is Barapula, a bridge with 12 piers and 11 arched openings, built in 1621 by Mihr Banu Agha, the chief eunuch of Jahangir’s court.
- Barber's Tomb: Towards the south-east corner, within the 'char bagh' garden, lies a tomb known as Nai-ka-Gumbad, or Barber's Tomb, belonging to royal barber, it is datable to 1590-91 CE, through an inscription found inside. Its proximity to the main tomb and the fact that it is the only other structure within the main tomb complex suggests its importance, however there are no inscriptions suggesting as to who is interred therein, the name Barbers tomb is the local name of the structure, hence still in use. The tomb stands on a raised platform, reached by seven steps from the south, it has a square plan and consists of a single compartment covered with a double-dome. Inside lie two graves each inscribed with verses from the Quran. Also, one of the graves is inscribed with the figure 999 which may stand for the Hijra year 1590-91. However in an 1820 watercolour now at British Library, the Persian caption beneath the structure reads, Maqbarah-i-Kokah i.e. "Tomb of Kaka", and Kokah or Kaka in Persian stand for foster-brother (mirak brother), Mirak (a Persian title as sir) though the identity of the person remains unknown, and it might be (incorrectly) referring to another nearby monument in the Chausath Khamba complex, the tomb Ataga Khan, the foster brother of Humayun, which lies in Nizamuddin West area and not to the east of the Humayun's tomb.
RESTAURATION
Before the restoration work was undertaken, vandalism and illegal encroachments were rampant at the site of the tomb, presenting a serious danger to the preservation of this invaluable treasure. At the main entrance of Humayun’s Tomb, dingy stalls had been put up under a very corrupt system of municipal patronage known as tehbazari, and all sorts of heavy vehicles were allowed to be parked illegally in these open spaces. On the Nila Gumbad side was a huge citadel of India’s vote bank politics - thousands of ‘slum dwellers’ were kept by an influential section of the political leadership to serve as ‘bonded voters’ during elections. The environment of the dargah of Hazrat Nizamuddin Auliya had also been ruthlessly degraded and the holy tank had become a messy cesspool.Restoration work by the Aga Khan Trust for Culture (AKTC), in collaboration with Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), began around 1999 after research work, which started in 1997, and was completed in March 2003. Around 12 hectares of lawns were replanted, and over 2500 trees and plants, including mango, lemon, neem, hibiscus and jasmine cuttings, were planted in the gardens. Installation of a new water circulation system for the walkway channels was also undertaken. To ensure that water flowed naturally through the channels and pools on the 12-hectare site without the aid of hydraulic systems, the water channels were re-laid to an exacting grade of one centimetre every 40 metres (1:4000 slope). This eventually enabled water to flow through the watercourses in the gardens, and dormant fountains to start functioning once again. Other tasks in this mammoth restoration project included setting up a rainwater harvesting system using 128 ground water recharge pits, and desilting and revitalizing old wells that were discovered during the restoration work. This was first a privately funded collaborative effort under the aegis of the National Cultural Fund (NCF) by the ASI. Funding included a sum of $650,000 from the Aga Khan Trust for Culture of His Highness the Aga Khan, with help from the Oberoi Hotels Group. In addition, AKTC is conducting a more significant restoration at Babur's tomb, the resting place of Humayun's father in Kabul.
After the restoration work, the conditions in and around this complex underwent a sea-change. All the stalls and other intrusions were removed and the monuments and green spaces restored. Elegant gardens now surround the monuments, adding to their dignity and grace. When illuminated at night, the monument looks truly magnificent.
In 2009, as a part of the ongoing restoration work, the ASI and AKTC, after months of manual work using hand-tools, removed from the roof a thick layer of cement concrete that had been exerting pressure of about 1,102 tons on the structure. The cement concrete was originally laid in the 1920s to prevent water seepage, and led to a blockage in water passages. Subsequently, each time there was leakage, a fresh layer of cement was added, leading to an accumulated thickness of about 40 cm; this has now been replaced with a traditional lime-based roof layer. In the next phase, similar treatment was given to the tomb's first chabutra (plinth), which was originally paved with large blocks of quartzite stone, some weighing over a 1,000 kg. In the 1940s, an uneven settlement in the lower plinth had been corrected by covering it with a layer of concrete, adding to the disfigurement of the original Mughal flooring, which matched with that at the West Gate.
THE MAUSOLEUM TODAY
Ill thought out construction plans like The Delhi Government's plans in 2006/2007 to build a new tunnel to connect East Delhi to Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Delhi in South Delhi, and to widen the roads near the tomb for the 2010 Commonwealth Games to connect National Highway-24 with Lodhi Road, also posed a serious threat to the monument. Urban planners feared that the historic monument would not have been able to withstand the vibrations ensuing from the construction work in such close proximity. Finally, the Archaeological Survey of India was able to halt the plans. During his visit to India in November 2010, US President Barack Obama visited this site.
On 30 May 2014, the finial of the tomb was knocked off the dome by a heavy storm which struck the city.
WIKIPEDIA
South Vietnam - Help begins at the scene of the fighting. U.S. Marine Corps Private 1st Class James E. Herubin is helped to cover by a buddy after being struck in the shin by a sniper's round during combat. [Relief of sick and wounded.] [Soldiers.] [Vietnam War]
07/22/1967; USN K-0039890; by JOC E.J. Filtz
Navy Medicine Historical Files Collection - Subject series - Vietnam - Ground evacuation
09-7975-026
Print color 8X10
Help I created a light painting monster! From not wanting to do any light painting to being out of control.
Taken during last night's raging storm from hell.
Village Maheshpur, Balrampur Block, Dist, Surguja, Chhattisgarh, INDIA. .Mothers helps their children to eat mid-day meal at Fulwari (Day care Centre for children and pregnant women). To address malnutrition among adivasi population in Sarguja district in Chhattisgarh, the district administration partnered with the gram panchayat (local self-government) and State Health Systems Resource Centre (an autonomous body of the Department of Health and Family Welfare) to start community-managed crèches in the district for children aged 6-36 months to provide two hot cooked meals daily to the children as well as pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers of infants aged 0-6 months. Locally called fulwaris, the formation and functioning of community crèches rest on community participation. The community also decides the place for setting up the fulwari, which is usually part of a house of a resident, voluntarily given for this purpose. Fulwaris are manned and managed by a group of mothers whose children attend the crèche, supported by the mitanin, who plays a crucial role in bringing the group of mothers together. UNICEF India/2014/Dhiraj Singh...
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Day 1 of Summer Break: I broke my Airsoft sniper, now I have something to work on... Damn slam firing!
Anybody know how to fix??
EDIT: I fixed it!
Help me pick my new glasses! This pair is black, with a pink inner trim, and gunmetal arms. Both are the same sort of style that suits my face.
Vote for your favourite pair in the comments.
i don't even know...i was just mucking around with colours and those feet. Also testing out lighting.
He just wants a hug!
Built in 1912-1913, this Arts and Crafts-style hotel was designed by Fred Loring Seeley for Edwin Wiley Grove, and is known as the Grove Park Inn. Edwin Wiley Grove, whom had made his fortune selling Grove's Chill Tonic, used to help relieve symptoms brought on by malaria that was then endemic to the southern and midwestern United States, manufactured by his company, the Paris Medicine Company, which originated in Paris, Tennessee, before moving its operations to the larger city of St. Louis, Missouri. Grove had a summer house in Asheville, built circa 1897, prior to the construction of the inn, with Fred Loring Seeley, his son-in-law and business partner, having spent extensive time in the area with Grove and his wife, Evelyn Grove Seeley. The land upon which the hotel and nearby Kimberly Avenue neighborhood was later built was purchased by Grove in 1910, acquiring land all the way to the top of Sunset Mountain, as well as several tuberculosis sanatariums that Grove closed and demolished in order to change the reputation of Asheville’s health-focused resorts. Part of the land, atop Sunset Mountain, later became home to Seeley’s Castle, a large, Tudor Revival-style castle-like mansion built similarly of rough stone, and also designed by Seeley, but featuring more medieval appearance. The hotel went through several designs by various professional architects before Grove settled upon a design by Fred Loring Seeley, which featured a simple facade clad in rough granite stones, with a shingled cotswold cottage-style roof with dormers and curved edges, casement windows, and an all-concrete interior structure. The interior of the building was outfitted with Arts and Crafts furnishings and finishes designed and built by Roycrofters, a firm based in East Aurora, New York, and was opened in a ceremony with William Jennings Bryan as the keynote speaker. The hotel featured a large dining room in the northwest wing, with a tile floor and simple plaster walls, which sat next to the hotel’s original service wing, which housed the kitchen, laundry, and other service areas, a large Great Hall, serving as a lobby and lounge, in the center wing, with stone columns and massive stone fireplaces, a plaster ceiling, and a tile floor, and guest rooms on the upper floors, with a large atrium, known as the Palm Court, directly above the Great Hall, and four stories in height, crowned with a large skylight. The hotel was marketed as a health-conscious retreat for wealthy visitors. The hotel has hosted former United States Presidents William Howard Taft, Woodrow Wilson, Calvin Coolidge, Herbert Hoover, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, and Barack Obama in its over century-long history. The hotel was utilized during World War II to house diplomats from the Axis Powers, and later by the US Navy as a rest and rehabilitation center for returning sailors, and in 1944-45, as a US Army Redistribution Station, where soldiers rested before being assigned duties in other parts of the army. Following World War II, contingency plans in the event of a nuclear attack on the United States involved moving the US Supreme Court to the Hotel, as Asheville sat far inland in the midst of the Blue Ridge Mountains, a far more defensible location than many major cities, and had very little strategic value compared to most cities of its size. In 1955, the hotel was purchased by Sammons Enterprises, owned by Charles Sammons, and underwent a modernization, seeing the stone columns in the lobby stripped and clad in aqua-colored vinyl wallpaper, the addition of a pool to the southeast terrace, a large two-story concrete motel structure that sat southeast of the hotel along the hillside, and later, the addition of a wing to the southwest, which appears to have only lasted about a decade and a half before being demolished. In 1976, the Sammons family purchased the adjacent Asheville Country Club and Golf Course, before embarking on a major renovation and expansion of the hotel between 1982 and 1988, with the addition of the massive Vanderbilt Wing and Sammons Wing on the south facade of the building, obscuring the original service wing, northwest wing, and heavily altering the hotel’s appearance with their white EIFS-clad facades, postmodern rooflines based on the original hotel, bands of horizontal and vertical black-tinted glass curtain walls, and minimal usage of rough stone. The Sammons Wing contains conference spaces, a parking garage, and service areas for the hotel, with guest rooms along the southern and western edges of the building, with the Vanderbilt Wing containing hotel rooms along the southern and eastern edges of the building, wrapping around a central parking garage, and also containing a large multi-story atrium and restaurants. The original wing of the hotel was restored as part of this project, with the columns in the lobby being clad in oak surrounds, the stonework and roof being repaired, the palm court being brought back to its original appearance, and furnishings from the period of significance for the hotel being re-introduced to the interior. Around the turn of the millennium, the grounds in front of the historic inn and between the two modern wings was re-landscaped with waterfalls, terraces, and gardens, with a new Spa building being constructed below the hotel, partially underground, between the two wings, with the two previous swimming pools on the hotel grounds being closed at this time. In 2012, the hotel was purchased by KSL Resorts for $120 million, whom subsequently sold it to Omni Hotels in 2013, with the hotel being rebranded as The Omni Grove Park Inn. The hotel was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, though this would not have been possible following the massive alterations the building underwent in the 1980s, as the renovations have significantly and irreversibly altered the historic hotel, and have removed several character-defining features, though this is understandable in that it was done to keep the hotel economically viable in the modern age of larger resorts and economies of scale, which made the hotel in its previous form no longer economically viable.
Remembrance Sunday, 8 November 2015
In the United Kingdom, Remembrance Sunday is held on the second Sunday in November, which is the Sunday nearest to 11 November, Armistice Day, the anniversary of the end of hostilities in the First World War at 11 a.m. on 11 November 1918. Remembrance Sunday is held to commemorate the contribution of British and Commonwealth military and civilian servicemen and women in the two World Wars and later conflicts.
Remembrance Sunday is marked by ceremonies at local war memorials in most cities, towns and villages, attended by civic dignitaries, ex-servicemen and -women, members of local armed forces regular and reserve units, military cadet forces and uniformed youth organisations. Two minutes’ silence is observed at 11 a.m. and wreaths of remembrance poppies are then laid on the memorials.
The United Kingdom national ceremony is held in London at the Cenotaph in Whitehall. Wreaths are laid by Queen Elizabeth II, principal members of the Royal Family normally including the Duke of Edinburgh, the Prince of Wales, the Duke of Cambridge, the Duke of York, the Princess Royal, the Earl of Wessex and the Duke of Kent, the Prime Minister, leaders of the other major political parties, the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, Commonwealth High Commissioners and representatives from the Royal Navy, Army and Royal Air Force, the Merchant Navy and Fishing Fleets and the civilian services, and veterans’ groups. Two minutes' silence is held at 11 a.m., before the laying of the wreaths. This silence is marked by the firing of a field gun on Horse Guards Parade to begin and end the silence, followed by Royal Marines buglers sounding Last Post.
The parade consists mainly of an extensive march past by veterans, with military bands playing music following the list of the Traditional Music of Remembrance.
Other members of the British Royal Family watch from the balcony of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office.
After the ceremony, a parade of veterans and other related groups, organised by the Royal British Legion, marches past the Cenotaph, each section of which lays a wreath as it passes. Only ticketed participants can take part in the march past.
From 1919 until the Second World War remembrance observance was always marked on 11 November itself. It was then moved to Remembrance Sunday, but since the 50th anniversary of the end of the Second World War in 1995, it has become usual to hold ceremonies on both Armistice Day and Remembrance Sunday.
Each year, the music at the National Ceremony of Remembrance remains the same, following a programme finalised in 1930:
Rule, Britannia! by Thomas Arne
Heart of Oak by William Boyce
The Minstrel Boy by Thomas Moore
Men of Harlech
The Skye Boat Song
Isle of Beauty by Thomas Haynes Bayly
David of the White Rock
Oft in the Stilly Night by John Stevenson
Flowers of the Forest
Nimrod from the Enigma Variations by Edward Elgar
Dido's lament by Henry Purcell
O Valiant Hearts by Charles Harris
Solemn Melody by Walford Davies
Last Post – a bugle call
Beethoven's Funeral March No. 1, by Johann Heinrich Walch
O God, Our Help in Ages Past – words by Isaac Watts, music by William Croft
Reveille – a bugle call
God Save The Queen
Other pieces of music are then played during the march past and wreath laying by veterans, starting with Trumpet Voluntary and followed by It's A Long Way To Tipperary, the marching song of the Connaught Rangers, a famous British Army Irish Regiment of long ago.
The following is complied from press reports on 8 November 2015:
"The nation paid silent respect to the country's war dead today in a Remembrance Sunday service. Leading the nation in remembrance, as ever, was the Queen, who first laid a wreath at the Cenotaph in 1945 and has done so every year since, except on the four occasions when she was overseas.
Dressed in her customary all-black ensemble with a clutch of scarlet poppies pinned against her left shoulder, she stepped forward following the end of the two-minute silence marked by the sounding of Last Post by 10 Royal Marine buglers.
The Queen laid her wreath at the foot of the Sir Edwin Lutyens Portland stone monument to the Glorious Dead, then stood with her head momentarily bowed.
She was joined by King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands, who was invited to the Cenotaph for the first time to lay a wreath marking the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the Netherlands by British troops.
Watched by his wife Queen Maxima, who stood next to the Duchess of Cambridge in the Royal Box, the King laid a wreath marked with the simple message, 'In remembrance of the British men and women who gave their lives for our future.'
Wreaths were then laid by members of the Royal Family, all wearing military uniform: Prince Philip; then Prince Andrew, Prince Harry and Prince William at the same time ; then Prince Edward, Princess Anne and the Duke of Kent at the same time.
Three members of the Royal Family laying wreaths at the same time was an innovation in 2015 designed to slightly reduce the amount of time of the ceremony and thereby reduce the time that the Queen had to be standing.
Prince Charles attended a remembrance service in New Zealand.
The Prime Minister then laid a wreath. The Leader of the Opposition and Leader of the Labour Party, Jeremy Corbyn, appeared at the Cenotaph for the first time. He wore both a suit and a red poppy for the occasion.
His bow as he laid a wreath marked with the words 'let us resolve to create a world of peace' was imperceptible – and not enough for some critics. Yet unlike the 75th anniversary of the Battle of Battle service earlier this year, Mr Corbyn did join in with the singing of the national anthem.
Following the end of the official service at the Cenotaph, a mammoth column more than 10,000-strong (some 9,000 of whom were veterans) began marching along Whitehall, saluting the Cenotaph as they passed, Parliament Street, Great George Street, Horse Guards Road and back to Horse Guard Parade. The Duke of Cambridge took the salute from the column on Horse Guards Parade.
Time takes its inevitable toll on even the most stoic among us, and this year only a dozen World War Two veterans marched with the Spirit of Normandy Trust, a year after the Normandy Veterans' Association disbanded.
Within their ranks was 95-year-old former Sapper Don Sheppard of the Royal Engineers. Sheppard was of the eldest on parade and was pushed in his wheelchair by his 19-year-old grandson, Sam who, in between studying at Queen Mary University, volunteers with the Normandy veterans.
'It is because of my admiration for them,' he says. 'I see them as role models and just have the utmost respect for what they did.'
While some had blankets covering their legs against the grey November day, other veterans of more recent wars had only stumps to show for their service to this country during 13 long years of war in Afghanistan.
As well as that terrible toll of personal sacrifice, the collective losses – and triumphs - of some of the country’s most historic regiments were also honoured yesterday.
The Gurkha Brigade Association - marking 200 years of service in the British Army – marched to warm ripples of applause. The King’s Royal Hussars, represented yesterday by 126 veterans, this year also celebrate 300 years since the regiment was raised.
They were led by General Sir Richard Shirreff, former Deputy Supreme Allied Commander of Nato and Colonel of the regiment who himself was marching for the first time.
'We are joined by a golden thread to all those generations who have gone before us,” he said. “We are who we are, because of those that have gone before us.' "
Cenotaph Ceremony & March Past - 8 November 2015
Summary of Contingents
Column Number of marchers
B (Lead) 1,754
C 1,298
D 1,312
E 1,497
F 1,325
A 1,551
Ex-Service Total 8,737
M (Non ex-Service) 1,621
Total 10,358
Column B
Marker Detachment Number
1 Reconnaissance Corps 18 Anniversary
2 43rd Reconnaissance Regiment Old Comrades Assoc 10
3 3rd Regiment Royal Horse Artillery Association 60
4 Royal Artillery Association 18
5 Royal Engineers Association 37
6 Royal Engineers Bomb Disposal Association 65 Anniversary
7 Airborne Engineers Association 24
8 Royal Signals Association 48
9 Army Air Corps Association 42
10 Royal Army Service Corps & Royal Corps Transport Assoc 54
11 RAOC Association 18
12 Army Catering Corps Association 48
13 Royal Pioneer Corps Association 54 Anniversary
14 Royal Army Medical Corps Association 36
15 Royal Electrical & Mechanical Engineers Association 48
16 Royal Military Police Association 100
17 The RAEC and ETS Branch Association 12
18 Royal Army Pay Corps Regimental Association 36
19 Royal Army Veterinary Corps & Royal Army Dental Corps 18
20 Royal Army Physical Training Corps 24
21 Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps Assoc 48
22 Royal Scots Dragoon Guards 30
23 Royal Dragoon Guards 78
24 Queen's Royal Hussars (The Queen's Own & Royal Irish) 12
25 Kings Royal Hussars Regimental Association 126
26 16/5th Queen's Royal Lancers 36
27 17/21 Lancers 30
28 The Royal Lancers 24 New for 2015
29 JLR RAC Old Boys' Association 30
30 Association of Ammunition Technicians 24
31 Beachley Old Boys Association 36
32 Arborfield Old Boys Association 25
33 Gallipoli & Dardenelles International 24
34 Special Observers Association 24
35 The Parachute Squadron Royal Armoured Corps 24 New
36 Intelligence Corps Association 48
37 Women's Royal Army Corps Association 120
38 656 Squadron Association 24
39 Home Guard Association 9
40 British Resistance Movement (Coleshill Research Team) 12
41 British Limbless Ex-Service Men's Association 48
42 British Ex-Services Wheelchair Sports Association 24
43 Royal Hospital Chelsea 30
44 Queen Alexandra's Hospital Home for Disabled Ex-Servicemen & Women 30
45 The Royal Star & Garter Homes 20
46 Combat Stress 48
Total 1,754
Column C
Marker Detachment Number
1 Royal Air Force Association 150
2 Royal Air Force Regiment Association 300
3 Royal Air Forces Ex-Prisoner's of War Association 20
4 Royal Observer Corps Association 75 Anniversary
5 National Service (Royal Air Force) Association 42
6 RAFLING Association 24
7 6 Squadron (Royal Air Force) Association 18
8 7 Squadron Association 25
9 8 Squadron Association 24
10 RAF Habbaniya Association 25
11 Royal Air Force & Defence Fire Services Association 30
12 Royal Air Force Mountain Rescue Association 30
13 Units of the Far East Air Force 28 New
14 Royal Air Force Yatesbury Association 16
15 Royal Air Force Airfield Construction Branch Association 12
16 RAFSE(s) Assoc 45 New
17 Royal Air Force Movements and Mobile Air Movements Squadron Association (RAF MAMS) 24
18 Royal Air Force Masirah & Salalah Veterans Assoc 24 New
19 WAAF/WRAF/RAF(W) 25
19 Blenheim Society 18
20 Coastal Command & Maritime Air Association 24
21 Air Sea Rescue & Marine Craft Sections Club 15
22 Federation of RAF Apprentice & Boy Entrant Assocs 150
23 Royal Air Force Air Loadmasters Association 24
24 Royal Air Force Police Association 90
25 Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service Association 40
Total 1,298
Column D
Marker Detachment Number
1 Not Forgotten Association 54
2 Stoll 18
3 Ulster Defence Regiment 72
4 Army Dog Unit Northern Ireland Association 48
5 North Irish Horse & Irish Regiments Old Comrades Association 78
6 Northern Ireland Veterans' Association 40
7 Irish United Nations Veterans Association 12
8 ONET UK 10
9 St Helena Government UK 24
10 South Atlantic Medal Association 196
11 SSAFA 37
12 First Aid Nursing Yeomanry (Princess Royal's Volunteers Corps) 12
13 Association of Jewish Ex-Servicemen & Women 48
14 British Nuclear Test Veterans Association 48
15 War Widows Association 132
16 Gurkha Brigade Association 160 Anniversary
17 British Gurkha Welfare Society 100 Anniversary
18 West Indian Association of Service Personnel 18
19 Trucial Oman Scouts Association 18
20 Bond Van Wapenbroeders 35
21 Polish Ex-Combatants Association in Great Britain 25
22 Stowarzyszenie Polskich Kombatantów Limited 18 New
23 Royal Hong Kong Regiment Association 12
24 Canadian Veterans Association 10
25 Hong Kong Ex-Servicemen's Association (UK Branch) 24
26 Hong Kong Military Service Corps 28
27 Foreign Legion Association 24
28 Undivided Indian Army Ex Servicemen Association 11 New
Total 1,312
Column E
Marker Detachment Number
1 Royal Marines Association 198
2 Royal Naval Association 150
3 Merchant Navy Association 130
4 Sea Harrier Association 24
5 Flower Class Corvette Association 18
6 HMS Andromeda Association 18
7 HMS Argonaut Association 30
8 HMS Bulwark, Albion & Centaur Association 25
9 HMS Cumberland Association 18
10 HMS Ganges Association 48
11 HMS Glasgow Association 30
12 HMS St Vincent Association 26
13 HMS Tiger Association 25
14 Algerines Association 20
15 Ton Class Association 24
16 Type 42 Association 48
17 Queen Alexandra's Royal Naval Nursing Service 36
18 Association of WRENS 90
19 Royal Fleet Auxiliary Association 10
20 Royal Naval Communications Association 30
21 Royal Naval Medical Branch Ratings & Sick Berth Staff Association 24
22 Royal Naval Benevolent Trust 18
23 Yangtze Incident Association 24
24 Special Boat Service Association 6
25 Submariners Association 30
26 Association of Royal Yachtsmen 30
27 Broadsword Association 36
28 Aircraft Handlers Association 36
29 Aircrewmans Association 40 Anniversary
30 Cloud Observers Association 10
31 The Fisgard Association 40
32 Fleet Air Arm Armourers Association 36
33 Fleet Air Arm Association 25
34 Fleet Air Arm Bucaneer Association 24
35 Fleet Air Arm Field Gun Association 24
36 Fleet Air Arm Junglie Association 18
37 Fleet Air Arm Officers Association 30
38 Fleet Air Arm Safety Equipment & Survival Association 24
39 Royal Navy School of Physical Training 24
Total 1,497
Column F
Marker Detachment Number
1 Blind Veterans UK 198
2 Far East Prisoners of War 18
3 Burma Star Association 40
4 Monte Cassino Society20
5 Queen's Bodyguard of The Yeoman of The Guard 18
6 Pen and Sword Club 15
7 TRBL Ex-Service Members 301
8 The Royal British Legion Poppy Factory 4
9 The Royal British Legion Scotland 24
10 Officers Association 5
11 Black and White Club 18
12 National Pigeon War Service 30
13 National Service Veterans Alliance 50
14 Gallantry Medallists League 46
15 National Malaya & Borneo Veterans Association 98
16 National Gulf Veterans & Families Association 30
17 Fellowship of the Services 100
18 Memorable Order of Tin Hats 24
19 Suez Veterans Association 50
20 Aden Veterans Association 72
21 1st Army Association 36
22 Showmens' Guild of Great Britain 40
23 Special Forces Club 12
24 The Spirit of Normandy Trust 28
25 Italy Star Association, 1943-1945, 48
Total 1,325
Column A
Marker Detachment Number
1 1LI Association 36
2 Royal Green Jackets Association 198
3 Parachute Regimental Association 174
4 King's Own Scottish Borderers 60
5 Black Watch Association 45
6 Gordon Highlanders Association 60
7 Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders Regimental Association 12
8 Queen's Own Highlanders Regimental Association 48
9 London Scottish Regimental Association 30
10 Grenadier Guards Association 48
11 Coldstream Guards Association 48
12 Scots Guards Association 48
13 Guards Parachute Association 36
14 4 Company Association (Parachute Regiment) 24
15 Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment 72
16 Royal East Kent Regiment (The Buffs) Past & Present Association 30
17 Prince of Wales' Leinster Regiment (Royal Canadians) Regimental Association 24
18 Royal Hampshire Regiment Comrades Association 14
19 The Royal Hampshire Regimental Club 24 New for 2015
20 Royal Northumberland Fusiliers 48 New
21 Royal Sussex Regimental Association 12
22 Green Howards Association 24
23 Cheshire Regiment Association 24
24 Sherwood Foresters & Worcestershire Regiment 36
25 Mercian Regiment Association 30
26 Special Air Service Regimental Association 4
27 The King's Own Royal Border Regiment 100
28 The Staffordshire Regiment 48
29 Rifles Regimental Association 40
30 The Rifles & Royal Gloucestershire, Berkshire & Wiltshire Regimental Association 30
31 Durham Light Infantry Association 60
32 King's Royal Rifle Corps Association 50
33 King's African Rifles 14 New for 2015
Total 1,551
Column M
Marker Detachment Number
1 Transport For London 48
2 Children of the Far East Prisoners of War 60
3 First Aid Nursing Yeomanry (Princess Royal's Volunteers Corps) 24
4 Munitions Workers Association18
5 Evacuees Reunion Association48
6 TOC H 20
7 Salvation Army 36
8 Naval Canteen Service & Expeditionary Force Institutes Association 12 Previously NAAFI
9 Royal Voluntary Service 24
10 Civil Defence Association 8
11 National Association of Retired Police Officers 36
12 Metropolitan Special Constabulary 36
13 London Ambulance Service NHS Trust 36
14 London Ambulance Service Retirement Association 18
15 St John Ambulance 36
16 British Red Cross 12
17 St Andrew's Ambulance Association 6
18 The Firefighters Memorial Trust 24
19 Royal Ulster Constabulary (GC) Association 36
20 Ulster Special Constabulary Association 30
21 Commonwealth War Graves Commission 12
22 Daniel's Trust 36
23 Civilians Representing Families 180
24 Royal Mail Group Ltd 24
25 Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals 24
26 The Blue Cross 24
27 PDSA 24
28 HM Ships Glorious Ardent & ACASTA Association 24 Anniversary
29 Old Cryptians' Club 12
30 Fighting G Club 18 Anniversary
31 Malayan Volunteers Group 12
32 Gallipoli Association 18
33 Ministry of Defence 20
34 TRBL Non Ex-Service Members 117
35 TRBL Women's Section 20
36 Union Jack Club 12
37 Western Front Association 8
38 Shot at Dawn Pardons Campaign 18
39 Royal Antediluvian Order of Buffaloes 24
40 National Association of Round Tables 24
41 Lions Club International 24
42 Rotary International 24
43 41 Club 6
44 Equity 12
45 Romany & Traveller Society 18
46 Sea Cadet Corps 30
47 Combined Cadet Force 30
48 Army Cadet Force 30
49 Air Training Corps 30
50 Scout Association 30
51 Girlguiding London & South East England 30
52 Boys Brigade 30
53 Girls Brigade England & Wales 30
54 Church Lads & Church Girls Brigade 30
55 Metropolitan Police Volunteer Police Cadets 18
56 St John Ambulance Cadets 18
57 YMCA 12
Total 1,621
2-16-08
My name is Lori Zarlenga- Blaquiere. I was born on September 14, 1961 in the state of Rhode Island. I am writing to you for your immediate help. My life is in immediate danger from orders issued by President George W. Bush and Rhode Island Governor Donald Carcieri to
assassinate/murder me. You can contact me at my email LoriZarlenga@gmail.com and
my space.com/lorizz Also, you can find me on “google” by entering my name as keyword. My case is legitimate. Please do not disregard my case.
I have evidence and tapes on top officials and law enforcement among others to support my
claims. The current Rhode Island Senators Sheldon Whitehouse , Senator Jack Reed and former Senator Lincoln Chafee, among others are covering up and will not help me.
I posted a diary on the Daily Kos website on August 12, 2007 with regard to my life being in immediate danger from orders issued by President George W. Bush and Rhode Island Governor Donald Carcieri to assassinate/murder me.
I continued to stay on the Daily Kos website until sometime after 5:00 am and received
comments from the Daily Kos members community. The Daily Kos has over 1 million
members on their website.
On August 12, 2007, I was uploading exhibits, photos, and evidence to the Daily Kos members that support my claims against the United States Government et al.
On August 12, 2007 at approximately between 5:00 am & 6:00 am a West Warwick
Police officer came out to my house at 101 Border Street West Warwick, R.I. and violently banged at the doors at my house and continued to violently bang at the doors of my house for a long period of time in a terrorizing manner. The West Warwick Police Officer was given orders to stop me from getting the truth out to the American public .
I Lori Ann Zarlenga state that on August 21, 2007, a West Warwick Police vehicle came
up behind the vehicle where I was located in the back seat with my 5 year
old granddaughter and my mother Victoria Zarlenga who was seated on the passenger
side and my son Michael Zarlenga who was driving the vehicle on Cowesett Avenue
West Warwick, R.I.
I Lori Ann Zarlenga state that the police officers proceeded to get out of their police
vehicles with their guns drawn and aimed at the vehicle where I was located in the back
seat of the vehicle along with my 5 year old granddaughter, my mother and son .
The Coventry police, East Greenwich Police, the Rhode Island State Police, and the West
Warwick Police were on the scene.
I Lori Ann Zarlenga state that a West Warwick Police Officer pulled me out of the
vehicle where I was located in the back seat near my 5 year old granddaughter, with my
mother and son in the front seat of the vehicle.
I Lori Ann Zarlenga state that the Police proceeded to slam me to the ground and force
handcuffs on me and force me in the back seat of the West Warwick Police Vehicle.
I repeatedly asked the West Warwick Police Officer why the police forced handcuffs on
me and forced me in the back seat of the police vehicle, but the West Warwick Police
Officer repeatedly ignored me.
I continued to ask the West Warwick Police Officer why the police forced handcuffs on
me and forced me in the back seat of the police vehicle, he then stated to me that he was
trying to protect me .
While I was in the West Warwick Police vehicle, I observed police officers saluting to
each other with regard to capturing me.
While I was in the back seat of the West Warwick Police vehicle, a West Warwick Police
Officer asked me if I was injured and if I needed to go to the hospital inorder to lure me
into consenting to go to the hospital.
I stated to the West Warwick Police officer that I did not need to go to the hospital.
The West Warwick Police Officer told me that the fire rescue was going to take me to the
hospital for a psych evaluation.
I stated to the West Warwick Police officer that I did not want to go to the hospital and
that I did not need a pych evaluation. However, the West Warwick Police Officer told me
that I had to get into the Fire Rescue and go to the hospital. As a result, I had no other
choice but be taken by fire rescue to Kent County Memorial Hospital for a psych
evaluation without my consent.
My mother told me that the police officers apologized to her and stated to my mother
that they made a mistake .
I was subsequently taken by ambulance and transferred
to Land mark Medical Center without my consent and held hostage in lock down mental
health unit against my will. All of the evidence that was in my favor was ignored
by the doctors, social workers, and psychiatrist at Kent County Memorial Hospital and
Landmark Medical Center. The doctors, social workers, and psychiatrist at Kent County
Memorial Hospital and Land mark Medical Center manipulated and skewed the true facts
to cause me harm in connection with helping law enforcement and United States
Government from preventing me from exposing the truth to the American people and
my case continuing on Appeal with regard to the criminal acts committed by law
enforcement and the United States Government.
My Mother stated to the psychiatrist and nurses at Landmark Medical Center that I was
not delusional or paranoid and that I have never been a danger to myself or others and
that I have no history of mental health, and that I have never had a history of being
prescribed psychiatric medication and that I did not need psychiatric medication
my complaints against law enforcement are legitimate.
However, Dr. Elahi disregarded my mother statements and proceeded to contact his lawyer to
discuss whether or not he should discharge me, despite all evidence in my favor.
My family member stated to me that nurses at Landmark Medial Center made
statements about being disgusted with Dr. Shahid Elahi for consulting with his lawyer
with regard to whether or not to discharge me and delaying my discharge.
The nurses at Landmark Medical Center stated to me that I did not belong at Landmark
Medical Center Mental Health Unit
I have never had a history of mental illness.
On September 4, 2007, I was discharged from Landmark Medical Center.
I have never had a history of being targeted by the United States Government, Federal
and State law enforcement, among others prior to my L-tryptophan lawsuit.
In August of 2007, I had an Appeal pending in the First Circuit United States Court of
Appeals with regard to my December 7, 2006 Complaint against the United States
Government et al. As a result, of being held hostage in the hospital from August 21, 2007
to September of 2007, along with intimidation from law enforcement, among others in
connection with the United States Government I was unable to respond important
deadlines set by the First Circuit United States Court of Appeals . As a result, my Appeal with the First Circuit United States Court of Appeals is in default/dismissed for lack of
diligent prosecution.
As a result of my ingestion of contaminated L-tryptophan manufactured by Showa
Denko K.K., I developed a disease Eosinphilia Myalgia Syndrome. There are
approximately 5,000 people who ingested contaminated L-tryptophan
manufactured by Showa Denko K.K., and developed a disease Eosinphilia Myalgia
Syndrome. There maybe more unreported cases of Eosinphilia Myalgia
Syndrome caused by ingestion of contaminated L-tryptophan .
The L-tryptophan problem is the fault of the FDA due to lack of enforcement of 172.320,
among other violations of the FDA rules. Therefore, the FDA permitted the continued
illegal use of L-tryptophan.
If the FDA had enforced action against Showa Denko K.K., for violation of the FDA
rules mentioned herein, then L-tryptophan would not have been on the market and sold
to the American Public and caused death and illnesses associated with the sales of L-
tryptophan .
On October 25, 1995, I filed a products liability lawsuit against the Defendants
Showa Denko, K.K., Showa Denko America, Inc. General Nutrition Centers (GNC), et al. in
the State of Rhode Island Superior Court.
My case was transferred to Rhode Island District Court, (Blaquiere v. Showa Denko, K.K.,
Showa Denko America, Inc. General Nutrition Centers (GNC), et al., C.A.No.1:95-629 ).
My case was subsequently transferred for discovery to (MDL) United States District Court
Columbia, South Carolina, C. A. No. 3:96-361-0.
My case (Blaquiere v. Showa Denko, K.K., Showa Denko America, Inc. General
Nutrition Centers (GNC), et al., (C.A.No.1:95-629 ) was remanded to Rhode Island
District Court in 2003.
I hired a lawyer Dennis S. Mackin in 2000/2001 who used my case to file discovery
motions in the(MDL) United States District Court Columbia, South Carolina, (C. A. No. 3:96-
361-0), damaging to the defendant ShowaDenkoK.K.,their lawyers,Cleary,Gottlieb,Steen,and
Hamilton, and the United States Government.
My former lawyer Dennis Mackin was paid off to withdraw from my case and to
not go forward with the discovery motions and depositions damaging to Showa
Denko K.K., their lawyers, and the United States Government.
The discovery sought in my case that my former attorney Dennis Mackin filed in 2001 in the(MDL) United States District Court Columbia, South Carolina, (C. A. No. 3:96-361-0) was to demonstrate that Showa Denko K.K. and its attorneys have been involved in a continuing conspiracy to not only circumvent the discovery process, but to manipulate any scientific examination of Showa Denko K.K.’s reckless and wanton conduct”.
The United States Government wiretapped my phones, hacked my computers, surviellanced me during my L-tryptophan litigation and to the present. The United States Government obstructed justice, unlawfully sabotage my case inside and outside of the court system at every level.
My former attorney Dennis Mackin stated in his October 12, 2001 Reply of Plaintiff to Defendant's Motion to Qaush Deposition of Kenneth Rabin , that "additional questions must be answered about political pressure brought to bear upon members of the South Carolina Congressional delegation."" What information was given to Senator Thurmond, Senator Hollings and Congressman Ravenell?"
Documents made by Showa Denko K.K. included a budget attached to their public
relation scheme which was an amount determined for congressional
contracts, including the South Carolina delegation which was for 16, 000.00.
My former attorney Dennis Mackin stated in his motions that, “ The research of
this Eosinophilia Myalgia Syndrome has been twisted by the endless
manipulations by Showa Denko K.K and their lawyers,Cleary,Gottlieb,Steen,and
Hamilton and their confederates”. “ Worst of all, the scientific literature now
contains representations by shills for Showa Denko K.K. that will cause erroneous
medical science in the future”.
The United States Government is involved in the cover up .
My former attorney Dennis Mackin informed me that a promoter of an EMS
support group was being surveillanced and that anyone that who was viewed as a
threat was being surveillanced and intelligence was gathered .
The defendant Showa Denko K.K. a corrupt corporate giant, their corrupt lawyers,
and the United States Government conspired with all the courts at every level to
sabotage my case and the L-tryptophan litigation.
Showa Denko K.K., their lawyers, and the United States Government view me as
a threat, since my lawsuit still remains open that is damaging against Showa
Denko K.K. and General Nutrition Centers (GNC), among others. Also, Showa Denko K.K., their lawyers, and the United States Government, President George W. Bush and Rhode Island Governor Donald Carcieri fear the threat of civil and criminal action against them for their unlawful criminal activities.
I pose a threat to Showa Denko K.K. and the United States Government since,
my L-tryptophan lawsuit could re-open previous settlements entered into by
2,000- 5,000 L-tryptophan litigants on the basis of fraudulent inducement and the
United States Government's involvement in the cover up.
They were entered into by L-tryptophan Plaintiffs who were unaware of the defendants fraudulent concealment and the United States Government's cover up.
Showa Denko K.K., the United States Government, President George W. Bush and
Rhode Island Governor Donald Carcieri fear a movie being made and publicizing
their criminal activities which has continued to date.
President George W. Bush's father former President George H. W. Bush Sr. was
President of the United States from 1989 to 1993 during the Eosiophilia Myalgia Syndrome epidemic.
I filed a Complaint on December 7, 2006 against the United States Government et al. in
the United States District Court of Rhode Island, CA. No. 06-534 ML. My complaint is
pending in the First Circuit Court of Appeals. The United States Government have hired
my family, among others as informants to surveillance and gather intelligence on me.
At the time that I filed my December 7, 2006 complaint against a number of defendants
who are employed by the United States Government, I was unaware of orders issued by
President George W. Bush and Rhode Island Governor Donald Carcieri to assasinate/
murder me.
I spoke to a state senator with regard to my circumstances of law enforcement on the state and federal level that have harassed, targeted, survillenced me and have come out to my house and follow me on a daily basis. Also, the West Warwick police have even parked at my grandchild’s school shortly after I exposed President George W. Bush orders to assassinate/murder me.
The state senator stated to me that federal law enforcement, the Attorney General of the United States, and the Department of Justice are employed by President George W. Bush.
Moreover, my case is not isolated by a small number of police and law enforcement targeting and surveillanceing me. There are to many law enforcement and police and government officials organized at the highest level on the federal and local level that have targeted and surviellanced me. The state senator stated that the orders to murder me are coming from the President George W. Bush .
Further, the Rhode Island State Police who have been targeting and surviellancing me are given orders from Rhode Island Governor Donald Carcieri
In June or July of 2007, President George W. Bush came to Rhode Island and went on a
private helicopter ride with Rhode Island Governor Donald Carcieri and had discussions.
Shortly after I filed my December 7, 2006 complaint against the United States
Government et al, two key defendants named in my complaint retired Captain Gregory
Johnson of the West Warwick Police Department and Supervisory Special Agent
Nicholas Murphy of the Federal Bureau of investigation of R.I., and there may be others
who have also retired.
I am targeted, followed, and surveillanced by police officers, among others in the towns and places I travel in the state of Rhode Island and out of the state of Rhode Island on a daily basis.
The level of intensity and the number of police targeting, surviellancing, and following me has increased after I filed my December 7, 2006 complaint. And now since I have exposed President George W. Bush who issued orders to assassinate/murder me, the level of intensity and the number of police surviellacing and following me has further increased.
My telephones are wiretapped. The United States Government is hacking my computers.
The Federal Bureau of investigation, among others covered up the investigation of the hacking of my computers.
The Federal Bureau of investigation, United States Attorneys Office , Attorney Generals office, Department of Justice, among others are covering up and aware of the fact that I was kidnapped and assaulted by a Warwick Police Officer Joseph Mee on January 22, 2006 that was organized at the highest level of United States Government to assassinate/ murder me.
Further, law enforcement, among others are covering up the fact that on December 15, 2005 and December 16, 2005, Captain Gregg Johnson and Officer Patrick Kelly and the Kent County Memorial Hospital Emergency Room Staff violated my constitutional rights and deprived me of liberty against my will and without my consent to cause me harm in connection with the United States Government and Showa Denko K.K.
On April 14, 2006, I spoke to Laura Lineberry who is Condalezza Rice's personal assistant. Laura Lineberry informed me that she could not help me with regard to my circumstances mentioned herein, and that I should leave a message with the Representative of Secretary of State. I left a message with the Representative of Secretary of State, but no one returned my call.
On April 14, 2006, I contacted the White House comments department in Washington, DC for help with regard to my circumstances mentioned herein, and spoke to a young lady number(77) who stated she would pass on my comments to her supervisor and that her supervisor would summarize my comments and give it to President Bush. On April 14, 2006, I was unaware that President George W. Bush issued orders to assassinate/ murder me.
President George W. Bush, Condalezza Rice's office , nor anyone associated with the White House, responded in any way shape or form to my plea for help with regard to my circumstances mentioned herein.
I have evidence of my telephone calls to the White House, among others.
The IP Addresses with regard to the hacking of my computers have been traced to Washington, D.C.
You can view my complaint at pacer.psc.uscourts.gov.
My login is: lz0129 My password is 3y6!pomz ( party name is under my married name of Blaquiere) December 8, 2006 thru December 8, 2007 is the date you would use to view my complaint, since December 8, 2006 is the date my complaint was entered by the United States District Court of Rhode Island.
The United States District Court of Rhode Island omitted my supporting exhibits on
Pacer website and have intentionally obstructed my case and deprived me of a fair judicial process, inorder to protect and insulate the United States Government et al.
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT DOES NOT INITIATE ACTION AGAINST SHOWA DENKO K.K. FOR THE FOLLOWING VIOLATIONS:
The L-tryptophan problem is the fault of the FDA due to lack of enforcement of 172.320, among other
violations of the FDA rules. Therefore, the FDA permitted the continued illegal use of L-tryptophan.
If the FDA had enforced action against Showa Denko K.K.,for violation of the FDA rules mentioned
herein, then L-tryptophan would not have been on the market and sold to the American Public and
caused death and illnesses associated with the sales of L-tryptophan in violation of the FDA rule.
In 1970 FDA considered L-tryptophan (amino acids) , when used as nutrients or dietary supplements, to
be generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for those uses, and published that fact in the code of Federal
Regulations.
In 1972 FDA engaged in rule making to withdraw and remove approximately twenty amino acids
including L-tryptophan from the GRAS list ( generally recognized as safe) and to regulate them as
approved food additives that could not be sold without FDA's prior approval in the form of a food
additive petition, (37 Fed. Reg. 6938; April 6, 1972).
In 1973 FDA promulgated a binding substantive rule that is presently on the books, the Food additive
regulation that makes all amino acids, when used as components of dietary supplements,
unsafe food additives that violate the adulteration provisions of Act. 21 C.F.R. 172. 320.
In 1977, FDA seized L-tryptophan tablets on the grounds that the L-tryptophan that they contained
was an unapproved food additive. The court, however, found for the manufacturer of the tablets
because L-tryptophan was still on the FDA's GRAS list, (FDA had failed to remove it after the 1973
rulemaking), and the manufacturer was acting in accordance with the FDA's regulation.
In 1977, FDA deleted the listing of twenty amino acids that were the subject of the 1973 rulemaking
form the GRAS list, ( 42 Fed. Reg. 56720; October 28, 1977).
The FDA never renewed its regulatory action against dietary supplements containing L-tryptophan .
The food additive regulation that the FDA adopted in 1973 does not list (approve) L-tryptophan for
this use, and foods that contain unapproved food additive are deemed to be adulterated (21 U.S.C. 342
(a) (2) (c)).
FDA has not brought an action since 1977 against an L-tryptophan dietary supplement.
The FDA sought to enforce the rule prohibiting the use of amino acids in dietary supplements in two
seizure actions against products containing L-tryptophan. Those seizure actions were not successful.
The U.S. Government voluntarily dismissed the second lawsuit because the lawsuit was controlled by
a very hostile judge and the government feared that it would obtain an adverse ruling that would
insulate all dietary supplements from regulation under the food additive provisions of the act.
The FDA has not made any efforts to regulate amino acids since 1982. FDA ignored the food additive
regulations since 1982. In 1990, there was evidence showing that 30 amino acids other than L-
tryptophan were being sold by at least 22 companies.
The FDA has failed to date to bring charges against Showa Denko K.K. Showa Denko K.K. was in
violation of the FDA Food additive regulation that makes all amino acids, when used as components of
dietary supplements, unsafe food additives that violate the adulteration provisions of Act. 21
C.F.R. 172. 320. FDA should have gone after Showa Denko K.K. on an adulteration charge that the
L-tryptophan in the supplements is an unapproved food additive under 21 U.S.C. 342 (a) (2) (c).
Also, FDA failed to bring charges against Showa Denko K.K. with regard to L-
tryptophan being unfit for food, ( 21 U.S.C. 342 (a) (3). L-trytophan associated with illness
Eosinophilia Myalgia Syndrome, is unfit for food.
The FDA could have gone after L-tryptophan supplements as drugs. The FDA could have
developed evidence that L-tryptophan used for therapeutic purposes to combat sleeplessness and PMS
which is what L-tryptophan was advertized for is considered a drug and the FDA finding L-tryptophan
had not met the FDA's rational food supplement test would permit the FDA to bring drug charges
against the product under either 21 U.S.C. 321(g) (1) (B) or (c), National Nutritional Foods
Association v. Mathews, 557 F.2nd 325, 334 ( 2d Cir. 1977).
If the FDA had enforced action against Showa Denko K.K.,for violation of the FDA rules mentioned
herein, then L-tryptophan would not have been on the market and sold to the American Public and
caused death and illnesses associated with the sales of L-tryptophan in violation of the FDA rule.
On the Rhode Island ACLU website, there is a lawsuit against the United States
Government for Illegally surviellacing individuals attending a peace group in Rhode
Island and in other states.
The United States Government has files on these peace groups and have labeled these
peace group individuals as a threat because their simply anti-war.
The illegal acts of our United States Government is not an example of democracy, it is a
Dictatorship ruled by a dictator President George W. Bush who has committed crimes
against humanity and has violated our human rights.
Representative John Conyers Jr, was the Chairman re: the July 18, 1991 hearing on the FDA oversight of L-tryptophan. Representative John Conyers Jr, is currently the Chairman of the U.S.
House of Representatives Committee on the Judiciary who can call for an investigation and immediate congressional hearings into this matter.
Please help me by writing to congress and. to investigate and call for immediate congressional hearings into this matter. Also, contact Rhode Island Senator Sheldon Whitehouse and Senator Jack Reed to investigate and call for congressional hearings into this matter. If the American people place enough political pressure to investigate and call for congressional hearings into this matter, then an investigation into this matter will go forward and the truth will be exposed to the American people.
Also, please contact Senate Majority Leader, Senator Harry Reid, Senate Judiciary Chairman Patrick Leahy of Vermont, Senator Arlen Specter, Senator Charles E. Schumer, Senator Joseph R. Biden Jr., Senator John McCain, Senator Hillary Clinton, Senator Barack Obama, and all members of the Senate to call for investigation and congressional hearings with regard to law enforcement engaged in an ongoing organized crime to assassinate/murder me by orders issued by President George W. Bush.
President George W. Bush has scammed the American people into believing that the Iraq
war is a "just war" and that the United States military are fighting for democracy,
freedom and for our safety here at home, and yet at the same time President George W.
Bush is committing the worst crimes in american history against innocent american
citizens.
Please expedite the above and contact me at my email: LoriZarlenga@hotmail.com
You can view documents and obtain information about L-tryptophan and Eosinophilia Myalgia Syndrome on the National EMS Support Group website at www.nemsn.org
You can find me at myspace.com/lorizz
Also, you can find me at my website www.tiptopwebsite.com/lorizz.
I posted a letter explaining in more detail on my website and on my space.com/lorizz
If you have any questions or want to view my exhibits that support my December 7, 2006 complaint filed in the United States District Court of Rhode Island, then you can e-mail me and I will send you attachments you can view .
Thank You, Lori Zarlenga
Help the Aged, Pulp, 1997
Help the aged
One time they were just like you
Drinking, smoking cigs and sniffing glue
Help the aged
Don't just put them in a home
Can't have much fun in there all on their own
Give a hand, if you can
Try and help them to unwind
Give them hope & give them comfort 'cause they're running out of time
In the meantime we try
Try to forget that nothing lasts forever
No big deal so give us all a feel
Funny how it all falls away
When did you first realize?
It's time you took an older lover baby to teach you stuff
Although he's looking rough
Funny how it all falls away
Help the aged
'Cause one day you'll be older too
You might need someone who can pull you through
And if you look very hard
Behind the lines upon their face you may see where you are headed
And it's such a lonely place
In the meantime we try
Try to forget that nothing lasts forever
No big deal so give us all a feel
Funny how it all falls away
When did you first realize?
It's time you took an older lover baby to teach you stuff
Although he's looking rough
Funny how it all falls away
You can dye your hair
But it's the one thing you can't change
Can't run away from yourself, yourself
Yourself, self, self, self, self, self, self, self, self, self, self
In the meantime we try
Try to forget that nothing lasts forever
No big deal so give us all a feel
Funny how it all falls away
Oh and when did you first realize?
It's time you took an older lover baby to teach you stuff
Although he's looking rough
Funny how it all falls away
Funny how it all falls away
It's funny how it all falls away
Funny how it all, it all falls away
Help the aged
Views
*****************
Hello Welcome to the land of magic and fantasy.
The land of the cradle of religions and the first civilizations.
The land of Egypt
Today you go to a spot of Bhalla diligent in seeking described by you and by the private Mattmiz from other spots.
It is a land of green in the inner Western Desert of Egypt it
. Bahariya Oasis.
(I) lines for the blogger ,,,,,,,
Dear reader
I know you myself .......
Name / Mohammed Abdullah Mohammed Abbas
Area of work / artist automorphic revelation of the nature
Place of Birth / Albawity Bahariya Oasis Giza, Egypt
Artist automorphic inspiring talent drew inspiration from nature. God has blessed me with great artistic talent from an early age and that helped me that I was born in the Oasis and I lived and grew up under the skies and on the soil and between the folds of mountains and sand Abott and drank water from groundwater wells may like it so loving. And I hope the remains Sewa and Volkolorha People by nature and by the habits and traditions carries with it the fragrance of small oases of history and a solid go along with urbanization and civil rights. As for my paintings art, I cut many of the valleys and paths until you get the natural raw materials as well as gum trees, as well as stones from the slopes of the mountains in order to Ichkeul my paintings by the technical nature of all raw materials so that they are expressing a model of the oasis and its people and their customs and traditions. God has helped me in that he created many works even earn any great admiration of the Egyptians and foreigners from all over the world. It is also vBExperience I Ichkeul sculpture on the stone figures of important people and oases to be expressed in the model house Ziafti realize my dream and now that I have obtained a great admiration for all lovers of nature.
This little to acknowledge it and impart a quick look, which collected the proceeds from scientific about this spot (Bahariya Oasis) while working and going to the valleys and roads and mountains on foot on foot for the acquisition of natural raw materials such as sand, full colors and stones from the mountains and the gum trees to the drawing boards to the oasis, the old to remain a memory in the history of Egypt .........
Welcome to the oasis of art and dreams ...............( Bahariya Oasis Committee of God in the home)
For communication
mop: +20124671367
mop: +20172993345
deserteagle121@hotmail.com
mo_5070@yahoo.com
Mohamed_12199@yahoo.com
(II) - geographic location
***************************************
Bahariya Oasis is located in Western Sahara, Arab Republic of Egypt
And away from Cairo, 360 km south west of the Nile Valley and about 220 km away with the alignment of the country west of the Nile Valley, such as Matay and Samalut at a latitude 0''21''28%''0''28 longitude & North Tropic of Cancer.
It is the third time of configurations as described geological maps.
(III) - Description of natural
**************************
This oasis is a low rectangle extending from the northeast to the southwest and the length along the low-about 130 km 'and a maximum width of the north side of this low about 45 km' and expand in the northeast it has significantly expanded and gradually narrows towards the southwest until it is finished south of the space, which is Part of the Oasis 'The area around the low (4000 km) four thousand square kilometers and in expanding the region is populated metropolitan' and this low four entrances and exits of vehicles are: -
(1) - from the north east the main road leading to Cairo, about 360 km.
(2) - Nabq coracoid and this way Mudug Sandstone was formerly the main entrance to the oasis before the paved road which passes next to the chirp coracoid from the north south of the Qattara Depression and ends on the outskirts of low oases, as well as Mount coracoid and then passes the road next to the tomb of Sidi | Muhammad Gaddafi, and people were Oasis formerly make this the tomb of Sheikh comfort station at the coming and going to and from Cairo, where the travel takes more than a week of heavy transport vehicles on this road.
(3) - Nabq Siwa in the north west and this meant to the oasis of Siwa, about 420 km and this goes towards the western direction informed Gharwd jacket and an oasis of Siwa and the lame even
Oasis Jacket (located low and Oasis jacket on the progress of 225 k m from the Bahariya Oasis, 162 KM east of the Oasis of Siwa and 55 KM to the east of the Oasis of the lame, one of the surrounded break important caravan, which is located on the road to Siwa _ Bahariya Oasis, as cut off convoys the distance between them and the Bahariya Oasis in 4 days and between the jacket and the lame in the leap from the stability of the sun Mushargaha to the west and the oasis is low on the body and led a long rosette Lake area of 12 km, the depth of this lake is not more than 14:00 either eye jacket rises the water level on the level of surface lake, a little oasis plantations neglected palm poor resorted to the Bedouin in the case of lack of food during a crossing of the oasis and the area of grassland, but no one inhabited only by going through convoys to rest first, and provide water II in the case of having, as the water-metal situation makes it unfit for drinking ...
(4) - peace in the south west and this meant the way to Farafra Oasis, about 200 km and this passes on the continent of Sheikh Abdullah and then mount the crystal and then the White Desert ......
For this low-eleven trail and a corridor to the beauty of the past and they
(1) - from the south east
* Path Manfalouty
* Path Aldchloty
* Path Roby
* Darb El Bahnasawy
They are paths leading to the Nile Valley and pass on Ahtaya acacia and chirp Eboumhariq routes and Rayyan north valley, watermelon stone and the cave south note that routes the four mentioned above be on the path to one while crossing Pegrd Eboumhariq, which has a length of about 375 km in the maximum display a 3 km, which starts from the eye sea sand as far north end on the outskirts of the Valley to the south and Eboumhariq Kharga oasis away from the Navy about 60 kilometers to the east is the tallest grade sand in the desert of Egypt in general note that Grude Western Sahara start from the northwest and ends in the south east.
(2) - and to the north
* Path cupola and ladle
* Path Seiwy
* Rummage thirteen
They Mwdien to El Alamein, Matrouh and Siwa and pass the valley of Abu Abosnan Algradik Qattara Depression, which lies about 320 km from Bahariya Oasis and gave a description of this area, not to my arrival there.
(3) - from the west
* Path Aletbinip
* Path of the continent of Gallstone
They Mwdien to Siwa Oasis and the jacket and eye function and Farafra.
Eye function) known to the Bedouin into misguided as guided her convoy was misguided in the desert and away its location from the Farafra Oasis 72 km M and Oasis Bahrain 173 km m which is strange really as it explodes in the top of a hill of sand is composed of 3 degrees with a rise in the first one meter on the surface of easily located in the north either second-class-oriented production by 3 m above the first layer and the third rise 5:00 p.m. on the second and stem the eye in a low place about two meters on the top of the hill, which is almost repression around him prevented him from tear and water, this eye is the finest water the desert and no eye on the bushes of palms and tamarind and jungle station, excellent for convoys traveling between the oasis of Farafra and Siwa through the paths of jacket _ lame they are of the wonders of the desert they really the headquarters for the convenience of convoys and tourism and to provide some water them if necessary, but no one reward them.
(4) - from the south west
* Trail corridor continent Sheikh Abdullah Mohammed
* White cave trail
They are doing to the mountain crystal cave and Beer White as the cave and Beer White is located in the northwest of the desert white and along the plateau Rev. Abu Saeed Al-Western set in the middle through the eye of stray and this is the second cave and white desert and the oasis of Farafra, where the mountain crystal away from the lower Bahariya Oasis 30 km, a the pearl of the desert where it emits light after the impact of sunlight at noon and in the moon nights, especially in winter, when the moon is vertically resurrected light on the crystal reflects the light of the north and south and the White Desert 60 km ......
Albawity .. ..
***************
City Center is the Bahariya Oasis was named Albawity proportion to the name of the Sheikh of the righteous to accept the oases of the ancient lands of the East and he stayed. He has suffered a lot until he reached the oasis and had the generosity and love of the people of the oases and settled and his name (Sidi Hassan Abu Ya'qub Yusuf ibn Yahya Albuwayty), one of the disciples of Imam Shafie his doctrine may God bless him 'and when he passed away of Imam Shafie year 819 AH blessings Sidi Albuwayty people Amama He was among the worshipers of the homes Ms. Karima (Nafisa may Allah be pleased with her). The stability of the land of Oasis request of her family buried them when dies did not fail the people of the oasis on the implementation of his will and has already set up a shrine to him was buried at the time of his death there Balbauwayty and close to the three eyes of their secrets Pmaihm they are a cure for every disease and belongs also their names to him what he was doing where they are : -
Water and wells and springs
*****************
Eye Prayer
************
Dubbed this name because he was wudoo including Sheikh Albawity and prayed beside her, because it close to him.
Appointed companion
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And named after Sheikh Albuwayty because he was sitting is the people of the oasis after receiving prayer tool for science and religion to the day you see people sitting Oasis after the Asr prayer in this place.
Appointed bucket eye and spears
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Already are medicine and healing every disease, even if neglected them, but remaining so far as to walk one night and by the way stray finds lantern lights the way for him and guide him even up to safety and their many blessings and secrets ........ Aynak Iain bucket and spears ........
Appointed Alepeshmo
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Roman is a term attributed to Sheikh Albuwayty means (00000000)
It is ironic that this hot Mjerian her eye on the boiling hot and cold stems from the earth from the same place and cold in its course, came from the south until it meets the hot and cold water in the course of one
That place is already Albawity oasis for hundreds of years old does not change Volklorh, customs and traditions, yet the old buildings where there are rocky hills, which was a natural oasis people exploit natural basis for their homes and taken them to the walls of the stones also.
There is this place the tomb of Shaykh (Ahmad Bin Ali) from the north.
It is the south west there is an area called the Western Wall, where the small hill called the continent blacksmiths because they are set up by some of the Accept from the west to Libya an ancient Vantsb name of that place to the title of this family blacksmiths, one of the oldest and largest families, the oasis and the area Albawity Indeed, so far, is the largest residence mismatch Sheikh (Sidi Mohammed Abbas) is a very Li Mohammed Abdullah. There is that area recently from the northern side resorts overlooking the orchards and palm trees directly from the old Oasis Hotel, which was established a few years this area has not changed from the folklore of this beautiful thing is our motto. There is also the oasis water springs from the eyes of groundwater and springs such as the ancient Roman male and listed their names
* Appointed Alepeshmo
* Appointed or snake
* Appointed Muftlp
Many of eyes Romanian old and modern groundwater wells of hot and cold.
After the study discovered that high ground water, sulfurous water treatment of some diseases.
There Trough Oasis sand dunes called chirp. Of which included his name, such as
* Grade debt
* Chirp horse
* Chirp or tippet
As well as the oasis there is a chain of mountains, and every mountain has a name, for example: -
Mount Hofuf
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This mountain is the tallest mountain oases Trough 12 kilometers long, and if you look a closer look you see snaking. It is apparent that the events with me his old Pharaohs. There are on this mountain paths of two-way and corridors, including the apparent meaning of them work there and there at the top of this mountain
Some of the stones heavy sand diabetes Iskhaddmunha apparent that the pharaohs in the making of their parentage .....
And you see there on the top of the mountain roads are paved from the top to the bottom of the visible than that of the easy workflow Abgal to flatten the stones mentioned earlier even Liato them to the place of their own making and see the many things that go on to explain the absence of the mind and pulls her thought and imagination and finally really a certificate of the Pharaohs and the ancient Egyptian.
oasesMount Pyramid
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And his name folks at Oasis cupola and ladle because they resemble cooking pots, three parts of this mountain fleece the first cupola and the eastern and western East scoop by scoop, and this configuration from God and not by humans.
Mount coracoid
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, Named so because it takes the form of a bird the crow, and this mountain is considered the main gate to the entrance of the oases of date by the way is paved as Zchrisabaka.
And the headquarters of this mountain in the northeast and on the outskirts of the entrance of low oases.
Mount Hammad
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Originally named Mount of Praise because convoys to express if they arrived to this area will praise the name of Allaah (God)
Maanoh because of the hardship in their travels.
Mount equitable
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And named this mountain of that name because it is located in the middle of the road between Albawity and space, therefore, called Mouncef.
Mount Giadp
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He called this name because it is different from the mountain, despite being the color black in the desert.
Mount Mtila Radwan
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This mountain, named so because the trail corridor as mentioned conducive to Grude jacket and Siwa. White and well appointed function and in the name of the original eye stray south of Farafra. Mark and has no known only to those knowledgeable ....
Mountain English
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It is situated Balbauwayty and called by that name, because this mountain, saw a lot of the suffering of the English up and down in the Second World War where she was their stay on this mountain black color steadfast and so far the remains of their buildings, it was called that name because he is a black box, which saw the course of things years of war and still tells us over the years about the events, which is formed by the configurations of factors, however, natural or man.
Effects.
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There are many of the Bahariya Oasis, the pharaonic, Coptic, and Romanian. Pharaonic it .......
Caves carved in the mountains, the bodies of the dead mummified in the coffins of pottery and stone valley, mummies, gold and Maqil of archaeologists that the oasis was inhabited (33) Thirty-three families in the era of the Pharaohs, Romans and were used as warehouses for grains, including wheat, had come to her arrivals request it. So far, and discovered by the Antiquities Authority, no more than (10%) ten percent and the rest in the ground and we conservers of him because he first civilizations of the world at large.
Heritage
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There are Roman ruins of buildings visible from and Coptic churches, it was a mud-brick and are found in the area of space and Mendicp. There are also oases ruins of buildings for the people of the old Oasis and that does not change the folklore arts of sculpture, drawing, art and customs and traditions. You see the buildings of each family and the shrine of sheikh mediates their buildings and see the ruins of buildings by Sqhob influenced by the gunshot wounds and of the ancients knew that it addressed the effects of the people of the oasis of Raiders of the target. There are also after the gates at the entrances to some of the areas and streets on the outside, which indicate that these places and streets were closed for fear of the invaders and intruders and bandits coming from the tracks and the mountains at night. There are also oases ancient mosques hundreds of years such as the Mosque Albawity and inclusive country and a mosque likeness and Elsafaip and inclusive angle Elsnose It was the first mosque raises his minaret of brick and this mosque is said to have been built at the hands of men (of the family Senussi) who Accept from the West, past and stayed here for several years and received a very generous and familiarity of the people of the oases and the intensity of their love
The people of the oases if one of them had a child called Senosy note that the oasis is famous generosity to all entrants, such as Mackerm by Sheikh and Sheikh Albuwayty obstacle
Many of the generosity of those who want oases best enjoyed where it is wanted by the evil out of them and so far there in the fields of the pulpit to the Eid prayer, as to condemn the people of Bahariya Oasis religion Islamic Blsttina and there is no other religions except arrivals from other countries There is no difference between Muslim and Christian and deals Oasis people with love and tolerance ...
Features singled out by God oases
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There are oases of marine black desert which is about rock formations and mountainous highlands, a black
Consists of the age of volcanoes. It is natural beauty you see white sand in the embrace of the black mountains. Highlands and ranges between 150 meters to 366 meters. There is a mountain rose mountain poses the problem of small pieces
And as if a rose and take her visitors already from the people of the oasis and different races. The generosity of the mountain and put a lot a lot every year.
There is also a mountain and the mystery of physical Rabbani, this mountain has a small door, if entered women who do not give birth took place about seven times the wrap sections give birth to the orders of God. If the newcomer wished him from the people of the oasis and anything outside of it and took some stones and Kara receive what he wants them on the orders of God and has many secrets and this is true from the mouths of veterans. There are white desert oasis, a beautiful landscape, a mountainous, white limestone composed by the nature of the problem Kalnkhalp, sentences, and the tent. Sahara and the white eye are green and the secret of long Idem. And there is a mountain crystal, mushrooms and whole landscapes. And there are oases Mnottaghat and tourist hotels Mjhzp fit for all arrivals from tourists and succession. Note that the oases and put on the tourist map by the competent authorities. And held for visitors from different races all necessary means of entertainment and comfort in order to be in safety and security, thanks so dear to our beloved Egypt.
Welcome to the oasis of my dreams ..............
Please help me guys :) I put question marks on some of the clothes.. do you have any information about what Barbie they belong to?
I've never run a city, but I wouldn't picture it to be the best idea to put the "information" button right next to the "emergency" button...but what do I know, ne?
... KAYLA MICHELLE MANCHACA. Here is a communication from her grandmother:
We desperately need your help, the attachment hereto is a flyer of a missing child, my granddaughter! Kayla has been missing since approx. 8:30 Saturday evening 4/18/09 at which time she got into a late model white small sedan vehicle in from of her home. From information gathered from her friends she was headed to San Antonio and then possibly leaving the state. Kayla is 13 years old and is believed to be with a 18 yr. old Hispanic male.
Would all of you please forward this email to everyone on your email address book no matter where they live or work. Kerrville Police Dept., Kerr Country Sheriff’s Dept., DPS, and Center for Abused and Exploited Children are all working on this. If anyone sees Kayla PLEASE immediately contact one of the above agencies.
Thanks you all,
Pat Bailey
With San Antonio being the believed destination and the nature of San Antonio International Airport, police would like this information circulated in an unlimited area.
Kerrville Police Department
Contact Information
(830) 257-8181
429 Sidney Baker
Kerrville, TX 78028
Kerr County Sheriff's Dept.
Investigations (830) 257-2997
Here is a link where you can submit information concerning crimes to the FBI:
San Antonio Field Office:
5740 University Heights
San Antonio, Texas 78249
(210) 225-6741
He subido un nuevo personaje en MOJIZU
a ver si lo subo aqui la semana que viene.. .
I uploaded a new character in MOJIZU
I would like to upload it here next week...
So I bought a pair of Cael v2s for like 65$ on eBay and payed like 6 days ago and he still hasnt sent. I messaged the seller and asked what was taking so long but that was 2 days ago and I got no reply. Should I open a case on eBay or what? Help me out eBay/Flickr vets
I'm taking a short break from the Juilliard series to ask for your support in my work.
My first short film just made it to the finalists of W magazine "Fashion on film" contest.
please help me out and vote here fashiononfilm.wmag.com/vote.php (second video). Also, pass on the link to friends who might be interested to help out. (They are also raffling a 1,000$ to one of the voters).
since my family is all in Israel and they can't vote, I can really use any vote I can find.
לישראלים שבינינו, זה לא קשה למצוא כתובת אמריקאית באינטרנט :) הצביעו בהמוניכם.