View allAll Photos Tagged execution
There's no avoiding the bullet holes in one of the walls near the entrance to the Palace of the Shirvanshahs, Baku, Azerbaijan. Vintage 1918 but victim/perpetrator identities depend on who one speaks to.
HD PENTAX-D FA 28-105mm f3.5-5.6
Executions down across globe, says Amnesty International
The number of people executed by their own governments fell by 25 per cent last year, with China carrying out the most executions, Amnesty International said Friday.
The human rights organization report — the Annual Death Penalty Statistics — outlines the number of executions and death sentences carried out in the world in 2006.
According to the report, at least 1,591 people were known to be executed by their own governments in 25 countries last year.
Of those executions, 90 per cent took place in six countries:
China - 1,010
Iran - 177
Pakistan - 82
Iraq - 65
Sudan - 65
U.S.A. - 53
Amnesty International believes the Chinese figures are drastically underestimated, suggesting the real total is close to 8,000 executions, based on information from a Chinese legal expert. China keeps its prisoner executions a state secret.
Five of the executions are known to be people under 18: four in Iran and one in Pakistan
"The death penalty is the ultimate cruel, inhuman and degrading punishment," said Amnesty Secretary General Irene Khan. "It must be abolished and a universal moratorium will be an important step forward."
Thousands on death row
The same year, 55 countries handed down 3,861 new death sentences, adding to the more than 20,000 people waiting on death row, said the report.
"A death penalty free world is possible if key governments are willing to show political leadership," said Khan.
Across the globe, Amnesty reports 128 countries have abolished the death penalty either by law or in practice, while 69 countries retain or use the death penalty.
Methods of execution include beheading, electrocution, hanging, lethal injection, shooting, stoning and stabbing.
While Canada abolished capital punishment in 1976, it retained the death penalty for military crimes such as treason or mutiny. All references to the death penalty were wiped from the National Defence Act in 1998.
The final execution in Canada took place in Toronto in December 1962, when two men were hanged for murder www.cbc.ca/world/story/2007/04/27/amnesty-executions.html...
"After seeing various successes with the previous Battlefield Manipulation Unit, technicians of the Foundation were instructed by the board of the SF to change certain specifics of the suit. Such specifics were that of the arms: technicians made them more easily able to move, putting less strain on the pilots. The new BMUs were put into mass production after passing inspection from high ranking leaders of the Foundation."
_____________
I tweaked it up a little bit. The arms can now do a full 90 degree lift up sideways and are much more pose able. It's a little hard to explain, but just trust me on that ;D
I'll note all the nifty stuff.
Ironically this car had a Yahoo! parking violation ticket on the windshield. This car wrap was a much better execution than the PayDirect wrap.
The collection of diesels as the temporary allocation of the 330/474 is largely comprised of E’s, but a few WVL’s are also used. Most are from the 11 reg batch last used on the D7, but an older one is WVL293.
This one was displaced from the 321 at New Cross in early 2023, but together with sister WVL294 it avoided the chop thanks to being sent to Northumberland Park to cover for a couple of 476 allocated WVN’s which had met premature ends.
WVL293 is seen at Beckton Bus Station, running about 10 minutes late after the wheelchair ramp had a hissy fit just after I boarded at North Woolwich.
The first cascaded WHV’s (from the 188) are finally starting to arrive, so the conversation might take place soon.
WVL294 is still in the fleet too, helping out at Bexleyheath pending electrics. 2.10.25.
This picture is in two different collections with completely different identifications.
Naval History & Heritage Command, Washington, DC, USA identified as “Execution Wall, Cavite, P.I.”
California State Library description “Spanish fortifications, Luneta (Manila)”
Gift to the library by Mrs. Frank Atkinson, Feb. 16, 1948
I tend to believe the Naval History & Heritage Command description is accurate but it is not verifiable that the California State Library description “Spanish fortifications, Luneta” is undeniably in error so it will remain.
Repository: California Historical Society
Digital object ID: Vault 306.001.jpg
Date: 1875 March 16
Call number: Vault 306
Preferred citation: [Invitation to attend the execution of Tiburcio Vasquez], Vault 306, courtesy, California Historical Society, Vault 306.001.
八取物語 - 安平小巷八取舊舍 / 古老的載貨腳踏車載滿了故事 - 每一個劇情都是扣人心弦
The story of the Eight Take - Anping alley Eight Take old house / The ancient shipment bicycle was fully laden with the storise - Every plot is exciting
八取の物語 - 安平の細道八取の古い家 / 古い年の商品の自転車はストーリをいっぱい載せました - すべての劇の筋はすべて人を興奮させる
La historia de la toma ocho - Callejón Anping Ocho Tome antigua casa / La bicicleta antigua del envío era completamente cargada con las historias - Cada diagrama es emocionante
Die Geschichte des Nehmens acht - Anping Gasse Acht nehmen alte Haus / Das alte Versandfahrrad wurde völlig mit den Geschichten beladen - Jeder Plan ist aufregend
L'histoire de la prise huit - Allée Anping Huit Prenez vieille maison / La bicyclette antique d'expédition a été entièrement chargée avec les histoires - Chaque parcelle de terrain est passionnante
Anping Tainan Taiwan / Anping Tainan Taiwán / 台灣台南安平
卜卦調 / Instruments Version
{ Tunes of the Divination / 占いの曲 }
{View large size on black / 觀看大圖}
{My Blog / 管樂小集精彩演出-觸動你的心}
{My Blog / Great Music The splendid performance touches your heart}
{My Blog / 管楽小集すばらしい公演-はあなたの心を心を打ちます}
{Mi blog / La gran música el funcionamiento espléndido toca su corazón}
{Mein Blog / Große Musik die herrliche Leistung berührt Ihr Herz}
{Mon blog / La grande musique l'exécution splendide touche votre coeur}
書中風起雲動 劍下虎嘯龍吟
The book stroke have the clouds to move under the sword the tiger's roar and dragon to recite
誰知成敗早已天定
Who knows the success or failure already to decide for GOD
回首江山依舊 入眼夕陽正紅
Who looks back on the landscape as before pleasant setting sun is red now
但願人長久情長在
Hopes the persons long-time sentiment exist
熱蘭劍士無悔無憾
The Zeelandia's swordsman regretless not regrets
The Postcard
A postkarte that was published by Krille & Martin of Dresden. The Typochrom printing was by F. K. D. The card was posted in Bad Schandau in Saxony on Monday the 19th. September 1910 to:
Master John Robertson,
Park Lane,
Broomhall Park,
Sheffield,
England.
The message on the divided back of the card was as follows:
"19-9-10.
Dear John,
This is a museum and art
gallery. We have been
through some very fine
buildings in Dresden.
We spent several days in
Berlin.
We are enjoying our
holiday very much.
Kind regards,
J. M."
Dresden in the Second World War
During the Nazi era from 1933 to 1945, the Jewish community of Dresden was reduced from over 6,000 (7,100 people were persecuted as Jews) to 41, mostly as a result of emigration, but later also deportation and murder.
Non-Jews were also targeted, and over 1,300 people were executed by the Nazis at the Münchner Platz, a courthouse in Dresden, including labour leaders, undesirables, resistance fighters and anyone caught listening to foreign radio broadcasts.
Dresden in the 20th. century was a major communications hub and manufacturing centre, with 127 factories and major workshops. It was designated by the German military as a defensive strongpoint from which to hinder the Soviet advance.
Being the capital of the German state of Saxony, Dresden not only had garrisons, but a whole military borough, the Albertstadt. This military complex, named after Saxon King Albert, was not specifically targeted in the bombing of Dresden, although it was extensively damaged.
During the final months of the Second World War, Dresden harboured some 600,000 refugees, with a total population of 1.2 million. Dresden was attacked seven times between 1944 and 1945, and was occupied by the Red Army after the German capitulation.
The bombing of Dresden by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) between the 13th. and 15th. February 1945 was controversial.
On the night of the 13th.–14th. February 1945, 773 RAF Lancaster bombers dropped 1,182 tons of incendiary bombs and 1,478 tons of high explosive bombs on Dresden, targeting the rail yards at the centre of the city.
The inner city of Dresden was largely destroyed. The high explosive bombs damaged buildings and exposed their wooden structures, while the incendiaries ignited them, denying their use by retreating German troops and refugees.
Widely quoted Nazi propaganda reports claimed 200,000 deaths, but the German Dresden Historians' Commission, made up of 13 prominent German historians, in an official 2010 report published after five years of research concluded that casualties numbered between 22,500 and 25,000.
The Allies described the operation as the legitimate bombing of a military and industrial target. Several researchers have argued that the February attacks were disproportionate.
As a result of inadequate Nazi air raid measures for refugees, mostly women and children died.
The bombing stopped prisoners who were busy digging a large hole into which 4,000 prisoners were to be disposed of.
When interviewed after the war in 1977, Sir Arthur ('Bomber') Harris stood by his decision to carry out the raids, and reaffirmed that it reduced the German military's ability to wage war.
American author Kurt Vonnegut's novel Slaughterhouse Five is loosely based on his first-hand experience of the raid as a POW.
In remembrance of the victims, the anniversaries of the bombing of Dresden are marked with peace demonstrations, devotions and marches.
The destruction of Dresden allowed Hildebrand Gurlitt, a major Nazi museum director and art dealer, to hide a large collection of artwork worth tens of millions of dollars that had been stolen during the Nazi era, as he claimed it had been destroyed along with his house which was located in Dresden.
Dresden After World War II
Following his military service, the German press photographer and photojournalist Richard Peter returned to Dresden and began to document the ruined city. Among his best known works is Blick auf Dresden vom Rathausturm ("View of Dresden from the Rathaus Tower").
It has become one of the best-known photographs of a ruined post-war Germany following its appearance in 1949 in his book Dresden, Eine Kamera Klagt an ("Dresden, a Photographic Accusation").
When a skeleton that had previously been used as a model for drawing art classes was found in the ruins of the Dresden Art Academy, the photographer Edmund Kesting, with the assistance of Peter, posed it in a number of different locations to produce a series of haunting photographic images to give the impression that Death was wandering through the city in search of the dead.
Kesting subsequently published the photographs in the book Dresdner Totentanz ("Dresden’s Death Dance").
The damage from the Allied air raids was so extensive that following the end of the Second World War, a narrow-gauge light railway system was constructed to remove the debris, although being makeshift, there were frequent derailments.
The railway system, which had seven lines, employed 5,000 staff and 40 locomotives, all of which bore women’s names. The last train remained in service until 1958, although the final official debris clearance team was only disbanded in 1977.
Rather than repair them, the German Democratic Republic authorities razed the ruins of many churches, royal buildings and palaces in the 1950's and 1960's, such as the Gothic Sophienkirche, the Alberttheater and the Wackerbarth-Palais, as well as many historic residential buildings.
The surroundings of the once-lively Prager Straße resembled a wasteland before it was rebuilt in the socialist style at the beginning of the 1960's.
However, the majority of historic buildings were either saved or reconstructed. Among them were the Ständehaus (1946), the Augustusbrücke (1949), the Kreuzkirche (until 1955), the Zwinger (until 1963), the Catholic Court Church (until 1965), the Semperoper (until 1985), the Japanese Palace (until 1987) and the two largest train stations.
Some of this work dragged on for decades, often interrupted by the overall economic situation in the GDR. The ruins of the Frauenkirche were allowed to remain on Neumarkt as a memorial to the war.
From 1955 to 1958, a large part of the art treasures looted by the Soviet Union was returned, which meant that from 1960 onwards many state art collections could be opened in reconstructed facilities.
Important orchestras such as the Staatskapelle performed in alternative venues (for example in the Kulturpalast from 1969). Some cultural institutions were moved out of the city center (for example the state library in Albertstadt).
The Outer Neustadt, which was almost undamaged during the war, was threatened with demolition in the 1980's following years of neglect, but was preserved following public protests.
To house the homeless, large prefabricated housing estates were built on previously undeveloped land In Prohlis and Gorbitz. Damaged housing in the Johannstadt and other areas in the city center were demolished and replaced with large apartment blocks.
The villa districts in Blasewitz, Striesen, Kleinzschachwitz, Loschwitz and on the Weißen Hirsch were largely preserved.
An American Execution
So what else happened on the day that the card was posted?
Well, on the 19th. September 1910, in Chicago, recently paroled burglar Thomas Jennings broke into a house.
He killed the owner Clarence Hiller, then fled the scene—but not before leaving his fingerprints in the home. Jennings became the first American to be executed based primarily on fingerprint evidence.
Fingerprint evidence had first been used in a murder conviction in 1905 in the United Kingdom, with Alfred and Albert Stratton being hanged for a double murder.
The Postcard
A postcard that was printed and published by J. Salmon of Sevenoaks during the days when men's trousers were opened and closed with buttons rather than zips. The artwork was by F. G. Lewin.
The card was posted in Isleham, Cambridgeshire using a 1d. stamp on Monday the 11th. December 1922. It was sent to:
Mr. F. W. Deacon,
Fire Station,
Mitcham Lane,
Streatham,
London.
The pencilled message on the divided back of the card was as follows:
"Hope you are all well
and enjoy the Service.
Very nice don't you
think?
Love to all,
A. H."
A Transfer of Power in Poland
So what else happened on the day that the card was posted?
Well, on the 11th. December 1922, Gabriel Narutowicz was inaugurated as the first President of Poland amid violent rioting by an estimated 20,000 protesters.
The unrest arose from a speech made the previous day by General Jozef Haller, commander-in-chief of the Army of Poland.
The protesters were mostly students and school boys who were seeking to prevent the inaugural ceremony. They pelted the new President with snowballs as he was being driven to the National Assembly Chamber.
In clashes with police, four protesters were killed, and more than 100 injured, ten of them seriously.
William G. Henderson
The day also marked the death at the age of 40 of William G. Henderson. William was an American motorcycle manufacturer and inductee into the Motorcycle Hall of Fame.
He was killed in an accident while testing the latest model of his Ace Motor Corporation, when he collided with an automobile at an intersection in Philadelphia.
Two British Executions
Also on the 11th. December 1922, British couple Edith Thompson and Frederick Bywaters were found guilty of the murder of Edith's husband, Percy Thompson, and sentenced to death. Their case became a cause célèbre; nevertheless they were both hanged 15 days later.
(a) Edith Thompson
Edith Thompson was born Edith Jessie Graydon on the 25th. December 1893, at 97 Norfolk Road in Dalston, London, the first of the five children of William Eustace Graydon, a clerk with the Imperial Tobacco Company, and his wife Ethel Jessie Graydon (née Liles), the daughter of a police constable.
During her childhood, Edith was a happy, talented girl who excelled at dancing and acting, and was academically bright, with a natural ability in arithmetic. After leaving school in 1909 she joined a firm of clothing manufacturers near Aldgate station in London.
Then, in 1911, she was employed at Carlton & Prior, wholesale milliners, in the Barbican and later in Aldersgate. Edith quickly established a reputation as a stylish and intelligent woman, and was promoted several times, until she became the company's chief buyer and made regular trips to Paris on their behalf.
In 1909, at the age of 15, Edith met Percy Thompson who was three years her senior. After a six-year engagement, they were married at St. Barnabas, Manor Park on the 15th. January 1916.
At first, the couple lived in Retreat Road in Westcliff-on-Sea, before buying a house at 41 Kensington Gardens in the then-fashionable London suburb of Ilford in July 1920. With both their careers flourishing, they lived a comfortable life.
(b) Frederick Bywaters
In 1920, the couple became acquainted with 18-year-old Frederick Bywaters.
Frederick Bywaters had enlisted in the merchant navy. Twenty-six year-old Edith was immediately attracted to Bywaters, who was handsome and impulsive, and whose stories of his travels around the world excited Edith's love of romantic adventure.
To Edith, the youthful Bywaters represented her romantic ideal; by comparison, 29-year-old Percy seemed staid and conventional.
Percy—oblivious to the emerging romantic attraction between his wife and Bywaters—welcomed the youth into their company. Shortly thereafter, the trio—joined by Edith's sister Avis—holidayed in Shanklin on the Isle of Wight. Upon their return, Percy invited Bywaters to lodge with them.
(c) The Affair
While holidaying in the Isle of Wight in June 1921, Edith and Bywaters began an affair. Initially, Percy was unaware of this, although he gradually noticed his wife was drifting away from him.
Matters came to a head barely a month after the affair started. A trivial incident in the Thompsons’ garden triggered a violent row during which Percy Thompson struck his wife and caused her to fall over some furniture. Bywaters intervened and Thompson ordered him out of the house.
The Thompsons' sitting tenant, a Mrs. Lester, commented on Mrs Thompson's bruises in one of her statements to police.
From September 1921 until September 1922 Bywaters was at sea, and during this time Edith Thompson wrote to him frequently. After his return, they met up again.
(d) The Murder
On the 3rd. October 1922, the Thompsons attended a performance at the Criterion Theatre in Piccadilly Circus, together with Edith's uncle and aunt, Mr. and Mrs. J. Laxton. They left the theatre at 11 pm and they all went to Piccadilly Circus tube station, where they separated.
The Thompsons caught the 11:30 pm train to Ilford. As they walked along Belgrave Road, between Endsleigh and De Vere Gardens, a man jumped out from behind some bushes near their home and attacked Percy.
After a violent struggle, during which Edith Thompson was knocked to the ground, Percy was stabbed. Mortally wounded, he died before Edith could summon help. The attacker fled.
Neighbours later reported hearing a woman (assumed to have been Edith) screaming hysterically and shouting "Oh don’t, oh don’t" several times.
By the time police arrived Edith had not composed herself. At the police station the following day she was distressed. She was unaware that Bywaters was already a suspect: he was arrested that evening and taken to Ilford Police Station.
The police confronted Edith with Bywaters. One of the inspectors, Frank Hall, untruthfully told her that Bywaters had already confessed. She then admitted to the police that she knew who the assailant was, and provided the police with details of her association with Bywaters.
The police investigated further, and discovered a series of more than 60 love letters from Edith Thompson to Bywaters. The letters were the only tangible evidence linking Edith Thompson to the killer.
In the London Magistrates Court in Stratford, Edith's defence argued that the letters did not connect Mrs. Thompson to the place or manner of the murder. Accordingly they did not allow for consideration of common purpose, namely that if two people agree to achieve the death of a third, and one of these people acts on the expressed intentions of both, both are equally guilty.
The presiding magistrate decided that the letters should be admitted, and that the court at the Old Bailey would rule on it again. Edith Thompson and Frederick Bywaters were each committed for trial, charged with murder.
(e) The Old Bailey Trial
The trial began on the 6th. December 1922 at the Old Bailey, with Bywaters defended by Cecil Whiteley KC, and Thompson by Sir Henry Curtis-Bennett KC.
The prosecution for the Crown was led by the Solicitor-General Sir Thomas Inskip.
Bywaters had cooperated completely. He had led police to the murder weapon he concealed after the murder, and consistently maintained that he had acted without Edith's knowledge.
Edith Thompson's love letters were produced as evidence of incitement to murder. The letters dated from November 1921 to the end of September 1922. They ran to over 55,000 words, and afforded a day-to-day account of her life in London when her lover Bywaters was at sea.
In a few passages of these letters she writes about her longing to be free of her husband, Percy. She refers to grinding glass light bulbs to shards and feeding them to Percy mixed into mashed potato, and on another occasion feeding him poison.
She wrote about a woman who had lost three husbands and remarked:
“I can’t even lose one.”
Thompson described how she had carried out her own abortion after becoming pregnant by Bywaters.
Edith Thompson's counsel urged her not to testify, stressing that the burden of proof lay with the prosecution, and that there was nothing they could prove other than that she had been present at the murder.
However she rejected his advice. She was determined to give evidence, imagining that she could save Bywaters. As Curtis-Bennett later observed, she had no conception of the danger she was in.
She made a poor impression on the judge and the jury, particularly when she repeatedly contradicted herself. She had claimed that she had never attempted to poison her husband, and references in her letters to attempting to kill him were merely attempts to impress her paramour.
In answer to several questions relating to the meaning of some of the passages in her letters, she said:
"I have no idea."
Bywaters stated that Edith Thompson had known nothing of his plans, nor could she have, as he had not intended to murder her husband.
He claimed that his aim had been to confront Percy and to force him to deal with the situation, and that when Percy had reacted in a superior manner and threatened to shoot him, Bywaters had lost his temper.
Edith Thompson, he repeatedly claimed, had made no suggestion to him to kill Percy, nor did she know that Bywaters intended to confront him.
In discussing the letters, Bywaters stated that he had never believed Edith had attempted to harm her husband, but that he believed she had a vivid imagination, fuelled by the novels she enjoyed reading, and in her letters she viewed herself in some way as one of these fictional characters.
(f) Conviction
On the 11th. December the jury returned a verdict of guilty against both defendants. Both Thompson and Bywaters were sentenced to death by hanging.
Edith Thompson became hysterical and started screaming in the court, while Bywaters loudly protested Edith Thompson's innocence, stating:
"I say the verdict of the jury is
wrong. Edith Thompson is not
guilty."
(g) Imprisonment
Before and during the trial, Thompson and Bywaters were the subjects of highly sensationalist and critical media commentary. However after they had been sentenced to death, there was a dramatic shift in public attitudes and in media coverage.
Nearly a million people signed a petition against the death sentences. Bywaters in particular attracted admiration for his fierce loyalty and his protectiveness towards Edith Thompson, but she was widely regarded as the controlling mind that had set it all up.
It was generally considered abhorrent to hang a woman (no woman had been executed in Britain since 1907). Despite the petition and a new confession from Bywaters (in which he once again declared Thompson to be completely innocent) the Home Secretary, William Bridgeman, refused a reprieve.
A few days before their executions, Edith Thompson was told that the date of execution had been fixed, at which point she lost her composure. She spent the last few days of her life in a state of near-hysteria, crying, screaming, moaning, and unable to eat.
(h) The Executions
On the 9th. January 1923 in Holloway Prison, 29-year-old Edith Thompson collapsed in terror at the prospect of her hanging. Heavily sedated by the prison governor, almost unconscious, she was carried to the gallows by four prison warders.
The ordeal of executing Edith Thompson had a profound effect on her hangman John Ellis.
In Pentonville Prison, 20-year-old Frederick Bywaters, who had tried since his arrest to save Thompson from imprisonment and execution, was himself hanged.
The two executions occurred simultaneously at 9:00 am, only about 1⁄2 mile (800 m) apart.
(i) Burial
As was the rule, the bodies of Edith Thompson and Frederick Bywaters were initially buried within the walls of the prisons in which they had been executed.
In 1971 Holloway Prison underwent an extensive programme of rebuilding, during which the bodies of all the women executed there were exhumed for reburial outside the confines of the prison. With the exception of Ruth Ellis, the remains of the four women executed at Holloway (Edith Thompson, Styllou Christofi, Amelia Sach and Annie Walters) were reburied in a single grave at Brookwood Cemetery in Surrey.
The new grave (at plot 117) remained unmarked for over 20 years. It was acquired in the 1980's by René Weis and Audrey Russell, who had interviewed Avis Graydon (Edith Thompson's surviving sister) at length in the 1970's.
On the 13th. November 1993, a grey granite memorial was placed on plot 117, and dedicated to the memory of the four women buried there. The grave and plot were formally consecrated by the Reverend Barry Arscott of St. Barnabas, Manor Park, the church in which Edith Thompson was married in January 1916.
Edith Thompson's details appear prominently on the face of the tombstone, together with her an epitaph:
"Sleep on beloved. Her death
was a legal formality".
The names of the other three women are inscribed around the edges of the tombstone.
Representatives of the Home Office did not inform Avis Graydon of the exhumation and the fact that she had the right to take control of her sister's funeral arrangements.
The remains of Frederick Bywaters still lie in an unmarked grave within the walls of HMP Pentonville, where they were buried shortly after his execution in January 1923.
The remains of Percy Thompson are buried at the City of London Cemetery and Crematorium.
In her will, Avis Graydon expressed a wish for Mass to be said for members of the Graydon family every 9th. January, the anniversary of her sister Edith's death. This annual service of remembrance was restarted after the publication of Weis's book in 1988. Since the early 1990's, an annual service of remembrance has taken place at St. Barnabas, Manor Park (East Ham) every 9th. January at 8:30 am.
In July 2018 an exhumation order was granted by the Ministry of Justice to René Weis, Edith Thompson's executor and heir. On the 20th. November 2018 Edith Thompson's remains were exhumed from Brookwood Cemetery, and on the 22nd. November 2018 she was buried alongside her parents, in accordance with her mother's wishes, in the City of London Cemetery.
The Postcard
A carte postale that was published by Laurent-Nel of Rennes. The image is a glossy real photograph. It was posted in Quiberon on Saturday the 10th. July 1937 to:
Miss M. Reeks,
74, Elphinstone Road,
Hastings,
England.
However, Miss Reeks' address has been crossed out and the card was forwarded from Hastings on the 13th. July 1937 to:
1, Chandos Road,
Cricklewood,
London NW2.
The pencilled message on the divided back of the card was as follows:
"Saturday.
Dear Miss Reeks,
No doubt you will be
surprised to hear from
me.
I had a very nice time in
Paris, the Exhibition was
really lovely, but not near
finished yet.
Now we have moved
further on to Quiberon, a
pretty seaside, but nothing
to do.
The women dress in their
national costume and the
men go out fishing.
There is no music or lights
in the town. All you do is
watch the fishermen or go
on the beach.
Kind regards to Mrs. Taylor.
Hoping to see you soon,
V. M. Alan".
The International Exhibition in Paris
The exhibition to which the writer referred was the
Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques Dans la Vie Moderne.
The Exposition was held from the 25th. May to the 25th. November 1937 in Paris, France. It was held in the Palais de Chaillot, with 45 countries participating.
Quiberon
Quiberon is a commune in the French department of Morbihan, administrative region of Brittany, western France.
It is situated on the southern part of the Quiberon peninsula, the northern part being the commune of Saint-Pierre-Quiberon. It is primarily known as a seaside resort for French tourists during summer, and for its history of sardine production.
Quiberon is connected to the mainland by a tombolo which is a sandy isthmus.
History of Quiberon
During the Seven Years' War the bay was the site of the Battle of Quiberon Bay (1759) between the French and British fleets. Then later in July 1795 during the period of the French Revolution, Quiberon was used by French Royalist exiles, with assistance from the British, as the base for a failed invasion of Brittany (traditionally a royalist area). However the invasion was defeated by the Revolutionaries under General Lazare Hoche.
In the 19th. century, Nicolas Appert, a chemist, developed a technique that permitted the sterilisation of food. Thanks to this process, Quiberon became the leading harbour for sardine fishing and the production of canned sardines in France.
Many families from the Finistère département migrated to Quiberon for the fishing season (May to October). When the men put out to sea, the women worked in the sardine can factories.
The railway between Auray and Quiberon was inaugurated in 1882. It changed Quiberon's way of life. Fishing, canning and the exploitation of seaweed became replaced by tourism. At that time, some famous people stayed in Quiberon, including the writers Gustave Flaubert and Anatole France, and the actress Sarah Bernhardt.
The year 1924 was important for the peninsula because it was classified as health resort.
Penthièvre Fort
During the Second World War, Penthièvre Fort at the narrow isthmus was occupied by the Germans, and incorporated into the Atlantic Wall. It housed various blockhouses, but was mainly used by the infantry.
In July 1944, 59 resistance fighters were tortured and buried alive there. A Cross of Lorraine mounted on a stone pillar, with a plaque listing the names of the fighters, stands there in memory of them. Although the fort is still of military importance (as a training base), a tunnel where the bodies were discovered can be visited.
Note on the left of the photograph there is an advertisement for 'Bains Penthièvre'.
George Eliava
So what else happened on the day that the card was posted?
Well, the 10th. July 1937 was not a good day for George Eliava, because on that day he was executed at the age of 45 in Tbilisi, Georgian SSR, Soviet Union.
George, who was born on the 13th. January 1892 in Sachkhere, Kutais Governorate, Russian Empire, was a Georgian-Soviet microbiologist who worked with bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria).
George Eliava's Career
From 1909 to 1912 George studied medicine at Novorossiysk University and continued his studies in Geneva until 1914. He graduated at Moscow University in 1916. The same year, he became head of the bacteriological laboratory in Trabzon.
in 1917 he headed the bacteriological laboratory in Tbilisi. In 1918–1921, and again in 1926–1927, he worked at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, where he met Félix d'Hérelle, the co-discoverer of bacteriophages.
Eliava became excited about the potential of bacteriophages in medical applications, and brought the research (and, eventually, d'Hérelle), to Tbilisi.
In 1923, Eliava founded a bacteriological institute in Tbilisi to research and promote phage therapy. The institute was renamed George Eliava Institute in 1988.
From 1927, Eliava held the chair for hygiene at the medical faculty of Tbilisi, and from 1929 the chair for microbiology.
In 1934, the Tbilisi Black Death Centre was founded and headed by Eliava.
The Death of George Eliava
In 1937, Eliava was arrested and (together with his wife) executed as a "People's Enemy", either for being an intellectual or for competing for a woman with Lavrenti Beria, chief of the secret police to Joseph Stalin.
Mass Executions in Siberia
Also on that day, 24 people were executed in Siberia for sabotaging Soviet railways.
Chiang Kai-Shek
Also on the 10th. July 1937, Chiang Kai-Shek made a radio address to millions announcing the Kuomintang's policy of resistance against Japan.
WARNING - SOME PEOPLE MAY FIND THE FOLLOWING TEXT UPSETTING.
This is a real (although, happily, now disused) execution chamber. It is in the Crumlin Road prison in Northern Ireland. The whole prison is now superseded and instead is a tourist attraction. The procedures for an execution brought to condemned man to a holding cell for a few days, where he could do the best he could to prepare himself. He was told that the execution chamber was in another part of the prison and he expected to eventually walk to it. But in reality it was behind a dummy cupboard which, at the appointed time, was crashed to one side to reveal the sight you see here. He was then marched forward and dealt with. The practised team took less then half a minute to complete the task. 17 criminals died here.
I expected to see a central noose (the loop of rope above it was tied to pull apart as the man fell, part of the "long drop" technique that Britain developed, designed to kill "instantly" instead of strangle). The length of rope was dependent on the prisoner's weight; the lighter the man, the longer the rope. What I didn't expect were the two side nooses. These are straps to hold on to (much as you get of trains and trams). Two officers stood either side of the condemned man and stopped him hopping about or collapsing. When the trapdoor crashed open (and the release of the safety lock and trapdoor is terrifyingly sudden and noisy) they obviously didn't want the officers to also fall into the hole.
Just before he is thrust barbarically into the depths of the slimepits, Sgt. McCinnis is about to be rescued by his brothers...and...er...sister?
管樂小集 - 安平古堡的演出 / 榕樹下音樂好 - 雅座休閒一下午
Great Music - The live show of the old Fort Zeelandia / Good music under the banyan tree - Casual lounge one afternoon
Gran música - La demostración viva de la fortaleza vieja Zeelandia / La buena música bajo el árbol de higuera de Bengala - salón informal una tarde
管楽小集 - 安平古堡の公演 / ガジュマルの木の下で音楽が良いです - 個室席の休む正午
Große Musik - Die Live-Show des alten Forts Zeelandia / Gute Musik unter dem Banyan-Baum - Casual Lounge an einem Nachmittag
Grande musique - L'exposition de phase du vieux fort Zeelandia / Bonne musique sous le banian - salon Casual un après-midi
Anping Tainan Taiwan / Anping Tainan Taiwán / 台灣台南安平
管樂小集 2015/06/27 安平古堡 Fort Zeelandia performances
{ 望你早歸 Hope you return soon あなたはすぐに返すホープ }
{View large size on fluidr / 觀看大圖}
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其實我是黑管妹(愛睏仙=無敵鳳眼妹)的粉絲
I am a fans of The sister with a clarinet
Soy los ventiladores de la hermana con un clarinet
私はクラリネットを持つ姉妹のファンである
Ich bin Ventilatoren der Schwester mit einem Clarinet
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{My Blog / 管樂小集精彩演出-觸動你的心}
{My Blog / Great Music The splendid performance touches your heart}
{My Blog / 管楽小集すばらしい公演-はあなたの心を心を打ちます}
{Mi blog / La gran música el funcionamiento espléndido toca su corazón}
{Mein Blog / Große Musik die herrliche Leistung berührt Ihr Herz}
{Mon blog / La grande musique l'exécution splendide touche votre coeur}
書中風起雲動 劍下虎嘯龍吟
The book stroke have the clouds to move under the sword the tiger's roar and dragon to recite
誰知成敗早已天定
Who knows the success or failure already to decide for GOD
回首江山依舊 入眼夕陽正紅
Who looks back on the landscape as before pleasant setting sun is red now
但願人長久情長在
Hopes the persons long-time sentiment exist
熱蘭劍士無悔無憾
The Zeelandia's swordsman regretless not regrets
Unused.
The second round of hangings during a mass execution of Serbian civilians sometime during the second invasion of Serbia in 1915 by Austro-Hungarian and Bulgarian armies. Note the bodies from the first round lying in the foreground. The gallows were so wide that the photographer could not fit the entire structure in the photograph.
The Austrian soldiers queued to have their pictures taken with the bodies of the unfortunate Serbs and further examples are easily found with web-search. Finding photographs of German soldiers supervising mass-executions and posing with executed civilians during the Great War period are virtually non-existent.
Bain News Service,, publisher.
Schlageter execution
[between ca. 1920 and ca. 1925]
1 negative : glass ; 5 x 7 in. or smaller.
Notes:
Title from unverified data provided by the Bain News Service on the negatives or caption cards.
Forms part of: George Grantham Bain Collection (Library of Congress).
Format: Glass negatives.
Rights Info: No known restrictions on publication. For more information, see George Grantham Bain Collection - Rights and Restrictions Information www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/274_bain.html
Repository: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA, hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
Part Of: Bain News Service photograph collection (DLC) 2005682517
General information about the George Grantham Bain Collection is available at hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.ggbain
Higher resolution image is available (Persistent URL): hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/ggbain.36068
Call Number: LC-B2- 6022-13
A view from the execution yard in Auschwitz.
The place of execution was the yard between Blocks 10 and 11, which was sealed off by two walls.Here there was a wall, specially painted black, built of wood, sand and insulating board. At the foot of the wall, sand was sprinkled to soak up the blood of the victims. This wall was known as the “Wall of Death” or “Black Wall”.
These photos of the aftermath of Mussolini's execution at the end of WWII were in the final pages of my Uncle Louis' WWII photo album. I know he was in North Africa and Italy, not sure where he was at the end of the war. These are actual photographs he had, not just something he ripped out of a magazine. I read somewhere that large numbers of these photos were sold to American GI's.
1883 R Swatow - Mee Choung - Execution ground
Shàntóu (Chinese: 汕头), also known as Swatow or Suátao, is a prefecture-level city on the eastern coast of Guangdong province, People's Republic of China, with a total population of 5,391,028 as of 2010 and an administrative area of 2,064 square kilometres (797 sq mi).