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A partially completed pontoon bridge built by the 50th Engineers, 1st Platoon, Camp Laguardia, Republic of Korea, (ROK), ferries two M2 Bradley Fighting Vehicles assigned to the 2-9 Infantry, Camp Casey, (ROK), during a bridge building exercise and simulated crossing of the Imjin River, ROK, on Oct. 22, 1998. The bridge if completed would begin where the soldiers are standing in the foreground, and end just at the base of the hill directly across the river from them. Many of the participants in today's exercise are officers participating in accordance with the U.S. Army Officer Professional Development Program, a program designed to improve team building and soldiery. (U.S. Air Force photo by TSgt James Mossman)(Released)
Professor Zhanfeng Cui FREng and his team from the University of Oxford for the Oxford rapid viral RNA test for COVID-19. It can detect SARS-CoV-2 infection in 30 minutes and could be invaluable in developing countries because no specialist equipment is needed.
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British F3 National Class Team West Tec preparing for their 2nd and 3rd race of the championship meeting at Brands Hatch. The focus of this shoot is New Zealnd Driver Chris Vlok and are reproduced with his kind permission. The theme for this set is the race preparation of the driver, the intimate moments of preparation prior to the race in the garage, the conversations with race engineers, last minute instructions and sometimes long periods of waiting. Thanks to Chris Vlok and his team for the opportunity to spend the day with him during his preparations. He finished the weekend with 2 podiums and the team with 5 podiums overall with their British based driver Cameron Twynham.You can follow Chris on Twitter @cvlokmotorsport or on Facebook www.fb.com/cvlokmotorsport
Worcester Polytechnic Engineers (No.21) vs. Southern Maine Grizzlies
January 27, 2018
Sports & Recreation Center (Worcester Polytechnic Institute)
WPI 21-13 USM
149 pounds: Jack Nigro (Worcester Polytechnic) decision (8-3) over Brendan Weir (Southern Maine).
©2018 - Lewis Brian Day. All rights reserved.
Not to be reproduced in any format or via any platform without express written permission.
Joseph McKenna, a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Europe District architect, speaks to sixth-grade Department of Defense Dependants Schools-Europe students about the design and building of flexible 21st century school facilities May 1, 2012 in Wiesbaden, Germany. The students were interested in the planning of future schools in Wiesbaden and throughout the world. DoDDS's 21st century schools take into consideration innovation in education, curriculum delivery, use of technology, and the growing expectations for sustainability and energy conservation. USACE is designing and building 21st century schools today that will be in use for years to come. To learn more about DoDDS 21st century schools visit: 21stcentury.dodea.edu. (U.S. Army Corps of Enginneers courtesy photo)
Sir Ove Nyquist Arup, CBE, MICE, MIStructE, FCIOB (16 April 1895 – 5 February 1988) was an English engineer who founded Arup Group Limited, a multinational corporation that offers engineering, design, planning, project management, and consulting services for building systems. Ove Arup is considered to be among the foremost architectural structural engineers of his time.
Personal life and education
Arup was born in Newcastle, England, in 1895, to the Danish veterinary surgeon Jens Simon Johannes Arup and his Norwegian wife, Mathilde Bolette Nyquist.
Arup attended the Sorø Academy in Denmark, a boarding school with many influences from Thomas Arnold of the Rugby School in the United Kingdom.
In 1913, he began studying philosophy at University of Copenhagen and in 1918 enrolled for an engineering degree at the Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, specialising in reinforced concrete. He completed his studies in 1922. At this time Ove Arup was influenced by Le Corbusier and his publication Vers une architecture, published that year; and also by Walter Gropius, the founder of the Bauhaus movement.[citation needed]
Arup married Ruth Sørensen, known as Li, on 13 August 1925.
Working life
Before WWII
In 1922, Ove Arup began work with a Danish firm in Hamburg called Christiani & Nielsen, and in December 1923 he moved to their London office as chief engineer.
He designed the Labworth Café—a café with two integrated shelters set on the promenade of the neighbouring Essex seaside resort of Canvey Island. The café exists as the only building solely designed by Arup.
He then worked as a structural consultant to the Tecton partnership, notably on the Penguin Pool at London's Regent's Park Zoo, Whipsnade Zoo, Dudley Zoo, as a construction supervisor for a villa in Heath Drive, Romford, Essex and on Highpoint I, Highgate (a building he was later highly critical of). The close working relationship that Arup developed with Tecton's senior partner Berthold Lubetkin, proved to be highly important in the development of both men's careers.
He moved next to a London construction company, J. L. Kier & Co. in London, as director and chief designer from 1934 to 1938, and during the 1930s he also worked with Ernő Goldfinger, Wells Coates, Maxwell Fry, Yorke, Rosenberg & Mardall and Marcel Breuer.
He became a member of the executive committee of the MARS Group in 1935. In 1938, he and his cousin Arne founded Arup & Arup Limited, a firm of engineers and contractors.
World War II
Before the war, Ove Arup was on the Air Raid Precautions organising committee and he advised Finsbury Council on the provision of bomb shelters. During the war he published a number of papers on shelter policy and designs, mainly advocating reinforced concrete mass shelters, rather than the government policy of dispersing the population in small domestic shelters. Largely for political reasons most of his recommendations were never adopted, although some wealthy Londoners were able to build concrete shelters according to his design.
Arup played a significant part in the design of the Mulberry temporary harbours used during the D-Day landings. The Mulberry Harbour was a type of temporary harbour developed to offload cargo on the beaches during the Allied invasion of Normandy. The sections for two prefabricated or artificial military harbours were taken with the invading army from Britain across the English Channel and assembled off the coast of Normandy as part of the D-Day invasion of France in 1944.
Arup & Partners
In 1946, after dissolving Arup & Arup Ltd, he created a team of Civil and Structural Engineering consultants. In the same year, he formed his first partnership with Ronald Jenkins, Geoffrey Wood and Andrew Young called Arup and Partners.
A further company, Arup Associates, was formed in 1963 as a new partnership, a body of Architects and Engineers working on an equal basis as Building Designers: the engineer Ove Arup, the architects Francis Pym and Philip Dowson, and the former partners of Arup and Partners. It was a multi-disciplinary company providing engineering, architectural, and other services for the built environment. Arup said himself that ultimately, all of the Arup names resulted in a firm called simply Arup.
Notable projects
Highpoint I, built in 1935, was an important experiment in high-rise residential design, and was one of Arup's most significant collaborations with Lubetkin. Arup later criticised the project as having significant flaws.
Kingsgate Bridge
Ove Arup personally supervised the design and construction of Durham's Kingsgate Bridge in 1963. The firm's first bridge, Arup was particularly attached to the project and had his ashes scattered from it following his death. A bust of Arup that was placed at one end of the Bridge was stolen in the summer of 2006 but has since been replaced. Kingsgate Bridge was the last structure designed by Arup.
Van Ginkel Footbridge
The mid-century Van Ginkel Footbridge is in Bowring Park, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It is a cantilever bridge, meaning it is anchored to the ground on only one end while the other side hovers. The bridge received heritage designation in 2020. The architect of the bridge was Blanche Lemco van Ginkel, who received the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada's gold medal for lifetime achievement.
Sydney Opera House
Arup was the design engineer for the Sydney Opera House in Sydney, Australia from the project's start in 1957 to its completion in 1973 An iconic building making groundbreaking use of precast concrete, structural glue and computer analysis, this made Arup's reputation, and that of his firm, despite the extremely difficult working relationship with the architect, Jørn Utzon.
Honours
1953 Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE)
1965 Knight First Class of the Order of the Dannebrog
1966 Royal Gold Medal of the Royal Institute of British Architects
1971 Knight Bachelor (United Kingdom)
1973 Gold Medal of the Institution of Structural Engineers
1975 Knight Commander First Class of the Order of the Dannebrog
1976 Honorary Doctorate from Heriot-Watt University
1987 Royal Academician
Durham is a cathedral city and civil parish in the county of Durham, England. It is the county town and contains the headquarters of Durham County Council, the unitary authority which governs the district of County Durham. It had a population of 48,069 at the 2011 Census.
The city was built on a meander of the River Wear, which surrounds the centre on three sides and creates a narrow neck on the fourth. The surrounding land is hilly, except along the Wear's floodplain to the north and southeast.
Durham was founded in 995 by Anglo-Saxon monks seeking a place safe from Viking raids to house the relics of St Cuthbert. The church the monks built lasted only a century, as it was replaced by the present Durham Cathedral after the Norman Conquest; together with Durham Castle it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. From the 1070s until 1836 the city was part of the County Palatine of Durham, a semi-independent jurisdiction ruled by the prince bishops of Durham which acted as a geopolitical buffer between the kingdoms of England and Scotland. In 1346, the Battle of Neville's Cross was fought half a mile west of the city, resulting in an English victory. In 1650, the cathedral was used to house Scottish prisoners after their defeat at the Battle of Dunbar. During the Industrial Revolution, the Durham coalfield was heavily exploited, with dozens of collieries operating around the city and in nearby villages. Although these coal pits have now closed, the annual Durham Miners' Gala continues and is a major event for the city and region. Historically, Durham was also known for the manufacture of hosiery, carpets, and mustard.
The city is the home of Durham University, which was founded in 1832 and therefore has a claim to be the third-oldest university in England. The university is a significant employer in the region, alongside the local council and national government at the land registry and passport office. The University Hospital of North Durham and HM Prison Durham are also located close to the city centre. The city also has significant tourism and hospitality sectors.
Toponymy
The name "Durham" comes from the Brythonic element dun, signifying a hill fort and related to -ton, and the Old Norse holme, which translates to island. The Lord Bishop of Durham takes a Latin variation of the city's name in his official signature, which is signed "N. Dunelm". Some attribute the city's name to the legend of the Dun Cow and the milkmaid who in legend guided the monks of Lindisfarne carrying the body of Saint Cuthbert to the site of the present city in 995 AD. Dun Cow Lane is said to be one of the first streets in Durham, being directly to the east of Durham Cathedral and taking its name from a depiction of the city's founding etched in masonry on the south side of the cathedral. The city has been known by a number of names throughout history. The original Nordic Dun Holm was changed to Duresme by the Normans and was known in Latin as Dunelm. The modern form Durham came into use later in the city's history. The north-eastern historian Robert Surtees chronicled the name changes in his History and Antiquities of the County Palatine of Durham but states that it is an "impossibility" to tell when the city's modern name came into being.
Durham is likely to be Gaer Weir in Armes Prydein, derived from Brittonic cajr meaning "an enclosed, defensible site" (cf. Carlisle; Welsh caer) and the river-name Wear.
History
Early history
Archeological evidence suggests a history of settlement in the area since roughly 2000 BC. The present city can clearly be traced back to AD 995, when a group of monks from Lindisfarne chose the strategic high peninsula as a place to settle with the body of Saint Cuthbert, that had previously lain in Chester-le-Street, founding a church there.
City origins, the Dun Cow story
Local legend states that the city was founded in A.D. 995 by divine intervention. The 12th-century chronicler Symeon of Durham recounts that after wandering in the north, Saint Cuthbert's bier miraculously came to a halt at the hill of Warden Law and, despite the effort of the congregation, would not move. Aldhun, Bishop of Chester-le-Street and leader of the order, decreed a holy fast of three days, accompanied by prayers to the saint. During the fast, Saint Cuthbert appeared to a certain monk named Eadmer, with instructions that the coffin should be taken to Dun Holm. After Eadmer's revelation, Aldhun found that he was able to move the bier, but did not know where Dun Holm was.
The legend of the Dun Cow, which is first documented in The Rites of Durham, an anonymous account about Durham Cathedral, published in 1593, builds on Symeon's account. According to this legend, by chance later that day, the monks came across a milkmaid at Mount Joy (southeast of present-day Durham). She stated that she was seeking her lost dun cow, which she had last seen at Dun Holm. The monks, realising that this was a sign from the saint, followed her. They settled at a wooded "hill-island" – a high wooded rock surrounded on three sides by the River Wear. There they erected a shelter for the relics, on the spot where Durham Cathedral would later stand. Symeon states that a modest wooden building erected there shortly thereafter was the first building in the city. Bishop Aldhun subsequently had a stone church built, which was dedicated in September 998. This no longer remains, having been supplanted by the Norman structure.
The legend is interpreted by a Victorian relief stone carving on the north face of the cathedral and, more recently, by the bronze sculpture 'Durham Cow' (1997, Andrew Burton), which reclines by the River Wear in view of the cathedral.
Medieval era
During the medieval period the city gained spiritual prominence as the final resting place of Saint Cuthbert and Saint Bede the Venerable. The shrine of Saint Cuthbert, situated behind the High Altar of Durham Cathedral, was the most important religious site in England until the martyrdom of St Thomas Becket at Canterbury in 1170.
Saint Cuthbert became famous for two reasons. Firstly, the miraculous healing powers he had displayed in life continued after his death, with many stories of those visiting the saint's shrine being cured of all manner of diseases. This led to him being known as the "wonder worker of England". Secondly, after the first translation of his relics in 698 AD, his body was found to be incorruptible. Apart from a brief translation back to Holy Island during the Norman Invasion the saint's relics have remained enshrined to the present day. Saint Bede's bones are also entombed in the cathedral, and these also drew medieval pilgrims to the city.
Durham's geographical position has always given it an important place in the defence of England against the Scots. The city played an important part in the defence of the north, and Durham Castle is the only Norman castle keep never to have suffered a breach. In 1314, the Bishopric of Durham paid the Scots a 'large sum of money' not to burn Durham. The Battle of Neville's Cross took place around half a mile west of the city on 17 October 1346 between the English and Scots and was a disastrous loss for the Scots.
The city suffered from plague outbreaks in 1544, 1589 and 1598.
Bishops of Durham
Owing to the divine providence evidenced in the city's legendary founding, the Bishop of Durham has always enjoyed the formal title "Bishop by Divine Providence" as opposed to other bishops, who are "Bishop by Divine Permission". However, as the north-east of England lay so far from Westminster, the bishops of Durham enjoyed extraordinary powers such as the ability to hold their own parliament, raise their own armies, appoint their own sheriffs and Justices, administer their own laws, levy taxes and customs duties, create fairs and markets, issue charters, salvage shipwrecks, collect revenue from mines, administer the forests and mint their own coins. So far-reaching were the bishop's powers that the steward of Bishop Antony Bek commented in 1299 AD: "There are two kings in England, namely the Lord King of England, wearing a crown in sign of his regality and the Lord Bishop of Durham wearing a mitre in place of a crown, in sign of his regality in the diocese of Durham". All this activity was administered from the castle and buildings surrounding the Palace Green. Many of the original buildings associated with these functions of the county palatine survive on the peninsula that constitutes the ancient city.
From 1071 to 1836 the bishops of Durham ruled the county palatine of Durham. Although the term "prince bishop" has been used as a helpful tool in the understanding the functions of the bishops of Durham in this era, it is not a title they would have recognised. The last bishop to rule the palatinate, Bishop William Van Mildert, is credited with the foundation of Durham University in 1832. Henry VIII curtailed some of the bishop's powers and, in 1538, ordered the destruction of the shrine of Saint Cuthbert.
A UNESCO site describes the role of the bishops in the "buffer state between England and Scotland":
From 1075, the Bishop of Durham became a Prince-Bishop, with the right to raise an army, mint his own coins, and levy taxes. As long as he remained loyal to the king of England, he could govern as a virtually autonomous ruler, reaping the revenue from his territory, but also remaining mindful of his role of protecting England’s northern frontier.
Legal system
The bishops had their own court system, including most notably the Court of Chancery of the County Palatine of Durham and Sadberge. The county also had its own attorney general, whose authority to bring an indictment for criminal matters was tested by central government in the case of R v Mary Ann Cotton (1873). Certain courts and judicial posts for the county were abolished by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873. Section 2 of the Durham (County Palatine) Act 1836 and section 41 of the Courts Act 1971 abolished others.
Civil War and Cromwell (1640 to 1660)
The city remained loyal to King Charles I in the English Civil War – from 1642 to the execution of the king in 1649. Charles I came to Durham three times during his reign of 1625–1649. Firstly, he came in 1633 to the cathedral for a majestic service in which he was entertained by the Chapter and Bishop at great expense. He returned during preparations for the First Bishops' War (1639). His final visit to the city came towards the end of the civil war; he escaped from the city as Oliver Cromwell's forces got closer. Local legend stated that he escaped down the Bailey and through Old Elvet. Another local legend has it that Cromwell stayed in a room in the present Royal County Hotel on Old Elvet during the civil war. The room is reputed to be haunted by his ghost. Durham suffered greatly during the civil war (1642–1651) and Commonwealth (1649–1660). This was not due to direct assault by Cromwell or his allies, but to the abolition of the Church of England and the closure of religious institutions pertaining to it. The city has always relied upon the Dean and Chapter and cathedral as an economic force.
The castle suffered considerable damage and dilapidation during the Commonwealth due to the abolition of the office of bishop (whose residence it was). Cromwell confiscated the castle and sold it to the Lord Mayor of London shortly after taking it from the bishop. A similar fate befell the cathedral, it being closed in 1650 and used to incarcerate 3,000 Scottish prisoners, who were marched south after the Battle of Dunbar. Graffiti left by them can still be seen today etched into the interior stone.
At the Restoration in 1660, John Cosin (a former canon) was appointed bishop (in office: 1660–1672) and set about a major restoration project. This included the commissioning of the famous elaborate woodwork in the cathedral choir, the font cover and the Black Staircase in the castle. Bishop Cosin's successor Bishop Lord Nathaniel Crewe (in office: 1674–1721) carried out other renovations both to the city and to the cathedral.
18th century
In the 18th century a plan to turn Durham into a seaport through the digging of a canal north to join the River Team, a tributary of the River Tyne near Gateshead, was proposed by John Smeaton. Nothing came of the plan, but the statue of Neptune in the Market Place was a constant reminder of Durham's maritime possibilities.
The thought of ships docking at the Sands or Millburngate remained fresh in the minds of Durham merchants. In 1758, a new proposal hoped to make the Wear navigable from Durham to Sunderland by altering the river's course, but the increasing size of ships made this impractical. Moreover, Sunderland had grown as the north east's main port and centre for shipping.
In 1787 Durham infirmary was founded.
The 18th century also saw the rise of the trade-union movement in the city.
19th century
The Municipal Corporations Act 1835 gave governing power of the town to an elected body. All other aspects of the Bishop's temporal powers were abolished by the Durham (County Palatine) Act 1836 and returned to the Crown.
The Representation of the People Act 2000 and is regarded as the second most senior bishop and fourth most senior clergyman in the Church of England. The Court of Claims of 1953 granted the traditional right of the bishop to accompany the sovereign at the coronation, reflecting his seniority.
The first census, conducted in 1801, states that Durham City had a population of 7,100. The Industrial Revolution mostly passed the city by. However, the city was well known for carpet making and weaving. Although most of the mediaeval weavers who thrived in the city had left by the 19th century, the city was the home of Hugh MacKay Carpets’ factory, which produced the famous brands of axminster and tufted carpets until the factory went into administration in April 2005. Other important industries were the manufacture of mustard and coal extraction.
The Industrial Revolution also placed the city at the heart of the coalfields, the county's main industry until the 1970s. Practically every village around the city had a coal mine and, although these have since disappeared as part of the regional decline in heavy industry, the traditions, heritage and community spirit are still evident.
The 19th century also saw the founding of Durham University thanks to the benevolence of Bishop William Van Mildert and the Chapter in 1832. Durham Castle became the first college (University College, Durham) and the bishop moved to Auckland Castle as his only residence in the county. Bishop Hatfield's Hall (later Hatfield College, Durham) was added in 1846 specifically for the sons of poorer families, the Principal inaugurating a system new to English university life of advance fees to cover accommodation and communal dining.
The first Durham Miners' Gala was attended by 5,000 miners in 1871 in Wharton Park, and remains the largest socialist trade union event in the world.
20th century
Early in the 20th century coal became depleted, with a particularly important seam worked out in 1927, and in the following Great Depression Durham was among those towns that suffered exceptionally severe hardship. However, the university expanded greatly. St John's College and St Cuthbert's Society were founded on the Bailey, completing the series of colleges in that area of the city. From the early 1950s to early 1970s the university expanded to the south of the city centre. Trevelyan, Van Mildert, Collingwood, and Grey colleges were established, and new buildings for St Aidan's and St Mary's colleges for women, formerly housed on the Bailey, were created. The final 20th century collegiate addition came from the merger of the independent nineteenth-century colleges of the Venerable Bede and St Hild, which joined the university in 1979 as the College of St Hild and St Bede. The 1960s and 70s also saw building on New Elvet. Dunelm House for the use of the students' union was built first, followed by Elvet Riverside, containing lecture theatres and staff offices. To the southeast of the city centre sports facilities were built at Maiden Castle, adjacent to the Iron Age fort of the same name, and the Mountjoy site was developed, starting in 1924, eventually containing the university library, administrative buildings, and facilities for the Faculty of Science.
Durham was not bombed during World War II, though one raid on the night of 30 May 1942 did give rise to the local legend of 'St Cuthbert's Mist'. This states that the Luftwaffe attempted to target Durham, but was thwarted when Cuthbert created a mist that covered both the castle and cathedral, sparing them from bombing. The exact events of the night are disputed by contemporary eyewitnesses. The event continues to be referenced within the city, including inspiring the artwork 'Fogscape #03238' at Durham Lumiere 2015.
'Durham Castle and Cathedral' was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1986. Among the reasons given for the decision were 'Durham Cathedral [being] the largest and most perfect monument of "Norman" style architecture in England', and the cathedral's vaulting being an early and experimental model of the gothic style. Other important UNESCO sites near Durham include Auckland Castle, North of England Lead Mining Museum and Beamish Museum.
Historical
The historic city centre of Durham has changed little over 200 years. It is made up of the peninsula containing the cathedral, palace green, former administrative buildings for the palatine and Durham Castle. This was a strategic defensive decision by the city's founders and gives the cathedral a striking position. So much so that Symeon of Durham stated:
To see Durham is to see the English Sion and by doing so one may save oneself a trip to Jerusalem.
Sir Walter Scott was so inspired by the view of the cathedral from South Street that he wrote "Harold the Dauntless", a poem about Saxons and Vikings set in County Durham and published on 30 January 1817. The following lines from the poem are carved into a stone tablet on Prebends Bridge:
Grey towers of Durham
Yet well I love thy mixed and massive piles
Half church of God, half castle 'gainst the Scot
And long to roam those venerable aisles
With records stored of deeds long since forgot.
The old commercial section of the city encompasses the peninsula on three sides, following the River Wear. The peninsula was historically surrounded by the castle wall extending from the castle keep and broken by two gatehouses to the north and west of the enclosure. After extensive remodelling and "much beautification" by the Victorians the walls were removed with the exception of the gatehouse which is still standing on the Bailey.
The medieval city was made up of the cathedral, castle and administrative buildings on the peninsula. The outlying areas were known as the townships and owned by the bishop, the most famous of these being Gilesgate (which still contains the mediaeval St Giles Church), Claypath and Elvet.
The outlying commercial section of the city, especially around the North Road area, saw much change in the 1960s during a redevelopment spearheaded by Durham City Council; however, much of the original mediaeval street plan remains intact in the area close to the cathedral and market place. Most of the mediaeval buildings in the commercial area of the city have disappeared apart from the House of Correction and the Chapel of Saint Andrew, both under Elvet Bridge. Georgian buildings can still be found on the Bailey and Old Elvet most of which make up the colleges of Durham University.
A Ukrainian combat training center engineer prepares a breaching charge for detonation during training with Canadian and U.S. Army engineers to build their breaching skills, enabling them to teach those skills to Ukrainian army units who will rotate through the combat training center at the International Peacekeeping and Security Center, near Yavoriv, Ukraine, on Feb. 24 (Photo by Sgt. Anthony Jones, 45th Infantry Brigade Combat Team)
Louisville, Ky. - High water on the Ohio River has caused the Army Corps of Engineers to close one of the two 1200-foot lock chambers at McAlpine Locks and Dam. The remaining chamber is open to navigation.
(US Army Corps of Engineers photo taken by Jack Sweeney)
Maryland Army National Guard Soldiers from the 253rd Engineer Company (Sapper) hitched a ride with the New Hampshire Air Guard to Puerto Rico this year for annual training. Nearly 50 Citizen Soldiers from the La Plata, Md., based unit along with eight soldiers from Bosnia and Herzegovina flew to Camp Santiago Joint Maneuver Training Center July 13-27. While there, they trained side-by-side with the 1013th Engineer Company (Sapper) and the 232nd Dive Team from Puerto Rico. The Maryland and Puerto Rican Citizen Soldiers shared best practices, experiences, and lessons learned with each other during the two-week AT.
Louisville, Ky. - High water on the Ohio River.
(US Army Corps of Engineers photo taken by Jack Sweeney)
British postcard by Heroes, London, no. SPC1052.
Muscular Dolph Lundgren (1957), with his square jaw and bold blue eyes, is a Swedish actor, director, martial artist, screenwriter, and producer. Since his breakthrough in Rocky IV (1985), he has starred in more than 40 action films.
Dolph Lundgren was born Hans Lundgren in 1957 in Stockholm to Sigrid Birgitta née Tjerneld, a language teacher, and Karl Johan Hugo Lundgren, an engineer and economist for the Swedish government. At age seven, he tried judo and Gōjū-ryū. He took up Kyokushin karate at the age of 10 and began training with weights as a teenager. Lundgren claims his father was physically abusive and took out his own personal frustrations on his wife and son. He has cited his troubled relationship with his father as the reason he developed a desire to participate in heavy contact sports such as boxing and karate. Despite an early interest in music and the fine arts, Dolph decided to follow in his father's footsteps and pursue an Engineering degree. After having completed his military service, he enrolled at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. He later received a degree in chemistry from Washington State University and a master's degree in chemical engineering from the University of Sydney in 1982. He holds the rank of 3rd dan black belt in Kyokushin karate and was European champion in 1980-1981. While in Sydney, he became a bodyguard for Jamaican singer Grace Jones and began a relationship with her. He received a Fulbright scholarship to MIT and moved to Boston. Jones convinced him to leave the University and move to New York City to be with her and begin acting. He changed his forename to Dolph. After a short stint as a model and bouncer at the Manhattan nightclub The Limelight, Grace Jones got him a small debut role as a KGB henchman in the James Bond film A View to a Kill (John Glen, 1985) starring Roger Moore in his final film as 007. Lundgren's breakthrough came when he starred in Rocky IV (Sylvester Stallone, 1985) as the imposing Soviet boxer Ivan Drago. Since then, he has starred in more than 80 films, including dozens of direct-to-video films in the action genre.
Dolph Lundgren received his first lead role as the mighty He-Man in Masters of the Universe (Gary Goddard, 1987), based on the popular children's toy line and cartoon. He next starred in Red Scorpion (Joseph Zito, 1989), opposite M. Emmet Walsh. He portrayed Marvel Comics character Frank Castle in The Punisher (Mark Goldblatt, 1989), opposite Louis Gossett, Jr. and Jeroen Krabbé. Over the years, the film developed a cult following with some who think it's the best adaptation of the comic and find Lundgren's performance solid as a ghostly and soul-depraved vigilante. Lundgren appeared in the Martial Arts action film Showdown in Little Tokyo (Mark L. Lester, 1991) opposite Brandon Lee as police officers investigating the yakuza. In 1992, Lundgren starred opposite Jean-Claude Van Damme in one of the biggest blockbusters of the year, the Sci-Fi action picture Universal Soldier (Roland Emmerich, 1992). Film critic Roger Ebert did not like the film: "It must be fairly thankless to play lunks who have to fight for the entire length of a movie while exchanging monosyllabic idiocies". In the early 1990s, he also appeared in films such as Dark Angel (Craig R. Baxley, 1990), Joshua Tree (Vic Armstrong, 1993), Johnny Mnemonic (Robert Longo, 1995), co-starring Keanu Reeves, and Blackjack (1998), by Hong Kong action legend John Woo. In 2004, he directed his first film, The Defender, and subsequently directed The Mechanik (2005), Missionary Man (2007), Command Performance (2009), and Icarus (2010), in which he also starred. After a long spell performing in direct-to-video films since 1995, Lundgren reunited with co-star Jean-Claude Van Damme for Universal Soldier: Regeneration (John Hyams, 2009). Lundgren returned to Hollywood with the role of Gunner Jensen in The Expendables (Sylvester Stallone, 2010), alongside Sylvester Stallone and an all-action star cast. He reprised his role in The Expendables 2 (Simon West, 2012) and The Expendables 3 (Patrick Hughes, 2014). Also in 2014, he co-starred in Skin Trade (Ekachai Uekrongtham, 2014), an action thriller with Tony Jaa and Ron Perlman about human trafficking. He filmed a cameo for the Coen brothers' comedy film Hail, Caesar! (2016), portraying a Soviet submarine captain. Lundgren played King Nereus in the popular action epic Aquaman (James Wan, 2018), starring Jason Momoa, and reprised his breakthrough role as Soviet boxer Ivan Drago in the eighth instalment in the Rocky franchise, Creed II (Steven Caple Jr., 2018). Lundgren also returned as Gunner Jensen in Expend4bles (Scott Waugh, 2023). In 1994, Lundgren married Anette Qviberg, a jewellery designer and fashion stylist in Marbella. They have two daughters: Ida Sigrid Lundgren and Greta Eveline Lundgren, both born in Stockholm. In early May 2009, Lundgren's Marbella home was reportedly broken into by three masked burglars who tied up and threatened his wife, but fled when they found a family photo and realised that the house was owned by Lundgren. His wife was traumatised, and they later divorced in 2011. Lundgren married Norwegian personal trainer Emma Krokdal, nearly 40 years his junior, in 2023.
Sources: Sylvie Pazoutova (IMDb), Wikipedia and IMDb.
And, please check out our blog European Film Star Postcards.
Engineer L.D. Porta was known for using multiple rings on steam locomotive valves and pistons. This piston valve shows a the tail rod and front-half of the fireman's side piston rod on RFIRT 119.
Photo Credit: Gabriel Asenjo.
Officials with U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Europe District; Department of Defense Education Activity-Europe; Spangdahlem Air Base 52nd Fighter Wing; LBB Niederlassung Trier; construction teams at OBG Hochbau and UVB Universal-Bau; and the design team with Gaus + Aldinger broke ground March 16, 2017, on the 21st-century Spangdahlem Middle and High School. The school was designed for a capacity of 333 middle school students and 300 high school students. It will take approximately 2.5 years to construct.
This detail is of the boiler plug of a fake Indian made atomic. It is by far the easiest way to spot a fake machine. It sticks out further than on other Atomics and is not polished flat to the machine. It resembles a mushroom. If your machine looks like this: it is made in India and not very old.
Around 2006 brand new atomics started appearing on the market. Though they didn't exactly look brand new... For many years prior to this the only source of Atomic coffee makers was second hand markets and auction houses. Lucky individuals found one in the attic or at a church sale, but most people had to bid high, and pay through the nose.
However all was not as it seemed with these new machines. Although they were labeled as being Bon Trading (australia) imports of Italian made Atomics- they were very poorly made with a rough, hand finished appearance. Many of them did not work very well, and they were 'not quite right'...
It was soon discovered that these machine were made in India and falsely labeled as being made in 'Italy'. The prices of these dodgy machines dropped rapidly and then they disappeared from the market altogether. Today it is hard to find one of these Indian made Atomics and they are collectible in their own right.
For the collector interested in purchasing an Atomic it is a simple matter to identify one of these fakes. The most prominent difference between these machine and earlier Italian made Atomics is the boiler plug. On the Indian machine this plug sticks out in an ugly fashion. Other obvious differences can be seen in the bakelite parts. These parts are much thicker and are poorly formed compared to vintage Italian machines. The filter basket is distinctive: the holes in it appear to be randomly punched with a nail or similar implement by hand.
These machine are not too bad as a hand finished attempt to replicate the atomic form. It is by no means an easy (or cheap) process. Sand casting the body is an art in itself. It is clear this atomic was reverse engineered from an Italian made Atomic- probably a model dating from the 70's. They copied every detail right down to the label.
The example pictured here works and was actually used to make coffee by its original owners for over 4 years. When they purchased it they were told it 'was made in Italy'. When they complained of the poor quality they were sent another one...
However the machine was marketed deceptively, and we would not recommenced using one to actually to make coffee: they are poorly made from inferior materials. There are rumors the alloy was recycled from old car parts...
this example is in the Ikon Exports collection.
101st Engineers' Band Giving a Concert at Boucq, France, Headquarters 26th Division, April 11, 1918.
Consulting engineer Jim Newman (left) and chief engineer Ian Kulin discuss recovery operations, 8 June 2012.
Credit: NEPTUNE Canada
The driver of American-built USATC S160 No.6046 (on loan from the Churnet Valley Railway) awaits clearance to run round at Pickering station, North Yorkshire Moors Railway, on the 5th September 2013.
Children's ride at the historic Chattanooga Choo-Choo Hotel -- converted from the Terminal Station of the Southern Line in Chattanooga, Tennessee. Very nice hotel with some rooms converted from railcars.
21st Theater Sustainment Command color guard leads a procession of 9th Infantry Division WWII Veterans during a commemeration ceremony at the Ramagen bridge March 8, 2010.
A Maine Narrow Gauge Railroad Company Guest Engineer enjoys his 90 minutes of "fame" at the throttle of the 20-ton Monson #4.
On this day, the Maine Narrow Gauge Railroad Company & Museum was running it's Guest Engineer Program, in which patrons can purchase a ticket allowing them to run the locomotive under supervision, for an hour and a half.
Maj. Gen. Leslie Smith, Maneuver Support Center of Excellence and Fort Leonard Wood commanding general, presents Brig. Gen. Peter DeLuca with the Legion of Merit during a change-of-commandant ceremony for the U.S. Army Engineer School, July 30, in Nutter Field House. Army photo by Michael Curtis/Released
37 Combat Engineer Regiment detonate an explosive for the Executrek visit at 5th Canadian Division Support Base (5CDSB) Gagetown during Exercise STRIDENT TRACER (Ex ST 14) on 27 August 2014.
The Canadian Army (CA) in Atlantic Canada is concentrated at 5CDSB Gagetown from 23 to 29 August for a large-scale collective training exercise the likes of which has not been seen for many years. 5th Cdn Div is running Ex ST 14, a leadership training exercise that is providing its members with the opportunity to hone their individual and collective soldiering skills while working side-by-side with fellow soldiers from across Atlantic Canada. Approximately 770 soldiers are involved in the training which is taking place in the 5 CDSB training area.
Photo by: Cpl Steve Wilson, 14 Wing Greenwood
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Soldats du 37e Régiment du génie au combat détone un explosif pour la visite de ExecuTrek pendant l’exercice STRIDENT TRACER 2014 (Ex ST 14) à Base de soutien de la 5e Division du Canada (BS 5 Div CA) Gagetown le 27 août 2014.
L’Armée canadienne du Canada atlantique se regroupe à BS 5 Div CA Gagetown du 23 au 29 août, à l’occasion d’un exercice d’entraînement collectif à grande échelle d’une ampleur qu’on n’a pas vue depuis de nombreuses années. Il s’agit de Ex ST 14, un exercice d’entraînement organisé par 5e Division du Canada (5 Div CA) qui est axé sur le leadership. Il donne l’occasion aux participants de parfaire leurs compétences militaires individuelles et collectives en travaillant aux côtés de leurs collègues de l’ensemble du Canada atlantique. Environ 770 militaires prennent part à l’entraînement, qui a lieu dans le secteur d’entraînement de la BS 5 Div CA.
Photo par: Caporal Steve Wilson, 14e Escadre Greenwood
I spent today way down under the earth near Geneva, visiting CERN's big particle detectors (still being built but expecting data in 2008.)
I'm told the engineer in charge of the scaffolding that helps other engineers clamber around building the big ATLAS detector is this woman, said to be from Finland.
KUWAIT - Soldiers of the 82nd Engineer Battalion, 2nd Armored Brigade Combat Team, 1st Infantry Division partner with the Kuwaiti 11th Engineer Battalion and the 116th Engineer Company from the Utah National Guard on an engineer project near the Kuwait border on Jan. 25, 2016. The BLUEBABE Soldiers are assisting in reestablishing the 120-mile tank ditch, originally constructed in 1993, that has since been deteriorating near the border between the two countries. (U.S. Army photos by Capt. Ed Alvarado)
Highbury Technical College, Portsmouth. Marine Engineers 1977.
Peter Davies, Ian Hoffam, Steve Rickard, Martin McGrath, Bob Barr, Guy Galpin, Richard Gledhill, Rhys Jones.
6 Sept, 2011. A TV Talk-Show under the auspices of HU Faculty of Engineering was organized in the Auditorium of HU Euro Campus on August 16, 2011. More than a 100 students along with Teaching Faculty of Department of Electrical Engineering attended the seminar.
Several renowned personalities from the field of Engineering graced the seminar, including:
Engr. Ms. Naheed Ghazanfar: First Pakistani Woman, Vice President FEICA of SAARC Countries, Member ASXE, USA and safety Engineer Canada.
Engr. Mr. Amir Zamir Ahmad Khan: Secretary Institute of Engineers Pakistan (IEP), Lahore Centre.
Maj. Gen. (R) Muhammad Latif: Director Administration, Hajvery University.
Prof. Dr. Engr. Naeem Akhtar Khan Afridi: Dean Faculty of Engineering, Hajvery University.
Prof. Dr. Engr. Manzar Saeed: Head Faculty of Engineering, Hajvery University.
Dean Faculty of Engineering, Prof. Dr. Naeem Akhtar, in his speech, emphasized the importance of role of engineers in view of the inland and next door destruction caused due to war on terror. He said that Pakistan is a nursery of Engineers for Afghanistan, UAE, Saudi Arabia, UK, USA, China and European Countries, and pointed out the dire need to produce more qualified Engineers.
Ms. Naheed Ghazanfar in her speech revealed that she was the first Civil Engineer in Pakistan. She encouraged the engineering students to prosper in their knowledge, wisdom and courage.
Maj. Gen. (R) Muhammad Latif was proud of Pakistani Engineers’ role in Defense of Pakistan. He praised the mobility, firepower and lethality added by Pakistani Engineers. He pointed out specific fields in which Pakistani Scientists & Engineers have produced better vehicles, weapons, aircrafts missiles and nuclear arsenals. Role of Engineers in Defense Of Pakistan has been commendable, he concluded.
Prof. Dr. Manzar Saeed praised the faculty of engineering and the quality of their teaching at HU, and emphasized on continual innovation if the field of teaching Engineering. There was a interactive session between the Guest Speakers & students, which allowed Students to gain a deeper understanding of the issues raised in the seminar.
Hajvery University (HU) is one of the leading Universities in Lahore. HU is Chartered by Govt. Of Pakistan, Accredited by Higher Education Commission of Pakistan (HEC) and rated W category. HU is a progressive, Student Centric University, focused on offering rigorous, market driven courses in Business, Fashion, Engineering, Computer sciences, Textile Design, Media Studies, Economics, Commerce, Pharmacy & English.For details:
Web: www.hup.edu.pk,
UAN: 042-111-777-007
email: info@hup.edu.pk