View allAll Photos Tagged element
(Indiana State Museum collection, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA)
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A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are over 6100 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.
Elements are fundamental substances of matter - matter that is composed of the same types of atoms. At present, 118 elements are known. Of these, 98 occur naturally on Earth (hydrogen to californium). Most of these occur in rocks & minerals, although some occur in very small, trace amounts. Only some elements occur in their native elemental state as minerals.
To find a native element in nature, it must be relatively non-reactive and there must be some concentration process. Metallic, semimetallic (metalloid), and nonmetallic elements are known in their native state as minerals.
Copper is the only metallic element that has a "reddish" color - it’s actually a metallic orange color. Most metallic elements, apart from gold & copper, are silvery-gray colored. Copper tends to form sharp-edged, irregular, twisted masses of moderately high density. It is moderately soft, but is extremely difficult to break. It has no cleavage and has a distinctive hackly fracture.
Locality: unrecorded / undisclosed
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Photo gallery of copper:
Having friends who are friends of club owners has it's advantages :)
The door bitch outside reluctantly gave us entry tokens, while a queue was starting to form just before 11pm.
Still, an unplanned club visit left me feeling a little underdressed in jeans and slightly ratty casual shoes.
The club was filled with incense, which was not entirely unpleasant, although it was a bit confusing to the senses which insisted of thinking of a quiet temple. Eventually, the doof doof of the RnB and House music won out.
Element Lounge
The Basement 85 Queen St Melbourne 3000
(03) 9670 4880
Reviews:
- www.inthemix.com.au/events/reviews/35451/Intermission_Ele...
- www.melbournepubs.com/v/1931/
We had tried to get into Silk Road, but it looked a bit too posh for an unplanned visit. Perhaps next time...
Just as well we didn't try... the decor is over the top!
- Silk Road on Collins - Deck of Secrets
- Silk Road, by Dani Valent, The Age April 8, 2008 - "Can I have some whitebait with my salt here, mate?"
Harsh comments though!
I love the eating concept at Silk Road, kind of like a food court, except the builder was Kubla Khan not Westfield and your stately pleasure dome is fuelled by flashy $29 cocktails rather than opium pipes. If the food had been better and it had arrived in reasonable time, I'd be happy to hitch another ride.
Silk Road
425 Collins St Melbourne 3000
(03) 9614 4888
Photos:
- Bar Area
- Julia, Isabel, Shanny, Lilian, David, Molley, Ann dancing
- Julia
The Sutro Highlands.
I hosted a small workshop last month on the western edge of San Francisco - along the cypress trees and paths that lead visitors above and among the Sutro Baths. The baths were built by the eponymous mayor of San Franciso, who owned the nearby Cliff House (visible in the last photograph of this post). The baths eventually closed and the buildings burnt during demolition, their ruins now part of the Golden Gate Recreation Area managed by the U.S. Park Service.
The three of us spent about two to three hours walking from the hills, through groves of Cypress, down to the ruins, taking photographs and chatting. Some part of us was shocked that such a monumental structure would be allowed to simply rot here on what seems like valuable property. Perhaps another entrepreneur would have put something here had not the area been taken over by the NPS. In the end, the tranquility of the area overwhelmed us all and we stopped wondering why and focused on using these ruins to frame some beautiful photographs. Contrasting anthropic and natural textures within the frame is a simple and effective recipe for a good photograph and Sutro provides no shortage of opportunities.
This simple frame makes it look as though this image were taken at the end of the world, the last frayed finger of civilization turning to sand before the drumbeat of the waves. It's a quick study in how to compose to alter perception. Turn the camera a few degrees and you see the light pollution from and the buildings of a massive urban center, but, framed correctly, the illusion of isolation and desolation is complete, the end of the sidewalk crumbling in the foreground and the vast, empty and cold, blue sea beyond.
A few minutes earlier and the light was equally beautiful, but much more dramatic. There is a simplicity to making photographs after blue hour has set in, a simplicity I love. It lacks the thrill and pace of trying to immortalize a stunning but fragile sunset, but has all the serenity one can handle. The trick is to wait for the "right" part of blue hour, to wait when the Earth's shadow is deep enough to let through only the foreward scattered, shorter wavelengths of deep blue and violet. Here is an image from the same staircase before the sun had set.
We all learned (and I continue to learn) how quickly sea spray accumulates on the front element. I wished I had brought some glass cleaner and a few wipes with me, as my T-shirt was beginning to prove inadequate towards the end of the night. The wind was whipping chill and water and salt from the tips of the waves onto the glass of my 14mm faster than I could clean it off. Making these images became an exercise in compose, clean, cover and wait. I would get things set, clean the lens quickly, cover it with the lens cap and wait until the waves looked to be just right before quickly removing the cap and exposing before big drops of sea spray had ruined the frame. Here you can see the iconic bows of the Monterey Cypress along the highlands above the baths. The edges of the cliffs are bramble, radiant with small, yellow flowers and the sky in the background is shrouded in fog whipped like cream from California-current-cooled winds.
A few steps down the path and you get a wonderful view of the Marin headlands on the horizon and the setting sun. The two figures on the right, enjoying a peaceful moment together at the western edge of America, make this photograph for me.
An image of the Seal Rocks in the very last moments of twilight, a 3+ minute exposure. One of the things we spoke about during the workshop was how to remove everything you can that distracts from the frame. When you can't remove anything at all, you're done.
Finally, a view from the north of the Sutro Bath ruins - you can see Cliff House above. There is a fisherman down there on the edge of the baths and another photographer walking around somewhere in the frame.
Stuk voor stuk worden de elementen in de eerste tunnelbuis op hun plek gezet, zodat er een ‘mini tunnel voor kabel en leidingen’ in de tunnelbuis ontstaat.
Fotograaf: Jurriaan Brobbel
Bauersche Gießerei, Frankfurt a.M.: Element. Eine Schrift, die Tradition und Gegenwart vereining, s.d.
S4 Graphic Communication pupils are currently completing their Illustration and Presentation folios.
Shown here is a small collection of the 4.6 class shared by Mr. Sludden and Mr. Jennings. Other work will be upped as it becomes available.
Bauersche Gießerei, Frankfurt a.M.: Element. Eine Schrift, die Tradition und Gegenwart vereining, s.d.
Hatchback open, Rear seats upright. Not visible in this picture, but there is a removable skylight over the cargo area. The spare tire is under the floorboard of the cargo area.
webP3170017. see www.sbs.com.au/ondemand/watch/1726824003663
STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE
The 74” Telescope and Coude Spectrograph
– prior to January 2003
The structure was built in 1953, and the installation of
the telescope was completed in 1956. The technology
of the large standing ruin of the large 74 inch telescope,
the Coude Spectrograph building, reflects the
importance given to science in the 1950s. Experiments
in Astrophysics and Astroseismology were carried out.
Manufactured by Grubb Parsons the 74” Reflector
telescope has contributed to optical astronomy in
Australia, and was used extensively throughout the
1950s, 60s and 70s. The telescope, during this time
was considered the ‘work horse’ of the observatory.
74” telescope and Building, 1957 (NAA)
The 74” Telescope Coude Spectrograph
– post January 2003
The remains of the telescope building, the masonry
walls and the dome, although having sustained damage
in the fires, retain high significance. The dome is a
surviving element within the landscape, contributing to
the understanding of the important aesthetic setting of
the group of telescopes which were once dotted along
the North West side of the ridge of Mount Stromlo. The
telescope was destroyed in the fires and cannot be
repaired. For the telescope to continue to operate on
the site it would have to be replaced.
from heritage.anu.edu.au/__documents/heritage-management/herit...
www.cmd.act.gov.au/functions/publications/archived/mcleod...
The Inquiry into the Operational Response to the January 2003 Bushfires.
Inquiry headed by Mr Ron McLeod.
8. Concluding remarks
(An attempt to answer an important question and some brief final remarks)
Damage at present impossible of estimation was caused in the Federal Capital Territory during the weekend by bush fires which raged over a total front of 45 miles along the Murrumbidgee, and crossed it at several points close to Canberra on Saturday afternoon. It was the worst fire in the recollection of district settlers … Although more than 500 volunteers from Canberra, Queanbeyan and Captain’s Flat fought desperately against the fires on a dozen fronts on Saturday, they had no hope of checking it against the fierce wind, which carried the flames along gullies and depressions at amazing speed … Burning tinder was carried five and six miles by the wind before being dropped to start fresh outbreaks in the dry grass and trees. Burning leaves from Uriarra fell on Parliament House at 11am on Saturday.
—Canberra Times Monday 16 January 1939
Were these fires unique?
A number of comments in the media, and in some submissions to the Inquiry, described the January 2003 bushfires as unique or unprecedented. It is necessary to examine this proposition because a judgment about the authorities’ performance in responding to the fires is influenced by knowledge of the nature of the threat they perceived to exist.
Bushfires are a natural part of the Australian environment, particularly in the south-east of the country. They vary in intensity according to climatic conditions (for example, drought, temperature, humidity and wind) and the nature and volume of the available fuel (vegetation essentially). Their rate of spread can also be influenced by topography.
There appears to be some substance behind the proposition that the longer the period since a major bushfire, the more severe a bushfire is likely to be when it does happen. Some have postulated that historical bushfire experience can be viewed in relation to a cycle or to cycles within a cycle. In her useful publication The Complete Bushfire Safety Book1, Joan Webster draws on the work of RH Luke and AG McArthur to describe possible cycles for average to mild bushfires happening every season, serious fires every six or seven years, major fires every 10–11 years, and exceptionally bad ones every 22 years. She notes that the average time between great conflagrations is 44 years and speculates that the apparent rough mathematical relationship with 11 and 22-year cycles might be related to sunspot activity (which intensifies each 11 years), the El Nino phenomenon and other weather patterns.
When the inexact science of climatology is coupled with the science of bushfire behaviour—which is also a very challenging area to submit to scientific explanation—the prospects for speculative hypotheses are large. Nevertheless, whether the cyclical theory is correct or not, it seems well established (even if solely based on the empirical evidence of past events) that very large bushfires will occur from time to time, when the fuel and weather conditions combine in a particular way.
Chapter 1 includes a history of serious fires in the ACT. Reference to that information confirms that some very serious fires have occurred. Further very serious fires occurred in January 2003. In that sense, the most recent fires were not unique, nor were they a one-in-100-year event. They were part of a pattern of serious fires emanating from the Brindabella Range, crossing the Murrumbidgee River, traversing rural grazing properties and because of relatively recent urban development, moving into suburban Canberra.
An examination of the maps in Appendix E is instructive. They show a pattern of serious fires that have mostly emerged to the west of the site of Canberra in the last four decades. Overall, most of the ACT has been burnt by these significant fires, some parts on several occasions, although it will be noted that the 2003 fires led to a larger footprint than any of the previous major fires in the last 80 years.
Were the fires predictable? In terms of when they would actually occur, probably not. Had the fires not been ignited by lightning strikes on 8 January, the ACT community might now be in the situation it was in immediately before they broke out. The high fuel loads in the hills would have remained and the drought conditions would still have had an impact on dryness, although with the onset of cooler winter weather and some rain the immediate fire danger has diminished substantially. Come the next bushfire season, the volatility of the fuels will depend heavily on the amount of rain the ACT receives between now and then. With little rain and high temperatures, though, the extreme dryness that has characterised the drought could return quickly and bring with it a level of threat similar to that which existed in the bushfire season of 2002–03.
The extreme dryness of the soil and vegetation and the high fuel loads in the hills were known, and their significance was generally understood by the bushfire authorities. When the fires broke out, the weather conditions over the ensuing week were relatively benign, even though the winds were unseasonably coming from the east for longer than would normally be expected.
The weather conditions on 18 January were predicted to be extreme but not at record levels. As the fires developed and their cumulative effect hit the city, fire weather indices did reach record levels in some areas.
It seems that it was the factors that combined on 18 January—very high temperatures, strong prevailing winds, high fuel loads, extremely low humidity, extreme dryness in the soil as a consequence of the prolonged drought and, possibly most significantly, the major fires merging—created a fire environment of exceedingly high intensity overall. This may have been responsible for creating extreme localised weather conditions, causing very high winds (up to force 2, tornado strength), increasing the speed of advance of the fires and increasing the extent and length of spotting. The 14-kilometre convection column of hot air and smoke that was created is thought to have collapsed, causing further wild turbulence in the fire zone as it approached Canberra.
Scientists are still studying the fire behaviour in order to gain a clearer understanding of its characteristics. While this endeavour may result in a conclusion that aspects of the fires on 18 January in themselves were unique— in that they helped to add to the knowledge of the characteristics of extreme fire behaviour, specifically relating to wind behaviour and the effect of large fires fusing together—it is the view of the Inquiry that it would be misleading to regard the event as a one-in-100-year occurrence, on this basis alone. Although it was probably the most severe fire experienced in the region in the last 100 years, the emergence of large destructive fires in the region, from time to time, is by no means unique.
It would be more accurate to say that the event was unique in the experience of the residents of Canberra and its surrounds, and probably of all the firefighters, because fires of this kind have never before caused such damage to the region. A house had not been lost to bushfire in suburban Canberra since 1952.
The Inquiry’s view is that one of the lessons of the fires is the realisation that very serious and potentially destructive fires that may threaten the city could happen again in the future. The Canberra community must not forget this. The fires cannot be simply explained away as an unfortunate, unlucky or ‘one-off’ event.
Notes Webster, J 2000, The Complete Bushfire Safety Book, 3rd edn, Random House, Sydney.
A final word
Some concluding observations are necessary so that readers gain a balanced understanding of what is said earlier in this report.
A fundamental question raised by the Inquiry’s examination of the operational response to the January 2003 bushfires is whether, realistically, the fires could have been extinguished at all, before the damage to Canberra occurred. A plausible case can be argued that the effects of the long drought, the build¬up of fuel levels in the mountains, the presence of commercial plantations from close to the source of the fires right up to the edge of the city, and the dangerous weather conditions on 17 and 18 January all combined to make it nigh on impossible to contain or extinguish the fires before they reached Canberra, regardless of the effort and resources that might have been applied.
The Inquiry considers, however, that there was a chance to extinguish the fires if the opportunity to put them out in the first 36 to 48 hours after the lightning strikes had been grasped more vigorously. The ACT fire authorities are criticised for not coming to this realisation quickly enough and for failing to immediately attack the fires with all the aggression they could muster. Had this occurred— while the Inquiry is not in a position to conclude unequivocally that it would have made a difference in the absence of the fullest response that was potentially available—the doubt remains that the fires that originated in the ACT could have been stopped. There would be little ground for criticism if, despite no effort being spared during those critical first days, the fires had in fact proved unstoppable. Unfortunately, in the Inquiry’s judgment, this was not the case.
Many recommendations are made in this report. If they had all been implemented before the fires, would that have made a difference? The Inquiry considers that, had the improvements it recommends in relation to strengthening the initial attack capability of the Bushfire Service already been implemented when the fires first broke out, things could have been different.
Beyond that point, if the fires proved impossible to suppress or contain, they may still have been difficult to stop before they reached Canberra. The Inquiry is confident, though, that with an improved and strengthened bushfire capacity, as recommended, the ACT will be better able to deal with the range of bushfires that are more likely to be encountered in the future. There will still remain the possibility of the occasional very big fire that will fully test the available resources, but the prospect of minimising damage to the city will be improved if the measures recommended are adopted.
The Inquiry questioned at length the personnel responsible for managing the response to the fires and tried to place itself in their shoes so as to reach fair and objective judgments about the critical decision points during the long campaign on the fires. This disaster has had serious consequences for many people, and for the ACT community generally, and it needs to be analysed closely and critically.
Experience is the basis of most of the progression of human knowledge, and there is much we can learn from our mistakes. It is inevitable therefore that inquiries of this kind concentrate on weaknesses, errors and shortcomings. They do not dwell to the same extent on those aspects where systems and people performed satisfactorily or in the way intended.
The Inquiry considers that the basic structure of the ACT Public Service, which underpinned the whole operation and has responded so well during the recovery phase, is fundamentally very sound. Readers need to recognise this when reflecting on the search for improvement that pervades most of the report.
The recommendations made in this report will considerably strengthen the ACT community’s capacity to withstand and recover from serious emergencies including bushfires, in the future. The Government has already made a number of decisions that involve commitment to expend considerable sums of money on improving the operational capability of the emergency service organisations. The Inquiry’s recommendations, if adopted, will involve additional expenditure.
Finally, a word about the people involved. The individual government officials, employees and volunteers spared nothing in terms of their personal commitment during a long and difficult crisis, then as soon as the crisis had passed they had to cope with the demands and complexities of the recovery phase. After that, the investigators started to come along, forcing many of them to relive the experience, asking them to try to reconstruct events from their sometimes blurry recollection, and requiring them to respond to a myriad of hypothetical, and possibly at times irritating, propositions. The Inquiry is full of admiration for the way those people it dealt with who occupied positions of responsibility or authority during the fires continued to respond to the changing challenges of an event that is, in different ways, very much still the focus of their attention.
Any criticism directed at individuals because of the role they were required to perform is in no way intended to question their integrity or their honesty in doing what they felt in the circumstances was the right thing to do at the time.
MAXXI, Roma
21° foto accettata su PhotoVogue il 16 dicembre 2014
www.vogue.it/photovogue/Portfolio/47b057b7-26e9-48a8-b7f2...
New Beginnings. Firstly, Linda, I hadn't seen your similar image when until I went to put this one up so sorry if it looks like I used your idea - I really didn't!! My granddaughter came up with this suggestion when she came for the day.
Korea Live - Honfleur - AUg.2017
All of them are now my friends !
During these ten days , I've been seduced by this Koréan culture... Art, smiling way of life and cute faces !
This little fella is about 9 months old and about 1.5m long. We saw him from our boat not he Daintree River today. Whilst he looks a little cutie you wouldn't want to mess with him.
The Rock and Pillars range of mountains that border the Strath Taieri valley are associated with a highly unusual cloud formation that is found in very few places around the world. The Rock and Pillars have a very flat top with steep slopes on either side, and they lie perpendicular to the prevailing westerly winds. When these “fohn” winds are forced up and over the range it can create a dramatic cloud formation that the locals call “The Taieri Pet.” Meteorologists call it a “lenticular billow cloud.” It can be a single lens-shaped cloud or it can be shaped like a huge stack of pancakes with clear air between the cloud layers. It may seem stationary, but the wind is circulating rapidly through the cloud. Thankfully, it is usually at a high altitude and glider pilots appreciate the powerful updrafts that can lift them to great heights. If a large “Pet” does form it can very occasionally come down to ground level, and it would become quite dangerous to be out in the open on a bike. Take care on steep embankments or bridges, get off your bike and walk, or if necessary, find a place to shelter, or leave the Trail.
Copyright © João Faustino. All rights reserved. It's use without written consent by the author is illegal and punished by law.
www.librosyeditores.com/tiendalemoine/critica-literaria/7...
Editores y distribuidores
El minicuento se ha consolidado como un fenómeno estético que ha provocado una mirada de atención desde los espacios académicos.
El presente estudio desarrolla algunos elementos que sirven de soporte para engranar un posible perfil genérico. Para ello, indaga por medio de una arqueología, la evolución de la narración breve, a través de las culturas milenarias, del tránsito del Medioevo a la modernidad, hasta finalizar en la posmodernidad, época en la que el género llega a su plenitud.
También se hace un enfoque desde la teoría de los géneros, desde el canon propuesto y desarrollado por diversos investigadores iberoamericanos y desde una visión semiótica, a través de una metodología en la que la teoría no excluye la crítica, ni opaca la intuición poética. Todo lo anterior, salpimentando por una selección de minicuentos de los más representativos creadores de esta manifestación literaria.
Faceted diamonds - "Cumulus" brooch with 8 carat diamond at top. (public display, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, USA)
A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are over 5200 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.
Elements are fundamental substances of matter - matter that is composed of the same types of atoms. At present, 118 elements are known (four of them are still unnamed). Of these, 98 occur naturally on Earth (hydrogen to californium). Most of these occur in rocks & minerals, although some occur in very small, trace amounts. Only some elements occur in their native elemental state as minerals.
To find a native element in nature, it must be relatively non-reactive and there must be some concentration process. Metallic, semimetallic (metalloid), and nonmetallic elements are known in their native state.
The element carbon occurs principally in its native state as graphite (C) and diamond (C). Graphite is the common & far less valuable polymorph of carbon. A scarce polymorph of carbon is diamond. The physical properties of diamond and graphite couldn’t be more different, considering they have the same chemistry. Diamond has a nonmetallic, adamantine luster, typically occurs in cubic or octahedral (double-pyramid) crystals, or subspherical to irregularly-shaped masses, and is extremely hard (H≡10). Diamonds can be almost any color, but are typically clearish, grayish, or yellowish. Many diamonds are noticeably fluorescent under black light (ultraviolet light), but the color and intensity of fluorescence varies. Some diamonds are phosphorescent - under certain conditions, they glow for a short interval on their own.
Very rarely, diamond is a rock-forming mineral (see diamondite - www.flickr.com/photos/jsjgeology/14618393527).