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Curiosità :

E' una pianta che è nota fin dai tempi più antichi: secondo la mitologia greca Menta o Mintha era una ninfa amata da Ade, dio degli inferi.

Persefone, moglie di Ade la trasformò in un'erba per gelosia ma, la stessa Persefone le diede l'aroma che le è tipico per ricompensare la ninfa della trasformazione alle quale l'aveva assoggettata. Anche nell'Antico testamento viene citata come essenza utilizzata per profumare le mense ed elevare lo spirito.

I Cinesi la utilizzavano per le sue proprietà calmanti e antispasmodiche. Ippocrate la considerava afrodisiaca mentre Plinio ne vantava le proprietà analgesiche. .......Io la uso per non fare entrare in casa le formiche

Trivia:

It 'a plant that has been known since ancient times: according to Greek mythology or Minthe Mint was a nymph loved by Hades, god of the underworld.

Persephone, the wife of Hades turned her into a herb out of jealousy, but Persephone gave her the same aroma that is typical to reward the nymph of the transformation to which the subject had. Even in the Old Testament is quoted as the essence of the tables used to perfume and lift the spirit.

The Chinese used it for its calming and antispasmodic. Hippocrates and Pliny considered it an aphrodisiac boasted about the analgesic properties. ....... I use to keep out the ants in the house

Siling-labuyo (cayenne) by DOLCEVITALUX

8 5

Folkloric

- Bruised berries used as powerful rubefacient; used for sore throats. Also used as gargle.

- Externally, a strong rubefacient that acts gently with no danger of vesication.

- Arthritis and rheumatism: Crush fruit, mix with oil and apply on affected part.

- Dyspepsia and flatulence: Eaten as condiment or drank as infusion as a stimulant and antispasmodic.

- Infusion of the fruit is stimulant, stomachic and antispasmodic; used for dyspepsia and flatulence.

- Infusion preparation: 3-10 grains every 2 hours to a cup of boiling water.

- Toothache: Juice of the pepper pressed into the tooth cavity.

- Rheumatism: Poultice of cayenne applied over affected parts.

- Fomentation of leaves and fruits applied to rheumatic pains.

- Leaves of some varieties used for dressing wounds and sores.

- Strong infusion of fruit of hotter varieties applied as lotion for ringworm of the scalp.

- Used in typhus intermittent fevers and dropsy.

- Externally, used as rubefacient , and internally as stomachic.

- Chile vinegar, made from pouring hot vinegar upon the fruit, used as stomachic.

- Chillies, combined with cinchona, used for lethargic affections, atonic gout, dyspepsia with flatulence, tympanites and paralysis.

- As rubefacient, mixed with with 10 to 20% cotton-seed oil, applied as cataplasm or as liniment.

- Powder or tincture used for relaxed uvula.

- Used in typhus intermittent fevers, gout, dyspepsia, cholera.

- Ancient Mayans used it for treatment of coughs, sore throat and coughs.

- In Jamaica, used by traditional healers to treat diabetes mellitus.

- Aztecs used chile pungency for toothaches

source: stuart xchange

Drosera rotundifolia by iwan van hoogmoed

13 3

canon eos 60D; 100mm macro; extension tubes; newport 430 linear stage;berlebach mini; F4;iso400;1/20; 85 pic stacked in zerene.

this small carnivore plant, or insectivore, use this technic for getting nutrients because it's growing on peatlands which is very poor in nutrients.

beside that its a medicinal plant: (Antiseptic, antispasmodic, antitussive, antipyretic) and was use for cure (Whooping cough, tuberculosis, hoarseness, cough, warts)

This image is taken from United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 16, Nos. 1-6, 1922 by Medical Heritage Library, Inc.

Go to the Book with image in the Internet Archive

Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 16, Nos. 1-6, 1922

Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery

Publisher:

Sponsor:

Contributor:

Date: 1922-01

Language: eng

Table of Contents

Number 1

PREFACE v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS vi

SPECIAL ARTICLES:

Mosquito eradication.

By Commander A. H. Allen, Medical Corps, U. S. N 1

Hospital morale.

By Colonel E. L. Munson, Medical Corps, U. S. A 8

The pathologist as an essential factor in clinical diagnosis.

By Lieutenant Commander J. Harper, Medical Corps, U. S. N 14

Tonsillectomy, a surgical procedure.

By Commander G. B. Trible, Medical Corps, U. S. N 17

Cholelithiasis.

By Lieutenant Commander W. A. Brums, Medical Corps, U. S. N.R. F 25

HISTORICAL :

With Anson to Juan Fernandez, Part I.

By Lieutenant Commander W. M. Kerr, Medical Corps, U. S. N 35

EDITORIAL:

U. S. Naval Medical Bulletin —On a correspondence course for Naval

Medical Officers —On The Danger Of Using Strong Solutions Of Phenol In The Ear 43

IN MEMORIAM:

Andrew Reginold Wentworth, 1859-1921 49

HONORS AND DISTINCTIONS 51

CLINICAL NOTES :

BRONCHO-PNEUMONIA AND BRONCHOSTENOSIS FOLLOWING APPENDECTOMY.

By Lieutenant Commander I. W. Jacobs, Medical Corps, U. S. N_ 57

Report of four surgical cases.

By Lieutenant Commander J. J. A. McMullin, Medical Corps, U. S. N 58

Chronic cholecystitis.

By Lieutenant C. S. Norburn, Medical Corps, U. S. N 63

One hundred mastoid operations.

By Lieutenant J. W. Green, Medical Corps, U. S. N 89

PROGRESS IN MEDICAL SCIENCES :

General medicine. — Study of transfused blood.— Oral administration of

pituitary extract. —Causes and treatment of high blood pressure.—Pernicious

anemia. —Differential diagnosis between varicella and variola. — Predisposing

factor in diphtheria. —Chronic nephritis 71

Surgery. —First-aid work on shore with Royal Naval Division. — Surgery

of naval wounded in hospital yachts and small craft. —Non-surgical drainage of

the biliary tract S9 Tropical medicine. —Course of migration of ascaris larvae.

—Treatment of fluke diseases. —Laboratory observations on malaria. — Leprosy.

—Tuberculosis in Hongkong. —Feeding habits of stegomyia calopus. —Mononuclear

leucocyte count in malaria 97

Chemistry. —Experimental studies in diabetes. —Experimental studies in

diabetes. —Experiments on raw white of egg. —Antiscorbutic action of raw

potato. —Diet in hyperthyroidism. —Botulism. — Pituitary extract and histamine

in diabetes insipidus. —Protein in the cerebrospinal fluid. —Urine in pellagra.

—Acidosis in operative surgery. —Fats and Lipoids in blood after hemorrhage. —

Albumin, lymphocytic cells, and tubercle bacilli in sputum. — Nitrous oxide and

cholemia.— Lipoids in treatment of drug addiction disease.— Modification of

action of adrenaline by chloroform. — Anesthetic and convulsant effects of

gasoline vapors. —Absorption of local anesthetics through the genito-urlnary

organs. — Occult blood in the feces. —lTse of iodine for disinfecting the skin.

— Food value of various fats. —Chloride metabolism. —Urine hemolysis

coefficient. —Hemolytic substances in human urine. — Glucemia and glucosuria.

—Pharmacology of some benzyl esters.—Indican In water as an aid to hygienic

water analysis. —Relation of dextrose of blood to antipyrine. — Toxic effects

of chlorine antiseptics in

dogs. —Reaction to epiuephrin administered by rectum. — Renal

excretion. — Effect of water diuresis on the elimination of certain urinary

constituents 100

Eye, eak, nose, and throat. —Eye disease due to syphilis and trypanosomiasis

among negroes of Africa. —Lung abscess following tonsillectomy 111

NOTES AND COMMENTS:

Montaigne and medicine. —Venereal prophylaxis in Pacific Fleet. —

Benzyl benzoate. — Expedition of London School of Tropical Medicine to British

Guiana. —National board of medical examiners. — Papers by naval medical

officers. —Chaulmoogra oil in tuberculosis.—An operating room 100 years ago ,

133

NURSE CORPS :

Instruction at Oteen.

By Miss E. L. Hehir, Chief Nurse, U. S. N 121

Letter From Surgeon General To Director Of Department Of Nursing,

American Red Cross 122

DIGEST OF DECISIONS 125

BOOK NOTICES 131

QUERIES 139

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE STATISTICS, LETTERS, ORDERS, NEW LEGISLATION,

MOVEMENTS OF OFFICERS AND NURSES 141

Number 2

PREFACE v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS vi

SPECIAL ARTICLES :

Size of the normal heart, a teleroentgen study.

By Commander H. W. Smith and Lieutenant Commander W. A. Bloedorn,

Medical Corps, U. S. N 218 Physical development of midshipmen.

By Lieutenant E. B. Taylor, Medical Corps, U. S. N 239

Some elements of leadership.

By E. L. Munson, Colonel, Medical Corps, U. S. A 251

HISTORICAL:

With Anson to Juan Fernandez, part II.

By Lieutenant Commander W. M. Kerr, Medical Corps, U. S. N 265

EDITORIAL :

On the making of abstracts —on the expression of visual acuity in

medical reports 280

SUGGESTED DEVICES :

A FORM " X " CARD.

By Captain A. Farenholt, Medical Corps, U. S. N 283

CLINICAL NOTES :

Results of refraction of seventy-six midshipmen.

By Lieutenant F. A. Hughes, Medical Corps, U. S. N 285

Recurrence in a case of hydatid disease.

By Lieutenant C. S. Norburn, Medical Corps, U. S. N 288

A DIAGNOSTIC SIGN DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN ERUPTIONS CAUSED BY COWPOX

VACCINATION AND THOSE DUE TO SMALLPOX AND CHICKEN POX.

By Commander P. R. Stalnaker, Medical Corps, U. S. N 290

Report of three "hallux valgus" (bunion ) operations, using Mayo's

technique.

By Commander A. H. Robnett, Medical Corps, U. S. N 291

REPORTS :

The hospital standardization program of the American College of Surgeons.

By Commander R. C. Holcomb, Medical Corps, U. S. N 293

PROGRESS IN MEDICAL SCIENCES.

General Medicine. —Chronic myocarditis and its management. — Experiments

on the preservation of lemon juice and prevention of scurvy. —Scurvy : A system

of prevention for a polar expedition based on present-day knowledge. —Venous

puncture by means of steel needles.— Wassermann reaction 301

Surgery. —First aid work on shore with Royal Naval Division.— Hypertrophic

tuberculosis of the ileocecal region. —Importance of examination of patients by

the anesthetist previous to anesthesia. —Experimental and histological

investigation of rectal fistulas. —Treatment of fractures of the humerus by

suspension and traction. — Fractures of the head and neck of the radius 310

Tropical Medicine.—Oriental Sores. —Afebrile quartan malaria with

urticaria. —Three schistosomes in Natal which possibly attack man.—Cultivation

of trichomonas hominis. —Acute bacillnry dysentery. —Monilias of the

gastro-intestinal tract in relationship to sprue.—Hookworm infection in Brazil.

—Relapsing fever in Panama. —Treatment of kala-azar with some antimonial

preparations. —Human infection with Isospora hominis. —Etiology of gangosa and

its relation to papulocircinate yaws 324 Physiological Chemistry. —Ion

migration between cells and plasma. —Experimental rickets in rats. —Extraction

and concentration of vitamines. —Respiration and blood alkali during carbon

monoxide asphyxia. —Antiketogenesis. —The Effect of heat and oxidation upon

antiscorbutic vitamine.—Production of rickets by diets low in phosphorus and

fat-soluble A. vitamines. —Effect of muscular exercise upon certain common

blood constituents. — Comparative influence of green and dried plant tissue,

cabbage, orange juice, and cod liver oil on calcium assimilation. —Method for

the determination of sugar in normal urine. —Parathyroids and creatinine.

—Variations in the acid-base balance of the blood. — Thiocyanate content of the

saliva and urine in pellagra 329

Eye, ear, nose, and throat.—Use of scarlet red emulsion in atrophic

rhinitis (ozena). Accessory sinus blindness 329

NOTES AND COMMENTS:

Spiders in Medicine. —Meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology

and Oto-laryngology. —Meeting of the American Dietetic Association. —Japanese

medical world. —Some submarine notes. — School of Tropical Medicine at

Calcutta. —Army method of han dling syphilis. —Prophylactic vaccination for the

prevention of pneumonia 339

NURSE CORPS 351

DIGEST OF DECISIONS 353

BOOK NOTICES 355

QUERIES 361

NOTES ON PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, PREVENTIVE MEDICINE STATISTICS, LETTERS,

ORDERS, NEW LEGISLATION, MOVE MENTS OF OFFICERS AND NURSES 363

Number 3

PREFACE v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS VI

SPECIAL ARTICLES :

Revaccination Against Smallpox And A Discussion Of Immunity Following

Cowpox Vaccination.

By Lieutenant E. Peterson, Medical Corps, U. S. N 411

Some elements of leadership.

By Colonel E. L. Munson, Medical Corps, U. S. N 433

Hyperthyroidism.

By Commander T. W. Reed, Medical Corps, U. S. N 454

HISTORICAL:

The history of anesthesia in America.

By Captain J. S. Taylor, Medical Corps, U. S. N 461

A history of blood transfusion.

By Lieutenant Commander W. M. Kerr, Medical Corps, U. S. N__ 465

EDITORIAL :

On education for our idle hours. On line of duty 477

SUGGESTED DEVICES :

The technique of making and staining frozen sections.

By Lieutenant Commander J. Harper, Medical Corps, U. S. N 481

CLINICAL NOTES :

Neurosyphilis.

By Lieutenant Commander H. Butts and Lieutenant W. M. Alberty, Medical

Corps, U. S. N 483

Treatment of surgical ulcers of stomach and duodenum.

By Lieutenant Commander J. J. A. McMullin, Medical Corps, U. S. N 497

Foreign body in the right lower bronchus.

By Lieutenant J. W. Green, Medical Corps, U. S. N 506

PROGRESS IN MEDICAL SCIENCES :

General medicine. —Treatment of gastric ulcer. —Meningococcus

infection. —Syphilis of the heart. — Standard of cure in gonorrhea. —

Provocative procedures in diagnosis of syphilis.—Intraspinal treatment of

neurosyphilis. —Dissemination of spirochseta pallida from the primary focus of

infection. —Abdominal syphilis.—Pulmonary syphilis.—Diagnosis and treatment of

early syphilis. —Reinfection and curability in syphilis. —Local and general

spirochetosis. —Use of arsphenamine in nonsyphilitic diseases.—Prophylaxis of

syphilis with arsphenamine 509

Surgery. —Epitheliomata of thymic origin.—Surgical treatment of

epithelioma of the Hp. —Light and heat treatment of epididymitis-- 521

Tropical medicine. — Recent progress in medical zoology. — Intravenous

injection of antimony tartrate in bilharzia disease.—Complexion of malaria

cases. —Standard treatment of malaria 524

Physiological chemistry. —Determination of the basal metabolism from

the carbon-dioxide elimination.—Supplementary values of proteins. — Studies in

the vitamine content. — Sampling bottle for Sins analysis. —Fat-soluble

vitamine. —Effect of hydrochloric acid ingestion upon composition of urine in

man 530

Eye, ear, nose, and throat.—Conditions predisposing to hemorrhage in

tonsil operations. —Statistical record of serious and fatal hemorrhage

following operation on the tonsil 540

NOTES AND COMMENTS:

Tenth revision of the United States Pharmacopoeia.— Vaccine in the

prevention of pneumonia. -—Three old books. —Removal of stains from wash goods.

—Health of the French Mediterranean fleet during the war. —Treatment of

poisoning due to the venom of a snake. —Annual health report of the German Navy

543

NURSE CORPS 561

DIGEST OF DECISIONS 567

BOOK NOTICES 569

QUERIES 572

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, STATISTICS, LETTERS, ORDERS, NEW LEGISLATION,

MOVEMENTS OF OFFICERS AND NURSES 574

Number 4

PREFACE , v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS VI

SPECIAL ARTICLES:

Medical aspects of gas warfare.

By Lieutenant G. H. Mankin, Medical Corps, U. S. N 641

The alcohol question in Sweden.

By Commander J. S. Taylor, Medical Corps, U. S. N 649

The social service worker and the ex-service man.

By Lieutenant J. T. Boone, Medical Corps, U. S. N 653

Review of the reorganization of the sanitary and public health work in

the Dominican Republic under the United States military government of Santo

Domingo.

By Commander R. Hayden, Medical Corps, U. S. N 657

Some lessons of the World War in medicine and surgery from the German

viewpoint.

By Commander W. S. Bainbridge, Medical Corps, U. S. N. R, F 672

HISTORICAL :

James Inderwick, Surgeon, United States Navy, 1818-1815.

By Captain F. L. Pleadwell, Medical Corps, U. S. N 699

EDITORIAL :

The three horsemen and the body louse 713

CLINICAL NOTES:

Note on the use of Mercurochrome-220 within the peritoneum.

By Lieutenant Commander Lucius W. Johnson, Medical Corps,

U. S. N 717

Ten-second sterilization.

By Lieutenant Commander H. E. Harvey, Dental Corps, U. S. N. 717

The use of Mercurochrome-220 in infected wounds.

By Lieutenant W. L. Martin, Medical Corps, U. S. N 718

Notes on motor points.

By Commander W. S. Bainbridge, Medical Corps, U. S. N. R. F__ 719

PROGRESS IN MEDICAL SCIENCES:

Tropical medicine. —Treatment of human trypanosomiasis with

tryparsamide. —Wassermann reaction in malaria. —Wassermann reaction in malarial

fevers. — Rat repression by sexual selection. — Case of tubercular leprosy

treated by intravenous injections of stibenyl. —Bismuth-emetine treatment for

amebic dysentery and amebiasis. —Malaria incidence on the Canal

Zone.—Experiment of leper segregation in the Philippines.— Detection of Lamblla

lntestlnalls by means of duodenal tube. —Balantidium coll and pernicious

anemia. —Tropical myositis. —Differential diagnosis of the common intestinal

amebae of man.—Contributions to the biology of the Danish culicidae. —Treatment

of sleeping sickness. —Bilharzia disease treated with tartar emetic.

—Iso-agglutination group percentages of Filipino bloods.—Public health in the

Dominican Republic , 721

Chemistry. —Metabolism of the man of the Tropics. —Disturbances in the

development of mammalian embryos caused by radium emanation. —Ammonia content

of the blood and its bearing on the mechanism of acid neutralization in the

animal organism 735

NOTES AND COMMENTS:

Dispersion of flies by flight.—International Association of the History

of Medicine. —Incineration of latrine contents. —Far Eastern Association of

Tropical Medicine. —Care of the sick and wounded of the North Russia

Expeditionary Force. —Manufacture of soft soap. —the upkeep of rats. —Erratum

739

NURSE CORPS 749

DIGEST OF DECISIONS 7B9

BOOK NOTICES 768

QUERIES 767

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, STATISTICS, LETTERS, ORDERS, NEW LEGISLATION,

MOVEMENTS OF OFFICERS AND NURSES 769

Number 5

PREFACE V

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS vi

SPECIAL ARTICLES :

ON THE ENDOCRINE GLANDS.

By Surgeon Captain Masaharu Kojlma, Imperial Japanese Navy. 821

Aviation medicine in the United States Navy.

By Lieutenant J. F. Neuberger, Medical Corps, U. S. N 834

Pyelonephritis : A critical review of one hundred cases.

By Lieutenant Commander O. C. Foote, Medical Corps, U. S. N— 844

Recurrent hernia.

By Lieutenant Commander Lucius W. Johnson, Medical Corps, U. S. N 849

Meningococcus septicemia.

By Lieutenant Commander W. A. Bloedorn, Medical Corps, U. S. N 855

HISTORICAL:

Peter St. Medard, surgeon in the Navy of the United States.

By Lieutenant Commander W. M. Kerr, Medical Corps, U. S. N. 867

The study of medicine in Strasbourg.

By Captain J. S. Taylor, Medical Corps, U. S. N 874

EDITORIAL :

On the acquisition of useless knowledge. —ON the conservation of gauze

877

CLINICAL NOTES :

Report of a case of shark bite.

By Lieutenant Commander C. R. Baker and Lieutenant C. W. Rose, Medical

Corps, U. S. N 881

A practical treatment of acute ulcerative gingivitis.

By Lieutenant C. R. Wells, Dental Corps, U. S. N 885

REPORTS:

A report of the international standardization of sera 885

PROGRESS IN MEDICAL SCIENCES:

General Medicine. —Metabolism in pellagra. —-One thousand one hundred

goiters in one thousand seven hundred eighty-three persons. —Diphtheria carriers

and their treatment with mercurochrome.

—Method for determination of death by drowning. — Strain in

Spirochetes. —Hereditary blood qualities 889

Surgery. —Peri-arterial sympathetlcs. —Factors in bone repair.

—Operations on the gall bladder and bile ducts. —Operative procedures for

different kinds of goiter. —Varicose ulcers. —Cancer of the tongue 896

Tropical Medicine.—La maladie des oedemes a Java. —Dysentery.— Dysentery.

—Natural immunity of wild rats to plague.— Charcot-Leyden crystals in the

stools as an aid to the diagnosis of entamoebic

dysentery. —Glycosuria of malarial origin. —Dermatitis venenata

produced by an irritant present in stem sap of the mango. —Treatment of

trichuriasis with Leche de Higueron. — Malaria in Eastern Cuba. —Dhobie itch

produced by inoculating with a culture of Epidermophyton rubrtim. —Ueber eineu

Fall von Filaria loa 901

NOTES AND COMMENTS :

The immunization of adults with the diphtheria toxin-antitoxin mixture.

— Smallpox in the colony of Bahamas. — Meeting of Royal Society of Tropical

Medicine and Hygiene. —Curative effects of chaulmoogra oil derivatives on

leprosy. — Virulence of tubercle bacilli under changing environment. —Malaria

in Bulgaria. — Methods of drainage. — Use of white lead in paints. —A method of

preventive inoculation for smallpox. — Paper on hospital ship ventilation. —

Papers by medical officers of the Navy 907

NURSE CORPS 919

DIGEST OF DECISIONS 923

BOOK NOTICES 929

QUERIES 935

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, STATISTICS, LETTERS, ORDERS, NEW LEGISLATION,

MOVEMENTS OF OFFICERS AND NURSES 937

Number 6

PREFACE v

NOTICE TO SERVICE CONTRIBUTORS vi

SPECIAL ARTICLES :

Hydrogen-ion concentration.

By Lieutenant Commander C. W. O. Bunker. Medical Corps, U. S. N 973

Aviation medicine in the United States Navy.

By Lieutenant J. F. Neuberger, Medical Corps, U. S. N 083

Developments in the diagnosis and treatment of syphilis.

By Lieutenant L. W. Shaffer, Medical Corps, U. S. N 1011

HISTORICAL:

The old anatomical school at Padua.

By Lieutenant Commander W. M. Kerr, Medical Corps, U. S. N- 1015

EDITORIAL:

On carbon monoxide asphyxia. —On the habit of reading 1029

SUGGESTED DEVICES :

The method of preparing colloidal gold solution used at the U. S. Naval

Medical School.

By Lieutenant J. Harper, Medical Corps, U. S. N., and Chief Pharmacist

C. Schaffer. Medical Corps, U. S. N 1037

PROGRESS IN MEDICAL SCIENCES:

General Medicine. —Prognostic significance of persistent high blood

pressure. — Standardization of the Wassermann reaction. —Modern conceptions of

the treatment of syphilis. —Treatment of neurosyphilis. —Treatment of visceral

syphilis. —New technique for staining Treponema pallida. —Method of

demonstration of spirochteta pallida in the tissues 1041

Surgery. —Postoperative pulmonary complications 1051

Tropical Medicine. —Activities of infective hookworm larvae in the

soil. —Use of carbon letrachlorid for removal of hookworms — Hemotoxins from

parasitic worms. — Specific treatment of malaria. —Malaria epidemic in Naras in

1918. —Dysentery. — Une nouvelle maladie a bacilles acido-resistants qui n'est

ni la tuberculose, ni la lepre. —Malaria epidemic caused by M. Sinensis. —

Vesical bilharziasis, indigenous to Portugal. —An exceptional tropical

ulceration 1053

Physiological Chemistry. —Action of antispasmodic drugs on the

bronchus. —Methanol on trial.— Nature of beriberi and related diseases. —Ethyl

alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine on the behavior of rats in a maze. —Biliary

obstruction required to produce Jaundice.—Transfused blood.— Anthelmintics and

hookworm treat ment.—Chemotherapy. —Influence of morphine in experimental

septicemia.— Fumigation with formaldehyde. —Lesions in bones of rats suffering

from uncomplicated berberi 1062

Eye, ear, nose, and throat. —Nose, throat, and ear requirements of

airmen. —Septicemia and death following streptococcus tonsillitis.— Gangosa.—

Iritis caused by focal infection.— Episcleritis.. 1065

NOTES AND COMMENTS :

Toxic effects of picric acid. —Chemical warfare. — Destruction of the

dirigible ZR-2.—Outbreaks of plague in South Africa. —Relation of species of

rat fleas to the spread of plague. —Diary of William

Clift. —Medicine in art. —Therapeutic index of silver arsphenamin.

—Antiscorbutic vitamins contained in dehydrated fruits. — Hookworm survey.

—Treatment of amoebic dysentery 1071

REPORTS :

Report of the health of the Royal Air Force for the year 1920. 1083

NURSE CORPS 1095

DIGEST OF DECISIONS 1099

BOOK NOTICES 1103

QUERIES 1111

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE STATISTICS, LETTERS, ORDERS 1115

INDEX i

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Crataegus monogyna (Particolare delle drupe) by Gino Cherchi

Crataegus monogyna

Famiglia: Rosaceae

Nome comune:Biancospino

Distribuzione:

Comune in Europa, Asia e Nord Africa; in Sardegna è molto comune.

Nell'antica Grecia e a Roma il Biancospino era considerato una pianta fortemente simbolica legata alle idee di speranza, matrimonio e fertilità.

Proprietà medicinali: diuretiche, ipotensive, astringenti, antispasmodiche, sedative, vaso- dilatatrici, antidiarroiche.

Il Biancospino viene utilizzato per placare il senso di angoscia e di oppressione e l'inquietudine.

Curiosità:

Il nome deriva dal greco “kratos” = duro per la resistenza del suo legno.

Viene spesso usato come portainnesto per il sorbo o il pero.

Crataegus monogyna

Family: Rosaceae

Common name: Hawthorn

distribution:

Common in Europe, Asia and North Africa, Sardinia is very common.

In ancient Greece and Rome, the hawthorn plant was considered a highly symbolic linked to the ideas of hope, marriage and fertility.

Medicinal Properties: diuretic, hypotensive, astringent, antispasmodic, sedative, vaso-dilator, anti-diarrheal.

The Hawthorn is used to appease the sense of anguish and oppression and unrest.

Trivia:

The name derives from the greek "kratos" = hard for the strength of its wood.

It is often used as a rootstock for pear or rowan.

Crataegus monogyna

Familia: Rosaceae

Nombre común: Espino

Distribución:

Común en Europa, Asia y el Norte de África, Cerdeña es muy común.

En la antigua Grecia y Roma, la planta de espino era considerado un gran simbolismo ligado a las ideas de la esperanza, el matrimonio y la fertilidad.

Propiedades Medicinales: diuréticas, hipotensoras, astringente, antiespasmódico, sedante, vaso-dilatadores, anti-diarreicos.

El espino se usa para aplacar la sensación de angustia y opresión y malestar.

Curiosidad:

El nombre deriva de las "kratos" griegas = duro para la fuerza de su madera.

A menudo se utiliza como patrón para la pera o el serbal.

sambong with insect (camphor) by DOLCEVITALUX

4 5

Folkloric

- Leaves as poultice for abscesses.

- Decoction of roots and leaves for fevers, kidney stones, and cystitis.

- Decoction of leaves used to induced diuresis for purpose of treating kidney stones.

- Sitz-bath of boiled leaves, 500 gms to a gallon of water, for rheumatic pains of waist and back.

- Used in upper and lower respiratory tract affections like sinusitis, asthmatic bronchitis, influenza.

- Applied while hot over the sinuses. Used for wounds and cuts.

Fresh juice of leaves to wounds and cuts.

- Poultice of leaves applied to the forehead for relief of headaches.

- Tea is used for colds and as an expectorant; likewise, has antispasmodic and antidiarrheal benefits.

Postpartum baths.

- In Vietnam, decoction of fresh leaves used for cough and influenza or as inhalation of vapour from boiling of leaves. Poultices of pounded leaves applied to hemorrhoids; an alcoholic maceration used as liniment for rheumatism.

- 3% ethanol solution used to soothe itching.

- In Thailand, dried leaves are chopped, made into cigarettes and smoked for treating sinusitis.

- For fever, leaves boiled and when lukewarm used as sponge bath.

- Decoction of roots used for fever.

- Decoction of leaves, 50 gms to a pint of boiling water, 4 glasses daily, for stomach pains.

- In SE Asia widely used for various women problems. Postpartum, leaves are used in hot fomentation over the uterus to induce rapid involution. Also used for menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding and leucorrhea.

- Roots used for menorrhagia.

- Decoction of roots and leaves used for rheumatism and arthritis; also used for treatment of postpartum joint pains.

- Poultice of fresh leaves applied to affected joint.

- In Chinese and Thai medicine, leaves used for treatment of septic wounds and other infections.

- A sitz-bath of boiled leaves used in the treatment of lumbago and sciatica.

- In Chinese medicine, used as carminative, stimulant, vermifuge, expectorant, and sudorific.

source: stuart xchange

_DSC3297 Gulden Sleutelbloem / Cowslip primrose by Gert Paassen

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Wetenschappelijk: Primula veris

Scientific name: Primula veris

English: Cowslip (Cowslip primrose)

Français: Primevère officinale

Deutsch: Wiesen-Schlüsselblume

Gulden sleutelbloem

Rode Lijst: Kwetsbaar. Beschermd!

Primula veris L.

Familie Primulaceae.

Diagnostische kenmerken

Bladsteel aan de onderzijde zeer kort behaard. Kelk wijd klokvormig, met eironde of driehoekige, stompe tot kort toegespitste tanden. Zoom van de bloemkroon klokvormig verdiept, 0,75-1,5 cm breed, dooier geel, meestal met 5 oranjegele vlekken aan de keel.

Hoogte bloeiende plant

0,15-0,30 m.

Bloeitijd

April-juni, soms weer in de herfst.

Levensvorm

Hemikryptofyt.

Standplaats

Op vochtige, meestal kalkrijke grond in graslanden en loofbossen, in uiterwaarden en aan rivierdijken.

Zeldzaamheid en verspreiding

Zeldzaam in het Zuidlimburg district, zeer zeldzaam in het Fluviatiel district, het Kempens district en het Renodunaal district.

Ook in cultuur als tuinplant en dan soms met rode bloemen.

Many of the Primrose tribe possess active medicinal properties. Besides the Cowslip and the Primrose, this family includes the little Scarlet Pimpernel (Anagallis), as truly a herald of warm summer weather as the Primrose is of spring, the Yellow Loosestrife and the Moneywort (Lysimachia vulgaris and Nummularia), the handsome Water Violet (Hottonia) and the nodding Cyclamen or Sowbread, all of which have medicinal value to a greater or lesser degree. Less important British members of the group are the Chaffweed (Centunculus minimus), one of the smallest among British plants, the Chickweed Wintergreen (Trientalis), the Sea Milk-wort (Glaux maritima), which has succulent salty leaves and has been used as a pickle, and the Common Brookweed or Water Pimpernel (Samolus).

The botanical name of the order, Primulaceae, is based on that of the genus Primula, to which belong not only those favourite spring flowers of the country-side, the Primrose, Cowslip, and their less common relative the Oxlip, but also the delicately-tinted greenhouse species that are such welcome pot plants for our rooms in mid-winter.

Linnaeus considered the Primrose, Cowslip and Oxlip to be but varieties of one species, but in this opinion later botanists have not followed him, though in all essential points they are identical.

Description---Quite early in the spring, the Cowslip begins to produce its leaves. At first, each is just two tight coils, rolled backwards and lying side by side; these slowly unroll and a leaf similar to that of a Primrose, but shorter and rounder, appears. All the leaves lie nearly flat on the ground in a rosette, from the centre of which rises a long stalk, crowned by the flowers, which spring all from one point, in separate little stalks, and thus form an 'umbel.' The number of the flowers in an umbel varies very much in different specimens.

We quote the following from Familiar Wild Flowers:

'It is a curious fact that the inflorescence of the Primrose is as truly umbellate as that of the Cowslip, though in the former case it can only be detected by carefully tracing the flower stems to their base, when all will be found to spring from one common point. In some varieties of the Primrose the umbel is raised on a stalk, as in the Cowslip. This form is sometimes called Oxlip; it is by some writers raised to the dignity of an independent position as a true and distinct species. . . . Primrose roots may at times be met with bearing both forms, one or more stalked umbels together with a number of the ordinary type of flower.'

The sepals of the flowers are united to form pale green crinkled bags, from which the corolla projects, showing a golden disk about inch across with scalloped edges, the petals being united into a narrow tube within the calyx. On the yellow disk are five red spots, one on each petal.

'In their gold coats spots you see,

These be rubies fairy favours

In those freckles lie their savours.'

The Midsummer Night's Dream refers to the old belief that the flower held a magic value for the complexion.

The origin of Cowslip is obscure: it has been suggested that it is a corruption of 'Cow's Leek,' leek being derived from the Anglo-Saxon word leac, meaning a plant (comp. Houseleek).

In old Herbals we find the plant called Herb Peter and Key Flower, the pendent flowers suggesting a bunch of keys, the emblem of St. Peter, the idea having descended from old pagan times, for in Norse mythology the flower was dedicated to Frcya, the Key Virgin, and was thought to admit to her treasure palace. In northern Europe the idea of dedication to the goddess was transferred with the change of religion, and it became dedicated to the Virgin Mary, so we find it called 'Our Lady's Keys' and 'Key of Heaven,' and 'Keyflower' remains still the most usual name.

The flowers have a very distinctive and fresh fragrance and somewhat narcotic juices, which have given rise to their use in making the fermented liquor called Cowslip Wine, which had formerly a great and deserved reputation and is still largely drunk in country parts, being much produced in the Midlands. It is made from the 'peeps,' i.e. the yellow petal rings, in the following way: A gallon of 'peeps' with 4 lb. of lump sugar and the rind of 3 lemons is added to a gallon of cold spring water. A cup of fresh yeast is then included and the liquor stirred every day for a week. It is then put into a barrel with the juice of the lemons and left to 'work.' When 'quiet,' it is corked down for eight or nine months and finally bottled. The wine should be perfectly clear and of a pale yellow colour and has almost the value of a liqueur. In certain children's ailments, Cowslip Wine, given in small doses as a medicine, is particularly beneficial.

Young Cowslip leaves were at one time eaten in country salads and mixed with other herbs to stuff meat, whilst the flowers were made into a delicate conserve. Cowslip salad from the petals, with white sugar, is said to make an excellent and refreshing dish.

Part Used Medicinally---The yellow corolla is alone needed, no stalk or green part whatever is required, only the yellow part, plucked out of the green calyx.

Constituents

The roots and the flowers have somewhat of the odour of Anise, due to their containing some volatile oil identical with Mannite. Their acrid principle is Saponin.

Medicinal Action and Uses

Sedative, antispasmodic.

In olden days, Cowslip flowers were ingreat request for homely remedies, their special value Iying in strengthening the nerves and the brain, and relieving restlessness and insomnia. The Cowslip was held good 'to ease paines in the head and is accounted next with Betony, the best for that purpose.'

In earlier times, the Cowslip was considered beneficial in all paralytic ailments, being, as we have seen, often called Palsy Wort or Herba paralysis. The root was also called in old Herbals Radix arthritica, from its use as a cure for muscular rheumatisrm.

The old writers give a long list of ills that may be remedied by application of the roots or leaves of the plant; the juice of the flowers 'takes off spots and wrinkles from the face and other vices of the skin,' the water of the flowers being 'very proper medicine for weakly people.'

Lavender: benefits and general use by biophyto pharm

via WordPress biophytopharm.com/lavender-benefits-and-general-use/

Lavender: benefits and general use

History – Lavender

Lavender and its uses were already known in ancient times. In ancient Egypt, she enjoyed great consideration and was used to make precious balms that were used especially to embalm the dead. The living used it as eau de toilette and put perfumed urns in the tomb of their dead. When excavations were discovered during Last home of Tutankhamen, it still smelled of lavender after 3000 years. As for the Greeks, they lavender flowers virgins they sacrificed to the gods. Lavender also became a very popular plant to eliminate bad smells. Therefore, in ancient times, prostitutes used lavender oil for bad breath.

Lavender was generally appreciated by all and when traveling monks worked poured the Alps in the 11th century and brought it to our country, it was not long to see fields lavender with blue and purple flowers all over Europe. Lavender became the plant of lovers who offered themselves small bouquets of lavender as a testimony of love. Women wore a dried sachet of dried lavender in the hope to attract the beloved, and in Ireland, a sachet of lavender was attached to the bride’s garter for that marriage succeeds. Lavender relieved many diseases and it was not long to use it also for flavoring delicacies.

Constance Isherwood advocated in 1900 that one puts “velvet dresses and precious furs” in lavender, whose smell would quickly chase moths Lavender soon became indispensable in everyday life. Its generic name Lavandula confirms it: it is derived from the Latin lavare – laver and refers to the importance that had once baths with lavender while highlighting the purifying action of lavender. Before synthetic fragrances and a multitude of penetrating perfume cleansers invaded us, he was current to put a few drops of lavender essence in the soapy water. Its fresh smell and life-giving off a peaceful and harmonious atmosphere in the room while protecting against pathogenic germs and insects of all kinds. This is how lavender has long been a remedy for a good woman very appreciated, which removes parasites such as lice, mites dress or food.

Botany and culture

Lavender is an odoriferous bushy shrub that belongs to the Lamiaceae family. His leaves are slender and gray-green in color. Depending on the variety, it reaches a height of 20 to approx. 90 cm. In the summer, it protects our gardens and delights us with its bright blue flowers pleasantly scented. There are many hybrids and forms of lavender cultivation. Note that true lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is the variety that best resists the cold of winter. It grows well until an altitude of 1200 above sea level. His sister, the lavender aspic (Lavandula latifolia), which has silvery leaves a little wider and can reach a height of up to 90 cm, supports very well our climate. Unlike his close relative, lavender stechas (Lavandula stoechas), with large bracts purple to purple or white at the tips of the ears, and then other pinnate or toothed species (Lavandula dentata), which generally

not cold and must, therefore, be grown in pots or pans.

Lavender comes from Mediterranean regions and needs to grow well in a sunny place in the garden, where it will enchant us with its haunting smell. Small varieties give pretty borders of pleasantly scented beds, which must be cut regularly. We will do well to provide more space in the garden for varieties such as lavender aspic or lavandins (natural hybrids between Lav Angustifolia and Lav latifolia) that can grow to an impressive size.

Lavender is propagated by cuttings or sowing. During flowering, from July to August, butterflies and bees crowd around the lavender flowers – this magnificent show is a pleasure for all the senses that will delight the friends of nature. The harvest is done during flowering, we make with the flowers bouquets that we put to dry in a shady place and well ventilated. The plants are pruned after the summer bloom. This avoids an excessive lignification of the plant and promotes healthy and vital growth. We even attend a second abundant bloom.

Lavender, planted between roses, protects against aphids. The smell of lavender or more exactly its abundant essential oil has, in addition to the properties listed below, the faculty to inhibit the growth of fungi. That’s how lavender oil is used successfully on plants plagued by fungi or parasites. We spray as a preventive, all 2-5 days depending on the condition of the plants, water added with lavender oil (1 drop of gasoline for 1 liter of water).

Use in natural medicine

Natural medicine uses essentially true lavender. The flowers and the essence that we draw have a calming effect on the central nervous system. In external use, the main use is the essential oil of lavender while in internal use, it is primarily infusions of flowers. Over 200 different substances have been isolated from lavender essential oil. The essence of lavender has an antiseptic, disinfecting, healing, but also calming and harmonizing action on the body and the psyche. It is interesting to note that lavender can both refresh and warm, relax and stimulate. Lavender relieves strong headaches, migraines, and disorders of the menstruation. Overdose, however, may eventually cause their appearance. during the first world war, military doctors used lavender oil to disinfect wounds. In case of burns, compresses or a gentle rinse with lavender oil is beneficial and can significantly accelerate the healing process.

Lavender also enters in the composition of a large number of dyes, ointments, balms, massage oils, additives inhalations and other preparations which are used externally for treatment of eczema, insect bites and skin disorders the most diverse, to relieve gout flares and other rheumatic pains.

in case of lumbago and sprain, but also against diseases of the respiratory tract and of course also against bad breath. In internal use, lavender relieves, usually in the form of herbal tea, stomach pains, flatulence, nausea and disorders of digestion. On the psychic level, lavender is used in aromatherapy to fight disorders nervous and insomnia.

In a scented lamp or in the form of herbal tea, lavender promotes the relaxation, makes the mind clear and ready and gives the body and soul a sense of well-being and harmony. Use in the kitchen Lavender offers us a wide range of possibilities of use. Whether in medicine natural, as we have already seen, or in the field of cosmetics and perfumes. Intermedia species (see above) are frequently used for these applications, the yield of which is is four times larger. The essential oil that is extracted is commercially available under the name of lavender. We use the flowers and essence of Intermedia species, lavender aspic and of course, all the other varieties of lavender to make potpourri of flowers and perfumes, aromatic cushions or sachets of lavender, to perfume its interior or to add them to cleaning products and detergents of neutral odor.

In the kitchen, lavender is reborn. The kitchen and the decoration with the flowers of lavender are very fashionable. Their beauty and aroma are a delight for the eyes and the palate. The fresh flowers are candied or added to salads, jams, jellies or ice cream. Macerated in vinegar, they give a delicious herbal vinegar for a vinaigrette refined. Pastries and desserts flavored with lavender have a very delicate taste. Let yourself be inspired by the scent of lavender for new culinary experiences. Create a deliciously mousse perfumed with lavender flowers or make your own “biscuits of love” …

The virtues and uses of lavender and lavender essential oils

The perfumes

Lavender has particularly fine olfactory properties, delicate and complex, which make it an oil essential choice, especially for fine perfumery. Thus, the vast majority of male perfumes employs this raw material: For a man of Caron, Pure Lavender d’Azzaro, The Male of Jean-Paul Gauthier, Heritage of Guerlain, Old English Lavender of Yardley …

Medicinal products

Essential oils are widely used in pharmacy and in aromatherapy. Lavender has properties antiseptic, soothing and healing. Lavandin is recognized for its toning, relaxing and antiseptics.

Cosmetic products

In cosmetics, several brands develop ranges or lavender-based products, for its fresh scent and pleasant as well as for its virtues. We find her then as a perfuming agent for skin care products face, body or hair. Decorative products and room fragrances Lavender oil is found in decorative products and ambiance: scented candles, rotten pots, lamps perfumes, etc.

Cleaning products

Lavandin essential oil is mainly used by big manufacturers to scent soaps and detergents. Its scent gives a pleasant feeling of well-being, relaxation, and cleanliness.

Lavender in the kitchen

Lavender can also be used in cooking! It’s an original way to change the flavor of your dishes. You will make your guests enjoy all the benefits of this medicinal plant as its beneficial action on the intestinal transit or its diuretic and antispasmodic properties. Essential oils must be used with great care and dosages must be respected, even in the kitchen. The rule of thumb is to add one drop of essential oil per liter of cooking preparation. You can then adjust according to your tastes and your dishes! Add the essential oil at the end of cooking to preserve all its qualities. To add to your dish or sauce, dilute it in a little oil or honey if your preparation is sweet.

Lavender against Insects

Essential oil of Lavender combined with other essential oils can also allow you to create your own anti-insect sprays! Lavender, for example, becomes a weapon against wasps and horseflies when mixed with clove oil! It is, therefore, possible to create different synergy lavender based on the insects that we want to leave. Fleas, ticks, mosquitoes, mites, lice …

Anti-lice tip: If you fear that your child is bringing lice back to school, simply put a drop of lavender essential oil behind the neck or on the collar of his t-shirt and these little animals should not come and colonize his little head.

Against fleas and ticks: You can also spray the place where your dog sleeps with a mixture of lavender and water (or rubbing alcohol) to scare away fleas and ticks!

Warning for cat owners:

Be careful if you have a cat! Essential oils are toxic to these pets. They can not assimilate them in the same way as we do and, in the long run, risk suffering from liver poisoning.

The post Lavender: benefits and general use appeared first on BIOPHYTOPHARM.

buboi (kapok) (white silk cotton tree) by DOLCEVITALUX

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Folkloric

- Bark is reported to be vomitive and aphrodisiac.

- Decoction of bark used for catarrh.

- Tender fruit used as emollient.

- Decoction of bark regarded as a specific in febrile catarrh.

- Gum is astringent; used for bowel complaints. In children, gum with milk, given as cooling laxative. Also used for urine incontinence in children.

- Gum used as styptic, given in diarrhea, dysentery, and menorrhagia.

- In Liberia, Infusion of bark used as mouthwash.

- Infusion of leaves, onions, and a little tumeric, used for coughs.

- Young roots, shade-dried and powdered, is a chief ingredient in aphrodisiac medicines.

- Tap-root of young plant used for gonorrhea and dysentery.

- Bark in diuretic; in sufficient quantities, produces vomiting.

- In Cambodia, bark used for fevers and diarrhea. Also, as a cure for inebriation, used to bring about perspiration and vomiting.

- Malays used the bark for asthma and colds in children.

- In India, roots used for gonorrhea, dysuria, fevers. Decoction of bark used for chronic dysentery, diarrhea, ascites, and anasarca. Tender leaves also used for gonorrhea.

- In Java, bark mixed with areca nuts, nutmegs, and sugar candy, used as diuretic and for treatment of bladder stones. Infusion of leaves used for cough, hoarseness, intestinal catarrh, and urethritis. Leaves also used for cleaning hair.

- In the Cameroons, bark, which has tannin, is pounded and macerated in cold water and applied to swollen fingers.

- In French Guiana, decoction of flowers used for constipation.

- In Mexico, used for boils, insect bites, mange; used as anti-inflammatory; bark and leaf decoctions used as poultices. Bark decoction taken internally as emetic, diuretic and antispasmodic.

- Bark used for liver and spleen conditions, abdominal complaints, flatulence, constipation.

- Leaves used as emollient. Decoction of flowers is laxative.

- In Nigerian folk medicine, used for treatment of diabetes and infections. Leaves used as alterative and laxative, and as infusion for colic in man and in livestock. Seed oil used in rheumatism. Also, leaves used as curative dressings on sores and to maturate tumors.

- Compressed fresh leaves used for dizziness; decoction of boiled roots used to treat edema; gum eaten to relieve stomach upset; tender shoot decoction used as contraceptive; leaf infusion taken orally for cough and sore throat. (34)

- In India and Malaya, used for bowel complaints.

- In the Ivory Coast, mucilage obtained by boiling used to remove foreign bodies from the eye. Also, bark sap given to sterile women to promote conception.

- In West Africa, used for diarrhea and gonorrhea.

Others

- Fibers: Pod fibers are used in the stuffing of pillows, cushions, mattresses and the manufacture and life-preservers.

- Oil: Kapok oil, extracted from the seeds, used in the manufacture of soap; also, a substitute for cotton-seed oil. Also used for cooking and as lubricant.

- Wood: Tree is used for fencing and telephone poles.

- Fresh cake valuable as stock feed.

- Ashes of the fruit used by dyers in Malaysia.

- Study showed the C. pentandra fiber may be useful in recovering oil spilled in seawater.

- Fodder: Sheep, goats, cattle relish the foliage. Pressed cake as cattle feed yields about 26% protein.

source: stuart xchange

How to use essential oils? by biophyto pharm

via WordPress biophytopharm.com/how-to-use-essential-oils/

How to use essential oils?

Essential oils, powerful concentrated vegetable energy, are true essences of well-being. They are good for the heart, by their beneficial odors, to the body, thanks to their specific virtues, and give pep to the skin. But beware, they are not used anyhow!

What are their characteristics?

Essential oils are volatile odorous substances contained in plants. They can come from flowers, leaves, fruits, bark, seeds and roots. They are extracted by steam distillation. The amount of oil obtained varies according to the plant of origin. For a liter of lavender, it takes forty kilos of flowers, and it takes one hundred kilos of rose petals for a bottle of 25 ml! This high concentration explains the power of essential oils and their price, often high.

How are they used?

Essential oils are used internally for therapeutic purposes, they act on viral diseases, destroy germs, fungi, infectious toxins and, externally for a global beauty (face, body, hair). They pass very easily through the skin, through the different layers to reach the bloodstream, in about twenty minutes, and act deep in the body. They also penetrate through the respiratory tract: inhaling their perfume provides a deep well-being. Essential oils are only used in very small quantities and always diluted, in the bath water (30 drops of essential oil in a bath of hot water) or in a essential oil, for a topical action.

Manual

Their power is such that they are not used on the skin, some of them can cause burns. They are diluted in essential oils, sweet almond, hazelnut, sesame. Rich in vitamins and unsaturated fatty acids, they moisturize and nourish the skin deeply, and allow the penetration of the beneficial assets of essential oils in the epidermis and dermis.

Caution: Test your wrist. Dilute 1 drop of the essential oil of your choice in 5 drops of essential oil, apply and put on a bandage, leave for several hours and observe the reaction. If you have any irritation, give up.

Action

Face: Essential oils, real boosters of the skin, block certain processes of cell degradation. A daily massage, before the application of the care cream, stimulates cell renewal and restores radiance and suppleness to the skin.

Body: The essential oils are massaged on certain parts of the body, to treat specific problems, to stimulate the microcirculation and to facilitate the water loss (cellulite, heavy legs), or on the whole of the silhouette to improve the elasticity and the firmness of the skin,

Hair: A good friction with essential oils, soothing, stimulating, activates microcirculation, relaxes the scalp and restores tone to the hair.

What are their virtues?

Anti-stress, antiradical, anti-cellulite, toning, relaxing, sanitizing.

Lavender, bactericidal, rebalance dry and irritated skin.

Geranium, toning, soothes sensitive skin.

The carrot, anti-oxidant, revitalizes dry and tired skin.

Cypress, venous tonic, calms congested skin.

Patchouli, healing, reduces acne.

The lemon, astringent, purifies oily skin.

Roman Chamomile, anti-inflammatory, is suitable for all skin types.

Rosemary, toning, restores radiance to dull hair.

Eucalyptus, antiseptic, cleanses the scalp.

Peppermint, stimulating, restores its vigor to the hair.

Sage, tonic, facilitates the regrowth of hair.

Oregano, anticellulite, refines the silhouette.

Juniper, draining, gum cellulite.

Orange, antispasmodic, relaxes the body.

Sandalwood stimulates and tones the body.

Convenient :

They are kept between 12 and 18 months, protected from light.

Choose them of good quality, undenatured by synthetic components or cut with oils or mineral spirits, read the label well, the mention “first cold pressed” must be mentioned. Why ? because hot pressing causes essential oils to lose their nutrients (fatty acids and vitamins). Look for the organic label and the HEBBD label (botanically and biochemically defined essential oils). Buy your essential oils in health food shops and natural products or in some pharmacies specializing in aromatherapy. There are also some websites but nothing beats the advice of the professional.

recommendations

Do not leave a bottle of essential oil within reach of children.

Strictly observe the indicated dosages.

If, by accident, you project the essential oil in the eye, do not rinse with water but with the first fat that falls on your hand.

Precautions

– Some essential oils are photosensitizing, (bergamot, lemon, cedar, lavender), it is absolutely not recommended to expose to the sun after their application, to avoid stains on the skin.

– Essential oils are not used in cases of allergies, antecedents of eczema, urticaria, allergic rhinitis (stuffy nose). To avoid absolutely in asthmatics, nothing but the smell can cause a crisis.

– Pregnant women should seek advice from their gynecologist.

The post How to use essential oils? appeared first on BIOPHYTOPHARM.

buboi (kapok) (white silk cotton tree) by DOLCEVITALUX

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