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East Java, Indonesia
The view from the very active volcano Mount Bromo looking down to the ancient Hindu temple, Pura Luhur Poten in the Sea of Sand. One can either walk or ride ponies to the base of the live volcano and then climb 285 steps to the top which is impressive if not downright frightening. With very little protection one can fall to their death either into the fiery lava or down the rocky exterior, or when the Mountain acts up. Last eruption was 2011. The winds across the sandy ash makes for tough breathing and shooting.
The Northern Explorer.
Wellington Railway station is built on reclaimed land from 1927 when 56 acres were reclaimed. Work began on constructing the station in 1933 and it was completed in 1937. It is a good example of stripped classical with symmetry, pilasters and a colonnade of Doric pillars. It is the busiest railway station in NZ with several commuter lines. The train links the major cities of Wellington and Auckland 682 kms apart. Construction of the main truck railway began from Auckland in 1873 towards Hamilton and from Wellington in 1885 to Palmerston North. The line faced many engineering challenges and it was not completed until 1909. At its highest elevation near National Park station the track is 832 meters above sea level (2,730 feet.) The first through journeys took 19 hours. As passing loops were added and bridges improved and the track strengthened and straightened travel times were reduced. Part of the line was electrified between Palmerston North and Hamilton in 1988. Less than 100 kms has still to be electrified. Other railway lines diverged from this main truck route to Tauranga, Rotorua etc but these services have all ended. Passenger trains run between Wellington and Palmerston North.
Raimiru Spiral.
To elevate the railway from the valleys and gorges by the Whanganui River to the Central Volcanic Plateau an engineering feat was need. In a very short distance of about 5 kms the railway line need to rise around 200 metres (660 feet) from the valley to the plateau of National Park. Survey work began in the 1880s and the solution was not formulated until 1898 when it was decided the line would begin with a horseshoe bend at Raimiru then a complete 360 degree spiral with two short tunnels to enable the spiral to occur. This was much cheaper than the alternative of a 20 kms detour with nine expensive viaducts. At Raimiru the line is 559 metres above sea level and 12 kms further on at National Park the line is 807 metres above sea level. Most railway spirals are in the Alps of Italy and Switzerland.
Mt Ruapehu.
This mountain is the highest on the North Island at 2979 metres (9,773 feet) and near by a similar height peaks Mt Tongariro and Mt Ngauruhoe. This volcanic area of NZ was presented to the Crown in 1887 by Chief Ngati Tuwharetoa on condition that they be set aside as a national park which they were. Tongariro National Park was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1990. The main settlement in the park is the township of National Park where the train stops. Whakapapa ski field is located on the slopes of Tongariro. Since 1886 all three volcanoes have erupted and been active. Mt Ruapehu had a spectacular eruptions in 1995 but on a world scale these eruptions are small. For example the 1980 St Helenās eruption in America was 10 times more powerful. More disastrous was the 1953 eruption of Ruapehu which broke up a crater lake and sent a flood down the mountain side which washed the overnight train from Wellington to Auckland down then Whangaehu River. 151 people were killed in that disaster. Recorded eruptions of Mt Ruapehu have been in 1886, 1895, 1945 and 1995.
Mt Ruapehu.
This mountain is the highest on the North Island at 2979 metres (9,773 feet) and near by a similar height peaks Mt Tongariro and Mt Ngauruhoe. This volcanic area of NZ was presented to the Crown in 1887 by Chief Ngati Tuwharetoa on condition that they be set aside as a national park which they were. Tongariro National Park was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1990. The main settlement in the park is the township of National Park where the train stops. Whakapapa ski field is located on the slopes of Tongariro. Since 1886 all three volcanoes have erupted and been active. Mt Ruapehu had a spectacular eruptions in 1995 but on a world scale these eruptions are small. For example the 1980 St Helenās eruption in America was 10 times more powerful. More disastrous was the 1953 eruption of Ruapehu which broke up a crater lake and sent a flood down the mountain side which washed the overnight train from Wellington to Auckland down then Whangaehu River. 151 people were killed in that disaster. Recorded eruptions of Mt Ruapehu have been in 1886, 1895, 1945 and 1995.
Grandiose Mount Rainier, an active volcano, seems floating in the air at sunset. Seen from the Ferry Boat, halfway between Seattle and Bainbridge Island.
Lake Taisho, set against the backdrop of an active volcanic vista, Kamikochi, Japan:
Today, after 5months' absence, I trekked here, wearing crampons, yet turned out I didn't have to, to Lake Taisho, Kamikochi. Took only some 60minutes hitting here from a local bus stop, called Nakanoyu, so no big deal coming here. There was nothing that could be hoped for more, weather- and view-wise, today: 'Yeee-Hawww1'
VolcƔn Tungurahua (Tungurahua Volcano), near the town of BaƱos and the larger city of Ambato, is an active volcano in the Eastern Cordillera of Ecuador's Andes Mountains.
Approximately 20,000 people live in the area below the volcano, and as recently as 1999 they were evacuated due to concerns over an impending volcanic eruption. Fortunately, the fears never materialized; however, one person was killed in a conflict between the military and evacuees attempting to end the two-month evacuation so they could return to their homes and farms.
Believe it or not, there is a five-star resort on the side of this volcano (Luna Runtun), at which we stayed on our trip to Ecuador. Of course, we didn't realize that we were staying on an active volcano while we were there...I don't know if this knowledge would have affected our travel plans, but this does give some idea of the size of this volcano. We were on the volcano and didn't even know it....
Mount ASO is an active volcano in the center of Kyushu. Its ancient caldera ranks among the world's largest, with a diameter of up to 25 kilometers and a circumference of over 100 kilometers. During times of heightened volcanic activity, the crater can be off-limits, the ropeway not operating, and the road and walking trail to the crater closed.
Processed with Topaz from my archives...
A aerial shot from above at the rim of the caldera.
Commissioned by SilverKris magazine.
file: mt aso_DSC0338.jpg
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Less than a month after I took this photograph the huge crater of the Bucca Nuova was largely infilled by lava flowing from Voragine.
Mount Bromo (Indonesian: Gunung Bromo), is an active volcano and part of the Tengger massif, in East Java, Indonesia. At 2,329 metres (7,641 ft) it is not the highest peak of the massif, but is the most well known. The massif area is one of the most visited tourist attractions in East Java, Indonesia. The volcano belongs to the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park. The name of Bromo derived from Javanese pronunciation of Brahma, the Hindu creator god.
Mount Bromo sits in the middle of a vast plain called the "Sea of Sand" (Javanese: Segara Wedi or Indonesian: Lautan Pasir), a protected nature reserve since 1919. The typical way to visit Mount Bromo is from the nearby mountain village of Cemoro Lawang. From there it is possible to walk to the volcano in about 45 minutes, but it is also possible to take an organised jeep tour, which includes a stop at the viewpoint on Mount Penanjakan (2,770 m or 9,088 ft) (Indonesian: Gunung Penanjakan). The viewpoint on Mount Penanjakan can also be reached on foot in about two hours. From inside the caldera, sulfur is collected by workers.
Depending on the degree of volcanic activity, the Indonesian Centre for Vulcanology and Disaster Hazard Mitigation sometimes issues warnings against visiting Mount Bromo.
On the fourteenth day of the Hindu festival of Yadnya Kasada, the Tenggerese people of Probolinggo, East Java, travel up the mountain in order to make offerings of fruit, rice, vegetables, flowers and sacrifices of livestock to the mountain gods by throwing them into the caldera of the volcano. The origin of the ritual lies in the 15th century legend where a princess named Roro Anteng started the principality of Tengger with her husband, Joko Seger. The couple were childless and therefore beseeched the assistance of the mountain gods. The gods granted them 24 children but stipulated that the 25th child, named Kesuma, must be thrown into the volcano as a human sacrifice. The gods' request was implemented. The tradition of throwing sacrifices into the volcano to appease these ancient deities continues today and is called the Yadnya Kasada ceremony. Though fraught with danger, some locals risk climbing down into the crater in an attempt to recollect the sacrificed goods that they believe could bring them good luck.
On the Segara Wedi sand plain sits a Hindu temple called Pura Luhur Poten. The temple holds a significant importance to the Tenggerese scattered across the mountain villages, such as Ngadisari, Wonokitri, Ngadas, Argosari, Ranu Prani, Ledok Ombo and Wonokerso. The temple organises the annual Yadnya Kasada ceremony which lasts for about one month. On the 14th day, the Tenggerese congregate at Pura Luhur Poten to ask for blessings from Ida Sang Hyang Widi Wasa and the God of Mahameru (Mount Semeru). Then the crowd proceeds along the crater edges of Mt Bromo where offerings are thrown into the crater. The major difference between this temple and Balinese ones are the type of stones and building materials. Pura Luhur Poten uses natural black stones from volcanoes nearby, while Balinese temples are mostly made from red bricks. Inside this pura, there are several buildings and enclosures aligned in a mandala zone composition.
Mount Bromo (Indonesian: Gunung Bromo), is an active volcano and part of the Tengger massif, in East Java, Indonesia. At 2,329 metres (7,641 ft) it is not the highest peak of the massif, but is the most well known. The massif area is one of the most visited tourist attractions in East Java, Indonesia. The volcano belongs to the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park. The name of Bromo derived from Javanese pronunciation of Brahma, the Hindu creator god.
Mount Bromo sits in the middle of a vast plain called the "Sea of Sand" (Javanese: Segara Wedi or Indonesian: Lautan Pasir), a protected nature reserve since 1919. The typical way to visit Mount Bromo is from the nearby mountain village of Cemoro Lawang. From there it is possible to walk to the volcano in about 45 minutes, but it is also possible to take an organised jeep tour, which includes a stop at the viewpoint on Mount Penanjakan (2,770 m or 9,088 ft) (Indonesian: Gunung Penanjakan). The viewpoint on Mount Penanjakan can also be reached on foot in about two hours. From inside the caldera, sulfur is collected by workers.
Depending on the degree of volcanic activity, the Indonesian Centre for Vulcanology and Disaster Hazard Mitigation sometimes issues warnings against visiting Mount Bromo.
On the fourteenth day of the Hindu festival of Yadnya Kasada, the Tenggerese people of Probolinggo, East Java, travel up the mountain in order to make offerings of fruit, rice, vegetables, flowers and sacrifices of livestock to the mountain gods by throwing them into the caldera of the volcano. The origin of the ritual lies in the 15th century legend where a princess named Roro Anteng started the principality of Tengger with her husband, Joko Seger. The couple were childless and therefore beseeched the assistance of the mountain gods. The gods granted them 24 children but stipulated that the 25th child, named Kesuma, must be thrown into the volcano as a human sacrifice. The gods' request was implemented. The tradition of throwing sacrifices into the volcano to appease these ancient deities continues today and is called the Yadnya Kasada ceremony. Though fraught with danger, some locals risk climbing down into the crater in an attempt to recollect the sacrificed goods that they believe could bring them good luck.
On the Segara Wedi sand plain sits a Hindu temple called Pura Luhur Poten. The temple holds a significant importance to the Tenggerese scattered across the mountain villages, such as Ngadisari, Wonokitri, Ngadas, Argosari, Ranu Prani, Ledok Ombo and Wonokerso. The temple organises the annual Yadnya Kasada ceremony which lasts for about one month. On the 14th day, the Tenggerese congregate at Pura Luhur Poten to ask for blessings from Ida Sang Hyang Widi Wasa and the God of Mahameru (Mount Semeru). Then the crowd proceeds along the crater edges of Mt Bromo where offerings are thrown into the crater. The major difference between this temple and Balinese ones are the type of stones and building materials. Pura Luhur Poten uses natural black stones from volcanoes nearby, while Balinese temples are mostly made from red bricks. Inside this pura, there are several buildings and enclosures aligned in a mandala zone composition
Stromboli, Italy
This is a very active volcanic island. It was steaming when I took this. Notice the small village on the right side of the island. Guess it doesn't phase them about the activity of their mountain!
Surface lava flow from the PuŹ»u Ź»ÅŹ»Å volcanic cone in the eastern rift zone of the KÄ«lauea volcano.
Kalapana - Big Island - Hawaii, USA
A starry night above Halema'uma'u Crater in Kilauea Caldera as it glows with lava within a 300-foot diameter vent in the massive 900 metres (2,950 ft) crater floor. A moon out of frame on the upper right illuminates the sulfur dioxide plume streaming off to the west.
This vent opened last in April 2008 after years of a quiet crater floor. The vent opening has expanded slowly in the months that follow. Deep down inside the vent lies a lake of molten lava. Every once in awhile the vent sort of explodes, spewing ash, rock and flashing lava . To view a spectacular short video clip of such an event try recorded on cam by the U.S. Geological Survey this link
The crater lies within Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park, Island of Hawaii, photo taken at about 9:30 PM
Two images, both of the same stars taken at Hawaii Volcano National Park on the Big Island of Hawaii next to the Volcano (the reddish color). The left image is a 30 second exposure and the right image is the same shot, except one full hour of 30 second exposures combined to produce these star trails. About 4500 ft elevation if I recall. Kept warm with coats, hats, blankets and hot chocolate. Wonderful evening looking at the clear sky and watching the fiery show of the active volcano. Aloha
The spectacular volcanic complex of Tengger in East Java contains five volcanoes within the ancient caldera of Tengger. In the rear is Semeru Volcano, which at 3,676m is the highest mountain on the island of Java.
Other volcanoes in shot: "Mount Batok", lower centre; "Mount Bromo", left.
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This photo is taken just seconds after sunrise from the viewing point near Mount Bromo (East Java, Indonesia).
Mount Bromo (Indonesian: Gunung Bromo), is an active volcano and part of the Tengger massif. At 2,329 metres (7,641 ft) it is not the highest peak of the massif, but is the most well known. The volcano belongs to the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park.
--- in Dutch ---
Deze foto is echt seconden na de zonsopkomst genomen vanaf het uitkijkpunt in de buurt van de Bromo vulkaan (Oost-Java, Indonesiƫ).
De Bromo vulkaan (Indonesisch: Gunung Bromo) is een actieve vulkaan die deel uitmaakt van het Tengger massief. Met 2.329 meter is het niet de hoogste piek van het massief maar wel de bekendste. De vulkaan behoort tot het Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park.