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Title : Bagh-e Fin
Other title : Bagh-i Fin; Fin Garden
Date : 1571-1629 (construction) 1797-1834 (reconstruction)
Current location : Kashan, Esfahan, Iran
Description of work : The Bagh-e Fin was developed during the reign of the Safavid ruler Shah Abbas I (1571-1629) on the route to his new capital at Isfahan. Contained within massive enclosure walls and laid out on a series of low terraces, the garden follows a quadripartite chahar bagh scheme divided by the crossing of two watercourses which also line the perimeter of the garden. The crossing is marked by a two-story pavilion, while garden spaces and pathways fill the space. An additional watercourse, running adjacent to the central one, emanates from a small, but elaborately painted, pool house. The paintings date to the reign of the Qajar ruler Fath Ali Shah (1797-1834), who also replaced most of the earlier buildings. The water is delivered by a qanat (underground irrigation canal) and is forced through numerous fountains by gravity. Various hammams (bathhouses), residences, and a museum line the sides. It was declared a national monument in 1935 and has since undergone extensive repairs. (Sources: Hobhouse, Penelope. Gardens of Persia. Kales Press, 2004; Faghih, Nasrine and Amin Sadeghy. "Persian Gardens and Landscapes" Architectural Design 82.3, 2012, pp. 38-51.)
Description of view : View of a tourist examining signage outside of the entrance to the tea room, located among the complex to the west of the Qajar pool house. The area was once restricted to only women. Benches covered with pillows and carpets are arranged in an area shaded by trees.
Work type : Architecture and Landscape
Style of work : Safavid; Qajar
Culture : Iranian (Islamic)
Materials/Techniques : Masonry
Brick
Stone
Source : Movahedi-Lankarani, Stephanie Jakle (copyright Stephanie Jakle Movahedi-Lankarani)
Date photographed : June 2009
Resource type : Image
File format : JPEG
Image size : 4000H X 3000W pixels
Permitted uses : This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. Other uses are not permitted. alias.libraries.psu.edu/vius/copyright/publicrightsarch.htm
Collection : Worldwide Building and Landscape Pictures
Filename : WB2016-0047 Fin.jpg
Record ID : WB2016-0047
Sub collection : gardens
historic sites
garden structures
Copyright holder : Copyright Stephanie Jakle Movahedi-Lankarani
This dining structure was complete with roll down screens for a bug free meal. Custom cedar privacy back screen panels with inlays of frosted plexi glass to filter some sunlight. This dining structure was created in the Toronto area.
Your Deck Company is a deck builder in the Toronto area. We also service Markham, Richmond Hill, Thornhill, Vaughan, Woodbridge, Pickering, Ajax and surrounding areas. Your Deck Company specializes in the installation of low maintenance decking products and custom outdoor garden structures.
Feel free to visit our website at www.yourdeck.ca for more examples of our work. We would be happy to assist you with your upcoming decking or outdoor project.
Thank You.
CAL FIRE/Placer County Fire Department assisted Placer Hills Fire Protection District with a structure fire on Ponderosa Lane Auburn February 2023.
So these are some rocks stacked on top of each other, I think there a little weird and I'm surprised no ones tried to knock them over
This was a fun garden structure to create. It also has an amazing view overlooking a private golf course in Toronto. The fabric ceiling is retractable and provides some protection from the rain and sun. Endless detail to this structure. This garden structure was crafted in the Toronto area.
Your Deck Company is a deck builder in the Toronto area. We also service Markham, Richmond Hill, Thornhill, Vaughan, Woodbridge, Pickering, Ajax and surrounding areas. Your Deck Company specializes in the installation of low maintenance decking products and custom outdoor garden structures.
Feel free to visit our website at www.yourdeck.ca for more examples of our work. We would be happy to assist you with your upcoming decking or outdoor project.
Thank You.
This amazing glass couture piece Structures of Self was recently modeled by one of the collaborating artists during the new Beakerhead festival of science, art and engineering. The idea to collaborate on an a photoshoot that paired the alien/bug like garment with the 40 foot RayGun Gothic Rocketship during the setting sun, made for some pretty creative images
Structures of Self:
lead artist: Farlee Mowat
artist: Lana Collier
Raygun Gothic Rocketship:
Sean Orlando
Nathaniel Taylor
David Shulman
"River rising as Intake structure is finished Coffer dams washed away in some areas 1971" - Original caption and photograph by Roy Walker or Mr Keene.
KHS Digital Archive No. KHS-1998-3-ck-P2-D
Visit KHS at www.kununurra.org.au/
Digitised with assistance from the Shire of Wyndham East Kimberley (SWEK).
The Chappel Viaduct, Essex. Built in the late 1840s for the Colchester, Stour Valley, Sudbury & Halstead Railway, the structure is a third of a kilometre long, higher at one end than the other, and contains about five or six million bricks (despite the piers being hollow).
I've been over this a few times by train, but it's far less impressive than actually getting underneath it on foot. I'm glad a series of unexpected train ticket choices led me to need to go to the Colchester line, rather than my more usual Stansted train, so I got a chance to have a look at it.
Cone-in-cone limestone bed, composed of finely fibrous calcite. This weathered sample is likely derived from an interbed in the Ohio Shale outcrop belt (Frasnian-Famennian, Upper Devonian) of central Ohio, USA.
Cone-in-cone structures are strange features found as interbeds in fine-grained siliciclastic rocks and sometimes found in the outer layers of concretions. They consist of sets of conical structures stacked up within each other. Mineralogically, they are often composed of finely-crystalline fibrous calcite. Numerous hypotheses have been proposed over the years that try to explain cone-in-cone structures. None has emerged as the most popular or most likely (see Lugli et al., 2005 for a long list of proposed formation mechanisms). These structures remain a mystery.
--------------------------
For more info. on cone-in-cone structures, see (as examples):
Melichar & Shkovira (2001) - Case study of the cone-in-cone structure based on Czech and Crimean samples. GeoLines 13.
Lugli et al. (2005) - Silicified cone-in-cone structures from Erfoud (Morocco): a comparison with impact-generated shatter cones. in Impact tectonics. Impact Studies 6: 81-110.
This amazing glass couture piece Structures of Self was recently modeled by one of the collaborating artists during the new Beakerhead festival of science, art and engineering. The idea to collaborate on an a photoshoot that paired the alien/bug like garment with the 40 foot RayGun Gothic Rocketship during the setting sun, made for some pretty creative images
Structures of Self:
lead artist: Farlee Mowat
artist: Lana Collier
Raygun Gothic Rocketship:
Sean Orlando
Nathaniel Taylor
David Shulman
An interesting tangle of pipes, wires, walkways, ladders, and supporting structure at a sawmill. (252a)
Neighbors noticed the two car detached garage at 105 Davis Rd to be going good so they made the call to the Seymour Volunteers. When the tones dropped an automatic mutual aid was requested from the Town of Oxford for a ladder truck as Seymour's was out of service. The fire crews arrived to a fully involved garage fire which was spreading to the exposed section of the 1.5 story wood dwelling which was in close proximity. Fire had extended into the first floor as well as the attic space but quick work from the responders kept the fire from engulfing the dwelling as well. Searchs of the home were negative but the owner was still unaccounted for. As marshals dug throught the rubble which was once the garage in hopes of determining the origin of the fire they made the discovery of human remains amongst the ashes and charred wood. The body which was badly burned was taken by the medical examiners office so an autopsy might reveal the identity of the deceased.
This was a fun garden structure to create. It also has an amazing view overlooking a private golf course in Toronto. The fabric ceiling is retractable and provides some protection from the rain and sun. Endless detail to this structure. This garden structure was crafted in the Toronto area.
Your Deck Company is a deck builder in the Toronto area. We also service Markham, Richmond Hill, Thornhill, Vaughan, Woodbridge, Pickering, Ajax and surrounding areas. Your Deck Company specializes in the installation of low maintenance decking products and custom outdoor garden structures.
Feel free to visit our website at www.yourdeck.ca for more examples of our work. We would be happy to assist you with your upcoming decking or outdoor project.
Thank You.
The exact purpose of these small buildings is unknown, but after contacting the Senior Warden at Holkham National Nature Reserve he told me......
''Those structures were Bunkers used as part of a World War Two Training Ground for Commandos. I actually knew an 'old boy' who lived in Burnham Market up until he died as an old man in the early 2000's. He did a lot of his Commando Training there in the war''.
(Thank you Andy Bloomfield, Senior Warden Holkham NNR)
Around fifty Military Structures were built in the area of TF-8497 4564 to TF-8595 4563, these Structures vary in size from approximately 16ft to 49ft in length. These Buildings would appear to be some kind of World War Two Complex, probably for Practice or Training purposes. They were located at the northern edge of the saltmarsh close to 'Gun Hill' they also included Nissen Huts, Flat Roofed Concrete Structures and possibly a Pillbox, The Structures were removed post-war, I believe these small remaining Structures were probably part of that Complex.
The beginnings of a ''Raiding Force''......
In 1940 Prime Minister Winston Churchill, called for the creation of a small 'Raiding Force' in order to disrupt the Wehrmacht and boost British Morale. Lieutenant Colonel Dudley Clarke proposed a Force loosely based on the tactics of the Boer Commandos. Initially these new 'Commandos Units' were made up of soldiers from British Army Regiments, however in 1942 many Royal Marines Battalions were reorganised into Commandos, they were also supplemented by members of the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force.
In 1940 Achnacarry Castle, the ancestral seat of Sir Donald Walter Cameron of Lochiel, was brought into use as part of the new Training and Holding Wing for the Special Training Centre Lochailort. Due to the imminent closing of STC Lochailort and the realisation that a Centralised Training Establishment was needed to train the potential Commandos, Brigadier Charles Haydon established the Commando Depot in December of 1941. Prior to this each individual Commando Unit was responsible for the training of Commando Personnel. In early 1942 this was redesigned as the Commando Basic Training Centre, and, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Charles Vaughan, the first prospective Commandos arrived to complete the centralised course. It then came under the authority of the Special Service Brigade. By this time a Drill Square had been laid down and pasture within the vicinity of the house had been replaced by asphalt. Nissen Huts now stood within the grounds around the Drill Square. These Huts contained accommodation for Men, housing between 25 and 40, dining halls, and washing rooms. Due to the secret nature of this training, the British Government prevented people from visiting much of Lochaber by preventing the crossing of non-residents over the Caledonian Canal.
The Commando Basic Training Centre trained both British Commandos and Foreign Nationals from occupied countries such as France, Greece, Norway and Poland as well as some Germans, part of No.10 (Inter-Allied) Commando, who were designated 'free Germans'. Contingents from the newly formed United States Army Rangers were also trained there. In 1946 after the War had come to the end it was decided a significant Commando capability was not needed in peacetime and the Commando Basic Training Centre at Achnacarry was disbanded. Between 1942 and 1946 over 25,000 Personnel were trained at Achnacarry and it is widely believed that it was the birthplace of modern 'Special Forces'. The 'Commando Memorial' a memorial to all Commandos of World War Two, now stands overlooking the Training Grounds at Achnacarry on a point that all potential Commandos would have passed on the way to Commando Basic Training Centre from the Spean Bridge railway station.
The prospective Commando arrived at the Spean Bridge railway station and marched 7 miles to Achnacarry where they began their Training, Officers, and their Men training side by side. Training for a prospective Commando consisted of an intensive regime of physical fitness and instruction in Survival, Orienteering and Vehicle Operation. This was alongside instruction on different Weapons Systems, Demolition Skills, Close-Quarter Combat as well as Amphibious and Cliff Assault. Any prospective Commando who failed to meet the standard was returned to their parent unit. The training was conducted with 'Live Rounds' in order to simulate battle as effectively as possible. This realistic training led to the deaths of a number of trainees. In 1943 the focus of the Commando Training shifted to more conventional methods of Warfare.
My friend Bridget and I went out adventuring one day and ended up among some abandoned ruins. I mean, anyone that knows us should not be surprised, we both love abandoned spaces. Anyway, that day I had my camera set up to capture in black, white, and green. This turned out to be the perfect setting for that adventure as it gives hints of color here and there. While exploring I found this round structure with the stark shadow of another structure being cast on it. So I had to capture it the best that I could.
This image was taken in JPG using only the settings in my camera, there was no post-processing or editing.
Photo from a Geophysical Field Assistance (Calhoun Experimental Forest located in Union County, South Carolina) by Wes Tuttle, Soil Scientist (Geophysical), USDA-NRCS-NSSC, Wilkesboro, NC:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/alabama/tuttle...
This subsoil provides several challenges to soil scientists in field classification by Soil Taxonomy. The soil properties are reflective of several subgroups with multiple soil features. It was identified by local soil scientists as an inclusion of Cataula soil (fine, kaolinitic, thermic Oxyaquic Kanhapludults) within an area mapped originally as Appling soil (fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludults).
Cataula soils are very deep, moderately well drained soils formed in material weathered from metamorphic and igneous rocks of the Piedmont. They contain a subsoil layer that is dense and partially brittle with a transitory perched water table at a depth of 60 to 120 cm in December to March.
From ph and parent materials it was assumed base status was low and kandic. However, clay distribution was uncertain (pale v. haplic). Possible great groups include Kandiudults and Kanhapludults. Based of field texture, the pedon was assumed to be most likely haplic-- a Kanhapludult.
Areas of consideration:
Aquic conditions--Color segregations started at a depth of about 80 cm with 2 chroma depletions at a depth within 100 cm indicating a seasonal water table. Based on depth to contemporary 2 chroma depletions greater than 75cm, but within 100 cm, an Oxyaquic designation is appropriate.
FSP (fragic soil properties). Cataula soils have a Btx horizon with brittle material occupying about 20 to 60 percent of the horizon. If root-limiting, this horizon meets the definition of fragic soil properties (have a firm or firmer rupture-resistance class and a brittle manner of failure when soil water is at or near field capacity and restrict the entry of roots into the matrix when soil water is at or near field capacity). The OSD indicates that roots are along the top of this horizon and only a few extend along vertical faces of peds for a depth of 2 or 3 inches. The Fragic subgroup has in 30 percent or more of the volume of a layer 15 cm or more thick that has its upper boundary within 100 cm of the mineral soil surface. The Btx horizon in this pedon appears to meet the criteria for FSP and the fragic subgroup, but not to the extent of a fragipan horizon. This leads to the question of the type of structure associated with the fragipan horizon. Currently, platy structure is not identified as characteristic for a fragipan, even though the other required properties are present.
Presence of plinthite. When the red-gray lenticular color pattern is observed, plinthite is a consideration if the reddish material is firm and brittle and especially if cemented. Although parent material may be a key to plinthite formation, its identification is not limited to any particular parent material type. In the southeastern U.S., plinthite is generally associated with upper coastal plain deposits, however, this does not automatically exclude residual or old alluvial sediments if the soils exhibit plinthic properties.
The platy to lenticular red zones in the profile are described as dense and brittle and in the OSD as cemented. Although plinthite does not require cementation, dry or moist aggregates do not slake in water. However, they are required to irreversibly hardened upon exposure. One way to check for this is to observe the presence or absence of hardened aggregates on exposed surfaces as roadcuts. A simple water emersion of the aggregates will help determine if plinthite is a consideration.
Subgroup consideration for this Kanhapludult:
Oxyaquic--
In normal years are saturated with water in one or more layers within 100 cm of the mineral soil surface for either or both 20 or more consecutive days; or 30 or more cumulative days. The pedon is assumed to meet this criteria.
Plinthic--
Have 5 percent or more (by volume) plinthite in one or more horizons within 150 cm of the mineral soil surface. If the iron rich red platy material does not slake in water, is firm or very firm, and is brittle, it is most likely plinthite.
Fragic--
Have fragic soil properties in 30 percent or more of the volume of a layer 15 cm or more thick that has its upper boundary within 100 cm of the mineral soil surface. The pedon is assumed to meet this criteria.
If the aforementioned subgroup criteria are met, based on the order of the KST, these soils classify as:
Oxyaquic Kanhapludult--
Cataula soil series (red subsoil) a fine, kaolinitic, thermic Oxyaquic Kanhapludult
or Hard Labor soil series (brown subsoil) a fine, kaolinitic, thermic Oxyaquic Kanhapludult.
Even though the plinthic or fragic subgroups properties may be present, the Key excludes them from being recognized at the family level for Kanhapludults by virtue of the order of the Key (i.e., Oxyaquic keys out before plinthic or fragic). They may however be used to separate soils at the series level.
Ironically, if the soil has pale clay distribution and is a Kandiudult, these soils classify as:
Plinthic Kandiudults, or if plinthite is not identified, as:
Oxyaquic Kandiudults.
A fragic subgroup does not currently exist in the Kandiudult great group. In addition, in Kandiudults, the Oxyaquic subgroup follows the Plinthic subgroup, but in Kanhapludults the Oxyxaquic subgroup precedes the Plinthic subgroup.
In other soil classification systems (such as the FAO-WRB system) the additional subgroups are recognized in classification (e.g., an Oxyaquic Plinthic Fragic Kanhapludult).
For a detailed description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/C/CATAULA.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
casoilresource.lawr.ucdavis.edu/see/#cataula
For more information about Describing and Sampling soils, visit;
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs142p2_052523...
For more information about Soil Taxonomy, visit;
THE AGE OF FLOWERING PLANTS
ANGIOSPERM means "seed borne in vessel," while GYMNOSPERM means "naked seed," a reference to the lack of protective structure enveloping the seed. One reason that flowering plants were able to diversify so dramatically and spread during the Cretaceous and Cenozoic, or MODERN, the era was the evolution of new structures and tissues such as the carpel, a womb-like vessel that encloses angiosperm seeds and endosperm, a placenta-like tissue that nourishes the young plant as it develop within the seed, Today, angiosperm dominate terrestrial life on the planet. At an estimated 422,000 species, they compose by far the largest group of plants. They grow in greater range of environments, exhibits a wider range of growth habits, and display more variation in form than any living group of plants. In size, angiosperm range from tiny duckweed to eucaplytuses more than 330 ft (100 m) tall.
The explosion of angiosperm diversity has gone hand in hand with the proliferation of INSECTS, BIRDS, and OTHER ANIMALS that pollinate their flowers, disperse their fruits and seeds, and eat their leaves.
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Secondary electron image of an atom probe tip FIB milled into a doped silicon substrate using FEI's fully embedded patterning capabilities.
SEM image of FIB structure made with NanoBuilder.
System: Helios NanoLab 600.
HV 5.00 kV
HFW 25.6 µm
Det TLD
Mode SE
Mag 5000x
WD 3.9 mm
Courtesy: Oliver Wilhelmi (FEI)
Ipe garden bench with a pergola above. This garden structure was crafted in the Toronto area.
Your Deck Company is a deck builder in the Toronto area. We also service Markham, Richmond Hill, Thornhill, Vaughan, Woodbridge, Pickering, Ajax and surrounding areas. Your Deck Company specializes in the installation of low maintenance decking products and custom outdoor garden structures.
Feel free to visit our website at www.yourdeck.ca for more examples of our work. We would be happy to assist you with your upcoming decking or outdoor project.
Thank You.