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JPBX #910 and #901 lay over at Fourth and King Station, the latter of which will lead a Local for San Jose in the following hour.
Prior to the construction of the new Caltrain station, the platforms previously extended from here all the way to the depot at Third and Townsend. At that time, the station tracks even crossed 4th Street at grade, one of about four grade-level crossings between the old station and 7th Street.
When you are planning for house relocation, CT Removals takes the lead in making the whole process easier and affordable as our professional removal and transportation experts take care of everything from start to finish like packaging to transportation and unpacking your goods.
My (well, not mine technically) little red shed was not demolished, but moved to another spot about 1000 feet away on the property. Nonetheless, no more photo posed with bikes by the road with the red accent in the background. Anyway, I’m glad it was not smashed to tiny bits!
by Judith Weller (behind scaffolding and protection adding a silhouette effect).
WNYC Radio had a very interesting story this morning about efforts to relocate the Garment District out of Manhattan to Brooklyn.
www.wnyc.org/story/garment-center-out-fashion
www.wsj.com/articles/fashion-industry-firms-in-the-garmen...
555 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY
The Minidoka Relocation Center, 15 miles north of Twin Falls and 150 miles southeast of Boise, was also referred to as the Hunt Camp. Minidoka was considered a model environment because of its relatively peaceful atmosphere and population that got along well with the administration. Because it was not within the Western Defense Command restricted area, security was somewhat lighter than at most other camps. But when the internees first arrived, they were shocked to see the bleak landscape that was to be there home over the next three years.
Located on the Snake River Plain at an elevation of 4000 feet, the land is dotted with sagebrush and thin basaltic lava flows and cinder cones. The internees found the environment to be extremely harsh, with temperatures ranging from 30 degrees below zero to as high as 115 degrees. They also had to contend with blinding dust storms and ankle-deep mud after the rains.
Minidoka was in operation from August 10, 1942 to October 28, 1945. The reserve covered more than 33,000 acres of land in Jerome County. The camp’s peak population reached 9,397 by March 1, 1943, and it became Idaho's third largest city. Five miles of barbed wire fencing and eight watchtowers surrounded the administrative and residential areas, which were located in the west-central portion of the reserve.
Most of the people interned at Minidoka were from the Pacific Northwest: approximately 7,050 from Seattle and Bainbridge Island, Washington, 2,500 from Oregon and 150 from Alaska, including children or grandchildren of Eskimo women and Japanese men. They were temporarily housed at the Puyallup Fairgrounds in Washington, then sent by train to Idaho. In early 1943, all of the Bainbridge Island, Washington, residents interned at the Manzanar Relocation Center were transferred to Minidoka at their own request because of constant conflict with the internees from Terminal Island in Los Angeles.
The central camp consisted of 600 buildings on 950 acres. When the first internees arrived at Minidoka in August 1942, they moved into the crude barracks even though much of the camp was unfinished and there was no running water or sewage system. The Army insisted on having all Japanese removed from the West Coast at once, and they did not halt the evacuation until the camp could hold no more. The last group of 500 evacuees to arrive at the camp had to sleep in mess halls, laundry rooms, or any available bed space. Waiting in line for many daily functions, especially meals, was common.
The camp’s residential area encompassed 36 blocks and was one mile wide and three miles long. Each block included 12 tarpaper barracks, one dining hall, one laundry building with communal showers and toilets and a recreation hall. Immediately after arrival, the internees were instructed to see the camp physician, and then they received an apartment assignment. Apartments were of three sizes, and where possible, family groups or relatives were placed near each other. Efforts were later made to move people near their place of employment.
Work crews for SRP, the local electric power company relocate electric utility poles I assume for a future road widening. Within a reasonably short period of time, the new poles were placed further away from the road, power lines relocated and the old poles were removed.
Happy Telegraph Tuesday!
The Victory Column on the Großer Stern in the Großer Tiergarten is one of the most important national monuments in Germany and the most important sights in Berlin . Built between 1864 and 1873 by Heinrich Strack on Königsplatz to commemorate the Wars of Unification , it was moved to its current location between 1938 and 1939 together with the monuments of Bismarck , Roon and Moltke . The crowning Victoria by Friedrich Drake is known in Berlin as “Goldelse”.
Column
The Victory Column stands in the middle of the Great Star, which is designed as a roundabout, and can be reached to the west and east via T-shaped pedestrian tunnels below the road. Four neoclassical gatehouses, designed by Johannes Huntemüller, provide access to these tunnels north and south of the Straße des 17. Juni . The green area around the monument is 34 m above sea level. NHN .
The structure of the Victory Column, designed by court architect Heinrich Strack , consists of a base clad in polished red granite and four column drums made of Obernkirchen sandstone that taper towards the top . On the base there is a circular colonnade with a glass mosaic on the back wall. The Venetian company Antonio Salviati made it in 1876 based on a cardboard box created by Anton von Werner . At the inauguration only the cardboard box was attached. As desired by Wilhelm I , the picture depicts the founding of the German Empire as a result of the victory over France . In its fluting , the column in the lower three drums bears 60 gold-plated cannon barrels captured in the three wars of unification . For the colonnade, Schinkel's student Strack was inspired by the Great Curiosity in Glienicke Park. The column shaft above the hypostyle hall was increased to its current size by a fourth column drum at the bottom as part of the relocation. The cannon barrels were each moved down one column drum, with the now free fluting on the top column drum receiving gold-plated laurel festoons .
Through an entrance on the south side of the base, visitors can reach the interior of the base, where there is a small museum on the eventful history of the Victory Column. From there, a spiral staircase with 285 steps inside the column leads to the 50.66 meter high viewing platform. This offers a good view over the Großer Tiergarten, Potsdamer Platz , the Brandenburg Gate and the surrounding city area. From a structural point of view, the Peace Monument in Munich, the July Column in Paris and the Independence Monument in Mexico City are similar to the Victory Column.
Victoria
The column supports a gilded bronze sculpture created by Friedrich Drake in the form of a female figure, Victoria . She holds up a laurel wreath in her right hand and a standard with the Iron Cross in her left . An eagle sits on her helmet. Victoria is known as the goddess of victory in Roman mythology and corresponds to Nike in Greek mythology . Both are shown winged. Her eagle helmet also makes Victoria appear on the Victory Column as Borussia , the personification of Prussia .
Drake designed the character after the features of Victoria of Great Britain and Ireland , who was crown princess in Prussia at the time. The 8.32 meter high and 35 ton heavy bronze figure was made by the Berlin sculptor Hermann Gladenbeck . At its original location on Königsplatz, the Viktoria looked south towards Siegesallee , but since its implementation in 1939 it has looked west towards Ernst-Reuter-Platz . She got the name “Goldelse” because of her gilding and the title of the novel Goldelse by E. Marlitt , which the magazine Die Gartenlaube published in 1866 as a popular serialized story.
Reliefs
The base is decorated with four bronze reliefs depicting the most important battles of the German wars of unification - the Battle of Düppel in the German-Danish War (1864), the Battle of Königgrätz in the German-German War (1866), the Battle of Sedan in the German- French War (1870) - and the victorious entry of the allied troops into Berlin (1871). The reliefs are described in detail: Excerpt from the Danish campaign and storming of the Düppeler Schanzen by the sculptor Alexander Calandrelli , Battle of Königgrätz and events of the German War by Moritz Schulz , Franco-German War with Battle of Sedan and entry into Paris by Karl Keil and Finally the troops enter Berlin by Albert Wolff . Above this relief there was originally the dedication “The grateful fatherland to the victorious army”, of which only the traces of the fortification are visible today.
On the Königsplatz the reliefs were arranged like this: The relief Entry into Berlin with the dedication was on the front (south), the Battle of Düppel on the right side (east), the Battle of Sedan on the left side (west) and the Battle of Königgrätz with the entrance at the back (north). On the Great Star, the reliefs are arranged differently: the Battle of Düppel relief is on the front (west), the Battle of Königgrätz with the entrance on the right side (south), the entry into Berlin without the dedication on the left side (north) and the Battle of Sedan to the rear (east). Calandrelli's Düppel relief is considered "the best of the four reliefs" according to Meyer's Conversation Lexicon .
Construction
In 1864, after the German-Danish War, the Prussian King Wilhelm I suggested that monuments be erected on the battlefields and in Berlin. He commissioned the court building officer Heinrich Strack to carry out all the projects . Funds amounting to 330,000 thalers were approved for this in 1867. After about two years of construction, 38,652 and 33,300 thalers were incurred for the Düppel monument and Arnkiel monument , respectively. This meant that only 258,000 thalers remained for the Victory Column, which was to be built on Königsplatz . Within a few years there were two more victorious wars, the German War against Austria in 1866 and the Franco-Prussian War in 1870–1871 . The three segments of the Victory Column and the crowning bronze sculpture of Victoria were intended to commemorate the victories in these wars.
After nine years of construction, the Victory Column was completed in 1873. Stylistically it can be assigned to the Neo-Renaissance . The Victory Column was inaugurated to celebrate Sedan Day on September 2, 1873, the third anniversary of the victorious Battle of Sedan . The Königsplatz was lined with the General Staff Building to the north , the Kroll Opera to the west and the Palais Raczyński gallery building to the east, which had to make way for the Reichstag building in the 1880s . Immediately before the inauguration of the column, a 750 meter long avenue was laid out as a line of sight south through the Tiergarten to Kemperplatz . Kemperplatz received the Wrangel Fountain in 1877 , which was replaced by the Roland Fountain in 1902 . Wilhelm II had the avenue expanded into Victory Allee from 1895 .
Transfer
As part of the transformation of Berlin into the “ World Capital Germania ” that began during the National Socialist era , the column was moved to the Großer Stern in 1938–1939 on behalf of the General Building Inspector for the Reich Capital Albert Speer by the construction company Philipp Holzmann , whose diameter was increased from 80 to 200 meter was enlarged. In order to enhance the urban development effect of the monument as part of the east-west axis and to achieve an appropriate size ratio to the diameter of the square, the base was widened by 6.5 meters and the column was raised by 6.5 meters using a fourth drum. A further increase of around one meter was created by raising the portico, which is concealed by the roof connection to the widened base. As a result of these changes, the monument reached its current height of around 67 meters (original height 60.5 meters). During the new installation, the base entrance was also moved from the north to the south side. Together with the Victory Column, the monuments for Otto von Bismarck , Albrecht von Roon and Helmuth von Moltke were also moved to the northern edge of the Großer Stern, which was to be understood as the forum of the Second Reich , and the groups of the Siegesallee were moved to the Große Sternallee, which branched off to the southeast .
During the Second World War, the Victory Column survived the air raids and the Battle of Berlin largely undamaged. On the day of Berlin's surrender on May 2, 1945, Polish soldiers raised the Polish flag on the Victory Column before marching off to Nauen . According to their own statements, they later regretted not having blown up the monument because they were unaware of its significance. The Victory Column was a building that was built before August 1, 1914. This date, the beginning of the First World War , was the deadline that decided on the preservation or removal of “militaristic monuments” according to the Allied Control Council Directive No. 30 of May 1946. Nevertheless, Werner , the SED-dominated magistrate appointed by the Soviet occupying power , decided to demolish the Victory Column by August 1946. It could be delayed until the magistrate, who was democratically elected in October 1946, no longer came back to it. On November 26, 1946, the French occupying forces requested the demolition of the Victory Column in the Allied Command . The British and Americans rejected this , and the Soviet representatives abstained.
Development
In 1945 the reliefs were removed at the request of the French occupying forces . While the German War relief remained in the Spandau Citadel , the other three were initially considered lost. Investigations by the Foreign Office revealed that they were camped in the courtyard of the Musée de l'Armée in Paris. France initially demanded an exchange with the painting Napoleon's Crossing the Alps in order to return it , but the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation rejected this. After President François Mitterrand returned the reliefs during a visit to West Berlin in May 1987 on the occasion of Berlin's 750th anniversary , all four were reinstalled after restoration in the anniversary year of 1987. The reliefs on the south and west sides of the base have only been preserved in fragments.
On January 15, 1991, the left-wing extremist terrorist group Revolutionary Cells carried out an explosive attack on the Victory Column. The partial explosion of an explosive device weighing at least two kilograms on the viewing platform only damaged one of the Viktoria's supports. No people were injured as no one was on the observation deck at the time of the explosion. During the repair work, the viewing platform was closed to visitors for ten months. In the years that followed, the Victory Column was the center of major events such as the Love Parade , Christopher Street Day , demonstrations by citizens and rallies by politicians. In 1984, the gay city magazine Victory Column was named after the monument. On July 24, 2008, as part of the presidential election campaign in the United States, then-candidate Barack Obama gave a speech in front of the Victory Column to an audience of more than 200,000.
The Victory Column was last extensively renovated from March 2010 to May 2011. Among other things, the Victoria and other components were re-gilded with 1.2 kg of gold leaf . In addition, the two pedestrian tunnels and the surrounding gatehouses, the bronze reliefs, the glass mosaic, the gold-plated cannon barrels, the staircase as well as the sandstone column and the Victoria itself were extensively renovated. A new lighting concept shows it at night with an illuminated round hall and reliefs. After the reopening, it has been accessible to visitors again for a fee since May 21, 2011, still only via steps. Since October 2011, bilingual information boards about the history of the monument have been set up at the four gatehouses. The granite panels that closed the relief fields until 1987, as well as an interactive light installation, are installed in the pedestrian tunnels. The Victory Column is one of the most important sights and one of the most famous landmarks in Berlin.
Street of Monuments
Since 2008, the Victory Column has been part of the Street of Monuments , a network of important German monuments and places of remembrance founded on the initiative of the Leipzig City History Museum . The aim of the network is to “connect the places of remembrance as former focal points of the past more closely and to make them more tangible as a whole through joint marketing measures.”
Literature
Reinhard Alings: The Berlin Victory Column . Parthas Verlag, 2000, ISBN 3-932529-71-5 .
Matthias Braun: The Victory Column . Berlin Edition, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-8148-0026-5 .
Alexander Markschies: The Victory Column. Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-7861-2381-0 .
Dieter Vorsteher , Silke Bittkow: Berlin Victory Column. Monuments tell history. Monument Tales, Berlin 2007.
The Großer Stern is the central square of the Großer Tiergarten in the Tiergarten district of Berlin .
History
The square was under Elector Friedrich III. (from 1701 Frederick I , King of Prussia ) created around 1698 by the court hunter Hemmrich as a hunting star . From 1742 onwards, the Großer Stern was expanded into a representative square as part of the redesign of the zoo by Knobelsdorff and from 1833 to 1840 by Peter Joseph Lenné . From the mid-18th to early 19th centuries, a group of sandstone statues of ancient gods, called The Dolls , stood there .
Today's expansion
Today several of the city's major traffic axes meet here:
the Street of June 17th
to the west over Ernst-Reuter-Platz , as Bismarckstrasse or Kaiserdamm to Theodor-Heuss-Platz and further as Heerstrasse
to the east over the Brandenburg Gate at Pariser Platz and the Boulevard Unter den Linden to the Palace Bridge at the Berlin Cathedral
Altonaer Straße to the northwest over Hansaplatz to the Gotzkowsky Bridge
the Spreeweg to the northeast to Bellevue Castle at the Luther Bridge
the Hofjägerallee to the south via Lützowplatz and Nollendorfplatz to Winterfeldtplatz
The Großer Stern is designed as a large, multi-lane spiral roundabout that is used by around 180,000 cars every day.
In the middle of the square stands the Victory Column with the gilded bronze sculpture of Victoria with a laurel wreath called Goldelse by the Berliners . The square got its current appearance in 1938. Its diameter was greatly enlarged and the Victory Column was moved from Königsplatz, today's Republic Square directly in front of the Reichstag building , and increased it - also for reasons of proportion - by a column drum. As part of the widening of the Great Star, the Hubertus Fountain by Cuno von Uechtritz-Steinkirch on the northern edge of the square was demolished in 1938. The Siegesallee, which was relocated to Große Sternallee in May 1938, ran back towards the Victory Column , only now in the direction of the Großer Stern . The monuments of the victors from 1864–1871, which had previously surrounded the Victory Column, were again placed in a semicircle: Bismarck National Monument , Albrecht von Roon and Helmuth Karl Bernhard von Moltke . The inauguration of the ensemble took place on April 20, 1939, Hitler's 50th birthday, when a gigantic military parade also rolled over the Großer Stern.
Tiergarten is a district in the Mitte district of Berlin . It was created during the administrative reform in 2001 by dividing the former Tiergarten district , which also included the Hansaviertel and Moabit . In today's usage, Tiergarten often stands for the Tiergarten district, the former Tiergarten district or the Großer Tiergarten city park . The area of today's district south of the Großer Tiergarten is also called Tiergarten Süd in contrast to the former Tiergarten district .
Geography
The Tiergarten district is bordered in the north by the Spree . In the northwest, north and northeast it borders on the districts of Hansaviertel, Moabit and Mitte , all of which - like Tiergarten - belong to the Mitte district. To the west it borders on the Charlottenburg district in the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf district , to the south it is connected to the Schöneberg district in the Tempelhof-Schöneberg district , and to the southeast is the Kreuzberg district in the Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg district .
A considerable part of the Tiergarten district is occupied by the Großer Tiergarten , Berlin's second largest park after Tempelhofer Feld ; the Kleiner Tiergarten, on the other hand, is located in the Moabit district.
History
Tiergarten district (before 1920)
The areas outside the Berlin customs wall between the Großer Tiergarten and the Spree were incorporated into Berlin in 1861. Since 1884, this area has been officially designated as the new Tiergarten district .The western part originally consisted of the “Schöneberger Wiesen”, on which the Hansaviertel was created in 1877. There was originally a large parade ground on the Spree bend further east . The representative Königsplatz (today's Platz der Republik ) was built there with the Victory Column , the Reichstag building and the Kroll Opera . The noble Alsenviertel with the Swiss Embassy was built on the northern edge of the Spree bend . In 1910 the Tiergarten district had 24,717 inhabitants.
Tiergarten District (1920–2000)
In 1920, the new Tiergarten district was formed from the Berlin districts of Tiergarten, Moabit, Untere Friedrichsvorstadt and Schöneberger Vorstadt . In 1938 the area south of Kurfürstenstrasse was ceded to the Schöneberg district ; At the same time, Martinikenfelde, which had previously belonged to Charlottenburg, was added to Tiergarten.
The developments south of the Spree and north of the Landwehr Canal were almost completely destroyed in the Second World War . In the Alsenviertel, north of the Reichstag building, numerous buildings had already been demolished as part of Hitler's “Germania” plans and many embassies had been relocated to the southern Tiergarten. The Great Hall was originally supposed to be built here. The Second World War put an end to these plans. During the division of Berlin the area lay fallow . After the political change and the federal government's move to Berlin, the former Alsenviertel became part of the new government district and several large-scale new buildings were built for the federal government's institutions. The only surviving building from before the First World War is the Swiss Embassy , which today stands like a memorial in an open area on the edge of the Spreebogenpark , which was created in 2005 .
Severe destruction also occurred in the Tiergartenviertel , a villa colony from the first half of the 19th century, west of Potsdamer Platz . As in the Alsenviertel, several villas had already been demolished before the war to make room for Hitler's new building plans. Numerous Jewish owners had previously been expropriated and expelled from their homes. A few buildings in the district survived the Second World War, such as St. Matthäus Church , some historic embassy buildings and the Bendlerblock , today's Federal Ministry of Defense . Due to the division of Berlin, many of the historic cultural cities were located in the political east of the city, separated from West Berlin . As a result, the Kulturforum was built in the area of the former Tiergartenviertel from 1958 as the new cultural center of the western part of Berlin.
Potsdamer Platz, one of the busiest squares in Europe in the Roaring Twenties with numerous restaurants, hotels and variety shows , was also in ruins after the Second World War and subsequently became a border area in the divided city due to its close proximity to the Berlin Wall . Only after the fall of the Berlin Wall did a planned new development take place in the 1990s, which was intended to continue the old tradition.
The Hansaviertel on the northern edge of the Tiergarten was also severely affected by the Allied air raids and was rebuilt by the most renowned architects as part of the Interbau International Building Exhibition in 1957.
In Moabit and south of the Landwehr Canal, however, large parts of the old buildings were preserved despite severe war damage.
The population of the Tiergarten district was 283,581 in 1925, 110,620 in 1946 and 86,380 in 1987.
Tiergarten district (since 2001)
The Tiergarten district was merged with the neighboring districts of Wedding and Mitte in 2001 to form today's new Mitte district . By decision of the district council , this new district was divided into the districts of Mitte, Wedding, Gesundbrunnen , Moabit, Hansaviertel and Tiergarten.
Berlin is the capital and a state of the Federal Republic of Germany . With around 3.8 million inhabitants, the city is the most populous and, with 892 square kilometers, the largest municipality in Germany and the most populous city in the European Union . The city has the third highest population density in the country. Around 4.8 million people live in the Berlin agglomeration and around 6.3 million in the Berlin-Brandenburg metropolitan region . The city-state consists of twelve districts . In addition to the rivers Spree , Havel and Dahme, there are smaller rivers and numerous lakes and forests in the urban area.
Berlin was first mentioned in documents in the 13th century . The city was the capital of the March of Brandenburg , Prussia and Germany . Over the course of the 19th and early 20th centuries, Berlin developed into the world's third largest city. After the end of the Second World War, the city was subject to four-power status in 1945 ; From 1949 , East Berlin served as the capital of the German Democratic Republic , while West Berlin became part of the Federal Republic . With the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and German reunification in 1990, the two halves of the city grew together again and Berlin regained its role as the pan-German capital. Since 1999, the city has been the seat of the federal government , the Federal President , the German Bundestag , the Bundesrat as well as most federal ministries , numerous federal authorities and embassies .
Berlin is one of the economic centers in Europe. Among the important branches of the city's economy are tourism , the creative and cultural industries , the biotechnology and health industry with medical technology and the pharmaceutical industry , information and communication technology , the construction and real estate industry , the financial industry , trade , and optoelectronics , energy technology , logistics as well as trade fairs and congresses . The city is a European transport hub for road , rail and air transport . Berlin is an international location for innovative company founders and has recorded high growth rates in the number of employed people since 2010 .
Berlin is considered a global city of culture , media and science . The city's universities, research institutions , sporting events and museums enjoy an international reputation. The metropolis holds the UNESCO title of City of Design and is one of the most visited destinations on the continent. Berlin's music, architecture , festivals , top gastronomy , nightlife and urban quality of life are known worldwide.
Work crews for SRP, the local electric power company relocate electric utility poles I assume for a future road widening. Within a reasonably short period of time, the new poles were placed further away from the side of the road, the power lines relocated and the old poles were removed.
My apologies for the marginal quality of this photo, taken through the windshield of a car in which I was riding.
Happy Telegraph Tuesday!
Classic Automobile Relocation Services Volvo FH Globetrotter, reg. no. KN63 WNV, seen here in the car park at Truckfest South West & Wales 2016.
The picture was taken on 2 July 2016.
Keolis Downer (Brookvale) Volvo B7RLE / Custom Coaches "CB80" no. 2494 is seen relocating at Warringah Mall after terminating a service inside.
The Marble Arch is a 19th-century white marble-faced triumphal arch in London, England. The structure was designed by John Nash in 1827 as the state entrance to the cour d'honneur of Buckingham Palace; it stood near the site of what is today the three-bayed, central projection of the palace containing the well-known balcony. In 1851, on the initiative of architect and urban planner Decimus Burton, a one-time pupil of John Nash, the arch was relocated to its current site, near the northeast corner of Hyde Park, so that expansion of Buckingham Palace could proceed.
The arch gives its name to the area surrounding it, particularly the southern portion of Edgware Road and also to the underground station. The arch is not part of the Royal Parks and is maintained by Westminster City Council.
Design and construction
Nash's three-arch design is based on that of the Arch of Constantine in Rome and the Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel in Paris. The triumphal arch is faced with Carrara marble with embellishments of marble extracted from quarries near Seravezza in Tuscany.
John Flaxman was chosen to make the commemorative sculpture. After his death in 1826, the commission was divided between Sir Richard Westmacott, Edward Hodges Baily and J. C. F. Rossi. In 1829, a bronze equestrian statue of George IV was commissioned from Sir Francis Chantrey, with the intention of placing it on top of the arch.
Construction began in 1827, but was cut short in 1830, following the death of the spendthrift King George IV – the rising costs were unacceptable to the new king, William IV, who later tried to offload the uncompleted palace onto Parliament as a substitute for the recently destroyed Palace of Westminster.
Work restarted in 1832, this time under the supervision of Edward Blore, who greatly reduced Nash's planned attic stage and omitted its sculpture, including the statue of George IV. The arch was completed in 1833.
Some of the unused sculpture, including parts of Westmacott's frieze of Waterloo and the Nelson panels, were used at Buckingham Palace. His victory statues and Rossi's relief of Europe and Asia were used at the National Gallery. In 1843 the equestrian statue of George IV was installed on one of the pedestals in Trafalgar Square.
The white marble soon lost its light colouring in the polluted London atmosphere. In 1847, Sharpe's London Magazine described it as "discoloured by smoke and damp, and in appearance resembling a huge sugar erection in a confectioner's shop window."
The arch is 45 feet (14 m) high, and measures 60 by 30 feet (18.3 by 9.1 m) east-west by north–south.
Relocation
Buckingham Palace remained unoccupied, and for the most part unfinished, until it was hurriedly completed upon the accession of Queen Victoria in 1837. Within a few years, the palace was found to be too small for the large court and the Queen's expanding family. The solution was to enlarge the palace by enclosing the cour d'honneur with a new east range. This façade is today the principal front and public face of the palace and shields the inner façades containing friezes and marbles matching and complementing those of the arch.
When building work began in 1847, the arch was dismantled and rebuilt by Thomas Cubitt as a ceremonial entrance to the northeast corner of Hyde Park at Cumberland Gate. The reconstruction was completed in March 1851. A popular story says that the arch was moved because it was too narrow for the Queen's state coach to pass through, but, in fact, the Gold State Coach passed under it during Elizabeth II's coronation in 1953
Three small rooms inside the rebuilt arch were used as a police station from 1851 until at least 1968 (John Betjeman made a programme inside it in 1968 and referred to it as a fully functional police station). It firstly housed officers of the Royal Parks Constabulary and later the Metropolitan Police. One policeman stationed there during the early 1860s was Samuel Parkes, who won the Victoria Cross in the Charge of the Light Brigade in 1854, during the Crimean War.
Park Lane widening
Park Lane was widened as part of the Park Lane Improvement Scheme of the London County Council, and the Marble Arch became stranded on a traffic island. The scheme required an act of Parliament – the Park Lane Improvement Act 1958 (6 & 7 Eliz. 2. c. 63) – and during the passage of this act the possibility of providing an underpass instead of a roundabout was dismissed due to excessive cost and the need to demolish buildings on Edgware Road. As part of the scheme, gardens were laid out around the arch on the traffic island. The works took place between 1960 and 1964.
Still Water, a large bronze sculpture of a horse's head by Nic Fiddian-Green, was unveiled on the same traffic island a short distance from the arch in 2011.
In 2005 it was speculated that the arch might be moved across the street to Hyde Park, or to a more accessible location than its position on what was then a large traffic island.
Marble Arch area
In 1900 the Central London Railway opened Marble Arch tube station across the road from the arch. The station is now on the Central line of the London Underground.
Having a tube station means that the arch gives rise to a colloquial, entirely modern London "area", with no parishes or established institutions bearing its name. This generally equates to parts in view of the arch of Mayfair, Marylebone and often all of St George's Fields, Marylebone (west of Edgware Road) all in the City of Westminster, London, W1H.
The area around the arch forms a major road junction connecting Oxford Street to the east, Park Lane (A4202) to the south, Bayswater Road (A402) to the west, and Edgware Road (A5) to the north-west. The short road directly to the north of the arch is also known as Marble Arch.
The former cinema Odeon Marble Arch was located directly adjacent to the junction. Before 1997 this had the largest cinema screen in London. The screen was originally over 75 feet (23 m) wide. The Odeon showcased 70 mm films in a large circle-and-stalls auditorium. It closed in 2016 and was demolished later that same year.
The arch also stands close to the former site of the Tyburn gallows (sometimes called "Tyburn Tree"), a place of public execution from 1388 until 1793.
In 2021 the Marble Arch Mound, a temporary viewing platform, was opened at the site.
John Nash (18 January 1752 – 13 May 1835) was one of the foremost British architects of the Georgian and Regency eras, during which he was responsible for the design, in the neoclassical and picturesque styles, of many important areas of London. His designs were financed by the Prince Regent and by the era's most successful property developer, James Burton. Nash also collaborated extensively with Burton's son, Decimus Burton.
Nash's best-known solo designs are the Royal Pavilion, Brighton; Marble Arch; and Buckingham Palace. His best-known collaboration with James Burton is Regent Street and his best-known collaborations with Decimus Burton are Regent's Park and its terraces and Carlton House Terrace. The majority of his buildings, including those that the Burtons did not contribute to, were built by James Burton's company.
Background and early career
Nash was born in 1752, probably in Lambeth, south London. His father was a millwright also called John (1714–1772). From 1766 or 1767, Nash trained with the architect Sir Robert Taylor. The apprenticeship was completed in 1775 or 1776.
On 28 April 1775, at the now-demolished church of St Mary Newington, Nash married his first wife Jane Elizabeth Kerr, daughter of a surgeon Initially, he seems to have pursued a career as a surveyor, builder and carpenter. This gave him an income of around £300 a year (~£49,850 in 2020 money). The couple set up home at Royal Row, Lambeth. He established his own architectural practice in 1777 as well as being in partnership with a timber merchant, Richard Heaviside. The couple had two children, both were baptised at St Mary-at-Lambeth, John on 9 June 1776 and Hugh on 28 April 1778. In June 1778, Nash, "by the ill conduct of his wife found it necessary to send her into Wales in order to work a reformation on her." The cause of this appears to have been the claim that Jane Nash, "had imposed two spurious children on him as his and her own, notwithstanding she had then never had any child", and she had contracted several debts unknown to her husband, including one for milliners' bills of £300. The claim that Jane had faked her pregnancies and then passed babies she had acquired off as her own was brought before the Consistory court of the Bishop of London. His wife was sent to Aberavon to lodge with Nash's cousin, Ann Morgan, but she developed a relationship with a local man, Charles Charles. In an attempt at reconciliation, Jane returned to London in June 1779, but she continued to act extravagantly so he sent her to another cousin, Thomas Edwards of Neath. She gave birth just after Christmas and acknowledged Charles Charles as the father. In 1781, Nash instigated action against Jane for separation on grounds of adultery. The case was tried at Hereford in 1782, Charles who was found guilty was unable to pay the damages of £76 (~£13,200 in 2020 money) and subsequently died in prison. The divorce was finally read 26 January 1787.
His career was initially unsuccessful and short-lived. After inheriting £1000 (~£162,000 in 2020 money) in 1778 from his uncle Thomas, he invested the money in his first independent works, 15–17 Bloomsbury Square and 66–71 Great Russell Street in Bloomsbury. However, the property failed to let and he was declared bankrupt on 30 September 1783. His debts were £5000 (~£760,000 in 2020 money), including £2000 he had been lent by Robert Adam and his brothers. A blue plaque commemorating Nash was placed on 66 Great Russell Street by English Heritage in 2013.
Wales
Nash left London in 1784 to live in Carmarthen,[10] to where his mother had retired, her family being from the area.[17] In 1785 he and a local man, Samuel Simon Saxon, re-roofed the town's church for 600 guineas. Nash and Saxon seem to have worked as building contractors and suppliers of building materials. Nash's London buildings had been standard Georgian terraced houses, and it was in Wales that he matured as an architect. His first major work in the area was the first of three prisons he would design, Carmarthen 1789–92. This was planned by the penal reformer John Howard and Nash developed this into the finished building. He went on to design the prisons at Cardigan (1791–1796) and Hereford (1792–1796). It was at Hereford that Nash met Richard Payne Knight, whose theories on the picturesque as applied to architecture and landscape would influence Nash. The commission for Hereford Gaol came after the death of William Blackburn, who was to have designed the building. Nash's design was accepted after James Wyatt approved of the design.
In 1789, St Davids Cathedral was suffering from structural problems, the west front was leaning forward by one foot, Nash was called in to survey the structure and develop a plan to save the building. His solution completed in 1791, was to demolish the upper part of the façade and rebuild it with two large but inelegant flying buttresses. In 1790 Nash met Uvedale Price, of Downtown Castle, whose theories of the Picturesque would influence Nash's town planning. Price commissioned Nash to design Castle House Aberystwyth (1795). Its plan took the form of a right-angled triangle, with an octagonal tower at each corner, sited on the very edge of the sea.
One of Nash's most important developments were a series of medium-sized country houses that he designed in Wales, which developed the villa designs of his teacher Sir Robert Taylor. Most of these villas consist of a roughly square plan with a small entrance hall and a staircase offset in the middle to one side, around which are placed the main rooms. There is then a less prominent servants' quarters in a wing attached to one side of the villa. The buildings are usually only two floors in height and the elevations of the main block are usually symmetrical. One of the finest of these villas is Llanerchaeron, but at least a dozen villas were designed throughout south Wales. Others, in Pembrokeshire, include Ffynone, built for the Colby family at Boncath near Manordeifi, and Foley House, built for the lawyer Richard Foley (brother of Admiral Sir Thomas Foley) at Goat Street in Haverfordwest.
From 1796, Nash spent most of his time working in London; this was a prelude to his return to the capital in 1797. At this time, Nash designed the delicate Gothic revival gateway to Clytha Park near Abergavenny in Monmouthshire, and also his alterations in Gothic Revival style in 1794 to Hafod Uchtryd for Thomas Johnes at Devil's Bridge, Cardiganshire. Also in c. 1794–95 he advised on the paving, lighting and water supply in Abergavenny and designed an elegant market building. Other work included Whitson Court near Newport. After his return to London, Nash continued to design houses in Wales including Harpton Court in Radnorshire, which was demolished, apart from the service wing, in 1956. In 1807 he drew up plans for the re-building of Hawarden Castle with Gothic battlements and towers, but the plan appears to have been modified by another architect when it was carried out. About 1808 he designed Monachty near Aberaeron and later drew up plans for work at Nanteos.
He met Humphry Repton at Stoke Edith in 1792 and formed a successful partnership with the landscape garden designer. One of their early commissions was at Corsham Court in 1795–96. The pair would collaborate to carefully place the Nash-designed building in grounds designed by Repton. The partnership ended in 1800 under recriminations, Repton accusing Nash of exploiting their partnership to his own advantage. As Nash developed his architectural practice it became necessary to employ draughtsmen; the first in the early 1790s was Augustus Charles Pugin, and later in 1795, John Adey Repton son of Humphry.
Return to London
In June 1797, Nash moved into 28 Dover Street, a building of his own design. He built a larger house next door at 29, into which he moved the following year. Nash married 25-year-old Mary Anne Bradley on 17 December 1798 at St George's, Hanover Square. In 1798, he purchased a plot of land of 30 acres (12 ha) at East Cowes on which he erected 1798–1802 East Cowes Castle as his residence. It was the first of a series of picturesque Gothic castles that he would design.
Nash's final home in London was 14 Regent Street which he designed and built 1819–23. Number 16 was built at the same time for the home of Nash's cousin John Edwards, a lawyer who handled all of Nash's legal affairs. Located in lower Regent Street, near Waterloo Place, both houses formed a single design around an open courtyard. Nash's drawing office was on the ground floor and on the first floor was the finest room in the house, the 70-foot-long picture and sculpture gallery; it linked the drawing-room at the front of the building with the dining room at the rear. The house was sold in 1834 and the gallery interior moved to East Cowes Castle.
The finest of the dozen country houses that Nash designed as picturesque castles include the relatively small Luscombe Castle Devon (1800–04); Ravensworth Castle (Tyne and Wear), begun in 1807 but only finally completed in 1846, which was one of the largest houses by Nash; Caerhays Castle in Cornwall (1808–10); and Shanbally Castle, County Tipperary (1818–1819), which was the last of these castles to be built. These buildings all represented Nash's continuing development of an asymmetrical and picturesque architectural style that had begun during his years in Wales, at both Castle House Aberystwyth and his alterations to Hafod Uchtryd.
This process would be extended by Nash in planning groups of buildings, the first example being Blaise Hamlet (1810–1811). There a group of nine asymmetrical cottages was laid out around a village green. Nikolaus Pevsner described the hamlet as "the ne plus ultra of the Picturesque movement". The hamlet has also been described as the first fully realized exemplar of the garden suburb. Nash developed the asymmetry of his castles in his Italianate villas. His first such exercise was Cronkhill (1802), and others included Sandridge Park (1805) and Southborough Place, Surbiton(1808).
He advised on work to the buildings of Jesus College, Oxford, in 1815, for which he required no fee but asked that the college commission a portrait of him from Sir Thomas Lawrence to hang in the college hall.
Architect to the Prince Regent
Nash was a dedicated Whig and was a friend of Charles James Fox through whom Nash probably came to the attention of the Prince Regent (later King George IV). In 1806 Nash was appointed architect to the Surveyor General of Woods, Forests, Parks, and Chases. From 1810 Nash would take very few private commissions and for the rest of his career he would largely work for the Prince. His employment by the Prince Regent enabled Nash to embark upon a number of grand architectural projects.
His first major commissions in (1809–1826) from the Prince were Regent Street and the development of an area then known as Marylebone Park. With the Regent's backing, Nash created a master plan for the area, put into effect from 1818 onwards, which stretched from St James's northwards and included Regent Street, Regent's Park (1809–1832) and its neighbouring streets, terraces and crescents of elegant townhouses and villas. Nash did not design all the buildings himself. In some instances, these were left in the hands of other architects such as James Pennethorne and the young Decimus Burton.
Nash went on to re-landscape St. James's Park (1814–1827), reshaping the formal canal into the present lake, and giving the park its present form. A characteristic of Nash's plan for Regent Street was that it followed an irregular path linking Portland Place to the north with Carlton House, London (replaced by Nash's Carlton House Terrace (1827–1833) to the south. At the northern end of Portland Place Nash designed Park Crescent, London (1812 and 1819–1821), this opens into Nash's Park Square, London (1823–24), this only has terraces on the east and west, the north opens into Regent's Park.
The terraces that Nash designed around Regent's Park though conforming to the earlier form of appearing as a single building, as developed by John Wood, the Elder, are unlike earlier examples set in gardens and are not orthogonal in their placing to each other. This was part of Nash's development of planning, this found it is a most extreme example when he set out Park Village East and Park Village West (1823–34) to the north-east of Regent's Park, here a mixture of detached villas, semi-detached houses, both symmetrical and asymmetrical in their design are set out in private gardens railed off from the street, the roads loop and the buildings are both classical and gothic in style. No two buildings were the same, and or even in line with their neighbours. The park villages can be seen as the prototype for the Victorian suburbs.
Nash was employed by the Prince from 1815 to develop his Marine Pavilion in Brighton, originally designed by Henry Holland. By 1822 Nash had finished his work on the Marine Pavilion, which was now transformed into the Royal Pavilion. The exterior was based on Mughal architecture, giving the building its exotic form, the Chinoiserie style interiors are largely the work of Frederick Crace.
Nash was also a director of the Regent's Canal Company set up in 1812 to provide a canal link from west London to the River Thames in the east. Nash's master plan provided for the canal to run around the northern edge of Regent's Park; as with other projects, he left its execution to one of his assistants, in this case James Morgan. The first phase of the Regent's Canal was completed in 1816 and finally completed in 1820.
Together with Robert Smirke and Sir John Soane, he became an official architect to the Office of Works in 1813 (although the appointment ended in 1832) at a salary of £500 per annum (£57,810 in 2020 money). Following the death in September of that year of James Wyatt, this marked the high point in his professional life. As part of Nash's new position, he was invited to advise the Parliamentary Commissioners on the building of new churches from 1818 onwards. Nash produced ten church designs, each estimated to cost around £10,000 (£1.2 million in 2020 money) with seating for 2000 people; the style of the buildings were both classical and gothic. In the end, Nash only built two churches for the Commission: the classical All Souls Church, Langham Place (1822–24), terminating the northern end of Regent Street, and the gothic St. Mary's Haggerston (1825–27), bombed during The Blitz in 1941.
Nash was involved in the design of two of London's theatres, both in Haymarket. The King's Opera House (now rebuilt as Her Majesty's Theatre) (1816–1818) where he and George Repton remodelled the theatre, with arcades and shops around three sides of the building, the fourth being the still surviving Royal Opera Arcade. The other theatre was the Theatre Royal Haymarket (1821), with its fine hexastyle Corinthian order portico, which still survives, facing down Charles II Street to St. James's Square, Nash's interior no longer survives (the interior now dates from 1904). In 1820 a scandal broke, when a cartoon was published showing a half-dressed King George IV embracing Nash's wife with a speech bubble coming from the King's mouth containing the words "I have great pleasure in visiting this part of my dominions". Whether this was based on just a rumour put about by people who resented Nash's success or if there is substance behind is not known. Further London commissions for Nash followed, including the remodelling of Buckingham House to create Buckingham Palace (1825–1830), and for the Royal Mews (1822–24) and Marble Arch (1828). The arch was originally designed as a triumphal arch to stand at the entrance to Buckingham Palace. It was moved when the east wing of the palace designed by Edward Blore was built, at the request of Queen Victoria whose growing family required additional domestic space. Marble Arch became the entrance to Hyde Park and the Great Exhibition.
Work with James and Decimus Burton
The parents of John Nash, and Nash himself during his childhood, lived in Southwark, where James Burton worked as an 'Architect and Builder' and developed a positive reputation for prescient speculative building between 1785 and 1792. Burton built the Blackfriars Rotunda in Great Surrey Street (now Blackfriars Road) to house the Leverian Museum, for land agent and museum proprietor James Parkinson. However, whereas Burton was vigorously industrious, and quickly became 'most gratifyingly rich', Nash's early years in private practice, and his first speculative developments, which failed either to sell or let, were unsuccessful, and his consequent financial shortage was exacerbated by the 'crazily extravagant' wife whom he had married before he had completed his training, until he was declared bankrupt in 1783.
To repair his finances, Nash cultivated the acquaintance of James Burton, who consented to patronize him. James Burton responsible for the social and financial patronage of the majority of Nash's London designs, in addition to for their construction. Architectural scholar Guy Williams has written, "John Nash relied on James Burton for moral and financial support in his great enterprises. Decimus had showed precocious talent as a draughtsman and as an exponent of the classical style... John Nash needed the son's aid, as well as the father's".
Subsequent to the Crown Estate's refusal to finance them, James Burton agreed to personally finance the construction projects of Nash at Regent's Park, which he had already been commissioned to construct. Consequently, in 1816, Burton purchased many of the leases of the proposed terraces around, and proposed villas within, Regent's Park and, in 1817, Burton purchased the leases of five of the largest blocks on Regent Street. The first property to be constructed in or around Regent's Park by Burton was his own mansion: The Holme, which was designed by his son, Decimus Burton, and completed in 1818. Burton's extensive financial involvement 'effectively guaranteed the success of the project'. In return, Nash agreed to promote the career of Decimus Burton.
Nash was a vehement advocate of the neoclassical revival endorsed by John Soane, although he had lost interest in the plain stone edifices typical of the Georgian style, and instead advocated the use of stucco. Decimus Burton entered the office of Nash in 1815, where he worked alongside Augustus Charles Pugin, who detested the neoclassical style. Burton established his own architectural practice in 1821. In 1821, Nash invited Decimus Burton to design Cornwall Terrace in Regent's Park, and he was also invited by George Bellas Greenough, a close friend of the Prince Regent, Humphry Davy, and Nash, to design Grove House in Regent's Park.
Greenough's invitation to Decimus Burton was 'virtually a family affair', for Greenough had dined frequently with Decimus' parents and brothers, including the physician Henry Burton. Greenough and Decimus finalized their designs during numerous meetings at the opera. The design, when the villa had been completed, was described in The Proceedings of the Royal Society as, "one of the most elegant and successful adaptations of the Grecian style to purposes of modern domestic architecture to be found in this or any country."
Subsequently, Nash invited Decimus to design Clarence Terrace, Regent's Park. Such were Decimus Burton's contributions to the Regent's Park project that the Commissioners of Woods described Burton, not Nash, as 'the architect of Regent's Park'. Contrary to popular belief, the dominant architectural influence in many of the Regent's Park projects - including Cornwall Terrace, York Terrace, Chester Terrace, Clarence Terrace, and the villas of the Inner Circle, including The Holme and the London Colosseum attraction (the latter to Thomas Hornor's specifications) all of which were constructed by James Burton's company - was Decimus Burton, not John Nash, who was appointed architectural 'overseer' for Burton Jr.'s projects.
Decimus Burton, to Nash's chagrin, developed the Terraces according to his own style to the extent that Nash sought, unsuccessfully, to demolish and completely rebuild Chester Terrace. Decimus subsequently eclipsed his master and emerged as the dominant force in the design of Carlton House Terrace, where he exclusively designed No. 3 and No. 4. He also designed some of the villas of the Inner Circle: his villa for the Marquess of Hertford has been described as, 'decorated simplicity, such as the hand of taste, aided by the purse of wealth can alone execute'.
Retirement and death
Nash's career effectively ended with the death of George IV in 1830. The King's notorious extravagance had generated much resentment, and Nash was now without a protector. The Treasury started to look closely at the cost of Buckingham Palace. Nash's original estimate of the building's cost had been £252,690, but this had risen to £496,169 in 1829; the actual cost was £613,269 (~£69.5 million in 2020 money), and the building was still unfinished. This controversy ensured that Nash would not receive any more official commissions, nor would he be awarded the knighthood that other contemporary architects such as Jeffry Wyattville, John Soane and Robert Smirke received. Nash retired to the Isle of Wight to his home, East Cowes Castle.
On 28 March 1835 Nash was described as "very poorly and faint". This was the beginning of the end. On 1 May Nash's solicitor John Wittet Lyon was summonsed to East Cowes Castle to finalise his will. By 6 May he was described as 'very ill indeed all day', he died at his home on 13 May 1835. His funeral took place at St. James's Church, East Cowes on 20 May, where he was buried in the churchyard with a monument in the form of a stone sarcophagus. His widow acted to clear Nash's debts (some £15,000; £1.97 million in 2020 money), she held a sale of the Castle's contents, including three paintings by J. M. W. Turner painted on the Isle of Wight, four by Benjamin West and several copies of old master paintings by Richard Evans. These artworks were sold at Christie's on 11 July 1835 for £1,061 (~£139,500 in 2020 money). His books, medals, drawings and engravings were bought by a bookseller named Evans for £1,423 on 15 July (~£187,078 in 2020 money). The Castle itself was sold for a reported figure of £20,000 (~£2.63 million in 2020 money) to Henry Boyle, 3rd Earl of Shannon, within the year. Nash's widow retired to a property Nash had bequeathed to her in Hampstead where she lived until her death in 1851; she was buried with her husband on the Isle of Wight.
Assistants and pupils
Nash had many pupils and assistants, including Decimus Burton; Humphry Repton's sons, John Adey Repton and George Stanley Repton; Anthony Salvin; John Foulon (1772–1842); Augustus Charles Pugin; F.H. Greenway; James Morgan; James Pennethorne; and the brothers Henry, James, and George Pain.
Fun to see something from my region here!
Oviedo, FL. April 2019.
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If you would like to use THIS picture in any sort of media elsewhere (such as newspaper or article), please send me a Flickrmail or send me an email at natehenderson6@gmail.com
The sign on the back says this postbox was previously located at the General store/Post Office known as the Red Cow, Dry Street, Langdon Hills.
WEEK 33 – Tuesday Morning Relocation
Welcome to Tuesday Morning, Inc., Southaven! For those of you unfamiliar with the chain, l_dawg2000 has their own description of their stores at this photo of his album on this particular location. My assessment is that Tuesday Morning is a bit like a cheaper, more expansive, less exotic HomeGoods store (similar to Big Lots in the regard that most items are closeouts). In all honesty, though, I've simply always considered Tuesday Morning to be uncategorizable with other stores.
Tuesday Morning (now closed) // 7065 Airways Boulevard, Southaven, MS 38671
(c) 2016 Retail Retell
These places are public so these photos are too, but just as I tell where they came from, I'd appreciate if you'd say who :)
New place same old me. Relocated to the Pacific Northwest and finally able to settle down and be me again.
WEEK 33 – Tuesday Morning Relocation
(cont.) Following that era, there wasn't much in the way of cohesive imaging, and just within the past year or so it seems, they've been reimagining their look to the style seen on the endcap toppers, second CCTV sign in the previous pic, and promotional posters seen behind the checkstand also back one photo. Strangely enough, though, those new posters were gone almost as fast as they were installed, as can be seen in this close-up photo! I included this shot because the employee/manager I mentioned noted that the current register systems pictured will be moved over to the new store.
(c) 2016 Retail Retell
These places are public so these photos are too, but just as I tell where they came from, I'd appreciate if you'd say who :)
West Common, a former World War 1 Airfield and horse racecourse in Lincoln, Lincolnshire.
The current West Common was created in 1803-5 under the Enclosure Act of 1803, combining the former Carholme, Ox Pasture and Short Leys. 1872 dredging of the Brayford resulted in the mud being dumped in the South West corner of the Common. It was used as the venue for the Royal Show in 1907 & 1947 and the County Show in 1955.
West Common was the original location of the Lincolnshire Handicap. The course closed in 1965 and the race renamed the Lincoln Handicap relocated to Doncaster Racecourse. From 1727 at the earliest, Lincoln had held a Royal Plate race, run in 4 mile heats by 6 year olds carrying 12 stone.
The racecourse was established by the Lincoln Corporation on West Common in 1773. The grandstand of 1897 is a Grade II listed building, now used as a community centre. The A57 road passed between the course and the grandstand. During race meetings, this was closed off and traffic diverted, enabling BBC cameras to follow the leaders of the race at close distance all the way from start to the winning post.
During WWI much of the Common was designated No.4 Aircraft Acceptance Park and was used to test aircraft assembled in the city’s many industrial plants. The airfield had turf runways and a number of outbuildings, many of which survive as earthworks such as the former area of hangars to the south of the current football pitches, and building platforms on the opposite side of Saxilby Road to the racecourse grandstand, which were used to accommodate test pilots. Crenellated earthworks just south of the Grandstand identify the location of a former training trench from WWI. These are earthworks formed from a pattern of multiple, regular, rectangular spaces cut from the ground.
West Common today eleven percent of Lincoln's neutral grassland and marsh resource, and supports a population of skylark. A number of sports facilities are supported on the West Common, including football, tennis, cricket, bowls and a golf course. The tennis courts have recently been refurbished by the Lincoln County Council, with new surfacing, fencing, posts and nets. The grass courts are available until September and the hard courts are available all year round.
The area is a popular space for the horse's owners to ride and train the horses. Horses can be found grazing across the whole area, a right dating back to the 11th century and the High Medieval Era common grazing rights. A right for citizens of Lincoln which extends to the current day.
Originally back in medieval England the common was an integral part of the manor, and was thus part of the estate held by the lord of the manor under a feudal grant from the Crown or a superior peer, who in turn held his land from the Crown which owned all land. This manorial system, founded on feudalism, granted rights of land use to different classes. These would be appurtenant rights, that is the ownership of rights belonged to tenancies of particular plots of land held within a manor. A commoner would be the person who, for the time being, was the occupier of a particular plot of land.
On most commons, rights of pasture and pannage for each commoner are tightly defined by number and type of animal, and by the time of year when certain rights could be exercised. For example, the occupier of a particular cottage might be allowed to graze fifteen cattle, four horses, ponies or donkeys, and fifty geese, whilst the numbers allowed for their neighbours would probably be different. On some commons (such as the New Forest and adjoining commons), the rights are not limited by numbers, and instead a marking fee is paid each year for each animal turned out. However, if excessive use was made of the common, for example, in overgrazing, a common would be stinted, that is, a limit would be put on the number of animals each commoner was allowed to graze.
We had to stop and put it in a tree even though at best, future families might use it for parts of not the whole.
On the ferry from Amsterdam Central Station to NDSM werf; After a thorough study of the screen of his cellphone, suddenly he looked up to something on his left.
Vancouver, Canada
The Marine Building is a skyscraper located at 355 Burrard Street in Downtown Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada near the Financial District, designed by McCarter Nairne and Partners. It is renowned for its Art Deco details and for a time for being the tallest building in the British Empire.
The brainchild of Lt. Commander J.W. Hobbs of Toronto, it was opened on 7 October 1930, and at 97.8m (22 floors) it was the tallest skyscraper in the city until 1939.[1] According to the architects, McCarter & Nairne, the building was intended to evoke "some great crag rising from the sea, clinging with sea flora and fauna, tinted in sea-green, touched with gold."[2] The building cost $2.3 million to build – $1.1 million over budget—but due to the Great Depression it was sold to the Guinness family of Ireland for only $900,000. The 2004 property assessment is $22 million.
There was an observation deck, but during the depression in the 1930s the 25 cents admission price proved unaffordable for most. Currently, there are no public galleries in the building.
Inside the massive brass-doored elevators the walls are inlaid with 12 varieties of local hardwoods. All over the walls and polished brass doors are depictions of sea snails, skate, crabs, turtles, carp, scallops, seaweed and sea horses, as well as the transportation means of the era. The floor presents the zodiac signs. The exterior is studded with flora and fauna, tinted in sea-green and touched with gold.
During a renovation from 1982-1989 to update the electrical, mechanical and air-conditioning systems, the "battleship linoleum" (imported from Scotland) in the lobby was replaced with marble. The former Merchant Exchange was also gutted, and changed into a high-class Chinese restaurant (Imperial Chinese Restaurant). The floor was raised so that diners could take advantage of the room's huge windows.
The building has often been used in filmmaking and television production. It was the setting for the final scene in the movie, Timecop. Recently, the building has gained notice as the Daily Planet headquarters in the popular television show Smallville. The building was used in the movie Blade: Trinity. It stood in for the Baxter Building in New York City in 2005's Fantastic Four and its sequel, Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer.[3] This building was also the management centre for oneworld, of one of the three largest airline alliances in the world, from its founding in May 2000 until it was relocated to New York City in June 2011.
Better on B l a c k M a g i c
Todays challenge for the daily shoot was Today's theme is the color pink. Find something that's pink and make a creative photo.
Went for my lunchtime walk and spotted these signs for no parking because of filming and noticed the company was delocated and if your car is parked there it would be relocated
Built c. 1800 at no. 75 Anson Street.
"Charleston is the largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston metropolitan area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint of South Carolina's coastline on Charleston Harbor, an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean formed by the confluence of the Ashley, Cooper, and Wando rivers. Charleston had a population of 150,277 as of the 2020 U.S. Census. The 2020 population of the Charleston metropolitan area, comprising Berkeley, Charleston, and Dorchester counties, was 799,636 residents, the third-largest in the state and the 74th-largest metropolitan statistical area in the United States.
Charleston was founded in 1670 as Charles Town, honoring King Charles II, at Albemarle Point on the west bank of the Ashley River (now Charles Towne Landing) but relocated in 1680 to its present site, which became the fifth-largest city in North America within ten years. It remained unincorporated throughout the colonial period; its government was handled directly by a colonial legislature and a governor sent by Parliament. Election districts were organized according to Anglican parishes, and some social services were managed by Anglican wardens and vestries. Charleston adopted its present spelling with its incorporation as a city in 1783. Population growth in the interior of South Carolina influenced the removal of the state government to Columbia in 1788, but Charleston remained among the ten largest cities in the United States through the 1840 census.
Charleston's significance in American history is tied to its role as a major slave trading port. Charleston slave traders like Joseph Wragg were the first to break through the monopoly of the Royal African Company and pioneered the large-scale slave trade of the 18th century; almost one half of slaves imported to the United States arrived in Charleston. In 2018, the city formally apologized for its role in the American Slave trade after CNN noted that slavery "riddles the history" of Charleston." - info from Wikipedia.
The fall of 2022 I did my 3rd major cycling tour. I began my adventure in Montreal, Canada and finished in Savannah, GA. This tour took me through the oldest parts of Quebec and the 13 original US states. During this adventure I cycled 7,126 km over the course of 2.5 months and took more than 68,000 photos. As with my previous tours, a major focus was to photograph historic architecture.
Now on Instagram.
WEEK 20 – Closing the Gap (VI)
Another comparison shot now, this one looking under the store's semi-awning (really just a slight extension of the upper façade out from the storefront itself) at the entry doors and front windows. (The “before” shot can be seen at this link.)
I'm trying to read the three paper signs posted on the doors; the first two I can make out, but for the life of me I can't see anything on that rightmost one! I'm thinking it may have been blank, or facing indoors for some reason. Anyway, the one on the left advises shoppers that they can take an extra 25% off their entire purchase, while the one in the middle simply says that everything is at least 70% off – a bit of a no-brainer, with only 3 days left, lol!
(c) 2018 Retail Retell
These places are public so these photos are too, but just as I tell where they came from, I'd appreciate if you'd say who :)
The CDV on the right was done by Clarke, 539 Penn St., Reading, Pennsylvania. Photographer Samuel E. Clark (also Clarke) was born 11 February 1832 in Pennsylvania (PA), one of at least seven children born to Irish immigrant Daniel Clarke (1788-1872) and Mary Peterson (born circa 1800). In 1850, Samuel was living with his parents and six siblings in Sadsburyville, Chester County, PA., where his father worked as a shoemaker. Samuel and two of his brothers also listed shoemaker as their occupations in the 1850 census. It is not known when Samuel began his photographic career, but it was possibly as the verso above notes as "Clarke and Wiley", but Reading directories were not available for that period. He was listed in an 1866 Reading directory as having a studio at 539 Penn Street over Neff’s store. He also is listed in tax lists for that year as paying for a Class B license. Samuel remained at 539 Penn through 1868, and then relocated to 1033 Buttonwood (1869) and later 441 Bingaman (1871). Samuel and Abigail were listed as being in Reading for the 1870 census, and the couple had six sons and four daughters. Only one of them was working, John, who was a telegrapher. Samuel was not listed in the 1874 Reading directory and apparently had relocated to Philadelphia. In 1875 and 1876 Philadelphia directories, he was listed as photographer, but no business address was provided. Hower, the 1877 directory listed him as a music teacher, which is also the occupation he listed for the 1880 census. He was listed in later directories as a photographer, but without a business address. I lost track of him after 1889, but did find that Samuel Clark passed away on 25 June 1902 in Cook County, Illinois; he was buried in Pennsylvania.
The other CDV was done by Saylor's New Photograph Gallery, S.W. Corner of Fifth and Penn Sts., Reading, Pennsylvania. Photographer Charles A. Saylor was born 2 April 1838 in Pennsylvania, the son of Joseph M. Saylor (1803-1891) and Christianna Rickert (1808-1894). Circa 1864, he married Elmira Wetzel Hannam (27 May 1840 - 3 June 1912), and the couple would have at least five children. In 1850, Charles was living in Reading, Pennsylvania with his parents and four siblings; his father was a Methodist clergyman. In 1860, Charles was a farm laborer in Montgomery, Pennsylvania. In 1862 he paid $10.00 for a Class B license as a photographer in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. In 1864, Charles was in Reading, Pennsylvania, with a studio located at 538 Penn Street; that year he paid $25.00 for his Class B license. In 1865 and 1866, his studio was at 454 Penn Street. In the August-December 1866 period, he had reported income of $2,651. In 1867, his studio was at the southeast corner of 6th and Penn Streets, over Reizmann’s. In censuses from 1870 through 1920, Saylor remained in Reading working as a photographer, although in the 1920 census it appears that his son, Clifford, had taken over the studio. Charles A. Saylor passed away on 11 October 1921 in Reading.