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Detail: hand-wound electromagnetic pickup potted in hot glue.
I wanted to try changing the pitch of a guitar string by stretching it with a solenoid - thus "tension guitar." I thought I'd be able to get multiple pitches by turning the puller on and off very quickly (PWM) but that didn't work well, so I was stuck with just two pitches. That was boring, so I added a little finger that frets the string. With the combination of the two, it can play four pitches. Over and over and over, thanks to the automatic strummer. Like this. There's also video of the various moving parts here.
8th February 2017 at the Garage, London N5.
The Electric Resonator Guitar is a fairly modern invention. Resonator Guitars became popular to achieve higher volume before there were Electric Guitars. In turn they have incorporated electric pickups.
The Resoelectric made by National Reso-Phonic Guitars is a single cone electric Resonator guitar. It originally came out in the 1990s and has a solid body and two pickups, one in the neck and one under the saddle (the bridge insert that separates the strings from the wedge used to amplify the sound).
Electric Resonator Guitars are assigned the number 321.322-6 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonators surface.
321.3 = Handle Lutes. Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle.
321.32 = Necked Lutes. Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck
321.322 = Necked Box Lutes. Instruments in which the resonator is built up from wood.
321.322-6 = Strings vibrated by a plectrum.
10th October 2016 at SOAS (Brunei Gallery), London WC1 (Abbos Kosimov gig).
The Uzbek Rubab (or Kashgar Rubab after a city in Xinjiang) differs from the Afghan instrument in having only five strings in three courses and no resonance strings, and being built it from separate pieces of wood.
Rubabs are assigned the number 321.321-6 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro-acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid-body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonator’s surface.
321.3 = Handle Lutes. Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle.
321.32 = Necked Lutes. Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck
321.321 = Necked Bowl Lutes. Instrument with a resonator made from a bowl, either natural or carved.
321.321-6 = Strings vibrated by a plectrum.
15th October 2020 at Horniman Museum, London SE23.
The Bandurria is a teardrop shaped lute from Spain with 12 strings in 6 courses (there were originally 5 courses). Like many instruments it also changed from being round backed to flat backed. It is one of the instruments used by Rondalla groups, and can also be found in former Spanish colonies like those in Latin America (where it has four courses) and the Philippines.
This instrument was made by the Sentchordi brothers in Valecia Spain, in the late 19th century. Before being purchased by the Horniman Museum it was played by a Venezuelan group Cruz Quinal's Ensemble.
Bandurrias are assigned the number 321.322-5 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonators surface.
321.3 = Handle Lutes. Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle.
321.32 = Necked Lutes. Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck
321.322 = Necked Box Lutes. Instruments in which the resonator is built up from wood.
321.322-6 = Strings vibrated by a plectrum.
24th September 2020 at Horniman Museum, London SE23.
This Trough Zither was made by the Batooro people of western Uganda. Seven holes are bored at each end for the strings. Four slots are cut out of the wood at the centre of the trough, possibly for the attachment of a gourd resonator.
This instrument was made before 1953.
Trough Zither [Batooro] are assigned the number 315.1 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
31 = Simple Chordophones. Instruments which are in essence simply a string or strings and a string bearer
315 = Trough Zither Instruments where the strings are stretched across the mouth of a trough.
315.1 = Without resonator.
25th May 2016 at the V&A (Medieval and Renaissance galleries), London SW7.
The Oliphant (or Olifant) is an ivory hunting horn made from an elephant's tusk. Like other Animal Horns it is a form of natural trumpet. This means they lack valves or other means of changing the pitch.
This instrument was made in Amalfi or Salerno, Italy between 1000 and 1100. It is carved with a network of interconnected circles containing birds, antelopes, hares and other creatures. The style of decoration is derived from Islamic art.
Oliphants are assigned the number 423.1 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
4 = Aerophones. Sound is primarily produced by vibrating air. The instrument itself does not vibrate, and there are no vibrating strings or membranes.
42 = Non-free aerophones. The vibrating air is contained within the instrument.
423 = Trumpets. The player's vibrating lips set the air in motion.
423.1 = There are no means of changing the pitch apart from the player's lips.
10th October 2016 at SOAS (Brunei Gallery), London WC1.
The Doyra (or Doira) is an Uzbek frame drum with jingles (iron rings) attached inside the frame. It is similar to the Persian Dayereh.
Doyras are assigned the number 211.311 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
2 = Membranophones. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
21 = Struck Membranophones. Sound is produced by hitting the drumskin with a hand or object.
211 = Directly Struck Membranophones. Instruments in which the membrane is struck directly.
211.3 = Frame Drums. Instruments in which the body depth is not greater than the radius of the membrane.
211.31 = Instruments which do not have a handle.
211.311 = Instruments which have only one usable membrane.
26th October 2019 at the Clayton Crown Hotel (Galtymore Suite, previously callled Bentley Suite), London NW2 (in a duo with Brian McGrath).
The Concertina was developed in the 1830s in both England and Germany. It differs from the Accordion in having buttons in the same direction as the bellows rather than perpendicular. There are two keyboards of buttons, one at each end of the instruments bellows. Each button has an individual note.
There are several different types of Concertina. The English Concertina is octagonal and unisonoric (the same note on push and draw). The German Concertina (Chemnitzer) is rectangular and bisonoric (a different note on push and draw). There is also an Anglo-German Concertina (usually just called an Anglo) developed later in the 1860s which is closer to the English shape (usually hexagonal) and has the German note system. Other difference between the English and Anglo Concertinas are: the former have thumb straps and the latter hand straps, the rows of buttons on the former are straight and on the latter slightly curved downwards. The Duet Concertina is harder to pin down as there are a number of different systems. They are all unisonoric and have the bass notes are on the left side and the treble are on the right. The player can then play the melody on the right hand, with an accompaniment on the left, thus the name Duet.
The Miniature Concertina according to an article in Papers of the International Concertina Association is 3¾ inches or less across their flat ends (rather than measuring diagonally from point to point of the hexagon or octagon). They were produced in the second half of the 19th and first half of the 20th centuries by the main Concertina manufacturers (e.g. Crabb, Lachenal, Wheatstone) in all of the three types of the instrument. They have (counting both ends) between 8 and 18 keys, most commonly 12.
This is a Dipper Miniature Anglo Concertina. Few Miniatures have been made in recent years, Most of those which are described as Miniatures the author of the above article calls Semi Miniatures (between 3¾ and 5 inches across).One of the exceptions is C & R Dipper and Sons who have made a 12 key (plus right-side air key) 2¼ inch Anglo model. Noel Hill also owns a vintage Jeffries Miniature but no longer takes it out on the road.
Concertinas are assigned the number 412.132 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
4 = Aerophones. Sound is primarily produced by vibrating air. The instrument itself does not vibrate, and there are no vibrating strings or membranes.
41 = Free Aerophones. The vibrating air is not contained within the instrument.
412 = Interruptive Free Aerophones. The air-stream is interrupted periodically.
412.1 = Idiophonic Interruptive Aerophones or Reeds. The air-stream is directed against a lamella, setting it in periodic vibration to interrupt the stream intermittently.
412.13 = Free Reed Instruments. Instrument features a reed which vibrates within a closely fitting slot.
412.132 = Sets of Free Reads.
30th January 2018 at the Edinburgh University Collection of Historic Musical Instruments, St Cecilia’s Hall, Edinburgh.
The Serpent is a bass wind instrument with a mouthpiece like a brass instrument. It is made of wood (usually walnut) with the outside covered with dark brown or black leather, and ia about 2.5 m long. The instrument takes its name from from its snakelike double 'S' curved shape. It has fingerholes (usually six) and sometimes keys. Invented at the end of the 16 century, the Serpent was the standard bass brass instrument bands and orchestras until early 19th century, being replaced by the Ophicleide. It was particularly popular in French churches the accompanying Gregorian plainsong and in military bands.
The Contrabass Serpent is pitched a full octave below a standard Serpent. It is the only member of the Serpent family which was definity produced during the Serpent's heyday.
This instrument was made around 1840 by Joseph and Richard Wood in Huddersfield. It is the only known example of a contrabass serpent apart from modern creations. Five metres in length, it is double the size of a regular Serpent. There are 11 keys covering all of its holes.
Serpents are assigned the number 423.213 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
4 = Aerophones. Sound is primarily produced by vibrating air. The instrument itself does not vibrate, and there are no vibrating strings or membranes.
42 = Non-free aerophones. The vibrating air is contained within the instrument.
423 = Trumpets. The player's vibrating lips set the air in motion.
423.2 = Chromatic Trumpet. The pitch of the instrument can be altered mechanically.
423.21 = Trumpets with Fingerholes.
423.213 = With Wider Conicial Bore.
Status Kingbass made of balsa and epoxy putty and various jewelry findings, stained with custom-made blend of acrylic and varnish, painted with acrylic
Persistent URL: digital.lib.muohio.edu/u?/snyder,331
Subject (TGM): Universities and colleges; Military education; Military training; Military bands; Military uniforms; Musical instruments; Group portraits;
LeDuff Musical Instrument Collection
Wot - a circular panpipe made of 6-9 various lengths of small bamboo pipes. Play by holding between the hands, and while rotating, blow downwards into the pipes.
(mai-ruak or mai-hia, mai-ku-khan) Source: wikipedia en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Thai_musical_instruments
11th June 2017 at artsdepot (Café area), London N12 (Klezmerco gig).
The Tárogató is a modern invention with the same name as a traditional instrument. The original instrument which was derived from the Zurna had a double reed, concial bore and no keys. It can be traced back to at least the 15th century in Hungary. The new instrument invented in the 1890s in Budapest has a single reed, comical bore and keys. It resembles a Soprano Saxophone, but with different keying, tone hole sizes and placements, and a different sound.
Tárogatós are assigned the number 422.212 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
4 = Aerophones. Sound is primarily produced by vibrating air. The instrument itself does not vibrate, and there are no vibrating strings or membranes.
42 = Non-free aerophones. The vibrating air is contained within the instrument.
422 = Reed Instruments. The player's breath is directed against a lamella or pair of lamellae which periodically interrupt the airflow and cause the air to be set in motion.
422.2 = Single Reed Instruments or Clarinets. The pipe has a single 'reed' consisting of a percussion lamella.
422.21 = Single Clarinets [as opposed to sets of Clarinets].
422.212 = With conical bore.
9th October 2021 at Cecil Sharp House (Kennedy Hall), London NW1.
The Accordion is a bellows driven free reed instrument. From the 1820s onwards several different free reed instruments were invented across Europe (the first to use the name Accordion was patented in Vienna in 1829). They evolved into three main types of instrument: Diatonic, Chromatic and Piano Accordions (as well as Concertinas).
The Diatonic Accordion is operated by pressing buttons or keys which allows air to flow across the reeds (these are strips of brass or steel) which vibrate to produce sound. It is bisonoric (the buttons make one note when the bellows are compressed and another when they are expanded).
The Melodeon is the name used In England for the Diatonic Accordion (though the player may well be using an instrument manufactured in continental Europe and known there as an Accordion). A Melodeon has between 1 and 3 rows of button on the right hand side.
This instrument is a Saltarelle Connemara II in C/F. It was made around 2004, and has 12 basses and a two and a half row right hand (23 + 4). Spiers likes its sound much lessc than his older brown D/G box from the same company.
Melodeons are assigned the number 412.132 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
4 = Aerophones. Sound is primarily produced by vibrating air. The instrument itself does not vibrate, and there are no vibrating strings or membranes.
41 = Free Aerophones. The vibrating air is not contained within the instrument.
412 = Interruptive Free Aerophones. The air-stream is interrupted periodically.
412.1 = Idiophonic Interruptive Aerophones or Reeds. The air-stream is directed against a lamella, setting it in periodic vibration to interrupt the stream intermittently.
412.13 = Free Reed Instruments. Instrument features a reed which vibrates within a closely fitting slot.
412.132 = Sets of Free Reads.
15th October 2020 at Horniman Museum, London SE23.
This free reed pipe is played by the Kachin people of the north of Myanmar (Burma). it is one of a number of reed pipes which they call sumpyi (flutes). It is side-blown with a tapered metal free reed that points longitudinally down the instrument..
This instrument was made before 1898. It has five fingerholes and one thumbhole.
Kachin Reed Pipes are assigned the number 422.32 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
4 = Aerophones. Sound is primarily produced by vibrating air. The instrument itself does not vibrate, and there are no vibrating strings or membranes.
42 = Non-free aerophones. The vibrating air is contained within the instrument.
422 = Reed Instruments. The player's breath is directed against a lamella or pair of lamellae which periodically interrupt the airflow and cause the air to be set in motion.
422.3 = Reedpipes with free reeds. The reed vibrates through [at] a closely fitted frame. There must be fingerholes.
422.31 = Single pipes with free reeds.
12th May 2014 at SOAS (Brunei Gallery), London WC1.
The Dutar is a long necked two string lute found in Iran and Central Asia. The Uyghur Dutar has a body made of ribs of usually mulberry wood glued together and a long neck.
Dutars are assigned the number 321.321 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
32 = Composite Chordophone. Acoustic and electro-acoustic instruments which have a resonator as an integral part of the instrument, and solid-body electric chordophones.
321 = Lutes. Instruments where the plane of the strings runs parallel with the resonator’s surface.
321.3 = Handle Lutes. Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle.
321.32 = Necked Lutes. Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck.
321.321 = Necked Bowl Lutes. Instrument with a resonator made from a bowl, either natural or carved.
30th January 2018 at the Edinburgh University Collection of Historic Musical Instruments, St Cecilia’s Hall, Edinburgh.
The Bentside Spinet is small Harpsichord with an approximately triangular shape. The side on the right has a double curve toward the right rear corner (hence the name of the instrument). It is distinguished from the Harpsichord in that the strings and spine run transversely to the player and are not parallel to the key levers. The Bentside Spinet originated in Italy but was most popular elsewhere, particularly England.
This instrument was made in 1680, possibly by Claude Labreche in Carpentras (near Avignon), France. It is a double manual Spinet. The carved, silvered stand is not original.
Bentside Spinets are assigned the number 314.122-6-8 in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification of musical instruments ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbostel-Sachs ), indicating:
3 = Chordophone. Instruments where the sound is primarily produced by the vibration of a string or strings that are stretched between fixed points.
31 = Simple Chordophones. Instruments which are in essence simply a string or strings and a string bearer
314 = Board Zither. Instrument uses a string bearer that is shaped like a board, or is the ground.
314.1 = Instrument with strings parallel to the string bearer.
314.12 = Instrument has a resonator.
314.122 = Box Zither. Instrument has a resonator made from slats.
314.122-6-8 = Strings are caused to vibrate by plectrum and keyboard.