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Isabella Khair Hadid (/həˈdiːd/; born October 9, 1996)[4] is an American fashion model, signed to IMG Models in 2014. In December 2016, the Industry voted her "Model of the Year" for Model.com's Model of the Year 2016 Awards.[5]
Early life
Isabella Khair Hadid was born and raised in Los Angeles, California[6] to real-estate developer Mohamed Hadid[7][8] and former model Yolanda Hadid. Her mother is a Dutch-born American, and her father is Palestinian American.[9] Hadid has two siblings, an older sister named Gigi, who is also a model, and a younger brother, Anwar. She has two older half-sisters, Marielle and Alana, on her father's side.[10]
Hadid and her siblings were originally raised on a ranch in Santa Barbara, California for ten years.[11] As a teenager, Hadid was an equestrian and had dreams of attending the 2016 Olympics in Rio de Janeiro but had to give up competing in 2013 due to her suffering from chronic Lyme disease.[12][13][14] It was not announced that she suffered from chronic Lyme until October 2015.[15] She was diagnosed, along with her mother and brother, with the chronic illness in 2012.[16]
In Fall of 2014, Hadid moved to New York City and began studying photography at the Parsons School of Design, signing to IMG shortly before. She has since dropped out of school due to the success of her modeling career, but has expressed interest in returning to school to take on Fashion Photography as a career once she is done modeling.[17] Hadid has also expressed interest in acting.[18]
Career
2012–2014: Early work
Hadid began modeling at age 16 with a Flynn Skye commercial project. Hadid also starred in the "Swan Sittings" by Lesa Amoore, alongside actor Ben Barnes, and "Smoking Hot" by Holly Copeland, modeled for Hannah Hayes F/W 2013 collection, various other commercial projects, and had done campaign work for Chrome Hearts in summer 2013 and 2014.[19][20]
2014–2015: Professional rise
Bella Hadid starring as "Black Widow" in Love Advent, Day 14 2015
Hadid signed to IMG Models on August 21, 2014.[21]
She made her New York Fashion Week debut in the fall of 2014, walking for Desigual. In the spring fashion weeks of 2015, Hadid walked for Tom Ford in Los Angeles, and walked in the amfAR 22nd Cinema Against AIDs Gala fashion show in May. In the fall 2015 New York Fashion Week, she walked for Diane von Fürstenberg, Tommy Hilfiger, Jeremy Scott (she closed his show), and Marc Jacobs. At London Fashion Week, walked for Topshop Unique and Giles, and at Milan Fashion Week for Philipp Plein, Moschino, Missoni, and Bottega Veneta. While at Paris Fashion Week she walked for Balmain. In December 2015 she made her Chanel debut, walking for the first time in the luxury brand's Métiers d'Art show in Rome.[22][23]
In December 2014, Hadid made her first cover appearance on Jalouse Magazine and was featured on Day 27 of Love Magazine's Love Advent that same year.[24][25] Hadid appeared on the November 2015 cover of Seventeen and has shot editorials for magazines, including Vogue Australia and Elle.[26] She was also on the cover of Unconditional Magazine, Grey Magazine, Jalouse Magazine, V Magazine (with sister, Gigi), Editorialist, Wonderlands 10th Birthday Issue, S Moda, Evening Standard, Teen Vogue, and Twin Magazine F/W Issue.[27][28][29]
Hadid also featured in numerous editorials for various magazines, including Vogue Girl Japan, Harper's Bazaar, GQ, W magazine, Town and Country, Pop magazine, three for Glamour magazine, and two for Love magazine. She was also featured again in Love magazine's Love Advent Day 14 and 15 in 2015. Hadid also made an appearance in two CR Fashion Book's – "Body Book" and "Fantasy Campaigns".[30][31]
Hadid was one of eight young models to land Topshop's Holiday campaign and appeared in Balmain's Fall 2015 ad campaign (alongside sister Gigi), as well as starring in the Holiday campaign for Victoria's Secret's younger line, PINK, alongside spokesmodel Rachel Hilbert and Devon Windsor.[32] Hadid was also featured in the Spring 2015 ad campaign for Botkier Bags and the Fall 2015 ad campaign for Ralph Lauren Denim & Supply, as well as the campaign for Boghossian Jewels. She was also a co-star in Samsung's Fall/Winter Look Book, alongside Xiao Wen Ju, which incorporated both technology and fashion.[33]
At the end of 2015, she was awarded Model.com's Break Out Star: Women for Reader's Choice Category.
2016: Model of the Year
In January, Hadid made her Chanel Couture debut during Paris Haute Couture S/S Fashion Week.[34] She walked exclusively for Givenchy and walked for Chanel and Miu Miu at their shows in Paris Fashion Week in March 2016, as well as walking for FentyxPuma in New York Fashion Week in February 2016.[35] She also made her first Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Australia appearance in May 2016, exclusively opening and closing the Misha Resort 2017 show.[36] Hadid walked for the amfAR 23rd Cinema Against AIDs fashion show and Dior Cruise 2017 show in London in May.[37][38] In June, she walked in the Haute Couture segment of Givenchy's Menswear S/S 2017 show during Men's Paris Fashion Week. During Paris Haute Couture F/W Fashion week she walked for both Versace, Dior, and Alexandre Vauthier, where she closed the show. Hadid also closed the show for Fendi Haute Couture in Rome later that week.[39] Hadid started off the S/S 2017 season during NYFW, opening for DKNY and walking for Michael Kors, Anna Sui, Ralph Lauren, and Marc Jacobs.[40][41] During London Fashion Week Hadid walked exclusviely for Versus Versace, opening the show. The next week, in Milan, she opened for Alberta Ferretti and Fendi; as well as walking for Max Mara, Moschino, Versace, Bottega Veneta, and closing for Philosophy di Lorenzo Serafini.[42][43] On November 30, Hadid walked in the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show, wearing two looks, one from their Bright Night Angels segment and one from Secret Angels. Her Bright Night Angels look also featured a pair of wings.[44]
During 2016, she appeared on the covers of Seventeen Magazine Mexico, Self Service Magazine, CR Fashion Book's #CRGirs, V Magazine, Harper's Bazaar Spain, Japan, Australia, and Russia; Elle Brasil, US, UK, Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia; Allure, Double Magazine, Glamour Germany, US, Russia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, and Iceland; Exit magazine, W magazine Korea, L'Officiel Russia, Sunday Times Style, British GQ, Flare, and Paper Magazine.[45][46][47][48][49] In May, Hadid spotlighted on her first Vogue cover for Vogue Turkey, a Vogue Me cover with Korean rapper G-Dragon in August, and received another three Vogue covers for Japan, Italia, and Paris, alongside model Taylor Hill, in September.[50][51] She had editorials in these magazines, as well as in; Glamour UK, British GQ, LOVE Club, Dazed, W Magazine, Vogue US and Paris, as well as an online editorial in Vogue for Valentine's Day. In May, Hadid made her first short film appearance of the year, starring in Tyer Ford's film, Private.[52] Hadid was also the star of LOVE Advent's calendar for Day 1 in a segment entitled "Aerobics".[53]
Hadid was also featured in the "My America" campaign by Marc Jacobs, TopShop's Denim Campaign for Summer 2016, starred in Joe's Jeans 2016 campaign, and Misha Collection's Resort and Misha Gold campaign.[36][54][55] Alongside Frank Ocean, Kate Moss, and others, she was featured in the Calvin Klein F/W 2016 global campaign. She starred in J.W Anderson's Fall/Winter campaign.[56] Hadid was also featured in Givenchy F/W 2016 campaign and in the brands' Resort 2017 line.[57]
On May 31, it was announced that Hadid is the new ambassador of Dior Makeup and would be starring in a new web series from the fashion house called Dior Makeup Live with Bella Hadid starting in June, and did a tutorial using their makeup for Vogue US's YouTube channel in August.[38] Hadid's first collaboration was announced on December 13. She partnered up with her best friend's, Jesse Jo Stark, family's brand, Chrome Hearts.[58] Hadid also shot her first campaign with the brand, just after turning 16 years old, and recently played the role of photographer for the Stark family for W Magazine back in August.[59][60] The date the collection she co-designed will be coming out is yet to be announced.
In March 2016, Hadid won Model of the Year at the Daily Front Row's Fashion Los Angeles Awards.[61] In June 2016, Hadid was ranked among Models.com's Top 50 Models list. In September 2016, she won Model of the Year at the GQ Men of the Year Awards in London.[62] In December, Models.com nominated Hadid for their Reader's Choice awards; for both Model of the Year and Social Media Star of the Year. She won Model of the Year Women from the Industry's vote.[63]
2017
Bella Hadid, alongside sister Gigi, backstage at Anna Sui F/W 2017.
In January 2017, Hadid walked in Givenchy's S/S 2017 Haute Couture segment during their F/W Menswear Fashion Show in Paris.[64] During Haute Couture S/S week, she also walked for Chanel and opened Alexandre Vauthier. In February, she walked in her sister, Gigi's, Tommy Hilfiger collaboration "TommyxGigi" in Los Angeles and in Paris she closed the H&M Studio show, both last minute additions to the S/S 2017 season.[65] To start off the F/W 2017 season, Hadid walked for Alexander Wang, Sies Marjan, Carolina Herrera, Brandom Maxwell, Michael Kors, Anna Sue, Ralph Lauren; and opened for Prabal Gurung and Zadig et Voltaire; and closed for Oscar de la Renta, during NYFW.[66][67][68] During London Fashion Week, she was exclusive at Versace Versus, where she opened the show.[69] In Milan she walked for Albertta Feretti, Fendi, Moschino, and Versace. To close out the F/W 2017 RTW season, in Paris, she walked for Lanvin, Chanel, and opened Off-White. Hadid also starred in Alexandre Vauthier's F/W 2017 look book, in place of a runway show. While in Cannes, France for the 70th Annual Film Festival, she walked for Naomi Campbell's Fashion for Relief and the amfAR Gala's charity walks.[70][71] For the F/W 2017 Haute Coutre week, she walked for Miu Miu Resort, Maison Margiela, Fendi, and opened for Alexandre Vauthier.[72]
Hadid's first cover of the year was for the January issue of W Magazine Korea, a reprint of her W editorial from the US editions "Royals Issue".[73] Her first new cover of the year was for the recently rebranded Teen Vogue, Hadid starred on one of the Volume 1 covers with best friend, Jesse Jo Stark. Her first standard issue vogue cover was for the year was for Vogue China in April, appearing on their cover again in September, and another in June for Vogue Italia.[74][75][76][77] Hadid also appeared on the cover of CR Fashion Book, Grazia Italia, Sunday Times Style, Porter Magazine; ELLE US, Russia, and France; InStyle, 032c, and was one of the covers for the first issue of Super ELLE China.[78] In 2017, she also had editorials in Vogue Paris, LOVE Magazine, V Magazine, and Dazed Magazine.[79]
Hadid and her sister, Gigi, started off the S/S campaign season together - starring alongside one another in both that seasons Fendi and Moschino campaigns.[80] Along with shooting a campaign with her sister, Hadid also shot a campaign for Zadig & Voltaire with her younger brother, Anwar. Hadid also starred solo in the DKNY, TAG Heuer, and Boghossian Jewels Les Merveilles S/S 2017 campaigns.[81][82][83] Hadid also starred in both Ochirly's Spring and Summer campaigns and in the ZaynxVersus capsule collection campaign. She starred in her first beauty campaign in S/S 2017 for Dior Makeup's "Pump N' Volume" mascara.[84] After being declared one of their Nike: NY Made ambassadors in 2016, Hadid starred in her first campaign with Nike for their OG Cortez sneaker.[85] As ambassador of the brand's accessorie's line, Hadid starred as the face of Bulari's Goldea Roman Night fragrence and F/W 2017 Serpiniti collection campaign.[86][87] Hadid starred in a second accessories campaign for Max Mara.[88] Also in the F/W 2017 season, Hadid starred alongside Miles McMillan in Giuseppe Zanotti, Justin Grossman in NARS Cosmetics, and Kendall Jenner in Ochirly's Fall campaign.[89][90]
As ambassador of Dior Beauty, Hadid also starred in a series of videos entitled "Dior Makeup with Bella Hadid" throughout the year; these videos had begun in December 2016. On February 8, Hadid was announced the new ambassador for Bulgari's accessory lines and, on February 13, she was announced the new face and ambassador of TAG Heuer.[91][92]
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MARTIN, ANNIE. "Yolanda Foster reflects on daughter Bella's DUI arrest." UPI NewsTrack December 12, 2014. NewsBank. Web. March 12, 2016.
Soraya Nadia McDonald (September 11, 2015). "Kylie Jenner and Bella Hadid are 18. Their boyfriends are 25. Why do their relationships elicit such different reactions?". Washington Post. Archived from the original on September 29, 2015. Retrieved October 17, 2015.
Sarah Lindig. "Bella Hadid Spends Her Birthday Weekend With The Weeknd". ELLE. Archived from the original on October 13, 2015. Retrieved October 17, 2015.
Sisavat, Monica. "The Weeknd and Bella Hadid Made Their Red Carpet Debut at the Grammys". POPSUGAR Celebrity. Archived from the original on May 30, 2016. Retrieved June 6, 2016.
Harrison, Lily (November 10, 2016). "Bella Hadid and The Weeknd Break Up". E! Online. Archived from the original on November 11, 2016. Retrieved November 11, 2016.
"Celebrity Participants | Jeans for Refugees". jeansforrefugees.com. Archived from the original on March 26, 2017. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
"Bella Hadid on DKNY and Protesting in New York City". ELLE. February 6, 2017. Archived from the original on March 26, 2017. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
"I am proud to be a Muslim". ELLE. April 4, 2017. Archived from the original on April 4, 2017. Retrieved April 4, 2017.
Young, Sarah J. (April 4, 2017). "Bella Hadid: "I am proud to be a Muslim"". The Independent. Archived from the original on April 4, 2017. Retrieved April 4, 2017.
"Bella Hadid on Being Muslim and Trump's Travel Ban". TeenVogue. April 4, 2017. Archived from the original on April 4, 2017. Retrieved April 4, 2017.
M6, 1,4/50, Filter blue
Film: Tri-X
Developer: divided D76
(Solution B: Natriummetaborat)
Agfa MCP 312 (18x24)
Gradation: 2
So, my C41 chemicals were exhausted, haha.
Mamiya C330
Seiko 80mm f/2.8
Kodak Ektar 100
Jobo C41 Press Kit
Kodak T-Max 100asa, developer T-Max 1+4 20º.
Leica-M6 TTL 0.72. Elmarit-M 1:2.8/21mm ASPH.
Nikon Super Coolscan 5000 ED
"Photoshop CS 4.
Vallen, liggen, opstaan en weer doorgaan.
Falling, to lie down, getting up and continuing.
Cardiovascular medical devices, Medtronic.
Thank you everyone for your visit, favorites and comments.
🔴Leica my point of view.
Wetzlar, Deutschland.
Leica-CL 1974 Rangefinder,Serial Number 1395533
Leica-M 6 TTL 0.72 1998 Rangefinder Serial Number 2466527
Leica-M6 TTL 0.85 2001 Rangefinder Serial Number 2755204
Experimenting further to see what I can use for developer when using an inkjet printer with developer on photo paper. This will also finally to print a photo on photo paper without a dark room.
Here I brush on Foma 312 paper the retro320 developer. It gives enough time to make some creative decisions. Toning with Ferro Blend (red) and FAC plus Kferro (Blue)
Hasselblad Planar 80mm, SFX (715) eco film developer
a somewhat different use of lith, soft and warm and fine grained
I call this treatment "hidden lith"
moderately overexposed Fomatone 132with hard grade (magenta) filter
two tray
Easy Lith 1+10 8 mins (until the shades are clearly visable, without considerable density of midtones and lights)
Catechol 1+100 3 mins for full tonal range and warm hue
This group of Sanderling seem to be symbolic of the battle against the relentless drive of the developers. So much of the Algarve has been destroyed under the turf of golf courses and the concrete of hotels. It is a unique area for wildlife which is rapidly being lost. AROCHA are working hard to protect these vital habitats against massive pressures.
Help - is this developer re-usable?
The instructions say you make a litre of stock.
This stock is then diluted in 3 parts water to develop film.
But the part i don't understand is the instructions say the litre of stock can develop no more than 3 films.
Does this mean I can re-use the stock three times?
I'm really lost on this one.
Developers at the facebook f8 hackathon. Bart and I were going to write an app, but we were a bit tired and decided to hang out with the Red Bull peeps.
•TEPIC
992 hectares (2450 acres) on new hwy with distant ocean views. Ready for development. 4-5 km to beach. Only 65,000 pesos (appros $7150 U.S.)per hectare.(2.47 acres in a hectare)
FIU Hollo School Developers Luncheon
Miami, Florida | November 18, 2016
Tibor and Sheila Hollo School of Real Estate: business.fiu.edu/academic-departments/real-estate/
Master of Science in International Real Estate: msire.fiu.edu/
To learn more about the Hollo School Developers Luncheon please visit: biznews.fiu.edu/2016/11/visionary-real-estate-project-tak...
Not a very exciting shot. I took this shot for possible inclusion on my company's revamped website. There's a little hand blur on this one. I also took a similar one from a very slightly different angle which has no blur, but I preferred this angle so sod the blur as it's only going to be scaled small.
Commissioned by Gilded Age banker and developer, Ogden Goelet, as his family's summer residence, Ochre Court (1888-1892) is the first of a group of spectacular houses in the Grand Manner designed by Richard Morris Hunt, America's foremost architect of the late nineteenth century. The mansion was gifted, in 1947, by Ogden's son, Robert, to the Religious Sisters of Mercy who established Salve Regina College.
For this limestone palace overlooking the reddish seacliffs that give the estate its name, Hunt drew his inspiration from the late medieval period in French architecture. With its high roofs, turrets, whimsical gargoyles, and tall chimneys, Ochre Court recalls the style of Francois I, a transitional era when established medieval elements like the pointed Gothic arch and heavy stained glass were lightened by newly-emerging Renaissance details including rounded arches and delicate lacy ornamentation. The Atlantic Ocean is ever-present, framed by windows and terrace entrances, reflected in mirrored walls, and repeated in symbolic motifs. Hunt emphasized the social position of the Goelet family and their patronage of learning and the arts with exuberant decoration both within the house and on the grounds. In classical ceiling paintings, royal heraldic devices, carved emblems and statues, and a rainbow of antique stained glass, the architect signaled his client's aristocratic status and intellectual interests. Inside the mansion, Hunt used details from French Gothic chateaux and churches to create a Great Hall, which soars upward for three stories and dramatically frames a seaward vista. Radiating off the Great Hall, both the impressive ground floor reception rooms and the private upstairs family rooms, which are now University offices, were richly designed with imported antique fireplaces and lavish wallcoverings. The formal gardens and walkways of Ochre Court, designed by the Olmsted Brothers, are shaded by several mature specimen trees including the dramatic Copper Beech (Fagus sylvatica atropunicea), a European variety that reaches a height of 80- 90 feet. The exquisite blossoms of the Kousa Dogwood (Cornus kousa) transform the grounds in June. The dense flower heads this Far Eastern native are surrounded by creamy-white bracts.
The Goelets were an established American dynasty that had grown from humble eighteenth century trade. Ogden Goelet was one of the most famous competitive yachtsmen in the world. His wife, Mary Wilson Goelet, was one of the most important hostesses of her generation in a time when the operation of Ochre Court during a typical eight-week summer season required twenty-seven house servants, eight coachmen and grooms, and twelve gardeners. Their daughter, May, married the English Duke of Roxburghe, taking with her an $8 million dowry, while their son Robert became a major force in the development of American railroads, hotels, and real estate.
It was Robert's gift of Ochre Court to the Religious Sisters of Mercy in 1947 that established the then Salve Regina College in Newport. The stately fify-room mansion was the entire college for the first few years, with the original fifty-eight female students living on the third floor. The original fifty-eight women students lived on the third floor, attended classes on the second, studied, prayed, and dined on the first, and snacked and purchased books in the basement. The eight Sisters of Mercy who made up that post-war faculty established their own modest living area in the servants' quarters. Salve Regina University has since grown to encompass over 60 acres and more than two dozen buildings, yet Ochre Court remains its heart.
Developers of winning apps pose during an App Quest 3.0. event sponsored by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, AT&T, Transit Wireless, and New York University’s Center for Urban Science and Progress (CUSP), to announce winners in their global competition to solicit development of new mobile solutions designed to help improve commutes for millions of subway, bus and rail riders across the five boroughs. Photo: Metropolitan Transportation Authority / Patrick Cashin
Mercedes SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive
With the new Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive, Mercedes-AMG is entering a new era: the locally emission-free super sports car featuring advanced technology from the world of Formula 1 is the most exclusive and dynamic way in which to drive an electric car. The most powerful AMG high-performance vehicle of all time has four electric motors producing a total output of 552 kW and a maximum torque of 1000 Nm. As a result, the gullwing model has become the world's fastest electrically-powered series production vehicle: the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive accelerates from zero to 100 km/h in 3.9 seconds.
A new dimension of driving performance - a convincing synonym for the AMG brand promise are the outstanding driving dynamics which come courtesy of AMG Torque Dynamics as well as torque distribution to individual wheels, which is made possible by means of wheel-selective all-wheel drive. The most "electrifying" gullwing model ever has been developed in-house by Mercedes-AMG GmbH. The high-voltage battery for the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is the result of cooperation between Mercedes-AMG and Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains in Brixworth (GB). This is an area in which the British Formula 1 experts were able to contribute their extensive know-how with KERS hybrid concepts.
"The SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is setting new standards for cars with electric drives. As the most powerful gullwing model ever, it is also representative of the enduring innovational strength of Mercedes-AMG. Our vision of the most dynamic electric vehicle has become a reality. With the help of our colleagues at Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains in Brixworth, we are bringing exciting advanced technology from the world of Formula 1 to the road", according to Ola Källenius, Chairman of the Board of Management of Mercedes-AMG GmbH.
Mercedes SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive (2014)
2014 Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupe Electric Drive
Pioneering, visionary, electrifying: the powerful and locally emission-free super sports car with electric drive also embodies the development competence of Mercedes-AMG GmbH. With this innovative and unique drive solution, AMG - as the performance brand of Mercedes-Benz - is demonstrating its technological leadership in this segment. The Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is aimed at technology-minded super sports car fans who are open to new ideas and enthusiastic about ambitious high-tech solutions for the future of motoring.
Enormous thrust thanks to 1000 Nm of torque
The pioneering drive package in the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is impressive and guarantees a completely innovative and electrifying driving experience: enormous thrust comes courtesy of four synchronous electric motors providing a combined maximum output of 552 kW and maximum torque of 1000 Nm. The very special gullwing model accelerates from zero to 100 km/h in 3.9 seconds, and can reach a top speed of 250 km/h (electronically limited). The agile response to accelerator pedal input and the linear power output provide pure excitement: unlike with a combustion engine, the build-up of torque is instantaneous with electric motors - maximum torque is effectively available from a standstill. The spontaneous build-up of torque and the forceful power delivery without any interruption of tractive power are combined with completely vibration-free engine running characteristics.
The four compact permanent-magnet synchronous electric motors, each weighing 45 kg, achieve a maximum individual speed of 13,000 rpm and in each case drive the 4 wheels selectively via a axially-arranged transmission design. This enables the unique distribution of torque to individual wheels, which would normally only be possible with wheel hub motors which have the disadvantage of generating considerable unsprung masses.
Powerful, voluminous, dynamic, emotional and authentic: the characteristic sound of the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive embodies the sound of the 21st century. After an elaborate series of tests as well as numerous test drives, the AMG experts have created a sound which captures the exceptional dynamism of this unique super sports car with electric drive. Starting with a characteristic start-up sound, which rings out on pressing the "Power" button on the AMG DRIVE UNIT, the occupants can experience a tailor-made driving sound for each driving situation: incredibly dynamic when accelerating, subdued when cruising and as equally characteristic during recuperation. The sound is not only dependent on road speed, engine speed and load conditions, but also reflects the driving situation and the vehicle's operating state with a suitable driving noise. Perfect feedback for the driver is guaranteed thanks to a combination of the composed sound, the use of the vehicle's existing inherent noises and the elimination of background noise - this is referred to by the experts as "sound cleaning". The impressive sound comes courtesy of the standard sound system with eleven loudspeakers.
Advanced Formula 1 technology: high-voltage lithium-ion battery
Battery efficiency, performance and weight: in all three areas Mercedes-AMG is setting new standards. The high-voltage battery in the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive boasts an energy content of 60 kWh, an electric load potential of 600 kW and weighs 548 kg - all of which are absolute best values in the automotive sector. The liquid-cooled lithium-ion high-voltage battery features a modular design and a maximum voltage of 400 V.
Advanced technology and know-how from the world of Formula 1 have been called on during both the development and production stages: the battery is the first result of the cooperation between Mercedes-AMG GmbH in Affalterbach and Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains Ltd. Headquartered in Brixworth in England, the company has been working closely with Mercedes-AMG for a number of years. F1 engine experts have benefited from its extensive expertise with the KERS hybrid concept, which made its debut in the 2009 Formula 1 season. At the Hungarian Grand Prix in 2009, Lewis Hamilton achieved the first historic victory for a Formula 1 vehicle featuring KERS hybrid technology in the form of the Mercedes-Benz KER System. Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains supplies the Formula 1 teams MERCEDES AMG PETRONAS, Vodafone McLaren Mercedes and Sahara Force India with Mercedes V8 engines and the KERS.
The high-voltage battery consists of 12 modules each comprising 72 lithium-ion cells. This optimised arrangement of a total of 864 cells has benefits not only in terms of best use of the installation space, but also in terms of performance. One technical feature is the intelligent parallel circuit of the individual battery modules - this helps to maximise the safety, reliability and service life of the battery. As in Formula 1, the battery is charged by means of targeted recuperation during deceleration whilst the car is being driven.
High-performance control as well as effective cooling of all components
A high-performance electronic control system converts the direct current from the high-voltage battery into the three-phase alternating current which is required for the synchronous motors and regulates the energy flow for all operating conditions. Two low-temperature cooling circuits ensure that the four electric motors and the power electronics are maintained at an even operating temperature. A separate low-temperature circuit is responsible for cooling the high-voltage lithium-ion battery. In low external temperatures, the battery is quickly brought up to optimum operating temperature with the aid of an electric heating element. In extremely high external temperatures, the cooling circuit for the battery can be additionally boosted with the aid of the air conditioning. This also helps to preserve the overall service life of the battery system.
Quick charge function via special wall box
Ideally the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is charged with the aid of a so-called wall box. Installed in a home garage, this technology provides a 22 kW quick-charge function, which is the same as the charging performance available at a public charging station. A high-voltage power cable is used to connect the vehicle to the wall box, and enables charging to take place in around three hours. Without the wall box, charging takes around 20 hours. The wall box is provided as an optional extra from Mercedes-AMG in cooperation with SPX and KEBA, two suppliers of innovative electric charging infrastructures for the automotive industry.
Eight-stage design for maximum safety
To ensure maximum safety, the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive makes use of an eight-stage safety design. This comprises the following features:
•all high-voltage cables are colour-coded in orange to prevent confusion
•comprehensive contact protection for the entire high-voltage system
•the lithium-ion battery is liquid-cooled and accommodated in a high-strength aluminium housing within the carbon-fibre zero-intrusion cell
•conductive separation of the high-voltage and low-voltage networks within the vehicle and integration of an interlock switch
•active and passive discharging of the high-voltage system when the ignition is switched to "off"
•in the event of an accident, the high-voltage system is switched off within fractions of a second
•continuous monitoring of the high-voltage system for short circuits with potential compensation and insulation monitors
•redundant monitoring function for the all-wheel drive system with torque control for individual wheels, via several control units using a variety of software
By using this design, Mercedes-AMG ensures maximum safety during production of the vehicle and also during maintenance and repair work. Of course the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive also meets all of the statutory and internal Mercedes crash test requirements.
All-wheel drive with AMG Torque Dynamics enables new levels of freedom
Four motors, four wheels - the intelligent and permanent all-wheel drive of the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive guarantees driving dynamics at the highest level, while at the same time providing the best possible active safety. Optimum traction of the four driven wheels is therefore ensured, whatever the weather conditions. According to the developers, the term "Torque Dynamics" refers to individual control of the electric motors, something which enables completely new levels of freedom to be achieved. The AMG Torque Dynamics feature is permanently active and allows for selective distribution of forces for each individual wheel. The intelligent distribution of drive torque greatly benefits driving dynamics, handling, driving safety and ride comfort. Each individual wheel can be both electrically driven and electrically braked, depending on the driving conditions, thus helping to
•optimise the vehicle's cornering properties,
•reduce the tendency to oversteer/understeer,
•increase the yaw damping of the basic vehicle,
•reduce the steering effort and steering angle required,
•increase traction,
•and minimise ESP® and ASR intervention.
The AMG Torque Dynamics feature boasts a great deal of variability and individuality by offering three different transmission modes:
•Comfort (C): comfortable, forgiving driving characteristics
•Sport (S): sporty, balanced driving characteristics
•Sport plus (S+): sporty, agile driving characteristics
AMG Torque Dynamics enables optimum use of the adhesion potential between the tyres and the road surface in all driving conditions. The technology allows maximum levels of freedom and as such optimum use of the critical limits of the vehicle's driving dynamics. Outstanding handling safety is always assured thanks to the two-stage Electronic Stability Program ESP®.
"AMG Lightweight Performance" design strategy
The trailblazing body shell structure of the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is part of the ambitious "AMG Lightweight Performance" design strategy. The battery is located within a carbon-fibre monocoque which forms an integral part of the gullwing model and acts as its "spine". The monocoque housing is firmly bolted and bonded to the aluminium spaceframe body. The fibre composite materials have their roots in the world of Formula 1, among other areas. The advantages of CFRP (carbon-fibre reinforced plastic) were exploited by the Mercedes-AMG engineers in the design of the monocoque. These include their high strength, which makes it possible to create extremely rigid structures in terms of torsion and bending, excellent crash performance and low weight. Carbon-fibre components are up to 50 percent lighter than comparable steel ones, yet retain the same level of stability. Compared with aluminium, the weight saving is still around 30 percent, while the material is considerably thinner. The weight advantages achieved through the carbon-fibre battery monocoque are reflected in the agility of the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive and, in conjunction with the wheel-selective four-wheel drive system, ensure true driving enjoyment. The carbon-fibre battery monocoque is, in addition, conceived as a "zero intrusion cell" in order to meet the very highest expectations in terms of crash safety. It protects the battery modules inside the vehicle from deformation or damage in the event of a crash.
The basis for CFRP construction is provided by fine carbon fibres, ten times thinner than a human hair. A length of this innovative fibre reaching from here to the moon would weigh a mere 25 grams. Between 1000 and 24,000 of these fibres are used to form individual strands. Machines then weave and sew them into fibre mats several layers thick, which can be moulded into three-dimensional shapes. When injected with liquid synthetic resin, this hardens to give the desired structure its final shape and stability.
Optimum weight distribution and low centre of gravity
The purely electric drive system was factored into the equation as early as the concept phase when the super sports car was being developed. It is ideally packaged for the integration of the high-performance, zero-emission technology: by way of example, the four electric motors and the two transmissions can be positioned as close to the four wheels as possible and very low down in the vehicle. The same applies to the modular high-voltage battery. Advantages of this solution include the vehicle's low centre of gravity and balanced weight distribution - ideal conditions for optimum handling, which the electrically-powered gullwing model shares with its petrol-driven sister model.
New front axle design with pushrod damper struts
The additional front-wheel drive called for a newly designed front axle: unlike the series production vehicle with AMG V8 engine, which has a double wishbone axle, the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive features an independent multi-link suspension with pushrod damper struts. This is because the vertically-arranged damper struts had to make way for the additional drive shafts. As is usual in a wide variety of racing vehicles, horizontal damper struts are now used, which are operated via separate push rods and transfer levers. Thanks to this sophisticated front-axle design, which has already been tried and tested in the world of motorsport, the agility and driving dynamics of the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive attain the same high levels as the V8 variant. Another distinguishing feature is the speed-sensitive power steering with rack-and-pinion steering gear: the power assistance is implemented electrohydraulically rather than just hydraulically.
AMG ceramic composite brakes for perfect deceleration
The SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is slowed with the aid of AMG high-performance ceramic composite brakes, which boast direct brake response, a precise actuation point and outstanding fade resistance, even in extreme operating conditions. The over-sized discs - measuring 402 x 39 mm at the front and 360 x 32 mm at the rear - are made of carbon fibre-strengthened ceramic, feature an integral design all round and are connected to an aluminium bowl in a radially floating arrangement.
The ceramic brake discs are 40 percent lighter in weight than the conventional, grey cast iron brake discs. The reduction in unsprung masses not only improves handling dynamics and agility, but also ride comfort and tyre grip. The lower rotating masses at the front axle also ensure a more direct steering response - which is particularly noticeable when taking motorway bends at high speed.
Exclusive, high-quality design and appointments
Visually, the multi-award-winning design of the SLS AMG is combined with a number of specific features which are exclusive to the Electric Drive variant. The front apron has a striking carbon-look CFRP front splitter which generates downforce on the front axle. The radiator grille and adjacent air intakes adorn special areas painted in the vehicle colour and with bionic honeycomb-shaped openings. They are not only a visual highlight but, thanks to their aerodynamically optimised design, also improve air flow over the cooling modules mounted behind them. Darkened headlamps also impart a sense of independence to the front section. Viewed from the side, the "Electric Drive" lettering stands out on the vehicle side, as do the AMG 5-twin-spoke light-alloy wheels with their specific paint design. The SLS AMG Electric Drive comes as standard with 265/35 R 19 tyres on the front and 295/30 R 20 tyres on the rear. The overall look is rounded off to dynamic effect by the new diffuser-look rear apron, and the darkened rear lamps. One feature reserved exclusively for the SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive is the "AMG electricbeam magno" matt paint finish. A choice of five other colours is available at no extra cost.
When the exterior colour AMG electricbeam magno is chosen, the high-quality, sporty interior makes use of this body colour for the contrasting stitching - the stitching co-ordinates perfectly with designo black Exclusive leather appointments. AMG sports seats and numerous carbon-fibre trim elements in the interior underscore the exclusive and dynamic character of what is currently the fastest electric car. Behind the new AMG Performance steering wheel there is a newly designed AMG instrument cluster: instead of a rev counter, there is a power display providing information on the power requirements, recuperation status, transmission modes and battery charge.
AMG Performance Media as standard
The AMG DRIVE UNIT comprises the electronic rotary switch for selecting the three transmission modes of "C" (Controlled Efficiency), "S" (Sport) and "S+" (Sport plus), which the driver can use to specify different performance levels from the electric motors, which in turn also changes the top speed and accelerator pedal response. Behind the buttons for "power" and "ESP On/Off", there are also buttons for AMG Torque Dynamics and AMG Setup.
In addition to carbon-fibre exterior mirrors, AMG carbon-fibre engine compartment cover, COMAND APS, Media Interface, Blind Spot Assist and reversing camera, the standard equipment also includes the AMG Performance Media system. Besides full high-speed mobile internet access, the system provides information on engine performance, lateral and longitudinal acceleration, tyre pressure, vehicle setup and lap times, as well displaying a variety of additional information such as:
•vehicle energy flow
•battery charge status
•burrent range
•AMG Torque Dynamics
•temperatures of the battery and motors
•energy consumption kWh/100 km
The Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Coupé Electric Drive will be celebrating its market launch in 2013. The price in Germany (incl. 19% VAT) will be 416,500 EUR.
I will probably not like it in the morning.
Its the morning and I don't mind it but it looked better when all the lights were off..
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