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Esztergom was the capital of Hungary from the 10th till the mid-13th century when King Béla IV of Hungary moved the royal seat to Buda. During the same period, the castle of Esztergom was built on the site of ancient Roman castrum. It served not only as the royal residence until the 1241 (the Mongol invasion), but also as the center of the Hungarian state, religion, and Esztergom county.
After changing his residence to Budapest, Béla IV gave the palace and castle to the archbishop. Following these events, the castle was built and decorated by the bishops. The center of the king’s town, which was surrounded by walls, was still under royal authority. A number of different monasteries did return or settle in the religious center.
Meanwhile, the citizenry had been fighting to maintain and reclaim the rights of towns against the expansion of the church within the royal town. In the chaotic years after the fall of the House of Árpád, Esztergom suffered another calamity: in 1304, the forces of Wenceslaus II, the Czech king occupied and raided the castle. In the years to come, the castle was owned by several individuals: Róbert Károly and then Louis the Great patronized the town.
The Ottoman conquest of Mohács in 1526 brought a decline to the previously flourishing Esztergom as well. In the Battle of Mohács, the archbishop of Esztergom died. In the period between 1526 and 1543, when two rival kings reigned in Hungary, Esztergom was besieged six times. At times it was the forces of Ferdinand I or John Zápolya, at other times the Ottomans attacked. Finally, in 1530, Ferdinand I occupied the castle. He put foreign mercenaries in the castle, and sent the chapter and the bishopric to Nagyszombat and Pozsony.
However, in 1543 Sultan Suleiman I attacked the castle and took it. Esztergom became the centre of an Ottoman sanjak controlling several counties, and also a significant castle on the northwest border of the Ottoman Empire. In the 17th century Esztergom was besieged and conquered several times during the Ottoman-Habsburg Wars. Most of the buildings in the castle and the town that had been built in the Middle Ages were destroyed during this period, and there were only uninhabitable, smothered ruins to welcome the liberators.
In 1761 the bishopric regained control over the castle, where they started the preliminary processes of the reconstruction of the new religious center: the middle of the Várhegy (Castle Hill), the remains of Saint Stephen and Saint Adalbert churches were carried away to provide room for the new cathedral.
Cotlliure / Collioure
La vila de Cotlliure té l'origen en castrum Caucoliberi que vol dir el port d'Illíberis, i era una ciutat del segle VI aC, que servia de port d'Illiberis (Elna), com indica el seu nom, que fou transcrit per primera vegada per Julià de Toledo el 673 i després pel geògraf de Ravenna com a Caucholiberi.
ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotlliure
La villa de Collioure tiene su origen en castrum Caucoliberi que quiere decir el puerto de Illiberis, y era una ciudad del siglo VI aC, que servía de puerto de Illiberis (Elna), como indica su nombre, que fue transcrito por primera vez por Julián de Toledo el 673 y después por el geógrafo de Ravenna como Caucholiberi.
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La ville de Collioure a ses origines dans castrum Caucoliberi signifie que le port de Illibéris, et était une ville de la VIe siècle avant J.-C., qui a servi de port de Illibéris (Elna), comme son nom l'indique, il a été transcrit par Julien de Tolède le premier 673 et puis par le géographe de Ravenne que Caucholiberi.
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La città di Collioure ha le sue origini nel castrum Caucoliberi significa che la porta Illiberis, ed era una città del VI secolo aC, che serviva da porta Illiberis (Elna), come indica il nome, è stato trascritto da Giuliano di Toledo la prima 673 e poi dal geografo di Ravenna Caucholiberi.
ARTEGNA. COLLE DI SAN MARTINO.
Il colle di San Martino sovrastante l’abitato di Artegna risulta insediato in epoca romana; la sua posizione dominante la pianura friulana si prestava ad essere un’antica postazione di vedetta della strada di origine romana diretta al Norico.
Castrum Artenia è uno dei castelli longobardi ricordati da Paolo Diacono nella Historia Langobardorum, che alcuni studiosi localizzano in cima al colle nell’area ora occupata dalla chiesetta di San Martino. Esso è ciò che resta di un complesso difensivo molto più vasto che occupava tutta la sommità del colle e di cui rimangono ancora tracce nella parte alta.
CANON EOS 600D con ob. SIGMA 10-20 f./4-5,6 EX DC HSM
In età imperiale e bizantina la penisola di Punta Crena viene fortificata e diventa importante sede di un Castrum (distrutto dal re longobardo Rotari nel 641). 'Sentiero Balcone' da Varigotti (fraz. di Finale Ligure) al Faro di Noli (SV), lungo il Sentiero del Pellegrino. Liguria, Italia.
Vindolanda was a Roman auxiliary fort (castrum) just south of Hadrian's Wall in northern England, which it pre-dated. Archaeological excavations of the site show it was under Roman occupation from roughly 85 AD to 370 AD. Located near the modern village of Bardon Mill in Northumberland, it guarded the Stanegate, the Roman road from the River Tyne to the Solway Firth. It is noted for the Vindolanda tablets, a set of wooden leaf-tablets that were, at the time of their discovery, the oldest surviving handwritten documents in Britain.
The site is a "Scheduled Monument".
Chester was founded in 79 AD as a "castrum" or Roman fort with the name Deva Victrix during the reign of Emperor Vespasian. One of the main army camps in Roman Britain, Deva later became a major civilian settlement. In 689, King Æthelred of Mercia founded the Minster Church of West Mercia, which later became Chester's first cathedral, and the Angles extended and strengthened the walls to protect the city against the Danes. Chester was one of the last cities in England to fall to the Normans, and William the Conqueror ordered the construction of a castle to dominate the town and the nearby Welsh border. Chester was granted city status in 1541.
The city walls of Chester are some of the best-preserved in the country and have Grade I listed status. It has a number of medieval buildings, but many of the black-and-white buildings within the city centre are Victorian restorations, originating from the Black-and-white Revival movement. Apart from a 100-metre (330 ft) section, the walls are almost complete. The Industrial Revolution brought railways, canals, and new roads to the city, which saw substantial expansion and development; Chester Town Hall and the Grosvenor Museum are examples of Victorian architecture from this period. Tourism, the retail industry, public administration, and financial services are important to the modern economy. Chester signs itself as Chester International Heritage City on road signs on the main roads entering the city.
PP work in Luminar Neo filters.
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Maastricht é uma cidade no sudeste da Holanda, sendo também a capital e a maior cidade da província de Limburg. A cidade está localizada bem junto à fronteira com a Bélgica, outro país que merece bem uma visita. Maastricht evoluiu de um assentamento romano, para um importante centro religioso medieval. No século XVI, tornou-se numa cidade-guarnição e no século XIX uma das primeiras cidades industriais do país. Hoje, a cidade é um próspero e elegante centro cultural da região. Tornou-se ainda mais conhecido através do Tratado de Maastricht bem como sendo o berço do euro. Maastricht tem 1.677 edifícios classificados com património nacional, o segundo maior número na Holanda depois de Amsterdão. A cidade é visitada por turistas para compras e lazer e possui uma grande população estudantil internacional.
Vestígios de Neandertal foram encontrados a oeste de Maastricht e, mais tarde, são os vestígios do Paleolítico, com idades compreendidas entre 8.000 e 25.000 anos que a tornam numa cidade importante para a arqueologia. Os celtas viveram aqui por volta de 500 aC, num local onde o rio Meuse era raso e, portanto, fácil de cruzar. Não se sabe a altura exata em que os romanos chegaram a Maastricht, ou se o assentamento foi fundado por eles. Sabe-se que estes construíram uma ponte sobre o Mosa no século I DC, durante o reinado de César Augusto. A ponte era um importante elo na estrada principal entre Bavay e Colónia.
Segundo a lenda, o santo Servatius, nascido na Arménia, bispo de Tongeren, morreu nesta cidade no longínquo ano de 384, onde foi enterrado na estrada romana, fora do castrum. De acordo com Gregório de Tours, o bispo Monulph terá construído por volta de 570 a primeira igreja de pedra sobre o túmulo de Servatius, a atual Basílica de São Servatius na fotografia que aqui apresento. A cidade permaneceu uma diocese cristã inicial até que perdeu essa importante distinção para a vizinha Liège nos séculos VIII ou IX. No início da Idade Média, Maastricht fazia parte do coração do então poderoso Império Carolíngio juntamente com Aachen - outra cidade magnífica a onde se encontra sepultado Carlos Magno e que tivemos o privilégio de visitar. A cidade foi um importante centro de comércio e manufatura. Moedas merovíngios cunhadas em Maastricht foram encontradas por toda a Europa. Em 881, a cidade foi saqueada pelos vikings. No século X, tornou-se por um curto período a capital do ducado da Baixa Lorena.
Durante o século XII, a cidade floresceu culturalmente. Os reitores da igreja de São Servatius ocuparam posições importantes no Sacro Império Romano durante este período. As duas igrejas colegiadas foram amplamente reconstruídas e redecoradas. A escultura em pedra românica de Maastricht e a sua ourivesaria são consideradas destaques da arte Mosan. Os pintores de Maastricht foram elogiados por Wolfram von Eschenbach no seu famoso Parsifal. Na mesma época, o poeta Henric van Veldeke escreveu uma lenda de São Servatius, uma das primeiras obras da literatura holandesa.
As duas igrejas principais adquiriram uma riqueza impressionante de relíquias e a peregrinação septenária de Maastricht tornou-se um dos grandes eventos da época e que chegou até aos nossos dias. A Peregrinação das Relíquias ou Peregrinação Septenial de Maastricht é um evento religioso que decorre de sete em sete anos por toda a cidade. Originário da Idade Média, desenvolveu-se a partir de uma peregrinação ao túmulo de São Servatius. Os destaques do programa são a exibição ou revelação das relíquias nas principais igrejas e as procissões com as mais importantes relíquias da vila. A próxima peregrinação será em 2025.
Ao longo de grande parte da Idade Média, a cidade permaneceu um centro de comércio e manufatura, principalmente de lã e couro, no entanto, o seu declínio económico foi surgindo gradualmente. Depois de um breve período de prosperidade, por volta de 1500, a economia da cidade sofreu duramente com as guerras religiosas e a sua recuperação económica só viria a acontecer na revolução industrial no início do século XIX.
Por causa de sua localização excêntrica no sudeste da Holanda e a proximidade geográfica e cultural com a Bélgica e a Alemanha, a integração de Maastricht e Limburg na Holanda não aconteceu de forma fácil, tantos eram os países interessados em disputá-la. Por tal motivo, Maastricht manteve uma aparência distintamente não holandesa durante grande parte do século XIX.
Como o resto da Holanda, Maastricht permaneceu neutra durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial. No entanto, estando espremida entre a Alemanha e a Bélgica, recebeu um grande número de refugiados, colocando uma pressão sobre os recursos da cidade. No início da Segunda Guerra Mundial, a cidade foi tomada pelos alemães de surpresa durante a Batalha de Maastricht em maio de 1940. Em 13 e 14 de setembro de 1944, foi a primeira cidade holandesa a ser libertada pelas forças aliadas da Divisão de Old Hickory dos Estados Unidos. As três pontes Meuse foram destruídas ou severamente danificadas durante a guerra. Como em outros lugares da Holanda, a maioria dos judeus de Maastricht morreu em campos de concentração nazis.
Nos últimos anos, Maastricht lançou várias campanhas contra o tráfico de drogas numa tentativa de impedir que compradores estrangeiros tirassem proveito da legislação liberal holandesa e causassem problemas no centro da cidade. Desde a década de 1990, grande parte da cidade foi reformada, incluindo as áreas ao redor da principal estação ferroviária e ao longo do bonito Rio Meuse e dos centros comerciais entre Deux e o Mosae Forum, bem como algumas das principais ruas comerciais. Um bairro muito prestigiado projetado por arquitetos internacionais incluindo o novo Museu Bonnefanten, uma biblioteca pública e um teatro, foi construído no terreno da antiga fábrica da Société Céramique, perto do centro da cidade. Estão em construção outros projetos de grande envergadura, como a requalificação da zona envolvente da autoestrada A2, o Bairro da Esfinge e a zona de Belvédère.
Em 1983, durante uma extensa restauração da igreja, o seu famoso carrilhão foi transferido para a torre norte do edifício oeste e adicionado ao extenso carrilhão de 59 sinos que agora está suspenso. Um dos mais conhecidos executantes de carrilhão da Basílica de São Servatius foi Benoit Franssen. Nos meses de verão, há concertos especiais organizados pela Fundação Carillons Maastricht aos quais podemos assistir no jardim pandhof. Às vezes, também se realizam concertos em certas ocasiões religiosas.
Assim é esta cidade que não ficou parada no tempo nem deixa de nos surpreender por a sua dinâmica, crescimento e modernização, sem afetar as suas raízes e as origens que fazem dela uma cidade a não perder numa visita a este magnifico país que é a Holanda.
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Au XIVème siècle, lors de la guerre de Cent ans, la coseigneurie d’Allègre est victime de l’attaque « des rustres et des manants » qui investissent le castrum en 1383 : c’est la Révolte des Tuchins. Les seigneurs lui préférèrent ensuite des demeures plus confortables installées dans la plaine. Les paysans utilisèrent alors les lieux jusqu’à l’époque contemporaine, l’occupation d’une tour finit en 1910. De nos jours, le château d’Allègre témoigne de dix siècles d’histoire. »
Die Stadt wurde 902 zum ersten Mal unter dem Namen Castrum Babenberch erwähnt. Die Gründung des Bistums erfolgte 1007 durch Kaiser Heinrich II. seit 1993 gehört die Altstadt zum UNESCO Weltkulturerbe.
The city was mentioned for the first time 902 under the name of Castrum Babenberch. The foundation of the diocese was done in 1007 by Emperor Henry II. Since 1993 the Old Town, belongs to the UNESCO World Heritage.
Ce complexe monastique, situé hors du castrum, fut fondé par la reine Clotilde au Ve siècle. Nécropole des évêques d'Auxerre, l'abbaye connut son heure de gloire au IXe siècle en abritant la prestigieuse école d'Auxerre qui fut un des centres de la Renaissance carolingienne.
Ce monument résume à lui seul seize siècles de l'histoire d'Auxerre. Bien que composite, il offre un ensemble architectural d'un grand intérêt.
This monastic complex, located outside the castrum, was founded by Queen Clotilde in the 5th century. Necropolis of the bishops of Auxerre, the abbey had its hour of glory in the 9th century when it housed the prestigious school of Auxerre, which was one of the centers of the Carolingian Renaissance.
This monument alone sums up sixteen centuries of the history of Auxerre. Although composite, it offers an architectural ensemble of great interest.
(www.auxerre.fr/Attractive/Patrimoine/L-abbaye-Saint-Germain)
In ancient times, a Roman castrum named Civitas Tropaensium was settled here and in 109 AD a monument named Tropaeum Traiani was built to commemorate the Roman Empire's victories over the Dacians.
Esztergom was the capital of Hungary from the 10th till the mid-13th century when King Béla IV of Hungary moved the royal seat to Buda. During the same period, the castle of Esztergom was built on the site of ancient Roman castrum. It served not only as the royal residence until the 1241 (the Mongol invasion), but also as the center of the Hungarian state, religion, and Esztergom county.
After changing his residence to Budapest, Béla IV gave the palace and castle to the archbishop. Following these events, the castle was built and decorated by the bishops. The center of the king’s town, which was surrounded by walls, was still under royal authority. A number of different monasteries did return or settle in the religious center.
Meanwhile, the citizenry had been fighting to maintain and reclaim the rights of towns against the expansion of the church within the royal town. In the chaotic years after the fall of the House of Árpád, Esztergom suffered another calamity: in 1304, the forces of Wenceslaus II, the Czech king occupied and raided the castle. In the years to come, the castle was owned by several individuals: Róbert Károly and then Louis the Great patronized the town.
The Ottoman conquest of Mohács in 1526 brought a decline to the previously flourishing Esztergom as well. In the Battle of Mohács, the archbishop of Esztergom died. In the period between 1526 and 1543, when two rival kings reigned in Hungary, Esztergom was besieged six times. At times it was the forces of Ferdinand I or John Zápolya, at other times the Ottomans attacked. Finally, in 1530, Ferdinand I occupied the castle. He put foreign mercenaries in the castle, and sent the chapter and the bishopric to Nagyszombat and Pozsony.
However, in 1543 Sultan Suleiman I attacked the castle and took it. Esztergom became the centre of an Ottoman sanjak controlling several counties, and also a significant castle on the northwest border of the Ottoman Empire. In the 17th century Esztergom was besieged and conquered several times during the Ottoman-Habsburg Wars. Most of the buildings in the castle and the town that had been built in the Middle Ages were destroyed during this period, and there were only uninhabitable, smothered ruins to welcome the liberators.
In 1761 the bishopric regained control over the castle, where they started the preliminary processes of the reconstruction of the new religious center: the middle of the Várhegy (Castle Hill), the remains of Saint Stephen and Saint Adalbert churches were carried away to provide room for the new cathedral.
Esztergom was the capital of Hungary from the 10th till the mid-13th century when King Béla IV of Hungary moved the royal seat to Buda. During the same period, the castle of Esztergom was built on the site of ancient Roman castrum. It served not only as the royal residence until the 1241 (the Mongol invasion), but also as the center of the Hungarian state, religion, and Esztergom county.
After changing his residence to Budapest, Béla IV gave the palace and castle to the archbishop. Following these events, the castle was built and decorated by the bishops. The center of the king’s town, which was surrounded by walls, was still under royal authority. A number of different monasteries did return or settle in the religious center.
Meanwhile, the citizenry had been fighting to maintain and reclaim the rights of towns against the expansion of the church within the royal town. In the chaotic years after the fall of the House of Árpád, Esztergom suffered another calamity: in 1304, the forces of Wenceslaus II, the Czech king occupied and raided the castle. In the years to come, the castle was owned by several individuals: Róbert Károly and then Louis the Great patronized the town.
The Ottoman conquest of Mohács in 1526 brought a decline to the previously flourishing Esztergom as well. In the Battle of Mohács, the archbishop of Esztergom died. In the period between 1526 and 1543, when two rival kings reigned in Hungary, Esztergom was besieged six times. At times it was the forces of Ferdinand I or John Zápolya, at other times the Ottomans attacked. Finally, in 1530, Ferdinand I occupied the castle. He put foreign mercenaries in the castle, and sent the chapter and the bishopric to Nagyszombat and Pozsony.
However, in 1543 Sultan Suleiman I attacked the castle and took it. Esztergom became the centre of an Ottoman sanjak controlling several counties, and also a significant castle on the northwest border of the Ottoman Empire. In the 17th century Esztergom was besieged and conquered several times during the Ottoman-Habsburg Wars. Most of the buildings in the castle and the town that had been built in the Middle Ages were destroyed during this period, and there were only uninhabitable, smothered ruins to welcome the liberators.
In 1761 the bishopric regained control over the castle, where they started the preliminary processes of the reconstruction of the new religious center: the middle of the Várhegy (Castle Hill), the remains of Saint Stephen and Saint Adalbert churches were carried away to provide room for the new cathedral.
Esztergom was the capital of Hungary from the 10th till the mid-13th century when King Béla IV of Hungary moved the royal seat to Buda. During the same period, the castle of Esztergom was built on the site of ancient Roman castrum. It served not only as the royal residence until the 1241 (the Mongol invasion), but also as the center of the Hungarian state, religion, and Esztergom county.
After changing his residence to Budapest, Béla IV gave the palace and castle to the archbishop. Following these events, the castle was built and decorated by the bishops. The center of the king’s town, which was surrounded by walls, was still under royal authority. A number of different monasteries did return or settle in the religious center.
Meanwhile, the citizenry had been fighting to maintain and reclaim the rights of towns against the expansion of the church within the royal town. In the chaotic years after the fall of the House of Árpád, Esztergom suffered another calamity: in 1304, the forces of Wenceslaus II, the Czech king occupied and raided the castle. In the years to come, the castle was owned by several individuals: Róbert Károly and then Louis the Great patronized the town.
The Ottoman conquest of Mohács in 1526 brought a decline to the previously flourishing Esztergom as well. In the Battle of Mohács, the archbishop of Esztergom died. In the period between 1526 and 1543, when two rival kings reigned in Hungary, Esztergom was besieged six times. At times it was the forces of Ferdinand I or John Zápolya, at other times the Ottomans attacked. Finally, in 1530, Ferdinand I occupied the castle. He put foreign mercenaries in the castle, and sent the chapter and the bishopric to Nagyszombat and Pozsony.
However, in 1543 Sultan Suleiman I attacked the castle and took it. Esztergom became the centre of an Ottoman sanjak controlling several counties, and also a significant castle on the northwest border of the Ottoman Empire. In the 17th century Esztergom was besieged and conquered several times during the Ottoman-Habsburg Wars. Most of the buildings in the castle and the town that had been built in the Middle Ages were destroyed during this period, and there were only uninhabitable, smothered ruins to welcome the liberators.
In 1761 the bishopric regained control over the castle, where they started the preliminary processes of the reconstruction of the new religious center: the middle of the Várhegy (Castle Hill), the remains of Saint Stephen and Saint Adalbert churches were carried away to provide room for the new cathedral.
L'intérieur de la chapelle castrale du château de Pommiers à Saint-Félix-de-Foncaude en Gironde.
Photo du 20 septembre 2015.
Histoire:
Après avoir été occupé à l'époque gallo-romaine, le puy d'Yssandon est devenu un castrum comme le décrit un document du vie siècle[1]. Ce castrum est pris par les troupes de Pépin le Bref dans sa lutte contre le duc d'Aquitaine Waïfre. Au Moyen Âge, les sires d'Yssandon, vassaux du comte de Limoges, font édifier un château régnant sur la région. Démantelé lors de la guerre de Cent Ans, il n'en reste plus au xve siècle que la tour actuelle.
Les vestiges de la tour sont classés au titre des monuments historiques le 18 juin 1963.
Architecture
Construite sur le rocher, la tour en granite est de forme rectangulaire. Sa base est intacte mais son mur nord a été détruit en grande partie, ne laissant subsister au sommet qu'un vestige où se devine encore un corbeau.
Un grand merci pour vos favoris, commentaires et encouragements toujours très appréciés.
Many thanks for your much appreciated favorites and comments.
Il territorio di Sermoneta fu popolato già in epoca arcaica. Nel suo territorio, nei pressi dell'attuale Abbazia di Valvisciolo si pensa che sorgesse l'antica città volsca Sulmo, citata da Virgilio nell'Eneide.
Si è ipotizzato che l'espansione delle paludi pontine e le invasioni dei Saraceni abbiano spinto gli abitanti dell'antica Sulmo a trasferirsi nell'attuale Sermoneta, che viene citata con questo nome già nell'XI secolo.
Il castrum Sermineti, caduto agli inizi del XIII secolo sotto il dominio della famiglia Annibaldi, divenne possesso della famiglia Caetani: nel 1297 Pietro Caetani, conte di Caserta, l'acquistò grazie ai buoni uffici di papa Bonifacio VIII (Benedetto Caetani). I Caetani fecero di Sermoneta il centro dei loro domini nel Lazio meridionale, per via della fortunata posizione sulla via Pedemontana, arteria che aveva sostituito l'Appia nei collegamenti fra il Nord e il Sud dell'Italia. I sermonetani, per il controllo della strada e in particolare della dogana di passaggio, diedero appoggio ai Caetani nelle lotte contro la città di Ninfa e quindi contro la confinante Sezze. A questo periodo risale l'espansione del nucleo abitato medievale, molto ben conservato, in cui spiccano il Castello Caetani e la collegiata di S. Maria Assunta.
Dal 1499 al 1503 il castrum Sermineti fu sotto il dominio di papa Alessandro VI il quale, dopo averlo confiscato ai Caetani, lo concesse alla figlia Lucrezia Borgia, poi al figlio di lei Rodrigo d'Aragona, che per primo portò il titolo di duca di Sermoneta. Si deve a papa Alessandro VI l'ampia ristrutturazione del Castello Caetani, che assunse l'aspetto ancor oggi visibile; sotto il governo di Lucrezia Borgia fu redatto e emanazione, nel 1501, un nuovo Statuto comunale, che di fatto non entrò mai in vigore per il ritorno dei Caetani nel 1503.
In questo periodo nacque a Sermoneta il pittore Girolamo Siciolante (1521 - 1580 circa), del quale in loco si conservano tre dipinti: uno di essi proviene dall'abbazia di Valvisciolo, dove ornava l'altare maggiore; si ha anche notizia di un Giovanni Paolo da Sermoneta, pittore attivo a Cori nel 1527. A partire dal XVI secolo, con le prime opere di bonifica dell'Agro pontino e la riapertura dell'Appia, la città iniziò un lento declino. Si pensa che abbia ospitato Leonardo da Vinci. Nel 1567 perse il titolo di capitale del ducato dei Caetani, che posero la loro sede centrale a Cisterna. Sermoneta continuò a essere una centro culturalmente vivace e a metà del Settecento diede i natali al pittore Antonio Cavallucci (Sermoneta 1752 - Roma 1795), che grazie al mecenatismo del duca Francesco Caetani poté formarsi a Roma.
Nel 1928 su una parte del suo territorio, in località Doganella di Ninfa, l'Opera Nazionale Combattenti pose uno dei quartieri generali per le operazioni di bonifica dell'Agro pontino. A partire dal dopoguerra, il suo centro storico ha conosciuto un pesante spopolamento a favore del suo territorio in pianura dove sono sorte le frazioni di Doganella, Tufette, Pontenuovo e Carrara ai confini con i comuni di Cisterna di Latina e Latina.
Al tempo stesso ha conosciuto una notevole espansione turistica che ha come meta l'antico e ben conservato borgo antico, sede di numerose manifestazioni culturali.
Huis Diepenheim (ook: Huize Diepenheim, archaïsch Huys too Diepenheim, Huis te Diepenheim) is een havezate vlak bij Diepenheim in de Nederlandse provincie Overijssel. Het is de oudste havezate van het stadje.
Het geslacht Diepenheim, eerste eigenaren van Huis Diepenheim in de heerlijkheid Diepenheim, wordt voor het eerst vermeld in 1105. De toenmalige heer van Diepenheim, Wolbertus, "hield hoff op syn Castrum benevens de Watermolen liggende". Het huis wordt voor het eerst vermeld in 1177, toen de toenmalige burcht werd verwoest. In 1180 wordt een nieuw huis gebouwd. In 1331 wordt het eigendom van het huis toegedicht aan de bisschop van Utrecht, als bisschop Jan III van Diest de heerlijkheid koopt om geheel Twente in zijn bezit te krijgen.[1] Dit betekende voor de bisschop een flinke investering, waarvoor hij zelfs geld moest lenen bij zijn grote vijand, de hertog van Gelre. Het kasteel werd in 1504 belegerd ten tijde van de inval van de Geldersen in het Oversticht. In 1510 werd het na een nieuwe belegering veroverd door hertog Karel van Gelre. Dezelfde hertog veroverde het huis in 1524 opnieuw.
In 1536 veroverde Georg Schenck van Toutenburg als veldheer van keizer Karel V Huis Diepenheim, waardoor het in Bourgondische handen kwam. Bij deze belegering werd het huis zwaar beschadigd.
Huize Diepenheim kwam in 1637 in bezit van Hendrik Bentinck (1563-1639), drost van Salland. Na een gedeeltelijke sloop werd in 1648 door Bernard Bentinck (1597-1668) begonnen met de bouw van het huidige pand. Hierna werd het in de 17e en 18e eeuw meermaals gewijzigd. Ook in 1905 en 1928 vonden grootscheepse verbouwingen en restauraties plaats. In 1959 werd het dak van het hoofdgebouw vernieuwd. Het huis staat gebouwd tegen een terreinophoging, de Casteelbelt. Hierdoor ligt de voorzijde een verdieping lager dan het achterste gedeelte. Uit archeologisch onderzoek in 1960 kwam naar voren dat de oudste versterking op deze plek uit een brede ringwal heeft bestaan. In de 14e eeuw werd hier voor het eerst een stenen huis gebouwd. Voor de havezate staat een grote zandstenen poort. In de boog van deze poort bevinden zich een alliantiewapen van het geslacht Bentinck (zilveren ankerkruis) en van het geslacht Van Ittersum (drie ezelskoppen) en het jaartal 1685.
Huis Diepenheim bleef tot 1814 in het bezit van het geslacht Bentinck. In 1818 werd het aangekocht door Lodewijk Arent baron Sloet tot Warmelo (1786-1840) die op het huis overleed, net als zijn echtgenote Henriette Louise Quarles van Ufford (1779-1867) die na het overlijden van haar echtgenoot vrouwe van Diepenheim werd, wat ze bleef tot haar overlijden. Hierna veranderde het meerdere malen van eigenaar, totdat het in 1925 werd gekocht door de familie De Vos van Steenwijk. Het huis wordt thans nog steeds bewoond door de baronesse De Vos van Steenwijk.
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Huis Diepenheim (also: Huize Diepenheim, archaic Huys too Diepenheim, Huis te Diepenheim) is a manor near Diepenheim in the Dutch province of Overijssel. It is the oldest manor in the town.
The Diepenheim family, first owners of House Diepenheim in the manor of Diepenheim, is first mentioned in 1105. The then lord of Diepenheim, Wolbertus, "held court at syn Castrum next to the Watermill". The house is first mentioned in 1177, when the former castle was destroyed. A new house was built in 1180. In 1331, ownership of the house was assigned to the Bishop of Utrecht, when Bishop Jan III of Diest bought the manor and acquired the whole of Twente.[1] This meant a significant investment for the bishop, for which he even had to borrow money from his great enemy, the Duke of Guelders. The castle was besieged in 1504 at the time of the invasion of the Gelderse in the Oversticht. In 1510 it was conquered by Duke Charles of Guelders after a new siege. The same duke conquered the house again in 1524.
In 1536, Georg Schenck van Toutenburg, as general of Emperor Charles V, conquered House Diepenheim, putting it in Burgundian hands. The house was severely damaged during this siege.
Huize Diepenheim came into the possession of Hendrik Bentinck (1563-1639), governor of Salland, in 1637. After partial demolition, Bernard Bentinck (1597-1668) started construction of the current building in 1648. After this it was modified several times in the 17th and 18th centuries. Major renovations and restorations also took place in 1905 and 1928. In 1959, the roof of the main building was renovated. The house is built against a raised terrain, the Casteelbelt. As a result, the front is one floor lower than the rear part. Archaeological research in 1960 revealed that the oldest fortification at this location consisted of a wide ring wall. A stone house was first built here in the 14th century. There is a large sandstone gate in front of the manor. In the arch of this gate there is an alliance coat of arms of the Bentinck family (silver anchor cross) and of the Van Ittersum family (three donkey heads) and the year 1685.
House Diepenheim remained in the possession of the Bentinck family until 1814. In 1818 it was purchased by Lodewijk Arent baron Sloet tot Warmelo (1786-1840) who died on the house, just like his wife Henriette Louise Quarles van Ufford (1779-1867) who became lady of Diepenheim after the death of her husband, which she remained until her death. After this, it changed owners several times, until it was purchased in 1925 by the De Vos van Steenwijk family. The house is still inhabited by Baroness De Vos van Steenwijk.
Dordogne (France)
La vallée de la Beune..... une incroyable et mystérieuse vallée en Périgord....
Au XIIe siècle il existe une agglomération, un donjon avec un logis, une chapelle et des maisons-tours : c'est le castrum de Commarque.......
Mais l'homme est ici depuis des millénaires......... en face de ce château, l'abri du cap Blanc (classé au patrimoine mondial de l'humanité) nous montre sur une quinzaine de mètres de long des sculptures et des restes de peintures (Chevaux, bisons etc...). D'autres abris tout proches ont livré des chefs d'oeuvre de l'art magdalénien (la "Vénus de Laussel" ; "la Vénus de Sireuil").
A la base de la falaise supportant le château de Commarque, s'ouvre une grotte exiguë (interdite au public)......... l'homme magdalénien est venu là afin d'y graver des animaux dont un superbe cheval grandeur nature.....
This picture is part of my photographic series Blanche de Castille, which I invite you to consult in the list of my albums.
Blanche of Castile, mother of Louis IX – better known as Saint Louis – was Queen of France from 1223 to 1226.
The castrum of Montverd is situated near Valflaunès, in the Hérault (France). Its origins are not very well documented, but one theory suggests that a Visigothic aristocratic residence, dating from between the 6th and 7th centuries, may have preceded the medieval site.
In medieval terminology, the term 'castrum' refers to a farmstead or a group of dwellings – whether or not organised around a castle – protected by military fortifications such as walls or towers.
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Le castrum de Montverd est situé près de Valflaunès, dans l'Hérault (France). Son origine n'est pas très bien documentée, mais une hypothèse avance qu'une résidence aristocratique wisigothique, entre le VIe et le VIIe siècle, aurait pu précéder le site médiéval.
En terminologie médiévale, on désigne par "castrum" un mas ou un ensemble d'habitations, organisées ou non autour d'un château, et protégées par des fortifications militaires, telles que des murailles ou des tours.
🇫🇷 La cité s'élève sur un plateau à 870 mètres d'altitude, à la porte du pays arverne. Sous la domination de Rome, la ville aurait porté le nom de Chastel-Vair (Castrum Vari) mais cette appellation qui tend à reconnaître à la ville une certaine importance dès l'antiquité n'est pas prouvée. Le nom chrétien qui lui fut donné trouve son origine dans la translation des reliques de Saint-Bonnet, évêque de Clermont, de la capitale des Gaules vers la capitale de l'Auvergne
🇬🇧 The town stands on a plateau at an altitude of 870 metres, at the gateway to the Arverni region. Under Roman rule, the town is said to have been known as Chastel-Vair (Castrum Vari), but this name – which suggests the town held a certain importance as far back as antiquity – has not been proven. The Christian name given to it originates from the transfer of the relics of Saint Bonnet, Bishop of Clermont, from the capital of Gaul to the capital of Auvergne
🇩🇪 Die Stadt erhebt sich auf einem Plateau in 870 Metern Höhe, am Tor zum Land der Arverner. Unter römischer Herrschaft soll die Stadt den Namen Chastel-Vair (Castrum Vari) getragen haben, doch diese Bezeichnung, die der Stadt bereits in der Antike eine gewisse Bedeutung zuspricht, ist nicht belegt. Der christliche Name, der ihr gegeben wurde, geht auf die Überführung der Reliquien des Heiligen Bonnet, Bischof von Clermont, von der Hauptstadt Galliens in die Hauptstadt der Auvergne zurück.
🇪🇸 La ciudad se alza sobre una meseta a 870 metros de altitud, a las puertas del país de los arvernos. Bajo el dominio romano, se cree que la ciudad recibió el nombre de Chastel-Vair (Castrum Vari), pero esta denominación, que parece atribuir a la ciudad cierta importancia desde la Antigüedad, no está demostrada. El nombre cristiano que se le dio tiene su origen en la traslación de las reliquias de San Bonnet, obispo de Clermont, desde la capital de la Galia hasta la capital de Auvernia.
🇮🇹 La città sorge su un altopiano a 870 metri di altitudine, alle porte del paese degli Arverni. Sotto il dominio romano, la città avrebbe portato il nome di Chastel-Vair (Castrum Vari), ma questa denominazione, che sembra attribuire alla città una certa importanza fin dall'antichità, non è documentata. Il nome cristiano che le fu dato trova la sua origine nella traslazione delle reliquie di San Bonetto, vescovo di Clermont, dalla capitale della Gallia alla capitale dell'Alvernia
Vindolanda was a Roman auxiliary fort (castrum) just south of Hadrian's Wall in northern England, which it pre-dated. Archaeological excavations of the site show it was under Roman occupation from roughly 85 AD to 370 AD. Located near the modern village of Bardon Mill in Northumberland, it guarded the Stanegate, the Roman road from the River Tyne to the Solway Firth. It is noted for the Vindolanda tablets, a set of wooden leaf-tablets that were, at the time of their discovery, the oldest surviving handwritten documents in Britain.
The site is a "Scheduled Monument".
Castello Sforzesco - Vigevano...
Il Maschio, edificato su di un promontorio naturale, corrisponde all’antico castrum ed è probabilmente di origine longobarda. Fino al 1340 svolgeva funzioni di difesa per coloro che vi abitavano e di rifugio per gli abitanti del borgo. Dal 1345 iniziò la sua trasformazione in dimora signorile, soprattutto per opera di Ludovico il Moro. Gli ampi saloni si presentavano affrescati e magnificamente arredati per accogliere la corte ducale, personaggi illustri e sovrani. La “Sala dell’affresco”, che si trova nella parte sinistra del Maschio, è stata così nominata dopo il
rinvenimento di un antico affresco che risale agli Sforza.
Pas de FAV sans commentaire.
No FAV without comment
Coucher de soleil sur Busséol.
Construit au XIIème siècle, en 1170, sur un dyke volcanique et sur les restes d'un castrum gallo-romain à 650m d'altitude, par Guillaume VIII d'Auvergne, le château de Busséol est l'une des rares forteresses romanes restées intactes qui domine la Limagne. Rare exemple d'architecture romane, il a conservé son caractère militaire, qui lui permit de résister au siège de Philippe Auguste en 1215, aux assauts des soldats du Prince Noir pendant la guerre de Cent Ans ainsi qu'à l'attaque du Duc de La Rochefoucauld chef des Ligueurs en 1595.
Ce Château-fort appartint successivement, dès l'origine, à des personnages illustres : les Comtes d'Auvergne, le Pape Alexandre III, Jean Stuart Prince d'Ecosse, Blanche de Clermont petite-fille de Saint-Louis... et releva du domaine royal par Catherine de Médicis, reine de France, Comtesse d'Auvergne qui y séjourna avec son fils Charles IX en 1566 lors de leur voyage en Auvergne. Il est ainsi considéré comme le plus historique de la Province. Epargné par Richelieu, il fut habité jusqu'à la Révolution.
Décoration intérieure évoquant le Moyen Âge. On peut également admirer un jardin suspendu dit "des Croisades" où poussent plantes, fleurs et arbustes cultivés au Moyen Âge.
Abandonnée durant la Révolution Française, cette solide forteresse, envahie par la végétation, fut sauvée en 1966, par ses propriétaires actuels. Meublée et habitée, elle est ainsi redevenue une demeure accueillante ouverte aux visiteurs. Ce château appartint à Jeanne, épouse de Jean le Bon, à Catherine de Médicis puis à la reine Margot. Du chemin de ronde on découvre un vaste panorama des Monts du Sancy au Livradois-Forez. Présentation d'une magnifique cheminée romane à foyer cylindrique, unique dans un château en France.
[source : centre-france : www.auvergne-centrefrance.com/geotouring/patrimoi/chateau...]
Bonne journée à tous.
Merci pour vos visites et commentaires
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Sunset on Busséol.
Built in the Xii century, in 1170, on a dyke of volcanic and on the remains of a castrum gallo-roman at 650m of altitude, by William VIII of Auvergne, the castle of Busséol is one of the few fortresses of the romance remained intact, which dominates the Limagne. Rare example of romanesque architecture, it has retained its military character, which enabled him to withstand the siege of Philippe Auguste in 1215, the assaults of the soldiers of the Black Prince during the Hundred Years war and the attack of the Duke of La Rochefoucauld-chief of the Leaguers in 1595.
This Castle belonged successively, from the beginning, to famous people : the Counts of Auvergne, the Pope Alexander III, John Stuart, Prince of Scotland, White of Clermont, granddaughter of Saint-Louis... and raised the royal estate by Catherine de Medici, queen of France, Countess of Auvergne, who stayed there with her son Charles IX in 1566 during their trip in the Auvergne region. Thus, it is considered the most historic of the Province. Spared by Richelieu, it was inhabited until the French Revolution.
Interior decoration evoking the Middle Ages. We can also admire a hanging garden says
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Sonnenuntergang auf Busséol.
Erbaut im Xii jahrhundert, im jahr 1170 auf einem dyke vulkanischen ursprungs und auf die überreste eines römischen castrum gallo-römischen 650m über dem meeresspiegel, von Wilhelm VIII. von Auvergne, das schloss Busséol ist eine der wenigen festungen, die romanischen, die noch intakt sind, dominiert der Limagne. Seltenes beispiel der romanischen architektur, er behielt seinen militärischen charakter, die erlaubte ihm, zu widerstehen, den sitz von Philippe-Auguste im jahre 1215, die angriffe der soldaten des Schwarzen Prinzen während des hundertjährigen krieges und der angriff des Herzogs von La Rochefoucauld, leiter der Ligisten im jahre 1595.
Diese Burg gehörte nacheinander, von anfang an illustre persönlichkeiten : die Grafen von Auvergne, von Papst Alexander iii., Johannes Stuart, Prinz von Schottland, Blanche von Clermont enkelin von Saint-Louis... und stand, der domaine royal, die von Katharina von Medici, königin von Frankreich, Gräfin von Auvergne, die sich hier mit ihrem sohn Karl ix. im jahre 1566 bei ihrer reise in die Auvergne. Es gilt als das wichtigste historische Provinz. Gespart durch Richelieu, er wohnte hier bis zur Revolution.
Inneneinrichtung erinnern an das mittelalter. Kann man auch bewundern einen hängenden garten sagt
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Puesta de sol en Busséol.
Construido en el siglo Xii, en 1170, en un dique de origen volcánico y en los restos de un castro galo-romana, a 650 metros de altitud, por Guillermo VIII de Auvernia, el castillo de Busséol es una de las pocas fortalezas de el romance se mantuvo intacta, que domina la Limagne. Raro ejemplo de arquitectura románica, ha conservado su carácter militar, lo que le permitió resistir el asedio de Philippe Auguste, en 1215, los ataques de los soldados del Príncipe Negro durante la guerra de Cien Años y el ataque del Duque de La Rochefoucauld-jefe de los Jugadores en 1595.
Este Castillo perteneció sucesivamente, desde el principio, a gente famosa : los Condes de Auvernia, el Papa Alejandro III, John Stuart, el Príncipe de Escocia, Blanco de Clermont, nieta de Saint-Louis... y planteó la real hacienda por Catalina de Médicis, reina de Francia, Conde de Auvernia, que se quedó allí con su hijo Carlos IX en 1566 durante su viaje en la región de Auvernia. Por lo tanto, es considerado como el más histórico de la Provincia. Salvo por el cardenal Richelieu, fue habitada hasta la Revolución francesa.
La decoración Interior que evoca la Edad Media. También podemos admirar un jardín colgante dice
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Zonsondergang op Busséol.
Gebouwd in de Xii eeuw, in 1170, op een dijk van vulkanische en op de resten van een castrum gallo-romeinse op 650m hoogte, door Willem VIII van de Auvergne, het kasteel van Busséol is een van de weinige forten van de romantiek bleef intact, domineert de Limagne. Zeldzaam voorbeeld van de romaanse architectuur, heeft zij behield haar militair karakter, die hem in staat stelde om bestand te zijn tegen de belegering van Philippe Auguste in 1215, de aanvallen van de soldaten van de Zwarte Prins tijdens de honderdjarige oorlog en de aanval van de Hertog van La Rochefoucauld-chief van de Leaguers in 1595.
Dit Kasteel behoorde achtereenvolgens, vanaf het begin, naar het beroemde mensen : de Graven van Auvergne, de Paus Alexander III, John Stuart, Prins van Schotland, Wit van Clermont, kleindochter van Saint-Louis... en verhoogde het koninklijk domein door Catherine de Medici, koningin van Frankrijk, Gravin van Auvergne, die bleef er met haar zoon Karel IX in 1566 tijdens hun reis in de Auvergne. Dus, het wordt beschouwd als de meest historische van de Provincie. Gespaard door Richelieu, werd bewoond tot aan de franse Revolutie.
Het interieur doet denken aan de Middeleeuwen. We kunnen ook genieten van een hangende tuin zegt
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Tramonto sul Busséol.
Costruito nel Xii secolo, nel 1170, su una diga di origine vulcanica e sui resti di un castrum gallo-romana, a 650 m di altitudine, da Guglielmo VIII di Auvergne, il castello di Busséol è una delle poche fortezze del romanticismo è rimasto intatto, che domina la Limagne. Raro esempio di architettura romanica, che ha mantenuto il suo carattere militare, che gli ha permesso di resistere all'assedio di Philippe Auguste nel 1215, gli assalti dei soldati del Principe Nero durante la guerra dei Cent'Anni e l'attacco del Duca di La Rochefoucauld-capo dei Leghisti nel 1595.
Questo Castello apparteneva successivamente, dall'inizio, di persone famose : i Conti d'Alvernia, il Papa Alessandro III, John Stuart, il Principe di Scozia, il Bianco di Clermont, nipote di Saint-Louis... e sollevato la reale tenuta da Caterina de ' Medici, regina di Francia, Contessa di Auvergne, che rimase lì con suo figlio Carlo IX nel 1566, durante il loro viaggio nella regione dell'Alvernia. Così, è considerato il più storico della Provincia. Risparmiato da Richelieu, fu abitata fino alla Rivoluzione francese.
Decorazione di interni, di evocare il Medioevo. Si può inoltre ammirare un giardino pensile dice
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Pôr do sol na Busséol.
Construído no século Xii, em 1170, em um dique de origem vulcânica e sobre os restos de um castrum gallo-roman 650m de altitude, por William VIII do Auvergne, o castelo de Busséol é uma das poucas fortalezas do romance permaneceu intacta, que domina o Limagne. Raro exemplo de arquitetura românica, ele manteve a sua militares personagem, o que lhe permitiu suportar o cerco de Philippe Auguste em 1215, os ataques dos soldados do Príncipe Negro durante a guerra dos Cem Anos e o ataque do Duque de La Rochefoucauld-chefe dos jogadores da liga, em 1595.
Este Castelo pertenceu, sucessivamente, desde o início, pessoas famosas : a Conta de Auvergne, o Papa Alexandre III, John Stuart, Príncipe da Escócia, Branca de Clermont, neta de Saint-Louis... e levantou o real estate, Catarina de Médici, rainha da França, Condessa de Auvergne, que ficou lá com o seu filho Carlos IX, em 1566, durante a sua viagem na região de Auvergne. Assim, é considerado o mais históricas da Província. Poupado por Richelieu, foi habitado até a Revolução francesa.
Decoração de interiores evocando a Idade Média. Nós também podemos admirar um jardim suspenso diz
Castillo de Turégano, Segovia, España.
El primitivo Castrum celtibérico fue aprovechado por los estrategas romanos para completar el sistema de fortificaciones con COLENDA “SEPTEMPUBLICA”,”PETRARIA” y “CAUCA” envolvían el territorio segoviano y dominaban las cuencas de los ríos de Eresma, Cega y Duratón. Del Castrum sólo quedan las torres en parte desmochadas, construidas posiblemente hacia finales del siglo X y de clara tradición árabe.
De planta cuadrada, fueron ejecutadas de fábrica de gruesos de cal y canto, aparecieron traspasadas en su parte inferior por un estrecho pasadizo conocido como “el paso de ronda” y unidas entre sí por tramos realizados en tapial.
El recinto de planta cuadrangular flanqueado por torreones circulares en los ángulos y rematados por hornacinas con la imagen de San Miguel. Como característica en común a lienzos y almenas, se encuentran saeteras del tipo cruz y orbe y palo y orbe. En todo sistema de protección encontramos también, matacanes, buhoneras, acodos, recovecos, balcones amatacanados y estrechas escaleras.
El edificio central se encuentra constituido por la torre del homenaje, cuyo interior se distribuye en estancias, estrechas escaleras, que comunican las distintas salas y una escalera helicoidal que conduce a la base de la torre, donde puede contemplarse el bellísimo paisaje y se palpa el carácter defensivo del castillo. Declarado monumento nacional en 1931, su emplazamiento recuerda la función defensiva por el que fue erigido. En su construcción se han de distinguir distintos conjuntos que lo compone: El Castrum y las torres, la primitiva iglesia de San Miguel, y el traslado de la espadaña a su lugar actual. Muchos autores defendieron la teoría de haberse construido a la par que al castillo, hoy se puede afirmar que la iglesia de San Miguel, de estilo románico, fue ejecutada a finales del siglo XII y a principios del siglo XIII.
En el ala oeste encontramos tres torreones construidos con similares características, sillares de piedra rosa, rematados entre sus lienzos por parapetos, matacanes y gárgolas de una pieza.
La entrada de la iglesia, marcada encima por el escudo episcopal, está defendida por dos torres especiales, polígonas en el primer cuerpo y circulares y circulares en el segundo, corre por ellas una línea de matacanes debajo de un arco abierto que hace las veces de galería, donde puede observarse un arco de crucería.
En ella destacan dos fases constructivas, la primera comprendería las naves laterales y la torre elevada, actualmente embutida dentro del torreón central. De la segunda fase destaca la nave central construida por buena sillería y cubierta con bóveda de cañón apuntada. Las obras que dan lugar al recinto amurallado se encuentran en el siglo XV, siendo emprendidas por Arias Dávila en 1471, continuadas por Arias del Villar y concluidas por Diego Rivera siguiendo el plan por el, trazado por el Prelado Arias Dávila. La última fase de la construcción es la colocación, en 1703, de la espadaña, de estilo barroco y rematada con frontón curvo.
The primitive Celtiberian Castrum was used by the Roman strategists to complete the system of fortifications with COLENDA "SEPTEMPUBLICA", "PETRARIA" and "CAUCA" wrapped around the territory of Segovia and dominated the basins of the rivers of Eresma, Cega and Duratón. Of the Castrum there are only partially towered towers, possibly built towards the end of the 10th century and with a clear Arab tradition.
Of square plant, they were executed of factory of thicknesses of lime and song, they appeared transferred in its inferior part by a narrow passageway known like "the passage of ronda" and united to each other by stretches realized in tapial.
The enclosure of quadrangular plant flanked by circular towers in the angles and topped by niches with the image of San Miguel. As a common characteristic of canvases and battlements, there are cross and orb and arrow and orb bows. In every system of protection we also find, machicolations, buhoneras, layering, recesses, balconies amatacanados and narrow stairs.
The central building is constituted by the keep, whose interior is distributed in rooms, narrow stairs, which connect the different rooms and a helical staircase that leads to the base of the tower, where you can contemplate the beautiful landscape and feel the defensive character of the castle. Declared a national monument in 1931, its location recalls the defensive function by which it was erected. In its construction we have to distinguish different groups that make it up: The Castrum and the towers, the primitive church of San Miguel, and the transfer of the bulrush to its current place. Many authors defended the theory of having built at the same time as the castle, today it can be said that the church of San Miguel, in Romanesque style, was executed at the end of the 12th century and at the beginning of the 13th century.
In the west wing we find three towers built with similar characteristics, rose stone ashlars, topped between their canvases by parapets, machicolations and one piece gargoyles.
The entrance of the church, marked above by the episcopal shield, is defended by two special towers, polygons in the first body and circular and circular in the second, runs through them a line of machicolations under an open arch that serves as gallery, where you can see an archway.
In her they emphasize two constructive phases, first would include the lateral ships and the elevated tower, at the moment embedded within the central tower. Of the second phase highlights the central nave built by good ashlar masonry and covered with pointed barrel vault. The works that give rise to the walled enclosure are in the XV century, being undertaken by Arias Dávila in 1471, continued by Arias del Villar and concluded by Diego Rivera following the plan by him, drawn by the Prelate Arias Dávila. The last phase of construction is the placement, in 1703, of the steeple, baroque style and topped with curved pediment.
Le château est situé entre les bourgs de Foncaude et de Saint-Félix en Gironde.
Les vestiges de l'ancien village féodal de Pommiers, appelé castrum à l'instar des camps fortifiés romains sont avant tout constitués d'une enceinte triangulaire datant du début du XIVe siècle avec une porte d'entrée à la pointe nord, une imposante tour castrale comportant une porte identique, à l'angle sud-ouest et une courtine en façade sud surplombant le cours de la Vignagne ; le logis seigneurial et une chapelle sont postérieurs à cette époque de même qu'un colombier du XVIIe siècle à l'extérieur, au milieu des vignes au nord.
L'édifice a été inscrit au titre des monuments historiques par arrêté du 8 juin 2007 après une première protection du 22 décembre 1987 annulée.
Photo du 20 septembre 2015.
L'existence d'un castrum est attestée depuis le milieu du Xe siècle1. Ce site fortifié fait l'objet d'un incendie en 11041.
C'est Henri II Plantagenêt qui, voulant mettre en valeur et en défense les domaines que sa femme, Aliénor d'Aquitaine, lui apportait par son mariage, décida de faire de Niort sa capitale, et construire à la fin du XIIe siècle le château de Niort et d'en faire une forteresse inexpugnable. C'était une véritable cité englobant des habitations, des jardins et une place d'armes sur laquelle il y avait la collégiale Saint-Gaudens, qui a été détruite au cours des guerres de religion. Plus tard, le château servira de prison.
À l'origine, les deux tours, surmontés d'une terrasse crénelée et distants de 16 mètres étaient reliées entre elles par des courtines entre lesquelles s'étendait une cour intérieure pavée. Ce n'est qu'au XVe siècle, que fut élevé le corps de bâtiment central. Au XVIIIe siècle, la tour nord s'effondre et l'on profite de sa reconstruction pour y réaliser quelques aménagements.
En 1896, le donjon trouve finalement sa vocation contemporaine : il devient un musée géré par la communauté d'agglomération du Niortais. La terrasse offre une vue sur la ville ancienne au sud-est et sur la Sèvre au nord-ouest.
Lasciata Porta Gemina … ci incamminiamo al Castello...
ai piedi del colle incontriamo prima il Teatro romano minore di Pola - che risale al - I°sec.d.C.
In epoca romana, il teatro occupava un’area più grande,
rispetto a ciò che è visibile ai giorni nostri, poiché gli scavi,
non vennero mai conclusi,
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Strada facendo incontriamo indicazioni sulla Fortezza Veneziana.
(fotografo sempre i cartelli che danno indicazioni).
Sembra - che nel periodo preromano, ci fossero sul luogo,
i castellieri istriani con una piccola stazione di difesa militare
Spiegata così la citazione che ho fotografato: sul luogo).
“gli Histri ubicarono il loro castelliere
i romani il loro castrum
e la signoria medievale il loro castello”
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Costruita nel più importante punto strategico del golfo di Pola,
la Fortezza venne ideata e progettata per la Serenissima,
dall'ingegnere militare francese Antoine De Ville,
tra il 1631 e il 1633 nel XVII sec. per la difesa di Pola.
_____
Ultima foto a fine video … il "Castello" Veneziano di Pola.
Oggi sede del Museo storico.
_____
Come sempre vi ricordo ...
portiamo tutti la mascherina nei luoghi affollati.
Dobbiamo essere previdenti ... non ne siamo ancora usciti!
Un caro saluto amici miei da
Liliana
Les origines du château de Malves sont médiévales. Elles remontent probablement au XIe siècle, moment où sont implantées plusieurs places fortes dans le secteur. Construit en hauteur, pour dominer les terres environnantes, il est à l’origine d’un castrum sur lequel est aujourd’hui établi le village.
Un des premiers seigneurs du village est Jordan de Cabaret dit « le Noir », dont la famille possédait aussi Villarzel et Villarlong. Mais il fut contraint vers 1260 de céder plusieurs de ses châteaux au roi de France.
La baronnie de Malves devient ensuite possession de la famille De Grave, avant qu’elle ne soit achetée en 1487 par « Noble Guillaume de Bellissens, marchand », viguier de Carcassonne et châtelain d'une des tours de Cabaret. Il meurt en 1501. Il reconstruit le château qui est agrandi par son successeur Pierre II de Bellissen qui y ajoute les 2 étages au milieu du XVIe siècle et peut-être le commanditaire du premier décor (plafond de la grande salle d’apparat). Son fils Pierre III, viguier de Carcassonne de 1525 à 1575 serait le commanditaire des décors du studiolo. Les autres plafonds pourraient être à l'initiative de son fils Antoine qui se marie en 1584. Toute cette chronologie reste une hypothèse car la succession de plusieurs Pierre de Bellissen durant le XVIe siècle ne facilite pas l'identification des ou du commanditaires éventuels. Une étude de dendrochronologie en 2024 confirme cette chronologie avec des terminus post quem : pour le plancher du 2e étage daté après 1486 et pour la cloison est du studiolo datée après 1537.
Les Bellissen de Malves font partie d'une puissante famille de marchands drapiers. Ils avaient des hôtels particuliers à Carcassonne et des relations avec l'Espagne et l'Italie et ont exercé des fonctions administratives importantes. Guillaume était viguier et receveur particulier de l'aide de l'octroi de la ville de Carcassonne ; Pierre II, chambellan de Louis XII, gouverneur des châteaux de Lastours, viguier de Carcassonne, lieutenant du sénéchal de Carcassonne et Béziers. On raconte même que le roi Charles IX, de passage à Carcassonne en 1565, aurait séjourné à Malves.
Le château reste la propriété de la famille de Bellissen jusqu'au début du XVIIIe siècle. Il est vendu entre 1718 et 1720 à la maison De Gua et passe autour de 1740 dans la famille Angely de la Baume lors du mariage de la dernière héritière. Au début du XIXe siècle, le château entre dans les possessions de la famille d’Esquieux. Il sera ensuite acheté plusieurs fois entre 1886 et 1893. Pendant près d’un siècle, il fait partie d’un important domaine viticole qui fournit au village l’une de ses principales activités économiques.
Une description de 1970 mentionne un parc de 4 hectares entouré d'un mur d'enceinte planté de pins. Grande cour avec bassin devant la façade nord-est où se trouve l'entrée principale. Grand jardin au sud-est. Les communs sont reportés au nord-est, au-delà de la cour, et entourent une seconde cour. Racheté en 1986 par la mairie, le château a d’abord été mis aux normes de sécurité afin de pouvoir accueillir diverses activités culturelles. Il a un moment hébergé l’Ecole du Cirque de Claudy Renotte et des expositions d’art
Das Kloster Arnsburg (auch Abtei Arnsberg; lat. Monasterium Castrum Aquilae) ist die teilerhaltene Klosteranlage einer ehemaligen Zisterzienserabtei und seit 1977 Stadtteil der Stadt Lich in Hessen, Deutschland. Kloster Arnsburg liegt am Nordrand der Wetterau in der Niederung des Flusses Wetter, unweit der Burg Münzenberg, in unmittelbarer Nähe des Limes.
Die Abtei wurde 1174 gegründet und 1803 im Laufe der Säkularisation aufgehoben. Nach dem Abzug der Mönche 1810 fiel das Klostergut an die Grafen zu Solms-Laubach, die Teile der barocken Gebäude der Anlage bis heute als Schloss nutzen, während die spätromanischen und frühgotischen Teile der Kirche als Ruine erhalten sind. Im ehemaligen Kreuzgang befindet sich seit 1960 eine Kriegsgräberstätte.
447 mit Thymian bepflanzte und von Graswegen gesäumte Reihengräber sind innerhalb des Kreuzgangs angelegt. In Anlehnung an die Bestattungspraxis der Zisterzienser sind sie von West nach Ost ausgerichtet. Bronzetafeln am Fußende jedes Grabes tragen, soweit bekannt, die persönlichen Daten der Bestatteten, die oft nur aus einem Datum oder einer Jahreszahl bestehen. Über die Anlage verteilt stehen einzeln oder in Gruppen Steinkreuze aus rötlichem Lavatuff. Neben gefallenen Soldaten fanden auch verstorbene Kriegsgefangene und Fremdarbeiter aus der ehemaligen Sowjetunion, aus Polen, Ungarn, Rumänien, Frankreich und Luxemburg eine letzte Ruhestätte, unter ihnen 81 Frauen und sechs Männer aus verschiedenen Ländern, die bei Hirzenhain kurz vor dem Eintreffen der amerikanischen Armee am 26. März 1945 in einer Nacht-und-Nebel-Aktion von SS- und Gestapo-Leuten erschossen worden sind.
Varigotti è un antico insediamento di Liguri pescatori e marinai; in età imperiale e bizantina la penisola di Punta Crena viene fortificata e diventa importante sede di un Castrum, distrutto dal re longobardo Rotari nel 641, di cui si vedono in basso dei ruderi. La Torre di avvistamento in cima a Punta Crena, che come si vede domina l'abitato di Varigotti, viene costruita nel 1559, a difesa delle incursioni dei pirati turchi e saraceni. 'Sentiero Balcone' da Varigotti (fraz. di Finale Ligure) al Faro di Noli (SV), lungo il Sentiero del Pellegrino. Liguria, Italia.
Esztergom was the capital of Hungary from the 10th till the mid-13th century when King Béla IV of Hungary moved the royal seat to Buda. During the same period, the castle of Esztergom was built on the site of ancient Roman castrum. It served not only as the royal residence until the 1241 (the Mongol invasion), but also as the center of the Hungarian state, religion, and Esztergom county.
After changing his residence to Budapest, Béla IV gave the palace and castle to the archbishop. Following these events, the castle was built and decorated by the bishops. The center of the king’s town, which was surrounded by walls, was still under royal authority. A number of different monasteries did return or settle in the religious center.
Meanwhile, the citizenry had been fighting to maintain and reclaim the rights of towns against the expansion of the church within the royal town. In the chaotic years after the fall of the House of Árpád, Esztergom suffered another calamity: in 1304, the forces of Wenceslaus II, the Czech king occupied and raided the castle. In the years to come, the castle was owned by several individuals: Róbert Károly and then Louis the Great patronized the town.
The Ottoman conquest of Mohács in 1526 brought a decline to the previously flourishing Esztergom as well. In the Battle of Mohács, the archbishop of Esztergom died. In the period between 1526 and 1543, when two rival kings reigned in Hungary, Esztergom was besieged six times. At times it was the forces of Ferdinand I or John Zápolya, at other times the Ottomans attacked. Finally, in 1530, Ferdinand I occupied the castle. He put foreign mercenaries in the castle, and sent the chapter and the bishopric to Nagyszombat and Pozsony.
However, in 1543 Sultan Suleiman I attacked the castle and took it. Esztergom became the centre of an Ottoman sanjak controlling several counties, and also a significant castle on the northwest border of the Ottoman Empire. In the 17th century Esztergom was besieged and conquered several times during the Ottoman-Habsburg Wars. Most of the buildings in the castle and the town that had been built in the Middle Ages were destroyed during this period, and there were only uninhabitable, smothered ruins to welcome the liberators.
In 1761 the bishopric regained control over the castle, where they started the preliminary processes of the reconstruction of the new religious center: the middle of the Várhegy (Castle Hill), the remains of Saint Stephen and Saint Adalbert churches were carried away to provide room for the new cathedral.
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※ LES TOURS DE MERLE
※ Castrum médiéval construit sur un éperon rocheux surplombant la rivière Maronne, les Tours de Merle se trouvent dans les collines et forêts de la Xaintrie.
※ Elles sont une forteresse naturelle dans un pays authentique de la Corrèze : la XAINTRIE !
※ Ce site historique suscite l'imaginaire des visiteurs, grands ou petits !
※ CLASSÉ MONUMENT HISTORIQUE DEPUIS 1927, inscrit au titre de son paysage, situé en ZONE NATURA 2000 et d'intérêt écologique floristique et faunistique, le site recèle des trésors d'Histoire et de Nature.
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Die Stadt wurde 902 zum ersten Mal unter dem Namen Castrum Babenberch erwähnt. Die Gründung des Bistums erfolgte 1007 durch Kaiser Heinrich II. Seit 1993 gehört die Altstadt zum UNESCO Weltkulturerbe.
The city was mentioned for the first time 902 under the name of Castrum Babenberch. The foundation of the diocese was done in 1007 by Emperor Henry II. Since 1993 the Old Town, belongs to the UNESCO World Heritage.