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St. Bernard de Clairvaux Church is a medieval Spanish monastery cloister which was built in the town of Sacramenia in Segovia, Spain, in the 12th century but dismantled in the 20th century and shipped to New York City in the United States. It was eventually reassembled at 16711 West Dixie Highway, North Miami Beach, Florida, where it is now an Episcopal church and tourist attraction called Ancient Spanish Monastery. It is the oldest European-built structure in the Western Hemisphere.
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Historic anchor above Port Chalmers
Know as the 'Nine Fathom Foul', a large iron anchor that fouled many local fishermen's nets until hauled ashore in 1978. Port Chalmers, Dunedin, Otago, South Island, New Zealand.
St. Bernard de Clairvaux Church is a medieval Spanish monastery cloister which was built in the town of Sacramenia in Segovia, Spain, in the 12th century but dismantled in the 20th century and shipped to New York City in the United States. It was eventually reassembled at 16711 West Dixie Highway, North Miami Beach, Florida, where it is now an Episcopal church and tourist attraction called Ancient Spanish Monastery. It is the oldest European-built structure in the Western Hemisphere.
Credit for the data above is given to the following website:
Actually Slave Island is not an island; it’s situated just south of the city centre. Slaves were kept here until the 19th century, therefore it was generally known as the Slave Island. The official designation of the Church is Holy Rosary but it is popularly known as the “Infant Jesus Church”. The statue of “El Nino“, which is said to possess miraculous powers, therefore, it is a very popular devotion site. The church is y small, but quite beautiful. It has the typical feature of many Sri Lankan churches; broad open-air ‘aisles’ along the outside of the church, where additional crowds can sit, away from the heat and stuffiness inside the church, yet protected from sun and rain. The statue of “The Infant Jesus” is on the front left hand side of the Church, but a large similar model is placed over the top of the canopy at the entrance of the Church. On Jan 2, 2008, four people sere killed in a terror attack in front of the Church.
Holy Rosary (Infant Jesus) Shrine. Храм Младенца Иисуса - римская католическая церковь. Находится на Слейв Айленде, на пересечении улиц Rifle Street и Kumaran Ratnam Mawatha. Слева у церкви - статуя младенца Иисуса, которая, как считается, обладает волшебными свойствами. Еще в этой церкви часто проводятся свадебные церемонии, и это неудивительно: сам храм очень красивый, да и фотографироваться около него легко и приятно - вокруг нет никаких строений. В 2008 году рядом с храмом произошел взрыв, унесший жизни четырех человек и повредивший храм и отель, который расположен рядом.
Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China - July 27, 2024 : Hangzhou International Convention Center, featuring its spherical facade with reflective glass surfaces. It is illuminated with blue light among other skyscrapers
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This architectural gem is one of the first modern buildings in the city of Milan, and with its 100m height, we're witnessing a modern architectural masterpiece, erected in 1958. Starting from the top, the upper third of the building, which protrudes outside the lower levels, was designed to associate to medieval watchtowers. Such defense towers were used in times of war to protect the Italian castles from attacks. Having in mind the ideas of the ancient architecture during the design process, the authors were able to connect the modern building to its historic past and keep the design of the new addition from falling out of context. The tower’s stone material and its supporting beams, add stability to the projecting section and they look like they are directly inspired by Italy’s medieval defense towers. Gothic characteristics in the surroundings are also recognizable. One of the characteristics of this modern building is that the schemes of windows, doors, and material are repeated rhythmically. Patterns are being created using empty walls, open windows, and reflective glass surfaces, where you normally have glass windows; this is the main trait of Torre Velasca. Authors of this modern piece are BBPR (Banfi, Belgiojoso, Peressutti, Rogers), an Italian architectural partnership. Torre Velasca is a reaction against the trend of the International Style, complete with its abstract medieval references.
Символ итальянской послевоенной архитектуры, Башня Веласка является одним из доминирующих символов линии горизонта города. Ее монументальный профиль с выступающей передней частью узнаваем из любой точки города. Здание, построенное по проекту группы итальянских архитекторов, известных под аббревиатурой BBPR, между 1951 и 1958 годами, освободилось от канонического образа модернистского небоскреба, его форма больше напоминает скорее очертания средневековой башни. По вертикали здание достигает 106 м, и по всей ее длине проходит структурная сетка, спроектированная Артуро Дануссо: внешние прожилки разветвляются на углах, поддерживая верхнюю экспрессивную железобетонную структуру. В верхней части расположены квартиры, а в колонне расположены офисы и кабинеты. Название башни связано с испанским правителем Хуаном де Веласко, чье имя носил квартал, в котором была построена башня.
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Well-lit night cityscape with numerous skyscrapers and a multi-stack motorway junction
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Jesus walks says Kanye West. Jesus stands shows New Orleans. We all need heroes. No matter how small or big. Don't let them convince you otherwise
Leica M9 with NOCTILUX 50mm @ f0.95 More to follow on my blog www.artq.com
Пале́рмо (др.-греч. Πάνορμος, лат. Panormus, итал. Palermo, сиц. Palermu) — главный город итальянского региона Сицилия , административный центр одноимённой провинции.
Santa Maria dei Miracoli presso San Celso is a church and a sanctuary. The construction was begun by Gian Giacomo Dolcebuono and Giovanni Battagio in 1493, to house a miraculous icon of the Madonna, initially on the central plan. The first part to be built was the octagonal dome, covered externally by a tambour with a loggia and arcades decorated by twelve brickwork statues by Agostino De Fondulis, designed in Lombard style by Giovanni Antonio Amadeo (1494-1498). In 1506 to the original edifice a complex with nave and two aisles was added, the former covered by a monumental barrel vault also by Amadeo; the presbytery received a polygonal ambulatory inspired to that in the Duomo. In the 16th century also the square portico in classical style was added, perhaps designed by Cesare Cesariano or Cristoforo Lombardo (il Lombardino). The massive eclectic and Mannerist style façade was designed by Galeazzo Alessi in the late 16th century and was realized by Martino Bassi; it is decorated by numerous statues and reliefs by Stoldo Lorenzi and Annibale Fontana.
Комплекс Санта-Мария дей Мираколи состоит из церкви Св. Цельсия (chiesa di San Celso) и храма Санта-Мария прессо Сан-Челсо (Santa Maria presso San Celso). Первая церковь, восходящая к древним временам, была перестроена в 996 году рядом с бенедиктинским монастырем, при реконструкции в XI веке она была перестроена в романском стиле: трехнефная базилика с единой абсидой. Нынешний фасад, продвинутый назад, по сравнению с оригинальным, является результатом стилистической реконструкции, осуществленной Луиджи Каноника (1851-54). Справа возвышается мощная колокольня в романо-ломбардском стиле, являющаяся одной из старейших в городе. Сантуарий был выполнен после 1490 года и заменил небольшую капеллу поздней готики (1429-39), которая уже не вмещала большого количества паломников, приходивших поклониться чудодейственному образу Девы Марии, хранившемуся там. Строительство купола (украшенного статуями из терракоты Агостина де Фонтутиса) и тибуриума было поручено Джованни Антонио Амадео и Джан Джакомо Дольчебуоно в 1497 году. В 1505 году Кристофоро Солари начинает строительство тройного портика перед фасадом, который стал первым миланским образцом зрелого классицизма; внутри открытая кладка кирпича с отдельными коринфскими бронзовыми капителями, снаружи отделан белым мрамором. Позднее церковь быда расширена под руководством Чезаре Чезариано (с 1513 года) и Кристофоро Ломбардо (с 1528 г.) путем строительства крытой галереи и боковых нефов. В 1563 году начались работы на фасаде, по проекту Галеаццо Алесси, позднее дополненные Мартино Басси.
The first church dedicated to the Divine Grace was present on the left bank of the Naviglio Grande canal already in the 16th century: in the year 1556 a chapel was built to accommodate the image of the Madonna, considered miraculous The chapel was later demolished and in its place was built the church, the largest in the Baroque style . It was destroyed by fire in 1719, and subsequently rebuilt. In 1849 was elevated to the rank of parish. At the end of the 19th century, wanting to demolish the old church, which was already too small for the growing area and replace it with a larger one, the architect Gaetano Moretti presented his project. The church is in the three naves of the Art Nouveau style, with a high bell tower and a portico on the main facade. The construction of the new church began in 1901. In 1908, the last remnant of the former baroque church was demolished.
Первая церковь, посвященная божией Благодати присутствовала, на левом берегу канала Навильо-Гранде уже в XVI веке: в год 1556 была построена часовня, чтобы разместить изображениеМадонны, считавшийся чудотворной Часовня была позже снесена и на ее месте была построена церковь, самая большая в стиле барокко. Она была разрушена пожаром в 1719, и в дальнейшем восстановлена. В 1849 была возведена в ранг прихода. В конце XIX века, желая снести старую церковь, которая была уже слишком мала для растущего района и заменить его на более большую, архитектор Гаэтано Моретти представил свой проект. Церковь в три нефа стиле модерн, с высокой колокольней и портиком на главном фасаде. Строительство новой церкви началось в 1901. В 1908 был снесен последний остаток прежней церкви в стиле барокко.
Writer Anton Chekhov and seaside town of Yalta are linked in many ways. One of his most famous short stories, "The Lady With The Dog," is set in the romantic oasis. White Dacha, sits virtually unchanged since he left it on May 1, 1904, a few months before he died.
The dacha -- a fin-de-siecle, three-story structure -- sits on a steep road to the northwest of the city. It was built when Chekhov, because of lung problems, was advised to move to a warmer climate from his beloved Melikhovo, a town outside Moscow. He moved to the Yalta house in 1899 and left five years later for Germany, where he would die.
The White Dacha has changed little since Chekhov left it for the last time. The garden is filled with trees that he planted. Composer Sergei Rachmaninov once played the piano that sits on the ground floor, and Maxim Gorky sat on a green bench in the corner of the luscious garden.
Знаменитый Дом-музей А.П.Чехова в Ялте, известный также как «Белая дача», практически, единственный чеховский музей, в котором сохранилась подлинная обстановка: дом, мебель, вещи и даже предметы стоят на тех же местах, как было при жизни великого драматурга. Экспозицией под открытым небом можно назвать и мемориальный сад, который Чехов планировал и создавал лично. По задумке Антона Павловича это должен был быть «Сад вечной весны», где вне зависимости от времени года постоянно что-то должно цвести. Так оно и вышло - Белая дача, буквально, круглый год утопает в зелени и буйстве красок. И по сей день в саду сохранилось порядка 30% растений, которые еще помнят тепло рук писателя.
The Windmill Tower:
The oldest convict-built structure surviving in Queensland, the windmill tower has accommodated a range of uses. Constructed in 1828 to process the wheat and corn crops of the Moreton Bay penal settlement, it had a treadmill attached for times when there was no wind but also as a tool for punishing convicts. The mill ceased grinding grain in 1845 and the treadmill was removed sometime before 1849. From 1855 the tower was reused as a signal station to communicate shipping news between the entrance of the Brisbane River and the town. Substantial renovations were made to it in 1861 including the installation of a time ball to assist in regulating clocks and watches. Twenty years later a cottage for the signalman was constructed to the immediate west of the tower, with a detached kitchen erected to the south two years after that. Both were later demolished. The windmill tower was used as a facility for early radio, telephony and television communications research from the 1920s and underwent substantial conservation work in the 1980s and 2009.
In May 1825, after eight months of occupation at Redcliffe, the contingent of convicts, soldiers, administrators and their families comprising the Moreton Bay penal settlement relocated to the site of present-day Brisbane's central business district. The growing settlement was to be self-sufficient in feeding its residents by cultivating corn (also known as maize) and wheat crops at the government farm, which were then processed into meal and flour by hand mills.[1] By 1827, with a substantial crop to process, the settlement storekeeper recommended a treadmill be erected to grind the crop into flour. Commandant Logan indicated at this time that such a devise at Brisbane town would be of service and also provide an avenue for the punishment of convicts.[2]
There is little evidence confirming details of the windmill tower's planning and construction. In July 1828, Peter Beauclerk Spicer, the Superintendent of Convicts at the time, recorded in his diary that convicts were 'clearing ground for foundations for the Mill' and proceeded to dig a circular trench that reached bedrock and had a circumference of approximately 9 metres.[3] Allan Cunningham noted soon after that construction was in progress. The mill was constructed on the highest point overlooking the settlement on what is now Wickham Terrace. By 31 October 1828 the first grain was being ground at the site by a mill gang; however it is supposed that this was done by a treadmill as the rotating cap and sails associated with the wind-powered operation of the mill were not brought to the site until November.[4] Circumstantial evidence suggests that the wind-powered grinding of grain did not begin until December.
There were two pairs of millstones inside the tower, each driven independently by the treadmill and sail mechanisms. The former was located outside the tower, a shaft connecting the treadwheel and the mill cogwheels inside. Two sketches from the early 1830s show the windmill tower and its sail stocks in place,[5] while an 1839 description depicts a tower built from stone and brick, comprising four floors, a treadmill and windmill. From 1829 the windmill tower was said to be continually requiring repair, possibly because its equipment was all made from locally-available timber rather than iron[6].
The treadmill was an important component of the mill, for use as punishment without trial, and for times when there was no wind but the amounts of grain sufficient to sustain the settlement still required processing. No plans exist of the Brisbane treadmill, however, the Office of the Colonial Architect produced a standard Design for Tread Mill Adapted for Country Districts Average Estimate £120.[7] Between 25 and 30 men worked at the mill at any one time. Sixteen operated the treadmill, although as there are no plans, it is uncertain whether it comprised a standard 16-place treadmill, or two 8-place sections connected to a common shaft. Each man would climb five steps to get onto the wheel, standing on the 9 inch wide treads and holding on to the rail. The men would then work as though ascending steps to operate the treadmill. Some undertook this task while in leg irons, while the more able used one hand to hold on and the other to draw sketches of people, animals and scenes on the boards of the mill. The men would work from sunrise to sunset with three hours rest in the middle of the day in summer, and two hours in winter.[8] [9] The first casualty of the treadmill, which produced the first official record of its existence, occurred in September 1829 when prisoner Michael Collins lost his life after being entangled in the operating mechanism. Maps of 1840s Brisbane feature a rectangular structure attached to the outside of the tower, Robert Dixon's in particular showing a 6 x 5 metre structure, probably the treadmill, located on ground that was to become Wickham Terrace.
In July 1841 the Brisbane tower was reputedly the site of a public execution of two Aboriginal men who had been convicted in Sydney of the murder of Assistant Surveyor Stapylton and one of his party near Mount Lindsay. They were returned to Moreton Bay and hanged with about 100 Aboriginal people present, however it may be that the execution took place elsewhere on what was known as Windmill Hill.[10]
Indicative of the prominence of its physical position, the tower served as one of the stations for the trigonometrical survey of the Moreton Bay district conducted by Robert Dixon, Granville Stapylton and James Warner from May 1839 in preparation for the area being opened to free settlement.[11]
In February 1836 the windmill tower was struck by lightning, causing severe damage throughout, including to the treadmill. A convict millwright was brought from Sydney in June for the repairs, which amounted to a major rebuild of the structure that was not completed until May 1837.[12] In April 1839, with the closure of the Moreton Bay penal settlement being planned, the windmill tower was one of the buildings recommended for transfer to the colony. This was approved in 1840-41 but it continued to sporadically process grain until 1845, when due to crop failure, a stagnant population and the availability of imported flour, it finally ceased being used. The penal settlement had officially closed in February 1842. The treadmill operated until 1845 and had been removed by October 1849[13].
The windmill tower in Brisbane is the oldest of its type left standing in Australia and further distinguished by having been built by convict labour. The earliest standing stone windmill towers extant around the country date from the 1830s and include: one built in 1837 in South Perth, Western Australia[14]; another built in the same year at Oatlands in Tasmania which operated until 1890[15]; and another built at Mount Gilead near Campbelltown in New South Wales in 1836[16]. Most were built to process grains into flour. Other surviving mill towers are the one built in 1842 by FR Nixon at Mount Barker in South Australia; Chapman's mill built around 1850 at Wonnerup in Western Australia[17], and another built at a similar time on an island in the Murray River near Yunderup in Western Australia[18]. None of the nineteen windmill towers that characterised the early settlement at Sydney have survived.[19] Technological developments, most particularly steam power which was more dependable than wind power or that generated by convict labour at a treadmill, rendered wind-driven mills largely redundant.
After the cessation of milling operations there were discussions about possible future use of Brisbane's windmill tower. In December 1849 the tower was put up for auction and bought by a government official who promptly sought tenders for removal of it and its machinery (the auction terms required it to be cleared away by three months after the sale).[20] Ownership of the place quickly reverted to the Crown because of a legal problem with the sale, but not before some dismantling had occurred.[21] In a January 1850 article the Moreton Bay Courier continued its appeal for the windmill not to be pulled down and secured by the town, arguing that aside from its landmark and picturesque qualities it was the ‘best fixed point for land measurement in the district'. In this vein the site was the most accessible viewing point for the picturesque landscape of Brisbane and its environs. Despite earlier calls to erase evidence of Brisbane's convict past, 'sentiment and pragmatism combined to override the detrimental taint of convictism' saving the tower from destruction. The sails were still in place in 1854 and appear in a painting of the windmill completed in 1855.[22]
By 1855 Brisbane was the leading Queensland port and it became important to establish signal stations to communicate shipping news between the entrance of the Brisbane River and the town, one of which was set up on Windmill Hill. This required modifications to the tower to include a semaphore station connected to the electric telegraph. Information on ships entering the river was converted to semaphore signals using flags hoisted on a mast erected on top of the tower. The renovations were undertaken by John Petrie in October 1861 to plans by colonial architect Charles Tiffin and included the removal of the windmill stocks or arms and wheels; the laying of floors on each storey; new doors and windows; a weatherproof floor on the top of the tower with an iron railing; a new winding staircase from bottom to top; repair of stone, brickwork and plastering; and the installation of a high flagstaff to fly signals.[23] The tower's renovation at this time also fitted it out as a public observatory and it became known by that term.[24] The following year it became the first home of the newly founded Queensland Museum; serving this purpose until 1868 when other accommodation was provided in the old convict barracks or parliamentary building on Queen Street.[25]
Petrie also installed a time ball on the tower to provide a reliable authority for regulating clocks and watches. It was dropped at one o'clock each day based on observations relayed by telegraph from Sydney. The time ball was replaced by a time gun in 1866, with an embankment and shed constructed to hold the gun in 1874. After 1882 the gun and shed were moved to the eastern section of the current reserve before the shed was demolished in 1908. The time gun proved useful to people as far away as Logan, Caboolture and Ipswich. The old gun was replaced in 1888 with another before a new electrically-controlled time ball was installed in 1894. This was associated with the legislated implementation of a single time throughout the colony, being designated as ten hours earlier than the mean time at Greenwich. Adjustments were made to the tower at this time to accommodate the new time ball. The roof was lowered and the flagstaff pared down.[26]
A cottage for the signalman was constructed in 1883 to the immediate west of the tower to plans prepared by Government Architect FDG Stanley and on part of the Waterworks reserve. Two years later a detached kitchen was also constructed behind it to the south of the tower. Use of the signal station was discontinued in 1921 by the state government, which then sought a new use for the structure and land. [27] Despite this the flagstaff remained in place until 1949. From January 1893 the Fire Brigade implemented a nightly observation post from a specially-constructed platform on top of the tower. This was used until around 1922.
The Commonwealth government assumed responsibility for the site in 1901 but control reverted to the state in 1908 when it was designated as an Observatory Reserve. In 1902 it had been connected to the Railway Telegraph Office at Roma Street so that the railways had the correct time for their operations. The evidence of historical photographs suggests that sometime between 1902 and 1912 the cabin at the top was increased in size.[28] The time ball remained in operation until 1930.
The site was placed under the trusteeship of the Brisbane City Council in 1922. The site of the cottage remained in the hands of the Waterworks Board and a boundary re-arrangement had to occur to allow its continued use in relation to the observatory. At this time the Queensland Institute of Radio Engineers began wireless radio and telephony research at the tower, and used the signalman's cottage to meet two nights a month. Apparatus to operate a wireless radio station was installed in 1926. The cottage was occupied on a more regular basis in order to reduce the risk of vandalism to the tower, but fell vacant. In 1926 the City Architect, AH Foster, proposed a plan for beautifying the observatory, which included removal of the cottage and adjacent sheds. The tender of Messrs Guyomar and Wright to remove the cottage, shed and outhouse for £60 was accepted.[29] At this time the stone and wrought iron wall along Wickham Terrace was erected. It was intended to add 'dignity to the historical reserve, and harmonise with the massive character of the Tower'.[30]
From 1924 Thomas Elliott installed equipment in the tower to undertake cutting-edge television research; he and Allen Campbell giving a demonstration from the site in 1934 which constituted Queensland's first television broadcast. It was considered by many at the time as the most outstanding achievement thus far in the history of television in Australia. They gained a license from the government and continued experimental broadcasting from the tower until about 1944.[31]
From 1945 the Brisbane City Council was considering suitable action to preserve the tower, which had become a popular visitor attraction. Some restoration work was carried out in 1950 on the advice of Frank Costello (then Officer in Charge of Planning and Building with the City Council), which included removal of old render and re-rendering the entire structure. It was at this time that the flagstaff was removed in preparation for making the open ground of the reserve 'a real park'. Certainly these conservation efforts considered the heritage value of the place as well as the public's use of it.
However by 1962 the windmill tower was again in poor condition. Floodlighting to enhance its appearance for tourists was undertaken for the first time during the Warana Festival five years later. In the early 1970s the Council and the National Trust of Queensland undertook detailed investigations regarding restoration and transfer of trusteeship from the council to the trust (the latter were abandoned in 1976). None of the original plans or any of the original windmill machinery parts could be located at that time. Based on these findings the National Trust formed the opinion that the building should be preserved in its present form and not reconstructed to its windmill form.
In 1982 City Council undertook some external maintenance work on the observation house or cabin, including replacement of deteriorated timber to the balcony and sills, and corrugated iron on the roof, and repair of the time ball and its mast (which was shortened by about 300 mm to remove some part affected by dry rot).[32]
In 1987 a consortium of companies involved in the construction of the Central Plaza office building offered to assist the Brisbane City Council with the conservation of the Windmill Tower. To inform this work a conservation study was undertaken by Allom Lovell Marquis-Kyle Architects, which also oversaw conservation work[33]. Preliminary archaeological investigations undertaken at this time identified the remains of the original flagstaff base which was reinstated.[34] The conserved Windmill Tower was opened by the Lord Mayor of Brisbane on 3 November 1988. A further archaeological investigation was carried out at the site in 1989-90 by a University of Queensland team, revealing clear stratigraphic layers datable to each of the key phases of use of the site.[35] In August 1993 further investigations of the fabric of the tower were undertaken to explore the extent of the footings and the nature of construction of the curb and cap frame. More conservation work was carried out in May 1996. [36]
In 2009 the Brisbane City Council received considerable funding to carry out restoration work of the windmill tower through the State Government's Q150 Connecting Brisbane project. It was intended that the structure be publically accessible to allow visitors to experience the view from its observation platform, a practice that has been commented on since the 1860s.[37] In 2008 - 2009 the Brisbane CBD Archaeological Plan assessed the area of the observatory reserve and a length of Wickham Terrace associated with it as having exceptional archaeological research potential because of the combination of its association with the penal settlement and the low level of ground disturbance that has occurred there since.[38]
The Tower Mill Hotel:
Spring Hill is Brisbane’s oldest suburb containing many of Brisbane’s oldest structures. Opposite the site of the Tower Mill Motel is the convict-built windmill tower dating from 1828 and nearby the town’s first purpose-built reservoirs dating from 1866.
Being close to the town centre, Spring Hill developed as the town developed with fashionable, more expensive houses on the ridgeline above Brisbane Town and cheaper housing on the lower slopes and gullies. As the town spread in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, newer suburbs further out attracted development and Spring Hill was, by the early twentieth century, crowded, a bit run-down and cheap. In the postwar era, as prosperity returned in the 1950s and 1960s, a wave of new development swept the city. Young professionals and artists were attracted to Spring Hill as it was close to the city centre and the suburb experienced somewhat of a revival and the beginnings of gentrification.
The increased frequency and affordability of international travel also had an impact as Australia became a destination and new international style hotels were built. In Brisbane, the traditional corner hotels lacked the facilities and accommodation standards required by the growing modern tourist market. In the 1960s a number of new hotels were built, with the Tower Mill Motel being one of the first and an outstanding example of the new modern international style.
The site of the motel was previously occupied by a doctor’s surgery in-keeping with the development of Wickham Street over time as the location of private hospitals and specialist clinics. The site was purchased by Chacewater Pty Ltd who applied in November 1964 to build a seventy unit motel designed by architect, Stephen Trotter, estimated to cost £285,000.
Stephen Trotter was born in Brisbane in 1930 and trained in the offices of Mervyn Rylance and Fulton and Collin. He gained a Diploma of Architecture (Qld) in 1954 and became a registered architect in 1955. He started in practice as an associate of Fulton and Collin in 1958. His time with Mervyn Rylance, who specialized in Old English designs, instilled in Trotter a desire to design buildings that responded to the sub-tropical climate of Brisbane. In 1962 John Gillmour, Stephen Trotter and Graham Boys became partners in the firm. Influenced by the new international styles being constructed overseas and the new engineering technologies being developed after the war, Stephen Trotter successfully applied for a Royal Australian Institute of Architects (RAIA) Sisalkraft Scholarship in 1962. His application included the design of the Tower Mill Motel in his portfolio of works as an indication of his desire to study design responses to climatic conditions. Trotter’s whirlwind three-month tour of the world resulted in a study entitled “Cities in the Sun” which identified the elements of design relating to hot, dry; hot wet, warm wet and warm dry climates in the subcontinent, Persia, Oceania, South America, North America and Europe.
The Tower Mill Motel features a striking circular form, distinctive concrete sun-shading and a restaurant on the top floor. The circular form and roof detailing mirror the circular form and detailing of the diminutive historic windmill tower across the road. Embracing the new design technologies of the international style, the Tower Mill Motel features expressed concrete floor plates and columns and concrete awnings shading the full height glazed walls. It is completely different from the international style hotels being built in the city at this time which, although featuring curtain walls and full height glazing, generally adhered to a rectangular footprint and identical room layouts.
Stephen Trotter remained as a partner of Fulton, Collin, Boys, Gilmour and Trotter until 1999. During this period he taught architecture at the Queensland Institute of Technology (QIT now QUT), instilling an understanding of the importance of the environment and energy efficiency in building design to a generation of architecture students. As well as lecturing at QIT for nineteen years, Trotter was involved in the Queensland Chapter of the Australian Institute of Architects for a number of years. Trotter retired from Fulton Trotter in 1999, however his sons Mark and Paul are now directors. Stephen Trotter also made an outstanding contribution to the University of Queensland residential college, International House, for over sixty years and he was made a Fellow in November 2011. Stephen Trotter passed away on 30 July 2015, aged 84.
The Tower Mill Motel was completed in 1964 and went on to become a destination for overseas visitors.
The outstanding innovative design of the Tower Mill Motel, not only is a unique example of a 1960s cyclindrical building that is sensitively designed to respond to the site and climate. The hotel was subdivided for 107 strata titled units in December 2002 with some being sold into private ownership and some being retained for use as hotel rooms. A recent change in ownership has seen the purchase of a number of private units to facilitate the return of the whole building to use as a hotel.
Source: Queensland Heritage Register & Brisbane City Council Heritage Register.
Temple Island on the River Thames, about 2 km from Henley on Thames.
The Temple is a folly, built in 1771 and is currently owned by Henley Royal Regatta.
Twenty minute exposure using stacked ND1000 and ND64 filters.
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Porta Ticinese (formerly known as Porta Cicca, and during Napoleonic rule as Porta Marengo) is a former city gate. The gate, facing south-west, was first created with the Spanish walls of the city, in the 16th century, but the original structure was later demolished and replaced in the early 19th century. The name "Porta Ticinese" is used both to refer to the gate proper and to the surrounding district, part of the Zone 6 administrative division. In the same district there is also a homonymous medieval gate, although in common speech the name "Porta Ticinese is usually assumed to refer to the 19th century gate. The gate of Porta Ticinese is one of the landmark buildings of Milan and a popular tourist attraction.The name "Porta Ticinese" means "Gate to the Ticino", referred to the Ticino river, that traverses the Po Valley south-west of Milan. The name "Porta Cicca" came about during the Spanish rule of Milan in the 16th century, "Cicca" being a distortion of the Spanish word chica, i.e., "small". The name "Porta Marengo", which was used in the 19th century, refers to the village of Marengo located south-west of Milan, now called Spinetta Marengo, scene of the Battle of Marengo between the French army commanded by Napoleon and an Austrian army.
Современные ворота порта-Тичинезе вдоль внутренней дороги на площади Пьяцца-Венти-Кватро-Маджио, были построены относительно недавно, между 1801 и 1814 годами во время наполеоновской эры Милана ("известные... во время правления Наполеона как порта Маренго...город Маренго...расположен к юго-западу от Милана"). Внутренняя Кольцевая дорога прослеживает путь городских стен 16-го века, построенных во время правления над Миланом испанских Габсбургов (отсюда известные как испанские стены. Старые ворота для испанской стены здесь были разрушены, когда были возведены эти новые ворота.