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The Cincinnati Museum Center at Union Terminal, originally Cincinnati Union Terminal, is a mixed-use complex in the Queensgate neighborhood of Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. Once a major passenger train station, it went into sharp decline during the postwar decline of railroad travel. Most of the building was converted to other uses, and now houses museums, theaters, and a library, as well as special travelling exhibitions. Since 1991, it has been used as a train station once again.
Built in 1933, it is a monumental example of Art Deco architecture, for which it was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1977.
Cincinnati was a major center of railroad traffic in the late 19th and early 20th century, especially as an interchange point between railroads serving the Northeastern and Midwestern states with railroads serving the South. However, intercity passenger traffic was split among no fewer than five stations in Downtown Cincinnati, requiring the many travelers who changed between railroads to navigate local transit themselves. The Louisville and Nashville Railroad, which operated through sleepers with other railroads, was forced to split its operations between two stations. Proposals to construct a union station began as early as the 1890s, and a committee of railroad executives formed in 1912 to begin formal studies on the subject, but a final agreement between all seven railroads that served Cincinnati and the city itself would not come until 1928, after intense lobbying and negotiations, led by Philip Carey Company president George Crabbs. The seven railroads: the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad; the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railway; the Louisville and Nashville Railroad; the Norfolk and Western Railway; the Pennsylvania Railroad; and the Southern Railway selected a site for their new station in the West End, near the Mill Creek.
The principal architects of the massive building were Alfred T. Fellheimer and Steward Wagner, with architects Paul Philippe Cret and Roland Wank brought in as design consultants; Cret is often credited as the building's architect, as he was responsible for the building's signature Art Deco style. The Rotunda features the largest semi-dome in the western hemisphere, measuring 180 feet (55 m) wide and 106 feet (32 m) high.
The Union Terminal Company was created to build the terminal, railroad lines in and out, and other related transportation improvements. Construction in 1928 with the regrading of the east flood plain of the Mill Creek to a point nearly level with the surrounding city, a massive effort that required 5.5 million cubic yards of landfill. Other improvements included the construction of grade separated viaducts over the Mill Creek and the railroad approaches to Union Terminal. The new viaducts the Union Terminal Company created to cross the Mill Creek valley ranged from the well built, like the Western Hills Viaduct, to the more hastily constructed and shabby, like the Waldvogel Viaduct. Construction on the terminal building itself began in 1931, with Cincinnati mayor Russell Wilson laying the mortar for the cornerstone. Construction was finished ahead of schedule, although the terminal welcomed its first trains even earlier on March 19, 1933 when it was forced into emergency operation due to flooding of the Ohio River. The official opening of the station was on March 31, 1933. The total cost of the project was $41.5 million.
During its heyday as a passenger rail facility, Cincinnati Union Terminal had a capacity of 216 trains per day, 108 in and 108 out. Three concentric lanes of traffic were included in the design of the building, underneath the main rotunda of the building: one for taxis, one for buses, and one (although never used) for streetcars. However, the time period in which the terminal was built was one of decline for train travel. By 1939, local newspapers were already describing the station as a white elephant. While it had a brief revival in the 1940s, because of World War II, it declined in use through the 1950s into the 1960s.
After the creation of Amtrak in 1971, train service at Cincinnati Union Terminal was reduced to just two trains a day, the George Washington and the James Whitcomb Riley. Amtrak abandoned Cincinnati Union Terminal the next year, opening a smaller station elsewhere in the city on October 29, 1972.
Credit for the data above is given to the following website:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati_Museum_Center_at_Union_T...
A transmission spectrum made from a single observation using Webb’s Near-Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) reveals atmospheric characteristics of the hot gas giant exoplanet WASP-96 b.
A transmission spectrum is made by comparing starlight filtered through a planet’s atmosphere as it moves across the star, to the unfiltered starlight detected when the planet is beside the star. Each of the 141 data points (white circles) on this graph represents the amount of a specific wavelength of light that is blocked by the planet and absorbed by its atmosphere.
In this observation, the wavelengths detected by NIRISS range from 0.6 microns (red) to 2.8 microns (in the near-infrared). The amount of starlight blocked ranges from about 13,600 parts per million (1.36 percent) to 14,700 parts per million (1.47 percent).
Researchers are able to detect and measure the abundances of key gases in a planet’s atmosphere based on the absorption pattern—the locations and heights of peaks on the graph: each gas has a characteristic set of wavelengths that it absorbs. The temperature of the atmosphere can be calculated based in part on the height of the peaks: a hotter planet has taller peaks. Other characteristics, like the presence of haze and clouds, can be inferred based on the overall shape of different portions of the spectrum.
The gray lines extending above and below each data point are error bars that show the uncertainty of each measurement, or the reasonable range of actual possible values. For a single observation, the error on these measurements is remarkably small.
The blue line is a best-fit model that takes into account the data, the known properties of WASP-96 b and its star (e.g., size, mass, temperature), and assumed characteristics of the atmosphere. Researchers can vary the parameters in the model – changing unknown characteristics like cloud height in the atmosphere and abundances of various gases – to get a better fit and further understand what the atmosphere is really like. The difference between the best-fit model shown here and the data simply reflects the additional work to be done in analysing and interpreting the data and the planet.
Although full analysis of the spectrum will take additional time, it is possible to draw a number of preliminary conclusions. The labelled peaks in the spectrum indicate the presence of water vapour. The height of the water peaks, which is less than expected based on previous observations, is evidence for the presence of clouds that suppress the water vapor features. The gradual downward slope of the left side of the spectrum (shorter wavelengths) is indicative of possible haze. The height of the peaks along with other characteristics of the spectrum is used to calculate an atmospheric temperature of about 1350°F (725°C).
This is the most detailed infrared exoplanet transmission spectrum ever collected, the first transmission spectrum that includes wavelengths longer than 1.6 microns at such high resolution and accuracy, and the first to cover the entire wavelength range from 0.6 microns (visible red light) to 2.8 microns (near-infrared) in a single shot. The speed with which researchers have been able to make confident interpretations of the spectrum is further testament to the quality of the data.
The observation was made using NIRISS’s Single-Object Slitless Spectroscopy (SOSS) mode, which involves capturing the spectrum of a single bright object, like the star WASP-96, in a field of view.
WASP-96 b is a hot gas giant exoplanet that orbits a Sun-like star roughly 1,150 light years away, in the constellation Phoenix. The planet orbits extremely close to its star (less than 1/20th the distance between Earth and the Sun) and completes one orbit in less than 3½ Earth-days. The planet’s discovery, based on ground-based observations, was announced in 2014. The star, WASP-96, is somewhat older than the Sun, but is about the same size, mass, temperature, and colour.
The background illustration of WASP-96 b and its star is based on current understanding of the planet from both NIRISS spectroscopy and previous ground- and space-based observations. Webb has not captured a direct image of the planet or its atmosphere.
NIRISS was contributed by the Canadian Space Agency. The instrument was designed and built by Honeywell in collaboration with the Université de Montréal and the National Research Council Canada.
Get the full array of Webb’s first images and spectra, including downloadable files, here.
Credits: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Webb ERO Production Team
This VanDyke Brown print was made from a digital negative, and used the classic VanDyke Brown chemicals. The image is 5x7 inches (approx B6 size) made on 8x10 (approx A4) Bergger COT 320 paper. The digital negative was made using a hand adjusted curve based on Peter Mrhrar and his free Easy Digital Negative (EDN) process. The digital negative was printed using a Canon Pixma Pro-100 printer and generic inkjet transparency medium. The print was exposed in a home made enclosure containing ten 15-watt UV tubes.
dried flower arrangements and still life: Edeltraud Hedbavny
Weaver`s shuttle: made of the cardboard box from the file shredder, that I used for shredding the napkin.
Easter Remains 2014 / Upcycling an Easter Serviette
Part of: "Schmuck Objekte weben weaving jewellery Tapestry to Wear Tapisserie zum Anziehen - upcycling recycling" // "My Memory-Photograph-Album" // "aquarius" - Aquarium
Diptychon:
DMC-G2 - P1790603 - 2014-05-04
DMC-G2 - P1790604 - 2014-05-04
Uses for Left: Marine hat, French Revolutionary torso, German legs
Uses for Right: Matt Baker from Brothers in Arms: Hell's Highway
Studio equipment used:
1 light source - Elinchrom ELC Pro HD 1000, key light with Indirect Litemotiv 190см light modifier placed left to the model.
2 light sources - Elinchrom ELC Pro HD 500 fill lights with 60х90 Strip Boxes on the right side behind the model.
The whole scene was syncronized with Elinchrome EL Skyport remote used on camera.
White paper background behind the model + foldable V-Flat / black & white (used black side which was placed on the left side behind the model) - approx 1...1,5 meters behind the model.
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Darya only agrees to make fashion style photoshots. She is a professional model, owner of a kids model school and a very positive and open person.
Everytime I'm shooting her, I'm astonished how easy to work with her. There is no need to guide her - she catches straight any ideas and photographer must only give a general explanation on final result, to perform absolutely the best.
The session usually lasts for 2 hours, and some girls starts to repeat their poses after the 1st hour. Darya is so creative and professional, that the time flies with her like a blink of an eye. You start shooting and a moment after, you have 500+ photos on camera, you're happy and know that every second shot is a killer one.
She is the great example of what professional model is capable of. Some photographers say that a good photoshot mostly depends on the skills of photographer. I think opposite and state that 90% of a good portrait depends on a model. In case of Darya it's close to 99.99%.
BACKSTAGE: www.instagram.com/p/CiqFYrJDkM9/
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Md: Darya
Ph & retouch: mine
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Date: September 11, 2022
Camera: Sony a7 iii (ILCE7M3)
Lens: Carl Zeiss Batis 85mm f/1.8
Exposure: 1/200 at f/3.5, 85mm, ISO 100
Constructed between 1847 and 1849 by the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway, (MS&LR - later became the Great Central), this is Torksey railway Viaduct, which crosses the River Trent between Lincolnshire & Nottinghamshire, roughly half way between Lincoln and Gainsborough. Designed by John Fowler (1817-1898), who later was one of the two engineers for the Forth Rail Bridge, Torksey Viaduct is a rare, and early surviving example of a tubular girder bridge.
There are two 130-foot spans over the River Trent, each consisting of two massive wrought iron girders - as seen here.
These are supported on stone piers - one in the centre and one at each side. On the Lincolnshire side is a 570-foot approach viaduct of 20 spans, and the bridge proper starts over a small natural island in the river. The position of the Bridge was chosen to use this island to simplify the task.
Captain Lintorn Simmons, the Board of Trade’s inspector, refused to grant permission for the viaduct to be opened, having “entertained doubts as to the ultimate security” of the bridge. After much argument, Fowler, supported by the Engineering profession, won the day, and the first train passed over in April 1850.
The bridge was twice strengthened - in 1877 & 1897, because increasing traffic and train loads. A conventional steel lattice girder (again, seen in this photograph) was inserted centrally into both main spans in the 1897 works, whilst the northern girders were moved out to maintain track clearances.
The "Leverton Branch", as this line (which ran between Sykes Junction near Lincoln and Clarborough, just West of Gainsborough), was known, was closed on November 3rd 1959, with Lincoln-Sheffield trains taking the only slightly less direct route through Gainsborough Lea Road. However, the line to the West of the Trent was reinstated in 1969 to serve the new power station at Cottam's need for coal, whilst on the Lincolnshire side, the line was run from Sykes Junction to the Shell petrol depot at Torksey. Only the viaduct itself remained closed.
The Oil traffic ceased in the late 1980s, and the track is now all lifted (and the road bridge on the Gainsborough-Lincoln road was removed).
Until the early 1990s it was possible the walk across the viaduct - this was no longer possible by the 1990s as the track bed had been removed on the bridge itself, and that part was fenced off. Happily, this was resolved during the las 12 months. The cycling and footpath charity Sustrans have installed the required safety fencing and reinstated the bridge bed on the North side. There is now a fine footpath over the impressive bridge to the riverbank on the Western (Nottinghamshire) side of the river. This shot shows the (still without a track bed) South side of the bridge.
The viaduct is rightly covered by a Grade II* listing but worryingly, also features on English Heritage's Buildings at Risk register.
Camera: Nikon F5
Lens: Nikkor 28-80mm zoom
Film: Kodak Ektar 100
Using the PowerShot SX150 IS on Christmas Eve, I managed to capture this shot of the moon during the fog while walking the dog.
Using some stolen power from BNSF is NS train DK02-16, a transfer from KCS's Knoche Yard to NS's Avondale Yard, sneaking up to Olive St. in Kansas City, MO. This Ex-ATSF GP39-2 and BNSF GP38AC pair had come off of a transfer from BNSF to NS, and for whatever for reason, NS decided to use them for their transfer to KCS instead of giving them back. 10/16/15.
Edited using Pixelmator Pro
Thanks for the comments, faves and visits
Camera: BMPCC 6K
Lens: Canon EF-S 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6 IS USM
To see more of my HDR and 4K videos please see my Video Website: vimeo.com/randyherring
One of the main characteristics of the Tule tree is that in it the inhabitants of the town have found different types of figures such as: the head of the deer, the head of the lion, an elephant, crocodile, among many other figures. The age of this majestic tree is unknown but according to studies it is estimated that it is more than two thousand years old.
Boys and girls from the town of Santa María el Tule, will be able to give us a guide to the "figures" (whimsical forms of the tree itself that the locals have baptized with the names of animals, people, poses of the human form, etc.) that we can visualize in the majestic tree.
Runa Photography © 2013
© All rights reserved, don´t use this image without my permission
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En geografía, una cuenca endorreica es un área en la que el agua no tiene salida fluvial hacia el océano. El término tiene raíces griegas, endo, "interior" y rhein, "fluir". Cualquier lluvia o precipitación que caiga en una cuenca endorreica permanece allí, abandonando el sistema únicamente por infiltración o evaporación, lo cual contribuye a la concentración de sales. En las cuencas endorreicas en las que la evaporación es mayor que la alimentación, los lagos salados han desaparecido y se forman salares. Las cuencas endorreicas también son denominados sistemas de drenaje interno.
En zonas de mayor pluviosidad, el agua se acumulará inicialmente en la depresión rodeada por colinas, en la medida en que el nivel se va elevando, podrá alcanzar el punto más bajo de estas colinas circundantes, y comenzar a salir agua superficialmente en este punto, creando un surco, que podrá evolucionar hasta transformarse en un río. En la medida en que este "surco" se va profundizando, el nivel inicial del lago se ira también reduciendo, hasta crearse un nuevo equilibrio. De esta forma una cuenca endorreica, en tiempos geológicos, se puede ir conectando con otras, y finalmente llegar hasta el mar, en cuyo caso dejará de ser endorreica. Este proceso se puede observar muy claramente en el sistema endorreico del altiplano boliviano-peruano. En efecto, las oscilaciones del nivel del lago Titicaca, en tiempos geológicos, e incluso en tiempos históricos, es determinada por la capacidad del río Desaguadero, el cual corriendo por un valle donde pueden ocurrir deslizamientos de tierra, que obstruyen parcialmente el río, limitando su capacidad de evacuar las aguas del lago Titicaca hacia el lago Poopó. Prueba de esto es que en la década de los 90 se han encontrado ruinas sumergidas de la cultura Tiahuanaco, en la Isla del Sol.
Fuente: wikipedia
I used photo manipulation to make a picture of space and ships. I made this because I love scifi and space. For this project I used photoshop and various photos from google. For most of the picture I used layer masks, and photoshop layer effects and opacity settings.
PGB Photographer & Creative - © 2023 Philip Romeyn - Phillostar Gone Ballistic 2021 - Photo may not be edited from its original form. Commercial use is prohibited without contacting me.
Using the self-timer function while walking away along the beach at North Myrtle Beach this week. Walking Away #1 can be viewed here; www.flickr.com/photos/40084825@N07/5421835750/
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To the uninformed, this looks like an empty parking lot. But, should you look up, you'll see this sign at would be 3025 Broadway proclaiming this is actually a used car lot...minus the car of course.
Prints of this picture are available at:
signsalongtheway.smugmug.com/Automotive/Automotive/227859...