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Bombacaceae (baobab family) » Ceiba pentandra
SAY-buh -- Latinized form of the South American name for this tree
pen-TAN-druh -- bearing five stamens
commonly known as: true kapok tree, white silk cotton tree • Bengali: schwetsimul • Gujarati: સફેદ શીમળો safed shimlo • Hindi: सफेद सावरा safed savara, सफेद सेमुल safed semul, शाल्मलि shalmali • Malayalam: പഞ്ഞിമരം panjimaram, ശീമപ്പൂള siimappuula • Marathi: पांढरी सावर pandhari savar, सफेत सावरा safeta savara • Sanskrit: श्वेत शालमली shweta shalmali • Tamil: பஞ்சித்தணக்கு panji tannaku, ல்மலி shalmali • Telugu: తెల్ల బూరుగ tella buruga • Urdu: سيمل semal, شالملي shalmali
Native to: tropical America
References: Dave's Garden • Zipcode Zoo • Mytho-Fleurs • M.M.N.P.D.
Arecaceae (palm family) » Elaeis guineensis
el-LEE-iss -- from the Greek elaia (olive); refers to the olives / olive oil used commercially
gin-ee-EN-sis -- of or from Guinea, West Africa
commonly known as: African oil palm, macaw fat • Arabic: nakhlet ez zayt • Burmese: si htan, si ohn • Chinese: you zong • Danish: oliepalme • Finnish: öljypalmu • French: palmier à huile d'Afrique • German: Afrikanische ölpalme • Indonesian: kelapa sawit • Italian: palma avoira, palma da olio, palma oleaginosa africana • Japanese: abura yashi • Malay: kelapa sawit • Maori (Cook Islands): nu tamara • Pohnpeian: apwiraiasi • Portuguese (Brazil): caiaué, dendê, dendezeiro, palmera dendém • Portuguese: palmeira andim, palmeira do azeite, palmeira do dendê • Russian: gvineiskaia, maslichnaia pal'ma, pal'ma maslichnaia • Spanish: corojo de Guinea, palma africana, palma oleaginosa Africana, palmera de aceite • Swahili: mchikichi, miwesi, mjenga • Swedish: oljepalm • Thai: paam nam man
Native of: tropical Africa; naturalized in Sri Lanka, Malesia; widely cultivated in tropics
References: PIER • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D.
Cucurbitaceae (pumpkin, or gourd family) » Trichosanthes cucumerina
try-kos-ANTH-us -- from the Greek trichos (hairy) and anthos (flowers)
koo-KOO-may-ree-nuh -- related to cucumber - from the Greek kykyon
the wild variety cucumerina, commonly known as: wild snake gourd • Hindi: जंगली चिचोण्डा jangli chichonda, कड़वा परवर kadva parvar, pudel • Marathi: जंगली पडवल jungli padwal, कडू पडवळ kadu padwal, पडोळ padol • Sanskrit: पटोल patola • Tamil: காட்டுப்பேய்ப்புடல் kattuppeypputal • Telugu: అడవిపొట్ల adavipotla
the cultivated variety anguina, commonly known as: long tomato, serpent cucumber, snake gourd, snake tomato, viper gourd • Bengali: চিচিঙা chichinga, চিচিঙে chichinge • Gujarati: પંડોળું pandolu • Hindi: चिचिण्डा chichinda • Kannada: ಪಡವಲ ಕಾಯಿ paduvalakaayi • Konkani: पोड्डाळे poddale • Malayalam: ജ്യോത്സ്നി jyoothsni, പടവലങ്ങ patavalanga, തിക്തകം thikthakam • Marathi: कडूपडवळ kadupadval, पडवल or पडवळ padwal, पडोळ padol • Oriya: chachindra • Punjabi: ਗਾਲਰ ਤੌਰੀ galar tori, ਪੰਡੋਲ or ਪੰਦੋਲ pandol • Sanskrit: चिचिण्डकः chichindakah • Tamil: புடல் putal • Telugu: పొట్లకాయ potlakaaya • Urdu: چچنڐا cicinda
Native of: s China, Indian subcontinent, Malesia, n Australia
References: Flowers of India • Wikipedia • M.M.P.N.D. • DDSA
Cucurbitaceae (pumpkin, or gourd family) » Coccinia grandis
kok-SIN-ee-uh -- meaning, red; often spelled coccinea
GRAN-dees or GRAN-dis -- meaning, large or spectacular
commonly known as: ivy gourd • Hindi: कुन्द्रू kunduru • Konkani: तेंडलें tendale • Malayalam: kova • Marathi: तेंडली tendali, तोंडली tondli • Tamil: கோவை kovai • Telugu: bimbika, donda
Native to: Africa, Asia and Australia
References: Flowers of India • TopTropicals • Wikipedia • Dave's Garden • M.M.P.N.D.
Apocynaceae (dogbane family) » Holarrhena pubescens
ho-lar-REN-uh -- unsure of pronunciation, refers to its prolific flowering trait
pew-BES-senz or pub-ess-ens -- meaning, downy or short haired
commonly known as: bitter oleander, cavessi bark, common holarrhena, coneru, conessi bark, dysentery rose bay, easter tree, ivory tree, kurchi bark, Tellicherry bark, white angel • Assamese: dhulkari, dudkhuri • Bengali: kurchi, কুটজ kutaja • Gujarati: drowda, kudakari • Hindi: कडवा इंद्रजव karva indrajau, kurchi, कुटज kutaja • Kannada: koodsaloo, korchie • Konkani: कुडॉ kudo • Malayalam: കുടകപ്പാല kutakappaala • Marathi: इंद्रजव indrajav, kodaga, kodaga pala, कुटज kutaja, पांढरा कुडा pandhra kuda • Oriya: kherwa, korwa, kurwa, pitakorwa • Punjabi: keor, kewar • Sanskrit: इंद्रयव indrayava, कुटज kutaja, sakraparyaaya, sakraasana, vatsaka • Tamil: கிரிமல்லிகை kirimllikai, குடசப்பாலை kutaca-p-palai, மலைமல்லிகை mlaimllikai • Telugu: గిరిమల్లిక girimallika, కొడిసెపాల kodisepala, కోలముక్కు kolamukku, కొండమల్లె kondamalle, కుటజము kutajamu
Native to: tropical areas of Africa and Asia
Named "easter tree" probably because this small deciduous tree blooms during Easter, the mild fragrant white flowers are used in floral decoration of churches.
References: M.M.P.N.D. • Flowers of Sahyadri • बहर
Myrtaceae (Myrtle family) » Syzygium cumini
siz-ZY-gee-um -- from the Greek syzygos (joined), referring to the paired leaves
KOO-min-ee -- from the Greek kyminon (cumin)
commonly known as: black plum, damson plum, duhat plum, Indian blackberry, jambolan, jambolan plum, Java plum, Malabar plum, Portuguese plum • Assamese: জামু jamu, ক'লা জামু kala jamu • Bengali: kala jam • Gujarati: જાંબુ jaambu • Hindi: जामुन jamun • Jaintia: dieng sohthongum • Kannada: ನೇರಳೆ nerale • Khasi: dieng ramai • Konkani: जांबुळ jambul • Malayalam: കാട്ടുചാമ്പ kaattucaampa, ഞാവല് njaaval, ഞാറ njaara, പെരിഞാറ perinjaara • Manipuri: gulamchat, jam • Marathi: जांबूळ jambool • Mizo: hmuipui • Nepalese: जामुनु jamunu, फँड़िर् phanrir • Oriya: jamkoli • Pali: जम्बु jambu • Prakrit: जम्वुलो jambulo, जम्मुलो jammulo • Punjabi: ਜਾਮਣ jaman • Sanskrit: जम्बुलः jambulah, मेघमोदिनी meghamodini • Tamil: கொட்டைநாகம் kottai-nakam, நாவல் naval • Telugu: నేరేడు neredu • Tibetan: dzam-bu • Urdu: جامن jaman
Native to: India and Indonesia
References: Flowers of India • Top Tropicals • Dave's Garden • M.M.P.N.D. • DDSA
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus virens
FY-kus or FIK-us -- from the Latin for fig
VEER-enz -- meaning, green
commonly known as: grey fig, Java fig, Java willow, sour fig, spotted fig, strangler fig, wavy-leaved fig tree, white fig • Assamese: pakori • Bengali: পাকুড় pakar • Gujarati: પેપરી pepri • Hindi: कमण्डल kamandal, पाकड़ paakar, पाकड़िया paakariya, पर्कटी parkati, पीतन pitan, पिलखन pilkhan, प्लक्ष plaksh, प्लव plav, रामअञ्जीर ramanjir • Jaintia: dieng chiri • Kannada: ಬಸರಿಮರ basarimara, ಕರಿಬಸರಿ karibasari • Khasi: dieng sohpoklaw • Malayalam: ചെറള cherala • Manipuri: চিঙ হৈবোঙ ching heibong • Marathi: लघुपिंपरी laghupimpri, पायर payar, पाईर paiir • Nepalese: safed kabra • Oriya: jari • Punjabi: jangli pipli, palakh, pilkhan • Sanskrit: भिदुरः bhidura, दृढप्रारोहः dridapraroha, हृस्वपर्ण hrasvaparna, जाती jati, मङ्गलछायः mangalachaya, पर्कटी parkati, पीतन pitan, प्लक्षः plaksha, प्लवकः plavaka, शुङ्गिन् shungin,, यवः yavha • Tamil: சிற்றால் chirral, சுவி chuvi, இத்தி itti, கல்லால் kallal, குருக்கத்தி kurukkaththi • Telugu: జువ్వి zuvvi • Urdu: پاکڙيا paakariya
Native to: south China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, Malesia, north Australia
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • eFlora • ENVIS - FRLHT • M.M.P.N.D.
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Cucurbitaceae (pumpkin, or gourd family) » Trichosanthes cucumerina
try-kos-ANTH-us -- from the Greek trichos (hairy) and anthos (flowers)
koo-KOO-may-ree-nuh -- meaning, related to cucumber - from the Greek kykyon
commonly known as: wild snake gourd • Hindi: जंगली चिचोण्डा jangli chichonda, कड़वा परवर kadva parvar, pudel • Kannada: paduvalakaayi • Malayalam: padavalanga • Marathi: जंगली पडवल jungli padwal, कडू पडवळ kadu padwal, पडोळ padol • Sanskrit: पटोल patola • Tamil: காட்டுப்பேய்ப்புடல் kattuppeypputal • Telugu: అడవిపొట్ల adavipotla, potlakaaya
References: Flowers of India • Wikipedia • M.M.P.N.D.
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus elastica
FY-kus or FIK-us -- from the Latin for fig
ee-LASS-tih-kuh -- meaning, stretchable, rubbery, referring to latex sap
commonly known as: Assam rubber tree, caoutchoue tree, Indian rubber tree, karet tree, ornamental rubber tree, rambong, rubber fig, rubber plant, rubber tree • Assamese: অথা বৰ athabor • Kannada: ರಬ್ಬರ್ ಮರ rabbar mara • Khasi: diengjri • Konkani: रबराचो वड rabracho vad • Malayalam: ഇന്ത്യന് റബ്ബര് inthyan rabbar • Tamil: சீமையால் cimaiyal • Telugu: రబ్బరు rabbara, సాగుబంక segubanka
Native to: Indian subcontinent, Myanmar, Malesia; widely cultivated
References: Flowers of India • TopTropicals • Dave's Garden • M.M.P.N.D. • DDSA
Myrtaceae (Myrtle family) » Syzygium cumini
siz-ZY-gee-um -- from the Greek syzygos (joined), referring to the paired leaves
KOO-min-ee -- from the Greek kyminon (cumin)
commonly known as: black plum, damson plum, duhat plum, Indian blackberry, jambolan, jambolan plum, Java plum, Malabar plum, Portuguese plum • Assamese: জামু jamu, ক'লা জামু kala jamu • Bengali: kala jam • Gujarati: જાંબુ jaambu • Hindi: जामुन jamun • Jaintia: dieng sohthongum • Kannada: ನೇರಳೆ nerale • Khasi: dieng ramai • Konkani: जांबुळ jambul • Malayalam: കാട്ടുചാമ്പ kaattucaampa, ഞാവല് njaaval, ഞാറ njaara, പെരിഞാറ perinjaara • Manipuri: gulamchat, jam • Marathi: जांबूळ jambool • Mizo: hmuipui • Nepalese: जामुनु jamunu, फँड़िर् phanrir • Oriya: jamkoli • Pali: जम्बु jambu • Prakrit: जम्वुलो jambulo, जम्मुलो jammulo • Punjabi: ਜਾਮਣ jaman • Sanskrit: जम्बुलः jambulah, मेघमोदिनी meghamodini • Tamil: கொட்டைநாகம் kottai-nakam, நாவல் naval • Telugu: నేరేడు neredu • Tibetan: dzam-bu • Urdu: جامن jaman
Native to: India and Indonesia
References: Flowers of India • Top Tropicals • Dave's Garden • M.M.P.N.D. • DDSA
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus virens
FY-kus or FIK-us -- from the Latin for fig
VEER-enz -- green
commonly known as: grey fig, Java fig, Java willow, sour fig, spotted fig, strangler fig, wavy-leaved fig tree, white fig • Assamese: pakori • Bengali: পাকুড় pakar • Gujarati: પેપરી pepri • Hindi: कमण्डल kamandal, पाकड़ paakar, पाकड़िया paakariya, पर्कटी parkati, पीतन pitan, पिलखन pilkhan, प्लक्ष plaksh, प्लव plav, रामअञ्जीर ramanjir • Jaintia: dieng chiri • Kannada: ಬಸರಿಮರ basarimara, ಕರಿಬಸರಿ karibasari • Khasi: dieng sohpoklaw • Malayalam: ചെറള cherala • Manipuri: চিঙ হৈবোঙ ching heibong • Marathi: लघुपिंपरी laghupimpri, पायर payar, पाईर paiir • Nepalese: safed kabra • Oriya: jari • Punjabi: jangli pipli, palakh, pilkhan • Sanskrit: भिदुरः bhidura, दृढप्रारोहः dridapraroha, हृस्वपर्ण hrasvaparna, जाती jati, मङ्गलछायः mangalachaya, पर्कटी parkati, पीतन pitan, प्लक्षः plaksha, प्लवकः plavaka, शुङ्गिन् shungin, यवः yavha • Tamil: சிற்றால் chirral, சுவி chuvi, இத்தி itti, கல்லால் kallal, குருக்கத்தி kurukkaththi • Telugu: జువ్వి zuvvi • Urdu: پاکڙيا paakariya
Native to: south China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, Malesia, north Australia
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • eFlora • ENVIS - FRLHT • M.M.P.N.D.
Common name: White Silk Cotton Tree, True Kapok Tree, {Schwetsimul, Setsimul (Bengali)} {Safed Semul सफेद सेमुल, Safed savara सफेद सावरा (Hindi)}, Safeta savara सफेत सावरा (Marathi), Shweta shalmali श्वेत शालमली (Sanskrit), {Panji tannaku பஞ்சித்தணக்கு, Shalmali ல்மலி (Tamil)}, Tella buruga (Telugu), Sambal (Urdu)
Botanical name: Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.
- [ (SAY-buh) latinized form of the South American name for this tree; (pen-TAN-druh) five stamens ]
Synonyms: Bombax guineensis Schum. & Thonn. • Bombax occidentale Spreng. • Bombax orientale Spreng. • Bombax pentandrum L. • Ceiba caribaea (DC.) A. Chev. • Ceiba guineensis (Schum. & Thonn.) A. Chev. • Ceiba occidentalis (Spreng.) Burkill • Ceiba thonningii A. Chev. • Eriodendron anfractuosum DC. • Eriodendron caribaeum G. Don • Eriodendron guineense G. Don & Thonn. • Eriodendron orientale Kostel • Eriodendron pentandrum (L.) Kurz • Xylon pentandrum (L.) Kuntze
Family: Bombacaceae (baobab family)
Origin: Tropical America
Ceiba is the name of a genus of many species of large trees found in tropical areas, including Mexico, Central and South America, The Bahamas, the Caribbean, West Africa, and Southeast Asia.
Some species can grow to 70 meters tall or more, with a straight, largely branchless trunk that culminates in a huge, spreading canopy, and "buttress" roots that can be taller than a grown man.
The best-known, and most widely cultivated, species is Kapok, Ceiba pentandra.
Ceiba should not be confused with the vernacular name ceibo (Erythrina crista-galli), the national tree of Argentina and Uruguay.
Ceiba is also the national tree of both Guatemala and Puerto Rico.
Courtesy:
- EcoPort
- Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database
Note: Identification or description may not be accurate; it is subject to your review.
Click on image to enlarge.
Contributor.author: Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works
Date issued: 1960
Scale: 1:9600
Suburbs: Surrey Hills, Box Hill South, Blackburn South, Forest Hill, Vermont, Wantirna, Burwood, Burwood East, Vermont South, Ashwood, Mount Waverley, Glen Waverley, Wantirna South
SubjectMelbourne Metropolitan Area (Vic.) -- Maps
dc.subjectMelbourne Metropolitan Area (Vic.) -- Road maps
Identifier: hdl.handle.net/11343/124075
Linkedresource: cat.lib.unimelb.edu.au/record=b2475148
Library catalogue permalink: cat.lib.unimelb.edu.au/record=b2475148
Access rights: Open Access
Source: Melbourne University
Arecaceae (palm family) » Borassus flabellifer
bor-RAS-us -- from the Greek borassos, referring to the date palm's flower spike
fla-BEL-lif-er -- fan-bearing, referring to the leaf
commonly known as: African fan palm, borassus palm, doub palm, great fan palm, lontar palm, palmyra palm, ron palm, tala palm, tal-palm, toddy palm, wine palm • Bengali: তাল taala • Gujarati: તાડ taad • Hindi: ताड़ taada, ताल tala, त्रृणराज trinaraaj • Kannada: ಓಲೆಗರಿ olegari, ತಾಳೆಗರಿ taalegari, ತಾಟಿನಿಮ್ಗು taatinimgu • Konkani: इरोळ eroal • Malayalam: കരിമ്പന karimpana • Marathi: ताड taada • Sanskrit: महातः mahatah, तलः or तालः talah, तन्तुनिर्यासः tantuniyosah, तृणम्केतुः tranam-ketuh, तृणम्राजः tranam-raj, तृणम् इन्द्रः trnam-indrah• Tamil: பனை panai • Telugu: తాటి చెట్టు tatichettu • Urdu: تاڙ taad
Native to: tropical Asia
References: Flowers of India • Wikipedia • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • DDSA
Annonaceae (custard apple, sugar apple, or soursop family) » Annona reticulata
uh-NO-nuh -- Latinized form of the American Indian taino, vernacular name for cherimoya
reh-tick-yoo-LAY-tuh -- meaning, netted
commonly known as: bull's-heart, bullock's-heart, custard apple, Jamaica apple, netted custard apple, nettled anón, ox-heart • Hindi: आत, आता or अता aata, kapri, लोना or लौना lona, luvun, nonai, रामफल ramphal • Kannada: ರಾಮಫಳ ramaphala • Konkani: रामफळ ramphal • Malayalam: parankichchakka, ramachchita • Marathi: अनर anara, अनवल anaval, रामफळ or रामफळी ramphal • Prakrit: लवणअं lavanam • Sanskrit: lavali, लवनीयम् lavaniyam, पारावती paravati, विन्ध्या vindhya • Tamil: அணிநுணா aninuna, இராமசீத்தா iramacitta, மனிலாவாத்தா manilavatta, ராமச்சீத்தா ramaccitta, ramaphalam • Telugu: రామఫలము ramaphalamu • Urdu: شريفه shareefah
Native to: tropical America
Probable origin: West Indies
References: Purdue University • Wikipedia • PIER • World Agroforestry Centre • eFlora • M.M.P.N.D.
Arecaceae (palm family) » Elaeis guineensis
el-LEE-iss -- from the Greek elaia (olive); refers to the olives / olive oil used commercially
gin-ee-EN-sis -- of or from Guinea, West Africa
commonly known as: African oil palm, macaw fat • Arabic: nakhlet ez zayt • Burmese: si htan, si ohn • Chinese: you zong • Danish: oliepalme • Finnish: öljypalmu • French: palmier à huile d'Afrique • German: Afrikanische ölpalme • Indonesian: kelapa sawit • Italian: palma avoira, palma da olio, palma oleaginosa africana • Japanese: abura yashi • Malay: kelapa sawit • Maori (Cook Islands): nu tamara • Pohnpeian: apwiraiasi • Portuguese (Brazil): caiaué, dendê, dendezeiro, palmera dendém • Portuguese: palmeira andim, palmeira do azeite, palmeira do dendê • Russian: gvineiskaia, maslichnaia pal'ma, pal'ma maslichnaia • Spanish: corojo de Guinea, palma africana, palma oleaginosa Africana, palmera de aceite • Swahili: mchikichi, miwesi, mjenga • Swedish: oljepalm • Thai: paam nam man
Native of: tropical Africa; naturalized in Sri Lanka, Malesia; widely cultivated in tropics
References: PIER • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D.
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus virens
FY-kus or FIK-us -- from the Latin for fig
VEER-enz -- meaning, green
commonly known as: grey fig, Java fig, Java willow, sour fig, spotted fig, strangler fig, wavy-leaved fig tree, white fig • Assamese: pakori • Bengali: পাকুড় pakar • Gujarati: પેપરી pepri • Hindi: कमण्डल kamandal, पाकड़ paakar, पाकड़िया paakariya, पर्कटी parkati, पीतन pitan, पिलखन pilkhan, प्लक्ष plaksh, प्लव plav, रामअञ्जीर ramanjir • Jaintia: dieng chiri • Kannada: ಬಸರಿಮರ basarimara, ಕರಿಬಸರಿ karibasari • Khasi: dieng sohpoklaw • Malayalam: ചെറള cherala • Manipuri: চিঙ হৈবোঙ ching heibong • Marathi: लघुपिंपरी laghupimpri, पायर payar, पाईर paiir • Nepalese: safed kabra • Oriya: jari • Punjabi: jangli pipli, palakh, pilkhan • Sanskrit: भिदुरः bhidura, दृढप्रारोहः dridapraroha, हृस्वपर्ण hrasvaparna, जाती jati, मङ्गलछायः mangalachaya, पर्कटी parkati, पीतन pitan, प्लक्षः plaksha, प्लवकः plavaka, शुङ्गिन् shungin,, यवः yavha • Tamil: சிற்றால் chirral, சுவி chuvi, இத்தி itti, கல்லால் kallal, குருக்கத்தி kurukkaththi • Telugu: జువ్వి zuvvi • Urdu: پاکڙيا paakariya
Native to: south China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, Malesia, north Australia
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • eFlora • ENVIS - FRLHT • M.M.P.N.D.
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus virens
FY-kus or FIK-us -- from the Latin for fig
VEER-enz -- meaning, green
commonly known as: grey fig, Java fig, Java willow, sour fig, spotted fig, strangler fig, wavy-leaved fig tree, white fig • Assamese: pakori • Bengali: পাকুড় pakar • Gujarati: પેપરી pepri • Hindi: कमण्डल kamandal, पाकड़ paakar, पाकड़िया paakariya, पर्कटी parkati, पीतन pitan, पिलखन pilkhan, प्लक्ष plaksh, प्लव plav, रामअञ्जीर ramanjir • Jaintia: dieng chiri • Kannada: ಬಸರಿಮರ basarimara, ಕರಿಬಸರಿ karibasari • Khasi: dieng sohpoklaw • Malayalam: ചെറള cherala • Manipuri: চিঙ হৈবোঙ ching heibong • Marathi: लघुपिंपरी laghupimpri, पायर payar, पाईर paiir • Nepalese: safed kabra • Oriya: jari • Punjabi: jangli pipli, palakh, pilkhan • Sanskrit: भिदुरः bhidura, दृढप्रारोहः dridapraroha, हृस्वपर्ण hrasvaparna, जाती jati, मङ्गलछायः mangalachaya, पर्कटी parkati, पीतन pitan, प्लक्षः plaksha, प्लवकः plavaka, शुङ्गिन् shungin,, यवः yavha • Tamil: சிற்றால் chirral, சுவி chuvi, இத்தி itti, கல்லால் kallal, குருக்கத்தி kurukkaththi • Telugu: జువ్వి zuvvi • Urdu: پاکڙيا paakariya
Native to: south China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, Malesia, north Australia
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • eFlora • ENVIS - FRLHT • M.M.P.N.D.
Pedaliaceae (pedalium, or sesame family) » Sesamum orientale
see-SAM-um -- from Latin sesamum borrowed from other languages
or-ee-en-TAY-lee -- of or from the Orient, eastern
commonly known as: bene seeds, beniseed, benne, gingelly, til • Bengali: তিল til • Hindi: gingli, safed til, til • Kannada: ಎಳ್ಳು ellu, ತಿಲ tila • Kashmiri: कुंजद् kunjad, कूंजल् or कूंज्यल् kunjal • Malayalam: ellu, schit-elu • Manipuri: thoiding • Marathi: तीळ or तिल tila • Punjabi: ਤਿਲ til • Sanskrit: तिल tila • Tamil: சிற்றெள் cirrel, எள் el, எள்ளு ellu, திலம் tilam, yellu cheddi • Telugu: నువ్వులు nuvvulu, నువ్వుపువ్ nuvvupuvvu, తెలిక telika, తిలలు tilalu
Native to: sub-saharan Africa, India
References: Flowers of India • M.M.P.N.D. • Wikipedia
Annonaceae (custard apple, sugar apple, or soursop family) » Annona reticulata
uh-NO-nuh -- Latinized form of the American Indian taino, vernacular name for cherimoya
reh-tick-yoo-LAY-tuh -- meaning, netted
commonly known as: bull's-heart, bullock's-heart, custard apple, Jamaica apple, netted custard apple, nettled anón, ox-heart • Hindi: आत, आता or अता aata, kapri, लोना or लौना lona, luvun, nonai, रामफल ramphal • Kannada: ರಾಮಫಳ ramaphala • Konkani: रामफळ ramphal • Malayalam: parankichchakka, ramachchita • Marathi: अनर anara, अनवल anaval, रामफळ or रामफळी ramphal • Prakrit: लवणअं lavanam • Sanskrit: lavali, लवनीयम् lavaniyam, पारावती paravati, विन्ध्या vindhya • Tamil: அணிநுணா aninuna, இராமசீத்தா iramacitta, மனிலாவாத்தா manilavatta, ராமச்சீத்தா ramaccitta, ramaphalam • Telugu: రామఫలము ramaphalamu • Urdu: شريفه shareefah
Native to: tropical America
Probable origin: West Indies
References: Purdue University • Wikipedia • PIER • World Agroforestry Centre • eFlora • M.M.P.N.D.
Bald Rock, comprising 165 acres, is currently managed by the SC Department of Natural Resources. A lease agreement with SC Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism is pending. The property adjoins Caesar's Head State Park and is part of the Mountain Bridge Wilderness Area. The rock for which the preserve is named is a popular tourist attraction. It provides scenic, panoramic views of the east side of Table Rock Mountain and the surrounding foothills of Pickens and Greenville Counties.
The preserve contains a complex of granite outcrops, seeps, and waterslides surrounded by a mosaic of mixed pines and hardwoods. Lichens and mosses have colonized portions of the rock outcrops. Joined with forces of weather, these pioneer species create pockets and cracks in the granite, which are filled with sand and organic matter. Some display patches of herbaceous plants.
The preserve protects two headwater streams that are essential in maintaining several groups of rare plant species. They include the nationally threatened plant species, piedmont ragwort, and the state threatened plant species, grass-of-parnassus. Additional rare species that have been documented nearby include the New England cottontail, woodrat and northern long-eared bat.
A beautification project, involving the partnership of the SC Department of Transportation, with the SC Department of Natural Resources and volunteers resulted in improved access, reduced erosion and stabilization with native plant species, stream restoration and litter clean-up. The project was awarded second place in the 2005 Colorful Spaces Program. Please report anyone defacing the property with graffiti.
(Description taken from the SCDNR website.)
Don't miss the interactive view (requires shockwave - a free, one-time, automatic download).
Camera: Nikon D100
Lense: AF-S DX Nikkor 18-70 mm f/3.5-4.5G IF-ED
Tripod: Manfrotto
Tripod head: Manfrotto 322RC2 Tripod Head with no pano head!
Photos: 50 photos (all over the place. This is an old set of photos (pre pano head) that I just recently stitched)
Software: Stitched with PTGui (but warped with Panorama Tools); Blended with Enblend plugin; No photoshop (although some is needed at the nadir); EXIFTool to add the EXIF info from the first photo.
Original Image: 6,000 x 3,000 pixels; 6.4 MB
Maps: Google Earth (requires Google Earth) | Street | Satellite | Hybrid | Topo
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus virens
FY-kus or FIK-us -- from the Latin for fig
VEER-enz -- green
commonly known as: grey fig, Java fig, Java willow, sour fig, spotted fig, strangler fig, wavy-leaved fig tree, white fig • Assamese: pakori • Bengali: পাকুড় pakar • Gujarati: પેપરી pepri • Hindi: कमण्डल kamandal, पाकड़ paakar, पाकड़िया paakariya, पर्कटी parkati, पीतन pitan, पिलखन pilkhan, प्लक्ष plaksh, प्लव plav, रामअञ्जीर ramanjir • Jaintia: dieng chiri • Kannada: ಬಸರಿಮರ basarimara, ಕರಿಬಸರಿ karibasari • Khasi: dieng sohpoklaw • Malayalam: ചെറള cherala • Manipuri: চিঙ হৈবোঙ ching heibong • Marathi: लघुपिंपरी laghupimpri, पायर payar, पाईर paiir • Nepalese: safed kabra • Oriya: jari • Punjabi: jangli pipli, palakh, pilkhan • Sanskrit: भिदुरः bhidura, दृढप्रारोहः dridapraroha, हृस्वपर्ण hrasvaparna, जाती jati, मङ्गलछायः mangalachaya, पर्कटी parkati, पीतन pitan, प्लक्षः plaksha, प्लवकः plavaka, शुङ्गिन् shungin,, यवः yavha • Tamil: சிற்றால் chirral, சுவி chuvi, இத்தி itti, கல்லால் kallal, குருக்கத்தி kurukkaththi • Telugu: జువ్వి zuvvi • Urdu: پاکڙيا paakariya
Native to: south China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, Malesia, north Australia
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • eFlora • ENVIS - FRLHT • M.M.P.N.D.
Sterculiaceae (cacao family) » Theobroma cacao
thee-OH-broh-muh or thee-oh-BROH-muh -- meaning, food of the Gods
kah-KAY-oh -- possibly from Nahuatl (Aztec language) cacahuatl, the name for the fruit
commonly known as: cacao, chocolate, cocoa • Aztec: cacahualt • Burmese: kokoe • Chinese: 可可樹 ke ke shu • Danish: kakaotræ • Dutch: cacaoboom • Finnish: kaakao, kaakaopuu • French: cacao, cacaotier, cacaoyer • German: kakaobaum, kakaopflanze • Greek: Kακαόδενδρο • Indonesian: coklat • Italian: albero del cacao • Japanese: カカオ kakao • Khmer: kakaaw • Malay: pokok coklat • Malayalam: കൊക്കോ kokkoo • Norwegian: kakaotre • Polish: kakaowiec • Portuguese, in Brazil: árvore-da-vida, cacau-da-mata, cacaueiro • Portuguese: árbore de cacao, cacau, cacauí, cupuaçu da mata, cupuí • Russian: Какао, Шоколадное дерево shokoladnoe derevo • Sinhala: maikona gaha • Spanish: cacao, cacaoeiro, cacaotero, cacaueira, cacaueiro, cacauzeiro • Swedish: kakao • Tamil: கக்கவோ kakkavo • Thai: โคโค่ kho kho, โกโก้ ko ko • Vietnamese: ca cao
Native to: tropical Americas
References: Wikipedia • M.M.P.N.D. • World Agroforestry Centre
Euphorbiaceae (castor, euphorbia, or spurge family) » Mallotus philippensis
mal-LOH-tus -- fleecy, referring to the seed capsule
fil-lip-EN-sis -- of or from the Philippines; also spelled philippinensis
commonly known as: dyer's rottlera, kamala dye tree, monkey face tree, orange kamala, red kamala, scarlet croton • Bengali: কমলা kamala • Hindi: कामला kamala, रैनी raini, रोहन rohan, रोहिनी rohini, सिन्धुरी sinduri • Kannada: ಕುಮ್ಕುಮದ ಮರ kunkuma-damara • Malayalam: ചെങ്കൊല്ലി cenkolli, കുങ്കുമപ്പൂമരം kunkumappuumaram, കുരങ്ങുമഞ്ഞശ് kurangumanjas, നാവട്ട naavatta, നൂറിമരം nuurimaram • Marathi: कपिला kapila, केशरी kesari, शेंदरी shendri • Sanskrit: काम्पिल्यक kampilyaka • Tamil: கபிலப்பொடி kapila poti, குரங்குமஞ்சணாறி kuranku-mañcanari • Telugu:కుంకుమ చెట్టు kunkuma-chettu
Native to: China, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Australia
References: Flowers of India • M.M.P.N.D. • World Agroforestry Centre • Forest Flora of Andhra Pradesh
Bundles of flowering Chinese greens known as yu choy (Brassica rapa var. oleifera) at the Alhambra Farmers' Market on South Monterey Street in Alhambra, CA.
Related to many vegetables in the Brassica rapa species including Chinese cabbage, bok choy, canola (rapeseed), Japanese mustard (mizuna), as well as turnips and many others.
These greens are sometimes called "wild mustard" or "flowering Chinese cabbage" in English as well as several names in Chinese. Some of these names include "choi sum" or "cài xīn" (菜心) as well as "yóu cài" (油菜) meaning "oil vegetables" (because, like canola, they are used to produce oil). The yellow flowers are also called "yóu cài huā" (油菜花) or "oil vegetable flowers".
In China, these flowering vegetables turn entire sections of the countryside yellow: goo.gl/PkVHFj.
It's interesting to note that while many other plants are no longer considered edible once they flower, these particular greens are considered better to eat with flowers present.
www.cityofalhambra.org/about/Market.html
[ cphotoj.com ]
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus virens
FY-kus or FIK-us -- from the Latin for fig
VEER-enz -- green
commonly known as: grey fig, Java fig, Java willow, sour fig, spotted fig, strangler fig, wavy-leaved fig tree, white fig • Assamese: pakori • Bengali: পাকুড় pakar • Gujarati: પેપરી pepri • Hindi: कमण्डल kamandal, पाकड़ paakar, पाकड़िया paakariya, पर्कटी parkati, पीतन pitan, पिलखन pilkhan, प्लक्ष plaksh, प्लव plav, रामअञ्जीर ramanjir • Jaintia: dieng chiri • Kannada: ಬಸರಿಮರ basarimara, ಕರಿಬಸರಿ karibasari • Khasi: dieng sohpoklaw • Malayalam: ചെറള cherala • Manipuri: চিঙ হৈবোঙ ching heibong • Marathi: लघुपिंपरी laghupimpri, पायर payar, पाईर paiir • Nepalese: safed kabra • Oriya: jari • Punjabi: jangli pipli, palakh, pilkhan • Sanskrit: भिदुरः bhidura, दृढप्रारोहः dridapraroha, हृस्वपर्ण hrasvaparna, जाती jati, मङ्गलछायः mangalachaya, पर्कटी parkati, पीतन pitan, प्लक्षः plaksha, प्लवकः plavaka, शुङ्गिन् shungin, यवः yavha • Tamil: சிற்றால் chirral, சுவி chuvi, இத்தி itti, கல்லால் kallal, குருக்கத்தி kurukkaththi • Telugu: జువ్వి zuvvi • Urdu: پاکڙيا paakariya
Native to: south China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, Malesia, north Australia
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • eFlora • ENVIS - FRLHT • M.M.P.N.D.
Sterculiaceae (cacao family) » Theobroma cacao
thee-OH-broh-muh or thee-oh-BROH-muh -- food of the Gods
kah-KAY-oh -- possibly from Nahuatl (Aztec language) cacahuatl, the name for the fruit
commonly known as: cacao, chocolate, cocoa
Native to: tropical Americas
References: Wikipedia • M.M.P.N.D. • World Agroforestry Centre
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus benghalensis var. krishnae
FY-kus or FIK-us -- from the Latin for fig
ben-gal-EN-sis -- of or from Bengal (India); sometimes spelled bengalensis
kr-ISH-nay -- pronunciation attempted, Latinized form of name of Indian diety, Krishna
commonly known as: Krishna's butter cup, Krishna fig • Bengali: কৃষ্ণবট Krishnabat • Chinese: 囊葉榕 (Taiwan) • Hindi: कृष्ण बढ़ Krishna badh, माखन कटोरी makhan katori • Manipuri: ক্ৰিশ্না খোঙনাঙ Krishna khongnang • Marathi: कृष्णवड Krishnavad • Spanish: arbol sagrado de la India, higuera religiosa de la India, higuera sagrada de los budistas
Origin: India
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • Top Tropicals • M.M.P.N.D.
Dioscoreaceae (yam family) » Dioscorea bulbifera
dy-oh-SKOR-ee-uh -- named for Pedanios Dioscorides, 1st century Greek pharmacologist
bulb-EE-fer-uh -- meaning, bearing bulbs
commonly known as: aerial yam, air potato, air yam, bitter yam, bulbil-bearing yam, cheeky yam, malacca yam, otaheite-potato , potato yam, shoebutton air potato • Bengali: বনআলু ban alu • Hindi: गैण्ठी gainthi, कदू कन्दा kadu kunda, रतालू ratalu (apt for D. purpurea) • Kannada: ಹಮ್ದಿಗೆಣಸು hamdigenasu, ಹೆಗ್ಗೆನಸು heggenasu, ಕುಮ್ಟಗೆಣಸು kuntagenasu, ನೇಗಿಲುಹೊನ್ನೆ negilugonne • Konkani: करंदो karamdo • Malayalam: കാച്ചില് kaacchil, പന്നികിഴങ്ങ pannikizhangu • Marathi: डुकरकंद dukar-kand, कडूकरंदा kadu-karanda, वाराही varahi • Nepalese: गीट्ठा giitthaa, गीट्ठे तरुल giitthe tarul, वन तरुल van tarul • Oriya: pita alu • Sanskrit: आलुकः aluka, वराहीकन्द varahi-kand • Tamil: காட்டுச்சீரகவள்ளி kaatu-c-ciraka-valli, காட்டுக்காய்வள்ளி kaattu-k-kaay-valli • Telugu: అడవి దుంప adavi dumpa
Native to: tropical Africa, China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, tropical Australia
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • IFAS
Dioscoreaceae (yam family) » Dioscorea bulbifera
dy-oh-SKOR-ee-uh -- named for Pedanios Dioscorides, 1st century Greek pharmacologist
bulb-EE-fer-uh -- meaning, bearing bulbs
commonly known as: aerial yam, air potato, air yam, bitter yam, bulbil-bearing yam, cheeky yam, malacca yam, otaheite-potato , potato yam, shoebutton air potato • Bengali: বনআলু ban alu • Hindi: गैण्ठी gainthi, कदू कन्दा kadu kanda, रतालू ratalu (apt for D. purpurea) • Kannada: ಅಮ್ಬಲಿ ಗೆಣಸು ambali genasu, ಹಮ್ದಿಗೆಣಸು hamdigenasu, ಹೆಗ್ಗೆನಸು heggenasu, ಕುಮ್ಟಗೆಣಸು kuntagenasu, ನೇಗಿಲುಹೊನ್ನೆ negilugonne • Konkani: करंदो karamdo • Malayalam: കാച്ചില് kaacchil, പന്നികിഴങ്ങ pannikizhangu • Marathi: डुकरकंद dukar-kand, कडूकरंदा kadu-karanda, वाराही varahi • Nepalese: गीट्ठा giitthaa, गीट्ठे तरुल giitthe tarul, वन तरुल van tarul • Oriya: pita alu • Sanskrit: आलुकः aluka, वराहीकन्द varahi-kand • Tamil: காட்டுச்சீரகவள்ளி kaatu-c-ciraka-valli, காட்டுக்காய்வள்ளி kaattu-k-kaay-valli • Telugu: అడవి దుంప adavi dumpa
Native to: tropical Africa, China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, tropical Australia
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • IFAS
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus virens
FY-kus or FIK-us -- from the Latin for fig
VEER-enz -- green
commonly known as: grey fig, Java fig, Java willow, sour fig, spotted fig, strangler fig, wavy-leaved fig tree, white fig • Assamese: pakori • Bengali: পাকুড় pakar • Gujarati: પેપરી pepri • Hindi: कमण्डल kamandal, पाकड़ paakar, पाकड़िया paakariya, पर्कटी parkati, पीतन pitan, पिलखन pilkhan, प्लक्ष plaksh, प्लव plav, रामअञ्जीर ramanjir • Jaintia: dieng chiri • Kannada: ಬಸರಿಮರ basarimara, ಕರಿಬಸರಿ karibasari • Khasi: dieng sohpoklaw • Malayalam: ചെറള cherala • Manipuri: চিঙ হৈবোঙ ching heibong • Marathi: लघुपिंपरी laghupimpri, पायर payar, पाईर paiir • Nepalese: safed kabra • Oriya: jari • Punjabi: jangli pipli, palakh, pilkhan • Sanskrit: भिदुरः bhidura, दृढप्रारोहः dridapraroha, हृस्वपर्ण hrasvaparna, जाती jati, मङ्गलछायः mangalachaya, पर्कटी parkati, पीतन pitan, प्लक्षः plaksha, प्लवकः plavaka, शुङ्गिन् shungin,, यवः yavha • Tamil: சிற்றால் chirral, சுவி chuvi, இத்தி itti, கல்லால் kallal, குருக்கத்தி kurukkaththi • Telugu: జువ్వి zuvvi • Urdu: پاکڙيا paakariya
Native to: south China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, Malesia, north Australia
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • eFlora • ENVIS - FRLHT • M.M.P.N.D.
On Wednesday March 5, 2014 I attended the Marine Education Society of Australia Seaweek Q and A event held at the Sealife Melbourne Aquarium. The event focussed on the question: Are there plenty more fish in the sea? Can we sustain the world's population whilst maintaining the viability of marine fisheries and ecosystems?
On the expert panel were:
Brad Warren from Ocean Watch
Andrew Christie, Lecturer in Aquaculture from NMIT
Dr John Ford from Melbourne University
Alice Wilkins from Melbourne FinFree
Oliver Edwards from GoodFishBadFish
Will Jones from SAFCOL/MESA
The Compere was Sheree Maris, author of Melbourne Downunder
Apocynaceae (dogbane, or oleander family) » Rauvolfia serpentina
Common names of Rauvolfia serpentina:
Assamese: Arachoritita • Bengali: Chandra • Burmese: Bongmaiza • Chinese: She gen mu, Yin du luo fu mu, Yin du she gen mu, Yin du she mu • English: Indian Snakeroot, Java devil pepper, Insanity herb, Rauvolfia root, Rauwolfia, Serpentine Wood, Snakeroot, Snakewood • French: Arbre aux serpents • German: Indische Schlangenwurzel, Rauwolfie, Schlangenholz • Hindi: Chandrabhaga, Chota-chand, सर्पगंधा Sarpagandha • Japanese: Indo shaboku, Indo shaboku • Kannada: Sarpangandha, Sarpagandhi, Shivanabhiballi, Sutranavi, Patalagandhi • Malay: Akar tikus, Pule pandak (Java), Pulai pandak (Indonesia) • Malayalam: Churannavilpori, Suvapavalporiyam • Marathi: Harkaya, Harki • Oriya: Patalagarur, Sanochado • Sanskrit: Chandrika, Patalgaruda, Sarpagandha • Tamil: Chevanamalpodi • Telugu: Patalaguni, Patalagaruda, Sarpagandha
Courtesy:
- Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database
Note: Identification or description may not be accurate; it is subject to your review.
Euphorbiaceae (castor, euphorbia, or spurge family) » Mallotus philippensis
mal-LOH-tus -- fleecy, referring to the seed capsule
fil-lip-EN-sis -- of or from the Philippines; also spelled philippinensis
commonly known as: dyer's rottlera, kamala dye tree, monkey face tree, orange kamala, red kamala, scarlet croton • Bengali: কমলা kamala • Hindi: कामला kamala, रैनी raini, रोहन rohan, रोहिनी rohini, सिन्धुरी sinduri • Kannada: ಕುಮ್ಕುಮದ ಮರ kunkuma-damara • Malayalam: ചെങ്കൊല്ലി cenkolli, കുങ്കുമപ്പൂമരം kunkumappuumaram, കുരങ്ങുമഞ്ഞശ് kurangumanjas, നാവട്ട naavatta, നൂറിമരം nuurimaram • Marathi: कपिला kapila, केशरी kesari, शेंदरी shendri • Sanskrit: काम्पिल्यक kampilyaka • Tamil: கபிலப்பொடி kapila poti, குரங்குமஞ்சணாறி kuranku-mañcanari • Telugu:కుంకుమ చెట్టు kunkuma-chettu
Native to: China, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Australia
References: Flowers of India • M.M.P.N.D. • World Agroforestry Centre • Forest Flora of Andhra Pradesh
Combretaceae (rangoon creeper family) » Terminalia chebula
ter-min-NAY-lee-uh -- from Latin terminus (end), referring to leaves at the end of shoots
¿ CHAY-boo-lah ? -- of or from Kabul
commonly known as: black myrobalan, chebulic myrobalan, Indian gall-nut, ink nut, yellow myrobalan • Assamese: শিলিখা shilikha • Bengali: হরীতকী haritaki • Coorgi: ಅಳಲೆ alale • Gujarati: હરડી hardi • Hindi: हर्रा harra, हरीतक haritak • Kannada: ಅಳಲೆ alale • Konkani: हरडी hardi, ओरडो ordo • Lepcha: silimkung • Malayalam: കടുക്ക katukka • Manipuri: মনাহী manahi • Marathi: हिरडा hirda • Nepalese: हर्रो harro • Oriya: karedha • Prakrit: हरडओ harado • Sanskrit: हरीतकी haritaki • Santal: rol • Sindhi: har • Tamil: கடுக்காய் katu-k-kay • Telugu: కరక karaka • Tulu: anile • Urdu: haejarad
Native to: China, Indian sub-continent, Indo-China; naturalized elsewhere
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • DDSA • M.M.P.N.D.
Moraceae (mulberry family) » Ficus racemosa
FY-kus or FIK-us -- from the Latin for fig
ray-see-MO-suh -- in racemes (a type of flower cluster)
commonly known as: cluster fig, country fig, crattock, gular fig, redwood fig • Bengali: উদুম্বর udumbara • Gujarati: ગૂલર goolar, ઉંબરૉ umbaro • Hindi: डूमर dumar, धर्म पत्र dharma patra, गूलर goolar, जन्तु फल jantu phal, पाणि भुज pani bhuj, पुष्पहिना pushp-hina, उदुम्बर udumbara, ऊमरि umari, यज्ञडुम्बुर yajnyadumbur • Kannada: ಅತ್ತಿ ಮರ atti mara • Konkani: ऋम्बड rhumbad • Malayalam: അത്തി aththi • Manipuri: heibong • Marathi: उदुंबर udumbar, उंबर umbar • Nepalese: दुम्री dumrii • Oriya: dimri • Pali: उदुंबर udumbar • Sanskrit: औदुम्बर audumbara, ब्रह्मन्वृक्षः brahanvrkisha, गूलर gular, हेमदुग्धकः hemadugdhaka, जन्तुकाफलः jantukaphalah, जन्तुफलः jantuphalah, जन्तुमती jantumati, कृमिफलः krmiphalah, मशकिन् mashakin, सदाफलः sadaphalah, सौम्य saumya, शीतवल्कः shitavalkah, सुतः sutah, उडुम्बर udumbara, वसुद्रुमः vasudrumah, यज्ञयोगः yajnayoga, यज्ञियः yagniyah • Tamil: ஆனை anai, அத்தி atti, மலையின்முனிவன் malaiyin munivan, உதும்பரம் utumparam • Telugu: అత్తి atti, బొడ్డ bodda, బ్రహ్మమామిడి brahmamamidi • Urdu: ڐومر dumar
Native to: south-east Asia
References: Flowers of India • TopTropicals • Dave's Garden • M.M.P.N.D.
Delegates to an unknown conference at University of Sydney in 1949. Copyright CSIRO. Print found in my late Father's photos.
Nearest to camera is Sir John Madsen, second row behind also on the RHS in the light coloured suit is Dr David Martyn. My Dad is behind to the left of Dr Martyn. To the left of Dad is Joe Pawsey.
More info about the times and place in: A passion for physics: the story of a woman physicist
By Joan Freeman
( The above photo is also in this book ).
books.google.com.au/books?id=QSkeg9wmMDAC&pg=RA1-PA70...
Also: Ruby Payne-Scott.
csiropedia.csiro.au/payne-scott-ruby/
adb.anu.edu.au/biography/martyn-david-forbes-11076
www.asap.unimelb.edu.au/bsparcs/aasmemoirs/martyn.htm
www.eoas.info/biogs/P000614b.htm
adb.anu.edu.au/biography/madsen-sir-john-percival-vaissin...
Off topic but interesting related reading.
Memories of Sputnik: 50 Years of Space Travel, 1957-2007
Nineteen fifty seven was the year I started school and the year space travel commenced. October this year is the 50th anniversary of the three week long flight of Sputnik I.
At that time my Dad was working as a scientist in Australia's CSIRO Radio Research Board (RRB) under Dr David F Martyn based in the Sydney area. (He started in this work in January 1946 and left it around 1960). This research group was investigating the structure and behaviour of the upper atmosphere. The experimental side of this work involved transmitting radio signals up and observing to the reflected signals returned. This meant that there was a selection of antennas, receivers and expertise available to receive signals from the first spacecraft.
One Saturday afternoon Dad drove us to a building in the grounds of the University of Sydney. I remember being in a room dimly lit by outside light through high blinded windows. There were large grey equipment racks, some with dark knobs, glowing dials and lamps on front panels. I remember one with a round green CRT display. There was the dull red glow of valve heaters visible where there were no front panels. On a work table there was an incomplete looking metalwork thing and some cylindrical objects with wire pigtails. I had seen a similar sight in a WWII bunker used by RRB near Camden Airport, back before I started school. The room had a wonderful mysterious feel.
Knobs were adjusted then we waited, Dad attempting but failing to explain Sputnik. Then it started, bleeep bleeep bleeep bleep. The explanations then became simpler. The sound was coming by radio from 90 miles above from the first manmade orbiting satellite. My first thought was this was like many other bleeps I had heard while near equipment racks. But I then realised the usually unemotional Dad was keen to share both the facts and his excitement, about this scientific and technical advance. Soon the bleeps ceased. We left the magical room and went back to normality and home.
My recollection is that Sputnik I was not visible to the unassisted eye due to its small size but that the final rocket stage was. However, Dad said these didn’t pass over Sydney at dusk or dawn and so he couldn’t show it to me. I think the rocket stage was visible further south. In the next month, on November 3rd, Sputnik II was launched. This was visible in the evening sky from my home; we saw its star-like appearance hurrying across the sky with its dog and, I assumed, its bleeper.
Arecaceae (palm family) » Roystonea regia
roy-STOH-nee-uh -- named for Gen. Roy Stone, U.S. Civil War hero
REE-jee-uh -- meaning, royal
commonly known as: Cuban royal palm, Florida royal palm, royal palm • Arabic: nakhl malakî • Chinese: da wang ye zi, gao wang ye zi, wang zong • Danish: kongepalme • Dutch: koningspalm • Finnish: kuningaspalmu • French: palmier royal de Cuba, palmier royal de Floride • German: königspalme, koenigspalme • Italian: palma regia • Japanese: daiou yashi, Furoridaroiyarupaamu • Malay: palma diraja • Norwegian: kongepalme • Portuguese: palmeira real • Spanish: chaguaramo, palma real, palma real Cubana
Native to: Caribbean Islands, the adjacent coasts of Florida, Central and South America
References: Flowers of India • Floridata • Wikipedia • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D.
Amaranthaceae (amaranth family) » Amaranthus viridis
am-uh-RANTH-us -- meaning, everlasting flower
VEER-ih-diss -- green
commonly known as: green amaranth, pigweed, Prince of Wales feather, slender amaranth, tropical green amaranth • Hindi: जंगली चौलाई jungali chaulayi • Konkani: रानभाजी ranbhaji • Malayalam: കുപ്പച്ചീര kuppacheera • Marathi: माठ math, उनाडभाजी unadabhaji • Sanskrit: तण्डुलीयः tanduliya • Tamil: குப்பைக்கீரை kuppai-k-kirai • Telugu: చిలక తోటకూర chilaka-thotakoora
Distribution: pantropical
References: Wikipedia • PIER • IEWF • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • DDSA
Zingiberaceae (ginger family) » Alpinia zerumbet
al-PIN-ee-uh -- named for Prospero Alpino, Italian botanist
ZER-um-bet -- derived from a Persian word
commonly known as: butterfly ginger, light galangal, pink porcelain lily, shell flower, shell ginger • Chinese: 艳山姜 da cao kou • Finnish: galangajuuri • German: porzellan-ingwerlilie • Japanese: getto • Maori (Cook Islands): kaopu‘i, kopi ‘enua • Pinyin: yàn shanjiang • Swedish: galangarot • Russian: al'piniia prekrasnaia • Samoan: teuila • Thai: ข่าคม kha khom • Tongan: teuila • Vietnamese: gừng ấm, riềng ấm, riềng đẹp, sẹ nước
Native to: India, eastern Asia
References: Flowers of India • Floridata • Wikipedia • PIER species info • M.M.P.N.D.
Flacourtiaceae (coffee plum family) » Flacourtia indica
flak-KOOR-tee-uh -- named for Etienne de Flacourt, director of the Fr. East India Company
IN-dih-kuh or in-DEE-kuh -- of or from India
commonly known as: batoka plum, flacourtia, governor’s plum, Indian plum, Madagascar plum, Mauritius plum, Rhodesia plum • Gujarati: લોદરી lodari • Hindi: बिलाङ्गड़ा bilangada • Konkani: बाभुळी तांबट babhuli tambat • Malayalam: കരിമുള്ളി karimulli • Marathi: अठरुन athruna, भेकळ bhekal, पाकर pakar, तांबट tambat • Sanskrit: श्रृववृक्ष shruvavrikksha • Tamil: சொத்தைக்களா cottai-k-kala • Telugu: నక్కనేరేడు nakka-neredu • Tibetan: bi ka na ka
Native to: tropical Africa, southern Africa, Madagascar, tropical Asia; naturalized elsewhere
References: Flowers of India • World Agroforestry Centre • NPGS • M.M.P.N.D. • ENVIS
Meliaceae (melia, or mahogany family) » Toona ciliata
TU-nah -- derived from vernacular name of the plant
sil-ee-ATE-uh or sil-ee-AH-tuh -- fringed with hairs
commonly known as: Australian red cedar, bastard cedar, Burma cedar, Indian cedar, Indian mahogany, moulmein cedar, red cedar, toon • Assamese: পমা pama • Bengali: তূণ tun • Hindi: नन्दी nandi, नन्दिक nandik, तुन tun, तुन्न tunna • Kannada: ಬೆಳಮ್ದಿ belamdi • Kashmiri: द्रब् drab, द्रावी drawi, तूनी tuni • Malayalam: ചന്ദന വേമ്പ് candana veemp, ചുവന്ന അകില് cuvanna akil, മദഗിരിവേമ്പ് madagiriveemp, പടുകരണ patukarana • Manipuri: তাইৰেল tairel • Marathi: नांदुरकी nandurki, तुन्न tunna • Mizo: teipui • Nepalese: तूनी tunee, तुनि tuni • Oriya: teipui, mahalimbo • Pali: कच्छक kacchaka • Punjabi: ਚਿੱਟੀ ਸਿਰੀਂਹ chitti sirinh, ਚਿੱਟੀ ਸਰੀਂਹ chitti sarinh, ਦੱਲੀ dalli, ਦਰਲ daral, ਦੋਰੀ dori, ਤੁਣ tun • Sanskrit: कच्छपः kacchapah, नन्दी nandi, नन्दिकः nandikah, तुन्न tunna • Tamil: ஆயில் ayil, மலயப்பூத்துன்னமரம் malaya-p-pu-t-tunna-maram, மதகரிவேம்பு matakari-vempu, தூணாமரம் tuna-maram • Telugu: నందివృక్షము nandivrikshamu • Urdu: نندي nandi, نندك nandik, تون tun, تن tunna
Native to: Afghanistan, China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, Malesia, Australia
References: Flowers of India • Wikipedia • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • eFlora • DDSA
Dioscoreaceae (yam family) » Dioscorea bulbifera
dy-oh-SKOR-ee-uh -- named for Pedanios Dioscorides, 1st century Greek pharmacologist
bulb-EE-fer-uh -- meaning, bearing bulbs
commonly known as: aerial yam, air potato, air yam, bitter yam, bulbil-bearing yam, cheeky yam, malacca yam, otaheite-potato , potato yam, shoebutton air potato • Bengali: বনআলু ban alu • Hindi: गैण्ठी gainthi, कदू कन्दा kadu kunda, रतालू ratalu (apt for D. purpurea) • Kannada: ಅಮ್ಬಲಿ ಗೆಣಸು ambali genasu, ಹಮ್ದಿಗೆಣಸು hamdigenasu, ಹೆಗ್ಗೆನಸು heggenasu, ಕುಮ್ಟಗೆಣಸು kuntagenasu, ನೇಗಿಲುಹೊನ್ನೆ negilugonne • Konkani: करंदो karamdo • Malayalam: കാച്ചില് kaacchil, പന്നികിഴങ്ങ pannikizhangu • Marathi: डुकरकंद dukar-kand, कडूकरंदा kadu-karanda, वाराही varahi • Nepalese: गीट्ठा giitthaa, गीट्ठे तरुल giitthe tarul, वन तरुल van tarul • Oriya: pita alu • Sanskrit: आलुकः aluka, वराहीकन्द varahi-kand • Tamil: காட்டுச்சீரகவள்ளி kaatu-c-ciraka-valli, காட்டுக்காய்வள்ளி kaattu-k-kaay-valli • Telugu: అడవి దుంప adavi dumpa
Native to: tropical Africa, China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, tropical Australia
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • IFAS
The first 100 days
It's been over 100 days since Black Saturday.
The Official Inquiries are now starting. People are looking for answers. It's meant to be winter and the rains are failing again. I read an article on the ABC on failure of radio systems and couldn't help think we are missing the point. This is a complex problem. It's not going to go away soon. It can't be fixed with simple solutions.
So I tried to convey this in the article to a local in St. Andrews but time and a crashing system conspired against me. People are now looking for quick answers that might have averted loss of life. The core of the answer lies at how we manage and relate to the land. A good starting point to read "Radio systems failed on Black Saturday" then proceed to The Aftermath written by scientist Dr. Kevin Tolhurst a Fire ecologist at Melbourne University.
The following is a response to a comment by JC in the article, "Radio systems failed on Black Saturday" from St. Andrews.
Radio systems failed on Black Saturday
"... As a resident of St Andrews, an area hit but seldon mentioned in the wider media, this is but only one of many major failures that are coming to light ..."
I'll agree with the number of mentions of St.Andrews in the media. I've been monitoring the news since Black Saturday and I can count the articles on one hand:
"It was a hell": journalist Hughes tells of miraculous escape
- www.flickr.com/photos/bootload/3268049625
"How we cheated flames of death", Gary Hughes, The Australian, eyewitness from St. Andrews.
- www.flickr.com/photos/bootload/3267819103/
"Dodging a bullet: comedian's story of Black Saturday"
- www.flickr.com/photos/bootload/3349583381/
"Bushfire victim appeals for return of stolen goods"
(ABC News, unattributed)
- www.flickr.com/photos/bootload/3524967634/
This is not surprising though. The fire swept through the entire range starting west up through Humevale to Kinglake West where my Dad survived through Pheasant Creek, Middle Kinglake at the same time hitting Strathewen, St Andrews and Kinglake.
I knew my mates in Strathewen had copped it simply by the lack of coverage. [0] There was simply nobody to talk to. Those that did either had no means or desire to tell their story. The ABC does better. You can find the references to St. Andrews at www.abc.net.au/news/tag/st-andrews-3761/
"... How are those implementing their "Stay and Defend Policy" with inadequate CFA and Radio warnings supposed to implement fully, and how are the emergency services to do their job to the full if their communications equipt dont talk to each other? Listening to the revelations during the web stream of the hearings to date has been shattering. Losing very close friends and colleagues hits hard enough without the additional anger that is now being created around basic level failures. Utterly shameful. ..."
The last major fire to go through the St.Andrews area to memory, was the '62 fires. Far from the memory of most except the oldest of locals. This fire also took houses.[1] [2]
What have we learnt since?
We can have the best technical kit, the best trained CFA members but this will avoid the loss of life we experienced on Black Saturday. What is needed is a total rethink on the way we manage the land. The theoretical framework is there. Kevin Tolhurst, a Fire ecologist based at University of Melbourne, Creswick Campus wrote about the aftermath of the 1939 fires [3] nailed the kind of change in land management that is required. He wrote:
"... Melbourne has two major problems. One is the urban interface, and the other is the water catchment. Melbourne has a significant rural-urban interface, where we see places like Kinglake, St Andrews, the Dandenongs, Pakenham. People like the natural environment, so they want to live close to it, but they are living an urban existence. They are not dependent on that bush, and they don't fully understand it. I think in '39 the people living and working in the bush knew much more about their environment and what they were dealing with. Okay, they didn't have scale and they didn't have communication, but at least they understood the bush. We really need to do to understand the bush. Appreciating it is not enough. The worst case scenario for these people is loss of property and loss of life. ..." [4]
I reflected on this theme back in 2007. On Feburary 16th the 24th anniversary that marked the passing of a school mate and some people I knew in the Panton Hill CFA during Ash Wednesday. [5] This is part of what I wrote:
"... Bush fires are part of life here, a constant threat. If you live around the area long enough there is no way you escape it. I grew up with them as a 4 year old, drawing black pictures in kinder for months after (so my mum tells me). So in the summer it never really leaves your mind, will a fire start this year? ..."
What will be "Utterly shameful" is if the same mistakes are repeated again.
Reference
[0] The lack of news reporting of Strathewen can be seen here ~ www.flickr.com/photos/bootload/tags/strathewen
[1] DSE, Fire and other Emergencies, "Major Bushfires in Victoria",
[Accessed Tuesday May 19, 2009]
www.dse.vic.gov.au/DSE/nrenfoe.nsf/LinkView/E20ACF3A4A127...
[2] I'm not sure about lives. It was reported 32 people lost their lives in the "Dandenongs, The Basin, Christmas Hills, Kinglake, St Andrews, Hurstbridge, Warrandyte and Mitcham".
[3] "ABC", "Black Friday, 1939: The Aftermath Kevin Tolhurst, Fire ecologist based at University of Melbourne, Creswick Campus"
www.flickr.com/photos/bootload/3524967622
[4] ABC, "The Aftermath: The Scientists, Dr. Kevin Tolhurst"
[Accessed Tuesday May 19, 2009]
www.abc.net.au/blackfriday/aftermath/ktolhurst.htm
[5] "2007FEB161323", "The flag flies half mast today, the 24th Anniversary of their passing away on Ash Wednesday, 16th February, 1983 in the hills not far from where I now live."
www.flickr.com/photos/bootload/391658960
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Click on image to enlarge.
Contributor.author: Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works
Date issued: 1960
Scale: 1:9600
Suburbs: Chadstone, Mount Waverley, Glen Waverley, Wantirna South, Oakleigh East, Clayton, Notting Hill, Mulgrave, Wheelers Hill, Scoresby, Oakleigh South, Huntingdale, Monash University
Subject:
Melbourne Metropolitan Area (Vic.) -- Maps
Melbourne Metropolitan Area (Vic.) -- Road maps
Access rights: Open Access
Identifier: hdl.handle.net/11343/124071
Linked resource: cat.lib.unimelb.edu.au/record=b2475148
Source: Melbourne University
Dioscoreaceae (yam family) » Dioscorea bulbifera
dy-oh-SKOR-ee-uh -- named for Pedanios Dioscorides, 1st century Greek pharmacologist
bulb-EE-fer-uh -- meaning, bearing bulbs
commonly known as: aerial yam, air potato, air yam, bitter yam, bulbil-bearing yam, cheeky yam, malacca yam, otaheite-potato , potato yam, shoebutton air potato • Bengali: বনআলু ban alu • Hindi: गैण्ठी gainthi, कदू कन्दा kadu kunda, रतालू ratalu (apt for D. purpurea) • Kannada: ಅಮ್ಬಲಿ ಗೆಣಸು ambali genasu, ಹಮ್ದಿಗೆಣಸು hamdigenasu, ಹೆಗ್ಗೆನಸು heggenasu, ಕುಮ್ಟಗೆಣಸು kuntagenasu, ನೇಗಿಲುಹೊನ್ನೆ negilugonne • Konkani: करंदो karamdo • Malayalam: കാച്ചില് kaacchil, പന്നികിഴങ്ങ pannikizhangu • Marathi: डुकरकंद dukar-kand, कडूकरंदा kadu-karanda, वाराही varahi • Nepalese: गीट्ठा giitthaa, गीट्ठे तरुल giitthe tarul, वन तरुल van tarul • Oriya: pita alu • Sanskrit: आलुकः aluka, वराहीकन्द varahi-kand • Tamil: காட்டுச்சீரகவள்ளி kaatu-c-ciraka-valli, காட்டுக்காய்வள்ளி kaattu-k-kaay-valli • Telugu: అడవి దుంప adavi dumpa
Native to: tropical Africa, China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, tropical Australia
References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • M.M.P.N.D. • IFAS
Euphorbiaceae (castor, euphorbia, or spurge family) » Mallotus philippensis
mal-LOH-tus -- fleecy, referring to the seed capsule
fil-lip-EN-sis -- of or from the Philippines; also spelled philippinensis
commonly known as: dyer's rottlera, kamala dye tree, monkey face tree, orange kamala, red kamala, scarlet croton • Bengali: কমলা kamala • Hindi: कामला kamala, रैनी raini, रोहन rohan, रोहिनी rohini, सिन्धुरी sinduri • Kannada: ಕುಮ್ಕುಮದ ಮರ kunkuma-damara • Malayalam: ചെങ്കൊല്ലി cenkolli, കുങ്കുമപ്പൂമരം kunkumappuumaram, കുരങ്ങുമഞ്ഞശ് kurangumanjas, നാവട്ട naavatta, നൂറിമരം nuurimaram • Marathi: कपिला kapila, केशरी kesari, शेंदरी shendri • Sanskrit: काम्पिल्यक kampilyaka • Tamil: கபிலப்பொடி kapila poti, குரங்குமஞ்சணாறி kuranku-mañcanari • Telugu:కుంకుమ చెట్టు kunkuma-chettu
Native to: China, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Australia
References: Flowers of India • M.M.P.N.D. • World Agroforestry Centre • Forest Flora of Andhra Pradesh
Leguminosae or Fabaceae s. l. (legume, pea, or bean family) » Mucuna pruriens
myoo-KOO-nuh -- from the Brazilian name for these vines
pruriens -- from Latin prurient, pruriens, present participle of prurire to itch
commonly known as: bengal bean, buffalo bean, cowach, cowage, cow itch, cowhage, hell fire bean, itchweed, itchy bean, Mauritius bean, nescafe, purple jade vine, sea bean, velvet bean, wild itchy bean • Bengali: আলকুশি alakusi • Hindi: जाङ्गली jangali, जड़ा jara, कवांच kavanch. केवांच kevanch, किवांच kivanch, konch • Kannada: ನಸುಗುನ್ನಿ nasugunni • Malayalam: നായ്ക്കുരണ naikkuran • Marathi: कवचकुइरी kavachkuiri, कवचकुइली kavachkuili, कवसकुइरी kavaskuiri, कवसकुइली kavaskuili, खाजरीकुइरी khazrikuiri, खाजरीकुइली khazrikuili • Sanskrit: आत्मगुप्ता atmagupta, कण्डूरा kandura, कपिकच्छ् kapikachu • Tamil: பூனைக்காலி punaikkali • Telugu: దూలగొండి dulagondi, కండూష్పల kanduspala, కపికచ్ఛూః kapikacchuh, pilliadugu • Urdu: جانگلي jangali, جڙا jara
Native to: Africa, India
References: Flowers of India • TopTropicals • Dave's Garden • M.M.P.N.D.