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Un orage (dérivé à l'aide du suffixe age de l'ancien français ore, signifiant « vent »1) est une perturbation atmosphérique d'origine convective associée à un type de nuage particulier : le cumulonimbus. Ce dernier est à forte extension verticale, il engendre des pluies fortes à diluviennes, des décharges électriques de foudre accompagnées de tonnerre. Dans des cas extrêmes, l'orage peut produire des chutes de grêle, des vents très violents et, rarement, des tornades.
Les orages peuvent se produire en toute saison, tant que les conditions d'instabilité et d'humidité de l'air sont présentes. Le plus grand nombre se retrouve sous les tropiques et leur fréquence diminue en allant vers les pôles où ils ne se produisent qu'exceptionnellement. Dans les latitudes moyennes, le nombre varie avec la saison.
A thunderstorm, also known as an electrical storm, lightning storm, or thundershower, is a storm characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effect on the Earth's atmosphere, known as thunder.[1] Thunderstorms occur in association with a type of cloud known as a cumulonimbus. They are usually accompanied by strong winds, heavy rain, and sometimes snow, sleet, hail, or, in contrast, no precipitation at all. Thunderstorms may line up in a series or become a rainband, known as a squall line. Strong or severe thunderstorms, known as supercells, rotate as do cyclones. While most thunderstorms move with the mean wind flow through the layer of the troposphere that they occupy, vertical wind shear sometimes causes a deviation in their course at a right angle to the wind shear direction.
雷暴是一種產生閃電及雷聲的自然天氣現象。它通常伴隨著滂沱大雨或冰雹，而在冬季時甚至會隨暴風雪而來。
雷暴可以在世界任何地方發生，甚至發生在兩極和沙漠地帶，但通常在低緯度的地方（特別是熱帶雨林地區）會較頻繁地發生，可以每日都會發生。在亞熱帶和溫帶等中緯度地區，雷暴則通常會在夏季的下午或傍晚發生，有時在冬季也會受冷鋒影響而有短時性雷暴。烏干達及印尼為全世界雷暴發生最頻繁的地方，除此之外，在美國中西部及南部州份會發生威力最強烈的雷暴，因為這些雷暴會與冰雹或龍捲風一起發生。至今為止，全世界從未出現過雷暴的地區只有南美洲智利北部的阿他加馬沙漠，該地因氣候過於乾燥和難以形成雨雲才會未出現過雷暴。
雷暴會在大氣不穩定時發生，並且會製造大量的雨水或冰晶。通常其發生有三種特定情況：地球大氣層低空帶的濕度很高，這可以由露點溫度觀察得到；高空與低空的溫度差異極大，亦即是氣溫遞減率極大；冷鋒受到外力的逼迫而匯聚。
在古老的文明裡，雷暴有著極大的影響力。不論是中國古代、古羅馬或美洲古文明皆有與雷暴相關的神話。source wikipédia
Lightning from severe thunderstorm in rural Sangamon county Illinois on the evening of April 7, 2021.
Nikon D3200
Nikon 18.0-55.0 mm f/3.5-5.6 Lens
ƒ/7.1
34.0 mm
4 sec.
iso200
WB 4750k
remote shutter release
noise filter on
Canon EOS R5 © 2025 Klaus Ficker. Photos are copyrighted. All rights reserved. Pictures can not be used without explicit permission by the creator.
The yellow area is a large backlit hail region. Overhead, the ragged ceiling is often referred to as The Whale's Mouth by storm chasers. This severe thunderstorm was a slow mover but I was lucky to have received only 1/2 inch hail for just a few minutes. My aspen tree leaves survived without much damage.
Video time lapse of this event can be viewed: www.flickr.com/photos/79387036@N07/51237618754/.
On the way to Saxon Switzerland I encountered this thunderstorm in the afternoon - you get in awe of the forces of nature!
Auf dem Weg in die Sächsische Schweiz traf ich am Nachmittag auf dieses Gewitter - da bekommt man schon Ehrfurcht vor den Naturgewalten!
building thunderstorms over Lake Erie to the northeast of the airport produced some every interesting skies at sunrise
Not the best day to be stood out on an exposed moor with thunder and lightning about. Once I feel the hair on the back of my neck stand up I know it’s time to go.
Bnsf 1686 sit's idling away at Clovis New Mexico. Meanwhile sever thunderstorms continue to rage to the south.
In the last days of the meteorological summer, showers and thunderstorms formed in a polar airmass. They looked more like autumn thunderstorms than the ones we saw earlier this summer.
Views were amazingly clear and transparent with beautiful convective structures. At sunset the anvil of such a storm was beautifully lit by the low sun.