View allAll Photos Tagged soilsampling
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Profile of Totatlanika fine-silty, mixed, active, subgelic Typic Histoturbels. Totatlanika soils have moderately deep mixed alluvium over permafrost. Segregated ice seen in this photo starting around 70 cm are common in these soils. (Soil Survey of Greater Nenana Area, Alaska; by Dennis Mulligan, Natural Resources Conservation Service)
Depth class: moderately deep
Drainage class: very poorly or poorly drained
Parent material: fine-silty alluvium
Landform: flood plains
Slopes: 0 to 2 percent
Mean annual precipitation: about 11 inches, 280 mm
Mean annual temperature: about 25 degrees F., -4 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, subgelic Typic Histoturbels
Particle-size control (section weighted average):
Percent clay in the control section: 20 to 35 percent
Soil moisture regime: aquic
Mean annual soil temperature: 26 degrees F., 50 cm
Thickness of organic materials: 8 to 15 inches, 20 to 37 cm
Texture of the fine silty mantle: silt loam or silty clay loam
Texture of the permafrost substratum: permanently frozen material
Percent clay in the fine silty mantle: 20 to 35 percent
Thickness of histic epipedon 8 to 16 inches, 20 to 37 cm
Thickness of redoximorphic concentrations: from 11 to 72 inches, 27 to 183 cm.
Thickness of redoximorphic depletions: from 15 to 72 inches, 38 to 183 cm.
Thickness of cryoturbation and gelic materials: 11 to 72 inches, 27 to 183 cm.
Depth to permafrost: 17 to 31 inches, 44 to 80 cm
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for recreation and wildlife habitat. The native vegetation includes black spruce and ericaceous shrub.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 229, Interior Alaska Lowlands, The series is of moderate extent.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/alaska/AK655/0...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/T/TOTATLANIKA.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
This soil is on level to gently undulating alluvial fans and plains. This soil is excessively drained. Median measured saturated hydraulic conductivity class for the surface layer is very high.
This soil is mostly used for rangeland grazing for camels. In areas where water is available, small farms have been developed. Where water resources have been depleted, cultivated lands are idle and returning to natural vegetation. Commonly described vegetation species include Acacia Tortilis, Haloxylon salicornicum, and Rhazya stricta. Vegetative cover is about 1 to 10%.
This soil is on gravelly alluvial fans and plains in a band from south to north along the west side of the mountains. The main distinguishing feature of this soil is the high gravel content and sandy textures with a relatively low but noticeable component of silt plus clay. The desert pavement of surface gravel provides some protection against wind erosion, but if disturbed, wind erosion can become a problem. Although the soil has limited water and nutrient holding capacity, where quality water is available it can be farmed successfully, although coarse gravels and cobbles present a limitation in some areas. Soil strength is high due to the gravelly nature of the soil and it can provide a good surface for building sites and roads.
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
This soil is on level to gently undulating plains in coastal sabkha. This soil is moderately well drained. Median measured saturated hydraulic conductivity class for the surface layer is high.
This soil is used mostly for natural areas. A few areas have been built up. Commonly described vegetation species include Halocnemum strobilaceum Halopeplis perfoliata, Haloxylon salicornicum, Zygophyllum mandavillei, and Zygophyllum qatarense. Vegetation cover is 1 to 40%.
This soil occurs in coastal sabkha, mostly in a narrow band between Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah. The main distinguishing feature of this soil is the concentration of gypsum in the soil surface layer, the permanently high water table, and the elevated salinity levels. It is not suited to agriculture. The high water table and hazard of subsidence due to gypsum content are concerns for building sites. This soil provides valuable habitat for shorebirds and other coastal plant and animal species.
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
This soil is on level to gently undulating plains in coastal sabkha. This soil is well drained. Median measured saturated hydraulic conductivity class for the surface layer is high.
This soil is used mostly for natural areas. A few areas have been built up. Commonly described vegetation species include Halocnemum strobilaceum, Haloxylon salicornicum, Zygophyllum mandavillei, and Zygophyllum simplex. Vegetation cover is 1 to 20%.
This soil occurs in coastal sabkha, mostly in a narrow band between Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah. The main distinguishing feature of this soil is the high gypsum, sodium, and salinity levels. It is not suited to agriculture. The hazard of subsidence due to gypsum content is a concern for building site development. This soil provides valuable habitat for shorebirds and other coastal plant and animal species.
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Soil profile: A representative soil profile of the Pacolet series. The surface layer of brown sandy clay loam is about 15 centimeters thick. The subsoil of red clay is at a depth of about 15 to 70 centimeters, and the loamy saprolite extends below a depth of about 150 centimeters. (Soil Survey of Wake County, North Carolina)
Landscape: Mixed hardwood forest growing on Pacolet sandy loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes, moderately eroded. This land use occurs throughout Greene County, occurring mostly on steeper slopes. These areas provide habitat and food for a variety of wildlife and contribute to the overall aesthetics of the county. (Soil Survey of Greene County, Georgia; by Dee C. Pederson and Gregory H. Clark, Natural Resources Conservation Service)
The Pacolet series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in residuum weathered mostly from felsic igneous and metamorphic rocks of the Piedmont uplands. Slopes commonly are 15 to 25 percent but range from 2 to 60 percent.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludults
The Bt horizon is at least 10 to 24 inches thick and extends to a depth of 18 to 30 inches. Depth to a lithic contact is more than 60 inches. The soil is very strongly acid to slightly acid in the A horizon, and very strongly acid to moderately acid throughout the rest of the profile. Content of rock fragments, dominantly gravel, ranges from 0 to 35 percent in the A and E horizons, and 0 to 15 percent in the Bt horizon. Most pedons have few to common flakes of mica in the solum, and few to many in the C horizon.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are in forests of pine and mixed hardwoods. Cleared areas are used for small grain, hay, and pasture.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Piedmont of Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. The series is of large extent. Pacolet soils were formerly mapped as a thin solum phase of the Cecil series.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/georgia/greene...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/P/PACOLET.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Cover: Profile of a shallow Udipsamment with an abrupt wavy boundary between the C horizon and bedrock. Depth to paralithic contact is 14 to 20 inches. Photo by John Kelley, Soil Scientist, Raleigh, North Carolina.
The soil image was taken during the Collegiate Soil Judging Contest held at Raleigh, NC. I had prepared the soil pit using the standard photo tape and took several different shots straight on to be used with future publications. As I looked back, I thought I'll take just one more shot from a different viewpoint and placed the shovel on the side of the pit for scale. Little did I know that this would be the one to be selected for numerous publications including the cover of the "Keys to Soil Taxonomy". You never know what will be your best, so that's why it's always smart to shoot... change perspective, shoot... change, shoot... SHOOT AGAIN!
With digital photography you can experiment as long as time allows!
For more information on Soil Taxonomy, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/soils/survey/class/
For more photos related to soils and landscapes visit:
This soil is on sand plains and dune fields in a narrow band adjacent to the western coast from Sharjah to Ras Al Khaimah. This soil is well drained. Median measured saturated hydraulic conductivity class for the surface layer is very high.
This soil is generally covered with natural vegetation of herbaceous species or shrubs. It is mostly used for rangeland, but areas are increasingly used for building site development. Commonly described vegetation species include Calotropis procera, Cornulaca monacantha, Haloxylon salicornicum, Zygophyllum qatarense, and Zygophyllum mandavillei. Vegetative cover is about 5 to 20%.
This soil is in a narrow band along the west coast from Sharjah to Ras Al Khaimah. The main distinguishing feature of this soil is the thick sandy profile of eolian origin. It is relatively light in color compared to most other soils and contains small pieces of shell fragments, often of sand-size, but occasionally larger. Salinity is variable in this soil, limiting its suitability for agriculture. Although the topography is somewhat uneven, it can generally be easily modified for building site development.
This soil is on alluvial plains. This soil is well drained. Median measured saturated hydraulic conductivity class for the surface layer is high.
This soil is commonly used for farming including fruits, vegetables, date palms, and animal fodder. A few previously farmed areas are now idle. The total area being built-up for housing, roads, and business is increasing. Some areas are in natural vegetation. Commonly described vegetation species include Haloxylon salicornicum, Prosopis cineraria, and Prosopis juliflora. Vegetation cover is 5 to 40%.
This soil is in the north-central part of the soil survey area, generally between Khatt and Ras Al
Khaimah. The main distinguishing feature of this soil is the relatively fine texture as compared to most other soils in the survey area, as well as the presence of a cambic subsoil horizon with elevated sodium levels. Where irrigation water is available, this soil is well adapted to agricultural use for most crops grown in the area. In areas with loam or silt loam surface layers, care should be taken to manage salt and sodium levels properly to avoid deterioration of soil structure resulting in inhibiting water infiltration rates.
Soil profile: A representative soil profile of a Haplosalid in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). (Typic Haplosalids, gypsic-aquic)
Landscape: A sabkha a few miles inland from the northern coast of the UAE.
Haplosalids are the Aridisols that have a salic horizon within 100 cm of the soil surface.
In the UAE Soil Taxonomy system, phases of soil taxa have been developed for those mineral soils that have soil properties or characteristics that occur at a deeper depth than currently identified for an established taxonomic subgroup (typically deeper than one meter) or soil properties that effect interpretations not currently recognized at the subgroup level. The phases which have been identified in the UAE include: anhydritic, aquic, calcic, gypsic, lithic, petrocalcic, petrogypsic, salic, salidic, shelly, and sodic.
Phases are added to the family classification separated by a comma (Typic Torripsamments, carbonatic, hyperthermic, salic). If more than one contrasting phase is needed, the phases are separated by a hyphen and listed in the same order as the Key (Typic Torripsamments, carbonatic, hyperthermic, lithic-salidic). Rarely are more than two phases used.
Aquic: mineral soils that have, at a depth of 100–200 cm from the soil surface saturation with water in one or more layers for 1 month or more in normal years.
Gypsic: Mineral soils that have, at a depth of 100–200 cm from the soil surface a gypsic horizon.
For more information about soil classification in the UAE, visit:
library.wur.nl/isric/fulltext/isricu_i34214_001.pdf
For additional information about soil classification, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/soils/survey/class...
For additional information about The UAE Keys, visit:
Soil profile: Soil profile: A representative soil profile of the Jumborox soil series. (Soil Survey of Joshua Tree National Park, California; by Carrie-Ann Houdeshell, Peter Fahnestock, Stephen Roecker, and Emily Meirik, Natural Resources Conservation Service, and Marchel Munnecke and Alice Miller, Pyramid Botanical Consultants)
Landscape: Cool Deep Sandy Fans on Jumborox soils. This ecological site occurs on fan aprons and fan remnants that are located adjacent to mountains. The soils are typically very deep and coarse textured. Elevations range from 3,280 to 5,200 feet. Slopes range from 2 to 15 percent. Cooler temperatures exclude creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) from this site and allow blackbrush (Coleogyne ramosissima) and California juniper (Juniperus californica) to dominate. This site includes some very large, oldgrowth Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia var. brevifolia) forests. At the higher elevations, Joshua tree is limited by freezing temperatures. At the lower elevations, blackbrush is limited by a low available soil water capacity. The production representative value (RV) is 595 pounds per acre but may range from 380 to 920 pounds per acre.
The Jumborox series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from granite, granitoid or gneissic rocks. The Jumborox soils are on fan remnants. Slopes range from 2 to 15 percent. The mean annual precipitation is 138 millimeters (5.5 inches) and the mean annual air temperature is about 15 degrees C (59 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Haplargids
Soil moisture control section: usually dry, moist in some parts for short periods during winter and early spring and for 10 to 20 days cumulative between July and September following summer convection storms. The soils have a typic-aridic soil moisture regime.
Soil temperature: 15 to 19 degrees C.
Surface rock fragments: ranges from 5 to 79 percent; with 5 to 70 percent fine gravel, 0 to 40 percent medium and coarse gravel and 0 to 3 percent cobbles.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/california/Jos...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/J/JUMBOROX.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
A representative soil profile of the Silstid soil series. (Soil Survey of Robertson County, Texas; by Harold W. Hyde, Natural Resources Conservation Service).
The Silstid series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in residuum weathered from beds of sandy or loamy materials and interbedded sandstones. These nearly level to sloping soils are on uplands. Slopes range from 0 to 8 percent.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Arenic Paleustalfs
Soil Moisture: An ustic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is dry in some or all parts for more than 90 days but less than 150 cumulative days in normal years.
Soil Depth: Very Deep, 152 to more than 203 cm (60 to more than 80 in).
Depth to abrupt textural change: 56 to 93 cm (22 to 36.6 in)
Depth to albic materials: 10 to 66 cm (4 to 26 in)
Depth to albic horizon: 10 to 66 cm (4 to 26 in)
Depth to argillic horizon: 56 to 93 cm (22 to 36.6 in)
Thickness of the Ochric epipedon: 10 to 66 cm (4 to 26 in)
Thickness of the A and E horizons: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 in).
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent in control section
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent
USE AND VEGETATION: Largely in rangeland. Small areas are cropped to peanuts or grain sorghum, or they are used as improved pasture. Native vegetation is blackjack oak, post oak, and yaupon with an understory of mid and tall grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and north central Texas; Land Resource Region J - Southwestern Prairies Cotton and Forage Region; MLRA 87A - Texas Claypan Areas, Southern Part. The series is of large extent. Silstid soils were formerly included in the Stidham series.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/texas/TX395/0/...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/S/SILSTID.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
Soil profile: Layland cobbly silt loam. Disoriented rock fragments indicate that this soil formed in colluvium. (Soil Survey of New River Gorge National River, West Virginia; by Wendy Noll and James Bell, Natural Resources Conservation Service)
Landscape: A view of the New River Gorge, looking upstream from Stretcher Neck. The moderately deep Dekalb soils occur on the convex portions of the landscape (nose slopes), and the very deep Layland soils occur in the concave positions (coves).
Layland-Dekalb-Rock outcrop complex, 55 to 80 percent slopes, extremely stony
Map Unit Setting
Major land resource area (MLRA): 127—Eastern Allegheny Plateau and Mountains
Landscape: Mountains
Elevation: 250 to 874 meters
Mean annual precipitation: 1,034 to 1,289 millimeters
Mean annual air temperature: 5 to 17 degrees C
Frost-free period: 141 to 190 days
Map Unit Composition
Layland and similar soils: 45 percent
Dekalb and similar soils: 30 percent
Rock outcrop: 10 percent
Dissimilar minor components: 15 percent
Description of the Layland Soil
Setting
Landform: Mountain slopes
Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountain flank
Down-slope shape: Linear and concave
Across-slope shape: Linear and concave
Aspect (representative): Southwest
Aspect range: All aspects
Slope range: 55 to 80 percent
Parent material: Extremely stony, acid colluvium derived from interbedded sedimentary rock
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/west_virginia/...
For a detailed description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/L/LAYLAND.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Soil profile: A Typic Petrocalcid, sandy, carbonatic, hyperthermic, shallow (Soil AD106).
This soil is in the Aridisol soil order. Aridisols, as their name implies, are soils in which water is not available to mesophytic plants for long periods. During most of the time when the soils are warm enough for plants to grow, soil water is held at potentials less than the permanent wilting point or has a content of soluble salts great enough to limit the growth of plants other than halophytes, or both. The concept of Aridisols is based on limited soil moisture available for the growth of most plants. In areas bordering deserts, the absolute precipitation may be sufficient for the growth of some plants. Because of runoff or a very low storage capacity of the soils, or both, however, the actual soil moisture regime is aridic.
These soils occur mainly on the eastern coastline areas (of the UAE) and also in older deflation plain locations. The soils are well drained or moderately well drained above the hardpan. The hardpans are very slow or moderately slow in permeability.
Landscape: A coastal sabkha along the north-central coast of the UAE. A sabkha is a coastal mudflat or sandflat in which evaporite-saline minerals accumulate as the result of semiarid to arid climate. Sabkhas are gradational between land and intertidal zone within restricted coastal plains just above normal high-tide level. Within a sabkha, evaporite-saline minerals sediments typically accumulate below the surface of mudflats or sandflats. Evaporite-saline minerals, tidal-flood, and aeolian deposits characterize many sabkhas found along modern coastlines. The accepted type locality for a sabkha is at the southern coast of the Persian Gulf, in the United Arab Emirates.
Soil feature: Fragments of the petrocalcic horizon with remnant shells. The soils are shallow or very shallow sand overlying calcium carbonate-rich cemented hardpan within 50cm.
For more information about soil classification in the UAE, visit:
"United Arab Emirates Keys to Soil Taxonomy" and "ICBA News"
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Soil profile: The Junaluska series consists of moderately deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils. (Soil Survey of Cherokee County, North Carolina; by Brian Wood and Southern Blue Ridge Soil Survey Office, Natural Resources
Conservation Service)
Landscape: An area of Junaluska-Brasstown complex, 15 to 30 percent slopes. Junaluska soils are on ridges and side slopes of the Southern Appalachian Mountains. They formed in residuum that is affected by soil creep in the upper part, and is weathered from low grade metasedimentary rocks, such as phyllite, slate, and low grade, thinly bedded metasandstone. Slope ranges from 3 to 95 percent. Mean annual temperature is 56 degrees F., and mean annual precipitation is about 60 inches near the type location.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, subactive, mesic Typic Hapludults
Solum thickness ranges from 15 to 40 inches. Depth to a Cr horizon of weathered bedrock is 20 to 40 inches. The upper boundary of the Cr horizon represents a paralithic contact. Depth to hard bedrock is greater than 40 inches. The soil is extremely acid to moderately acid unless limed. Content of mica flakes ranges from few to common. Content of rock fragments ranges up to 35 percent by volume in the A, B, and C horizons.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the soil is in forest. Common trees are chestnut oak, white oak, scarlet oak, black oak, northern red oak, and hickory with some eastern white pine, Virginia pine, pitch pine, shortleaf pine, blackgum, and red maple. The understory includes flowering dogwood, rhododendron, mountain laurel, sourwood, blueberry, buffalo nut. A small acreage is cleared and used for pasture and hayland.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee, and Virginia. The series is of moderate extent.
The Junaluska series describes soils that were previously mapped in the Sylco series. However, Junaluska soils have an argillic horizon and average less than 35 percent by volume rock fragments.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/north_carolina...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/J/JUNALUSKA.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
A representative soil profile of Statler loam. Statler soils are very deep, have dark surface layers, formed from old alluvium, and consist of fine-loamy material. They occur in mountain valleys of low and intermediate mountains throughout the survey area. (Soil Survey of Graham County, North Carolina; by Brian Wood and Southern Blue Ridge Soil Survey Office, Natural Resources Conservation Service)
The Statler series consists of very deep well drained soils that formed in loamy alluvium. These soils are on low terraces. Slope is dominantly 0 to 5 percent but ranges up to 15 percent on narrow slopes leading down to the adjacent first bottoms.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Humic Hapludults
Thickness of solum ranges from about 30 to 80 inches. The soil is moderately acid or strongly acid in each horizon except the surface layer is less acid where limed. Limed soils tipically range from slightly acid to neutral in the upper part. Very fine to medium size flakes of mica in each horizon range from few or none to common. The amount of coarse fragments ranges from 0 to about 15 percent by volume in the A and B horizons and from 0 to about 30 percent in the C horizon. Transitional horizons have colors and textures similar to adjacent horizons.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for growing hay, pasture, vegetables, corn, tobacco, horticultural crops, christmas trees, orchards, and small grains.
Distributon and Extent: In the Unaka Mountain range and along the eastern edge of the Appalachian ridges and valleys province in Tennessee and in the mountainous areas of Georgia, North Carolina, and Virginia.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/north_carolina...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/S/STATLER.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
A soil profile of a Kandiustult in Zambia. This soil has a reddish yellow kandic horizon beginning at a depth of about 20 centimeters.(Soil Survey Staff. 2015. Illustrated guide to Soil Taxonomy. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, National Soil Survey Center, Lincoln, Nebraska)
Kandiustults have a kandic (very low cation-exchange capacity) subsoil horizon. They have a clay distribution in which the percentage of clay does not decrease from its maximum amount by as much as 20% within a depth of 150 cm. The natural vegetation consisted of forest. Many of the soils have been cleared and are used as cropland or pasture.
For additional information about soil classification, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/survey/cla...
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Xinxing County is a county of the prefecture-level city of Yunfu in Guangdong, China.
The government of China has placed great importance on work relating to agriculture, rural areas, and the rural population. Since the convening of the Sixteenth National Congress, the government has implemented a series of policies to strengthen agriculture, benefit the rural population, and enable people in rural areas to prosper and thus ensuring balanced development of urban and rural areas. These efforts have brought about remarkable advances in China's agricultural and rural development. China's grain output has grown steadily for years, and overall progress has been made in farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. The development of agriculture is our number one priority and the key focus of our macro-control policies.
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Note: The left side of the photo exhibits natural soil structure. The right side has been smoothed.
A representative soil profile of the Uhland soils series. (Soil Survey of Robertson County, Texas; by Harold W. Hyde, Natural Resources Conservation Service)
The Uhland series consists of very deep, moderately well drained, moderately slowly permeable soils that formed in alluvium. These soils are in nearly level flood plains. Slopes range from 0 to 1 percent.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, siliceous, superactive, thermic Aquic Haplustepts
The depth of alluvial sediments ranges from about 6 to 15 feet. The solum is more than 80 inches thick. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to slightly alkaline throughout. Average clay content of the 10- to 40- inch particle-size control section ranges from 10 to 18 percent. There is an irregular decrease in organic carbon and most pedons have a buried A horizon within the particle-size control section. Redox depletions and aquic conditions are in some subhorizon within a depth of 20 to 30 inches of the soil surface during most years. Most pedons have few to about 5 percent siliceous and/or ironstone pebbles, mainly less than one half inch across, in some horizons. Iron manganese concretions and/or masses range from few to common in some horizons.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for improved pasture or rangeland. Native vegetation includes scattered oak, elm, and willow with an understory of indiangrass, switchgrass, panicles, sedges, and yauping.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: This soil occurs mainly in the Texas clasp area (MLRA 87A). The series is extensive.
This soil has been previously included with the Iuka series. The classification is changed from Aquic Ustifluvents to Aquic Ustochrepts (August, 1994) based on the results of a field study that indicates it has a cambic horizon. It should be noted that an alternative classification would be Fluvaquentic Ustochrepts. This subgroup is not presently in Soil Taxonomy. Texas plans to submit a proposal to include the Fluvaquentic subgroup in Ustochrepts.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/texas/TX395/0/...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/U/UHLAND.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
Soil profile: A representative soil profile of the Teapot series. (Soil Survey of Pinnacles National Monument, California; by Ken Oster, Natural Resources Conservation Service)
Landscape: Typical area of a Teapot soil. This soil is used for watershed, wildlife habitat and recreation. Vegetation is Chamise chaparral.
The Teapot series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in residuum derived from diatomaceous mudstone. The Teapot soils are on hills. Slopes range from 35 to 50 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 17 inches (432 millimeters) and the mean annual air temperature is about 61 degrees F (16 degrees C).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, acid, thermic Typic Xerorthents
Mean annual soil temperature: 60 to 63 degrees F (16 to 17 degrees C).
Soil moisture control section: dry in all parts from about May 15 to November 15 (180 days), and moist in all parts from about January 15 to April 15 (90 days).
Particle size control section: Clay: ranges 11 to 25 percent; Coarse fragments: ranges 50 to 80 percent mostly gravel and cobbles.
USE AND VEGETATION: This soil is used for watershed, wildlife habitat and recreation. Vegetation is Chamise chaparral.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: San Benito County, California in MLRA 15 Central California Coast Range. These soils are of small extent. Source of name is a rock formation in Pinnacles National Monument. This series was established based on limited acreage observed within the National Park Service Pinnacles National Monument boundary.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/california/CA7...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/T/TEAPOT.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Soil profile: A representative soil profile of the Rimtrail series. (Soil Survey of Pinnacles National Monument, California; by Ken Oster, Natural Resources Conservation Service)
Landscape: Typical area of a Rimtrail soil. This soil is used for watershed, wildlife habitat and recreation. Vegetation is annual grasses and forbs.
The Rimtrail series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium from granite. The Rimtrail soils are on valley floors. Slopes range from 0 to 5 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 17 inches (432 millimeters) and the mean annual air temperature is about 61 degrees F (16 degrees C).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Pachic Argixerolls
Depth to bedrock: over 60 inches (155 centimeters).
Mean annual soil temperature: 60 to 63 degrees F (16 to 17 degrees C).
Soil moisture control section: dry in all parts from about May 15 to November 15 (180 days), and moist in all parts from about January 15 to April 15 (90 days).
Soil reaction: neutral to slightly alkaline throughout the profile.
Particle size control section: Clay: ranges 20 to 35 percent; Coarse fragments: ranges 15 to 35 percent, mostly gravel.
Base saturation by sum of cations: 94 to 100%
USE AND VEGETATION: This soil is used for watershed, wildlife habitat and recreation. Vegetation is annual grasses and forbs.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: San Benito County, California in MLRA 14 Central California Coastal Valleys. These soils are of small extent. Source of name is a rock formation in Pinnacles National Monument. This series was established based on limited acreage observed within the National Park Service Pinnacles National Monument boundary.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/california/CA7...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/R/RIMTRAIL.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
A Fluvaquentic Endoaquept from the Guangdong Province of China.
These soils have either 0.2 percent or more organic carbon (Holocene age) at a depth of 125 cm below the mineral soil surface or an irregular decrease in organic-carbon content (Holocene age) between a depth of 25 cm and either a depth of 125 cm below the mineral soil surface or a densic, lithic, or paralithic contact, whichever is shallower. They also have slopes of less than 25 percent.
These soils are extensive in the United States. They are on flood plains in all parts of the country, except for the coldest and the driest parts. The native vegetation is mostly water-tolerant trees and grasses. Some of these soils are used as forest, and some have been cleared and artificially drained and are used as cropland or pasture.
This soil is on alluvial plains. This soil is well drained. Median measured saturated hydraulic conductivity class for the surface layer is high.
This soil is commonly used for rangeland grazing or is in small farms. Commonly described vegetation species include Calotropis procera, Haloxylon salicornicum, and Prosopis cineraria. Vegetation cover is 1 to 25%.
This soil is of small extent in the central part of the soil survey area. The main distinguishing feature of this soil is the fine texture throughout most of the profile as compared to most other soils in the survey area, as well as the presence of a cambic subsoil horizon. Where irrigation water is available, this soil is well adapted to agricultural use for most crops grown in the area, but due to the small areas of this soil, development may not be practical.
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
A representative soil profile of a Typic Dystrudept in China.
The central concept or Typic subgroup of Dystrudepts is fixed on soils that are moderately deep or deep to hard rock, are freely drained and acid, have an ochric epipedon, and do not have any intermittent argillic, natric, or kandic horizon. In addition, the percentage of organic carbon of Holocene age decreases regularly with increasing depth and is very low at a depth of 125 cm. Typic Dystrudepts are extensive in the United States. They are widely distributed. The largest concentration is in the Northeastern States. The native vegetation consists mostly of mixed forest. Most of these soils are used as forest. Many of the less sloping soils have been cleared and are used as cropland or pasture.
For additional information about soil classification, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/soils/survey/class...
Tapping rubber trees, latex collection and processing of raw rubber. Many plants produce latex, which oozes from cuts and injuries as a milky sap. Special cells called laticifers produce latex. The Amazon Rubber Boom (1879 to 1912) was an important part of the economic and social history of Brazil and Amazonian regions of neighboring countries, being related to the extraction and commercialization of rubber.
For more information about soil surveys in Brazil, visit:
acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.2136/sh2013-54...
A typical profile of a Dewey soil. The Dewey soils, which are very deep and well drained, have few limitations. (Soil Survey of McMinn County, Tennessee; by Richard L. Livingston and Melissa C. Oliver, Natural Resources Conservation Service)
The Dewey series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils on uplands. These soils formed in residuum of limestone or in 1 to 2 feet of old alluvium and the underlying residuum from limestone. Slopes range from 2 to 40 percent.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Paleudults
Thickness of the solum and depth to limestone bedrock are more than 60 inches. The soil is strongly acid or very strongly acid unless limed. Rock fragments are mostly gravel size chert and range from 0 to 15 percent in each horizon. Some horizons range up to 25 percent below 40 inches.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cleared and used for row crops, small grain, hay, pasture. The native vegetation is mixed hardwoods.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Appalachian Ridges (MLRA 128) and Valleys and the Highland Rim and Pennyroyal (MLRA 122) in Tennessee, northwest Georgia, and northern Alabama. The series is of large extent.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/tennessee/mcmi...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/D/DEWEY.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay