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Soil profile: A representative soil profile of the Rimtrail series. (Soil Survey of Pinnacles National Monument, California; by Ken Oster, Natural Resources Conservation Service)
The Rimtrail series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium from granite. The Rimtrail soils are on valley floors. Slopes range from 0 to 5 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 17 inches (432 millimeters) and the mean annual air temperature is about 61 degrees F (16 degrees C).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Pachic Argixerolls
Depth to bedrock: over 60 inches (155 centimeters).
Mean annual soil temperature: 60 to 63 degrees F (16 to 17 degrees C).
Soil moisture control section: dry in all parts from about May 15 to November 15 (180 days), and moist in all parts from about January 15 to April 15 (90 days).
Soil reaction: neutral to slightly alkaline throughout the profile.
Particle size control section: Clay: ranges 20 to 35 percent; Coarse fragments: ranges 15 to 35 percent, mostly gravel.
Base saturation by sum of cations: 94 to 100%
USE AND VEGETATION: This soil is used for watershed, wildlife habitat and recreation. Vegetation is annual grasses and forbs.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: San Benito County, California in MLRA 14 Central California Coastal Valleys. These soils are of small extent. Source of name is a rock formation in Pinnacles National Monument. This series was established based on limited acreage observed within the National Park Service Pinnacles National Monument boundary.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/california/CA7...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/R/RIMTRAIL.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
RMFs (Redoximorphic features) consist of color patterns in a soil that are caused by loss (depletion) or gain (concentration) of pigment compared to the matrix color, formed by oxidation/reduction of iron and/or manganese coupled with their removal, translocation, or accrual.
Soil scientists record the characteristics of the pedons, associated plant communities, geology, landforms, and other features that they study. They describe the kind and arrangement of soil horizons and their color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them to classify and identify soils. They describe plant species present (their combinations, productivity, and condition) to classify plant communities, correlate them to the soils with which they are typically associated, and predict their response to management and change.
For more soil related images, visit:
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
A soil profile of a Natrargid. Due to its high sodium content and high level of illuvial clay, the subsoil meets the criteria for a natric horizon. Note the columnar structure capped with white silt coatings (beginning at a depth of about 15 centimeters) that is characteristic of many natric horizons. (Soil Survey Staff. 2015. Illustrated guide to Soil Taxonomy. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, National Soil Survey Center, Lincoln, Nebraska)
Natrargids have a natric (high levels of illuvial clay and sodium) horizon that commonly has prismatic or columnar structure. They generally contain carbonates, soluble salts, or both. These soils formed in sediments that range in age from Holocene to late-Pleistocene. Most of them are nearly level to gently sloping. Natrargids occur in the western part of the United States and on the western edge of the Great Plains.
For additional information about soil classification, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/survey/cla...
Xinxing County is a county of the prefecture-level city of Yunfu in Guangdong, China.
The government of China has placed great importance on work relating to agriculture, rural areas, and the rural population. Since the convening of the Sixteenth National Congress, the government has implemented a series of policies to strengthen agriculture, benefit the rural population, and enable people in rural areas to prosper and thus ensuring balanced development of urban and rural areas. These efforts have brought about remarkable advances in China's agricultural and rural development. China's grain output has grown steadily for years, and overall progress has been made in farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. The development of agriculture is our number one priority and the key focus of our macro-control policies.
Soil scientists record the characteristics of the pedons, associated plant communities, geology, landforms, and other features that they study. They describe the kind and arrangement of soil horizons and their color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them to classify and identify soils. They describe plant species present (their combinations, productivity, and condition) to classify plant communities, correlate them to the soils with which they are typically associated, and predict their response to management and change.
A representative soil profile of the Sadler soil series in Ohio County, Kentucky.
The Sadler series consists of deep or very deep, moderately well drained soils with a fragipan in the subsoil. The soil formed in a mantle of loess underlain by residuum of acid sandstone, siltstone, and shale on level to rolling upland ridgetops. Slopes range from 0 to 12 percent. (Kentucky Soil Atlas; by Anastasios D. Karathanasis, University of Kentucky)
Landscape: Sadler soils are on level to rolling upland ridgetops. Slopes range from 0 to 12 percent. The soil formed in 12 to 48 inches of loess underlain by residuum of acid sandstone, siltstone, and shale. Most areas are used for corn, small grains, soybeans, tobacco, specialized truck crops, hay, and pasture. The remainder are in forest. Native vegetation is chiefly oak, hickory, maple, gum poplar, dogwood, beech, ironwood, persimmon, and sassafras.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, semiactive, mesic Oxyaquic Fraglossudalfs
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Western Coalfields part of Kentucky (MLRA 120), southern and southeastern Ohio, Missouri and possibly Arkansas. The series is of moderate extent. The Sadler soils previously were included in the Tilsit series.
For additional information about Kentucky soils, visit:
uknowledge.uky.edu/pss_book/4/
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/S/SADLER.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Shoring, exit ramps, and other safety measures must be used to protect staff in deep trenches. (Photo courtesy of Wayne Gabriel)
A soil scientist examines the soil often in the course of mapping. Examination of both horizontal and vertical variations is essential. Operators must be trained to use the equipment efficiently, and safety standards must be met. Overhead and underground power lines, which pose electrical hazards, and other utilities must be located and avoided. Slopes may be too steep for safe operation of machinery. It is important to recognize soil properties that make trench walls prone to collapsing and thus dangerous for anyone in a pit. Designing backhoe trenches with benching, shoring, and exit ramps can improve safety.
This soil is in wadis and on alluvial plains throughout much of the western two-thirds of the area. This soil is somewhat excessively drained. Median measured saturated hydraulic conductivity class for the surface layer is high.
This soil is mostly used for rangeland grazing for camels. A few areas are developed for agriculture. Commonly described vegetation species include Acacia tortilis, Calotropis procera, and Haloxylon salicornicum. Vegetation cover is about 1 to 8%.
The main distinguishing feature of this soil is the profile of thick stratified sandy and gravelly
alluvium. It has limited water and nutrient holding capacity and is subject to wind erosion. Where water is available, this soil has good potential for agriculture. Where this soil is in wadis it may be subject to rare flood events.
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
The Korell series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in alluvium. These soils are on flood plains. Slopes are 0 to 8 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 14 inches and mean annual temperature is about 43 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Fluventic Haplustolls
Soil temperature - 42 to 47 degrees F.
Moisture control section - between 4 and 12 inches.
Mollic epipedon thickness - 7 to 15 inches.
The organic carbon decreases irregularly with depth.
An Ab horizon up to 6 inches thick is allowed.
USE AND VEGETATION: Korell soils are used mainly for irrigated and nonirrigated cropland. The native vegetation is mainly bluebunch wheatgrass, green needlegrass, needleandthread, western wheatgrass, and prairie junegrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Korell soils are inextensive in the valleys of western Montana. MLRA 43B, 44B, 46 and 54.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/north_dakota/N...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/K/KORELL.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Soil profile: A representative soil profile of the Mimosa soil series. (Soil Survey of Macon County. Tennessee, by Charlie McCowan, Natural Resources Conservation Service)
The Mimosa series consists of deep, well drained, slowly permeable soils that formed in clayey residuum from phosphatic limestone. These soils are on gently sloping to steep uplands with medium to rapid runoff. Near the type location, average annual precipitation is 49 inches and average annual air temperature is 60 degrees F. Slopes range from 2 to 45 percent.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, semiactive, thermic Typic Hapludalfs
Solum thickness and depth to rock ranges from 40 to 60 inches. Rock fragments range from 0 to 25 percent in the surface layer and 5 percent or less below. The fragments are mostly chert and most areas have less than 15 percent in the surface layer. The soil is medium acid to very strongly acid except the layer just above bedrock is medium acid to mildly alkaline. Phosphorous content of each horizon is medium to high.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the acreage of these soils have been cleared, but some areas reverted back to trees. Most cleared areas are used for growing pasture and hay. Wooded areas are in oak, hickory, black walnut, elm, maple, hackberry, black and honey locust, and redcedar.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Central Basin of Tennessee and possibly in northern Alabama. The soil is extensive.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/tennessee/maco...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/M/MIMOSA.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
A representative soil profile of the Teapot series. (Soil Survey of Pinnacles National Monument, California; by Ken Oster, Natural Resources Conservation Service)
The Teapot series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in residuum derived from diatomaceous mudstone. The Teapot soils are on hills. Slopes range from 35 to 50 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 17 inches (432 millimeters) and the mean annual air temperature is about 61 degrees F (16 degrees C).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, acid, thermic Typic Xerorthents
Mean annual soil temperature: 60 to 63 degrees F (16 to 17 degrees C).
Soil moisture control section: dry in all parts from about May 15 to November 15 (180 days), and moist in all parts from about January 15 to April 15 (90 days).
Particle size control section: Clay: ranges 11 to 25 percent; Coarse fragments: ranges 50 to 80 percent mostly gravel and cobbles.
USE AND VEGETATION: This soil is used for watershed, wildlife habitat and recreation. Vegetation is Chamise chaparral.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: San Benito County, California in MLRA 15 Central California Coast Range. These soils are of small extent. Source of name is a rock formation in Pinnacles National Monument. This series was established based on limited acreage observed within the National Park Service Pinnacles National Monument boundary.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/california/CA7...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/T/TEAPOT.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Soil profile: A representative soil profile of the Ola series.
The Ola series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils that formed in colluvium and residuum derived from intrusive igneous and metamorphic rocks. Ola soils are on pediments, hills, and mountains. Slopes are 6 to 80 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 460 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 6 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Pachic Haploxerolls
Soil moisture: Usually moist, moist in winter and spring, dry in late summer and fall; xeric soil moisture regime.
Soil temperature: 6 to 8 degrees C.
Depth to bedrock: 50 to 100 cm to a paralithic (or lithic) contact.
Reaction: Slightly acid or neutral.
Other features: The mollic epipedon commonly extends to the bedrock contact.
Particle-size control section - Rock fragments: Lithology of fragments is intrusive igneous (plutonic) rocks such as granite and metamorphic rocks such as quartzite.
USE AND VEGETATION: Ola soils are used primarily for rangeland and wildlife habitat. Dominant natural vegetation is Idaho fescue, bluebunch wheatgrass, antelope bitterbrush, and mountain big sagebrush with widely scattered ponderosa pine.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southwestern and south-central Idaho and areas in northern Nevada. These soils are moderately extensive. MLRAs 10, 11, 23, and 25.
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/O/OLA.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
A representative soil profile of the Silawa soil series. (Soil Survey of Robertson County, Texas; by Harold W. Hyde, Natural Resources Conservation Service),
The Silawa series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in sandy and loamy sediments. These soils are on nearly level to strongly sloping terraces. Slopes range from 0 to 12 percent.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Ultic Haplustalfs
Solum thickness ranges from 40 to 60 inches. The percent clay decreases by 20 percent or more of the maximum at a depth of 30 to 60 inches. Clay content of the particle size control section ranges from 18 to 35 percent. Siliceous pebbles range from 0 to 10 percent throughout the A, E, and Bt horizons. Base saturation throughout the argillic varies from 35 to 70 percent.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for tame pasture or native range. A few areas are used for truck crops. Native vegetation is mainly post oak and blackjack oak with an understory of mid and tall grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Texas and possibly southern Oklahoma. The series is moderately extensive. These soils were formerly included with the Konawa series.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/texas/TX395/0/...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/S/SILAWA.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Haplosalids are the Aridisols that have a salic horizon within 100 cm of the soil surface. In the UAE Soil Taxonomy system, phases of soil taxa have been developed for those mineral soils that have soil properties or characteristics that occur at a deeper depth than currently identified for an established taxonomic subgroup (typically deeper than one meter) or soil properties that effect interpretations not currently recognized at the subgroup level. The phases which have been identified in the UAE include: anhydritic, aquic, calcic, gypsic, lithic, petrocalcic, petrogypsic, salic, salidic, shelly, and sodic.
Soil profile: A representative soil profile of a Haplosalid in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). (Typic Haplosalids, gypsic-aquic)
Landscape: A sabkha a few miles inland from the northern coast of the UAE.
Soil Feature: Gypsum crystal. (The small voids in the lower subsoil are a result of the removal of gypsum crystals.)
Phases are added to the family classification separated by a comma (Typic Torripsamments, carbonatic, hyperthermic, salic). If more than one contrasting phase is needed, the phases are separated by a hyphen and listed in the same order as the Key (Typic Torripsamments, carbonatic, hyperthermic, lithic-salidic). Rarely are more than two phases used.
Aquic: mineral soils that have, at a depth of 100–200 cm from the soil surface saturation with water in one or more layers for 1 month or more in normal years.
Gypsic: Mineral soils that have, at a depth of 100–200 cm from the soil surface a gypsic horizon.
For more information about soil classification in the UAE, visit:
"United Arab Emirates Keys to Soil Taxonomy" and "ICBA News"
A soil profile of a Placorthod in New Zealand that has a thin, cemented placic horizon just a few mm thick at the wavy contact between the dark reddish brown material above and the yellowish brown material below (about 40 centimeter depth). (Soil Survey Staff. 2015. Illustrated guide to Soil Taxonomy. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, National Soil Survey Center, Lincoln, Nebraska)
The placic horizon is a root-restrictive subsoil horizon that is cemented by iron and organic matter. Lateral continuity is such that spaces where roots can penetrate are more than 10 cm apart. The placic horizon is dark in color, ranging from black to dark red. It is generally thin, commonly 2 to 10 mm in thickness, and is mostly found within 50 cm of the soil surface. It generally occurs in cool, moist climates with low evapotranspiration rates but is also known to occur in warm, humid areas. It is frequently associated with stratified deposits, such as ash layers.
For additional information about soil classification, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/survey/cla...
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
The Shibekah series is a very deep, well drained soil formed in sandy marine deposits with a thin sand mantle. It is deep (100 to 150 cm) to a water table. The sloughing of the soil at a depth of 140cm is the result of a fluctuating water table.
Taxonomic classification: Salidic Torriorthents, sandy, carbonitic, hyperthemic, aquic-shelly
Diagnostic subsurface horizon described in this profile is: None.
Salidic Toriorthents soils that have an ECe of more than 8 to less than 30 dS m −1 in a layer 10 cm or more thick at a depth of more than 100 to 200 cm from the soil surface. These Torriorthents are saturated with water in one or more layers below 100 cm and above 200 cm of the mineral soil surface. Some of the soils have redox depletions with low chroma (2 or less) at a depth below 100 cm from the mineral soil surface. These Torriorthents are considered intergrades to Aquents. They are not extensive.
The pH (1:1) ranges from 7.0 to 8.7 throughout the profile. The EC (1:1) ranges from 0.2 to 10.0 dS/m above 100 cm, and from 2.0 to 40.0 dS/m below 100 cm. Depth to the water table ranges from 100 to 150 cm. Fragments of seashells range from 1 to 50% and are generally quite variable from layer to layer.
The A horizon ranges from 10 to 25 cm thick. It has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 4. It is fine sand, loamy fine sand, or sandy loam.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 4. It is coarse sand, sand, fine sand, or loamy fine sand; including channery, or very channery texture modifiers. Individual layers of very fine sandy loam or sandy loam are also included, but they make up less than half of the particle-size control section.
For more information about soil classification in the UAE, visit:
A representative soil profile of Namur channery silt loam. This very shallow soil has limestone bedrock within a depth of about 15 to 25 centimeters. (Soil Survey of Alpena County, Michigan; by Thomas E. Williams, Michigan Department of Agriculture)
The Namur series consists of excessively drained soils which are very shallow to a lithic contact with dolostone. They formed in a very thin mantle of loess or loamy till underlain by dolostone on glaciated karst uplands .Slope ranges from 0 to 20 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 762 mm (30 inches). Mean annual air temperature is about 5.6 degrees C (42 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, active, frigid Lithic Hapludolls
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 25 cm (4 to 10 inches)
Depth to bedrock: 10 to 25 cm (4 to 10 inches)
Volume of dolostone channers: 3 to 35 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline
Special features: Carbonates are in the loamy mantle in some pedons.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil are used for pastureland. Some areas are used for cropland or orchards. Where orchards are grown, the soil's effective depth often has been increased by blasting to a depth of several meters (feet). Native vegetation is sparse deciduous and coniferous forest with grassy understory.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 94A, and 95A in Northeastern Michigan and Wisconsin. The series is of moderate extent.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/michigan/MI007...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/N/NAMUR.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
Note the size of the garden. Each family is allowed 1 to 2 mou's for cultivation. A mou is a Chinese unit of land measurement that varies with location, but is commonly 806.65 square yards (0.165 acre, or 666.5 square meters).
A representative soil profile of Spot peat in Michigan. The cemented zone between depths of 38 and 53 centimeters results in bog vegetation of spagnum moss, leatherleaf, and wintergreen. (Soil Survey of Alpena County, Michigan; by Thomas E. Williams, Michigan Department of Agriculture)
The Spot series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils on outwash plains, lake plains, and ground moraines. These soils formed in sandy glaciofluvial deposits. Permeability is moderate or moderately rapid through the ortstein layer and rapid in the remainder of the profile. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 30 inches, and mean annual temperature is about 43 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, frigid, shallow, ortstein Typic Duraquods
(Unless otherwise stated the depth ranges in this paragraph are measured from the mineral surface.) The solum is 16 to 28 inches thick. Depth to the ortstein ranges from 6 to 15 inches, and ranges from 1 to 3 inches thick. Gravel content ranges from 0 to 5 percent throughout the pedon. The soil is saturated to the surface for 90 to 120 days when the soil temperature is above 5 degrees C.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil are forested. Common trees are black spruce, northern white cedar, aspen, red maple, paper birch, tamarack, and white pine. Some areas consist of acid bog vegetation or grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern and central Upper Peninsula of Michigan and the northern part of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. This soil is of minor extent.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/michigan/MI007...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/S/SPOT.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Paul try to console a bird in distress
Photo Credit: Jeffrey Dubinsky
Copyright: DubinskyPhotography.com
May not be used for commercial or editorial purposes without the express consent of Dubinsky Photography.
Soil profile: A representative soil profile of a Plinthic Paleaquult for the Guangdong Province of China. (PRC-05).
These soils have 5 to 50 percent (by volume) plinthite in some horizon within 150 cm of the mineral soil surface. They are of small extent in the Southern United States. These soils are used as forest or have been cleared and are used as cropland or pasture.
For more information about describing, sampling, classifying, and/or mapping soils, please refer to the following references: "Field Book for Describing and Sampling Soils", "Keys to Soil Taxonomy", and the "Soil Survey Manual".
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Profile of Totatlanika fine-silty, mixed, active, subgelic Typic Histoturbels. Totatlanika soils have moderately deep mixed alluvium over permafrost. Segregated ice seen in this photo starting around 70 cm are common in these soils. (Soil Survey of Greater Nenana Area, Alaska; by Dennis Mulligan, Natural Resources Conservation Service)
Depth class: moderately deep
Drainage class: very poorly or poorly drained
Parent material: fine-silty alluvium
Landform: flood plains
Slopes: 0 to 2 percent
Mean annual precipitation: about 11 inches, 280 mm
Mean annual temperature: about 25 degrees F., -4 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, subgelic Typic Histoturbels
Particle-size control (section weighted average):
Percent clay in the control section: 20 to 35 percent
Soil moisture regime: aquic
Mean annual soil temperature: 26 degrees F., 50 cm
Thickness of organic materials: 8 to 15 inches, 20 to 37 cm
Texture of the fine silty mantle: silt loam or silty clay loam
Texture of the permafrost substratum: permanently frozen material
Percent clay in the fine silty mantle: 20 to 35 percent
Thickness of histic epipedon 8 to 16 inches, 20 to 37 cm
Thickness of redoximorphic concentrations: from 11 to 72 inches, 27 to 183 cm.
Thickness of redoximorphic depletions: from 15 to 72 inches, 38 to 183 cm.
Thickness of cryoturbation and gelic materials: 11 to 72 inches, 27 to 183 cm.
Depth to permafrost: 17 to 31 inches, 44 to 80 cm
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for recreation and wildlife habitat. The native vegetation includes black spruce and ericaceous shrub.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 229, Interior Alaska Lowlands, The series is of moderate extent.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/alaska/AK655/0...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/T/TOTATLANIKA.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
This soil is on level to gently undulating alluvial fans and plains. This soil is excessively drained. Median measured saturated hydraulic conductivity class for the surface layer is very high.
This soil is mostly used for rangeland grazing for camels. In areas where water is available, small farms have been developed. Where water resources have been depleted, cultivated lands are idle and returning to natural vegetation. Commonly described vegetation species include Acacia Tortilis, Haloxylon salicornicum, and Rhazya stricta. Vegetative cover is about 1 to 10%.
This soil is on gravelly alluvial fans and plains in a band from south to north along the west side of the mountains. The main distinguishing feature of this soil is the high gravel content and sandy textures with a relatively low but noticeable component of silt plus clay. The desert pavement of surface gravel provides some protection against wind erosion, but if disturbed, wind erosion can become a problem. Although the soil has limited water and nutrient holding capacity, where quality water is available it can be farmed successfully, although coarse gravels and cobbles present a limitation in some areas. Soil strength is high due to the gravelly nature of the soil and it can provide a good surface for building sites and roads.
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay
This soil is on level to gently undulating plains in coastal sabkha. This soil is moderately well drained. Median measured saturated hydraulic conductivity class for the surface layer is high.
This soil is used mostly for natural areas. A few areas have been built up. Commonly described vegetation species include Halocnemum strobilaceum Halopeplis perfoliata, Haloxylon salicornicum, Zygophyllum mandavillei, and Zygophyllum qatarense. Vegetation cover is 1 to 40%.
This soil occurs in coastal sabkha, mostly in a narrow band between Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah. The main distinguishing feature of this soil is the concentration of gypsum in the soil surface layer, the permanently high water table, and the elevated salinity levels. It is not suited to agriculture. The high water table and hazard of subsidence due to gypsum content are concerns for building sites. This soil provides valuable habitat for shorebirds and other coastal plant and animal species.
Photo credit: Lishka Arata/Point Blue
date take: Friday, October 29, 2021
story: Isaiah gave Erika a tour of one of our sites were we helped to establish a pollinator hedgerow because Erika had never seen one before and this is one of the conservation practices she will be including in her study to document how much Carbon is stored in the soil at various ages with various conservation practices. It was a beautiful morning and a fun, collaborative time!
staff featured: Erika Foster, Soil Ecologist and Isaiah Thalmayer, Senior STRAW Project manager
location: Blake's Landing, a Strauss Family property and STRAW restoration site that borders Tomales Bay