Interesting document of the counter-reformation sacral art - 17th century roman-catholic Gothic Revival altarpiece in the style of local late Gothic altars with wings and predella. The upper part with the medallion depicting David with lions is a Baroque addition from 1687.

location: East Slovak Museum, Košice

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

Zagreb 14th June 2009

The Zagreb Cathedral on Kaptol is a Roman Catholic institution and not only the tallest building in Croatia, but also the most monumental sacral building in Gothic style southeast of the Alps.[3] It is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary and to kings Saint Stephen and Saint Ladislaus. The cathedral is typically Gothic, as is its sacristy, which is of great architectural value. Its prominent spires are considered to be landmarks as they are visible from most parts of the city.

History[edit]

In 1093 when king Ladislaus (1040-1095) moved the bishop's chair from Sisak to Zagreb, he proclaimed the existing church as a cathedral. Construction on the cathedral started shortly after his death and was finished in 1217 and consecrated by king Andrew II of Hungary. The building was destroyed by the Mongols in 1242 but rebuilt by bishop Timotej (1263-1287) a few years later. At the end of the 15th century, the Ottoman Empire invaded Croatia, triggering the construction of fortification walls around the cathedral, some of which are still intact. In the 17th century, a fortified renaissance watchtower was erected on the south side, and was used as a military observation point, because of the Ottoman threat.

The cathedral was severely damaged in the 1880 Zagreb earthquake. The main nave collapsed and the tower was damaged beyond repair. The restoration of the cathedral in the Neo-Gothic style was led by Hermann Bollé, bringing the cathedral to its present form. As part of that restoration, two spires 108 m (354 ft) high were raised on the western side, both of which are now in the process of being restored as part of an extensive general restoration of the cathedral.

The cathedral is depicted on the reverse of the Croatian 1000 kuna banknote issued in 1993.[4]

When facing the portal, the building is 46 meters wide and 108 meters high.[5] The cathedral contains a relief of Cardinal Aloysius Stepinac with Christ done by the Croatian sculptor Ivan Meštrović. The cathedral was visited by Pope Benedict XVI on 5 June 2011 where he celebrated Sunday Vespers and prayed before the tomb of Blessed Aloysius Stepinac.

location: St. Elizabeth Cathedral, Košice, Slovakia

panel paintings: unknown from Spiš county, dated 1516

wooden statues: unknown from Košice, Bratislava or Vienna, 1474-1477 or later

height of the statues in the shrine: 159 & 164 cm

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please do not use without permission

AMDG

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Altar of the Doctors of the Church, 1510-1520

author of the statues: Master Paul of Levoča

author of the paintings: Master Petrus

location: Šariš, eastern Slovakia

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

AMDG

High altar of the Holy Cross: panel paintings and predella reliefs by anonymous master from 1450-1460, over life size crucifixion (one of the best in Slovakia) by Master Paul of Levoča from around 1510, Virgin Mary by an unknown Kežmarok carver from the beginning of the 16th century (headwear is a later addition), St John and Mary Magdalene are from 17th century.

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

AMDG

This type of a Gothic retable, with juxtaposition of many figures in relief, is typical for Lower Saxony, but in Central Europe is regarded as unique. Altar has been badly damaged, but especially the statue of St Damian (with the drapery in beautiful style) can mediate the notion of the former altar´s glory. I´m fascinated by the statue of an unknown old bearded saint with big eyes and twisted neck (third figure from the left), it gives me the creeps :-) Regarding iconography, any suggestion is cordially welcome.

provenance: Šiba, Šariš, north-east Slovakia

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

Old man sitting at the St. Peter's Square in Rome, watching "sacral" pigeons

location: Šariš, eastern Slovakia

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

AMDG

property of the Slovak National Gallery Bratislava, Slovakia

height 150 cm

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

Interesting document of the counter-reformation sacral art - 17th century roman-catholic Gothic Revival altarpiece in the style of local late Gothic altars with wings and predella. The upper part with the medallion depicting David with lions is a Baroque addition from 1687.

location: East Slovak Museum, Košice

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

property of the Slovak National Gallery Bratislava, Slovakia

height 150 cm

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

Baptism of Christ on the other side of the panel

provenance: St Elizabeth Cathedral in Košice

location: East Slovak Museum in Košice

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

Pashupatinath in Nepal

Gross photo

Myelomeningocele (Tail)

Interesting document of the counter-reformation sacral art - 17th century roman-catholic Gothic Revival altarpiece in the style of local late Gothic altars with wings and predella. The upper part with the medallion depicting David with lions is a Baroque addition from 1687.

location: East Slovak Museum, Košice

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

property of the Slovak National Gallery Bratislava, Slovakia

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

from the altarpiece of Ľubica, north-east Slovakia

location: East Slovak Museum Košice

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

One of the most charming medieval churches in the Gemer region is preserved in the village of Chyžné, near Jelšava. Its tall east-oriented brick gable and massive fortifications around the church dominates its surroundings. The church was built in the second half of the 13th century as a one-nave edifice with a quadratic chancel and an annexed sacristy. Later, a detached belltower, a traditional wooden construction from the 18th century, and a groundfloor building of a former school were added. The church chancel is vaulted by a cross ribbed vault, and the nave has a flat painted ceiling. The walls and vaults of the chancel, including the so-called Triumphal Arch, are covered with frescos dating back to the 70s-80s of the 14th century.

property of the Archdiocesan Museum in Krakow, Poland

provenance: Lencze, Lesser Poland (Malopolska region)

for educational purpose only

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AMDG

property of the Slovak National Gallery Bratislava, Slovakia

height 150 cm

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

Sacralita, in more casual attire this time.

author: Master Paul of Levoča

dating: c 1520

height: 71 cm

location: parish church of St Nicholas, Prešov, Šariš county, Slovakia

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

AMDG

property of the Slovak National Gallery Bratislava, Slovakia

height 150 cm

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

Erinaceus europaeus

Common Hedgehog

Order Eulipotyphyla

Skeleton. The vertebrae are as follows:- Cervical 7, thoracic 16, lumbar 6, sacral 3, caudal 11. The second and third cervical are fused, the neural spine of the second being very large and flattened. There are 4 pairs of floating ribs. The lumbar vertebrae have extremely short transverse processes as in the moles and shrews and other slow moving Insectivores. The sternum is well developed and is elongated, segmented and bilobed in front. In the skull, the orbit is incomplete; the zygomatic arch is complete but slender, and is formed by processes of the maxilla and squamosal, the malar being a small bone attached to the under side and absent in some members of the group. On the base of the skull the mesopterygoid fossa is very deep and extends backwards to the basi-sphenoid, ending in a hemispherical depression. The tympanic is annular and is not ankylosed to the cranium. There is no bulla, but an arch is formed by processes of the basi-sphenoid. Coronoid and angular processes are well developed on the mandible. In the shoulder girdle clavicles are present and articulate with the sternum. The scapula has two points of articulation with the humerus, as the acromion is prolonged. Radius and ulna are fused. In the pelvic girdle, the ilia fuse with the sacral vertebrae, the obturator foramen is large, and the pubic symphysis very slender. Tibia and fibula are fused for about half their length. There are 5 digits in each limb, and the feet are plantigrade.

This type of a Gothic retable, with juxtaposition of many figures in relief, is typical for Lower Saxony, but in Central Europe is regarded as unique. Altar has been badly damaged, but especially the statue of St Damian (with the drapery in beautiful style) can mediate the notion of the former altar´s glory. I´m fascinated by the statue of an unknown old bearded saint with big eyes and twisted neck (third figure from the left), it gives me the creeps :-) Regarding iconography, any suggestion is cordially welcome.

provenance: Šiba, Šariš, north-east Slovakia

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

property of the Slovak National Gallery Bratislava, Slovakia

height 150 cm

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

Altar of the Doctors of the Church, 1510-1520

author of the statues: Master Paul of Levoča

author of the paintings: Master Petrus

location: Šariš, eastern Slovakia

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

AMDG

provenance: Fričovce, Šariš county, north-east Slovakia

location: Šariš Museum Bardejov

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

associted with internal haemangiomas and other neural cord defects such as spina bifida

Evolutionary history of the acquisition of sacral vertebrae (above) and body size (below) in basal Sauropodomorpha.

Colored boxes and lines on the terminal taxa and branches represent the optimization of the type of sacrum among basal sauropodomorphs. Autapomorphic additions of sacral elements are marked with asterisks (see text for explanation). The curves plotted below the cladogram represent the range of estimated body size (y-axis) in sauropodomorph nodes leading to eusauropods (x-axis). Ancestral reconstructions of body mass are based on femoral lateromedial width (FML; see [69] and Appendix S1 for further data and methods). The terminal ‘Eusauropods’ represents forms more derived than the basal eusauropod Shunosaurus, some of which have further increased the sacral count [43], [60].

Altar of the Doctors of the Church, 1510-1520

author of the statues: Master Paul of Levoča

author of the paintings: Master Petrus

location: Šariš, eastern Slovakia

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

AMDG

The Aachen cathedral treasury displays sacral masterpieces of the late Classical, Carolingian, Ottonian and Staufian period - among them there are some unique exhibits like the Cross of Lothair, the Bust of Charlemagne and the Persephone sarcophagus. The Cathedral Treasury in Aachen is regarded as one of the most important ecclesiastical treasuries in northern Europe.

property of the Slovak National Gallery Bratislava, Slovakia

height 150 cm

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

location: parish church of St Nicholas in Prešov, eastern Slovakia

dating: c 1720s

(please do not use without permission)

Altar of the Doctors of the Church, 1510-1520

author of the statues: Master Paul of Levoča

author of the paintings: Master Petrus

location: Šariš, eastern Slovakia

for educational purpose only

please do not use without permission

AMDG