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Initiated in the 13th century, the León Cathedral is an excellent example of Gothic architecture, with some French influences. The cathedral is located on the Way of Saint James, or Camino de Santiago.
Thank you for your visits / comments / faves!
Il Significato dei Colori :
Giallo / yellow:
è un colore ambivalente, il giallo chiaro simbolizza la luce del sole, l'intelletto, intuito, fede e bontà. Il giallo scuro simbolizza slealtà, tradimento, gelosia, ambizione, avarizia, furtività, inganno, perfidia. Il giallo dorato simbolizza la sacralità, la divinità, la verità rivelata.
Kościół św. Stanisława, ul. Jana III Sobieskiego, Frydman, 23 sierpnia 2012 r.
Wybudowany w stylu gotyckim kościół jest najstarszym zabytkiem architektury sakralnej na Podtatrzu. Kościół otacza mur z dwiema bramami i dzwonnicą. Wieżę zwieńcza attyka z końca XVIII w.
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Church of St. Stanislaus, Jana III Sobieskiego str., Frydman, August 23, 2012
Built as Gothic, the church is the oldest example of sacral architecture in the region. The church is surrounded by a wall with two gates and a belltower. The church tower is topped by a late-18th-century attic.
Triangle is one of the most inspiring geometrical figures. I often draw it on the sheets of paper while thinking. I choose this particular figure in that notorious test where a person needs to choose a geometrical figure and then find out what kind of person he is.
Everything is beautiful about triangle. It possesses ideal symmetry – three angles and three lines. It can be drawn under different angles and as a result undergo different modifications. A triangle is strongly connected with the number three, that has sacral meaning. People are as well as triangles have three components: body, soul and spirit.
Triangle pointed with its top up means fire element. It is the symbol of male beginning. Triangle pointed with its top down means womb. It is the symbol of female beginning.
Everything in life longs for harmony. A person, in my perception, is like a mythological Androgyne, unites both male and female beginnings. There is no talking about primary sexual characters that traditionally distinguish people into males and females. I’m writing about male beginning in a woman and female beginning in a man.
When people start to discuss this theme they start to use the same phrase all over again – ‘But in our times….’ (at least they say so in Russia). And here come millions of conclusions why the generic behavior has been changed so much in the past decades. To my mind, people haven’t changed that much. The conditions of our lives become better, discoveries have been made, inventions have been created, we become more estrange from the nature. But in essence, we are those former individuals. The same questions have been bothering us from the very beginning of humanity: who are we, where did we come from and where do we go. In this sense, people are only different in the degree of male or female beginning domination in them.
I am not trying to glorify women with their new society statues and with the creation of the new woman type – manwoman. As well as I’m not trying to abuse men and blame them for the unmanly. I only try to give a hint that the presence of both beginnings in the individual contributes to his spiritual enrichment and helps him to move to the further level of life perception. A person should only find the harmony in these two components.
A woman favors with good. She is merciful and hearty. She is the guardian of the family, loving wife and caring mother. A woman can have o lot of male beginning in her. A male beginning can even dominate her, but nevertheless, she stays compassionate and gracious. It is my way. A way to the harmony. A way to the full understanding of me as a woman and acceptance of my male beginning.
Dear all, if you have any ideas toward the male and female beginnings in us, I would love to read them. Thank you very much for reading this. I wish you all harmony!
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Two churches and a fallen veterans memorial in Sošice village, in Žumberak area mountain-range. The village has 77 inhabitants, while the churches are Sts Peter and Paul's Greek Catholic Church from the 18th century and Virgin Mary's Assumption Roman Catholic chapel from the beginning of the 19th century. The Fallen veterans memorial is for local veterans fallen during World War II.
Taken with Panasonic GX7 camera and Olympus Zuiko Digital 50–200mm F2.8–3.5 tele-lens via no-name knock off FourThirds–microFourThirds adapter.
Taken in late November 2017., we managed to catch excellent weather.
IL SANTUARIO DI SAN ROMEDIO
Il Santuario di San Romedio si trova in Trentino, immerso nella natura selvaggia della Val di Non, abitata da caprioli e cervi. L'alone di sacralità e mistero sorto attorno alla persona di San Romedio, la conformazione architettonica del santuario e la sua particolare ubicazione contribuiscono a fare di questo posto un luogo incantato e fiabesco. Il santuario sorge su di una roccia alta 90 metri ed è costituito da più chiese e cappelle, che seguono la conformazione della roccia, collegate tra loro da una ripida scala di 131 scalini.
Gli edifici che costituiscono l'eremo di San Romedio sono di datazioni diverse; la costruzione più antica, sorta attorno alla tomba dell'eremita Romedio, risale intorno all'anno 1000.
Note tratte dal sito:
www.dolomiti.it/it/chiese-abbazie-e-santuari/santuario-di...
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THE SANCTUARY OF SAN ROMEDIO
The Sanctuary of San Romedio is located in Trentino, immersed in the wild nature of the Val di Non, inhabited by roe deer and deer. The aura of sacredness and mystery that has arisen around the person of San Romedio, the architectural conformation of the sanctuary and its particular location contribute to making this place an enchanted and fairy-tale place. The sanctuary stands on a 90-meter high rock and is made up of several churches and chapels, which follow the conformation of the rock, connected to each other by a steep staircase of 131 steps.
The buildings that make up the hermitage of San Romedio are of different datings; the oldest construction, built around the tomb of the hermit Romedio, dates back to around the year 1000.
Riversamento da negativo 35 mm a digitale
The main south door, known as the Porta Speciosa, is faced with red marble and flanked by five pairs of columns. It has undergone several transformations and reconstructions since it was originally built in the 13th century. This door gives access to the Cloister, a typical square Late Gothic ensemble built in 1486. The vaulting springs form consoles that are elaborately decorated with symbolic motifs. The doors and windows were given their present form in the 1880s. Sculptured stones from the Romanesque cloister were found during studies carried out in the 1960s, when the door leading into the medieval refectory, with small red marble columns, also came to light.
See the post Lungo le strade dei Guanci - Capitolo 6 - Fuerteventura, tracce del tempo on Guatan Tavara's Blog
Tutti i colori di Betancuria hanno la sacralità delle minuziose mani che li hanno creati. Cure amorevoli che mettono insieme pezzo dopo pezzo la storia dei Guanci e delle loro sconfitte. E ora, solo il silenzio accompagna i passi lungo le strade. Tutto il resto se l'è portato via il vento di Fuerteventura
The Monastery at Lébény was established between 1199 and 1203, by a nobleman, for private worship. The complex was dedicated to the Apostle Saint James the Great. Though the existing charter for approving the donations and construction was signed by Andreas II (1208), one of the walls of the church had “1206” engraved in them, which may indicate that the church was already built at that time. It is also mentioned in the RegestrumVaradiense (an important language memorial), which was made in the late cathedral chapter of the present Oradea (Nagyvárad) in the 13th century. The monastery of Lébény was attacked and burnt down several times; the first by Mongols, then the second by King Ottokar I of Bohemia; and thereafter by the Turks, which was probably in 1529 and definitely in 1683. The monastery was taken back from the Turks by the arch-abbot of Pannonhalma in 1540. He named a new abbot, though the title only existed on paper for a little bit longer than two decades. In 1563 the monastery was burnt down again for the third time and was left devoured. Presently, the only part of the complex that is still standing is the iconic three-nave Romanesque church in the middle of Lébény village. This church is one of the most important Romanesque style buildings of Hungary, which was most probably restored in the 17th century by the Jesuits, and it was the first ever Hungarian monument that was restored in the second half of the 19th century. In addition, the Romanesque church is also operating as a parish of the village.
The Secret of Cosmic Blood Flow: Plasma
The Pentagram and the Ether Streams
Steiner describes, in “From the Contents of Esoteric Classes“, the pentagram with:
We’re always surrounded by five ether streams in the world around us on earth. They’re called earth, water, fire, air and thought ethers. These etheric streams are also active in man: earth either from the head to the right foot, from there water ether to the left hand, from there fire ether to the right hand, from there air ether to the left foot, and then thought ether back to the head. This is the occultist’s sacred pentagram, the symbol of man. Its point is directed upwards, which indicates that the spirit streams to man from the heights. The pentagram is present in many flowers and other things in nature. The sign of black magic is a pentagram with one point at the bottom, through which magicians attract bad forces from the earth and send them out of the two top horns into the environment by means of their bad will in order to use soul and nature forces for their own egotistical, evil purposes.
The cosmic blood flow is currently recognized as a characteristic of the Electric Bridge and it is now possible, in parallel, to focus on the form that is constructed and sustained through this fluid, electrical support.
As it is well known, the basis of all organic life is carbon and one of the secrets contained in the ability of carbon to form long polymer chains and build organic forms, is the magnetic power inherent in it. Until now, scientific theory considered it impossible to magnetize carbon at room temperature because of its electron configuration; the "magnetic club" was an exclusive group that included only a few prestigious members: copper, cobalt, nickel and a few rare alloys. But now, with the result of sophisticated research on light, carbon is officially recognized as part of this group: science and technology are working to bring together the world of magnetism and that of carbon - something that the high priests of alchemy had long done.
Magnetism is an "order phenomenon" - for scientists and occultists alike, it will be used to transfigure the structure of form into a home more appropriate for the mind. Magnetic carbon has a central role to play in this process because it is the hidden and long sought-after key to the philosopher's stone. The relationship between inner and outer man focuses on the alchemy of carbon and current research on the electronic and magnetic functioning of carbon has immense implications for the future; it will help humanity to transcend the physical plane through new conceptions of time and space, and with the words of the Tibetan...: "We will see each other, as well as all forms of divine manifestation, as units of light of different degrees of luminosity and we will reason more and more in terms of electricity, voltage, intensity and energy. »
There are seven basic types of electrical power that the spiritualized and creative human being can use and seven corresponding types of matter, and the resulting construction work lies at the heart of a future electrical alchemy where "temples will be built that will not be made with hands. "The current discoveries concerning carbon and their application in nanotechnologies are an external symbol of this science: future spiritual art. When humanity as a whole has progressed to a more spiritual state of consciousness, the electrical manipulation of carbon will be widely practiced through the natural abilities dormant in each individual. Humanity will then begin to work consciously as one, to transform the earth, and later, the entire solar system, into a living temple. It will be a temple of transfigured carbon and humanity will express itself through it, as a living diamond, as a kingdom of souls.
The key to implementing this great Alchemic undertaking lies in understanding the "seventh ray in connection with the phenomena of electricity, by means of which the solar system is coordinated and vitalized... When the great work is accomplished, we will see the Temple of God, the solar system, organized objectively and subjectively; its sacred places will then be accessible to the sons of men, who will then be able to work unimpeded and have free access to all parts of the building. Through the magic of the Word, which will then have been found, all doors will open, and man's consciousness will respond to every divine manifestation. »
It is not only an enigmatic and mystical vision, but an intensely practical vision, an understanding of the fundamental role of carbon in the electric bridge that will reveal :
"Every manifestation is only electricity, "the mystery of electricity" to which H.P.B. referred in the "Secret Doctrine". In Nature, everything has an electric nature. Life itself is electricity. But the electricity that we currently know and use is only physical electricity, inherent in the physical and etheric matter of all forms, and linked to this matter... The secret lies therefore in future scientific discoveries. »
The discovery of the magnetic properties of carbon and its ability to respond to electrical manipulation is one of these secrets, but much more is about to be revealed...
Steiner describes, in "From the Contents of Esoteric Classes", the pentagram with :
We are always surrounded by five ether currents in the world around us on earth. They are called earth, water, fire, air and thought ethers. These etheric currents are also active in man: the earth is from head to right foot, from there the ether of water to left hand, from there the ether of fire to right hand, from there the ether of air to left foot, then the ether of thought to head. It is the sacred pentagram of the occultist, symbol of man. Its point is pointing upwards, which indicates that the spirit is flowing towards man from the heights. The pentagram is present in many flowers and other things in nature. The sign of black magic is a pentagram with a dot at the bottom, through which magicians attract the evil energies of the earth and send them out of the two upper horns into the environment through their evil wills in order to use the forces of the soul and nature for their own selfish and evil ends.
"Bereshit bara elohim eth âchamaîm veéth âaretç" (Gen 1:1), which is commonly translated as : "In the beginning, God created heaven and earth. "The first two words are "Bereshit" and "bara". With regard to the first term, it should be noted that, in their respective interpretations, both Saint Augustine and Maimonides identify the beginning with the principle[10][10] They thus distinguish themselves from Saint Thomas Aquinas, who.... This is the reason why the first bed: "In principle you made heaven and earth" (in principio fecit Deus coelum et terram)[11][11] Saint Augustine, Confessions, XI, 3, 5. and the second: "In principle God created the top and bottom of the universe. "Maimonides opposes the notion of principle[rechit] - derived from rock, the head, to the notion of priority[té'hilla] Maimonides, Le guide des égarés, trad. S. Munk, Verdier,...; as the second term applies to something prior in time.
We are all born into a particular flow of energy that determines many parameters of our lives
We are all born in an "astrological field", in a particular flow of energy which determines many parameters of our life: our personality, our potential, etc. In Hebrew this is referred to as "Mazal", which means "alignment of celestial bodies". But this term can also mean "luck", as when one wishes someone "Mazal Tov"
A person's Mazal is determined at birth. Now in the paracha of Lekh-Lekha, God makes Abraham leave his tent and enjoins him "to try to count the stars". God then changed Abraham's name and raised him metaphorically above the stars to realign his destiny.
Why did Abraham deserve this special treatment? The dominant vision of the time was idolatry. Abraham, having perceived the falsity of this vision, had risen above social norms. In response to his transcendent act, God raised Abraham above the laws of nature, "beyond the stars.
From this moment flowed an eternal principle: the Jews would be above the Mazal. We will no longer have to follow the fate dictated by the stars. History has clearly confirmed this: Jews survived the great empires that were the Romans or the Greeks. Even today, the Jews of Israel defy nature by their flourishing presence on a land surrounded by enemies.
But beyond national considerations, this idea has profound implications in our personal lives as well. The Talmud tells us that Rabbi Aquiva's daughter was to die on her wedding day. During the wedding meal, the bride froze the needle of her bun in the wall behind her, killing a snake that was there and was about to bite her. When the body of the beast was discovered and it was realized what it had just escaped, it was asked to recall the events of the day. She told how in the middle of the festivities she had noticed poor people waiting outside, and she had left her own wedding to bring them food. An extraordinary act of charity!
This is where we can see how this rule works. This woman's superhuman act had elevated her above the pre-programmed system, which altered her destiny and changed her life. If we aspire to it, we can also benefit from it.
... Hermes, 237-238 Moses: as alchemist, 187; competition with Pharaoh's magicians, ... 197; alchemical uses of, 190-191; in Paracelsus, 185; Pico's interest in, 17; ... longevity of due to alchemy, 188 pentagram: force of against demons, 144; ...
What is the shared core of all religious and esoteric traditions?
To continue the tale of the serpents lets look at the Kundalini Fire from India. The Kundalini system looks like the Caduceus Staff with the two Serpents around the spine: Kundalini with Chakras The serpents has two different colors like the two outer pillars in the Kabbalah Tree of Life, and they have the same interpretations as the Feminine and Masculine energies. Seven Lotus Flowers or Chakras, which are spiritual organs, are placed on the spine.
Macrocosmic Man: Left side of Man is the masculine side and the right side is the feminine side, as we see the Tree of Life from the front, the macrocosmic man.
The correspondence between the Chakras (see later) and the Sephirots: Sahasrara or the Crown Chakra, corresponds to Keter. Ajna, the Third Eye , or the Brow Chakra corresponds to Chokmah, and the back head chakra with Binah.
Vishuddha or the Throat Chakra corresponds to Chesed and Ta Chui, The Neck Chakra, with Gevurah.
Ahanhata or the Heart Chakra corresponds to Tiferet
Manipura or the Navel Chakra, where Hod corresponds to the Liver and Netzach corresponds to the Stomach
Svadhistana or the Sacral Chakra corresponds to Yesod
Muladhara, the base of spine, the Root Chakra, corresponds to Malkhu. From the heart and up the feminine and masculine energies are nearly in Equilibrium with the heart near the center. 5. Chesed, 6. Gevurah, 7. Chokmah, 8. Binah, 9. Daat, 10. Kether
Microcosmic Man: Rudolf Steiner describes the two sides of man as being a kind of fight between Luciferic and Ahrimanic powers, where Lucifer is the masculine power (Yang) and Ahriman is the feminine power (Yin). Both described in the literature as Serpents or Dragons. Lucifer represents The Right Pillar, and Ahriman The Left Pillar. They are on Earth seen as Evil powers, but they are necessary factors in our development, as we both need the Feminine and Masculine influence, but we need to find the balance between them. From The Balance in the World and Man, Lucifer and Ahriman:
The left part of you — your left man, as it were — is the fortification set up by Lucifer, and your right man is the fortification set up by Ahriman. And the whole art of life consists in finding the true balance between them.
See also an extended Collection of Steiner texts about Lucifer and Ahriman(pdf) . The energy flows from the left side to the right side, from the Luciferic or Masculine side to the Ahrimanic or Feminine side.
Spiritual AnatomyMicrocosmic Man
Crossed arms or legs shortcuts the natural streams and should be avoided, except where specified in meditative practices. From The Kingdom of God from www.adishakti.org/
“Now this Kundalini is the power which is placed in the sacrum bone, nowhere else… And imagine this bone is called sacrum; “sacrum” means “sacred. So they knew there was something in it… This is the primule, is the germinating power within us. Now this fact has been accepted for thousands of years in India and elsewhere. For in the Bible also … they talk of the Tree of Life. That is the same as this… So this is the thing that is being described in our ancient books, in all the scriptures, even in the Qur’an they are described as Ruh, R,U,H, Ruh. “Ruh” means the “cold breeze”, the “cool breeze”. The cool breeze of the Holy Ghost is described in the Bible also.
Japanese Mitsudomoe: The Mitsudomoe represents the trinity of the Shinto religion: Sky, Man, and Earth, which is the same as the three Pillars of Kabbalah: first, second and third, or Steiners Lucifer, Christ, and Ahriman, or the Hindi Rajas, Sattva, and kimgraaemunch.wordpress.com/tag/ether-streams/treams/
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a man with severe deformity
might be scoliosis
or a sacral tumor
earning his living
amongst locals
@ Nizam ud Din.
in
in New Delhi
Photography’s new conscience
In the vicinity of Jelšava, an old mining village Rákoš hides a quiet church with unique Gothic paintings. The church was built on an elevated site in the northern part of the village under the slope of Železník Hill on top of which a castle of the Bubek Family was once standing.
The Roman Catholic Church of the Holy Trinity is an early Gothic single-nave building from the mid-13th century. It has still a Romanesque horseshoe-shaped apse and slotted Romanesque windows, but the entrance portal is already formed by a Gothic arch. The nave has a flat wooden painted ceiling from the end of the 17th century. In front of the church stands a Baroque brick belfry with a wooden superstructure.
Wall paintings from the last third of the 15th century cover the walls and the vault of the chancel and almost the entire northern wall of the nave. High-quality Italian fresco paintings can be seen, a piece of art ordered by the wealthy noblemen from the House of Bubek. Travelling through northern Italy in the service of King Louis the Great, they had an opportunity to acquaint themselves with the best works of Italian masters whom they brought to the Kingdom of Hungary to decorate churches in Plešivec, Štítnik, and Rákoš. The vault of the sanctuary depicts the Christ Pantocrator with angels, the four church fathers and the symbols of the Evangelists (Matthew – angel, Mark – lion, Luke – bull, and John – eagle). On the walls of the sanctuary, we can find prophets, apostles and three saint kings: Ladislaus, Stephen, and Emeric. In the window lining, there are figures of women saints: Catherine, Barbara, Elisabeth and Margaret of Hungary. One of the most interesting parts is the unconventional depiction of Christ standing in a grave held by Mother Mary. The scene is complemented with the figures of an angel and of St. John the Baptist. Figures of saints, prophets, a depiction of the ten virgins, a partially damaged figure of the Virgin Mary Protector and a very well-preserved sitting figure of God with three faces giving blessings are on the walls of the triumphal arch. This unusual way of portraying the Holy Trinity which has been later banned by the Trident Council for its striking resemblance to the pagan god Triglav, still appears in two other locations in Slovakia – Ochtiná (logo of the Gothic Route) and Žehra.
The northern wall of the nave is almost entirely covered with murals in three horizontal bands. The upper band depicts scenes from the St. Ladislaus legend, it shows lancer horse riders of the St. Ladislaus’s royal entourage at the forefront, in a dynamic moment of fight with the Cumans. The second and the third band below portray the Last Judgment with the central figure of Christ the Redeemer with angels and a number of saints on the sides. Right below them we can see open graves from which dead are rising. Archangel Michael divides them into two groups, the saved ones, who walk to the left towards the heaven‘s gate, and the damned ones, whose chains are bound by the devils to the gate of hell. The most recent of the paintings date back to the first half of the 15th century; they depict the Assumption of the Virgin, individual figures of saints and the Stigmatization of St. Francis. We have chosen the hand of St. Francis with a stigma as the logo of the church. On the outer southern wall of the church, fragments of the painting of Madonna and Child have been preserved. Since 1992, there have been intermittent renewal activities of the church taking place, during which the restoration of murals was included. Furniture is stored and it would be returned into the church, once the restoration works are finished.
Il Ramadan detto anche il Digiuno (arabo: رمضان, ramaḍān) è, secondo il calendario musulmano, il nono mese dell'anno e ha una durata di 30 giorni. La parola, in arabo, significa "mese caldo", il che fa ritenere che un tempo (quando i mesi erano legati al ciclo solare) esso fosse un mese estivo.
Il Ramadan, per la rigorosa osservanza del digiuno diurno che ostacola il lavoro e per il carattere festivo delle sue notti, costituisce un periodo eccezionale dell'anno per i fedeli islamici in tutti i paesi a maggioranza musulmana: la sua sacralità è fondata sulla tradizione già fissata nel Corano di maometto, secondo cui in questo mese Maometto avrebbe ricevuto una rivelazione dall'arcangelo Gabriele. In origine, il mese di Ramadan era, come il suo nome stesso (il 'torrido') mostra, un mese estivo; ma successivamente Maometto stesso adottò un calendario puramente lunare di dodici mesi che, perciò, cambia posizione anno per anno.
Il digiuno (sawm) durante tale mese costituisce il terzo dei Cinque pilastri dell'Islam e chi ne negasse l'obbligatorietà sarebbe kāfir, colpevole cioè di empietà massima e dirimente dalla condizione di musulmano. In alcuni paesi a maggioranza islamica il mancato rispetto del digiuno è sanzionato penalmente[1].
Nel corso del mese di Ramadan infatti i musulmani praticanti debbono astenersi - dall'alba al tramonto - dal bere, mangiare, fumare e dal praticare attività sessuali. Chi è impossibilitato a digiunare (perché malato o in viaggio) può anche essere sollevato dal precetto, però, appena possibile, dovrà recuperare il mese di digiuno successivamente.
Dal momento che lo scopo del devoto è quello di purificarsi da tutto quello che di materiale esiste nel mondo corrotto e corruttibile, e dal momento che ogni ingestione gradevole è considerata corruzione del corpo e dell'anima, è vietato anche fumare e, secondo alcuni, profumarsi perché in entrambe le azioni s'ingerirebbero sostanze estranee e da entrambe le azioni si trarrebbe un godimento illecito che distoglierebbe dagli aspetti penitenziali cui mira l'istituzione. L'ingestione involontaria di cibi, di sostanze liquide o gassose non costituisce comunque rottura di digiuno.
Vale la pena però sottolineare che l'uso del profumo nel corso del digiuno è ammesso da una parte dei dotti musulmani che vietano esplicitamente solo l'inalazione di incenso. Il motivo di questa relativa tolleranza sta forse nel fatto che il profeta Maometto amava molto i profumi e ne faceva abbondante uso per il fastidio che egli provava per i cattivi odori, tanto da vietare a chi avesse mangiato aglio o cipolla di partecipare alla preghiera collettiva del mezzodì di venerdì in moschea.
In occasione del Ramadan è anche richiesto di evitare di abbandonarsi all'ira.
Per alcuni dotti dello Sciismo, come ad esempio Najm al-Dīn al-Muhaqqiq al-Hillī, invece, se il fumo e il profumo non costituiscono violazione dell'obbligo, in caso di rapporti carnali, la prima violazione dell'obbligo di astensione nel corso del digiuno comporterebbe la fustigazione e, in caso di recidiva, addirittura la pena di morte. Varrà la pena comunque ricordare che l'opinione di un dotto, sia pur autorevole come al-Hillī, rimane pur sempre un'opinione e che l'irrogazione della pena è lungi dal costituire una realtà di fatto.
Le donne incinte o che allattano, i bambini e i malati cronici sono esentati dal digiuno e dovrebbero al suo posto, secondo le loro possibilità, fare la carità come ad esempio nutrire le persone bisognose indipendentemente dalla loro religione, gruppo etnico o dalle loro convinzioni. Le donne durante il loro ciclo o le persone in viaggio non devono digiunare ma lo possono rimandare.
Quando tramonta il sole il digiuno viene rotto. La tradizione vuole che si debba mangiare un dattero perché così faceva il Profeta. In alternativa si può bere un bicchiere d'acqua.
Dato che il calendario islamico è composto da 354 o 355 giorni (10 o 11 giorni in meno dell'anno solare), il mese di Ramadan di anno in anno cade in un momento differente dell'anno solare, e quindi man mano cade in una stagione diversa.
Il significato spirituale del digiuno è stato analizzato da molti teologi. Si attribuisce ad esempio al digiuno la dote di insegnare all'uomo l'autodisciplina, l'appartenenza ad una comunità, la pazienza e l'amore per Dio.
Varie le ricorrenze del mese festeggiate o commemorate dai musulmani. Il giorno 6 infatti sarebbe nato il nipote di Maometto, al-Husayn ibn ‘Alī. Il giorno 10 sarebbe morta la prima moglie del Profeta, Khadīja bint Khuwaylid. Il giorno 17 sarebbe stata vinta la battaglia di Badr. Il giorno 19 sarebbe stata conquistata dai musulmani la città di Mecca. Il 21 sarebbero morti ‘Alī ibn Abī Tālib e il suo discendente, l'imam sciita ‘Alī al-Ridā.
Al termine del ramadan, viene celebrato lo Id al-fitr ("festa della interruzione [del digiuno]"), detta anche la "festa piccola" (id al-saghir).
This week: a weekend in Salzburg. This time focusing on the omnipresent baroque pomp of the city, expressed in both secular and sacral architecture.
The album can be found here: 2022 | 52 projects.
(Salzburg/Domplatz)
Since the renaturation in the baie du Mont St. Michel has finished in 2015 the Mont St. Michel becomes an island on some days in the year. This happens during the spring times a few days after full moon and new moon. The sea foods the area in front auf the mountain where the bridge ends. At the day of my return from Ireland the spring tide in the evening reached a height of 12,6m and coincided with the blue hour. The strong tidal stream prevented a perfekt reflection in the tide-way...
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Author: Andreas Nierhaus, Curator of Architecture/Wien Museum
Last updated January 2014
Architecture in Vienna
Vienna's 2,000-year history is present in a unique density in the cityscape. The layout of the center dates back to the Roman city and medieval road network. Romanesque and Gothic churches characterize the streets and squares as well as palaces and mansions of the baroque city of residence. The ring road is an expression of the modern city of the 19th century, in the 20th century extensive housing developments set accents in the outer districts. Currently, large-scale urban development measures are implemented; distinctive buildings of international star architects complement the silhouette of the city.
Due to its function as residence of the emperor and European power center, Vienna for centuries stood in the focus of international attention, but it was well aware of that too. As a result, developed an outstanding building culture, and still today on a worldwide scale only a few cities can come up with a comparable density of high-quality architecture. For several years now, Vienna has increased its efforts to connect with its historical highlights and is drawing attention to itself with some spectacular new buildings. The fastest growing city in the German-speaking world today most of all in residential construction is setting standards. Constants of the Viennese architecture are respect for existing structures, the palpability of historical layers and the dialogue between old and new.
Culmination of medieval architecture: the Stephansdom
The oldest architectural landmark of the city is St. Stephen's Cathedral. Under the rule of the Habsburgs, defining the face of the city from the late 13th century until 1918 in a decisive way, the cathedral was upgraded into the sacral monument of the political ambitions of the ruling house. The 1433 completed, 137 meters high southern tower, by the Viennese people affectionately named "Steffl", is a masterpiece of late Gothic architecture in Europe. For decades he was the tallest stone structure in Europe, until today he is the undisputed center of the city.
The baroque residence
Vienna's ascension into the ranks of the great European capitals began in Baroque. Among the most important architects are Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach and Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt. Outside the city walls arose a chain of summer palaces, including the garden Palais Schwarzenberg (1697-1704) as well as the Upper and Lower Belvedere of Prince Eugene of Savoy (1714-22). Among the most important city palaces are the Winter Palace of Prince Eugene (1695-1724, now a branch of the Belvedere) and the Palais Daun-Kinsky (auction house in Kinsky 1713-19). The emperor himself the Hofburg had complemented by buildings such as the Imperial Library (1722-26) and the Winter Riding School (1729-34). More important, however, for the Habsburgs was the foundation of churches and monasteries. Thus arose before the city walls Fischer von Erlach's Karlskirche (1714-39), which with its formal and thematic complex show façade belongs to the major works of European Baroque. In colored interior rooms like that of St. Peter's Church (1701-22), the contemporary efforts for the synthesis of architecture, painting and sculpture becomes visible.
Upgrading into metropolis: the ring road time (Ringstraßenzeit)
Since the Baroque, reflections on extension of the hopelessly overcrowed city were made, but only Emperor Franz Joseph ordered in 1857 the demolition of the fortifications and the connection of the inner city with the suburbs. 1865, the Ring Road was opened. It is as the most important boulevard of Europe an architectural and in terms of urban development achievement of the highest rank. The original building structure is almost completely preserved and thus conveys the authentic image of a metropolis of the 19th century. The public representational buildings speak, reflecting accurately the historicism, by their style: The Greek Antique forms of Theophil Hansen's Parliament (1871-83) stood for democracy, the Renaissance of the by Heinrich Ferstel built University (1873-84) for the flourishing of humanism, the Gothic of the Town Hall (1872-83) by Friedrich Schmidt for the medieval civic pride.
Dominating remained the buildings of the imperial family: Eduard van der Nüll's and August Sicardsburg's Opera House (1863-69), Gottfried Semper's and Carl Hasenauer's Burgtheater (1874-88), their Museum of Art History and Museum of Natural History (1871-91) and the Neue (New) Hofburg (1881-1918 ). At the same time the ring road was the preferred residential area of mostly Jewish haute bourgeoisie. With luxurious palaces the families Ephrussi, Epstein or Todesco made it clear that they had taken over the cultural leadership role in Viennese society. In the framework of the World Exhibition of 1873, the new Vienna presented itself an international audience. At the ring road many hotels were opened, among them the Hotel Imperial and today's Palais Hansen Kempinski.
Laboratory of modernity: Vienna around 1900
Otto Wagner's Postal Savings Bank (1903-06) was one of the last buildings in the Ring road area Otto Wagner's Postal Savings Bank (1903-06), which with it façade, liberated of ornament, and only decorated with "functional" aluminum buttons and the glass banking hall now is one of the icons of modern architecture. Like no other stood Otto Wagner for the dawn into the 20th century: His Metropolitan Railway buildings made the public transport of the city a topic of architecture, the church of the Psychiatric hospital at Steinhofgründe (1904-07) is considered the first modern church.
With his consistent focus on the function of a building ("Something impractical can not be beautiful"), Wagner marked a whole generation of architects and made Vienna the laboratory of modernity: in addition to Joseph Maria Olbrich, the builder of the Secession (1897-98) and Josef Hoffmann, the architect of the at the western outskirts located Purkersdorf Sanatorium (1904) and founder of the Vienna Workshop (Wiener Werkstätte, 1903) is mainly to mention Adolf Loos, with the Loos House at the square Michaelerplatz (1909-11) making architectural history. The extravagant marble cladding of the business zone stands in maximal contrast, derived from the building function, to the unadorned facade above, whereby its "nudity" became even more obvious - a provocation, as well as his culture-critical texts ("Ornament and Crime"), with which he had greatest impact on the architecture of the 20th century. Public contracts Loos remained denied. His major works therefore include villas, apartment facilities and premises as the still in original state preserved Tailor salon Knize at Graben (1910-13) and the restored Loos Bar (1908-09) near the Kärntner Straße (passageway Kärntner Durchgang).
Between the Wars: International Modern Age and social housing
After the collapse of the monarchy in 1918, Vienna became capital of the newly formed small country of Austria. In the heart of the city, the architects Theiss & Jaksch built 1931-32 the first skyscraper in Vienna as an exclusive residential address (Herrengasse - alley 6-8). To combat the housing shortage for the general population, the social democratic city government in a globally unique building program within a few years 60,000 apartments in hundreds of apartment buildings throughout the city area had built, including the famous Karl Marx-Hof by Karl Ehn (1925-30). An alternative to the multi-storey buildings with the 1932 opened International Werkbundsiedlung was presented, which was attended by 31 architects from Austria, Germany, France, Holland and the USA and showed models for affordable housing in greenfield areas. With buildings of Adolf Loos, André Lurçat, Richard Neutra, Gerrit Rietveld, the Werkbundsiedlung, which currently is being restored at great expense, is one of the most important documents of modern architecture in Austria.
Modernism was also expressed in significant Villa buildings: The House Beer (1929-31) by Josef Frank exemplifies the refined Wiener living culture of the interwar period, while the house Stonborough-Wittgenstein (1926-28, today Bulgarian Cultural Institute), built by the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein together with the architect Paul Engelmann for his sister Margarete, by its aesthetic radicalism and mathematical rigor represents a special case within contemporary architecture.
Expulsion, war and reconstruction
After the "Anschluss (Annexation)" to the German Reich in 1938, numerous Jewish builders, architects (female and male ones), who had been largely responsible for the high level of Viennese architecture, have been expelled from Austria. During the Nazi era, Vienna remained largely unaffected by structural transformations, apart from the six flak towers built for air defense of Friedrich Tamms (1942-45), made of solid reinforced concrete which today are present as memorials in the cityscape.
The years after the end of World War II were characterized by the reconstruction of the by bombs heavily damaged city. The architecture of those times was marked by aesthetic pragmatism, but also by the attempt to connect with the period before 1938 and pick up on current international trends. Among the most important buildings of the 1950s are Roland Rainer's City Hall (1952-58), the by Oswald Haerdtl erected Wien Museum at Karlsplatz (1954-59) and the 21er Haus of Karl Schwanzer (1958-62).
The youngsters come
Since the 1960s, a young generation was looking for alternatives to the moderate modernism of the reconstruction years. With visionary designs, conceptual, experimental and above all temporary architectures, interventions and installations, Raimund Abraham, Günther Domenig, Eilfried Huth, Hans Hollein, Walter Pichler and the groups Coop Himmelb(l)au, Haus-Rucker-Co and Missing Link rapidly got international attention. Although for the time being it was more designed than built, was the influence on the postmodern and deconstructivist trends of the 1970s and 1980s also outside Austria great. Hollein's futuristic "Retti" candle shop at Charcoal Market/Kohlmarkt (1964-65) and Domenig's biomorphic building of the Central Savings Bank in Favoriten (10th district of Vienna - 1975-79) are among the earliest examples, later Hollein's Haas-Haus (1985-90), the loft conversion Falkestraße (1987/88) by Coop Himmelb(l)au or Domenig's T Center (2002-04) were added. Especially Domenig, Hollein, Coop Himmelb(l)au and the architects Ortner & Ortner (ancient members of Haus-Rucker-Co) by orders from abroad the new Austrian and Viennese architecture made a fixed international concept.
MuseumQuarter and Gasometer
Since the 1980s, the focus of building in Vienna lies on the compaction of the historic urban fabric that now as urban habitat of high quality no longer is put in question. Among the internationally best known projects is the by Ortner & Ortner planned MuseumsQuartier in the former imperial stables (competition 1987, 1998-2001), which with institutions such as the MUMOK - Museum of Modern Art Foundation Ludwig, the Leopold Museum, the Kunsthalle Wien, the Architecture Center Vienna and the Zoom Children's Museum on a wordwide scale is under the largest cultural complexes. After controversies in the planning phase, here an architectural compromise between old and new has been achieved at the end, whose success as an urban stage with four million visitors (2012) is overwhelming.
The dialogue between old and new, which has to stand on the agenda of building culture of a city that is so strongly influenced by history, also features the reconstruction of the Gasometer in Simmering by Coop Himmelb(l)au, Wilhelm Holzbauer, Jean Nouvel and Manfred Wehdorn (1999-2001). Here was not only created new housing, but also a historical industrial monument reinterpreted into a signal in the urban development area.
New Neighborhood
In recent years, the major railway stations and their surroundings moved into the focus of planning. Here not only necessary infrastructural measures were taken, but at the same time opened up spacious inner-city residential areas and business districts. Among the prestigious projects are included the construction of the new Vienna Central Station, started in 2010 with the surrounding office towers of the Quartier Belvedere and the residential and school buildings of the Midsummer quarter (Sonnwendviertel). Europe's largest wooden tower invites here for a spectacular view to the construction site and the entire city. On the site of the former North Station are currently being built 10,000 homes and 20,000 jobs, on that of the Aspangbahn station is being built at Europe's greatest Passive House settlement "Euro Gate", the area of the North Western Railway Station is expected to be developed from 2020 for living and working. The largest currently under construction residential project but can be found in the north-eastern outskirts, where in Seaside Town Aspern till 2028 living and working space for 40,000 people will be created.
In one of the "green lungs" of Vienna, the Prater, 2013, the WU campus was opened for the largest University of Economics of Europe. Around the central square spectacular buildings of an international architect team from Great Britain, Japan, Spain and Austria are gathered that seem to lead a sometimes very loud conversation about the status quo of contemporary architecture (Hitoshi Abe, BUSarchitektur, Peter Cook, Zaha Hadid, NO MAD Arquitectos, Carme Pinós).
Flying high
International is also the number of architects who have inscribed themselves in the last few years with high-rise buildings in the skyline of Vienna and make St. Stephen's a not always unproblematic competition. Visible from afar is Massimiliano Fuksas' 138 and 127 meters high elegant Twin Tower at Wienerberg (1999-2001). The monolithic, 75-meter-high tower of the Hotel Sofitel at the Danube Canal by Jean Nouvel (2007-10), on the other hand, reacts to the particular urban situation and stages in its top floor new perspectives to the historical center on the other side.
Also at the water stands Dominique Perrault's DC Tower (2010-13) in the Danube City - those high-rise city, in which since the start of construction in 1996, the expansion of the city north of the Danube is condensed symbolically. Even in this environment, the slim and at the same time striking vertically folded tower of Perrault is beyond all known dimensions; from its Sky Bar, from spring 2014 on you are able to enjoy the highest view of Vienna. With 250 meters, the tower is the tallest building of Austria and almost twice as high as the St. Stephen's Cathedral. Vienna, thus, has acquired a new architectural landmark which cannot be overlooked - whether it also has the potential to become a landmark of the new Vienna, only time will tell. The architectural history of Vienna, where European history is presence and new buildings enter into an exciting and not always conflict-free dialogue with a great and outstanding architectural heritage, in any case has yet to offer exciting chapters.
Info: The folder "Architecture: From Art Nouveau to the Presence" is available at the Vienna Tourist Board and can be downloaded on www.wien.info/media/files/guide-architecture-in-wien.pdf.
Pan, vin e bisatele,
che le tose le vegne bele,
da lontan e da vissin viva,
viva el panevin.
Pan vin e torta
La vecia sul forca,
la befana sul camin,
viva, viva el panevin.
Un
legame atavico fra fuoco e spettatore in una sorta di magia sacrale.
Wat Rong Suea Ten
The Blue Temple of Chiang Rai /
For further information :
www.thailandee.com/en/visit-thailand/wat-rong-suea-ten-bl... /
www.thenotsoinnocentsabroad.com/blog/wat-rong-suea-ten-th... /
Scialbe nebbie scalano le colline
rosseggianti di trifoglio in fiore,
s’aprono allo sguardo piccoli borghi,
chiazze di pietra vetusta nel verde
umido delle valli, vecchie signore
che il tempo ha segnato senza intaccare
il tratto solenne e gentile.
Sul sagrato del tempio,
che intorno a sé tutto raccoglie,
risa gioiose di bimbi s‘accompagnano al rintocco
della campana della prima messa.
Nulla è cambiato: l’orologio dell’antica
torre segna sempre la stessa ora,
muto custode della sacralità di questo incanto.
_________________
(Renzo Montagnoli)
meglio su nero!!!
The church of St. Imre dates from the 13th century but the present building was built by the Franciscans between 1720 and 1743. In 1833, the tower next to the sanctuary was demolished and in 1866 a modern 52-metre-high bell tower was built, which currently has four bells.
Karfreitag
Bildcomposing zu einem Ritual in der Karfreitagsliturgie der römisch-katholischen Kirche
Geheimnis des Glaubens
Mysterium fidei
Mystery of faith
Tajna vjere
The Monastery at Lébény was established between 1199 and 1203, by a nobleman, for private worship. The complex was dedicated to the Apostle Saint James the Great. Though the existing charter for approving the donations and construction was signed by Andreas II (1208), one of the walls of the church had “1206” engraved in them, which may indicate that the church was already built at that time. It is also mentioned in the RegestrumVaradiense (an important language memorial), which was made in the late cathedral chapter of the present Oradea (Nagyvárad) in the 13th century. The monastery of Lébény was attacked and burnt down several times; the first by Mongols, then the second by King Ottokar I of Bohemia; and thereafter by the Turks, which was probably in 1529 and definitely in 1683. The monastery was taken back from the Turks by the arch-abbot of Pannonhalma in 1540. He named a new abbot, though the title only existed on paper for a little bit longer than two decades. In 1563 the monastery was burnt down again for the third time and was left devoured. Presently, the only part of the complex that is still standing is the iconic three-nave Romanesque church in the middle of Lébény village. This church is one of the most important Romanesque style buildings of Hungary, which was most probably restored in the 17th century by the Jesuits, and it was the first ever Hungarian monument that was restored in the second half of the 19th century. In addition, the Romanesque church is also operating as a parish of the village.
looking through the hole of a the sculpture
artwork by Albert Schilling de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Schilling
New 365 Project 2022 21.02
Wat Rong Khun - the White Temple, is a contemporary, unconventional, privately owned, art exhibit in the style of a Buddhist temple in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand, about 15 kilometers southwest of Chiang Rai.
It is owned by Chalermchai Kositpipat, who designed, constructed, and opened it to visitors in 1997.
The pictures were taken in December 2012 before in May 2014 the temple has been damaged by an earthquake.
But the main structures of the building and other parts of the temple were completely renovated during the last years.
Also there is still hope to reconstruct some art and filigree work over the next few years, for example, one of the rooftops, which is kinked.
church of St. Giles (Ägidius), a cruciform Romanesque basilica from 1108 (?) in a simple Hirsau style
alien structures and arts appear all over my room in my own universe where I am the agnostic god...
just an unused digital design for my bands PR digi-sleeve
I love galavanting around snapping shot of meaningless stuff just for fun, wish I had more time...
as Uncle Browne said: "Danny you are the Master at stating the Obvious..."
Peace and Noise!