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Kalkar is a municipality in the district of Kleve, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located near the Rhine, approx. 10 km south-east of Cleves. The most famous building of Kalkar is its church St. Nicolai, which has one of the most significant sacral inventory from the late Middle Ages in Europe or the Brick Gothic town hall build in 1446.
Kalkar was founded by Dirk VI of Cleves in 1230 and received city rights in 1242. It was one of the seven "capitals" of Cleves (called Kleve), until the line of the Duchy of Cleves died out in 1609, whereupon the city went over to the Margraviate of Brandenburg. Marie of Burgundy, Duchess of Cleves retired to Monreberg castle in Kalkar, where she founded a Dominican convent in 1455. Under her influence the city bloomed and artists were attracted to the favorable climate for cultural investment. She died at Monreberg castle in 1463.
Plešivec is an ancient seat of the Bubek family. The Ákoš family, the ancestors of the Bubeks, received it from King Belo IV. in 1243, after the battle on the Slaná River, where the ancestor of the Bubeks, Detrik, allegedly saved the king’s life. After stabilizing his position in 1320, Dominik Bubek built a water castle in Plešivec. In its vicinity, he built a monumental church, which also served as a burial place for the representatives of the family. It was constructed on the site of an older church built by his ancestors. The church, originally nearly twice as long as it is now, was a two-nave Gothic building with a polygonal ending of the chancel, originally vaulted on the central pillars.
From 1349, we have a record of the request of Juraj Bubek to the Pope for the possibility of collecting the indulgences to finance its construction. In the middle of the 14th century, the interior of the church was completed with fresco paintings of very high quality, carried out by Italian masters. In the first quarter of the 15th century, the church was completed with the north-facing funeral chapel of the Bubeks, built according to the pattern of the Spiš funeral chapels. We enter into the chapel through an impressive portal, the architecture of which is associated with the works of the Cathedral of St. Elizabeth in Košice. In its interior, we find three three-part late Gothic windows with an original tracery in the ogive arch shape and corbels of the former vaults.
In 1558, at the time of the Turkish threat, the church was severely damaged, the vault collapsed and the building remained as a ruin until its reconstruction in 1617. By that time, the church was taken over by the reformed believers who reduced its layout to its current length of 19 meters; they covered the nave with a flat ceiling and closed the entrance to the unused chapel. At that stage, the entrance to the church was established from the south and three window openings were made on the south wall. From that period comes a valuable matroneum with painted decorations from 1627. In 1807, a bell-tower was built, a beautiful example of the so-called Gemer classicism.
Kalkar is a municipality in the district of Kleve, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located near the Rhine, approx. 10 km south-east of Cleves. The most famous building of Kalkar is its church St. Nicolai, which has one of the most significant sacral inventory from the late Middle Ages in Europe or the Brick Gothic town hall build in 1446.
Kalkar was founded by Dirk VI of Cleves in 1230 and received city rights in 1242. It was one of the seven "capitals" of Cleves (called Kleve), until the line of the Duchy of Cleves died out in 1609, whereupon the city went over to the Margraviate of Brandenburg. Marie of Burgundy, Duchess of Cleves retired to Monreberg castle in Kalkar, where she founded a Dominican convent in 1455. Under her influence the city bloomed and artists were attracted to the favorable climate for cultural investment. She died at Monreberg castle in 1463.
This lovely croix overlooks the mighty St. Lawrence River.
Bas-Saint-Laurent, Québec, Canada.
This image is one in a series of croix de chemin (roadside crosses). There are between 2,500 and 3,000 croix de chemin scattered all over rural Québec, the historic centre of North American Catholicism. Croix de chemin are large (15 to 20 feet tall) and were “erected to fulfill a vow, to sacralize the land, or to ward off calamities” (Kaell, “Marking Memory”, p. 135). Croix de chemin are most often made of wood and are decorated with iconography of the Passion. There are three main types: (1) the simple croix de chemin which may have some decorative elements at the end or centre, (2) the croix de chemin featuring instruments of the Passion which are decorated with a lance, nails, hammer, whip, ladder, crown of thorns, and/or rooster and (3) the calvaire, which depicts the crucifixion scene.
I wrote a blog post about my December 2022 photographic trip to the rural areas of Chaudière-Appalaches (Beauce) and Bas-Saint-Laurent, south and east of Québec City. If you'd like to see some behind the scene shots, video and read some stories about how I shot these images, take a look.
If you'd like to see the rest of the images from this trip, take a look at my Québec album and if you'd like to see the series within the series - the croix de chemin - there's an album for croix, as well.
The Monastery at Lébény was established between 1199 and 1203, by a nobleman, for private worship. The complex was dedicated to the Apostle Saint James the Great. Though the existing charter for approving the donations and construction was signed by Andreas II (1208), one of the walls of the church had “1206” engraved in them, which may indicate that the church was already built at that time. It is also mentioned in the RegestrumVaradiense (an important language memorial), which was made in the late cathedral chapter of the present Oradea (Nagyvárad) in the 13th century. The monastery of Lébény was attacked and burnt down several times; the first by Mongols, then the second by King Ottokar I of Bohemia; and thereafter by the Turks, which was probably in 1529 and definitely in 1683. The monastery was taken back from the Turks by the arch-abbot of Pannonhalma in 1540. He named a new abbot, though the title only existed on paper for a little bit longer than two decades. In 1563 the monastery was burnt down again for the third time and was left devoured. Presently, the only part of the complex that is still standing is the iconic three-nave Romanesque church in the middle of Lébény village. This church is one of the most important Romanesque style buildings of Hungary, which was most probably restored in the 17th century by the Jesuits, and it was the first ever Hungarian monument that was restored in the second half of the 19th century. In addition, the Romanesque church is also operating as a parish of the village.
Created for the Magnificent Manipulated Masterpieces
122nd MMM "HALLOWEEN"Challenge
Tower background by sacral stock- deviantArt
www.deviantart.com/sacral-stock/art/Foggy-Forest-31-43181...
Scull girl by Estelle-photographie- deviantArt
Bats by Moonglowlily-deviantArt
Shadow hands by Pixabay
Retrochoir of the Roman Catholic cathedral of Seville, Seville, Spain. This wonderful Baroque style retrochoir is work of Miguel de Zumárraga and was finalized in 1635. It was constructed with precious materials like marmor or jasper and it's decorated with bas-relieves and bronce busts.
The Cathedral of Seville is built on the old aljama mosque of the city, this shows the power that one culture exercises over another when it is conquered. This fact makes its plan different, facing Mecca and not Jerusalem, that is, facing south instead of east. It should be clarified that Mecca is oriented at 10o from Seville and not at 86o as the old mosque is oriented, this is due to the fact that in Al-Andalus the mosques had to be oriented towards the south quadrant and not towards the east, as the Christian churches did. When the Cathedral Chapter commissioned the design of the Gothic Cathedral, it stated verbatim that it wanted a Cathedral that everyone who saw it would take for crazy. For this, 5 naves were created that covered the 116 by 76 meter rectangle occupied by the Almohad mosque, this results, unlike what was usual in the great European Gothic Cathedrals, a hall plan with a Latin cross marked in height and in width by the central naves and the transept. This hall plan also results in the absence of an ambulatory at the head, which ends in a straight line like the wall of the old mosque. Later the Royal Chapel would be added, which is a Renaissance apse, but it does not really correspond to the Gothic company. In the naves of the Gospel and the Epistle, which are the lateral naves, there are many chapels. The 60 pillars support 68 ogive vaults, highlighting those of the transept and central nave with their star shapes. Instead of placing a clerestory, a continuous balcony was chosen along the main nave in order to be able to wander around the temple without being seen. Located in the central nave, in order from the feet, are the Retrochoir, the Choir, with two organs, the Transept, the Main Altar, the Back of Altar and the Royal Chapel.
Ruins of a medieval fortified church are located above the village of Lúčka, situated at the border of the Slovenské rudohorie mountain range and the national park of Slovenský kras. The village had been known since 1409 as part of the Turňa Castle Estate donated to Pál Besen by King Sigismund.
According to the testimony provided by the local church, however, the village dates back to at least the half of the 13th century. The church itself was built as an early-Gothic church of the Gemer style. In the first half of the 15th century, it was surrounded by a defensive stone wall with a watchtower situated in the front. The small fortress was captured by Jan Jiskra’s troopsand is commonly called the Hussite church by the locals. Only the external walls of the church and the considerably lowered defensive wall with the tower that later on served as a belfry have been preserved up to the present. The quadratic tower used to have two floors in the past, with three windows on the first floor and three loopholes on the ground floor that served to watch the surroundings and to protect the fortress from three sides: the west, the south, and the east. The top of the slope upon which the church was built provided for the natural protection from the north.
The area where the church stands counts among the ecologically cleanest territories in Slovakia. It provides for exceptionally good conditions for recreationin a peaceful natural setting and for short walks in the basin of the Čremošná, to the lake of Lúčka, as well as to the surrounding beech and fir forests. Moreover, the unique natural reserve of Zádielska dolina is located in close distance, lined with plateaux where traces of fortified prehistoric settlements were confirmed by archaeological surveys.
Foto 11: Commemorazione della rivoluzione Messicana
Foto del 2009
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LA RIVOLUZIONE MESSICANA
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Le pitture si susseguono incalzanti.
I colori catturano gli occhi, li graffiano.
Figure s'intrecciano a mimare la sofferenza.
Pennellate sanguigne tratteggiano il dramma di una storia spesso cruenta.
Un sussulto.
Perché tanto dolore tanta sopraffazione.
Perché la storia è sangue?
Me lo domando, ma è misera retorica la mia.
L'uomo è così.
Incapace di vivere senza guerre.
Il murale che ho scelto non è il migliore,
non possiamo relegare il tutto ad una gara.
Forse è quello più importante per il Messico moderno.
Il sofferto inizio di un lungo e difficile cammino verso la democrazia.
Seppur nella sacralità del momento, ne rimarca ancora barlumi d'insofferenza.
La data è ben in evidenza ma sono le figure ai lati a catturare interesse.
Volti senza sorriso che trasmettono solo la difficoltà dell'impresa da compiersi.
Occhi fissi, spenti, sono ancora i fucili a comandare.
Che tristezza.
La data del 4 giugno 1910 è solo una prima tappa per arrivare ad un paese libero e solidale.
Eroi popolari come Emiliano Zapata e Francisco “Pancho” Villa,
ad enfatizzarne il diritto e la giustizia per un popolo oppresso dal potere dissennato.
La storia nel suo evolversi la potrete trovare sui libri o sulla rete.
Sono troppo stanco per proseguire.
E' il 26 dicembre 2020 mentre scrivo, piango.
La notte è arrivata sono spossato e preoccupato.
Quest'anno è stato un'ecatombe mondiale.
Dobbiamo fare la nostra rivoluzione.
Dobbiamo cambiare, ma non fucili, ABBRACCI.
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© Il testo e la foto sono di esclusiva proprietà dell'autore, Stefano Paradossi, che ne detiene i diritti e ne vieta qualsiasi utilizzo da parte di terzi. La foto fa parte dell'Archivio Fotografico della famiglia Paradossi.
© The text and the picture are of exclusive property of the author, Stefano Paradossi, who owns the rights and prohibits any use by third parties. The image is part of the Photo Archive of the Paradossi family.
The double-towered parish church with the rare patronage “Presentation of the Lord” towers high above Aschau im Chiemgau.
A church is mentioned early on in the last quarter of the 12th century. Mentioned in a document in Aschau, it is probably a Romanesque Baptist church.
Around 1450, during the late Gothic period, a new two-aisled building with star rib vaults was built, the main nave and the lower south side aisle, which was already separated from the main nave by columns.
Around 1620/30, local craftsmen began to gradually redesign the church in Baroque style, for example in 1673 with a new Baroque high altar. The first stucco work also began in 1702.
Count Max IV of Preysing - Hohenaschau commissioned Johann B. Gunetzrhainer to plan the renovation. The renovation took place in 1752/53. The main nave is extended by a bay to the west and has a gallery.
But in the middle of the 19th century. Do you want to romanize the church? The baroque high altar is removed and replaced by a sober, Romanesque-looking high altar. But in 1929 this high altar was replaced by a new one. The altarpiece is from the Baroque period and shows the representation of the Lord in the temple. This is where the patronage of the church comes from.
Fortunately, money ran out during the Romanization phase, and so the richly stuccoed ceiling with its magnificent frescoes has been preserved. Balthasar Mang painted the frescoes in 1753/54.
The pulpit from 1687 was also spared from the wave of Romanization.
In 1904, Theodor von Cramer - Klett, owner of the Hohenaschau estate, had the north tower built. From this point on, the south tower has a companion and the church now presents itself to visitors to the city with two towers. He also had the presbytery enlarged and the extension on the east side expanded.
La nota città spagnola di Granada deve a questo frutto il suo nome, da sempre simbolo della fertilità. La tradizione di questa pianta è davvero molto antica e ricca di leggende e di storie misteriose.
Il simbolo della fertilità è da sempre molto collegato ad essa, al punto di trovarlo fra le mani di diversi affreschi e dipinti raffiguranti Gesù, proprio per significare la vita che Dio ci ha donato.
Simbolo di resurrezione per l’arte copta, per Giunone era simbolo di sacralità e per Venere di amore, infatti, le spose dell’antica Roma ne intrecciavano rami da posare poi sul loro capo.
In Turchia la sposa lascia cadere a terra un melograno per vedere quanti chicchi usciranno: il numero corrisponderà al numero di figli che potrà avere.
In India si pensa che il succo sia un potente curatore contro la sterilità.
Nel linguaggio dei fiori, inserire in una composizione un frutto di melograno significa “amore forte che arde”.
Roggenburg is a municipality in the Neu - Ulm district and has approx. 2,700 inhabitants. The most important building in this community is the Premonstratensian monastery with its Church of the Assumption of Mary.Simpert Kramer began building the church in 1752, but died in 1753, so that his son Martin Kramer completed the building in 1758.The church is integrated into the monastery building and is not itself an independent building, as is usual with the Premonstratensians. You therefore enter the church through a side entrance.It is not known exactly who the stucco comes from, either from Gottlieb or Ignaz Finsterwalder, but also Franz Xaver Feitmeyr, these names are involved.Unfortunately, the original frescoes by Franz Martin Kuen are no longer preserved. In 1845 the nave vault collapsed.Only in 1900 does the Bavarian state have new frescoes added, painted by Prof. Waldemar Kolmsperger from Munich.The Altar building family Bergmüller made the altars, the figures on the high altar were attributed to Franz Sturm.The choir stalls are taken over from the previous church, created in 1628 by Jakob Hornung and Christoph Rodt.
The organ and the organ brochure is remarkable. It is popularly known as the “big rye burger”. Built in 1761 by the Bergmüller family, the prospectus has housed several organs in the course of its history. Originally an organ built by Georg Friedrich Schmal from Ulm is built into the prospectus. This is no longer available. Johann Nepomuk Holzhey rebuilt and changed the organ. But this change is no longer there either.The church is 70 m long, 35 m wide and 28 m high.
High above the bavarian town Landsberg am Lech there is the Heilig – Kreuz – Kirche of the Jesuit order.
This beautiful sacral building was built between 1752 and 1754 by Ignatius Merani.
The fresco was painted by Christoph Thomas Scheffler, they belong to the largest frescos in bavaria.
Salvator Church in Duisburg, Germany
A new organ from the Swiss company Kuhn is put into service in 2002.
The fortified early Gothic church from the first half of the 14th century was built on the site of an older building. In the 15th century it was fortified with a wall and a wooden bell tower was built on the grounds in 1657. The single-nave space with a square-ended presbytery and a built-in sacristy has a painted cassette ceiling from 1758, the presbytery is characteristic by its rib vault. The mural paintings date back to the 60s of the 14th century and the creator of at least a part of them is the Master of Ochtiná presbytery. These interior frescoes were discovered in the early 20th century by I. Huszka who was restoring them in 1905. All the paintings, interior and exterior ones, were completely restored between 1983 and 1985 by J. Josefík, L. Székely and I. Žuch.
Within the almost intact medieval church, the murals have a uniquely strong impression and informative value, thanks to their scale and complexity of preservation. Thematically they focus on individual scenes from the Marian and the Passion cycle, but they do not have a uniform concept unlike the upper belt on the nave’s northern wall with a complete depiction of the St. Ladislaus legend.
On the croix, there is a sign that says, "Érigée depuis plus de 150 ans par les familles Lapointe du second rang. Cette croix est un rappel de la foi des habitants du deuxième rang qui se rassemblent durant le mois de mai pour prier et demander la clémence du Seigneur pour obtenir de bonnes récoltes" - the croix was erected over 150 years ago by the Lapointe families living on the 2nd Rang and was a place they used to gather in the month of May to ask for good harvests.
Croix de chemin are found in many locations - at rural road intersections, in towns and in front of farm buildings. This one, located amidst farm equipment, electrical wires and outbuildings, is decorated with instruments of the Passion: the ladder and spear.
Bas-Saint-Laurent, Quebec, Canada
This image is one in a series of croix de chemin (roadside crosses) taken during my December 2022 photographic trip to Québec. There are between 2,500 and 3,000 croix de chemin scattered all over rural Québec, the historic centre of North American Catholicism. Despite the decrease in influence of the Catholic Church during the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s and the prediction that, as a result, croix de chemin would disappear from the rural landscape, recent surveys have shown that around 80% of the croix that were surveyed in the 70s and 80s are still standing. Croix de chemin are large (15 to 20 feet tall) crosses that where originally “erected to fulfill a vow, to sacralize the land, or to ward off calamities” (Kaell, p. 135). They hark back to the cross that Jacques Cartier erected on the Canadian mainland, in Gaspé, on July 24, 1534 on his first exploration trip of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, but also represent their owners’ Catholic devotion and are examples of beautiful rural folk art. Croix de chemin are most often made of wood (though some more modern ones are made of metal) and are decorated with iconography of the Passion. Each year their caretakers try to repaint them and every 40 or 50 years they have to be replaced altogether. There are three main types of croix de chemin: (1) the simple croix de chemin which may have some decorative elements at the end or centre, (2) the croix de chemin featuring instruments of the Passion which are decorated with a lance, nails, hammer, whip, ladder, crown of thorns, and/or rooster and (3) the calvaire, which depicts the crucifixion scene.
The primary reason I wanted to photograph the croix de chemin was that they are wonderful pieces of folk art – made and maintained, sometimes for many decades, by local artisans, and are pretty much unique to Québec in Canada (although emigrants from Québec brought a few to Ontario and Manitoba in the 19th century). I spent many hours of scouting the locations of croix de chemin using the fantastic website Les Croix de Chemin au Québec and searching out and photographing them to create this series was a highlight of my recent trip. In the end, I photographed almost 40 croix de chemin to create this series.
Kaell, H. (2017) Marking memory: Heritage work and devotional labor at Québec’s croix de chemin. In K. Norget (Ed.), The Anthropology of Catholicism (pp. 122-138). University of California Press.
Joly, D. (2007). Wayside crosses. In Encyclopedia of French cultural heritage in North America. www.ameriquefrancaise.org/en/article-296/Wayside_Crosses.html
I wrote a blog post about my December 2022 photographic trip to the rural areas of Chaudière-Appalaches (Beauce) and Bas-Saint-Laurent, south and east of Québec City. If you'd like to see some behind the scene shots, video and read some stories about how I shot these images, take a look.
If you'd like to see the rest of the images from this trip, take a look at my Québec album and if you'd like to see the series within the series - the croix de chemin - there's an album for them, as well.
Biru ‘e Concas è un eccezionale sito archeologico che contiene un raggruppamento di menhir fra i più importanti dell’intera area mediterranea. Sono circa 200 monoliti, alcuni isolati, altri in piccoli gruppi, altri ancora disposti in circoli o allineati fino a un numero di 20 menhir. Molti giacciono sul terreno, interi o spezzati, fuori dalla loro posizione originaria.
La visita di questo luogo mi ha veramente impressionato, per l’atmosfera di sacralità che le sue antichissime pietre riescono a trasmettere, ma anche perché si estende in mezzo ad alberi secolari, fra conifere, castagni e nocciole, in un ambiente naturale di emozionante bellezza.
(v. altre foto di Biru ‘e Concas nello stesso album “Pedras fittas, i menhir di Sardegna”).
FS 9.9.22
The Roman Catholic wooden church of St. Francis of Assisi, made of red spruce, was built at the end of the 15th century in the Gothic style. It is situated on a small elevation in the centre of the village of Hervartov in the Bardejov district. Since 2008 it has been included in the list of UNESCO monuments.
It is the oldest and one of the best preserved wooden churches in Slovakia. The church is enclosed by a stone wall with pilasters, which gives visitors the impression of a small fortress. The sacral building consists of a polygonal sanctuary, a nave, a sacristy and an undercroft, which has been modified to create a granary. The church also includes a bell tower.
While the exterior of the oldest wooden church on the Slovak side of the Carpathian Mountains has remained unchanged, the interior has undergone several modifications due to the Reformation, the Recatholization and the Baroque style. Surface compositions of geometric shapes as well as scenes from the lives of saints or moral scenes make up the rich decoration of the interior walls of the Hervart church.
A lovely old calvaire that is showing some wear and tear.
Bas-Saint-Laurent, Quebec, Canada
This image is one in a series of croix de chemin (roadside crosses) taken during my December 2022 photographic trip to Québec. There are between 2,500 and 3,000 croix de chemin scattered all over rural Québec, the historic centre of North American Catholicism. Despite the decrease in influence of the Catholic Church during the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s and the prediction that, as a result, croix de chemin would disappear from the rural landscape, recent surveys have shown that around 80% of the croix that were surveyed in the 70s and 80s are still standing. Croix de chemin are large (15 to 20 feet tall) crosses that where originally “erected to fulfill a vow, to sacralize the land, or to ward off calamities” (Kaell, p. 135). They hark back to the cross that Jacques Cartier erected on the Canadian mainland, in Gaspé, on July 24, 1534 on his first exploration trip of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, but also represent their owners’ Catholic devotion and are examples of beautiful rural folk art. Croix de chemin are most often made of wood (though some more modern ones are made of metal) and are decorated with iconography of the Passion. Each year their caretakers try to repaint them and every 40 or 50 years they have to be replaced altogether. There are three main types of croix de chemin: (1) the simple croix de chemin which may have some decorative elements at the end or centre, (2) the croix de chemin featuring instruments of the Passion which are decorated with a lance, nails, hammer, whip, ladder, crown of thorns, and/or rooster and (3) the calvaire, which depicts the crucifixion scene.
The primary reason I wanted to photograph the croix de chemin was that they are wonderful pieces of folk art – made and maintained, sometimes for many decades, by local artisans, and are pretty much unique to Québec in Canada (although emigrants from Québec brought a few to Ontario and Manitoba in the 19th century). I spent many hours of scouting the locations of croix de chemin using the fantastic website Les Croix de Chemin au Québec and searching out and photographing them to create this series was a highlight of my recent trip. In the end, I photographed almost 40 croix de chemin to create this series.
Kaell, H. (2017) Marking memory: Heritage work and devotional labor at Québec’s croix de chemin. In K. Norget (Ed.), The Anthropology of Catholicism (pp. 122-138). University of California Press.
Joly, D. (2007). Wayside crosses. In Encyclopedia of French cultural heritage in North America. www.ameriquefrancaise.org/en/article-296/Wayside_Crosses.html
I wrote a blog post about my December 2022 photographic trip to the rural areas of Chaudière-Appalaches (Beauce) and Bas-Saint-Laurent, south and east of Québec City. If you'd like to see some behind the scene shots, video and read some stories about how I shot these images, take a look.
If you'd like to see the rest of the images from this trip, take a look at my Québec album and if you'd like to see the series within the series - the croix de chemin - there's an album just for croix, as well.
In the bavarian town of Donauwörth, there is the church of the former monastery of the Benedictines.
Joseph Schmutzer, masterbuilder, begun 1717 to built it.
Between 1723 and 1735 the inner of this sacral building got a new style in baroque.
The Monastery at Lébény was established between 1199 and 1203, by a nobleman, for private worship. The complex was dedicated to the Apostle Saint James the Great. Though the existing charter for approving the donations and construction was signed by Andreas II (1208), one of the walls of the church had “1206” engraved in them, which may indicate that the church was already built at that time. It is also mentioned in the RegestrumVaradiense (an important language memorial), which was made in the late cathedral chapter of the present Oradea (Nagyvárad) in the 13th century. The monastery of Lébény was attacked and burnt down several times; the first by Mongols, then the second by King Ottokar I of Bohemia; and thereafter by the Turks, which was probably in 1529 and definitely in 1683. The monastery was taken back from the Turks by the arch-abbot of Pannonhalma in 1540. He named a new abbot, though the title only existed on paper for a little bit longer than two decades. In 1563 the monastery was burnt down again for the third time and was left devoured. Presently, the only part of the complex that is still standing is the iconic three-nave Romanesque church in the middle of Lébény village. This church is one of the most important Romanesque style buildings of Hungary, which was most probably restored in the 17th century by the Jesuits, and it was the first ever Hungarian monument that was restored in the second half of the 19th century. In addition, the Romanesque church is also operating as a parish of the village.
This image is one in a series of croix de chemin (roadside crosses). There are between 2,500 and 3,000 croix de chemin scattered all over rural Québec, the historic centre of North American Catholicism. Croix de chemin are large (15 to 20 feet tall) and were “erected to fulfill a vow, to sacralize the land, or to ward off calamities” (Kaell, “Marking Memory”, p. 135). Croix de chemin are most often made of wood and are decorated with iconography of the Passion. There are three main types: (1) the simple croix de chemin which may have some decorative elements at the end or centre, (2) the croix de chemin featuring instruments of the Passion which are decorated with a lance, nails, hammer, whip, ladder, crown of thorns, and/or rooster and (3) the calvaire, which depicts the crucifixion scene.
Chaudière-Appalaches (Beauce), Québec, Canada.
I wrote a blog post about my December 2022 photographic trip to the rural areas of Chaudière-Appalaches (Beauce) and Bas-Saint-Laurent, south and east of Québec City. If you'd like to see some behind the scene shots, video and read some stories about how I shot these images, take a look.
If you'd like to see the rest of the images from this trip, take a look at my Québec album and if you'd like to see the series within the series - the croix de chemin - there's an album for croix, as well.
The Monastery at Lébény was established between 1199 and 1203, by a nobleman, for private worship. The complex was dedicated to the Apostle Saint James the Great. Though the existing charter for approving the donations and construction was signed by Andreas II (1208), one of the walls of the church had “1206” engraved in them, which may indicate that the church was already built at that time. It is also mentioned in the RegestrumVaradiense (an important language memorial), which was made in the late cathedral chapter of the present Oradea (Nagyvárad) in the 13th century. The monastery of Lébény was attacked and burnt down several times; the first by Mongols, then the second by King Ottokar I of Bohemia; and thereafter by the Turks, which was probably in 1529 and definitely in 1683. The monastery was taken back from the Turks by the arch-abbot of Pannonhalma in 1540. He named a new abbot, though the title only existed on paper for a little bit longer than two decades. In 1563 the monastery was burnt down again for the third time and was left devoured. Presently, the only part of the complex that is still standing is the iconic three-nave Romanesque church in the middle of Lébény village. This church is one of the most important Romanesque style buildings of Hungary, which was most probably restored in the 17th century by the Jesuits, and it was the first ever Hungarian monument that was restored in the second half of the 19th century. In addition, the Romanesque church is also operating as a parish of the village.
The Monastery at Lébény was established between 1199 and 1203, by a nobleman, for private worship. The complex was dedicated to the Apostle Saint James the Great. Though the existing charter for approving the donations and construction was signed by Andreas II (1208), one of the walls of the church had “1206” engraved in them, which may indicate that the church was already built at that time. It is also mentioned in the RegestrumVaradiense (an important language memorial), which was made in the late cathedral chapter of the present Oradea (Nagyvárad) in the 13th century. The monastery of Lébény was attacked and burnt down several times; the first by Mongols, then the second by King Ottokar I of Bohemia; and thereafter by the Turks, which was probably in 1529 and definitely in 1683. The monastery was taken back from the Turks by the arch-abbot of Pannonhalma in 1540. He named a new abbot, though the title only existed on paper for a little bit longer than two decades. In 1563 the monastery was burnt down again for the third time and was left devoured. Presently, the only part of the complex that is still standing is the iconic three-nave Romanesque church in the middle of Lébény village. This church is one of the most important Romanesque style buildings of Hungary, which was most probably restored in the 17th century by the Jesuits, and it was the first ever Hungarian monument that was restored in the second half of the 19th century. In addition, the Romanesque church is also operating as a parish of the village.
Together with the castle, the monastery complex with St. Mang Church is one of Füssen's landmarks.
The monastery complex was built in the 9th century as a proprietary monastery of the Bishops of Augsburg. However, its origins trace back to the hermit Magnus, who built a cell and an oratory.
There were several predecessor churches and alterations to the existing religious buildings.
During the Thirty Years' War, the monastery complex and church were plundered and severely damaged, leading to consideration of rebuilding.
In 1701, Johann Jakob Herkomer designed and built the new church. It was consecrated in 1717, the same year Herkomer died. His nephew, Johann Georg Fischer, completed the interior furnishings by 1726.
Johann Jakob Herkomer designed the stucco decorations; the stucco work on the organ gallery was executed later, in 1752/53, by Joseph Fischer.
Although Herkomer also designed the frescoes and partially executed them himself, the majority were painted by Franz Georg Hermann.
Andreas Jäger built the organ on the west gallery in 1753. The Rococo organ case is considered one of the most beautiful in Bavaria.
La località di Santo Stefano, nei pressi di Oschiri, costituisce un ambiente naturale e archeologico di estremo interesse. Oltre alle numerose evidenze di epoca preistorica, il sito è caratterizzato dalla presenza di strane pietre dalle forme più varie, molte delle quali lavorate con enigmatici segni ed incisioni. In questo luogo affascinante l'azione della natura e quella dell'uomo si confondono dando all'insieme un forte senso di sacralità.
(v. anche Oschiri - Altare di Santo Stefano in album Altre memorie... di pietra).
FS 11.11.16
In Witzighausen, a district of Senden in the Neu-Ulm district, there is the magnificent pilgrimage church of the Birth of the Virgin.
In 1738 the foundation stone for the new church in Witzighausen is laid. The completion is two years later, in 1740. In that year Christoph Thomas Scheffler signed his frescoes. Gottlieb Finsterwalder needed 13.5 weeks for the stuccoing of the church interior, probably with the help of his brother Ignaz.
On September 12, 1748, the Augsburg auxiliary bishop consecrated the church, but the church is still without altars. The money for the purchase is scarce, the coffers empty. But in 1757/58 Franz Josef Bergmüller erects the altars, but without altar leaves due to financial difficulties. Franz Huber delivers them in 1780. The builder of the pulpit is not known. The pulpit and altars were also not painted (painted) until 1781 by Joseph Hartmann from Illertissen.
In 1859 the tower is raised, which is not seen as an ornament for the church or landscape.