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Photography on behalf of GTSpirit.com of the 2013 Autosport International show at NEC. Birmingham - images published on their website in conjunction with editorial features of the event.
Our book because 2 is better than 1
Self published book with photographic inspiration for everyone. More info here.
published in Juste Magazine
Fotografía: FABRIZZIO VALENZUELA
Maquillaje y Peinado: CLAUDIA VICTORIANO
Estilismo: LILY SAEZ
Modelo: FRAN MELLADO (NEW MODELS CHILE)
Tambourine variation of Flying Jelly Ring, one of my designs published in "Jelly Yarn: 20 Cool Projects for Girls to Knit and Crochet" by Kathleen Greco and Nick Greco, (c) 2008, Krause Pub.
Photo (c) Kathleen Greco
filename JYfrALT0813alt
Video link below. Opened up to page 113.
This is a private documentary of our time partying on Route 66 in Amboy, Ca. in 2002, when Timothy White owned the town. It's an edited version of the video.
This photograph was published in the Illustrated Chronicle on the 12/07/1917.
During the Great War the Illustrated Chronicle published photographs of soldiers and sailors from Newcastle and the North East of England, which had been in the news. The photographs were sent in by relatives and give us a glimpse into the past.
The physical collection held by Newcastle Libraries comprises bound volumes of the newspaper from 1910 to 1925. We are keen to find out more about the people in the photographs. If you recognize anyone in the images and have any stories and information to add please comment below.
Just one of 10 new products Pacific Trading/Giftware has made from my art. This is a tiny enameled pewter box with crystals that flips open (not much room to keep anything in, but it IS cute as heck).
art/design © Meredith Dillman
Photo published 22/10/18
During the Great War the Illustrated Chronicle published photographs of soldiers and sailors from Newcastle and the North East of England, which had been in the news. The photographs were sent in by relatives and give us a glimpse into the past.
The physical collection held by Newcastle Libraries comprises bound volumes of the newspaper from 1910 to 1925. We are keen to find out more about the people in the photographs. If you recognize anyone in the images and have any stories and information to add please comment below.
This photograph was published in the Illustrated Chronicle on the
14th of February 1917.
During the Great War the Illustrated Chronicle published photographs of soldiers and sailors from Newcastle and the North East of England, which had been in the news. The photographs were sent in by relatives and give us a glimpse into the past.
The physical collection held by Newcastle Libraries comprises bound volumes of the newspaper from 1910 to 1925. We are keen to find out more about the people in the photographs. If you recognize anyone in the images and have any stories and information to add please comment below.
Published in Dr. C. W. Roback's almanac (1861).
Used courtesy of The Lincoln Financial Collection and The Internet Archive.
my latest featured photo used as cover image for the oxfordshire life magazine january 2009 issue. Special thanks to Sandra Fraser (editor) of the magazine.
ピンクノウゼンカズラ
Podranea ricasoliana (Tanfani) Sprague, 1904
First published in W.H.Harvey & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 4(2): 450 (1904)
This species is accepted
Confirmation Date: 08/25, 2023.
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Family: Bignoniaceae (APG IV)
---------------------------------
Authors:
Enrico Tanfani (1848-1892)
Thomas Archibald Sprague (1877-1958)
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In Authors:
Sir, William Turner Thiselton (Thistleton) Dyer (1843-1928)
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Publication:
Flora Capensis; being a systematic description of the plants of the Cape Colony, Caffraria, & port Natal. London
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Collation:
4(2.3): 450
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Date of Publication:
Oct 1904
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The native range of this species is S. Tropical & S. Africa. It is a liana and grows primarily in the subtropical biome. It is has environmental uses.
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Distribution Native to:
Cape Provinces, KwaZulu-Natal, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia
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Introduced into:
Algeria, Bolivia, Canary Is., Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Hawaii, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Madeira, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Southwest, Puerto Rico, Spain, St.Helena, Trinidad-Tobago
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Basionym:
Tecoma ricasoliana Tanfani, Bull. Reale Soc. Tosc. Ortic. 12: 17, pls. 1, 2 (1887).
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Homotypic Synonyms
Pandorea ricasoliana (Tanfani) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler & K.A.E.Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(3b): 230 (1894)
Tecoma ricasoliana Tanfani in Bull. Soc. Tosc. Ortic. 17: t. 1-2 (1887)
Tecomaria ricasoliana (Tanfani) Kraenzl. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 225 (1921)
-----------------------------------
Publications:
----------------
POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:
Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
Burger, W. & Gentry, A.H. (2000). Bignoniaceae. Fieldiana Botany New Series, n.s., 41: 77-160. Field Museum of Natural History.
Evenhuis, N.L. & Eldredge, L.G. (eds.) (2012). Records of the Hawaii biological survey for 2011. Part II: plants. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 113: 1-102.
Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
Gentry, A. H. (1985). Bignoniaceae. Flore du Gabon 27: 19-56. Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
Gentry, A.H. (1977). Bignoniaceae. Flora of Ecuador 7: 1-172. Botanical Institute, University of Göteborg, Riksmuseum, Stockholm.
Greuter, W. & Raus, T. (2011). Med-Checklist Notulae, 30. Willdenowia 41: 311-328.
Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M.H. & Beck., S.G. (eds.) (2013). Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127: 1-1741. Missouri Botanical Garden.
Lambdon, P. (2012). Flowering plants & ferns of St Helena: 1-624. Pisces publications for St Helena nature conservation group.
López Patiño, E.J., Szeszko, D.R., Rascala Pérez, J. & Beltrán Retis, A.S. (2012). The flora of the Tenacingo-Malinalco-Zumpahuacán protected natural area, state of Mexico, Mexico. Harvard Papers in Botany 17: 65-167.
Muer, T., Sauerbier, H. & Cabrara Calixto, F. (2020). Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras: 1-792. Verlag und Versandbuchhandlung Andreas Kleinsteuber.
Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
Smithies, S.I. (2003). Bignoniceae, In: Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 312-313. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Verloove, F. (2017). New xenophytes from the Canary islands (Gran Canaria and Tenerife; Spain). Acta Botanica Croatica 76: 120-131.
----------------
Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia:
Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co
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Useful Plants of Boyacá Project:
GRIN National Genetic Resources Program www.ars-grin.gov in The State of the World’s Plants Report–2016. (2016). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew stateoftheworldsplants.org/2016
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Kew Backbone Distributions:
(2019). collectaneabotanica.revistas.csic.es/index.php/collectane.... epublication.
Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. (2005). Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 51: 1-483.
Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
Burger, W. & Gentry, A.H. (2000). Bignoniaceae. Fieldiana Botany New Series, n.s., 41: 77-160. Field Museum of Natural History.
Evenhuis, N.L. & Eldredge, L.G. (eds.) (2012). Records of the Hawaii biological survey for 2011. Part II: plants. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 113: 1-102.
Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
Gentry, A.H. (1982). Bignoniaceae. Flora de Veracruz 24: 1-222. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones sobre Recursos Bióticos, Xalapa, Veracruz.
Greuter, W. & Raus, T. (2011). Med-Checklist Notulae, 30. Willdenowia 41: 311-328.
Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.
Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M.H. & Beck., S.G. (eds.) (2013). Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127: 1-1741. Missouri Botanical Garden.
Lambdon, P. (2012). Flowering plants & ferns of St Helena: 1-624. Pisces publications for St Helena nature conservation group.
López Patiño, E.J., Szeszko, D.R., Rascala Pérez, J. & Beltrán Retis, A.S. (2012). The flora of the Tenacingo-Malinalco-Zumpahuacán protected natural area, state of Mexico, Mexico. Harvard Papers in Botany 17: 65-167.
Muer, T., Sauerbier, H. & Cabrara Calixto, F. (2020). Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras: 1-792. Verlag und Versandbuchhandlung Andreas Kleinsteuber.
Smithies, S.I. (2003). Bignoniceae, In: Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 312-313. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Standley, P.C. & Williams, L.O. (1974). Bignoniaceae. Fieldiana Botany New Series 24(10/3): 153-232. Field Museum of Natural History.
Verloove, F. (2017). New xenophytes from the Canary islands (Gran Canaria and Tenerife; Spain). Acta Botanica Croatica 76: 120-131.
----------------
Flora of Tropical East Africa:
E. Afr. ed. 4 p. 141 (1957) as Tecoma brycei N.E. Br. and T. mackenii W. Wats.
T.T.C.L.: 72 (1949) as P. brycei (N. E. Br.) Sprague
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Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia:
Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
GBIF.org (2021). GBIF species matching tool. www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup
GRIN (2021). Germplasm Resources Information Network from the United States Department of Agriculture. www.ars-grin.gov
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Accepted By:
AFPD. 2008. African Flowering Plants Database - Base de Donnees des Plantes a Fleurs D'Afrique.
Balick, M. J., M. H. Nee & D.E. Atha. 2000. Checklist of the vascular plants of Belize. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 85: i–ix, 1–246.
Berendsohn, W. G. & A.E. Araniva de González. 1989. Listado básico de la Flora Salvadorensis: Dicotyledonae, Sympetalae (pro parte): Labiatae, Bignoniaceae, Acanthaceae, Pedaliaceae, Martyniaceae, Gesneriaceae, Compositae. Cuscatlania 1(3): 290–1–290–13.
Breedlove, D.E. 1986. Flora de Chiapas. Listados Floríst. México 4: i–v, 1–246.
Burger, W.C. & A.H. Gentry. 2000. Family 194. Bignoniaceae. In: W. Burger (ed.), Flora Costaricensis. Fieldiana, Bot., n.s. 41: 77–161. View in Biodiversity Heritage Library
CONABIO. 2009. Catálogo taxonómico de especies de México. 1. In Capital Nat. México. CONABIO, Mexico City.
Correa A., M. D., C. Galdames & M. Stapf. 2004. Cat. Pl. Vasc. Panamá 1–599. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panamá.
Gentry, A.H. 1977. 178. Bignoniaceae. 7: 1–172. In G. W. Harling & B. B. Sparre (eds.) Fl. Ecuador. University of Göteborg & Swedish Museum of Natural History, Göteborg & Stockholm.
Gentry, A.H. 1992. Bignoniaceae–Part II (Tribe Tecomeae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 25(2): 1–370.
Gentry, A.H. 1982. Bignoniaceae. Fl. Veracruz 24: 1–222. View in Biodiversity Heritage Library
Gibbs Russell, G. E., W. G. M. Welman, E. Retief, K. L. Immelman, G. Germishuizen, B. J. Pienaar, M. Van Wyk & A. Nicholas. 1987. List of species of southern African plants. Mem. Bot. Surv. South Africa 2(1–2): 1–152(pt. 1), 1–270(pt. 2).
Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., R. D. C. Ortiz, R. Callejas Posada & M. Merello. (eds.) 2011. Fl. Antioquia: Cat. 2: 9–939. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.
Jørgensen, P. M. & C. Ulloa Ulloa. 1994. Seed plants of the high Andes of Ecuador—A checklist. A. A. U. Rep. 34: 1–443.
Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez. (eds.) 1999. Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: i–viii, 1–1181.
Jørgensen, P. M., M. H. Nee & S. G. Beck. (eds.) 2014. Cat. Pl. Vasc. Bolivia, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 127(1–2): i–viii, 1–1744. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
Jørgensen, P. M., M. H. Nee, S. G. Beck & A. F. Fuentes Claros. 2015 en adelante. Catalogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia (adiciones).
Molina Rosito, A. 1975. Enumeración de las plantas de Honduras. Ceiba 19(1): 1–118.
Nelson, C. H. 2008. Cat. Pl. Vasc. Honduras i–xxix, 31–1576. Secretaría de Recursos Naturales y Ambiente, Tegucigalpa.
Standley, P. C. & L. O. Williams. 1974. Bignoniaceae. In Standley, P.C., Williams, L.O. & Gibson, D.N. (eds.), Flora o f Guatemala - Part X, Number 3. Fieldiana, Bot. 24(10/3): 153–232. View in Biodiversity Heritage Library
Stevens, W. D., C. Ulloa Ulloa, A. Pool & O. M. Montiel Jarquín. 2001. Flora de Nicaragua. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85: i–xlii,.
Zuloaga, F. O., O. Morrone, M. J. Belgrano, C. Marticorena & E. Marchesi. (eds.) 2008. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares del Cono Sur. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 107(1–3): i–xcvi, 1–3348.
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Canon EOS M10
Canon Zoom Lens EF-M 15-45mm 1:3.5-6.3 IS STM
This photograph was published in the Illustrated Chronicle on the
9th of February 1917.
During the Great War the Illustrated Chronicle published photographs of soldiers and sailors from Newcastle and the North East of England, which had been in the news. The photographs were sent in by relatives and give us a glimpse into the past.
The physical collection held by Newcastle Libraries comprises bound volumes of the newspaper from 1910 to 1925. We are keen to find out more about the people in the photographs. If you recognize anyone in the images and have any stories and information to add please comment below.
TRUST YOUR OWN INNER VOICE/GUT/ FEELING /INTUITION. each person has their own wisdom. I guess the reason why I'm on every single social media platform I can find including alternative ones mainstream, alternative, whatever I'm on every single one that I can find that's free in addition to having my own website Shannon Kringen dot com since 2000... and then I share my photos on Flickr and my videos on YouTube. And I have several blogs and the reason why I maintain all of this is because in case they- whoever's in charge- decides to delete it or eliminate it all together. I cross post my art on every single website that I possibly can so that I can keep my creative expression published in the universe online as well as recording my voice making music and publishing poetry books and art books. That's my way of creative expression and keeping my voice literally expressed in the community online and I try to ignore all of the drama if i cannot personally do anything to "solve" it... and all of the people arguing about every topic imaginable. Everything we say and do online has been curated in some way and its being "collected as data to train machines etc anyway ha ha right? what a GAME. in the last several years especially, and it's kind of creepy like humans are being trained to think a certain way and act a certain way. And I am continuously trying to figure out how I can keep creating in some kind of inspirational way and not react with anger to all the things that I think are BS + downright abusive and disgusting and disruptive and negative/manipulative/mostly wanting to sell ideas and agendas and literally products... and blah blah blah blah blah. And I don't want to argue or debate with anybody who has different opinions than mine- and i want the world to have variety. I just want to keep creating from a place of joy and love and whatever Freedom we have left as humans. heres a collages i just made of my art book, poetry book i self published along with the article seattle magazine and the everett herald published on my art car. thank you everyone involved in this- this gives me joy and hopefully spreads positive eNeRgY to others in the community reminding them of playful fun aspects of life. i am inspired by Pippi Longstocking and Willy Wonka Oompa Loompa Boopity Do su·per·ca·li·fra·gil·is·tic·ex·pi·a·li·do·cious KringFlower Goddess KRING Music. Shannon Nicole Kringen is me.
© Danielle Earl/Skate Canada
Photo may not be published, posted, or reproduced without permission from the artist.
The Postcard
A carte postale that was published by Ern. Thill of Brussels. The card was posted in Brussels using a 1 Franc stamp on Monday the 23rd. July 1928. It was sent to:
Miss Elliott,
St. Margaret's,
Carshalton Road,
Sutton,
Surrey,
England.
The message on the divided back of the card was as follows:
"I think you may like
to see a wee bit of
this church.
I wish you were here.
(No. 1)"
The Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula
The Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula (French: Cathédrale Saints-Michel-et-Gudule) is a medieval Catholic cathedral in central Brussels, Belgium. It is dedicated to Saint Michael and Saint Gudula, the patron saints of the City of Brussels, and is a major example of Brabantine Gothic architecture.
The Romanesque church's construction began in the 11th. century, replacing an earlier chapel, and was largely complete in its current Gothic form by the 16th. century, although its interior was frequently modified in the following centuries.
The building includes late-Gothic and Baroque chapels, whilst its neo-Gothic decorative elements, including some of its stained glass windows in the aisles, date from restoration work in the 19th. century. St. Gudula is also noted for its musical components, notably its two pipe organs and its immense church bells. St. Gudula was designated a historic monument in 1936.
The church was elevated to cathedral status in 1962. As the national church of Belgium, it frequently hosts royal weddings, state funerals and other official ceremonies, such as the Te Deum on Belgian National Day.
-- Early History of St. Gudula
The cathedral's origins are obscure, but historians agree that, as early as the 9th. century, a chapel dedicated to Saint Michael probably stood in its place, on what was the most important point in Brussels at the time; the crossroads of two major trade routes—a first one connecting the County of Flanders and Cologne, and another between Antwerp and Mons.
In the 11th. century, the first chapel was replaced by a Romanesque church. In 1047, Lambert II, Count of Leuven, and his wife Oda of Verdun, founded a chapter in this church, and installed the relics of the martyr Saint Gudula. In 1072, the church was re-consecrated, probably following a fire.
In the 13th. century, Henry I, Duke of Brabant, ordered two round towers to be added to the church. His son, Henry II, Duke of Brabant, instructed the building of a Brabantine Gothic collegiate church in 1226. The choir was constructed between 1226 and 1276. The nave and transept date from the 14th. and 16th. centuries. The entire church took about 300 years to complete. The main structure was finalised just before Emperor Charles V's reign began in 1519.
In the 16th. and 17th. centuries, the church underwent several modifications, the most remarkable of which was the addition of some chapels: the Chapel of the Blessed Sacrament of the Miracle (1534 – 1539), the Chapel of Our Lady of Deliverance (1649 – 1655) and the Chapel of St. Mary Magdalen (1672 – 1675).
On the 6th. June 1579, the collegiate church was pillaged and wrecked by Protestant Geuzen ("Beggars"), and Saint Gudula's relics were disinterred and scattered. In the 1790's, it also suffered looting and destruction by French revolutionaries known as the sans-culottes, including the loss of its original carillon.
-- 19th. Century – Present Day
The building was designated a historic monument on the 5th. March 1936. In the mid-20th. century, it was narrowly spared during the building of the North–South connection, a major railway link through central Brussels. On that occasion, a large forecourt, known as the Parvis Sainte-Gudule/Sinter-Goedelevoorplein, was built in front of it.
It was not until 1962, with the creation of the Archdiocese of Mechelen–Brussels, that the collegiate church was promoted to the rank of co-cathedral, when it became the Archbishop's seat, together with St. Rumbold's Cathedral in Mechelen.
Restoration work was carried out in the 19th. century under the direction of the architect Tilman-François Suys who, from 1839 to 1845, restored the towers and portals, and again in the 20th. century under the direction of Jean Rombaux, then Victor Gaston Martiny, chief architect-town planner of the Province of Brabant. The cathedral was once again thoroughly restored between 1983 and 1999. On those occasions, archaeological excavations were undertaken, which led to the discovery of remains of the Romanesque church and crypt underneath the current choir.
-- The Cathedral's Main Features
Most of the cathedral is in the Brabantine Gothic style, although some parts are in the newer Baroque style. It is traditionally listed, alongside the Church of Our Lady of the Chapel and the Church of Our Lady of Victories at the Sablon, as one of the three Gothic churches still standing in central Brussels.
The cathedral is built of stone from the Gobertange quarry, which is located 45 km (28 mi) south-east of the cathedral's site.
The building adopts the classic plan: a Latin cross with a three-bay long choir ending in a five-sided apse surrounded by an ambulatory. It is imposing by its sheer size: 110 metres (360 ft) long, 30 metres (98 ft) wide (50 metres (160 ft) at the level of the choir), and 26.5 metres (87 ft) high. The entrance towers reach a height of 69 metres (226 ft).
-- The Main Façade and the Towers
The main (western) façade with its three portals surmounted by gables and two towers are typical of the French Gothic style, but without a rose window - instead it features a large ogival window in the Brabantine Gothic style. The whole structure is supported by sturdy flying buttresses with double spans, influenced by Soissons Cathedral, crowned by pinnacles and gargoyles.
The two towers, built between 1470 and 1485, the upper parts of which are arranged in terraces, are attributed to Jan Van Ruysbroeck, the court architect of Philip the Good, who also designed the tower of Brussels' Town Hall and the Collegiate Church of St. Peter and St. Guido in Anderlecht.
The towers appear to be unfinished, lacking the spires seen in other Gothic cathedrals, and were originally meant to be much higher, in a style close to the Town Hall's tower.
The strong predominance of the vertical lines of this façade is impressive; four robust buttresses close and separate the three portals. The two at the ends become more important by integrating two tall buttressed turrets that rise from the base to the top of the towers themselves.
The façade is divided horizontally into three levels: a lower one entirely centred on the three portals; a median one opened by the large multi-light window flanked by two high three-light windows, each inscribed in the axis of one of the towers; and an upper one characterised by the large triangular tympanum which, developing from a gallery with fine columns, is topped by several flaming pinnacles, of which the central, more imposing, reaches a height of 55 metres (180 ft).
-- The Cathedral Chapels
From the transept, on each side of the choir, two large late-Gothic chapels, added in the 16th. century (the Chapel of the Blessed Sacrament of the Miracle), and the 17th. century (Chapel of Our Lady of Deliverance), protrude. The large proportions of these chapels gives the impression that the building has three choirs. Behind the apse, on the church's central axis, the Chapel of St. Mary Magdalen in Baroque style, was inserted in 1672 –1675 between the buttresses, with an octagonal plan with a dome and lantern.
-- Staircase and Forecourt
The monumental staircase in front of the cathedral, designed by Pieter Paul Merckx, was constructed in the period 1702 – 1707. This staircase, a gift from the City of Brussels, was originally built against the city walls in order to provide access to the promenade.
In the centre of the gardens located in front of the cathedral's forecourt stands a bust of King Baudouin. It is the work of the sculptor Henri Lenaerts. The bust was completed on the 6th. June 1996. The bust was integrated into its current environment in 2003 – 04, as part of the renovation of this green space. The bust was vandalised in June 2020, following the George Floyd protests in Belgium.
-- The Nave
The nave possesses all the characteristics of Brabantine Gothic - the four-part vaults are moderately high, and the robust cylindrical columns that line the nave's central aisle are topped with capitals in the shape of cabbage leaves. Statues of the twelve apostles are attached to the columns. These statues date from the 17th. century. The statues replaced those destroyed by iconoclasts in 1566.
The nave also contains a Baroque pulpit from the 17th. century, created by the Antwerp sculptor Hendrik Frans Verbruggen in 1699. The base represents Adam and Eve expelled from the Garden of Eden after plucking the forbidden fruit. At the top, the Madonna and Child piercing the serpent symbolise redemption.
To the right of the portal of the northern transept is an elegant 17th.-century sculpture depicting The Education of the Holy Virgin by Saint Anna by Jerôme Duquesnoy the Younger after a painting by Rubens. The side aisles contain 17th.-century oak confessionals.
-- The Choir and Chapels
The choir is Gothic, and has three rectangular bays and a five-sided apse. It also contains the mausoleums of the Dukes of Brabant and Archduke Ernest of Austria, made by Robert Colyn de Nole in the 17th. century. Its elevation is on three levels; large arcades communicating with the ambulatory, triforium and high windows.
Left of the choir is the Flamboyant Gothic Chapel of the Blessed Sacrament of the Miracle (1534 – 1539). It now houses the Treasure of the Cathedral, where the famous Drahmal Cross, an early 11th.-century Anglo-Saxon inscribed cross-reliquary, is stored. Jean Micault, receiver-general of Charles V, and his wife, Livine Cats van Welle, were buried there, and an altarpiece, probably commissioned by their son Nicolas, was dedicated to them. This triptych is now in the collections of the Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium.
Right of the choir is the Chapel of Our Lady of Deliverance (1649 – 1655), which was built in a late Gothic style and contains a Baroque altar by Jan Voorspoel (1666). Behind the choir is a Baroque chapel dedicated to St. Mary Magdalen dated 1672 - 1675, and a marble and alabaster altarpiece depicting the Passion of Christ by the sculptor Jean Mone dated 1538.
-- The Cathedral's Stained Glass
The cathedral has stained glass windows from the 16th., 17th., and 19th. centuries; most of which date from between 1525 and 1663. Particularly noteworthy is the large window in the western façade representing the Last Judgement. It was made in 1528 by the Antwerp glassmaker Jan Haeck, based on drawings by Bernard van Orley.
Haeck and Van Orley were also responsible for the windows adorning the northern and southern transepts. The northern window dates from 1537 and represents Charles V and his wife Isabella of Portugal in adoration for the Holy Sacrament and accompanied by their patron saints Charlemagne and Elizabeth of Hungary.
The southern window dates from 1538, and represents Charles' brother-in-law, Louis II of Hungary, with his wife Mary of Hungary in adoration for the Holy Trinity and accompanied by Saint Louis and the Virgin Mary.
The Chapel of Our Lady of Deliverance is decorated with stained glass windows by the glass painter Jean De Labaer, based on drawings by Theodoor van Thulden, one of Rubens's pupils. These windows, created between 1654 and 1663, describe the main episodes in the life of the Virgin Mary.
There is also an impressive series of fifteen stained glass windows from the 19th. century in the aisles, produced by Jean-Baptiste Capronnier. They were created in 1870 for the celebration of the fifth centenary of the Sacrament of Miracle.
-- The Cathedral's Organs
The large pipe organ in the nave was inaugurated in October 2000. It hangs as a swallow's nest organ at the level of the triforium, and has a total of 4,300 pipes, 63 stops, 4 keyboards and the pedal-board. This instrument is the work of the German organ-builder Gerhard Grenzing, based in Barcelona, in collaboration with the English architect Simon Platt.
The two-manual choir organ was created in 1977 in the workshop of the organ-builder Patrick Collon.
-- The Cathedral's Bells
Both towers contain bells. The south tower contains a 49-bell carillon from 1966 by the Royal Eijsbouts bell foundry, on which Sunday concerts are often given. Out of all the bells in the carillon, only seven of them can ring. They are, from heaviest to lightest: Fabiola, Maria, Michael, Gudula, Philippe, Astrid, and Laurent. Fabiola, Philippe, Astrid and Laurent are named after members of the Belgian royal family.
The north tower contains a single bourdon called Salvator, it was cast by Peter van den Gheyn in 1638. There is also another empty space where a second bourdon used to be.
-- Falcons at the Cathedral
At the end of the 1990's, local ornithologists discovered a couple of peregrine falcons roosting on top of the cathedral's towers. In 2001, ornithologists of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences installed a laying-nest on the edifice in an attempt to encourage nest-building. This laying-nest was never used, but in the spring of 2004, a pair of falcons nested on a balcony on top of the cathedral's northern tower. At the beginning of March, the female laid three eggs.
As a result of watching the three chicks perform acrobatic feats on the cathedral's gargoyles, at the end of May 2004, the project "Falcons for Everyone" was developed by the RBINS in association with the Commission Ornithologique de Watermael-Boitsfort. The project installed cameras with a live video stream on their website.
The Italia Airship Disaster
So what else happened on the day that the card was posted?
Well, on the 23rd. July 1928, Benito Mussolini told the Council of Ministers that a full investigation would be conducted into the Italia airship disaster.
The Italia was a semi-rigid airship belonging to the Italian Air Force. It was used by Italian engineer and General Umberto Nobile in his second series of flights around the North Pole.
The Italia crashed in 1928, with one confirmed fatality from the crash, one fatality from exposure while awaiting rescue, and the death of six crew members who were trapped in the still-airborne envelope.
The rescue operations were an absolute debacle, and at the end of them there were 17 dead, including both crew and rescuers.